| measurement of protease activity of live uronema marinun (ciliata: scuticociliatida) by fluorescence polarization. | the proteolytic activity of live uronema marinum was analyzed by a fluorescence polarization (fp) technique. protease activity was measured as a decrease in the fp value using fluorescein isothiocynate (fitc)-casein as a protein substrate. a time-dependent decrease in fp occurred in plate wells containing live u. marinum. supplementation with the cysteine protease inhibitor e-64 had no significant inhibitory effect on the decrease in fp at any of the concentrations used. in contrast, supplementa ... | 2003 | 12718476 |
| seasonal dynamics of endosymbiotic ciliates and nematodes in dreissena polymorpha. | we report the results of a two-year study in the svisloch river (minsk, belarus) on the dynamics of infection in dreissena polymorpha by nematodes and three ciliate species conchophthirus acuminatus, ophryoglena sp., and ancistrumina limnica. although these endosymbionts were present in most of the samples, their prevalence and infection intensity differed significantly. c. acuminatus and a. limnica infection intensities in both years of the study had a maximum in summer and were positively corr ... | 2003 | 12725815 |
| template-guided recombination for ies elimination and unscrambling of genes in stichotrichous ciliates. | the micronuclear versions of genes in stichotrichous ciliates are interrupted by multiple, short, non-coding dna segments called internal eliminated segments, or iess. iess divide a gene into macronuclear destined segments, or mdss. in some micronuclear genes mdss are in a scrambled disorder. during development of a micronucleus into a macronucleus after cell mating the iess are excised from micronuclear genes and the mdss are spliced in the sequentially correct order. pairs of short repeat sequ ... | 2003 | 12732478 |
| the solution structure of an essential stem-loop of human telomerase rna. | the ribonucleoprotein enzyme telomerase maintains chromosome ends in most eukaryotes and is critical for a cell's genetic stability and its proliferative viability. all telomerases contain a catalytic protein component homologous to viral reverse transcriptases (tert) and an rna (tr) that provides the template sequence as well as a scaffold for ribonucleoprotein assembly. vertebrate telomerase rnas have three essential domains: the template, activation and stability domains. here we report the n ... | 2003 | 12736311 |
| benthic bacterial production and protozoan predation in a silty freshwater environment. | the interrelation of heterotrophic bacteria with bacterivorous protists has been widely studied in pelagic environments, but data on benthic habitats, especially in freshwater systems, are still scarce. we present a seasonal study focusing on bacterivory by heterotrophic nanoflagellates (hnf) and ciliates in the silty sediment of a temperate macrophyte-dominated oxbow lake. from january 2001 to february 2002 we monitored the standing stock of bacteria and protozoa, bacterial secondary production ... | 2003 | 12739079 |
| dexiotrichides pangi n. sp. (protozoa, ciliophora, scuticociliatia), a new marine ciliate from the north china sea. | the morphology, infraciliature, and silverline system of a new marine scuticociliate, dexiotrichides pangi n. sp. were investigated. the new species is characterized by: size about 45-65 x 20-25 microm in vivo with kidney-like body shape and obliquely truncated semicircle-shaped apical plate; cytostome at bottom of conspicuously depressed oral cavity, which is located at the cell equatorial level; paroral membrane extending anteriorly to membranelle 3; scutica multi-rowed; 33-38 somatic kineties ... | 2003 | 12744524 |
| 12alpha-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one: a new bioactive steroid from toona ciliata (meliaceae). | in a bioassay guided phytochemical investigation of toona ciliata (fam. meliaceae), a new hydroxy steroidal ketone, 12alpha-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (1) was isolated from the petroleum ether extract of the plant together with two known steroids and three c-methyl coumarins. the structure of 1 was established by means of spectroscopic analyses. compound 1 was found cytotoxic in a brine shrimp lethality bioassay with lc50 of 9.9 microg/ml and it also showed significant antitumor activity with ti ... | 2003 | 12749412 |
| spatial analysis of stable isotope data to determine primary sources of nutrition for fish. | carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes were used to determine the ultimate autotrophic sources supporting production of three commercially important fish species over unvegetated mudflats in a subtropical estuary. mean isotope values over the whole estuary for fish and autotroph sources were modeled to indicate feasible combinations of sources. variability in isotope values among nine locations (separated by 3-10 km) was then used as a further test of the likelihood that sources were involved in fi ... | 2003 | 12774226 |
| dynamics of microbial communities on marine snow aggregates: colonization, growth, detachment, and grazing mortality of attached bacteria. | we studied the dynamics of microbial communities attached to model aggregates (4-mm-diameter agar spheres) and the component processes of colonization, detachment, growth, and grazing mortality. agar spheres incubated in raw seawater were rapidly colonized by bacteria, followed by flagellates and ciliates. colonization can be described as a diffusion process, and encounter volume rates were estimated at about 0.01 and 0.1 cm(3) h(-1) for bacteria and flagellates, respectively. after initial colo ... | 2003 | 12788697 |
| scuticociliata infection in the weedy sea dragon phyllopteryx taeniolatus. | the weedy sea dragon phyllopteryx taeniolatus at an aquarium in kanagawa prefecture were found infected by protozoan ciliate, 2001. the infected fish in particular, showed sloughing of the epidermis. fish with intense infections showed sloughing of the dorsal fin, depigmentation of skin, anal distension and accumulation of ascitic fluid in the body cavity. in biopsies, ciliates were detected only in fresh mounts of abdominal dropsy and in the mucus on the body surface. histopathological studies ... | 2003 | 12798928 |
| a multidisciplinary approach to describe protists: redescriptions of novistrombidium testaceum anigstein 1914 and strombidium inclinatum montagnes, taylor, and lynn 1990 (ciliophora, oligotrichia). | we combined behavioral, morphological (live, stained, scanning and transmission electron-microscope), and molecular data to redescribe two common, intertidal oligotrich ciliates, novistrombidium testaceum and strombidium inclinatum. both species were collected from a rocky shore near leghorn, ligurian sea. a literature review revealed four morphotypes of novistrombidium testaceum that differ in subtle ways, including oral morphology. these differences may be diagnostic, but we do not consider th ... | 2003 | 12836874 |
| metacystis borrori n. sp. (ciliophora: metacystidae) on the seagrass thalassia testudinum. | a new epibiontic ciliate of the genus metacystis is described on the seagrass thalassia testudinum of the coral reef lagoons of veracruz, mexico. the ciliate was studied in living and stained specimens and under the scanning electron microscope. the cell body (10-35 x 10-18 microm in vivo) is transversely annulated (4-6 rings). the somatic ciliature consists of 22-30 longitudinal kineties, and patterned as 5-7 transverse kineties. the circumoral kinety is composed of kinetosomes closely spaced. ... | 2003 | 12836877 |
| characterization of the spasmin 1 gene in zoothamnium arbuscula strain kawagoe (protozoa, ciliophora) and its relation to other spasmins and centrins. | zoothamnium arbuscula strain kawagoe is a giant sessile peritrich ciliated protozoa that possesses a contractile organelle called a spasmoneme. we report here on the molecular characterization and provide an opportunity to discuss the evolutionary relationships of the z. arbuscula spasmin; spasmins belong to the calmodulin superfamily and are the major components of spasmoneme filaments. we analysed and obtained the whole sequence of the spasmin 1 gene and a partial sequence of the spasmin 2 gen ... | 2003 | 12837512 |
| two-step freezing procedure for cryopreservation of rumen ciliates, an effective tool for creation of a frozen rumen protozoa bank. | the present study aimed at the long-term storage of rumen protozoa as living cells in liquid nitrogen. the two-step or interrupted slow freezing procedure was used to cryopreserve six of the dominant species of rumen ciliates isolated from monofaunated animals, dasytricha ruminantium, entodinium caudatum, epidinium ecaudatum caudatum, eudiplodinium maggii, isotricha prostoma, and polyplastron multivesiculatum. we optimized the first step in the interrupted slow freezing procedure, from the extra ... | 2003 | 12839750 |
| environmental isolation of balamuthia mandrillaris associated with a case of amebic encephalitis. | this report describes the first isolation of the ameba balamuthia mandrillaris from an environmental soil sample associated with a fatal case of amebic encephalitis in a northern california child. isolation of the ameba into culture from autopsied brain tissue confirmed the presence of balamuthia: in trying to locate a possible source of infection, soil and water samples from the child's home and play areas were examined for the presence of balamuthia: the environmental samples (plated onto nonn ... | 2003 | 12843060 |
| mass mortality of krill caused by parasitoid ciliates. | | 2003 | 12869754 |
| effect of nisin on two cultures of rumen ciliates. | the effect of nisin (in the form of nisaplin) was determined using two species of rumen ciliate protozoa in vitro, on their co-culture bacterial population, and volatile fatty acid concentration. nisaplin did not affect the in vitro growth of entodinium caudatum at concentrations of 50-400 mg/l during short-term treatment (5 d). long-term application (30 d) of nisaplin (100 mg/l) significantly decreased growth of the epidinium ecaudatum forma caudatum et ecaudatum but not growth of e. caudatum. ... | 2003 | 12879756 |
| nucleus-encoded, plastid-targeted glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) indicates a single origin for chromalveolate plastids. | plastids (the photosynthetic organelles of plants and algae) originated through endosymbiosis between a cyanobacterium and a eukaryote and subsequently spread to other eukaryotes by secondary endosymbioses between two eukaryotes. mounting evidence favors a single origin for plastids of apicomplexans, cryptophytes, dinoflagellates, haptophytes, and heterokonts (together with their nonphotosynthetic relatives, termed chromalveolates), but so far, no single molecular marker has been described that ... | 2003 | 12885964 |
| efficacy of selected oral chemotherapeutants against ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliophora: ophyroglenidae) infecting rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | the chemotherapeutic efficacy of 6 in-feed compounds against ichthyophthirius multifiliis fouquet, 1876 was assessed using experimental infections of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum) fingerlings. trial doses of 104 ppm amprolium hydrochloride or 65 ppm clopidol fed to fish for 10 d prior to infection significantly reduced the number of trophonts establishing in trout fingerlings by 62.0 and 35.2% respectively. in-feed treatments of infected trout with either 63 or 75 ppm amprolium hyd ... | 2003 | 12887250 |
| pak paradox: paramecium appears to have more k(+)-channel genes than humans. | k(+)-selective ion channels (k(+) channels) have been found in bacteria, archaea, eucarya, and viruses. in paramecium and other ciliates, k(+) currents play an essential role in cilia-based motility. we have retrieved and sequenced seven closely related paramecium k(+)-channel gene (pak) sequences by using previously reported fragments. an additional eight unique k(+)-channel sequences were retrieved from an indexed library recently used in a pilot genome sequencing project. alignments of these ... | 2003 | 12912893 |
| [protozoan infection of the domestic animals and poultry in korea] | researches in veterinary protozoology until the end of world war ii were carried out entirely by japanese workers such as danagga, yamada, yuhoba and isshiki. after the korean war, investigations have been made by several korean researchers such as lee's, son, joen and jang. the total species and genera of veterinary protozoa reported by authors up to date were 19 genera and 59 species except the commensal ciliates. incidence of the protozoa were carried out for 4 years(1972-l975) by examining f ... | 1975 | 12913461 |
| a marine biological underwater depuration system (muds) to process waste waters. | an underwater device, able to favour the sea auto-cleaning capacities, is herein described. this system, called muds (marine underwater depuration system), consists of a percolating filter and is placed at sea over an urban sewage outflow of a submarine pipeline. due to the density difference, the water effluent flows through the percolating filter: this favours the mixing and a prompt recycling of organic matter, activating a marine trophic web. rich microbenthic communities develop on the muds ... | 2003 | 12919811 |
| gravity-related behaviour in ciliates and flagellates. | | 2002 | 12951693 |
| galvanotropic fractionation of rumen ciliates. | | 1952 | 13000820 |
| [bacterial symbionts of the ciliates of the genus euplotes]. | | 1952 | 13009932 |
| effect of aureomycin on utilization of phytomonads by ciliates. | | 1953 | 13034896 |
| comparative studies on holotrichous ciliates in the colpidium-glaucoma-leucophrys-tetrahymena group. ii. morphology, life cycles and systematic status of strains in pure culture. | | 1953 | 13046891 |
| a combined method for the rapid fixation and adhesion of ciliates and flagellates. | | 1953 | 13076169 |
| evidence for the conversion of desoxyribonucleic acid (dna) to ribonucleic acid (rna) in epistylis articulata from. (ciliata: peritricha). | | 1953 | 13083634 |
| [studies on the role of ciliata as bactericides with respect to the biological purification of the waste water]. | | 1954 | 13179715 |
| [physiological studies of excitation in ciliata. i. the action system of paramecium]. | | 1954 | 13180264 |
| comparative activity of pantothenic acid and its conjugates for tetrahymenid ciliates. | | 1954 | 13224725 |
| the possible role of iva ciliata in hay fever therapy. | | 1956 | 13324428 |
| factors influencing growth in protozoa. ii. chemical supplements promoting growth in carnivorous ciliates. | | 1956 | 13324911 |
| [spontaneous presence of amoebae and ciliata in laboratory animals]. | | 1956 | 13353433 |
| [electron microscopy of the vibratile membranelles of some ciliata]. | | 1955 | 13353825 |
| an electron microscope study of cortical structures of opalina obtrigonoidea. | the pellicular framework of opalina obtrigonoidea consists of numerous longitudinal ribs parallel to the kineties. these ribs lie erect on the cell surface, and each is composed of striated longitudinal fibers. a membrane covers the ribs and the ectoplasm between them. flagella, of conventional structure, emerge from the ectoplasm between the ribs. the two central fibers of each flagellum end at the cell surface; the nine peripheral fibers continue for about 400 mmicro into the cell to form an o ... | 1956 | 13357507 |
| a simple and safe procedure for the removal of holotrich ciliates from the rumen of an adult fistulated sheep. | | 1957 | 13407755 |
| dna synthesis in two ciliates. | | 1957 | 13473853 |
| an electron microscope study of the contractile vacuole in tokophrya infusionum. | contractile vacuoles are organelles that collect fluid from the cytoplasm and expel it to the outside. after each discharge (systole), they appear again and expand (diastole). they are widely distributed among protozoa, and have been found also in some fresh water algae, sponges, and recently in some blood cells of the frog, guinea pig, and man. in spite of the extensive work on the contractile vacuole, very little is known concerning its mode of operation. an electron microscope study of a suct ... | 1958 | 13525434 |
| [results of investigations on ciliata and on other parasites of terrestrial snails]. | | 1958 | 13604227 |
| [new entodinium (ciliata, entodinimorpha) from alpine goat stock (capra ibex ibex)]. | | 1958 | 13604753 |
| epigenetic factors affecting mating type expression in certain ciliates. | | 1958 | 13635566 |
| [processes of segmentation in anoplodinium costatum dogiel (ciliata, entodiniomorpha) from the alpine goat (rupicapra rupicapra)]. | | 1959 | 13660203 |
| myb genes in ciliates: a common origin with the myb protooncogene? | in animals, the protooncogene myb family is characterized by a dna-binding domain (so-called myb domain), which consists of 3 imperfect tandem repeats of a helix-turn-helix motif. homologous genes have been characterized in plants and also in dictyostelium discoideum. however, in plants, the myb family is more diverse and displays 2 types of myb domains: the animal-like 3 repeats (myb-3r) and the 2 repeats (myb-2r) domains. the question is therefore raised as to the putative existence of genes w ... | 2003 | 13677450 |
| phylogenetic relationships among 28 spirotrichous ciliates documented by rdna. | the contiguous sequence of the ssu rdna, its 1, 5.8s, its 2, and approximately 1370 bp at the 5(') end of the lsu rdna was determined in 25 stichotrichs, one oligotrich, and two hypotrichs. maximum parsimony, neighbor-joining, and quartet-puzzling analyses were used to construct individual phylogenetic trees for ssu rdna, for lsu rdna, and its 1+5.8s+its 2, as well as for all these components combined. all trees were similar, with the greatest resolution obtained with the combined components. ph ... | 2003 | 13678681 |
| [electron microscope studies of the pulsatile vacuolar apparatus of various astomatious ciliata]. | | 1960 | 13738566 |
| [apostomal ciliates, parasites of palaemon]. | | 1960 | 13855690 |
| [observations on the desoxyribonucleic acid content of nuclear apparatus of ciliata: paramecium caudatum ehr]. | | 1962 | 13869789 |
| [culture in vitro of ciliata normally present in the rumen of sheep]. | | 1962 | 13897298 |
| two techniques applicable for the study of phagotrophy in ciliates. | | 1962 | 13910180 |
| [some observations on the buccal system of frontonia (holotrichous ciliata)]. | | 1962 | 13942390 |
| retardation of division of three ciliates by intermittent and continuous ultraviolet radiations at different temperatures. | the same dosage of ultraviolet (uv) radiation retards division of several protozoans more effectively when the light is intermittent than when it is continuous, and especially at temperatures of 25-35 degrees c. at lower temperatures the difference between the effects of intermittent and continuous radiations is less marked. somewhat similar results were obtained with the ciliates paramecium caudatum, blepharisma japonicum, and colpidium colpoda, the disparity between intermittent and continuous ... | 1963 | 13947762 |
| lipid metabolism of rumen ciliates and bacteria. i. uptake of fatty acids by isotricha prostoma and entodinium simplex. | washed suspensions of the ruminal ciliates, isotricha prostoma and entodinium simplex, concentrated c(14)-labeled oleic, palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids within the cells during short incubation periods. radioautographs demonstrated that oleic acid-1-c(14) was hydrogenated to stearic acid by i. prostoma, and warburg manometric data showed that the sodium salts of oleic, valeric, caproic, and acetic acids, and methyl myristate, methyl laurate, and the triglyceride tributyrin stimulated ferme ... | 1962 | 13951437 |
| continuous culture of ruminal microorganisms in chemically defined medium. ii. culture medium studies. | ruminal ciliates have been grown in continuous culture in chemically defined media and in the absence of viable bacteria. oligotrichic ruminal ciliates seem to require insoluble carbohydrates for growth; the holotrichic ciliates require soluble carbohydrates, but at low concentrations. both groups of ciliates utilize amino acids as their principal nitrogen source when these are supplied in micromolar concentrations; at millimolar concentrations, amino acids are toxic, possibly from excessive amm ... | 1962 | 13972780 |
| continuous culture of ruminal microorganisms in chemically defined medium. i. design of continuous-culture apparatus. | an apparatus is described which has been used for successful continuous culture of the ciliates from the rumen of cattle. automatic control of feeding rate, ph, oxidation-reduction potential, temperature, stirring rate, aeration rate, salinity, and volume of the culture is provided for, using standard commercial equipment, whenever possible. the operation of this apparatus is described. | 1962 | 13972781 |
| [ophryoglena faurei n. sp. (ciliata, hymenostomatida, ophryoglenidae). reproduction cycles]. | | 1962 | 13986917 |
| lipid metabolism of rumen ciliates and bacteria. ii. uptake of fatty acids and lipid analysis of isotricha intestinalis and rumen bacteria with further information on entodinium simplex. | the total lipid and free fatty acid contents of isotricha intestinalis, entodinium simplex, and the rumen bacterial flora of the respective protozoa were determined. warburg manometric data showed that the sodium salts of tributyrin, oleic, and acetic acids stimulated gas production in i. intestinalis, whereas tributyrin was stimulatory with e. simplex and less active with oleic and acetic acids. rumen bacteria provided fatty acids produced lower manometric gaseous increases when compared with t ... | 1963 | 14000915 |
| sphaerophrya sol (ciliata: suctoria) parasitic in some mexican ciliates. | | 1963 | 14050252 |
| [determination of the adenosine triphosphatase activity of isolated ciliata of the infusorian tetrahymena pyriformis and isolation of adenosine triphosphatase from them]. | | 1963 | 14054840 |
| the inhibition of motility of ciliates through methonium drugs. | | 1963 | 14074443 |
| rumen bacterial and protozoal responses to insecticide substrates. | insecticides containing organophosphate, chlorinated hydrocarbon, and carbamate were tested with bovine ruminal ingesta fractions. rumen bacteria exposed to insecticide levels of 0 to 500 ppm in rumen fluid for 4 hr were inoculated into rumen fluid-starch feed extract medium. no apparent significant bacterial count inhibitions were noted. also, when insecticides were used as carbon sources at concentrations of 500 ppm in carbohydrate-limited media, no increases in bacterial counts were indicated ... | 1963 | 14075052 |
| the nuclear apparatus of remanella multinucleata kahl (ciliata, holotricha). | | 1963 | 14093707 |
| the mitragyna species of ghana. the alkaloids of the leaves of mitragyna ciliata aubr. et pellegr. | | 1963 | 14101604 |
| the mitragyna species of ghana. the anatomy of the leaves of mitragyna stipulosa (d.c.) o. kuntze and mitragyna ciliata aubr. et pellegr. | | 1963 | 14101622 |
| the fate of mitochondria during aging in tetrahymena pyriformis. | during the growth cycle of tetrahymena pyriformis the mitochondria undergo changes in position, number, and structure. ciliates in the logarithmic growth phase possess elongated mitochondria which are aligned along the plasma membrane and are closely associated with the kinetosomes and kinetodesmata. mitochondria appear to divide across the long axis at this time, resulting in two or more products. throughout this phase of growth mitochondrial divisions keep pace with cytokinesis so that the pop ... | 1964 | 14105204 |
| [ciliated protozoa of mexico. 8. comparative morphology of 2 species of "euplotes" (ciliata, hypotrichida)]. | | 1964 | 14220426 |
| [the occurrence of intraplasmatic and intranuclear microorganisms in some rumen ciliata]. | | 1964 | 14232640 |
| role of the rumen ciliates in bloat in cattle. | | 1965 | 14283158 |
| the morphology and biology of pyxicola nolandi n. sp. (ciliata, peritrichida, vaginicolidae). | | 1965 | 14293839 |
| the relation of amicronuclearity to stomatogenic activity during conjugation in several ciliates. | | 1965 | 14294955 |
| [cardiac glycosides from digitalis ciliata trautv. i. paper chromatographic study of the digitalis ciliata leaves. digitoxin from digitalis ciliata]. | | 1965 | 14302162 |
| [a method of staining of the superficial organelles of the hypotrichous ciliata]. | | 1964 | 14340704 |
| [supplements to the knowledge of swedmarkia arenicola and discocephalus ehrenbergi, hypotrichous ciliates]. | | 1965 | 14341903 |
| [histochemical methods for determination of some amino acids in ciliata in rumen]. | | 1954 | 14351345 |
| [on the problem of and the method for the study on urceolariidae (ciliata--peritricha)]. | | 1961 | 14489553 |
| poison susceptibility of ciliates (paramecium caudatum ehrbg. stylonychia mytilus ehrbg.), adapted to the hypertonic medium. | | 1961 | 14494342 |
| processing of double-strand breaks is involved in the precise excision of paramecium internal eliminated sequences. | in ciliates, the development of the somatic macronucleus involves the programmed excision of thousands of internal eliminated sequences (ies) scattered throughout the germ line genome. previous work with tetrahymena thermophila has suggested that excision is initiated by a staggered double-strand break (dsb) at one ies end. nucleophilic attack of the other end by the 3'oh group carried by the firstly broken chromosome end leads to macronuclear junction closure. in this study, we mapped the 3'oh ... | 2003 | 14517286 |
| [hormonal signal system of the lower eukaryotes]. | the literary and the authors' own data on the structural and functional organization of hormonal signaling systems in the lower eukaryotes (yeasts, trypanosomes, ciliates, slide mold dictyostelium discoideum) have been summarized and analysed. on the basis of a comparative analysis of the primary structures of signal proteins in the lower and higher eukaryotes (g-protein alpha-subunits, enzymes-cyclases-adenylyl and guanylyl cyclases) some possible pathways of the evolution of proteins are sugge ... | 2003 | 14520878 |
| nuclei, micronuclei and appendages in tri- and tetraradiate conidia of cornutispora and four other coelomycete genera. | the distribution and behaviour of nuclei in conidia of 11 coelomycete species with tri- and tetraradiate conidia and belonging to five genera has been investigated: cornutispora (c. ciliata, c. intermedia, c. lichenicola, c. limaciformis, and c. pittii), eriosporella (e. calami), furcaspora (f. abieticola, f. pinicola), suttoniella (s. eriobotryae, s. gaubae), and tetranacrium (t. gramineum). they have been studied by the hcl-giemsa technique using dried, preserved material including holotypes a ... | 2003 | 14531616 |
| developmentally regulated chromosome fragmentation linked to imprecise elimination of repeated sequences in paramecia. | the chromosomes of ciliates are fragmented at reproducible sites during the development of the polyploid somatic macronucleus, but the mechanisms involved appear to be quite diverse in different species. in paramecium aurelia, the process is imprecise and results in de novo telomere addition at locally heterogeneous positions. to search for possible determinants of chromosome fragmentation, we have studied an approximately 21-kb fragmentation region from the germ line genome of p. primaurelia. t ... | 2003 | 14555491 |
| structure of the micronuclear alpha-tubulin gene in the phyllopharyngean ciliate chilodonella uncinata: implications for the evolution of chromosomal processing. | ciliates are a group of microbial eukaryotes defined by the presence of dimorphic nuclei-each cell contains both a transcriptionally active macronucleus and a germline micronucleus. during the development of the macronucleus, germline chromosomes are rearranged through extensive fragmentation, removal of internally excised sequences (iess) and dna amplification. we have characterized three iess in the gene that encodes alpha-tubulin in the phyllopharyngean ciliate chilodonella uncinata. the iess ... | 2003 | 14557060 |
| the accidental protozoologist--my journey through the world of ciliates. | the past-president's address has been the opportunity for the speaker to reminisce about the road traveled to get to this time in life. in this paper, i continue in that tradition. during my journey to the present day, i visited different laboratories, studying the genetics of mating and mating types in paramecium, tetrahymena, blepharisma and euplotes. i have met and worked with many distinguished scientists, including other past-presidents of the society. i also became an active participant in ... | 2003 | 14563167 |
| interstitial ciliates: benthic microaerophiles or planktonic anaerobes? | we observed marine benthic interstitial ciliates geleia sp. and tracheloraphis sp. inhabiting the water column of a chemically stratified salt pond. this habitat is uncharacteristic for interstitial ciliates, yet they displayed active and abundant planktonic populations (up to 800 and 250 cells/liter, respectively) and a well-defined pattern of vertical distribution. completely absent from the oxygenated epilimnion, they first appeared at the oxic/anoxic interface and were present throughout the ... | 2003 | 14563174 |
| description of a marine peritrichous ciliate, pseudovorticella sinensis n. sp. (ciliophora, peritrichia) from china. | a new marine peritrich ciliate, pseudovorticella sinensis n. sp. was isolated from a shrimp-farming pond in the littoral area of qingdao, china. the morphology, infraciliature, and silverline system were studied based on living and silver-impregnated specimens. this species is characterized by (1) an elongated bell-shaped body that measures 50-60 x 35-45 microm in vivo, (2) one large, ventrally located contractile vacuole, and (3) a pellicle covered by a layer of transparent, cortical vesicles. ... | 2003 | 14563175 |
| electrophysiological responses of female and male hypsipyla grandella (zeller) to swietenia macrophylla essential oils. | the mahogany shoot borer, hypsipyla grandella, is one of the most economically important neotropical forest pest insects because it attacks valuable timber of the meliaceae. despite detailed information on the life cycle of h. grandella, factors influencing attack by the shoot borer are not well known. electroantennogram studies of borer antennae indicate that both female and male moths elicited significant antennal responses to essential oil of the terminal shoots, mature and senescent leaves, ... | 2003 | 14584681 |
| adenylyl cyclases from plasmodium, paramecium and tetrahymena are novel ion channel/enzyme fusion proteins. | in paramecium, camp formation is stimulated by a potassium conductance, which is an intrinsic property of the adenylyl cyclase. we cloned a full-length cdna and several gdna fragments from paramecium and tetrahymena coding for adenylyl cyclases with a novel domain composition. a putative n-terminal ion channel domain contains a canonical s4 voltage-sensor and a canonical potassium pore-loop located c-terminally after the last transmembrane span on the cytoplasmic side. the adenylyl cyclase catal ... | 2004 | 14607282 |
| [biochemical composition of crustacean zooplankton and their grazing on phytoplankton and ciliated protozoans in a recently founded reservoir (sahela, morocco]. | in order to assess the impact of crustacean zooplankton on phytoplankton and protozoan ciliates in the sahela reservoir under semi-arid climate, we conducted experiments during the period from july to december 1999 at the deepest point in the lake (15 m). samplings and measurements were carried out in diffusion chambers submerged in situ over a period of 7 h without (control chambers) and with (experimental chambers) crustacean zooplankton. during these experiments, counts were conducted on phyt ... | 2003 | 14608696 |
| screening interspecific hybrids of populus (p. ciliata x maximowiczii) using aflp markers. | hybrids of populus ciliata x maximowiczii are very vigorous and outperform both the parents in growth performance and yield. genetic evaluation of 24 of these interspecific hybrids along with the two mother trees ( populus ciliata), and five male-parent ( populus maximowiczii) genotypes was carried out using the aflp marker assay. eight aflp primer combinations detected 428 markers, of which 280 (66%) were polymorphic. genetic relationships within the samples were evaluated by generating the sim ... | 2004 | 14618240 |
| template boundary definition in mammalian telomerase. | telomerase uses a short template sequence in its intrinsic rna component to synthesize telomere repeats. disruption of the helix p1b in human telomerase rna or alteration of its distance from the template resulted in telomerase copying residues past the normal template boundary both in vivo and in vitro. therefore, helix p1b is important for template boundary definition in human telomerase. mouse telomerase rna lacks helix p1b, and the boundary is established at 2 nt downstream of the 5'-end. th ... | 2003 | 14630939 |
| cryptic freshwater ciliates in a hypersaline lagoon. | ubiquitous dispersal of free-living microbial species implies that each and every ecosystem supports a 'seedbank' of microbial species that are imported by random dispersal. however, many of the microbial species present in any particular ecosystem will probably never thrive there because the local environment is unsuitable for their population growth. to test this, we investigated the ciliated protozoa in a hypersaline lagoon in almeria, spain, using selective enrichment to reveal typical fresh ... | 2003 | 14658497 |
| cysteine proteases and cell differentiation: excystment of the ciliated protist sterkiella histriomuscorum. | the process of excystment of sterkiella histriomuscorum (ciliophora, oxytrichidae) leads in a few hours, through a massive influx of water and the resorption of the cyst wall, from an undifferentiated resting cyst to a highly differentiated and dividing vegetative cell. while studying the nature of the genes involved in this process, we isolated three different cysteine proteases genes, namely, a cathepsin b gene, a cathepsin l-like gene, and a calpain-like gene. excystation was selectively inhi ... | 2003 | 14665458 |
| detection of ingested bacteria in benthic ciliates using fluorescence in situ hybridization. | fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) was applied to detect ingested natural bacteria within the food vacuoles of ciliates harvested from the natural sediment. in addition to this important qualitative aspect, fish was also successfully used to measure the bacterivory of a culture of the ciliate tetrahymena pyriformis on natural field sediment bacteria. in this feeding experiment, we compared the fish technique with the only available alternative technique using fluorescently stained sedimen ... | 2003 | 14666991 |
| gravitaxis and graviperception in flagellates. | there is strong evidence that gravitactic orientation in flagellates and ciliates is mediated by an active physiological gravireceptor rather than by passive alignment of the cells in the water column. in flagellates the threshold for graviorientation was found to be at 0.12 x g on a slow rotating centrifuge during the iml-2 mission on the shuttle columbia and a subsequent parabolic rocket flight (texus). during the iml-2 mission no adaptation to microgravity was observed over the duration of th ... | 2003 | 14686430 |
| out with a bang! tetrahymena as a model system to study secretory granule biogenesis. | the release of polypeptides in response to extracellular cues is a notable feature of endocrine, exocrine and neuronal cells, and is based on regulated exocytosis via dense-core secretory granules. there is interest in this mode of secretion because of its importance in human physiology and also because regulated exocytosis reflects a complex pathway of membrane traffic that includes compartment-specific reversible macromolecular assembly, coat-independent vesicle budding, maturation/remodeling ... | 2004 | 14690495 |
| dramatic diversity of ciliate histone h4 genes revealed by comparisons of patterns of substitutions and paralog divergences among eukaryotes. | the accumulation of divergent histone h4 amino acid sequences within and between ciliate lineages challenges traditional views of the evolution of this essential eukaryotic protein. we analyzed histone h4 sequences from 13 species of ciliates and compared these data with sequences from well-sampled eukaryotic clades. ciliate histone h4s differ from one another at as many as 46% of their amino acids, in contrast with the highly conserved character of this protein in most other eukaryotes. equally ... | 2004 | 14694079 |
| polymorphism, recombination and alternative unscrambling in the dna polymerase alpha gene of the ciliate stylonychia lemnae (alveolata; class spirotrichea). | dna polymerase alpha is the most highly scrambled gene known in stichotrichous ciliates. in its hereditary micronuclear form, it is broken into >40 pieces on two loci at least 3 kb apart. scrambled genes must be reassembled through developmental dna rearrangements to yield functioning macronuclear genes, but the mechanism and accuracy of this process are unknown. we describe the first analysis of dna polymorphism in the macronuclear version of any scrambled gene. six functional haplotypes obtain ... | 2003 | 14704164 |
| structure of microbial communities in sphagnum peatlands and effect of atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment. | little is known about the structure of microbial communities in sphagnum peatlands, and the potential effects of the increasing atmospheric co2 concentration on these communities are not known. we analyzed the structure of microbial communities in five sphagnum-dominated peatlands across europe and their response to co2 enrichment using miniface systems. after three growing seasons, sphagnum samples were analyzed for heterotrophic bacteria, cyanobacteria, microalgae, heterotrophic flagellates, c ... | 2003 | 14708744 |
| occurrence of hydrogenosomes in the rumen ciliates ophryoscolecidae. | | 1982 | 14719520 |
| 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph*) test demonstrates antiradical activity of dorstenia psilurus and dorstenia ciliata plant extracts. | plants of the dorstenia genus, used in traditional medicine and as food ingredient in africa, are rich in polyphenolic compounds which can be involved in prevention of disease and food spoilage through their antioxidant activity. the antiradical activities of extracts of dorstenia psilurus. d. ciliata and a phenolic compound (6-prenylapigenin) from d. ciliata were evaluated with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph*) test. d. psilurus chloroform and d. ciliata ethyl acetate extracts were show ... | 2003 | 14727774 |