| a frameshift variant in the eda gene in dachshunds with x-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. | x-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (xlhed) is a genetic disease characterized by hypoplasia or absence of hair, teeth and sweat glands. the eda gene, located on the x chromosome, encodes the type ii transmembrane protein ectodysplasin a. variants in the eda gene can lead to xlhed in humans, mice, cattle and dogs. in the present study, we investigated a litter of dachshund puppies, of which four male puppies showed clinical signs of xlhed. we performed a candidate gene analysis in one aff ... | 2018 | 30276836 |
| tracking a half century of media reporting on gray wolves. | natural resource and wildlife managers must balance the disparate priorities of a diversity of stakeholders. to manage these priorities, a firm understanding of topics salient to the public is needed. the media often report on issues of importance to the public; therefore, these reports may be a useful measure of public interest. however, efficient methods for distinguishing diverse topics related to a wildlife management issue reported in the media and changes in the salience of those topics ha ... | 2019 | 30259575 |
| multiple anthropogenic interventions drive puma survival following wolf recovery in the greater yellowstone ecosystem. | humans are primary drivers of declining abundances and extirpation of large carnivores worldwide. management interventions to restore biodiversity patterns, however, include carnivore reintroductions, despite the many unresolved ecological consequences associated with such efforts. using multistate capture-mark-recapture models, we explored age-specific survival and cause-specific mortality rates for 134 pumas (puma concolor) monitored in the greater yellowstone ecosystem during gray wolf (canis ... | 2018 | 30073082 |
| biotic and abiotic factors shape the microbiota of wild-caught populations of the arbovirus vector culicoides imicola. | biting midges of the genus culicoides are known vectors of arboviruses affecting human and animal health. however, little is known about culicoides imicola microbiota and its influence on this insect's biology. in this study, the impact of biotic and abiotic factors on c. imicola microbiota was characterized using shotgun-metagenomic sequencing of whole-body dna samples. wild-caught c. imicola adult nulliparous females were sampled in two locations from sicily, italy. the climatic variables of t ... | 2018 | 30058755 |
| wolf (canis lupus) hybrids highlight the importance of human-directed play behavior during domestication of dogs (canis familiaris). | the domestication of animals and plants offers an exceptional opportunity to study evolutionary adaptations. in particular, domesticated animals display several behavioral alterations, including increased sociability and decreased fearfulness and aggression, when compared with their wild ancestors. however, studies quantifying simultaneous changes in multiple behaviors during domestication are lacking. moreover, the role of human-directed play behavior has been largely neglected when studying th ... | 2018 | 30024237 |
| first identification of echinococcus multilocularis in golden jackals in croatia. | alveolar echinococcosis, caused by the tapeworm echinococcus multilocularis, is one of the world's most dangerous zoonosis and an emerging disease with growing incidence in humans. the disease has been reported in new areas and host species in the last two decades, and the primary hosts of the parasite - red fox, golden jackal and grey wolf - are expanding their distribution in europe. here we report the morphological and molecular identification of echinococcus multilocularis tapeworms in one o ... | 2018 | 29975650 |
| a missense mutation in the vacuolar protein sorting 11 (vps11) gene is associated with neuroaxonal dystrophy in rottweiler dogs. | canine neuroaxonal dystrophy (nad) is a recessive, degenerative neurological disease of young adult rottweiler dogs (canis lupus familiaris) characterized pathologically by axonal spheroids primarily targeting sensory axon terminals. a genome-wide association study of seven rottweilers affected with nad and 42 controls revealed a significantly associated region on canine chromosome 5 (cfa 5). homozygosity within the associated region narrowed the critical interval to a 4.46 mb haplotype (cfa5:11 ... | 2018 | 29945969 |
| a serological survey of anthrax in domestic dogs in zimbabwe: a potential tool for anthrax surveillance. | anthrax is an important disease caused by the bacterium bacillus anthracis affecting both domestic and wild animals at the wildlife/livestock interface, defined here as a physical space in which wild and domestic species overlap in range and potentially interact. in endemic regions, sporadic anthrax outbreaks occur, causing significant deaths of both wildlife and livestock and sporadically, humans. however, it may also occur as isolated outbreaks with a few animals affected. such isolated anthra ... | 2018 | 29898801 |
| a case of prototheca zopfii genotype 1 infection in a dog (canis lupus familiaris). | protothecosis is a rare disease caused by environmental algae of the genus prototheca. these are saprophytic, non-photosynthetic, aerobic, colorless algae that belong to the chlorellaceae family. seven different species have been described. prototheca zopfii genotype 2 and p. wickerhamii are most commonly involved in pathogenic infections in humans and animals. the objective of this work is to describe, for the first time, a case of protothecosis caused by p. zopfii genotype 1 in a dog. the dog, ... | 2018 | 29872935 |
| effects of preservation method on canine (canis lupus familiaris) fecal microbiota. | studies involving gut microbiome analysis play an increasing role in the evaluation of health and disease in humans and animals alike. fecal sampling methods for dna preservation in laboratory, clinical, and field settings can greatly influence inferences of microbial composition and diversity, but are often inconsistent and under-investigated between studies. many laboratories have utilized either temperature control or preservation buffers for optimization of dna preservation, but few studies ... | 2018 | 29844978 |
| leishmania in wolves in northern spain: a spreading zoonosis evidenced by wildlife sanitary surveillance. | leishmaniosis is, to date, considered the second most important emerging vector-borne protozoal disease in the world after malaria. the form of zoonotic visceral leishmaniosis found in the mediterranean basin is caused by leishmania infantum, and its life cycle includes the domestic dog and a phlebotomine sandfly vector. this complex epidemiological cycle and its high prevalence of subclinical infection, hinder the surveillance and control of l. infantum, and allows it to go unnoticed at the geo ... | 2018 | 29773132 |
| a nonsense variant in the acadvl gene in german hunting terriers with exercise induced metabolic myopathy. | several enzymes are involved in fatty acid oxidation, which is a key process in mitochondrial energy production. inherited defects affecting any step of fatty acid oxidation can result in clinical disease. we present here an extended family of german hunting terriers with 10 dogs affected by clinical signs of exercise induced weakness, muscle pain, and suspected rhabdomyolysis. the combination of clinical signs, muscle histopathology and acylcarnitine analysis with an elevated tetradecenoylcarni ... | 2018 | 29491033 |
| dynamics of male canine germ cell development. | primordial germ cells (pgcs) are precursors of gametes that can generate new individuals throughout life in both males and females. additionally, pgcs have been shown to differentiate into embryonic germ cells (egcs) after in vitro culture. most studies investigating germinative cells have been performed in rodents and humans but not dogs (canis lupus familiaris). here, we elucidated the dynamics of the expression of pluripotent (pou5f1 and nanog), germline (ddx4, dazl and dppa3), and epigenetic ... | 2018 | 29489867 |
| gray wolf mortality patterns in wisconsin from 1979 to 2012. | starting in the 1970s, many populations of large-bodied mammalian carnivores began to recover from centuries of human-caused eradication and habitat destruction. the recovery of several such populations has since slowed or reversed due to mortality caused by humans. illegal killing (poaching) is a primary cause of death in many carnivore populations. law enforcement agencies face difficulties in preventing poaching and scientists face challenges in measuring it. both challenges are exacerbated w ... | 2017 | 29674782 |
| genomes of pleistocene siberian wolves uncover multiple extinct wolf lineages. | extant canis lupus genetic diversity can be grouped into three phylogenetically distinct clades: eurasian and american wolves and domestic dogs.1 genetic studies have suggested these groups trace their origins to a wolf population that expanded during the last glacial maximum (lgm)1-3 and replaced local wolf populations.4 moreover, ancient genomes from the yana basin and the taimyr peninsula provided evidence of at least one extinct wolf lineage that dwelled in siberia during the pleistocene.35 ... | 2020 | 33125870 |
| forecasting spread of covid-19 using google trends: a hybrid gwo-deep learning approach. | the recent outbreak of covid-19 has brought the entire world to a standstill. the rapid pace at which the virus has spread across the world is unprecedented. the sheer number of infected cases and fatalities in such a short period of time has overwhelmed medical facilities across the globe. the rapid pace of the spread of the novel coronavirus makes it imperative that its' spread be forecasted well in advance in order to plan for eventualities. an accurate early forecasting of the number of case ... | 2020 | 33110297 |
| amended gwo approach based multi-machine power system stability enhancement. | the conception of electromechanical oscillations initiates in the power network when there is an installation of the generator in parallel with the existent one. further, the interconnection of multiple areas, extension in transmission, capricious load characteristics, etc. causes low-frequency oscillations in the consolidated power network. this paper proposes variants of a booming population-based grey wolf optimization (gwo) algorithm in the tuning of power system stabilizer parameters of a m ... | 2020 | 33092864 |
| multiple factors influence local perceptions of snow leopards and himalayan wolves in the central himalayas, nepal. | an understanding of local perceptions of carnivores is important for conservation and management planning. in the central himalayas, nepal, we interviewed 428 individuals from 85 settlements using a semi-structured questionnaire to quantitatively assess local perceptions and tolerance of snow leopards and wolves. we used generalized linear mixed effect models to assess influential factors, and found that tolerance of snow leopards was much higher than of wolves. interestingly, having experienced ... | 2020 | 33088621 |
| nucleolin as a potential biomarker for canine malignant neoplasia. | human nucleolin (ncl) is a multifunctional protein that is involved in diverse pathological processes. recent evidences have shown that ncl is markedly overexpressed on the surface of most human cancer cells when compared to normal cells, being overexpressed in several malignant cells. based on the exposed, the purpose of this pilot study is to investigate the expression pattern of ncl in canine malignant neoplasia and control groups. ncl expression at both messenger rna and protein levels in th ... | 2020 | 33077166 |
| an evaluation of different bio-inspired feature selection techniques on multivariate calibration models in spectroscopy. | herein, two new swarm intelligence based algorithms namely; grey wolf optimization (gwo) and antlion optimization (alo) algorithms were presented, for the first time, as variable selection tools in spectroscopic data analysis. in order to assess the performance of these algorithms, they were applied along with the recently introduced firefly algorithm (ffa) and the well-established genetic algorithm (ga) and particle swarm optimization (pso) algorithm on four different spectroscopic datasets of ... | 2020 | 33065451 |
| community-level modelling of boreal forest mammal distribution in an oil sands landscape. | anthropogenic landscape disturbances are known to alter, destroy, and fragment habitat, which typically leads to biodiversity loss. the effects of landscape disturbance generally vary among species and depend on the nature of the disturbances, which may interact and result in synergistic effects. western canada's oil sands region experiences disturbances from forestry and energy sector activities as well as municipal and transportation infrastructure. the effects of those disturbances on single ... | 2020 | 33049527 |
| mh-covidnet: diagnosis of covid-19 using deep neural networks and meta-heuristic-based feature selection on x-ray images. | covid-19 is a disease that causes symptoms in the lungs and causes deaths around the world. studies are ongoing for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, which is defined as a pandemic. early diagnosis of this disease is important for human life. this process is progressing rapidly with diagnostic studies based on deep learning. therefore, to contribute to this field, a deep learning-based approach that can be used for early diagnosis of the disease is proposed in our study. in this appro ... | 2021 | 33042210 |
| identification of a non-host semiochemical from miniature pinscher, canis lupus familiaris, that repels rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (acari: ixodidae). | it is already known that the beagle breed of domestic dogs produces semiochemicals capable of repelling the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.). with a view to discovering new non-host semiochemicals as tick repellents, we compared the semiochemicals produced by a putative tick-resistant breed of dog, miniature pinscher, with known tick-resistant (beagle) and tick-susceptible (english cocker spaniel) breeds. two non-host compounds produced by beagles, i.e. 2-hexanone and b ... | 2020 | 33038704 |
| wild and domestic canids and their interactions in the transmission cycles of trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania spp. in an area of the brazilian cerrado. | trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania spp. are parasites that infect multiple hosts including canids, considered bioaccumulators of parasites. deforestation in the cerrado biome has resulted in the exposure of wild canids to anthropized areas, where they may establish ecological and epidemiological relationships with domestic dogs. we evaluated the infection by trypanosomatids in canids from a cerrado agroecosystem between 2013 and 2017. samples of wild canids (blood, bone marrow and skin) and dogs ( ... | 2020 | 33036238 |
| occurrence of the tetracycline resistance gene teta(p) in apennine wolves (canis lupus italicus) from different human-wildlife interfaces. | | 2020 | 33022422 |
| harnessing genomics to trace the path of a viral outbreak in african lions. | predicting the emergence of novel infectious diseases requires an understanding of how pathogens infect and efficiently spread in alternative naïve hosts. a pathogen's ability to adapt to a new host (i.e. host shift) oftentimes is constrained by host phylogeny, due to limits in the molecular mechanisms available to overcome host-specific immune defences (longdon et al., 2014). some pathogens, such as rna viruses, however, have a propensity to jump hosts due to rapid mutation rates. for example, ... | 2020 | 33012001 |
| quantitative proteomics of cerebrospinal fluid using tandem mass tags in dogs with recurrent epileptic seizures. | this prospective study included four dog groups (group a: healthy dogs, groups b: dogs with idiopathic epilepsy under antiepileptic medication (aem), c: idiopathic epilepsy dogs without aem administration, d: dogs with structural epilepsy). the purpose of the study was to compare the proteomic profile among the four groups. samples were analyzed by a quantitative tandem mass tags approach using a q-exactive-plus mass-spectrometer. identification and relative quantification were performed using p ... | 2020 | 33011347 |
| the effectiveness of conditioned aversion in wolves: insights from experimental tests. | it has been suggested that conditioned food aversion (cfa) could be a potential non-lethal intervention by which to deter attacks on livestock by large carnivores. cfa occurs when an animal associates the characteristics of a food with an illness, thus rejecting that food in subsequent encounters. cfa can be associated with an artificial odour during conditioning. despite the debate surrounding the use of this intervention, more studies evaluating the effectiveness of cfa are necessary. we exper ... | 2020 | 33011270 |
| effect of different starch sources in a raw meat-based diet on fecal microbiome in dogs housed in a shelter. | a dietary intervention study was assessed to determine if different sources of starch in homemade diets could significantly modify fecal microbiome of dogs. twenty-seven adult dogs were enrolled and fed a diet based on a mixture of rice and pasta with fresh raw meat (cd). after 90 d, 8 dogs continued to receive cd diet, 10 dogs received a diet made of a raw meat and a complementary food with rice as the main source of starch (b1), and 9 dogs were fed a diet with the same raw meat and a complemen ... | 2020 | 33005769 |
| dirofilaria immitis in wolves recolonizing northern italy: are wolves competent hosts? | wild carnivores such as the grey wolf (canis lupus), red fox (vulpes vulpes) and golden jackal (canis aureus) are recognized hosts of dirofilaria immitis. however, few studies have focused on their actual role in the epidemiology of heartworm infection. this study describes the prevalence and distribution of d. immitis in wolves in a heartworm-endemic area in northern italy where wolves have recently returned after long-time eradication, and investigates the fertility status of the collected adu ... | 2020 | 32962753 |
| venous hepatic segmentation in dogs (canis lupus familiaris-l. 1758). | the external shape of the liver is varied and determines specific vascular arrangements. this morphological relationship is important to establish hepatic segmentation in different species submitted to surgeries that aim to preserve a larger area of liver parenchyma. after observing 60 livers injected with neoprene latex and three plastic moulds obtained by corrosion, eight hepatic venous segments were identified, drained by six hepatic veins agrouped into segmental veins, which drained one sect ... | 2020 | 32960487 |
| an innovative excited-acs-idgwo algorithm for optimal biomedical data feature selection. | finding an optimal set of discriminative features is still a crucial but challenging task in biomedical science. the complexity of the task is intensified when any of the two scenarios arise: a highly dimensioned dataset and a small sample-sized dataset. the first scenario poses a big challenge to existing machine learning approaches since the search space for identifying the most relevant feature subset is so diverse to be explored quickly while utilizing minimal computational resources. on the ... | 2020 | 32908920 |
| whale optimization algorithm for multiconstraint second-order stochastic dominance portfolio optimization. | in the field of asset allocation, how to balance the returns of an investment portfolio and its fluctuations is the core issue. capital asset pricing model, arbitrage pricing theory, and fama-french three-factor model were used to quantify the price of individual stocks and portfolios. based on the second-order stochastic dominance rule, the higher moments of return series, the shannon entropy, and some other actual investment constraints, we construct a multiconstraint portfolio optimization mo ... | 2020 | 32908478 |
| lamb3 missense variant in australian shepherd dogs with junctional epidermolysis bullosa. | in a highly inbred australian shepherd litter, three of the five puppies developed widespread ulcers of the skin, footpads, and oral mucosa within the first weeks of life. histopathological examinations demonstrated clefting of the epidermis from the underlying dermis within or just below the basement membrane, which led to a tentative diagnosis of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (jeb) with autosomal recessive inheritance. endoscopy in one affected dog also demonstrated separation between the e ... | 2020 | 32906717 |
| molecular epidemiology of a fatal sarcoptic mange epidemic in endangered san joaquin kit foxes (vulpes macrotis mutica). | in 2013, sarcoptic mange, caused by sarcoptes scabiei mites, precipitated a catastrophic decline of the formerly stable urban population of endangered san joaquin kit foxes (vulpes macrotis mutica) in bakersfield, california, usa. in 2019, a smaller sarcoptic mange outbreak affected kit foxes 58 km southwest of bakersfield in the town of taft, california. to determine whether the taft outbreak could have occurred as spillover from the bakersfield outbreak and whether epidemic control efforts mus ... | 2020 | 32894172 |
| machine-learning strategies for testing patterns of morphological variation in small samples: sexual dimorphism in gray wolf (canis lupus) crania. | studies of mammalian sexual dimorphism have traditionally involved the measurement of selected dimensions of particular skeletal elements and use of single data-analysis procedures. consequently, such studies have been limited by a variety of both practical and conceptual constraints. to compare and contrast what might be gained from a more exploratory, multifactorial approach to the quantitative assessment of form-variation, images of a small sample of modern israeli gray wolf (canis lupus) cra ... | 2020 | 32883273 |
| hybrid harris hawks optimization with cuckoo search for drug design and discovery in chemoinformatics. | one of the major drawbacks of cheminformatics is a large amount of information present in the datasets. in the majority of cases, this information contains redundant instances that affect the analysis of similarity measurements with respect to drug design and discovery. therefore, using classical methods such as the protein bank database and quantum mechanical calculations are insufficient owing to the dimensionality of search spaces. in this paper, we introduce a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm ... | 2020 | 32879410 |
| a wolf from gravettian site pavlov i, czech republic: approach to skull pathology. | describe pathological features on internal and external aspects of the skull of an ancient grey wolf. | 2020 | 32866768 |
| deep learning disease prediction model for use with intelligent robots. | deep learning applications with robotics contribute to massive challenges that are not addressed in machine learning. the present world is currently suffering from the covid-19 pandemic, and millions of lives are getting affected every day with extremely high death counts. early detection of the disease would provide an opportunity for proactive treatment to save lives, which is the primary research objective of this study. the proposed prediction model caters to this objective following a stepw ... | 2020 | 32834174 |
| bifidobacterium canis sp. nov., a novel member of the bifidobacterium pseudolongum phylogenetic group isolated from faeces of a dog (canis lupus f. familiaris). | a fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase-positive strain (gsd1fst) was isolated from a faecal sample of a 3 weeks old german shepherd dog. the closest related taxa to isolate gsd1fst based on results from the ezbiocloud database were bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis atcc 25527t, bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis dsm 10140t and bifidobacterium anseris lmg 30189t, belonging to the bifidobacterium pseudolongum phylogenetic group. the resulting 16s rrna gene identities (compared length of ... | 2020 | 32804603 |
| forensic validation of a panel of 12 snps for identification of mongolian wolf and dog. | wolf (canis lupus) is a species included in appendices of cites and is often encountered in cases of alleged poaching and trafficking of their products. when such crimes are suspected, those involved may attempt to evade legal action by claiming that the animals involved are domestic dogs (c. l. familiaris). to respond effectively to such claims, law enforcement agencies require reliable and robust methods to distinguish wolves from dogs. reported molecular genetic methods are either unreliable ... | 2020 | 32764603 |
| genotyping-free parentage assignment using rad-seq reads. | parentage assignment is defined as the identification of the true parents of one focal offspring among a list of candidates and has been commonly used in zoological, ecological, and agricultural studies. although likelihood-based parentage assignment is the preferred method in most cases, it requires genotyping a predefined set of dna markers and providing their population allele frequencies. in the present study, we proposed an alternative method of parentage assignment that does not depend on ... | 2020 | 32760564 |
| large-scale patterns of seed removal by small mammals differ between areas of low- versus high-wolf occupancy. | because most tree species recruit from seeds, seed predation by small-mammal granivores may be important for determining plant distribution and regeneration in forests. despite the importance of seed predation, large-scale patterns of small-mammal granivory are often highly variable and thus difficult to predict. we hypothesize distributions of apex predators can create large-scale variation in the distribution and abundance of mesopredators that consume small mammals, creating predictable areas ... | 2020 | 32760518 |
| morphological and immunohistochemical description of a splenic haemangioma in a captive european wolf (canis lupus lupus) and a review of the current literature. | neoplastic diseases are rarely described in wild carnivores; only a few reports have been published on this topic. here, we describe the histological and immunohistochemical features of a haemangioma in the spleen of a grey wolf (canis lupus lupus) and we compare the results with the dog (canis lupus familiaris). additionally, we list the different publications found in the literature with neoplastic lesions in wolves. our results show similar immunohistochemical features to dogs, in which neopl ... | 2020 | 32756451 |
| covid-19 optimizer algorithm, modeling and controlling of coronavirus distribution process. | the emergence of novel covid-19 is causing an overload on public health sector and a high fatality rate. the key priority is to contain the epidemic and reduce the infection rate. it is imperative to stress on ensuring extreme social distancing of the entire population and hence slowing down the epidemic spread. so, there is a need for an efficient optimizer algorithm that can solve np-hard in addition to applied optimization problems. this article first proposes a novel covid-19 optimizer algor ... | 2020 | 32750974 |
| automatic eye blink artifact removal from eeg signal using wavelet transform with heuristically optimized threshold. | this paper proposes an automatic eyeblink artifacts removal method from corrupted-eeg signals using discrete wavelet transform (dwt) and meta-heuristically optimized threshold. the novel idea of thresholding approximation-coefficients (acs) instead of detail-coefficients (dcs) of dwt of eeg in a backward manner is proposed for the first time for the removal of eyeblink artifacts. eeg is very sensitive and easily gets affected by eyeblink artifacts. first, the eyeblink corrupted eeg signals are i ... | 2020 | 32750902 |
| retreat of large carnivores across the giant panda distribution range. | as both a flagship and umbrella species, the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) is one of the most heavily invested species in conservation. here, we report the wide distribution range retreat of the leopard (panthera pardus, 81% loss), snow leopard (p. uncia, 38%), wolf (canis lupus, 77%) and dhole (cuon alpinus, 95%) from protected areas in the giant panda distribution range since the 1960s. the present findings indicate the insufficiency of giant panda conservation for protecting these larg ... | 2020 | 32747773 |
| development of novel hybridized models for urban flood susceptibility mapping. | floods in urban environments often result in loss of life and destruction of property, with many negative socio-economic effects. however, the application of most flood prediction models still remains challenging due to data scarcity. this creates a need to develop novel hybridized models based on historical urban flood events, using, e.g., metaheuristic optimization algorithms and wavelet analysis. the hybridized models examined in this study (wavelet-svr-bat and wavelet-svr-gwo), designed as i ... | 2020 | 32737384 |
| dental pathology of the wild iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus): the study of a 20th century portuguese museum collection. | for some wild canids, such as the iberian wolf, there is a lack of in-depth knowledge about dental pathology. we aimed to evaluate it, in a standardized manner, in specimens from a portuguese museum collection. sixty-five deceased specimens of wild iberian wolves, 61 complete skulls and 4 mandibles, collected in portugal between 1977 and 1995, were analyzed. sample comprised 18 females, 24 males and 23 individuals of undetermined sex. teeth were evaluated by visual observation and dental radiogr ... | 2020 | 32734110 |
| molecular characterization of ascaridoid parasites from captive wild carnivores in china using ribosomal and mitochondrial sequences. | despite the public health importance of toxocariasis/toxascariasis, only a few species of these ascaridoid parasites from wild canine and feline carnivores have been studied at the molecular level so far. poor understanding of diversity, host distribution and the potential (zoonotic) transmission of the ascaridoid species among wild animals negatively affects their surveillance and control in natural settings. in this study, we updated previous knowledge by profiling the genetic diversity and ph ... | 2020 | 32727607 |
| combining stable isotopes, morphological, and molecular analyses to reconstruct the diet of free-ranging consumers. | accurate estimates of animal diet composition are essential to untangle complex interactions in food webs. biomarkers and molecular tools are increasingly used to estimate diet, sometimes alongside traditional dietary tracing methods. yet only a few empirical studies have compared the outcomes and potential gains of using a combination of these methods, especially using free-ranging animals with distinct foraging preferences.we used stable isotopes, morphological, and molecular analyses to inves ... | 2020 | 32724540 |
| multiple fgf4 retrocopies recently derived within canids. | two transcribed retrocopies of the fibroblast growth factor 4 (fgf4) gene have previously been described in the domestic dog. an fgf4 retrocopy on chr18 is associated with disproportionate dwarfism, while an fgf4 retrocopy on chr12 is associated with both disproportionate dwarfism and intervertebral disc disease (ivdd). in this study, whole-genome sequencing data were queried to identify other fgf4 retrocopies that could be contributing to phenotypic diversity in canids. additionally, dogs with ... | 2020 | 32717834 |
| enhancing electronic nose performance by feature selection using an improved grey wolf optimization based algorithm. | electronic nose is a kind of widely-used artificial olfactory system for the detection and classification of volatile organic compounds. the high dimensionality of data collected by electronic noses can hinder the process of pattern recognition. thus, the feature selection is an essential stage in building a robust and accurate model for gas recognition. this paper proposed an improved grey wolf optimizer (gwo) based algorithm for feature selection and applied it on electronic nose data for the ... | 2020 | 32707788 |
| sparse-fcm and deep convolutional neural network for the segmentation and classification of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. | leukaemia detection and diagnosis in advance is the trending topic in the medical applications for reducing the death toll of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (all). for the detection of all, it is essential to analyse the white blood cells (wbcs) for which the blood smear images are employed. this paper proposes a new technique for the segmentation and classification of the acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. the proposed method of automatic leukaemia detection is based on the deep convol ... | 2020 | 32706747 |
| a new method based on ceemd combined with iterative feature reduction for aided diagnosis of epileptic eeg. | in the clinical diagnosis of epileptic diseases, the intelligent diagnosis of epileptic electroencephalogram (eeg) signals has become a research focus in the field of brain diseases. in order to solve the problem of time-consuming and easily influenced by human subjective factors, artificial intelligence pattern recognition algorithm has been applied to eeg signals recognition. however, at present, the common empirical mode decomposition (emd) signal decomposition algorithm does not consider the ... | 2020 | 32695761 |
| genomic evidence for the old divergence of southern european wolf populations. | the grey wolf (canis lupus) is one of the most widely distributed mammals in which a variety of distinct populations have been described. however, given their currently fragmented distribution and recent history of human-induced population decline, little is known about the events that led to their differentiation. based on the analysis of whole canid genomes, we examined the divergence times between southern european wolf populations and their ancient demographic history. we found that all pres ... | 2020 | 32693716 |
| selective breeding in domestic dogs: how selecting for a short face impacted canine neuroanatomy. | the range of cranial morphology seen in domestic dogs (canis lupus familiaris) is a direct result of thousands of years of selective breeding. this article is the first to investigate how selection for reduced faces in brachycephalic dogs impacted the neuroanatomy of the canine brain through the analysis of endocasts. previous research has demonstrated global effects on the shape of the bony cranium as the result of these breeding practices; however, these studies have largely focused on the bon ... | 2020 | 32686330 |
| identification of tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from wild animals in turkey. | many enzootic life cycles involving wild animals and non-nidicolous ixodids are still unknown. therefore, the aim of this study was to report the identified tick species collected from seven different animal species (red deer, brown bear, gray wolf, eurasian lynx, red fox, european hare, and mediterranean spur-thighed tortoise) living in the wild in turkey and to investigate the presence of a wide range of tick-borne microorganisms in the tick samples obtained from these animals. the collected t ... | 2020 | 32683558 |
| gwovina: a grey wolf optimization approach to rigid and flexible receptor docking. | protein-ligand docking programs are indispensable tools for predicting the binding pose of a ligand to the receptor protein. in this paper, we introduce an efficient flexible docking method, gwovina, which is a variant of the vina implementation using the grey wolf optimizer (gwo) and random walk for the global search, and the dunbrack rotamer library for side-chain sampling. the new method was validated for rigid and flexible-receptor docking using four independent datasets. in rigid docking, g ... | 2020 | 32679606 |
| design optimization of orbital angular momentum fibers using the gray wolf optimizer. | optical data communication based on the orbital angular momentum (oam) of light is a recently proposed method to enhance the transmission capacity of optical fibers. this requires a new type of optical fiber, the main part of the optical communication system, to be designed. typically, these fibers have a ring-shaped refractive index profile. we aim to find an optimized cross section refractive index profile for an oam fiber in which the number of supported oam modes (channels), mode purity, and ... | 2020 | 32672766 |
| ontological model of multi-agent smart-system for predicting drug properties based on modified algorithms of artificial immune systems. | currently, due to the huge progress in the field of information technologies and computer equipment, it is important to use modern approaches of artificial intelligence in order to process extensive chemical information at creating new drugs with desired properties. the interdisciplinary of research creates additional difficulties in creating new drugs. currently, there are no universal algorithms and software for predicting the "structure-property" dependence of drug compounds that can take int ... | 2020 | 32669115 |
| a scan for genes associated with cancer mortality and longevity in pedigree dog breeds. | selective breeding of the domestic dog (canis lupus familiaris) rigidly retains desirable features, and could inadvertently fix disease-causing variants within a breed. we combine phenotypic data from > 72,000 dogs with a large genotypic dataset to search for genes associated with cancer mortality and longevity in pedigree dog breeds. we validated previous findings that breeds with higher average body weight have higher cancer mortality rates and lower life expectancy. we identified a significan ... | 2020 | 32661568 |
| inter-individual distance in different captive packs of iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus): management applications. | there is a tendency for the wolves of a pack to stay together assuming that there is a social bond between the pack members. a rough estimate of the strength of this bond can be obtained by measuring the distances between pack members. the aim of this study was to determine the inter-individual distance by calculating the euclidian distance to determine the iberian wolf cohesion in different pack compositions. the study subjects were seven captive iberian wolves (canis lupus signatus) housed at ... | 2020 | 32660289 |
| mitochondrial pck2 missense variant in shetland sheepdogs with paroxysmal exercise-induced dyskinesia (ped). | four female shetland sheepdogs with hypertonic paroxysmal dyskinesia, mainly triggered by exercise and stress, were investigated in a retrospective multi-center investigation aiming to characterize the clinical phenotype and its underlying molecular etiology. three dogs were closely related and their pedigree suggested autosomal dominant inheritance. laboratory diagnostic findings included mild lactic acidosis and lactaturia, mild intermittent serum creatine kinase (ck) elevation and hypoglycemi ... | 2020 | 32660061 |
| does harvest affect genetic diversity in grey wolves? | harvest can affect vital rates such as reproduction and survival, but also genetic measures of individual and population health. grey wolves (canis lupus) live and breed in groups, and effective population size is a small fraction of total abundance. as a result, genetic diversity of wolves may be particularly sensitive to harvest. we evaluated how harvest affected genetic diversity and relatedness in wolves. we hypothesized that harvest would (a) reduce relatedness of individuals within groups ... | 2020 | 32657476 |
| analysis of high-dimensional genomic data using mapreduce based probabilistic neural network. | the size of genomics data has been growing rapidly over the last decade. however, the conventional data analysis techniques are incapable of processing this huge amount of data. for the efficient processing of high dimensional datasets, it is essential to develop some new parallel methods. | 2020 | 32650089 |
| immunohistochemical assessment of immune response in the dermis of sarcoptes scabiei-infested wild carnivores (wolf and fox) and ruminants (chamois and red deer). | sarcoptic mange is caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei and has been described in several species of domestic and wild mammals. macroscopic lesions are predominantly hyperkeratotic (type i hypersensitivity) in fox, chamois and deer, but alopecic (type iv hypersensitivity) in wolf and some fox populations. to begin to understand the immune processes underlying these species differences in lesions, we examined skin biopsies from wolves (canis lupus), foxes (vulpes vulpes), chamois (rupicapra rupic ... | 2020 | 32640758 |
| brain weight predicts yawn duration across domesticated dog breeds. | previous research shows that yawning enhances intracranial circulation and regulates brain temperature. consistent with these functional outcomes, yawn duration correlates positively with interspecies variation in brain weight across mammals, with robust relationships documented at both the taxonomic rank of class and the more restricted scale of family (e.g., felidae). this study provides the first investigation into whether differences in brain weight within a single species, domesticated dogs ... | 2020 | 32617088 |
| volunteer based approach to dog vaccination campaigns to eliminate human rabies: lessons from laikipia county, kenya. | an estimated 59,000 people die from rabies annually, with 99% of those deaths attributable to bites from domestic dogs (canis lupus familiaris). this preventable neglected tropical disease has a large impact across continental africa, especially for rural populations living in close contact with livestock and wildlife. mass vaccinations of domestic dogs are effective at eliminating rabies but require large amounts of resources, planning, and political will to implement. grassroots campaigns prov ... | 2020 | 32614827 |
| ecological forecasts reveal limitations of common model selection methods: predicting changes in beaver colony densities. | over the past two decades, there have been numerous calls to make ecology a more predictive science through direct empirical assessments of ecological models and predictions. while the widespread use of model selection using information criteria has pushed ecology toward placing a higher emphasis on prediction, few attempts have been made to validate the ability of information criteria to correctly identify the most parsimonious model with the greatest predictive accuracy. here, we used an ecolo ... | 2020 | 32583507 |
| virome of crab-eating (cerdocyon thous) and pampas foxes (lycalopex gymnocercus) from southern brazil and uruguay. | crab-eating (cerdocyon thous) and pampas foxes (lycalopex gymnocercus) are wild canids distributed in south america. domestic dogs (canis lupus familiaris) and wild canids may share viral pathogens, including rabies virus (rabv), canine distemper virus (cdv), and canine parvovirus 2 (cpv-2). to characterize the virome of these wild canid species, the present work evaluated the spleen and mesenteric lymph node virome of 17 crab-eating and five pampas foxes using high-throughput sequencing (hts). ... | 2020 | 32580027 |
| phylogenetic and geospatial evidence of canine parvovirus transmission between wild dogs and domestic dogs at the urban fringe in australia. | canine parvovirus (cpv) is an important cause of disease in domestic dogs. sporadic cases and outbreaks occur across australia and worldwide and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. whether transmission of cpv occurs between owned dogs and populations of wild dogs, including canis familiaris, canis lupus dingo and hybrids, is not known. to investigate the role of wild dogs in cpv epidemiology in australia, pcr was used to detect cpv dna in tissue from wild dogs culled in the peri-ur ... | 2020 | 32575609 |
| spatial prediction of landslide susceptibility using hybrid support vector regression (svr) and the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (anfis) with various metaheuristic algorithms. | landslides are natural and sometimes quasi-natural hazards that are destructive to natural resources and cause loss of human life every year. hence, preparing susceptibility maps for landslide monitoring is essential to minimizing their negative effects. the main aim of the current research was to develop landslide susceptibility maps for icheon township, south korea, using hybrid machin learning and metaheuristic algorithms, that is, the bee algorithm (bee), the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference s ... | 2020 | 32574917 |
| [computed tomography based elbow joint morphology and incidence of elbow dysplasia in the red fox (vulpes vulpes)]. | elbow dysplasia (ed) is a common developmental disease of the canine elbow joint and one of the most frequent causes of forelimb lameness in domestic dogs (canis lupus familiaris). ed is predominantly present in medium to large breed dogs, but has also been described in mixed breed dogs and smaller breeds. in the literature, no information is available concerning the existence of ed in wildlife species. the purpose of the present study was to obtain an overview of the elbow joint anatomy of the ... | 2020 | 32557493 |
| seasonal and annual fluctuations of deer populations estimated by a bayesian state-space model. | deer overabundance is a contributing factor in the degradation of plant communities and ecosystems worldwide. the management and conservation of the deer-affected ecosystems requires us to urgently grasp deer population trends and to identify the factors that affect them. in this study, we developed a bayesian state-space model to estimate the population dynamics of sika deer (cervus nippon) in a cool-temperate forest in japan, where wolves (canis lupus hodophilax) are extinct. the model was bas ... | 2020 | 32555639 |
| wolf habitat selection when sympatric or allopatric with brown bears in scandinavia. | habitat selection of animals depends on factors such as food availability, landscape features, and intra- and interspecific interactions. individuals can show several behavioral responses to reduce competition for habitat, yet the mechanisms that drive them are poorly understood. this is particularly true for large carnivores, whose fine-scale monitoring is logistically complex and expensive. in scandinavia, the home-range establishment and kill rates of gray wolves (canis lupus) are affected by ... | 2020 | 32555291 |
| a non-linear model predictive control based on grey-wolf optimization using least-square support vector machine for product concentration control in l-lysine fermentation. | l-lysine is produced by a complex non-linear fermentation process. a non-linear model predictive control (nmpc) scheme is proposed to control product concentration in real time for enhancing production. however, product concentration cannot be directly measured in real time. least-square support vector machine (lssvm) is used to predict product concentration in real time. grey-wolf optimization (gwo) algorithm is used to optimize the key model parameters (penalty factor and kernel width) of lssv ... | 2020 | 32545372 |
| a third mlph variant causing coat color dilution in dogs. | altered melanosome transport in melanocytes, resulting from variants in the melanophilin (mlph) gene, are associated with inherited forms of coat color dilution in many species. in dogs, the mlph gene corresponds to the d locus and two variants, c.-22g > a (d1) and c.705g > c (d2), leading to the dilution of coat color, as described. here, we describe the independent investigations of dogs whose coat color dilution could not be explained by known variants, and who report a third mlph variant, (c ... | 2020 | 32531980 |
| novel brown coat color (cocoa) in french bulldogs results from a nonsense variant in hps3. | brown or chocolate coat color in many mammalian species is frequently due to variants at the b locus or tyrp1 gene. in dogs, five different tyrp1 loss-of-function alleles have been described, which explain the vast majority of dogs with brown coat color. recently, breeders and genetic testing laboratories identified brown french bulldogs that did not carry any of the known mutant tyrp1 alleles. we sequenced the genome of a tyrp1+/+ brown french bulldog and compared the data to 655 other canine g ... | 2020 | 32526956 |
| goats follow human pointing gestures in an object choice task. | dogs (canis lupus familiaris) are extremely adept in interpreting human-given cues, such as the pointing gesture. however, the underlying mechanisms on how domestic non-companion species use these cues are not well understood. we investigated the use of human-given pointing gestures by goats (capra hircus) in an object choice task, where an experimenter surreptitiously hid food in one of two buckets. subjects first had to pass a pre-test where the experimenter indicated the location of the food ... | 2020 | 32508719 |
| a morphological and morphometric dental analysis as a forensic tool to identify the iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus). | depredation by the iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus) is currently thought to be a problem in some areas of spain. however, there are few technically validated forensic tools available to determine the veracity of claims with a high degree of scientific confidence, which is important given that such attacks may lead to compensation. the analysis of bite marks on attacked animals could provide scientific evidence to help identify the offender. thus, the aim of this study was to assess the morpho ... | 2020 | 32503347 |
| first report of thelazia callipaeda in a free-ranging iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus) from spain. | thelazia callipaeda (spirurida, thelaziidae) is a vector-borne zoonotic eyeworm able to infect a broad spectrum of carnivores. here, we describe the first case of bilateral infection by t. callipaeda in the eyes of an adult female iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus) in central spain. nematodes collected were morphologically identified (n = 42), and two specimens were molecularly characterized. at the sequence analysis of the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene, t. callipaed ... | 2020 | 32488623 |
| genetic variants affecting skeletal morphology in domestic dogs. | purebred dog breeds provide a powerful resource for the discovery of genetic variants affecting skeletal morphology. domesticated and subsequently purebred dogs have undergone strong artificial selection for a broad range of skeletal variation, which include both the size and shapes of their bones. while the phenotypic variation between breeds is high, within-breed morphological variation is typically low. approaches for defining genetic variants associated with canine morphology include quantit ... | 2020 | 32487495 |
| alterations to vestibular morphology in highly bred domestic dogs may affect balance. | the modern domestic dog (canis lupus familiaris) provides an excellent model to examine the effects of cranial modification. extreme variation in skull length among dog breeds due to high levels of selective breeding is known to be linked to disorders of the head and neck. such alteration may also influence sensory organs including those of the vestibular system (vs), one of the most fundamental sense organs, essential in maintaining balance. studies in mammals have shown that orientation of ips ... | 2020 | 32478937 |
| "forever young"-postnatal growth inhibition of the turbinal skeleton in brachycephalic dog breeds (canis lupus familiaris). | in short snouted (brachycephalic) dogs (canis lupus familiaris), several genetic mutations cause postnatal growth inhibition of the viscerocranium. thus, for example, the pug keeps a snub nose like that observed in neonate dogs in general. however, little is known how far intranasal structures like the turbinal skeleton are also affected. in the present study, we provide the first detailed morphological and morphometric analyses on the turbinal skeleton of pug, japanese chin, pekingese, king cha ... | 2020 | 32462796 |
| designing a mixed multilayer wavelet neural network for solving eri inversion problem with massive amounts of data: a hybrid stgwo-gd learning approach. | this study aims to develop a novel wavelet neural-network (wnn) model for solving electrical resistivity imaging (eri) inversion with massive amounts of measured data in control and measurement fields. in the proposed method, we design a mixed multilayer wnn (mmwnn) which uses morlet and mexican wavelons as different activation functions in a cascaded hidden layer structure. meanwhile, a hybrid stgwo-gd learning approach is used to improve the learning ability of the mmwnn, which is a combinatio ... | 2020 | 32452787 |
| spatial variation in diet-microbe associations across populations of a generalist north american carnivore. | generalist species, by definition, exhibit variation in niche attributes that promote survival in changing environments. increasingly, phenotypes previously associated with a species, particularly those with wide or expanding ranges, are dissolving and compelling greater emphasis on population-level characteristics. in the present study, we assessed spatial variation in diet characteristics, gut microbiome and associations between these two ecological traits across populations of coyotes canis l ... | 2020 | 32445202 |
| artificial intelligence models versus empirical equations for modeling monthly reference evapotranspiration. | accurate estimation of reference evapotranspiration (eto) is profoundly crucial in crop modeling, sustainable management, hydrological water simulation, and irrigation scheduling, since it accounts for more than two-thirds of global precipitation losses. therefore, eto-based estimation is a major concern in the hydrological cycle. the estimation of eto can be determined using various methods, including field measurement (the scale of the lysimeter), experimental methods, and mathematical equatio ... | 2020 | 32445152 |
| relaxed predation theory: size, sex and brains matter. | australia's wildlife is being considerably impacted by introduced mammalian predators such as cats (felis catus), dogs (canis lupus familiaris), and foxes (vulpes vulpes). this is often attributed to native wildlife being naïve to these introduced predators. a systematic review of the literature reveals that native metatherians (body mass range 0.02-25 kg) do not recognise, and show relaxed antipredator behaviours towards, native and some introduced mammalian predators. native eutherians (all wi ... | 2020 | 32441454 |
| public perspectives and media reporting of wolf reintroduction in colorado. | in the state of colorado, a citizen ballot initiative to reintroduce gray wolves (canis lupus) is eliciting polarization and conflict among multiple stakeholder and interest groups. given this complex social landscape, we examined the social context surrounding wolf reintroduction in colorado as of 2019. we used an online survey of 734 coloradans representative in terms of age and gender, and we sampled from different regions across the state, to examine public beliefs and attitudes related to w ... | 2020 | 32435536 |
| robust electrical parameter extraction methodology based on interior search optimization algorithm applied to supercapacitor. | supercapacitor (sc) is completely valuable as an energy storage device for different applications such as electric vehicles and hybrid renewable systems. a simple sc model that composed of series rc circuit is insufficient to precisely characterize its dynamic performance. consequently, an accurate mathematical model must be created for reliable and safe operation of sc. the equivalent circuit model that contains three rc branches, immediate, delayed and long is considered, the first branch incl ... | 2020 | 32423615 |
| an ecological framework for contextualizing carnivore-livestock conflict. | carnivore predation on livestock is a complex management and policy challenge, yet it is also intrinsically an ecological interaction between predators and prey. human-wildlife interactions occur in socioecological systems in which human and environmental processes are closely linked. however, underlying human-wildlife conflict and key to unpacking its complexity are concrete and identifiable ecological mechanisms that lead to predation events. to better understand how ecological theory accords ... | 2020 | 32406970 |
| effects of scent lure on camera trap detections vary across mammalian predator and prey species. | camera traps are a unique survey tool used to monitor a wide variety of mammal species. camera trap (ct) data can be used to estimate animal distribution, density, and behaviour. attractants, such as scent lures, are often used in an effort to increase ct detections; however, the degree which the effects of attractants vary across species is not well understood. we investigated the effects of scent lure on mammal detections by comparing detection rates between 404 lured and 440 unlured ct statio ... | 2020 | 32396558 |
| an information-theory approach to geometry for animal groups. | one of the hardest problems in studying animal behaviour is to quantify patterns of social interaction at the group level. recent technological developments in global positioning system (gps) devices have opened up new avenues for locating animals with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. likewise, advances in computing power have enabled new levels of data analyses with complex mathematical models to address unresolved problems in animal behaviour, such as the nature of group geometry ... | 2020 | 32385570 |
| hair as an alternative noninvasive matrix: sources of variation in testosterone levels. | hair is one widely used alternative matrix for endocrine studies. not only can it maintain hormone content during storage for long periods of time, but its collection also induces little to no stress. noninvasive techniques have broadened the opportunities for endocrine research, particularly regarding wild animals. despite its advantages, many sources of variation may affect the steroid concentration found in hair, such as body location harvested, fur color, reproductive status, and sex. thus, ... | 2020 | 32361421 |
| urinary proteome and metabolome in dogs (canis lupus familiaris): the effect of chronic kidney disease. | chronic kidney disease (ckd) is a progressive and irreversible disease. although urine is an ideal biological sample for proteomics and metabolomics studies, sensitive and specific biomarkers are currently lacking in dogs. this study characterised dog urine proteome and metabolome aiming to identify and possibly quantify putative biomarkers of ckd in dogs. twenty-two healthy dogs and 28 dogs with spontaneous ckd were selected and urine samples were collected. urinary proteome was separated by sd ... | 2020 | 32335294 |
| investigating the genetic and environmental architecture of interpack aggression in north american grey wolves. | aggression confers several fitness benefits including increased breeding opportunities and resource acquisition. determining the relative contributions of genetic and environmental components to shaping aggression is essential for advancing our understanding of how selection affects the distribution of aggressive phenotypes in a population. in a from the cover article in this issue of molecular ecology, vonholdt et al. (2020) used rad-seq methods to obtain genome-wide single nucleotide polymorph ... | 2020 | 32323884 |
| unconventional diets and nutritional supplements are more common in dogs with cancer compared to healthy dogs: an online global survey of 345 dog owners. | this survey aimed to investigate and compare diet type and supplement use between dogs (canis lupus familiaris, l.) with cancer and a population of owner-reported healthy dogs and to assess the sources of information dog owners consult. respondents were mainly from english-speaking countries. dogs were considered healthy (n = 213) if owners reported them to be in good health. dogs were included in the cancer group (n = 132) if the owner reported that their dog had been diagnosed with cancer. an ... | 2020 | 32304175 |
| the howl of rancho la brea: comparative anatomy of modern and fossil canid hyoid bones. | the rancho la brea (rlb) fossil collection housed at the la brea tar pits and museum in los angeles, california, is one of the richest collections of carnivoran fossils in the world. the collection is also particularly well known for the preservation of rare and understudied bones in the tar, including the small bony apparatus that is of particular interest to this study, the hyoid. the la brea collection houses hyoids from several extinct carnivoran species, some of the most common being those ... | 2020 | 32302429 |
| canine parvovirus and pseudorabies virus coinfection as a cause of death in a wolf (canis lupus) from southern italy. | pseudorabies virus (prv) or suid herpesvirus 1 (shv-1) is the causative agent of aujeszky's disease, a highly contagious viral infection which causes neurological fatal illness in mammals other than suids. here we report a case of a young wolf (canis lupus) of around 2 years found dead by a hunter in the province of avellino, campania region. necropsy showed pathological findings consistent with encephalitis and gastroenteritis. organs were analysed by microbiological and molecular investigation ... | 2020 | 32301259 |