| cryopreservation of viable giardia intestinalis trophozoites. | a technique is described for the cryopreservation of giardia intestinalis trophozoites. the most satisfactory results were obtained when organisms were preserved with either 7.5 or 10% dimethyl sulphoxide (me2so) and cooled using a liquid nitrogen controlled freezer. under these conditions more than 70% of organisms were motile after thawing. lower recovery rates were obtained using glycerol as the cryopreservant or when samples were placed directly into a -70 degrees c refrigerator to cool. cul ... | 1984 | 6506151 |
| [use of giardia intestinalis cultures in chemotherapeutic studies]. | | 1984 | 6506725 |
| [cultivation of giardia lamblia and observation on its binary fission process]. | | 1984 | 6509744 |
| [acute uveitis associated with giardia lamblia infection]. | | 1984 | 6510801 |
| lymphocyte proliferation & intestinal absorptive functions in mice infected with giardia lamblia. | | 1984 | 6511007 |
| the sensitivity of giardia intestinalis to drugs in vitro. | techniques are described for the isolation, microculture and assessment of viability of giardia intestinalis. the susceptibility of five recent brisbane isolates and the portland 1 stock to metronidazole, tinidazole, furazolidone and quinacrine has been determined. all stocks showed little variation in sensitivity to these drugs. the 3h-thymidine incorporation assay proved to be a much more sensitive method of assessing relative drug activity than either motility or dye exclusion methods. tinida ... | 1984 | 6511706 |
| monocyte function in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. defective chemotaxis. | the ineffective immune response in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) contributes to severe and widespread infections and unrestricted growth by certain tumors. to determine whether monocyte dysfunction contributes to this immunosuppressed condition, we investigated monocyte chemotaxis in patients with aids. using three different chemotactic stimuli, n-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine, lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor, and c5a des arg, we studied the chemotactic ... | 1984 | 6511917 |
| optimum conditions for growth of giardia lamblia in vitro. | | 1984 | 6512233 |
| effect of drugs on giardia lamblia in vitro. | | 1984 | 6512293 |
| reactive arthritis due to infestation with giardia lamblia. | | 1984 | 6512798 |
| prostaglandins e & f levels in mice infected with giardia lamblia. | | 1984 | 6519699 |
| intestinal parasites in pediatric patients with diarrhoeal diseases in bangkok. | stool examinations of 147 pediatric patients with diarrhoeal disease were carried out at siriraj hospital, bangkok by using the direct-smear technique. stool of 27 patients (18.4%) were positive for intestinal parasites. children under one year of age were free of intestinal helminths and protozoa. parasites were equally prevalent in males and females and without any age group predilection. the prevalence of intestinal parasites were entamoeba histolytica 6.8%, giardia lamblia 6.1%, others were ... | 1984 | 6523173 |
| prevalence of giardia lamblia and its effect on hematological profile in asymptomatic school children. | | 1984 | 6523181 |
| [epidemiologic survey of intestinal parasitoses in peruvian amazonia]. | an epidemiological survey was carried out in 4 native villages from tribe cashibo, in amazonia (peru). among 165 stools examination, 92% were positives for helminthic (hookworms: 72%, roundworms and whipworms: 55% each, strongyloides: 5%) and protozoan infections (entamoeba coli and endolimax nana: 50% each, entamoeba histolytica 24%, giardia intestinalis 17%). balantidium coli is not seldom (6%). polyparasitism, very frequent, is reported with a maximum of 10 species. the most important village ... | 1984 | 6525727 |
| acute infections with giardia lamblia and rotavirus decrease intestinal permeability to low-molecular weight polyethylene glycols (peg 400). | the passive intestinal permeability of patients seeking care for acute diarrhoea was investigated with a liquid meal containing differently sized, low-molecular weight polyethylene glycols (peg 400; mol. wt. 282-590). the subjects suffered from acute infections caused either by giardia lamblia or rotavirus. the patients were studied during infection and 3-4 weeks later when they had recovered clinically. it was found that both giardia and rotavirus infections were associated with decreased 6-h u ... | 1984 | 6528222 |
| a longitudinal study of diarrhoea among children in calcutta communities. | a longitudinal study was conducted to determine the profile of diarrheal diseases in a group of 383 children below 5 years of age in 2 typical slums of calcutta (india). the overall annual incidence of diarrheal illness in these children during the 1st year of the study was found to be 1.1/child. however, the incidence was higher (1.9/child) in children below 2 years of age and declined progressively with advancing age. most (99.5%) of the diarrheal episodes were mild in nature and not a sing ... | 1984 | 6530269 |
| enumeration of small intestinal lymphocyte population in giardia lamblia-infected mice. | | 1984 | 6530533 |
| [a chemotherapy model of human giardiasis. unsuccessful attachment of lombardy and pakistani strains of giardia intestinalis in rabbits, rats and pathogen-free immunodepressed mice]. | | 1983 | 6543931 |
| the btpaba pancreatic function test in giardiasis. | the test for exocrine pancreatic function using n-benzoyl-l-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (btpaba test) was assessed in 7 patients with giardiasis and 7 healthy controls. cumulative percent p-aminobenzoic acid (paba) recovery in 6 hr was significantly lower in patients with giardiasis, compared with the control group. when an equivalent dose of free paba was given, there were no differences in paba recovery between the groups. in patients with giardiasis, the post-treatment values of btpaba test w ... | 1983 | 6601797 |
| purine salvage networks in giardia lamblia. | purine metabolism in giardia lamblia was investigated by monitoring incorporation of radiolabeled precursors into purine nucleotides in the log-phase trophozoites cultivated in vitro in axenic media and incubated in buffered saline glucose. the lack of incorporation of formate, glycine, hypoxanthine, inosine, and xanthine into the nucleotide pool suggests the absence of de novo purine nucleotide synthesis and the inability to form imp as the precursor of amp and gmp in g. lamblia. only adenine, ... | 1983 | 6605408 |
| [intestinal parasites in foreigners entering east germany]. | among the so-called imported diseases the intestinal parasitoses occupy an important place. examinations of 5,168 foreigners who entered our country in the district of halle resulted in the most frequent invasiveness for trichuris trichiura (whipworm) with 54.33%, ascaris lumbricoides (eel-worm) with 26.90% and ancylostomatides (hookworms) with 17.88%. the entamoeba histolytica could be proved in 1.90% of the test persons, the giardia lamblia in 3.35%. the severest parasitism showed persons from ... | 1983 | 6613197 |
| excretory-secretory products of giardia lamblia. | the surface of giardia lamblia strain wb was radioiodinated with either 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-3 alpha, 6 alpha-diphenylglycoluril (iodogen) or lactoperoxidase, and the labeled membrane components as well as the released excretory-secretory (e-s) products were identified. the surface of g. lamblia was easily labeled, and g. lamblia excretory-secretory (e-s) products were identified in the medium. over 70% of the label on the cell surface was released over 24 hr. the major e-s product released was p ... | 1983 | 6619547 |
| giardiasis in childhood and its effects on the small intestine. | the effects of giardia lamblia on small bowel function were studied. thirty-three asymptomatic children were studied before and after treatment with metronidazole (nimorazol). patients had a small intestinal biopsy, bile salt determinations, and the following absorptive tests: d-xylose, triglyceride, and lactose and sucrose tolerance tests. before treatment, 87% had unconjugated bile salts in duodenal fluid but afterwards only 60% did. small bowel biopsy changes did not correlate with the pre- a ... | 1983 | 6620054 |
| mammalian bile promotes growth of giardia lamblia in axenic culture. | giardia lamblia was adapted to grow in modified diamond's tyi-s culture medium with a mean generation time of 12.0 +/- 1.1 hours. addition of bovine or porcine bile to this medium dramatically promoted growth with marked reduction in generation time. the shortest mean generation time (7.5 hours) was obtained with fresh bovine bile and to our knowledge is the lowest reported time for axenically cultivated g. lamblia. trophozoite numbers were increased by a factor of 3.4 after 48 hours cultivation ... | 1983 | 6636273 |
| axenic culture of giardia lamblia in tyi-s-33 medium supplemented with bile. | | 1983 | 6636276 |
| comparison of methods for identification of giardia lamblia. | stool specimens from children in daycare centers were screened for giardia lamblia and intestinal amoebae by staining wet mounts with methylene blue and dilute lugol's iodine. merthiolate-iodine-formalin concentrations (mifc) and permanent smears stained with wheatley's trichrome method also were done. in addition, stools were preserved with polyvinyl alcohol (pva) and 10% formalin and tested with trichrome and mifc, respectively. the effectiveness of each method was based on a quantification sc ... | 1983 | 6637891 |
| giardia lamblia infections in a cohort of bangladeshi mothers and infants followed for one year. | giardia lamblia infection in an endemic area was investigated by following a cohort of 33 lactating mothers and their infants in a semiurban community of bangladesh for one year. eighty-two percent of mothers and 42% of infants excreted giardia at least once during the study period. infants became infected as early as 3 months of age, and 86% of the infected infants had diarrhea, suggesting that the first exposure to the parasite results in disease. only one of the infected mothers had diarrhea, ... | 1983 | 6644442 |
| [detection of lamblia intestinalis during routine gastroscopy]. | | 1983 | 6645903 |
| [giardiasis in children. ultrastructural study of the parasite]. | giardia lamblia is the first protozoan to be identified and recognized as an important pathogen in human disease. we studied 8 pediatric patients with giardiasis in order to examine the clinical spectrum, the structural changes of the small intestinal mucosa and mainly the protozoan's ultrastructural features. the most common clinical manifestations were diarrhea, abdominal pain, anorexia, vomiting, failure to thrive. infection was confirmed by excreted cysts in the stools in one patient, by the ... | 1983 | 6647080 |
| induction of lung tumors and lymphomas in balb/c mice by metronidazole. | metronidazole, which is widely used in the treatment of "trichomonas vaginalis", "entamoeba histolytica" and "giardia lamblia" infections, was administered to balb/c mice by stomach tube in an aqueous solution at a dose rate of 2 mg/day for 100 days (total 200 mg) to test its carcinogenicity. the treatment induced a significant increase in lung tumors in male mice (p less than 0.001) and provoked the appearance of lymphomas in females (p less than 0.001). although there is insufficient evidence ... | 1983 | 6649066 |
| effect of resin disinfectants-i3 and -i5 on giardia muris and giardia lamblia. | the resin-i5 column developed in our laboratories rendered aqueous suspensions containing up to 5 x 10(4) cysts of giardia muris or giardia lamblia per ml incapable of excystation. the inhibition of excystation was effective at both 4 and 25 degrees c. the addition of na2s2o3 to column eluates containing cysts appeared to partially reverse the disinfectant action, and the reversal was more pronounced at 4 degrees c than at 25 degrees c. in contrast, the rapid removal of cysts from the column elu ... | 1983 | 6651301 |
| human host response to giardia lamblia. ii. antibody-dependent killing in vitro. | we examined whether peripheral blood monocytes, lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, or eosinophils, obtained from individuals without known exposure to giardia lamblia, exhibit antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) for this organism. peripheral blood granulocytes but not lymphocytes from each individual were cytotoxic for g. lamblia in the presence of either human or rabbit anti-g. lamblia serum. at an effector to target ratio of 30:1, granulocyte cytotoxicity was 20% in the pre ... | 1983 | 6652688 |
| giardiasis and abo blood groups. | the relationship between giardiasis and abo blood groups was studied in a group of 136 children from eastern slovakia, with a special attention to ethnic specifics of gipsy children. the study showed no statistically significant differences in the distribution of abo blood groups between the subgroup of giardia-infected gipsy children and the gipsy population minority living in the area. on the other hand, the abo distribution pattern in subgroup of non-gipsy children infected with giardia intes ... | 1983 | 6663076 |
| mass cultivation of giardia lamblia in a serum-free medium. | | 1983 | 6674471 |
| killing of giardia lamblia trophozoites by normal human milk. | the clinical course of giardiasis is variable, and serum antibodies do not appear to be protective. we propose that natural factors either produced by intestinal tissue, transported into the intestine, or ingested (ie, by breast-fed babies) might promote resistance to this disease. human milk is very rich in secretory iga (s-iga) antibodies, as well as nonspecific antibacterial factors (eg, lactoferrin, lysozyme). previous studies showed that giardia lamblia trophozoites were killed by nonimmune ... | 1983 | 6676355 |
| nitroimidazoles in the treatment of trichomoniasis, giardiasis, and amebiasis. | nitroimidazoles have been extensively evaluated in the treatment of trichomoniasis, giardiasis, liver and intestinal amebiasis. the most widely used are metronidazole, tinidazole, ornidazole, and secnidazole. tinidazole, ornidazole, and secnidazole have a much longer half-life than metronidazole, allowing single-dose or once daily administration. nitro-5-imidazoles remain extremely effective drugs for treating protozoans, trichomonas vaginalis, entamoeba histolytica, and giardia intestinalis. al ... | 1984 | 6698665 |
| susceptibility of giardia lamblia trophozoites to the lethal effect of human serum. | to define the potential role of complement and antibody in host defense against giardia lamblia, the effect of human serum on axenically cultured g. lamblia trophozoites was studied. sera from patients without a history of giardiasis and with no detectable antibody by an indirect immunofluorescence antibody (ifa) assay (ifa titers less than 1:2) killed from 8 to 76% of trophozoites (n = 23 sera). whereas less than 10% of parasites incubated in phosphate-buffered saline alone were killed, 16 sera ... | 1984 | 6699407 |
| occurrence of giardia lamblia in children in day care centers. | we prospectively evaluated excretion of giardia lamblia in children in day care centers in houston by conducting two prevalence studies of 600 children enrolled in 30 dcc, day care centers, and an 18-month longitudinal study in 82 children in one center. in the two prevalence surveys, giardia cysts were identified in 72 (21%) and 67 (26%) children, respectively, who provided stool specimens. trophozoites were found in 15 (4%) and 8 (3%), respectively. there was no correlation between the frequen ... | 1984 | 6707812 |
| intestinal protozoa in homosexual men of the san francisco bay area: prevalence and correlates of infection. | to compare the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in male homosexuals selected from other sources with the levels previously reported from clinic-derived populations, various homosexual groups of the san francisco bay area were checked by means of stool examination and questionnaires for prevalence of intestinal parasites and for related sexual behavioral patterns during a 3-year period. the prevalence of entamoeba histolytica (28.6%) was similar to that reported in other studies, wher ... | 1984 | 6711741 |
| defective spontaneous but normal antibody-dependent cytotoxicity for an extracellular protozoan parasite, giardia lamblia, by c3h/hej mouse macrophages. | to understand murine host responses to extracellular protozoa, the capacity of peritoneal macrophages to exhibit cytotoxicity for [3h]thymidine-labeled giardia lamblia trophozoites was investigated. resident peritoneal macrophages from c3h/hen mice expressed spontaneous cytotoxicity for g. lamblia in a manner that was dependent on both time and effector cell number; this cytotoxic activity was increased with cells elicited by an intraperitoneal injection of thio-glycollate. in contrast, spontane ... | 1984 | 6713541 |
| cryopreservation of giardia lamblia with dimethyl sulfoxide using a dewar flask. | this study examined the effect of varying freezing conditions on the human intestinal parasite giardia lamblia (portland-1 strain) using a constant vacuum in a dewar flask and an ethanol bath to regulate the cooling rate. the cryopreservation of the trophozoite stage was investigated. dimethyl sulfoxide (me2so), the cryoprotective agent of choice, was added directly to giardia growth medium. me2so toxicity assays were conducted on those concentrations used in the freezing protocol. the results o ... | 1984 | 6713946 |
| scabies and giardiasis. increased serum ige due to scabies infestation in 2 children with scabies and giardiasis. | serum ige concentrations and circulating eosinophils were increased in 2 children with scabies and giardia lamblia infection. both parameters decreased after scabies elimination, whereas none of them were influenced by the giardia lamblia infection. this confirms previous observations that scabies stimulates the immune system, whereas giardia lamblia does not. | 1984 | 6724084 |
| relationship between giardia lamblia infection and blood grouping among children. | | 1984 | 6736696 |
| giardia lamblia as a cause of malabsorption and hypovitaminosis "a" in children. | | 1984 | 6736701 |
| prevalence of giardia lamblia in egyptian children suffering from diarrhoea. | | 1984 | 6736711 |
| giardiasis: diagnosis by endoscopic brush cytology of the duodenum. | the diagnosis of giardiasis is frequently difficult to make. the routine procedure of multiple stool examinations fails to detect giardia lamblia trophozoites or cysts in 30-50% of cases. small bowel biopsy and aspirate are believed to be the best way to make the diagnosis of giardiasis if the organism is not found in the stool and the diagnosis is still suspected. we describe two patients whose diagnosis of giardiasis was established by endoscopic brush cytology of the duodenal mucosa. the firs ... | 1984 | 6741905 |
| development and testing of a filter system for isolation of giardia lamblia cysts from water. | an inexpensive, practical, and reliable method for isolation of giardia lamblia cysts from potable and environmental water has been developed from commercially available components. this system was successfully used to isolate cysts from well water associated with a family outbreak of giardiasis. | 1984 | 6742845 |
| giardia lamblia: autoradiographic analysis of nuclear replication. | giardia lamblia trophozoites, grown in axenic culture, were labeled for various periods of time with [3h]thymidine. after autoradiography, grains were counted over each of the two nuclei in each trophozoite. analysis of the fraction of trophozoites labeled for each time period resulted in an estimate of a generation time of 15 hr. the dna synthetic or s phase for a trophozoite in culture was calculated to be 1.8 hr. g1 and g2 periods were determined to be 8.5 and 3 hr, respectively. a comparison ... | 1984 | 6745391 |
| giardiasis: nutritional implications. | the debate about the pathogenicity of giardia lamblia in man has ended, and th issues regarding the prevalence of clinical and subclinical infections and their nutritonal impact have become the foremost considerations. giardiasis can produce steatorrhea, maldigestion, and malabsorption of carbohydrates and of vitamins a and b12. the mechanisms of the absorptive dysfunction are not clear, but morphological abnormalities of the intestinal mucosa and/or bacterial overgrowth might play a role. sever ... | 1982 | 6750750 |
| nutritional requirements in parasitic diseases. | "nutritional requirements" means different things in different contexts. generally, the term refers to national or international standards or allowances of nutrients. concern here involves the potential need for a change of standards where conditions of disease prevail, because disease increases the nutritional requirements of most individuals. "nutritional requirements" may also be viewed in terms of food supplies. analysis of a number of studies indicates that the average growth deficit due to ... | 1982 | 6750752 |
| [treatment of giardia lamblia infections with tinidazol]. | | 1982 | 6764009 |
| lipid and carbohydrate metabolism of giardia lamblia. | the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism of giardia lamblia was studied using trophozoites isolated from a human and axenically grown in vitro in medium containing fetal bovine serum. the phospholipid, fatty acid and neutral lipid composition of the g. lamblia trophozoites was similar to that of the medium. phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin were the major phospholipids detected; monoacyl-, diacyl-, triacylglycerides, sterols, and sterol esters were the major neutral li ... | 1981 | 6783899 |
| [secretory iga in the saliva of children infected with giardia lamblia and in control children., part i]. | | 1981 | 6789410 |
| intestinal protozoan infection in a semicommunal group. | a survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of protozoan parasites in a large semicommunal group in los angeles. protozoan parasites were observed in 151 (69%) of the 220 group members in the study. parasites were observed in stool specimens from 105 (76%) of the 138 children and 46 (56%) of the 82 adults. dientamoeba fragilis was observed in 115 (52%), giardia lamblia in 50 (23%), entamoeba histolytica in 9 (4%), and commensals in 61 (28%). parasitic infection was infrequent in infants l ... | 1983 | 6824128 |
| giardia lamblia infection of suckling mice. | axenically cultured giardia lamblia trophozoites (2 x 10(5)) were inoculated by gavage into suckling mice. all mice three, seven, and 14 days old became infected, with the peak trophozoite count in the small bowel of 5.3 +/- 1.1 x 10(6) occurring seven days after inoculation of three-day-old mice. in addition to infecting each of 65 challenged mice, g. lamblia was able to complete its life cycle by encysting and, as cysts, to infect previously unchallenged animals. control mice given culture med ... | 1983 | 6827138 |
| giardia lamblia infections in mongolian gerbils: an animal model. | mongolian gerbils were susceptible to infection with giardia lamblia cysts from patients. inoculation of gerbils with 5 x 10(3) cysts each resulted in an infection characterized by the intermittent release of cysts for up to 39 days. the mean number of cysts released per gerbil in a 2-hr period was 8.8 x 10(2) (range, 0-5 x 10(3)). the highest number of trophozoites found in the intestine was on day 15 after infection, when the mean number of trophozoites per gerbil was 6.36 x 10(6). administrat ... | 1983 | 6827139 |
| parasitic infection among residents of an institution for mentally retarded persons. | data on occurrence of intestinal parasites among resident and entering populations in a south carolina institution for mentally retarded persons were examined. following an eradication effort in 1973 for trichuris trichiura, the prevalence of this parasite remained below 5 percent for the resident population, with the exception of 1974 and 1975, when small numbers of stool examinations occurred. significantly higher proportions of the entering population, compared to the residents, harbored t. t ... | 1983 | 6837648 |
| [urbanization and health. xii. prevalence of bacterial and viral entero-infections in 2 serer populations]. | in two sample groups, natives of the same village, the first one having migrated in dakar, the other one staying in rural environment, had been rated enterobacteries, enterovirus and intestinal parasites contamination. the rural population had been more infected than the migrants by salmonella, giardia intestinalis and sheltered against ascaridiose and trichocephalose. bacterial and viral contamination, seemed to be more frequency and precocity in town environment, per contra prevalence of evoca ... | 1983 | 6839403 |
| [parasitic diarrheas]. | the role of parasites as etiologic agents in diarrhoea is emphasized. in countries of western europe, entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia are the most prevalent species, although some other 20 protozoans and helminths may lead to diarrhoeic disturbances. parasitology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, and therapy are briefly outlined. the need for competence on the part of the personnel responsible for laboratory diagnosis is emphasized; also, newly developed immunodiagnostic method ... | 1983 | 6852754 |
| parasitic infections in a pediatric population. | we studied the frequency of parasitic infection and associated clinical symptoms in children who attended general pediatric and dental clinics at ucla. parasites were detected in stool specimens of 40 (38%) of the 1-4 children completing the study. protozoan parasites were recovered in 39 (38%); one child had whipworm eggs. parasites included dientamoeba fragilis in 22 (21%) children and giardia lamblia in 18 (17%) children; commensals were observed in 15 (14%) children. parasitic infection was ... | 1983 | 6856490 |
| campylobacter enteritis from untreated water in the rocky mountains. | during the summers of 1980 and 1981 campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 23% and giardia lamblia was isolated from 8% of persons with diarrheal disease acquired in the area of grand teton national park, wyoming. campylobacter enteritis occurred most frequently in young adults who had been hiking in wilderness areas and was significantly associated with drinking untreated surface water in the week before illness (p less than 0.02 in 1980; p less than 0.005 in 1981). penner serotype 4 was the co ... | 1983 | 6859722 |
| detection of giardia intestinalis in duodenal aspirate and in the stool. | compared was the detection of giardia intestinalis in duodenal contents and in the stool. during endoscopic examination duodenal contents were recovered by means of a tube attached to the mucosa and by aspiration from the region of pars verticalis. in 102 persons, duodenal and stool examinations revealed four and five cases of giardia infection, respectively. the results showed that both diagnostic methods are equivalent and demonstrated that parasitologic examinations of patients suffering from ... | 1983 | 6862316 |
| characterization of proteins from the cytoskeleton of giardia lamblia. | proteins from the axonemes and disc cytoskeleton of giardia lamblia have been examined by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. in addition to tubulin and the 30 x 10(3) molecular weight disc protein, at least 18 minor components copurify with the two major proteins in triton-insoluble structures. the most prominent minor bands have the apparent molecular weights of 110 x 10(3), 95 x 10(3) and 81 x 10(3). protein of 30 x 10(3) molecular weight accounts for about 20% of orga ... | 1983 | 6863412 |
| giardiasis: a common, sexually transmissible parasitic diarrhea with pitfalls in diagnosis. | giardia lamblia is the number one intestinal parasite in the united states. symptoms of giardiasis include upper abdominal pain and distress, flatulence, nervousness, and diarrhea. multiple stool specimens examined for ova and parasites by nonexpert parasitologists will frequently not provide the diagnosis, and special studies must then be done. antibiotics, antidiarrheals, certain enema preparations, and oily laxatives can cause a temporary disappearance of parasites from the stool. treatment o ... | 1983 | 6867795 |
| isolation and axenic growth of fresh giardia intestinalis strains in tps-1 medium. | | 1983 | 6868106 |
| the excretion of campylobacter, salmonellae and giardia lamblia in the faeces of stray dogs. | faecal samples were collected from impounded stray dogs, classified as under or over six months of age, on their arrival in kennels and again 5-7 days later. the faeces were examined for the presence of campylobacters, salmonella and giardia lamblia. no significant difference was found in the rate of isolation of these organisms between the two age groups. there was, however, a significant increase in the rate of isolation at days 5-7 compared with day 1. it is suggested that while dogs may acqu ... | 1983 | 6868352 |
| [giardia intestinalis, giardia lamblia or lamblia intestinalis?]. | | 1983 | 6868615 |
| intestinal parasitosis in an urban pediatric clinic population. | three hundred twenty-one pediatric patients were prospectively screened for intestinal parasites. of the stool specimens, 49.5% were positive for ova or parasites. positive stool specimens were significantly correlated with recent travel to mexico by the patient or a household member. the incidence rate for giardia lamblia was 20%, and it was 5% for both ascaris and trichuris. hymenolepis nana was the fourth most common parasite, with a rate of 4%. no identifiable clinical, laboratory, or other ... | 1983 | 6869334 |
| giardiasis causing urticaria in a child. | we report an association between giardiasis and chronic urticaria and review the few previous cases in the literature. an unusual aspect of our case was the intensification of the urticarial response with antiprotozoal chemotherapy. we discuss the clinical features in terms of the limited current knowledge concerning immunologic mechanisms in giardiasis and the antigenic structure of giardia lamblia. | 1983 | 6869335 |
| an outbreak of waterborne giardiasis associated with heavy water runoff due to warm weather and volcanic ashfall. | from mid-june through early august 1980, an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness in red lodge, montana affected approximately 780 persons, as estimated from attack rates of 33 per cent and 15 per cent in urban and rural residents, respectively. giardia lamblia was identified in stool specimens from 51 per cent of 47 persons with a history of untreated gastrointestinal illness and in 13 per cent of 24 specimens from asymptomatic persons (p = .00045, fisher's exact test). the epidemic curve was bi ... | 1983 | 6869640 |
| variable virulence of isolates of giardia lamblia in mice. | groups of inbred mice were inoculated intraoesophageally with giardia lamblia cysts isolated from the stools of 15 patients with various clinical conditions: symptomatic diarrhoeic, symptomatic non-diarrhoeic and asymptomatic cyst carriers. the virulence of these isolates was studied in terms of two-hour cyst excretion rate and trophozoite counts in the duodenum. the basic pattern of the cyst excretion was similar in all the groups: cysts appeared in the stools by day 3 +/- 1, reaching a maximum ... | 1983 | 6882065 |
| [scanning electron microscopy diagnosis of giardia lamblia infestation]. | | 1983 | 6888919 |
| characterization of giardia lamblia trophozoite antigens using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, and enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay. | | 1982 | 6890268 |
| retinal arteritis, iridocyclitis, and giardiasis. | the intestinal parasite giardia lamblia was found in the stools of three patients with retinal arteritis. iridocyclitis was also present in two of these patients, who had not responded to treatment with systemic corticosteroids. antiparasitic drug treatment was followed by improvement of ocular and systemic findings. | 1982 | 6891764 |
| sexual transmission of enteric protozoa and helminths in a venereal-disease-clinic population. | we examined the prevalence of enteric protozoan and helminthic infections and the associations between infection and gender, sexual preference, and sexual practices in 180 consecutive patients at a venereal-disease clinic. of 163 men, 29 were infected with one or more enteric parasites. none of the 17 women had an enteric infection. the prevalence of infections with entamoeba histolytica or giardia lamblia (or both) was 21.5 per cent in homosexual men, 6.2 per cent in bisexual men, and 0 in hete ... | 1981 | 6894964 |
| lectin binding by giardia lamblia. | surface carbohydrates of giardia lamblia were examined using six plant lectins chosen because of their specificity for major carbohydrates moieties. the binding to axenically grown g. lamblia trophozoites was assessed in both a quantitative microagglutination assay and a fluorescence assay. of the six lectins tested, wheat germ agglutinin (wga) agglutinated the highest percentage (22.9 +/- 3.7%) of live trophozoites, and fluorescein-labeled wga (100 micrograms/ml) bound to 98 +/- 5% of them. sin ... | 1981 | 6895883 |
| giardia lamblia: incidence in man and dog. | | 1982 | 6926778 |
| genetic studies in human and murine giardiasis. | genetic markers were analysed in 48 adults who appeared to have a prolonged infection with giardia lamblia. the frequency of abo blood groups, rhesus blood groups, and gm phenotypes was similar to that in control subjects. however, there was a higher than expected frequency of hla antigens a1 (observed 46 . 7%, expected 32%) and b12 (observed 47 . 8%, expected 25 . 8%) and a higher than expected frequency of the phenotypes a1/a2 and b12/b27. genetic studies were also performed with inbred strain ... | 1980 | 6933131 |
| a prospective study of persistent diarrhoea. | a prospective study was undertaken in 100 patients with diarrhoea to identify the causes and to better define the prevalence of the irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) and to determine if there was a diagnostic symptom complex evident in patients with ibs. a diagnosis of ibs was made in 28 patients and in this group the prevalence of lactase deficiency was found to be 40%. pain in association with urgency was usual and urgency occurring in the absence of pain was more likely to be found in associatio ... | 1982 | 6952835 |
| intestinal parasites in man in labrador, canada. | labrador, a previously unsurveyed area of canada, has been sampled for human intestinal parasites. four hundred and one asymptomatic volunteers between 1 and 72 years of age, including inuit, naskapi and whites, were examined during the summer of 1977. they harboured: entamoeba coli, e. histolytica, e. hartmanni, giardia lamblia and diphyllobothrium sp. the infection rates are considerably lower than those found in other studies of northern canadian communities. | 1980 | 6966896 |
| an unusual case report: tinea capitis, verrucae vulgares and other infections in a girl with t and b cell disturbances. | hereby described is a case of a young girl suffering from widespread dermatophytosis caused by trichophyton violaceum which proved intractable to accepted methods of therapy throughout a number of years. the girl was also found to have a history or recurrent respiratory tract infection and pyoderma in addition to verrucae vulgares, and giardia lamblia in the gastrointestinal tract. investigation revealed a marked immunological deficit seen in both the cellular and humoral system. it is suggested ... | 1980 | 6970335 |
| igg antibody to giardia lamblia detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a sensitive, reproducible enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using unfixed, intact giardia lamblia trophozoites as antigen is described. employing this assay, we demonstrated that 81% of 59 symptomatic giardiasis patients and 12% of 17 uninfected control subjects had circulating igg antibodies to g. lamblia. eleven out of 15 patients tested serially had detectable antibody from 2 wk to 15 mo after therapy for acute infection. the prevalence of antibody in 197 unselected individuals in the washing ... | 1981 | 7014351 |
| the etiology of anorectal infections in homosexual men. | the infectious etiology of symptomatic anorectal disease was studied in 52 homosexual men who did not have gonococci on initial gram stain of anorectal exudate. herpes simplex virus (hsv) was isolated from the anal canal or rectum in 15 of the 52 (29 percent) men and characteristically caused severe anorectal pain and focal ulcerations visible on sigmoidoscopy. despite negative initial gram stains, seven men (14 percent) had anorectal gonococcal infection. six (12 percent) had syphilis, includin ... | 1981 | 7025620 |
| improved in vitro excystation procedure for giardia lamblia cysts. | giardia lamblia cysts obtained from human symptomatic and asymptomatic donors were excysted in vitro. excystation averaged 87% for cysts from symptomatic donors and 70% for cysts from asymptomatic donors. | 1981 | 7037844 |
| treatment of giardiasis: literature review and recommendations. | giardia lamblia has emerged as the most common intestinal parasite in the united states. this article presents a brief review of the clinically important aspects of giardiasis and evaluates the currently used therapeutic agents. three drugs have been advocated for the treatment of giardiasis; furazolidone (furoxone), metronidazole (flagyl), and quinacrine (atabrine). none of them, however, is ideal. metronidazole and quinacrine are more effective than furazolidone, but furazolidone has the advan ... | 1982 | 7044642 |
| experimental infection of mongrel dogs with giardia lamblia cysts and cultured trophozoites. | in light of recent epidemiologic data implicating wild and domestic animals in the transmission of giardiasis, a study was undertaken to determine whether mongrel dogs could be infected with giardia lamblia. after careful screening for stool examination (a minimum of six stools examined per week for three weeks), dogs were challenged orally with g. lamblia cysts from human stool or trophozoites from an axenic culture. three of eight dogs became infected with cysts, and two of three became infect ... | 1982 | 7054320 |
| inactivation of giardia cysts by chlorine. | cysts of giardia lamblia from symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers had similar resistances to chlorination. | 1982 | 7055375 |
| human host response to giardia lamblia. i. spontaneous killing by mononuclear leukocytes in vitro. | to understand host resistance to giardia lamblia infection, we investigated the capacity of human peripheral blood effector cells to kill g. lamblia trophozoites. peripheral blood was obtained from 12 healthy, uninfected individuals without detectable igg anti-g. lamblia antibody or known exposure to g. lamblia. isolated mononuclear leukocytes (mnl), granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes were cultured 16 hr with g. lamblia that had been pulsed with (3h)tdr while in log growth. mnl from all 12 ... | 1982 | 7057036 |
| experimental infection with giardia lamblia in rats. | sprague-dawley rats were orally inoculated with giardia lamblia cysts. infection was documented using microscopic examination of feces, counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) of feces for g. lamblia antigen, and intestinal biopsy. after inoculation with 150 cysts, 100% of the rats became infected. cie and intestinal biopsy detected infection on days 2-3 after inoculation. results of microscopic examinations were variable, but cysts were observed as early as day 4. cie and intestinal biopsy were comp ... | 1982 | 7069229 |
| diagnosis of giardiasis by counterimmunoelectrophoresis of feces. | the diagnosis of giardiasis is frequently difficult. in the present study, the techniques of microscopic examination of feces, duodenal fluid, and duodenal biopsy specimens were compared with counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) of feces for giardia lamblia antigen. new zealand white rabbits were immunized with purified g. lamblia cysts and axial trophozoites, and the resulting antiserum was used for the detection of antigen. of 276 patients with acute and chronic diarrhea studied using standard d ... | 1982 | 7069230 |
| [diarrhea caused by parasites]. | the role of parasites as etiologic agents in diarrhea is emphasized. in countries of western europe, entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia are the most prevalent species, although some other 20 protozoans and helminths may lead to diarrheic disturbances. parasitology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis and therapy are briefly outlined. the need for competence on the part of the personnel responsible for laboratory diagnosis is emphasized; also, newly developed immunodiagnostic methods m ... | 1982 | 7079687 |
| haematological profile in patients with giardia lamblia infection. | | 1982 | 7082081 |
| intestinal uptake of nutrients and brush border enzymes in normal and thymectomised giardia lamblia infected mice. | | 1982 | 7085029 |
| antigenic analysis of giardia lamblia from afghanistan, puerto rico, ecuador, and oregon. | the trophozoite antigens of giardia lamblia to which host humoral and cellular immune responses are directed have not been identified. therefore, we initiated studies to characterize these antigens in strains of g. lamblia from afghanistan, oregon, ecuador, and puerto rico. by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the electrophoretic mobility patterns of proteins of the four strains were similar; molecular weights of protein bands ranged between 12,000 and 140,000. the antigens which reacted with ... | 1982 | 7085076 |
| immunological response in children infected with giardia lamblia. | | 1982 | 7086237 |
| pyrimidine metabolism in giardia lamblia trophozoites. | the pyrimidine metabolism of giardia lamblia trophozoites (portland i strain) was studied using whole trophozoites and trophozoite homogenates. pyrimidines and pyrimidine nucleosides were readily incorporated into nucleic acids. orotic and aspartic acid incorporations were below the level of detection. enzymes of the pyrimidine salvage pathway (i.e., thymidine and uridine phosphorylases and thymidine and uridine kinases) were detected in trophozoite homogenates, but the activities of de novo pyr ... | 1982 | 7099205 |
| chronic giardiasis: studies on drug sensitivity, toxin production, and host immune response. | we investigated a patient (w.b.) with chronic symptomatic giardiasis despite seven separate courses of either quinacrine or metronidazole who was cured by combined quinacrine and metronidazole. after isolating giardia lamblia from w.b., we cultured the trophozoites to make the following observations. in vitro drug testing showed that (a) w.b.'s organisms were not more drug resistant than three other isolates and that (b) w.b.'s organisms were more sensitive to combined quinacrine and metronidazo ... | 1982 | 7106510 |
| attachment of the flagellate giardia lamblia: role of reducing agents, serum, temperature, and ionic composition. | the flagellated protozoan giardia lamblia has been grown only in highly complex media under reduced oxygen tension. therefore, the organic and physiological requirements for in vitro attachment and short-term (12-h) survival of this organism were determined. in defined maintenance media, a thiol reducing agent (e.g., cysteine) was absolutely required for attachment and survival of this aerotolerant anaerobe. the crude bovine serum cohn iii fraction greatly stimulated attachment and survival. att ... | 1982 | 7110136 |
| giardia lamblia: a clinical-epidemiological case report. | | 1982 | 7142935 |
| [parasitic infestation and haemoglobinopathies in a population of 1170 refugees from south east asia]. | one thousand one hundred and seventy refugees from cambodia, laos and vietnam were examined in the north of france from 1976 to 1980. 58% of them carried digestive parasites, 22% had anti-plasmodium antibodies and 2% showed circulating plasmodium. the most frequent parasites were hookworms (28%), opisthorchiidae (15%) and giardia intestinalis (12%). strongyloides stercoralis (5,7%), entamoeba histolytica (4,5%), tapeworms (3,3%), human coccidia (1,3%) and trichostrongylus sp. (1%) were less freq ... | 1982 | 7145655 |