| [hypotheses on the origin of certain parasites on the latin american continent]. | the south american continent has been connected to africa over millions of centuries. in prehistorical time, the filling of the bering strait allowed passage on firm ground between asia and north america. south american peopling has thus occurred from north america, through the pacific sea and, from the 15th century a.c., through the atlantic. necator americanus was present in south america prior to the arrival of black slaves and its african origin is probably related to contacts between africa ... | 1985 | 3928184 |
| response of balb/c mice to leishmanial infection. | | 1985 | 3930154 |
| gamma interferon activates human macrophages to become tumoricidal and leishmanicidal but enhances replication of macrophage-associated mycobacteria. | recombinant human gamma interferon (rifn-gamma) was examined for its ability to activate human peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages to kill tumor cells and to affect the replication of two phylogenetically distinct intracellular pathogens, mycobacterium tuberculosis and leishmania donovani. macrophages preincubated overnight with doses of rifn-gamma from 5 to 500 u/ml killed [3h]thymidine-labeled mouse l929 tumor targets, as measured by the release of [3h]thymidine into the supernatant ... | 1985 | 3930401 |
| liver macrophages (kupffer cells) as cytotoxic effector cells in extracellular and intracellular cytotoxicity. | the potential of the resident murine kupffer cell to be cytotoxic in extra- and intracellular killing systems in vitro was investigated. kupffer cells exerted no spontaneous cytotoxicity but were readily susceptible to activation with lymphokines. such activated kupffer cells very efficiently killed extracellular p815 cells and intracellular leishmania spp. parasites. kupffer cells could be induced to proliferate in vitro under the influence of colony-stimulating factor (d.-m. chen, h.-s. lin, p ... | 1985 | 3932206 |
| a mr 90 000 surface polypeptide of trypanosoma cruzi as a candidate for a chagas' disease diagnostic antigen. | trypanosoma cruzi (peru strain) trypomastigotes and epimastigotes were biosynthetically labeled with [35s]methionine, and the proteins were analyzed by two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2d-page). 2d-page analysis of the trypomastigotes showed a complex array of polypeptides with distinct clusters at mr 88 000-92 000, isoelectric point (pi) 5.6-6.0, and mr 72 000-76 000, pi 5.6-5.8. 2d-page analysis of the epimastigotes did not show the cluster of polypeptides at mr 90 000. when ... | 1985 | 3932849 |
| absence of gamma interferon and interleukin 2 production during active visceral leishmaniasis. | the lymphocytes from eight patients with active visceral leishmaniasis (vl), a disease associated with marked immunologic dysfunction, were examined for ability to produce interleukin 2 (il-2) and gamma interferon during in vitro cultivation. it was found that both il-2 and gamma interferon production, in response to leishmania antigen, was absent during the active disease, but was restored after successful chemotherapy. untreated vl patients produced il-2 and gamma interferon when stimulated wi ... | 1985 | 3935667 |
| [trials for optimization of the culture conditions of human pathogenic trypanosomas and leishmania]. | due to the extended political, cultural and economic relations with tropical countries a good knowledge of tropical diseases is required. since the direct parasitological diagnosis is superior to the serological one it seems logical to improve the culture conditions for laboratory diagnosis and for immunological and chemotherapeutical tests. trypanosoma cruzi (chagas) and leishmania donovani (kala-azar) were tested in vitro. enlargement of the culture surface at the same volume of the medium at ... | 1985 | 3937462 |
| fine structures of leishmania parasites from racoon dog. | | 1985 | 3938712 |
| selection of a skin test antigen for american visceral leishmaniasis. | studies were designed to examine skin test responses to leishmanial antigens in american visceral leishmaniasis (avl) in brazil. we found that after recovery from avl, patients had positive delayed hypersensitivity reactions to leishmania. different amounts of a soluble extract obtained from leishmania donovani chagasi promastigotes were compared with whole l. d. chagasi promastigotes in persons with past avl. the most effective soluble preparations tested contained 25 and 50 micrograms leishman ... | 1986 | 3946739 |
| activity of pentamidine-containing human red cell ghosts against visceral leishmaniasis in the hamster. | a recent approach to the chemotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis has been the encapsulation of clinical agents within macrophage directed carriers such as liposomes. because in mammals leishmania are obligate intramacrophage microorganisms, injection of an encapsulated drug should deliver large quantities of drug to the organisms, thus decreasing both the number of drug administrations needed for cure and drug toxicity. drugs contained within red cell ghosts have been used clinically to treat oth ... | 1986 | 3953944 |
| a hand-held photometer for quantitative dot-immunobinding assays. | a simple multichannel transmission photometer is presented. this instrument is designed to give a quantitative result from dot-immunobinding assays. the optoelectronic components of the system (yellow gap light-emitting diode and cds photoresistor) have been selected to match the absorbance maximum of the product generated by the peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of 4-chloro-1-naphthol. the standard deviation of duplicate measures is lower than 0.5% on a single channel and lower than 1.5% on differ ... | 1986 | 3954032 |
| electrophoretic analysis of the polypeptides of leishmania amastigotes and promastigotes. | the polypeptides of leishmania mexicana mexicana (m379), l. m. amazonensis (lv78), l. major (lv39) and l. d. donovani (lv39) amastigotes and cultured promastigotes have been analysed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the polypeptide banding patterns of the promastigotes of the four species were quite similar, but distinct differences were detected between those of amastigotes. the results suggest that the various species of leishmania are adapted differently for survival and growth in t ... | 1986 | 3956174 |
| karyotype analysis of leishmania species and its use in classification and clinical diagnosis. | chromosomes of four species of leishmania represented by ten different geographic isolates were analyzed by pulsed field gradient gel electrophoresis (pfg) to assess chromosome stability in these parasitic protozoans. among different geographic isolates of the same subspecies, more than two-thirds of chromosomes had similar sizes, ethidium bromide staining intensities, and locations of alpha,beta-tubulin genes. however, among new world leishmania, members of different species or subspecies have ... | 1986 | 3961502 |
| characterization of leishmania donovani acid phosphatases. | a crude membrane fraction from promastigotes of leishmania donovani grown in a liquid culture medium containing 20% fetal calf serum was prepared by freeze-thawing, centrifugation (200,000 x g, 30 min), and extraction with 2% (w/v) sodium cholate. after removal of the bile salt by chromatography on a sephadex g-75 column, the solubilized membrane protein fraction, rich in acid phosphatase activity, was chromatographed on columns containing concanavalin a-sepharose, qae-sephadex, and sephadex g-1 ... | 1985 | 3968070 |
| primary isolation and growth patterns of leishmania donovani in mammalian non-phagocytic cell lines. | | 1985 | 3981343 |
| lipid analyses of isolated surface membranes of leishmania donovani promastigotes. | constituent lipids of surface membranes (sm) isolated from leishmania donovani promastigotes were analyzed and compared with those obtained from whole cells and an isolated kinetoplast-mitochondrion fraction (km). on a dry weight basis, the total extractable lipids constituted approximately 47%, 12% and 24% of the sm, cells and km, respectively. the total lipids of sm, cells and km all were composed of approximately 70% phospholipids (pl), 20-25% neutral lipids and 5-10% glycolipids. sterols and ... | 1985 | 3982233 |
| enhancement of glucantime therapy of murine leishmania donovani infection by a synthetic immunopotentiating compound (cp-46,665-1). | the therapeutic efficacy of cp-46,665-1, a synthetic lipoidal amine with proven immunomodulatory and anti-tumor properties, in combination with chemotherapy was evaluated in l. donovani-infected c57bl/6 mice. immunostimulation and drug treatment resulted in a 10-fold lesser infection level than in untreated mice, while animals treated with glucantime alone exhibited only a modest amelioration of the infection. we also studied the capacity of cp-elicited peritoneal macrophages of c57bl/6 mice cul ... | 1985 | 3985270 |
| chemotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis (leishmania donovani) in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | the relationship of the numbers of amastigotes in the liver to the duration of infection with two lines of a khartoum strain of leishmania donovani [designated the parent (p) line and the meglumine antimoniate (glucantime) resistant (mar) line] and the effect of meglumine antimoniate on these two lines of leishmania were studied in the squirrel monkey. all experimental monkeys were inoculated via the saphenous vein with 32.5 x 10(6) amastigotes (per kg body weight), obtained from heavily-infecte ... | 1985 | 3985702 |
| synergistic effect of glucantime and a liposome-encapsulated muramyl dipeptide analog in therapy of experimental visceral leishmaniasis. | a regimen of immunostimulation with 6-0-stearoyl-n-acetylmuramyl-l-alpha-aminobutyryl-d-isoglutamine, a lipophilic analog of muramyl dipeptide, combined with antimonial drug therapy was evaluated in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis of mice and hamsters. the combined treatment was found to be more effective in the elimination of leishmania donovani amastigotes from infected tissue macrophages than was either of the two treatments applied individually. in mice, it was found that immunostimu ... | 1985 | 3988341 |
| effects of long-term in vitro cultivation on leishmania donovani promastigotes. | promastigotes of leishmania donovani that had been subcultured in modified tobie's medium for 2 to 3 years showed decreased infectivity and lack of virulence for hamsters and mice compared to newly transformed promastigotes. amastigotes derived from these long-term promastigote cultures decreased in number rapidly in hamsters, but only slightly in mice, over a 48-day period. in cultured mouse and hamster macrophages infected in vitro, amastigotes derived from long-term cultures rapidly decreased ... | 1985 | 3989752 |
| imported canine visceral leishmaniasis in denmark. | the first case of imported visceral leishmaniasis in the dog in denmark, and probably in scandinavia, is described. the dog, a 5-year-old female wire-haired bird dog, became ill about 21 months after it had returned from a year's stay in spain (malaga). the clinical signs were fever, lameness, enlargement of the popliteal lymph nodes and weight loss. a tentative clinical diagnosis of leukaemia was discarded after the microscopic recognition of leishmania organisms in a biopsy from a popliteal ly ... | 1985 | 3991351 |
| anti-leishmanial effect of allopurinol ribonucleoside and the related compounds, allopurinol, thiopurinol, thiopurinol ribonucleoside, and of formycin b, sinefungin and the lepidine wr6026. | allopurinol and allopurinol ribonucleoside tested in vitro and in vivo for activity against leishmania donovani. activity in vitro was low against the amastigote form of this parasite with ed50 values of the order of 54 and 96 microm and 86 and 213 microm respectively for the two compounds. in vivo inhibition of up to 47% was achieved with allopurinol ribonucleoside given in the drinking water. however, low blood levels were found in the mouse relative to those in man. low in vivo activity was a ... | 1985 | 3992630 |
| an h-11-linked gene has a parallel effect on leishmania major and l. donovani infections in mice. | the courses of visceral infection following intravenous injection of leishmania donovani amastigotes, or lesion growth following subcutaneous injection of l. major promastigotes, were examined in b10.129(10m) (h-2b, h-11b) mice and compared with disease profiles observed in congenic c57bl/10scsn(= b10) (h-2b, h-11a) and b10.d2/n (h-2d, h-11a) mice, and in balb/mice. possession of alternative alleles at h-11 and closely linked loci transformed the normal curing/healing phenotype of b10 mice into ... | 1985 | 3997209 |
| leishmania donovani parasitaemia in kenyan visceral leishmaniasis. | twenty kenyan patients with visceral leishmaniasis were evaluated for the presence of leishmania donovani in their peripheral blood. smears, cultures and hamster inoculations detected parasitaemia in 11, 10 and six patients, respectively, and at least one method detected parasitaemia in 15 patients (75%). the likelihood of detecting parasitaemia correlated with the density of parasites in splenic aspirate smears. it is apparent that parasitaemia with l. donovani occurs frequently in kenyan patie ... | 1985 | 4002290 |
| leishmaniasis in bolivia. i. lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) as the vector of visceral leishmaniasis in los yungas. | a relatively high leishmanial infection rate was found in the phlebotomine sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis collected from three villages of the los yungas region (department of la paz, bolivia). 2,578 female sandflies were dissected. in three houses surveyed in santa barbara promastigote infection rates of lu. longipalpis were 4.2, 2.2 and 3.2% respectively. anatomical localization of the infection in the insect, and biochemical characterization of the strains indicate that the parasite belongs to ... | 1985 | 4002292 |
| enhancement of infectivity of leishmania donovani promastigotes by serial mouse passages. | | 1985 | 4009354 |
| relationship between delayed hypersensitivity response and acquired cell-mediated immunity in c57bl/6j mice infected with leishmania donovani. | the relationship between the development of acquired cell-mediated immunity and the concomitant level of specific delayed hypersensitivity (dh) in c57bl/6j mice infected with the intracellular protozoan parasite leishmania donovani was studied. it was determined that the intradermal injection of leishmania antigen (heat- or phenol-killed flagellated forms of l. donovani) could elicit a dh response as early as day 10 and as late as day 120 postinfection in mice infected by the intravenous route. ... | 1985 | 4018876 |
| inosine analogs. their metabolism in mouse l cells and in leishmania donovani. | the growth of leishmania donovani promastigotes and mouse l cells is differentially inhibited by several inosine analogs with modifications in the imidazole ring. the protozoal and mammalian cells also demonstrate differential metabolism of these analogs. 7-deazainosine, 7-thia-7,9-dideazainosine, and formycin b were converted to their respective atp analogs by both cell types. 8-azainosine was converted to a gtp analog by mouse l cells; l. donovani did not metabolize this nucleoside. 9-deazaino ... | 1985 | 4019491 |
| mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis associated with progressive amyloid deposition in hamsters experimentally infected with leishmania donovani. | in the present work, 42 golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) were infected by intracardiac injection of 5 x 10(6) amastigote forms of leishmania donovani. another group of 28 animals served as uninfected controls. six hamsters of the infected group and four hamsters of the control group were selected randomly and sacrificed at days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, and 49 after inoculation. the kidneys were studied by light microscopy, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. the levels of serum and u ... | 1985 | 4025511 |
| inhibition of in vivo and in vitro infectivity of leishmania donovani by tunicamycin. | leishmania donovani 2s strain promastigotes were rendered non-infectious to mice and mouse peritoneal macrophages by treatment with tunicamycin, an inhibitor of n-linked protein glycosylation. concentrations of tunicamycin (1-10 micrograms ml-1) that reduced promastigote infectivity to 2% or less of control levels had little or no measurable effect on the in vitro growth of the promastigotes. tunicamycin has no apparent effect on the entry of promastigotes into macrophages. these results indicat ... | 1985 | 4033693 |
| immunosuppression associated with visceral leishmaniasis of hamsters. | immunosuppression was demonstrated during the course of leishmania donovani infection of outbred and inbred hamsters. proliferative responses of splenic lymphocytes to the mitogen concanavalin a (con a) and to promastigote antigens were used as indicators of immune responsiveness. although splenic lymphocyte proliferative responses to parasite antigens were demonstrable 3 weeks after challenge, antigen specific lymphocyte responses diminished as the infection progressed. two types of immunosuppr ... | 1985 | 4034238 |
| enhanced metabolism of leishmania donovani amastigotes at acid ph: an adaptation for intracellular growth. | amastigotes (tissue forms) of leishmania donovani isolated from infected hamster spleens carried out several physiological activities (respiration, catabolism of energy substrates, and incorporation of precursors into macromolecules) optimally at ph 4.0 to 5.5. all metabolic activities that were examined decreased sharply above the optimal ph. promastigotes (culture forms), on the other hand, carried out the same metabolic activities optimally at or near neutral ph. this adaptation to an acid en ... | 1985 | 4035350 |
| the interaction of leishmania donovani promastigotes and human fibroblasts in vitro. | leishmania donovani promastigotes derived from infected hamster spleens, in either log phase or stationary phase growth, associated with human foreskin fibroblasts in vitro and assumed the morphological characteristics of amastigotes. this apparent conversion was noted within hours at 26 degrees c, 32 degrees c or 37 degrees c; in the continued presence of promastigotes, increasing numbers of amastigote-like forms were seen for 2 weeks at 26 degrees c or 32 degrees c. at 37 degrees c amastigote- ... | 1985 | 4037177 |
| an ultrastructural investigation of leishmania donovani infection in genetically resistant and susceptible mouse strains. | natural resistance to the growth of leishmania donovani in mice is controlled by a gene (lsh) which is expressed, in an unknown fashion, in macrophages. early net growth rate of the parasite is much higher in mice strains bearing the susceptible allele (lshs) than in resistant (lshr) mice. intracellular events occurring in the kupffer cells during this period have been studied at the ultrastructural level. it was found that the number of dividing amastigotes per thin section of infected cell was ... | 1985 | 4039968 |
| amidoximes of pentamidine: synthesis, trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activity. | for the study of the biotransformation of pentamidine and the evaluation of its trypanocidal and leishmanicidal properties the n-hydroxylated derivatives ii and iii were prepared. in ii and iii, one or both the terminal amidine moieties of pentamidine are replaced by an amidoxime. these amidoximes ii and iii were tested against various trypanosoma species and leishmania donovani in mice and golden hamsters, respectively. the studies demonstrate that the pentamidine derivatives ii and iii were ac ... | 1985 | 4052136 |
| [the role of phlebotomus alexandri in the transmission of kala-azar]. | | 1985 | 4053323 |
| genetic control of systemic leishmania major infections: dissociation of intrahepatic amastigote replication from control by the lsh gene. | systemic disease induced by leishmania major was estimated by microscopic examination of liver impression smears and determination of numbers of intrahepatic amastigotes in intravenously or subcutaneously infected inbred, hybrid, and congenic mice. the distribution of susceptible phenotypes among these mice, particularly the susceptibility of a strain congenic for lshr, strongly suggested that lsh, a gene which controls intrahepatic replication of leishmania donovani, does not influence systemic ... | 1985 | 4055035 |
| leishmania donovani: clinical, hematologic and hepatic changes in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | clinical signs, parasite densities, and hematologic and hepatic changes were studied in 7 squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) each of which was inoculated intravenously with amastigotes (5.0 x 10(7) per kg body weight) of a khartoum strain (wr 378) of leishmania donovani. one control monkey was inoculated with uninfected hamster spleen homogenate. five of the infected monkeys recovered spontaneously from visceral leishmaniasis by 8 to 15 wk postinoculation (wk pi) and 2 of the infected monkeys d ... | 1985 | 4057001 |
| [ecology of leishmaniasis in the south of france. 21. influence of temperature on the development of leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908 in phlebotomus ariasi tonnoir, 1921. experimental study]. | the influence of temperature on the life-cycle of leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908 (isolated from a dog in the cévennes) in a known vector (phlebotomus ariasi tonnoir, 1921) was studied with special reference to the proportion of flies infected and the intensity and localization of parasites in the sandfly. wild female sandflies were caught at night by active searches and were put with a heavily infected dog in a mosquito net on the night of capture. on the following morning, engorged females w ... | 1985 | 4062175 |
| a study of the sensitivity of leishmania donovani promastigotes and amastigotes to hydrogen peroxide. i. differences in sensitivity correlate with parasite-mediated removal of hydrogen peroxide. | the sensitivities of promastigotes and amastigotes of leishmania donovani to reagent or glucose oxidase-generated hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) were examined in a phagocyte-free system and compared with direct measurements of loss of h2o2 due to reaction with the parasite. using a combined fluorescence dye uptake/dye exclusion viability assay in conjunction with motility and transformation data it was shown that log-phase promastigotes harvested from recently transformed cultures were intermediate in ... | 1985 | 4069751 |
| a study of the sensitivity of leishmania donovani promastigotes and amastigotes to hydrogen peroxide. ii. possible mechanisms involved in protective h2o2 scavenging. | different hydrogen peroxide (h2o2)-scavenging mechanisms, and the conditions under which they operate, have been examined in promastigotes and amastigotes of leishmania donovani. for promastigotes, the ability of the parasite to remove h2o2 was completely ablated by sonication whereas for sonicated amastigotes substantial loss of h2o2 from the phagocyte-free test system still occurred. in direct contrast, the ability of amastigotes, but not promastigotes, to remove h2o2 was markedly inhibited by ... | 1985 | 4069752 |
| differential effect of sinefungin and its analogs on the multiplication of three leishmania species. | sinefungin and seven analogs were evaluated in vitro for activity against promastigote multiplication of leishmania donovani, l. tropica, and l. enrietti. of these compounds, sinefungin, the cyclic derivative, and a9145c were leishmanicidal at concentrations ranging from 0.13 to 2.6 microm. sinefungin was the most active of these three compounds against l. donovani, and a9145c was most active against l. enrietti. none of the remaining derivatives exhibited significant activity against any one of ... | 1985 | 4073875 |
| participation of natural killer cells in the recovery of mice from visceral leishmaniasis. | after infection with the protozoan parasite leishmania donovani, c57bl/6j bg/bg (beige) mice, which are deficient in natural killer (nk) activity, were unable to control splenic parasite loads relative to phenotypically normal c57bl/6j bg/+ and +/+ mice, particularly beyond 21 days of infection. when beige mice were injected intravenously with 2 or 3 x 10(6) syngeneic, cloned nk cells (nkb61b10 cell line), they displayed splenic parasite burdens which did not differ significantly from those of n ... | 1985 | 4075411 |
| leishmania donovani: amastigote inhibition and mode of action of berberine. | berberine, an alkaloid from berberis aristata linnaeus, may be a useful drug for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. in both the 8-day and long-term models of leishmania donovani infection in hamsters, it markedly diminished the parasitic load and proved to be less toxic than pentamidine. it rapidly improved the hematological picture of infected animals. like pentamidine, it inhibited in vitro multiplication of amastigotes in macrophage culture and their transformation to promastigotes in c ... | 1985 | 4076392 |
| visceral leishmaniasis in the netherlands. | | 1985 | 4080049 |
| induction and detection of leishmanial infections in rattus norvegicus. | weanling sprague-dawley rats were injected intradermally with leishmania major or with l. donovani promastigotes. parasites could be cultivated from the skin at times from 2 to 28 days after infection. at necropsy, no parasites were observed in spleen or liver impression smears, nor could they be cultivated from heart blood or spleen, even when skin cultures were positive. rats were not highly susceptible to infection with l. donovani, since parasites could be cultured from skin only at 2 days a ... | 1985 | 4082256 |
| [cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern algeria]. | a resurgence of cutaneous leishmaniasis is presently noted in northern algeria. this form of oriental sore is caused by a parasite belonging to the leishmania donovani complex. its epidemiological and clinical characteristics allow distinction with the l. major zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis known to occur in the steppe regions of algeria. preliminary results of a clinical trial involving the use of ketoconazole, indicate that this drug is rapidly effective. | 1985 | 4085100 |
| [isoenzyme characteristics of strains of the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis in the territory of the ussr]. | | 1985 | 4088147 |
| a comparison of counterimmunoelectrophoresis and indirect haemagglutination tests for the immunoepidemiological investigation of kala-azar. | counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) using cell-free extracts of leishmania donovani promastigotes and trypanosoma brucei as antigens and indirect haemagglutination (iha) using commercially prepared reagents were compared for their diagnostic efficacy and applicability to immunoepidemiological studies in an area of bangladesh where kala-azar is present. the cie was positive for all parasitologically confirmed cases whereas the iha positivity was only 60%. the t. brucei antigen was equally as good, ... | 1985 | 4095600 |
| the causative organism of infantile kala-azar in egypt. | | 1985 | 4095759 |
| evaluation of complement fixation procedures for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. | three complement fixation (cf) procedures were evaluated for their ability to detect serum antibodies to visceral leishmaniasis. these tests differ in their use of buffers, volumes of complement and sensitized erythrocyte concentrations, incubation times and percentage haemolysis endpoints. freeze-thawed sonicates of leishmania donovani promastignotes were used as antigen. test sensitivity was determined using sera from 46 kenyans with parasitologically proven leishmaniasis. the frequencies of p ... | 1985 | 4096564 |
| evidence for a polysaccharide surface coat in the developmental stages of leishmania donovani: a fine structure-cytochemical study. | | 1974 | 4136730 |
| [study on anti-leishmania donovani antibodies in a sample of animal serums]. | | 1974 | 4138212 |
| leishmania donovani: antibody response to chicken ovalbumin by infected golden hamsters. | | 1969 | 4188549 |
| effect of macrophage engulfment and temperature on the transformation process of leishmania donovani. | | 1970 | 4195298 |
| [common antigenic fractions revealed by immunoprecipitation in gel, between mycobacterium phlei (mycobacteriaceae) and leishmania donovani (trypanosomidae)]. | | 1972 | 4197659 |
| [immunoelectrophoretic diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis with the use of a hydrosoluble antigenic extract of leishmania donovani. preliminary results]. | | 1973 | 4198290 |
| cellular immunity to leishmania donovani. i. the effect of t cell depletion on resistance to l. donovani in mice. | | 1974 | 4214869 |
| leishmania donovani and l. mexicana: production of the excretion factor. | | 1974 | 4372017 |
| [comparative electrophoretic studies on leishmanial parasites of cutaneous leishmaniasis of the new world and their relationships to leishmania donovani and l. tropica (author's transl)]. | | 1974 | 4372753 |
| polyribosomes in thin sections of leishmania donovani. | | 1970 | 4392893 |
| effects of promastigote growth phase, frequency of subculture, and host age on promastigote-initiated infections with leishmania donovani in the golden hamster. | | 1974 | 4418716 |
| studies on malate or oxaloacetate formation from bicarbonate and pyruvate or phosphoenol pyruvate in cell-free extracts of leishmania donovani. | | 1974 | 4452238 |
| [protection against leishmania donovani induced in hamsters with an irradiated homologous strain]. | | 1974 | 4470177 |
| cellular immunity to leishmania donovani. ii. evidence for synergy between thymocytes and lymph node cells in reconstitution of acquired resistance to l. donovani in mice. | | 1974 | 4547777 |
| preliminary electron microscope observations on the amastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania donovani. | | 1972 | 4558827 |
| [studies on the detection of antibodies in kala-azar patients and animals experimentally infected with leishmania donovani (author's transl)]. | | 1973 | 4582782 |
| appearance of leishmania donovani (kenya strain) in the blood of experimentally infected golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus). | | 1972 | 4636103 |
| proline metabolism in leishmania donovani promastigotes. | | 1972 | 4641905 |
| [ecology of leishmaniasis in the south of france. 3. comparative receptivity of phlebotomus ariasi tonnoir 1921 and rhipicephalus turianicus pomerancev and matikasvili, 1940 to leishmania donovani (laveran and mesnil, 1903)]. | | 1972 | 4655366 |
| interaction and transformation of leishmania donovani within in vitro cultured cells. an electron microscopical study. | | 1972 | 4673813 |
| anaerobic formation of succinate from glucose and bicarbonate in resting cells of leishmania donovani. | | 1973 | 4691925 |
| leishmania donovani: effect of temperature on rna metabolism. | | 1973 | 4691926 |
| mystromys albicaudatus, the african white-tailed rat, as an experimental host for leishmania donovani. | | 1973 | 4760640 |
| [characterization of leishmania donovani strains by disc electrophoresis]. | | 1973 | 4778589 |
| lectin binding saccharides on a parasitic protozoan. | leishmania donovani promastigotes were specifically agglutinated by concanavalin a and phytohemagglutinin p. somatic-somatic, flagellar-somatic, and flagellar-flagellar type agglutination was observed with the lectins. enzyme-treated promastigotes gave reduced lectin agglutination reactions. the results suggest that complex saccharide moieties are randomly distributed on the surface of this organism. | 1974 | 4819678 |
| [fractionation of bcg methylic extract and purification of the antigenic fractions related to leishmania donovani]. | | 1974 | 4845213 |
| letter: genetic control of natural resistance to leishmania donovani. | | 1974 | 4852791 |
| infection of macrophages in culture by leptomonads of leishmania donovani. | | 1967 | 4883445 |
| effects of interferon inducers on the intracellular growth of the protozoan parasite, leishmania donovani. | | 1970 | 4908372 |
| [serological diagnosis of leishmaniasis by immunofluorescence of liver and spleen sections of hamsters infected with leishmania donovani]. | | 1969 | 4933939 |
| interaction of leishmania donovani and hamster peritoneal macrophages. a phase-contrast microscopical study. | | 1971 | 4936115 |
| the immune response of golden hamsters to leishmania donovani as tested by immunoelectroadsorption. | | 1967 | 4952868 |
| [behavior of leishmania donovani in the presence of mouse macrophages maintained in vitro]. | | 1966 | 4961586 |
| [behavioral differences of leishmania donovani in the macrophages of the mouse, rat and hamster in vivo and in vitro]. | | 1967 | 4965093 |
| the leishmania-leptomonad transformation of leishmania donovani: nutritional requirements, respiration changes and antigenic changes. | | 1968 | 4966877 |
| acriflavin-induced dyskinetoplastic leishmania donovani grown in monkey kidney cell culture. | | 1968 | 4966878 |
| leishmania donovani; partial characterization of some flagellate cytoplasmic immunogens. | | 1972 | 5031323 |
| a monophasic medium for cultivating leishmania donovani in large numbers. | | 1972 | 5057248 |
| variation in susceptibility of mouse strains to leishmania donovani infection. | | 1972 | 5071050 |
| inhibition of leishmania donovani reproduction during chronic infections in mice. | | 1971 | 5092414 |
| occurrence of a 5,7-diene sterol in leishmania donovani. | | 1971 | 5093419 |
| morphology and infectivity of leishmania donovani cultivated in nonliving media at elevated temperatures. | | 1971 | 5131691 |
| macrophage activity of thymectomized mice infected with leishmania donovani. | | 1971 | 5132613 |
| [effect of cortisone on experimental infections induced in hamsters and mice with leptomonad forms of leishmania donovani]. | | 1971 | 5152933 |
| [flagellates, their structure, function and other properties. iv. effect of ginine and formaldehyde on the ultrastructure of leishmania donovani]. | | 1971 | 5152993 |
| [flagellates, their structure, function and other properties. v. cytochemical studies of trypanosoma equiperdum and leishmania donovani]. | | 1971 | 5152994 |
| fluorescent antibody studies on the intracellular form of leishmania donovani grown in cell culture. | | 1965 | 5320324 |
| leishmaniasis in brazil. iv. the fox, cerdocyon thous (l) as a reservoir of leishmania donovani in para state, brazil. | | 1969 | 5368005 |
| [study of the ultrastructure of leishmania donovani after numerous passages in vitro]. | | 1969 | 5375132 |