| presence of a critical coronary artery stenosis does not abolish the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning. | episodic, severe coronary artery flow restriction preconditions the myocardium much like brief occlusions. the necessity for full reperfusion after a preconditioning intervention to elicit the preconditioning response is unclear. this study investigated in closed-chest swine the effect of a persistent critical coronary stenosis with moderate flow reduction on ischemic preconditioning. | 1997 | 9054861 |
| phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression. a new option for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. | we describe a new manual method of phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression with a lifestick resuscitator for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr). | 1997 | 9054868 |
| infection of human cells by an endogenous retrovirus of pigs. | the possible use of pig organs and tissues as xenografts in humans is actively being considered in biomedical research. we therefore examined whether pig endogenous retrovirus (perv) genomes can be infectiously transmitted to human cells in culture. two pig kidney cell lines spontaneously produce c-type retrovirus particles. cell-free retrovirus produced by the pk-15 kidney cell line (perv-pk) infected pig, mink and human kidney 293 cell lines and co-cultivation of x-irradiated pk-15 cells with ... | 1997 | 9055854 |
| evidence of potential gene flow in trichinella spiralis and in trichinella britovi in nature. | during a study on the epidemiology of trichinellosis in spain, 91 animals and 9 samples of sausages homemade with pork were found positive for trichinella. parasite identification at the species level was carried out by the polymerase chain reaction with a random primer on single muscle larvae. seventy-one animals harbored trichinella spiralis (17 domestic pigs, 53 wild boars, 1 fox), and 17 were infected with trichinella britovi (1 domestic pig, 13 wild boars, 3 foxes). sausages were infected w ... | 1997 | 9057718 |
| cystoplasty in pigs: a suitable model for the functional and morphological examination of urinary diversion. | although in the last years surgery for urinary diversion became routine in clinical practise, various problems have to be solved. therefore, a safe, universal animal model is necessary. an ileal pouch anastomosed to the subtotally resected urinary bladder was formed in 6 domestic pigs. ureters remained untouched and the reservoir was not drained by any tubes. animals were followed up for 3 months, every 3-4 weeks blood was drawn for electrolytes, renal and hepatic function and blood gas analysis ... | 1997 | 9058518 |
| lipid peroxidation induced in vivo by hyperhomocysteinaemia in pigs. | much attention has been focused recently on the relationship between homocysteinaemia and the development of premature atherosclerosis. hyperhomocysteinaemia constitutes as strong a risk factor for the development of the disease as either hypercholesterolaemia or smoking. although the mechanism involved is unclear homocysteine exhibits prooxidative activity in vitro. this finding suggests that it may be involved in the oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (ldl). in the current study ... | 1997 | 9069519 |
| application of immunoapheresis for delaying hyperacute rejection during isolated xenogeneic pig liver perfusion. | extracorporeal liver perfusion in hepatic coma, used to eliminate toxic metabolites causing hepatic encephalopathy, is limited by the antibody (ab) and complement-mediated hyperacute rejection of discordant xenografts. thus, the efficacy of highly selective immunoadsorption columns to deplete xenoreactive human anti-porcine antibodies before ex vivo liver perfusion was examined in this study. | 1997 | 9089228 |
| sustained local delivery of dexamethasone by a novel intravascular eluting stent to prevent restenosis in the porcine coronary injury model. | this study sought to assess the feasibility, safety and efficacy of sustained intracoronary delivery of dexamethasone by a novel polymer-coated eluting stent. | 1997 | 9091528 |
| laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in the porcine model. | minimally invasive techniques offer theoretical advantages for treating resectable periampullary neoplasms. laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (lpd) was first reported in 1992 and has been performed clinically despite lack of animal data to support the operation. the purpose of this study was to develop lpd in an acute porcine model and to assess safety and efficacy before considering clinical trials. | 1997 | 9094270 |
| animal model for investigation of spinal cord injury caused by aortic cross-clamping. | the objective of this experimental protocol was to design a large animal model that could simulate the ischemic condition caused by aortic cross-clamping during the operation for intrathoracic and thoraco-abdominal aneurysm. domestic swine weighing 25 to 30 kg were used for this model. the thoracic cavity was opened through the fourth intercostal space. cross-clamp was applied below the left subclavian artery. duration of cross-clamp was 30 min and the reperfusion period was 24 h. methods of ass ... | 1997 | 9100175 |
| experimental study of thrombogenicity and foreign body reaction induced by heparin-coated coronary stents. | results of recent randomized clinical trials have revealed a significant reduction in angiographic restenosis rate when adjunctive stenting was performed after conventional coronary balloon angioplasty. the thrombogenicity of metal stents, however, remains a concern. in the present study, we compare the thrombogenicity of heparin-coated coronary stents with that of bare metallic coronary stents. | 1997 | 9118524 |
| foodborne outbreaks of human toxoplasmosis. | two outbreaks of acute toxoplasmosis involving 8 adult patients in korea were linked to eating uncooked pork. in the first outbreak, 3 patients developed unilateral chorioretinitis within 3 months of eating a meal consisting of raw spleen and liver of a wild pig. in the second outbreak, 5 of 11 soldiers who ate a meal consisting of raw liver of a domestic pig developed lymphadenopathy. all 8 patients had high levels of igg toxoplasma gondii antibodies (> or = 1:1024) in the sabin-feldman dye tes ... | 1997 | 9129105 |
| immobilization and physiological parameters associated with chemical restraint of wild pigs with telazol and xylazine hydrochloride. | we used a combination of telazol (3.3 mg/kg) and xylazine hydrochloride (1.6 mg/kg to immobilize 144 wild pigs (sus scrofa) with blow darts. this drug combination was safe and effective for rapidly immobilizing animals ranging in size from 34 to > 170 kg and avoided difficulties associated with hand injections. for 123 single injection immobilizations, mean (+/- sd) induction times and effective handling periods averaged 5 (+/- 2.5) and 52 (+/- 18) min, respectively, and animals generally recove ... | 1997 | 9131548 |
| [cerebrovascular fiberoptic catheter oximetry in an intracranial pressure model in swine. new aspects of a clinical routine]. | the reliability of continuous fibreoptic oximetry in cerebral venous blood and its correlation with intracranial and cerebral perfusion pressures (pressure-volume curve) were examined in an experimental porcine study. | 1997 | 9133171 |
| specific properties of the extracellular chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans in the mandibular condylar growth centre in pigs. | the developing condylar cartilage of the temporomandibular joint responds to changes in load by adaptive growth. because local regulatory events taking place during growth processes are not well understood, investigation of extracellular matrix composition could provide new information about which matrix molecules are involved in the regulation of growth processes in this avascular tissue. the large chondroitin sulphate-rich proteoglycans in the mandibular condyle were compared to the proteoglyc ... | 1997 | 9134117 |
| experimental tips with spiral z-stents in swine with and without induced portal hypertension. | to assess the suitability of spiral z-stents for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (tips) and the influence of portal hypertension on shunt patency in young swine. | 1997 | 9134843 |
| nitric oxide inhibition causes an exaggerated pressor response in yucatan miniature swine. | the involvement to nitric oxide (no) in cardiovascular and renal function was evaluated in 12 anesthetized yucatan miniature swine. the effect of no blockade on blood pressure was measured in six additional conscious swine. in the anesthetized swine, mean arterial pressure (map), heart rate, glomerular filtration rate (gfr), and urinary excretion of water, sodium, and potassium were measured after systemic inhibition of no synthesis by ng-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-name), and were compared ... | 1997 | 9150495 |
| arthropod succession on exposed carrion in three contrasting tropical habitats on hawaii island, hawaii. | decomposition studies were conducted using domestic pig carcasses to determine arthropod succession patterns on exposed carrion for the island of hawaii. the carcasses were placed in upland forest and woodland (1,877 m), rainforest (1,169 m) and midelevation woodlands (646 m) habitats. marked differences in species composition, rates of biomass removal, and succession patterns were observed between these 3 sites. these results also differed from patterns observed during previous decomposition st ... | 1997 | 9151499 |
| thromboxane a2 receptor density increases during chronic exposure to thromboxane a2 receptor antagonists after porcine carotid bypass. | domestic swine (n=12 in each group) were randomized to daily treatment with the thromboxane a2 (txa2) receptor antagonist bms-180291 (group i), aspirin (group ii), or no drug (group iii) prior to prosthetic carotid graft implantation. platelet and arterial wall receptor density were measured by equilibrium binding using 125i-bop. at 6 weeks, means (s.e.m.) platelet receptor density (pmol/mg) had increased in groups i (3.3(0.6) versus 1.8(0.3); p<0.05) and ii (2.6(0.6) versus 1.7(0.2); p<0.05), b ... | 1997 | 9158129 |
| the role of nursing frequency in milk production in domestic pigs. | we conducted three experiments to assess how nursing frequency affects milk output in early pig lactation. in exp. 1, nursing behavior of 12 individually penned sows was recorded on d 1 through 3 postpartum. the milk output was measured using the weigh-suckle-weigh method. the spontaneous changes in the nursing frequency between d 1 and 2 were positively correlated with the changes in milk output (rs = .64), and the same was true for changes between d 2 and 3 (rs = .77). in exp. 2, we forced sow ... | 1997 | 9159268 |
| gasless videoendoscopic implantation of aortobifemoral vascular prostheses via a transperitoneal approach--an animal experiment. | standard approach for aortobifemoral vascular approach prostheses is the transperitoneal approach, following median laparotomy and bilateral inguinal incision. the goal of this animal experiment was the development of a new minimal-invasive surgical technique utilizing a less-traumatic approach for aortobifemoral bypass. | 1997 | 9174386 |
| motoneuronal location of the external urethral and anal sphincters: a single and double labeling study in the male and female golden hamster. | the location of external urethral (eus) and anal sphincter (eas) motoneurons was investigated in the golden hamster using the retrograde tracers horseradish peroxidase and cholera toxin b-subunit. single and double labeling studies revealed that the motoneurons of the eus and eas were present in the same nucleus (nucleus of onuf) ventrolaterally in the ventral horn of the caudal first sacral segment and throughout the second sacral segment. within onuf's nucleus the eas motoneurons were located ... | 1997 | 9175599 |
| open-chest cardiac massage without major thoracotomy: metabolic indicators of coronary and cerebral perfusion. | to compare the coronary and cerebral perfusion achieved using a novel method of minimally-invasive, direct cardiac massage to that obtained using bimanual, open-chest cardiac massage. | 1997 | 9178386 |
| effect of mineral oil on porcine urothelium. | mineral oil has been used to facilitate ureteral stone extraction and to treat selected patients with infected residual urine. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mineral oil on the urothelium. twelve adult female farm pigs underwent bilateral ureteral catheter placement under general endotracheal anesthesia. retrograde pyelograms were performed and the ureteral diameters measured. using a randomization protocol, six animals underwent injection of 10 ml of normal saline into ... | 1997 | 9181446 |
| clarifying plasma melatonin profiles in domestic pigs: a critical and comparative evaluation of two radioimmunoassay systems. | the results of a direct radioimmunoassay (ria) for porcine plasma melatonin, suggesting a relationship among plasma melatonin, feed intake and photoperiod, were investigated by comparison with the results of an extracted ria. these findings were further examined by analysis of a small number of samples using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gcms). the results identified inadequacies in the specificity of the direct ria and failed to provide evidence for an effect of feed intake on melatonin ... | 1997 | 9181517 |
| fibre type grouping in porcine masseter and soleus muscles assessed by the enclosed fibre type concept. a statistical and computational analysis. | muscle function is determined not only by the frequency of slow (type i) and fast (type ii) fibres but also the spatial fibre type organization. during ageing as well as in muscle disorders, divergencies from the normal pattern may occur and are expressed as 'fibre-type grouping'. to elucidate whether intramuscular differences in spatial fibre type arrangements may underlie the functional heterogeneity of the porcine masseter, the arrangements of intrafascicular type i and type ii fibres were as ... | 1997 | 9183034 |
| the endothelin receptor antagonist, bosentan, in combination with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, diclofenac, counteracts pulmonary hypertension in porcine endotoxin shock. | to prevent endotoxin-induced pulmonary hypertension in the pig with a combination of a nonpeptide mixed endothelin receptor antagonist, bosentan, and a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, diclofenac. | 1997 | 9187606 |
| exposure of swine to trichinella spiralis antigen as determined by consecutive elisas and western blot. | exposure of swine to trichinella spiralis was evaluated using a combination of 3 consecutive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) based on larval t. spiralis excretory-secretory antigen as screening test and western blot analysis as confirmatory test. ninety-three of 32,693 domestic swine sera collected in georgia over a 5-yr period contained antibodies specific to t. spiralis (prevalence of exposure = 0.28%). the highest prevalence (0.52%) of exposure to t. spiralis was in samples from s ... | 1997 | 9194822 |
| experimental studies on the pathway for migration and the development of taiwan taenia in domestic pigs. | the pig is the most favorable experimental intermediate host of taiwan taenia. cysticerci in infected pigs are located in the liver except for a few extrahepatic ones. the present study was designed to investigate the pathway of migration of the oncospheres of taiwan taenia in the pig. in the first group, each of 5 small-ear-miniature (sem) and one landrace-small-ear-miniature (l-sem) pigs were injected with 5000 hatched oncospheres into the ear vein. three sem and one l-sem pigs were found to h ... | 1996 | 9198595 |
| effect of ng-nitro-l-arginine-methyl-ester on cardiopulmonary function and biosynthesis of cyclooxygenase products during porcine endotoxemia. | to determine if inhibition of nitric oxide synthase with ng-nitro-l-arginine-methyl-ester (l-name) potentiates endotoxin-induced cardiopulmonary dysfunction and release of cyclooxygenase products in a porcine model of endotoxemia. | 1997 | 9201060 |
| experimental vesicular stomatitis in swine: effects of route of inoculation and steroid treatment. | an enzootic focus of vesicular stomatitis virus new jersey serotype (vsv-nj) exists on ossabaw island, georgia. many questions regarding the epizootiology of this virus at this focus still exist, but evidence suggests that the vector for this virus is a phlebotomine sand fly (lutzomyia shannoni), with feral swine serving as a potential source of virus for the sand fly and for other swine via contact transmission. we conducted 2 experimental trials in domestic swine using vsv-nj isolated from a s ... | 1997 | 9211231 |
| infiltrator angioplasty balloon catheter: a device for combined angioplasty and intramural site-specific treatment. | we describe a new angioplasty device (infiltrator angioplasty balloon catheter; iabc) with intramural drug delivery capability. the conventional balloon part of the device, when inflated, dilates the vessel or has three rows of longitudinally mounted infiltrator nipples to penetrate the tunica media. through an independent infiltrator port and nipples, drugs can be infiltrated directly into the vessel wall. | 1997 | 9213033 |
| laparoscopically guided bipolar radiofrequency ablation of areas of porcine liver. | bipolar radiofrequency ablation (brfa) is a promising technique with which to treat unresectable primary and metastatic liver tumors. its effects on normal liver tissue and postoperative liver function, however, are unknown. we performed this study to determine (1) the feasibility of using laparoscopic ultrasound to guide placement of brfa needle electrodes in the liver and (2) the histopathologic, hepatic biochemical, and systemic hemodynamic responses to brfa. | 1997 | 9214320 |
| mechanisms of transmission of aujeszky's disease virus originating from feral swine in the usa. | to understand the possible mechanisms of transmission of aujeszky's disease virus (pseudorabies or prv) from a feral pig reservoir, intranasal infections were initiated in domestic pigs and in pigs from a herd derived from captured feral pigs. virus strains originating from feral pigs and from domestic pigs were compared. similar shedding patterns were obtained in both feral-derived and domestic pigs, however, virus strains from feral pigs were markedly attenuated. virus could be isolated after ... | 1997 | 9220604 |
| catalytic activity of phospholipase a2 in serum in experimental fat embolism in pigs. | to investigate the catalytic activity of phospholipase a2 in serum during the early phase of experimental fat embolism. | 1997 | 9231857 |
| inotropic treatment and intestinal mucosal tissue oxygenation in a model of porcine endotoxemia. | to evaluate the dose-related effects of dopamine, dopexamine, and dobutamine on intestinal mucosal tissue oxygenation following short-time infusion of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, which has previously been shown to decrease mucosal tissue oxygenation by 60% of control values. | 1997 | 9233747 |
| experimental fat embolism induces urine 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin f1alpha and 11-dehydrothromboxane b2 excretion in pigs. | to evaluate the in vivo production of prostacyclin and thromboxane a2 during the initial phase of experimental fat embolism as assessed, respectively, by determinations of urine 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin f1alpha and 11-dehydrothromboxane b2 excretion. | 1997 | 9233750 |
| zinc-bis-histidinate preserves cardiac function in a porcine model of cardioplegic arrest. | we examined the ability of zinc-bis-histidinate to preserve postarrest myocardial function when added to a standard crystalloid cardioplegic solution. | 1997 | 9236338 |
| thoracoscopic transmyocardial laser revascularization. | transmyocardial laser revascularization is a promising surgical technique used to treat nonreconstructable ischemic heart disease. recent clinical data show that this technique improves the regional perfusion of ischemic myocardium and reduces angina. presently, transmyocardial laser revascularization requires an open, lateral thoracotomy. we report here the use of thoracoscopic techniques to perform transmyocardial laser revascularization in a closed chest fashion. | 1997 | 9236355 |
| assessment of the nutritional effects of olestra, a nonabsorbed fat replacement: introduction and overview. | olestra is a mixture of polyesters formed from sucrose and fatty acids derived from edible fats and oils. it is not absorbed or digested and can serve as a zero-calorie replacement for dietary fat. because olestra is lipophilic and not absorbed, it has the potential to interfere with the absorption of other dietary components, especially lipophilic ones, when it is in the digestive tract with those components. a series of studies were conducted in the domestic pig and in healthy adult humans to ... | 1997 | 9237952 |
| the domestic pig as a model for evaluating olestra's nutritional effects. | experimental conditions for measuring the effect of the noncaloric fat substitute olestra on the availability of dietary nutrients were established in the weanling domestic pig. to evaluate the tolerance of the pig for dietary fat levels similar to those in the human diet, groups were fed a standard corn-soy-based swine feed with and without 14% (30% of energy) added fat for 4 wk. to evaluate the adequacy of a purified diet to produce good growth, groups of pigs were fed purified diets providing ... | 1997 | 9237954 |
| physical or temporal separation of olestra and vitamins a, e and d intake decreases the effect of olestra on the status of the vitamins in the pig. | a study was conducted in the domestic pig to determine 1 ) whether feeding olestra mixed in the diet exaggerated olestra effects on fat-soluble vitamin status compared with the effects of feeding it in a typical snack food, and 2) whether separating olestra consumption temporally from vitamin consumption affected the influence of olestra on vitamin status. groups of 10 pigs each, five castrated males and five females, were fed 2.2% (wt/wt) olestra for 4 wk in purified diet that provided 1 time t ... | 1997 | 9237955 |
| nutritional status of pigs fed olestra with and without increased dietary levels of vitamins a and e in long-term studies. | in a 26-wk study, five groups (n = 10) of domestic pigs were fed 0.25, 0.5, 1.1, 3.3 or 5.5% olestra; three groups were fed 0.25% with graded levels of vitamins a and e; and one group was fed 5.5% with added vitamins a and e and exposed to uv light. in a 39-wk study, two groups (n = 10) were fed 0.25% olestra with or without added vitamins a and e. in each study, a control group was fed basal diet with no olestra, and a group was killed at d 0 for base-line nutrient measurements. the diets provi ... | 1997 | 9237959 |
| incorporation of cultured embryonic cells into transgenic and chimeric, porcine fetuses. | the derivation of murine, embryonic stem cells, and their use in the generation of transgenic mice, are well-established procedures. application of these methodologies to non-murine species, however, remains to be fully realized. non-murine embryonic stem cells would be of considerable value to studies in comparative development, and would raise important implications for agriculture and biotechnology. here we report the achievement of chimerism and transgenesis in the domestic pig (sus scrofa) ... | 1997 | 9240573 |
| the cytogenetic map of the domestic pig. | | 1997 | 9250869 |
| continuous monitoring of the partial pressure of oxygen in cerebral venous blood. | clinical oxygen monitoring in the injured brain is somewhat difficult. however, ischemia is one of the major factors responsible for secondary tissue damage after head injury or subarachnoid hemorrhage. therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the value of continuously monitoring the partial pressure of oxygen in cerebral venous blood (pcvo2) during changes in intracranial pressure (icp). | 1997 | 9257315 |
| effects of the at1-selective angiotensin ii antagonist, telmisartan, on hemodynamics and ventricular function after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the angiotensin ii (ang ii) antagonist, telmisartan, on hemodynamics, myocardial function and myocardial blood flow during the postresuscitation phase in a porcine model of cpr and to compare these to saline. after 4 min of ventricular fibrillation and 5 min of closed-chest cpr, defibrillation was performed in 16 domestic pigs to restore spontaneous circulation (rosc). ten minutes after rosc, animals were allocated to receive either the ... | 1997 | 9259062 |
| demonstration of nerve fibers containing the c-terminal flanking peptide of neuropeptide y (cpon) in the pig pineal gland (sus domesticus): an immunocytochemical study by light and electron microscopy. | the pineal gland is richly innervated by the neuropeptide y (npy)-positive nerves that mostly exibit immunoreactivity for the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, a marker of sympathetic nerve fibers. npy is synthesized as a part of larger prepromolecule. the present study was undertaken to demonstrate that the posttranslational processing of prepronpy resulted in the presence of c-terminal flanking peptide of npy (cpon) in nerve fibers of the pig pineal gland. | 1997 | 9268146 |
| a conserved african swine fever virus ikappab homolog, 5el, is nonessential for growth in vitro and virulence in domestic swine. | an african swine fever virus (asfv) gene with similarity to the cellular inhibitor of nfkappab (ikappab) was described in the pathogenic african isolate malawi lil-20/1 (orf 5el) and a cell-culture-adapted european virus, ba71v (orf a238l). recently, this gene was shown to be a functional ikappab homolog capable of downregulating nfkappab-regulated gene expression. this observation suggests the gene may be of significance to aspects of asfv pathogenesis and virulence in domestic swine by interfe ... | 1997 | 9281518 |
| localization of the 18s, 5.8s and 28s rrna genes and the 5s rrna genes in the babirusa and the white-lipped peccary. | the locations of the genes encoding 18s, 5.8s and 28s rrna and 5s rrna were studied in two relatives of the domestic pig, the babirusa (babyrousa babyrussa) and the white-lipped peccary (tayassu pecari). in the babirusa, the 18s, 5.8s and 28s rdna is located on chromosomes 6, 8 and 10. the genes on chromosomes 8 and 10 are actively transcribed, in contrast to those on chromosomes 6. in the white-lipped peccary, this rdna was found to be located on chromosomes 4 and 8. the genes on both of these ... | 1997 | 9284936 |
| [endemic area of paragonimiasis in vietnam]. | we studied 155 patients with chronic pulmonary disease from a mountainous area in north-west vietnam, in march, 1993. sputum was collected from patients and examined for the presence of paragonimus eggs using a light microscope. forty four of the patients (approximately 28%) were diagnosed with and treated for human paragonimiasis. forty two of these cases were purely pleural-pulmonary forms whereas the remaining two cases also involved problems with the central nervous system. most of the patie ... | 1997 | 9296804 |
| effects of one-lung ventilation on pulmonary hemodynamics and gas exchange in the newborn. | for major thoracoscopic surgery, one-lung ventilation is mandatory. this is reasonably well tolerated in adults and children. the effects of one-lung ventilation on hemodynamics and gas exchange in newborns, however, are not known yet. eight neonatal domestic pigs with a median age of 6 days (range: 3-9 days), and a mean body weight of 2.3 kg (1.7-2.8 kg) were intubated and ventilated in pressure-controlled mode (fio2 = 1). anesthesia was maintained with i.v. fentanyl/metomidate. after tracheoto ... | 1997 | 9297515 |
| changes in swine macrophage phenotype after infection with african swine fever virus: cytokine production and responsiveness to interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide. | cytokines produced by cells of the immune system, including macrophages, can influence inflammatory responses to viral infection. this has been exploited by viruses, which have developed strategies to direct the immune response towards ineffective responses. african swine fever virus (asfv) is a double-stranded dna virus that infects macrophages of domestic swine. in this study, primary cells of monocyte macrophage lineage were obtained from the lungs, peritoneum or blood of domestic swine and, ... | 1997 | 9301535 |
| [the epidemiological-epizootiological subdivision of the nosogeographic range of trichinosis]. | the prevalence of trichinosis was analyzed among human beings and animals in moscow province over 50 years (1946-1996). a total of 7022 domestic, synanthropic, and wild carnivorous animals were incompletely helminthologically dissected. enzyme immunoassay revealed diagnostic trichinella antigen antibody titers in 45.4% of 544 examinees during outbreaks and at their intervals, as well as in 0.58% of domestic pigs of different property forms. trichinella larvae were found in domestic pigs (0.13%), ... | 1997 | 9304022 |
| identification and differentiation of bear bile used in medicinal products in taiwan. | one hundred eighty-three suspect bear bile used in medicinal products, collected in taiwan as gall bladders or dried powder forms, were analyzed using ftir, hptlc, and hplc techniques to identify whether they are indeed bear bile. those confirmed were further examined to determine whether the observed analytical parameters can be reliably used for source inference, i.e., differentiating products among north american black bear, farmed asiatic black bear, polar bear, etc. our data suggested that ... | 1997 | 9304828 |
| cloning, structural analysis, and expression of the pig ige epsilon chain. | as a step in the evolutionary studies of immunoglobulin e (ige) and for the purpose of developing new reagents that will facilitate a more detailed analysis of ige-mediated inflammatory reactions in a large animal model, we here present the cloning of the epsilon chain of ige in the domestic pig (sus scrufa). a partial cdna clone for the epsilon chain of pig ige was isolated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification using degenerate primers directed against conserved regions in the second ... | 1997 | 9321425 |
| likelihood of introducing selected exotic diseases to domestic swine in the continental united states of america through uncooked swill. | to help policy makers determine the need for current regulations (which require cooking of swill prior to feeding to swine), an assessment of the likelihood of exposing domestic swine in the continental united states of america (usa) to selected foreign animal disease agents by feeding uncooked swill was carried out. the hazard was assumed to originate from contraband food items entering the usa and subsequently being discarded in household waste. such food waste may be collected by licensed was ... | 1997 | 9329117 |
| effects of castration on early postnatal development of male accessory sex glands in the domestic pig. | in the neonatal pig there is a remarkable production of steroids by the testes for the first few weeks after birth. several androgens and estrogens reach a peak at about one month of age. in order to gain an understanding of the significance of this early steroid secretion we examined the effect on accessory sex glands of removal of the testes before the peak in these compounds would have occurred. pigs were castrated (n = 38) at 2-3 weeks of age, with littermates serving as intact controls (n = ... | 1997 | 9330594 |
| magnetic resonance-guided laparoscopic interstitial laser therapy of the liver. | there is a necessity for an imaging method during laparoscopy to get a three-dimensional access to the target. in this study we evaluated laparoscopic interstitial laser therapy of the liver under magnetic resonance imaging guidance. | 1997 | 9337173 |
| local delivery of ethanol inhibits intimal hyperplasia in pig coronary arteries after balloon injury. | smooth muscle cell (smc) hyperplasia is an important mechanism of restenosis after coronary angioplasty and the primary mechanism of restenosis within coronary stents. ethanol has been shown to reduce the response of smcs to local growth stimulants in vitro. this study was carried out to determine whether local delivery of ethanol solution could reduce intimal hyperplasia induced by balloon injury. | 1997 | 9337203 |
| horseradish peroxidase as a histological indicator of mechanisms of porcine retinal vascular damage and protection with perfluorocarbons after massive air embolism. | this laboratory has previously shown that a second-generation perfluorocarbon emulsion (pfe) reduces the severity of cerebral injury induced by air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb). horseradish peroxidase examines vascular permeability and was used in this study of the mechanisms of cellular protection afforded by the pfe. | 1997 | 9341714 |
| status of trichinella spiralis in domestic swine and wild boar in canada. | evidence of the status of trichinellosis in canada's national swine herd is provided from data acquired through national surveillance programs and from a prevalence study of trichinella in wild boar and domestic swine. more than 500,000 swine tested at abattoirs in ongoing animal health surveys since 1980 and 2 national swine serological surveys (1985 and 1990) showed no evidence of trichinella infection, except for 3 occurrences in a small infected zone in nova scotia. the prevalence study of d ... | 1997 | 9342448 |
| acute effects of 17 beta-estradiol on the coronary microcirculation: observations in sedated, closed-chest domestic swine. | to test the hypotheses: that acute administration of 17 beta-estradiol dilates normal coronary microvessels in vivo; that coronary microvascular responses to acute estrogen stimulation exhibit sexual dimorphism; and that nitric oxide has a role in mediating these effects. | 1997 | 9347215 |
| heparin versus citrate regional anticoagulation during autotransfusion in a porcine intra-abdominal hemorrhage model. | our objective was to determine the effects of anticoagulants and blood loss on hemodynamic, hematologic, and coagulation parameters following autotransfusion in an animal model of intraabdominal hemorrhage. we performed a prospective, randomized observational animal study at an animal research laboratory at a university medical center. eight landrace, domestic pigs, weighing 17-23 kg, each underwent jugular venous and iliac arterial catheterization and laparotomy with retroperitoneal dissection ... | 1997 | 9358794 |
| [localization of pth gene on pig chromosome 14q25-q28 by in situ hybridization]. | the human parathyroid hormone (pth) genic dna, as a probe, was labelled with tritium(3h) using nick translation and random oligonucleotide primers methods. metaphase chromosomal g-bands were prepared from cultured blood lymphocytes of domestic pig. after in situ hybridization and autoradiographly, the number of silver grains on every chromosome was calculated. the result showed that pth gene is located at chromosome 14q25-q28. the relevent points of this study are discussed. | 1997 | 9361454 |
| the effect of alpha-trinositol on cholera toxin-induced fluid accumulation in pig (sus scrofa domesticus) jejunum in vivo. | the effect of alpha-trinositol (d-myo-inositol-1,2,6-trisphosphate) on cholera toxin-induced fluid accumulation (i.e., net fluid secretion) was studied in the pig jejunum in vivo. cholera toxin caused a dose-dependent fluid accumulation in control experiments. intravenous injection of alpha-trinositol produced a reduction of the response to cholera toxin with a significant maximal inhibition of 36%. however, in high concentrations of alpha-trinositol this inhibition was absent. | 1997 | 9366061 |
| laparoscopic modified sugiura procedure: experimental study on the pig. | the sugiura procedure is an alternative treatment for bleeding gastroesophageal varices. laparoscopic sugiura procedure has not previously been described. the aim of this study is to develop a laparoscopic oesophageal transection with an eea stapler, as well as a complete laparoscopic modified sugiura procedure. | 1997 | 9372382 |
| the use of a wild pig x domestic pig intercross to map phenotypic trait loci. | intercrosses between divergent lines of domestic animals adapted to different environmental conditions and/or production systems provide unique opportunities for mapping phenotypic trait loci. the strategy resembles the use of interspecific crosses developed for general linkage mapping. we have made an intercross between the wild pig and domestic pigs of the large white breed. a comprehensive linkage map comprising more than 230 genetic markers has been established. the successful use of this in ... | 1997 | 9378913 |
| natural host odours as possible attractants for glossina tachinoides and g. longipalpis (diptera: glossinidae). | as strictly haematophagous insects, tsetse flies feed on a wide variety of wild and domestic animals. although these are mainly mammals, some tsetse species also feed on reptiles. the present study investigated whether the odours of several potential natural tsetse hosts may be used as novel attractants to improve the catch of glossina tachinoides or g. longipalpis in biconical traps. the odour of a living monitor lizard (varanus niloticus) had no effect on the catch of g. tachinoides. hexane sk ... | 1997 | 9386790 |
| gnathostomiasis in frog-eating snakes from japan. | gnathostoma doloresi parasitizes the gastric wall of wild (boars) and domestic (pigs) swine (sus scrofa). its larvae cause cutaneous larva migrans in humans. amphibians, reptiles and a freshwater fish are infected with the advanced 3rd stage larvae. prevalence of g. doloresi larvae were surveyed in several snakes, especially in a common frog-eating snake (rhabdophis tigrinus). all species of snakes examined were infected with g. doloresi larvae suggesting that snakes are important reservoir host ... | 1997 | 9391975 |
| vitamins c and e inhibit o2- production in the pig coronary artery. | we previously found in a pig coronary balloon injury model that vitamins c and e as well as probucol had beneficial effects on the vessel response to injury measured by morphometry these effects correlated with an inhibition in the ability to oxidize ldls ex vivo, suggesting that the morphological response was due to the antioxidant effect of the treatments. | 1997 | 9396460 |
| physiological concentrations of estradiol attenuate endothelin 1-induced coronary vasoconstriction in vivo. | estrogens are cardioprotective hormones and are reported to have antianginal properties. we examined the effect of physiological concentrations of 17beta-estradiol on coronary reactivity in anesthetized female farm pigs. | 1997 | 9396464 |
| diagnosis of trichinellosis in swine by enzyme immunoassay, using a synthetic glycan antigen. | to assess performance of a synthetic carbohydrate antigen for use in an enzyme immunoassay for diagnosis of trichinellosis in swine. animals and sample population: 47 york x duroc pigs and field sera from 265 farm pigs raised under various management systems. | 1997 | 9401691 |
| modifications of operant thermoregulatory behavior of the young pig by environmental temperature and food availability. | piglets (sus scrofa domesticus) were weaned at 14 days and acclimated to 10 ("cold animals") or 35 degrees c ("warm animals"). cold animals were either fed ad lib. (10hh) or maintained on a high (10h) or low (10l) nutrition plane. warm animals were maintained on a high (35h), low (35l), or a very low (35ll) nutrition plane. after 3 weeks of acclimation, operant thermoregulatory behavior (animals pressed a lever to turn on a heater) at 15 degrees c was assessed immediately following or 22 h after ... | 1997 | 9402624 |
| epidemiological investigation of trichinellosis in switzerland. | domestic pigs in switzerland have been considered trichinella-free for decades, despite the occurrence of trichinella in the wildlife cycle. in order to reevaluate the present epidemiological situation, tissue samples from 11226 domestic pigs, 356 wild boars and 452 foxes were examined using the standard artificial digestion method. a simultaneous serological study, extended to include 25239 sera from sows provided by a swiss pig serum bank, was also undertaken. the results of both studies suppo ... | 1997 | 9404846 |
| vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor produces nitric oxide-dependent hypotension. evidence for a maintenance role in quiescent adult endothelium. | in vitro studies suggest that vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor (vegf/vpf) may stimulate release of nitric oxide (no) from endothelial cells. to investigate the hemodynamic consequences of recombinant vegf/vpf administered in vivo, recombinant human vegf/vpf was administered as a bolus dose of 500 micrograms to anesthetized (n = 6) or conscious (n = 5) new zealand white rabbits, as well as anesthetized rabbits with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia (hc; n = 7). anes ... | 1997 | 9409257 |
| [cava filter placement under mri control. experimental in vitro and in vivo studies]. | an instrument has been developed for the introduction of caval filters which can be used with mri; it has been investigated in in vitro and in in vivo experiments. | 1997 | 9417273 |
| pancreatic contrast enhancement with mn-bis pyridoxal ethylene diamine diacetic acid and the influence of a hormonal stimulation of the pancreas in pigs. | pancreatic and hepatic contrast enhancement after different modes of administration of mn-bis pyridoxal ethylene diamine diacetic acid (mn-dpdp) and the influence of the hormones secretin and cholecystokinin on the uptake of this new contrast agent were studied by using magnetic resonance (mr) imaging and atomic absorption spectroscopy (aas) examinations carried out on 13 young domestic pigs. | 1994 | 9419495 |
| magnetic resonance imaging of the hepatobiliary system: intestinal absorption studies of manganese mesoporphyrin. | we studied the intestinal absorption of manganese mesoporphyrin (mn-mesoporphyrin), a potential oral hepatobiliary contrast agent. | 1995 | 9419672 |
| the influence of the c1-inhibitor berinert and the protein-free haemodialysate actihaemyl20% on the evolution of the depth of scald burns in a porcine model. | standardized deep partial-thickness burns were inflicted on domestic pigs by scalding 30 per cent of the skin surface for 25 s with 75 degrees c hot water. the animals (n = 18; weight 25-35 kg) were divided into three groups: i, control group (n = 6), ringer's lactate only; ii, haemodialysate group (n = 6), ringer's lactate and a protein-free haemodialysate of calf-blood (actihaemyl20%; ah) and iii, c1-inhibitor group (n = 6), ringer's lactate and c1-inhibitor (c1-inh; berinert). skin biopsies w ... | 1997 | 9429024 |
| haemoperfusion treatment in pigs experimentally intoxicated by paraquat. | 1. because of their similarity in renal morphology and physiology to humans, domestic pigs (gilts, 70 kg) were bolus treated by intramuscular injection of 74, 17, and 6 mg kg-1 and by oral loading (70 mg kg-1 n = 4) of paraquat. the concentration peak of plasma paraquat was reached at 1.5 - 2.5 h. renal clearance of paraquat rose to its maximum at 5-6 h after intoxication and then sharply decreased indicating renal failure. all the intoxicated pigs died. 2. an additional 10 gilts were also orall ... | 1997 | 9429084 |
| new method for monitoring the functional state of a dynamic cardiomyoplasty. | to assess the impact of a dynamic cardiomyoplasty on failing hearts, it is essential to estimate the contraction force of the skeletal muscle and how its contraction is synchronized with the heart cycle. | 1997 | 9434705 |
| a nonessential african swine fever virus gene uk is a significant virulence determinant in domestic swine. | sequence analysis of the right variable genomic region of the pathogenic african swine fever virus (asfv) isolate e70 revealed a novel gene, uk, that is immediately upstream from the previously described asfv virulence-associated gene nl-s (l. zsak, z. lu, g. f. kutish, j. g. neilan, and d. l. rock, j. virol. 70:8865-8871, 1996). uk, transcriptionally oriented toward the right end of the genome, predicts a protein of 96 amino acids with a molecular mass of 10.7 kda. searches of genetic databases ... | 1998 | 9444996 |
| histologic characteristics of laparoscopic argon beam coagulation. | to describe histologic effects of laparoscopic argon beam coagulation and determine the extent of tissue necrosis at various power settings and exposure times. | 1998 | 9454871 |
| epidemiological study of campylobacter spp. in broilers: source, time of colonization, and prevalence. | from october 1993 to august 1994, broiler chickens in four grow-out houses, two previously used (houses 1 and 2) and two newly constructed (houses 3 and 4), were used in a study to determine the source, time of infection, and prevalence of campylobacter spp. cecal droppings and cecal samples were obtained from the broilers. samples were also obtained from water, feed, litter, soil, fans, and workers' boots. samples were obtained from domestic animals and wildlife species (rectal swabs), includin ... | 1997 | 9454923 |
| in vivo liposome-mediated transfection of hla-dr alpha-chain gene into pig hearts. | scarcity of suitable donor organs remains a major problem for organ transplantation. transfer of recipient hla-genes into animal donor-organs during harvest could induce graft-tolerance without suppressing the recipient immune system. | 1997 | 9458153 |
| creatinine is an appropriate reference for urinary sulphatoxymelatonin of laboratory animals and humans. | in our studies on diurnal 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (amt6s) rhythms in various species, we have sometimes obtained fluctuating patterns. in most of these, the volume of individual urine fractions was not accurately measured because of methodological problems. here, we report a simple method to overcome these problems by using urinary creatinine to estimate urine volume. the benefit of this method is demonstrated in two representative examples of the diurnal amt6s rhythms of rats, domestic pigs and h ... | 1997 | 9462851 |
| effects of sympathicolytic and sympathicomimetic drugs on pineal ultrastructure in the domestic pig. | the effects of a 4-day administration of two sympathicolytic (alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, propranolol) and three sympathicomimetic (clorgyline, isoproterenol, dobutamine) drugs on the ultrastructure of the pineal gland in the domestic pig were examined. the morphological changes in the pinealocytes of the experimental groups mainly concerned cytoplasmic dense bodies, primary lysosomes, multivesicular bodies, dense core vesicles, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. these structures seemed to be under ... | 1997 | 9462852 |
| effects of sympathicolytic and sympathicomimetic drugs on plasma immunoreactive melatonin in the domestic pig. | plasma immunoreactive melatonin was monitored for 110 hr in sexually immature female domestic pigs kept under 12l:12d light conditions and treated with two sympathicolytic (alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, propranolol) and three sympathicomimetic (clorgyline, isoproterenol, dobutamine) drugs. mean levels of plasma melatonin in the control pigs showed significant diurnal changes with the highest values during the scotophase. in the individual gilts the diurnal changes of plasma melatonin were markedly ir ... | 1997 | 9462853 |
| toxicity of atractyloside in precision-cut rat and porcine renal and hepatic tissue slices. | atractyloside (atr) causes acute fatal renal and hepatic necrosis in animals and humans. precision-cut renal cortical and hepatic slices (200 +/- 15 microns) from adult male wistar rat and domestic pigs, incubated with atr (0.2-2.0 mm) for 3 h at 37 degrees c, inhibited pyruvate-stimulated gluconeogenesis in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. p-aminohippurate accumulation was significantly inhibited in both rat and pig renal cortical slices from 0.2 mm atr (p < 0.05). there was a small ... | 1998 | 9465261 |
| [animal foci and routes of transmission of mycobacterium avium]. | the main source of mycobacterium avium are tuberculous birds especially domestic fowl. tuberculosis seldom occurs in other domesticated birds. of free living birds, the synantropic species are affected. these birds are infected by contact with tuberculous fowl and spread the infection. the spread of m. avium in free living birds is not assumed. as to domestic mammals, domestic pigs are the most important source of m. avium. mycobacteria are eliminated for a short time in the faeces of infected p ... | 1997 | 9471296 |
| gnathostomiasis in wild boars from japan. | gnathostoma doloresi, a nematode parasite producing ulcerative and/or granulomatous lesions in the gastric wall of domestic pigs and wild boars (sus scrofa leucomystax) throughout southeastern asia, is an important zoonosis causing cutaneous larva migrans in humans. patients infected with g. doloresi have been found yearly in the vicinity of miyazaki prefecture, japan. adult nematodes were found in 31 of 32 wild boars captured at two different geographic locations in the prefecture, a location i ... | 1998 | 9476238 |
| fourier-transform raman spectra of ivory. iii: identification of mammalian specimens. | the ft-raman spectra of six mammalian ivories, other than elephant and mammoth, are presented and spectral differences formulated into a protocol for the identification of animal species from the ivory samples. in this study, sperm whale, walrus, wart hog, narwhal, hippopotamus and domestic pig are considered. the results, which are obtained non-destructively from a variety of specimens, suggest that ft-raman spectroscopy provides a potentially useful method for the identification of mammalian i ... | 1997 | 9477579 |
| gasless videoendoscopic implantation of aortobifemoral vascular prostheses via transperitoneal versus extraperitoneal approach in an animal model. | the goal of this acute experimental study was to demonstrate the practicability and reproducibility of aortobifemoral bifurcational prosthesis implantations via either a transperitoneal or extraperitoneal approach using gasless videoendoscopic instrumentation. the endoscopically sutured end-to-side aortic anastomoses were also examined for fluid tightness. | 1998 | 9479728 |
| from babirusa (babyrousa babyrussa) to domestic pig: the nutrition of swine. | | 1997 | 9483666 |
| the therapeutic effect of c1-inhibitor on gut-derived bacterial translocation after thermal injury. | to test the effects of c1-esterase inhibitor in scald burns on bacterial translocation and intestinal damage, standardized deep partial-thickness burns were inflicted on domestic pigs, scalding 30% of the skin surface for 25 s with 75 degrees c hot water. the animals (n = 17; weight 25-35 kg) were divided into three groups: i) the control group (n = 5) without scald burn; ii) the group (n = 6) with scald burn; and iii) the group with c1-inhibitor (n = 6): scald burn and treatment with c1-inhibit ... | 1998 | 9488254 |
| percutaneous retroperitoneal splenorenal shunt: an experimental study in swine. | to evaluate the technical possibility of creating a percutaneous retroperitoneal splenorenal shunt (press) in swine as a minimally invasive treatment of portal hypertension. | 1998 | 9494504 |
| the public health risks associated with wild and feral swine. | wild swine populations (sus scrofa) are present in many regions of the world. large feral populations in north america and australia are principally derived from introduced domestic pigs. in europe, most wild boar are found in germany and poland. while wild swine are certainly a significant reservoir of infection for domestic swine diseases (for example, african swine fever virus in wild boar in sardinia), these swine generally do not constitute a major public health risk. brucella suis infectio ... | 1997 | 9501373 |
| animal models: nutrition and lipoprotein metabolism. | despite limitations, animal models continue to provide insight into the etiology of atherosclerosis. hamsters, guinea-pigs, and domesticated pigs are being used more frequently to address the biochemical bases for the effects of dietary lipids on cholesterol metabolism. | 1998 | 9502327 |
| evaluation of mechanism of increased intracranial pressure with insufflation. | previous studies have documented an increase in intracranial pressure with abdominal insufflation, but the mechanism has not been explained. | 1998 | 9502709 |