| dual δ¹³c/δ¹⁸o response to water and nitrogen availability and its relationship with yield in field-grown durum wheat. | the combined use of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in plant matter is a tool of growing interest in cereal crop management and breeding, owing to its relevance for assessing the photosynthetic and transpirative performance under different growing conditions including water and n regimes. however, this method has not been applied to wheat grown under real field conditions. here, plant growth, grain yield (gy) and the associated agronomic components, carbon isotope discrimination (δ¹³c) plus ox ... | 2011 | 21062317 |
| association mapping in durum wheat grown across a broad range of water regimes. | association mapping was used to dissect the genetic basis of drought-adaptive traits and grain yield (gy) in a collection of 189 elite durum wheat accessions evaluated in 15 environments highly different for water availability during the crop cycle (from 146 to 711 mm) and gy (from 9.9 to 67.3 q ha(-1)). for highly heritable traits (e.g. heading date, kernel weight, etc.) several significant experiment-wise marker-trait associations were detected across five or more (up to 13 for kernel weight) ... | 2011 | 21041372 |
| improved nitrogen nutrition enhances root uptake, root-to-shoot translocation and remobilization of zinc ((65) zn) in wheat. | this study focussed on the effect of increasing nitrogen (n) supply on root uptake and root-to-shoot translocation of zinc (zn) as well as retranslocation of foliar-applied zn in durum wheat (triticum durum). nutrient solution experiments were conducted to examine the root uptake and root-to-shoot translocation of (65) zn in seedlings precultured with different n supplies. in additional experiments, the effect of varied n nutrition on retranslocation of foliar-applied (65) zn was tested at both ... | 2011 | 21029104 |
| involvement of root aba and hydraulic conductivity in the control of water relations in wheat plants exposed to increased evaporative demand. | we studied the possible involvement of aba in the control of water relations under conditions of increased evaporative demand. warming the air by 3°c increased stomatal conductance and raised transpiration rates of hydroponically grown triticum durum plants while bringing about a temporary loss of relative water content (rwc) and immediate cessation of leaf extension. however, both rwc and extension growth recovered within 30 min although transpiration remained high. the restoration of leaf hydr ... | 2011 | 20924765 |
| estimation of selenium intake in switzerland in relation to selected food groups. | the selenium concentration in foods was analysed in order to identify principal sources of this trace element in switzerland. selenium intake estimations based on three different approaches were carried out. from the relationship between intake and serum/plasma concentration, the selenium intake was estimated to 66 µg day(-1). the second approach based on measured food groups combined with consumption statistics; and the third approach consisted of duplicate meal samples. with the last two metho ... | 2010 | 20835933 |
| role of ingredients in pasta product quality: a review on recent developments. | pasta is prepared using dough made from any suitable material such as semolina, durum flour, farina flour, corn, rice, wheat, or any combination of these, with water. also, pasta can be enriched, supplemented, fortified, or remain conventional. in recent years, several ingredients and additives have been developed and are being used to improve the quality of pasta made from aestivum or durum wheat. here we analyze how the different ingredients play an important role in pasta manufacture by enhan ... | 2010 | 20830636 |
| rapid surface plasmon resonance immunoassay for the determination of deoxynivalenol in wheat, wheat products, and maize-based baby food. | a rapid screening assay (9 min/sample) has been developed and validated for the detection of deoxynivalenol in durum wheat, wheat products, and maize-based baby foods using an spr biosensor. through a single laboratory validation, the limits of detection (lod) for wheat, wheat-based breakfast cereal, and maize-based baby food were 57, 9, and 6 μg/kg, respectively. intra-assay and interassay precisions were calculated for each matrix at the maximum and half-maximum european union regulatory limit ... | 2010 | 23654230 |
| volatile metabolites in various cereal grains. | to date, studies on volatile metabolites in cereal grain have focused mainly on a single species. in this paper, results are presented of the analysis of volatile compounds in five cereal grain species (spring wheat, durum wheat, triticale, rye, oats and barley) based on representative sampling of at least 15 cultivars of individual species. profiles of volatile compounds were determined using solid phase microextraction (spme) and gc-tof (time of flight mass spectrometry). many of the volatile ... | 2010 | 20730644 |
| in search of tetraploid wheat accessions reduced in celiac disease-related gluten epitopes. | tetraploid wheat (durum wheat) is mainly used for the preparation of pasta. as a result of breeding, thousands of tetraploid wheat varieties exist, but also tetraploid landraces are still maintained and used for local food preparations. gluten proteins present in wheat can induce celiac disease, a t-cell mediated auto-immune disorder, in genetically predisposed individuals after ingestion. compared to hexaploid wheat, tetraploid wheat might be reduced in t-cell stimulatory epitopes that cause ce ... | 2010 | 20714643 |
| floret development of durum wheat in response to nitrogen availability. | in mediterranean durum wheat production, nitrogen (n) fertilization may be important to stabilize and increase yields. wheat yield responses to n fertilization are usually related to grains per m(2), which in turn is the consequence of processes related to floret development (floret initiation followed by floret death/survival) during stem elongation. the literature is rather scarce in terms of the relevance of floret developmental dynamics, determining the final number of grains in general term ... | 2010 | 20696655 |
| effect of salinity and water stress during the reproductive stage on growth, ion concentrations, delta 13c, and delta 15n of durum wheat and related amphiploids. | the physiological performance of durum wheat and two related amphiploids was studied during the reproductive stage under different combinations of salinity and irrigation. one triticale, one tritordeum, and four durum wheat genotypes were grown in pots in the absence of stress until heading, when six different treatments were imposed progressively. treatments resulted from the combination of two irrigation regimes (100% and 35% of container water capacity) with three levels of water salinity (1. ... | 2010 | 20660293 |
| root cadmium desorption methods and their evaluation with compartmental modeling. | • desorption of plant roots is often employed in studies of plant physiology and nutrition; however, there have been few studies on the validity of desorption procedures. • branched and in-line kinetic models with five compartments - cadmium (cd)-chelate, cd(2+), root apoplast, root symplast and vacuole - were developed to evaluate the efficacy of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (dtpa) and cacl(2) methods for the desorption of cd from roots of durum wheat seedlings. solution cd(2+) could exch ... | 2010 | 20609117 |
| proteomic analysis of wheat embryos with 2-de and liquid-phase chromatography (proteomelab pf-2d)--a wider perspective of the proteome. | cereal embryos are a model system to study desiccation tolerance due to their ability to survive extreme water loss during late embryogenesis. to identify proteins accumulating in mature embryos which can be used as potential markers for dehydration tolerance, we compared the embryo proteome from two durum wheat genotypes (triticum durum desf.), mahmoudi (salt and drought sensitive) and om rabia3 (salt and drought tolerant). total protein extracts from wheat embryos were analyzed by using conven ... | 2010 | 20566372 |
| a mechanistic model for understanding root-induced chemical changes controlling phosphorus availability. | plant nutrition models do not properly account for the effects of root-induced chemical changes in the rhizosphere, e.g. ph changes, on the availability of nutrients such as phosphorus (p). as a result, they underestimate the actual p uptake, i.e. p bioavailability to the plant, in low-p soils. the present study aims at simulating root-induced chemical mechanisms controlling p nutrition in a p-limited soil. | 2010 | 20495198 |
| comparative proteome analysis of metabolic proteins from seeds of durum wheat (cv. svevo) subjected to heat stress. | in central and southern italy, where durum wheat represents one of the most widely cultivated crops, grain filling occurs during spring, a period characterized by sudden increases in temperature. wheat grain proteins are classified into albumins, globulins, and prolamins. the nonprolamin fractions include proteins with metabolic activity or structural function. in order to investigate the consequences of heat stress on the accumulation of nonprolamin proteins in mature durum wheat kernels, the i ... | 2010 | 20394079 |
| cooking properties and heat damage of dried pasta as influenced by raw material characteristics and processing conditions. | dried pasta represents a primary food in the diet of many populations who mainly perceive its quality in terms of cooking performances. indeed, this and other aspects of pasta quality arise from several technological parameters starting from the usage of durum wheat semolina as raw material. in this paper, the chemical and physical characteristics of semolina directly related to dried pasta quality are discussed, taking into account the biochemical phenomena involving semolina components and occ ... | 2010 | 20373190 |
| effect of municipal solid waste compost and sewage sludge use on wheat (triticum durum): growth, heavy metal accumulation, and antioxidant activity. | inappropriate utilisation of biosolids may adversely impact agrosystem productivity. here, we address the response of wheat (triticum durum) to different doses (0, 40, 100, 200 and 300 t ha(-1)) of either municipal solid waste (msw) compost or sewage sludge in a greenhouse pot experiment. plant growth, heavy metal uptake, and antioxidant activity were considered. | 2010 | 20355136 |
| polymorphism of a new ty1-copia retrotransposon in durum wheat under salt and light stresses. | long terminal repeat retrotransposons are the most abundant mobile elements in the plant genome and play an important role in the genome reorganization induced by environmental challenges. their success depends on the ability of their promoters to respond to different signaling pathways that regulate plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. we have isolated a new ty1-copia-like retrotransposon, named ttd1a from the triticum durum l. genome. to get insight into stress activation pathways ... | 2010 | 20237753 |
| [global diversity of durum wheat triticum durum desf. for alleles of gliadin-coding loci]. | genetic diversity for the alleles of gliadin-coding loci was studied with 465 durum wheat cultivars from 42 countries. a total of 108 alleles were identified for four loci; 60 alleles were described for the first time. broad diversity of rare gliadin-coding alleles was observed. the highest genetic diversity was characteristic of durum wheat cultivars from the middle east, trans-caucasia, the pyrenean peninsula, and the balkans. two genetically isolated ancient branches were isolated. a southern ... | 2010 | 20198879 |
| gamma irradiation effects on durum wheat (triticum durum desf.) under various conditions. | the effects on morphological and physiological characters of durum wheat (triticum durum desf.) plants issued from seeds upon irradiation with low doses of cobalt gamma rays (i.e., 0, 10, 20 and 30 gy), were studied. the study is carried out in the experimental research station of ecole supérieure d'agriculture du kef (north west tunisia) in 2008/2009. in petri dishes, the 20 gy dose caused an increase of the speed and germination capacity (gc) of the seeds as compared to non irradiated ones. pl ... | 2009 | 20180332 |
| relative yield loss calculations in wheat (triticum durum desf. cv. camacho) due to ozone exposure. | in this work, an estimation of the relative yield losses of wheat due to ozone exposure is made by means of two approaches proposed by the clrtap (convention on long range transboundary air pollution): the exposure-response approach, which deals with the exposure of plants to ozone during a certain time, and the accumulated uptake approach, which, besides ozone exposure, deals with the velocity of absorption of the contaminant and the environmental factors that modulate that absorption. once the ... | 2010 | 20098954 |
| epistasis and genotype-by-environment interaction of grain protein content in durum wheat. | parental, f(1) , f (2) , bc (1) and bc (2) generations of four crosses involving four cultivars of durum wheat (triticum durum desf.) were evaluated at two sites in tunisia. a three-parameter model was found inadequate for all cases except crosses chili x cocorit 71 at site sidi thabet and inrat 69 x karim at both sites. in most cases a digenic epistatic model was sufficient to explain variation in generation means. dominance effects (h) and additive x additive epistasis (i) (when significant) w ... | 2010 | 21637615 |
| [allelic diversity at gliadin-coding gene loci in cultivars of spring durum wheat (triticum durum desf.) bred in russia and former soviet republics in the 20th century]. | allelic diversity at five gliadin-coding gene loci has been studied in the most important spring durum wheat cultivars released in russia and former soviet republics in the 20th century (66 cultivars). seven, 5, 8, 13, and 2 allelic variants of blocks of gliadin components controlled by the loci gli-a1d, gli-b1d, gli-a2d, gli-b2d, and gli-b5d, respectively, have been identified. the allelic diversity did not exhibit a consistent trend during the period studied. nei's diversity index (h) was 0.68 ... | 2009 | 19947548 |
| the genetic control of the alpha-amylase isozymes of the durum wheat (triticum durum desf.). | the hybridological analysis was provided on several durum wheat genotypes with utilizing three f2 populations developed from the crossing between parental forms that differed in the invariable malt-zone triplet on electrophoretic spectrum of alpha-amylase. three components of this zone are controlled by three genes with an independent way of inheritance: one of them is located on the 6b or 5b chromosome, and two genes are located on the chromosomes of a subgenome. | 2009 | 19938630 |
| dna microsatellite region for a reliable quantification of soft wheat adulteration in durum wheat-based foodstuffs by real-time pcr. | italian industrial pasta and durum wheat typical breads must be prepared using exclusively durum wheat semolina. previously, a microsatellite sequence specific of the wheat d-genome had been chosen for traceability of soft wheat in semolina and bread samples, using qualitative and quantitative sybr green-based real-time experiments. in this work, we describe an improved method based on the same soft wheat genomic region by means of a quantitative real-time pcr using a dual-labeled probe. standar ... | 2009 | 19886680 |
| new tool to evaluate a comprehensive antioxidant activity in food extracts: bleaching of 4-nitroso-n,n-dimethylaniline catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1. | in this study the 4-nitroso-n,n-dimethylaniline (rno) bleaching associated with linoleic acid hydroperoxidation catalyzed by the soybean lipoxygenase (lox)-1 isoenzyme (lox/rno reaction) was used to determine the antioxidant activity (aa) of hydrophilic and lipophilic pure antioxidant compounds and of mixtures of antioxidants extracted from durum wheat whole flour (dwwf). by means of a simple and rapid experimental protocol (about 3 min/assay), the lox/rno reaction may simultaneously detect many ... | 2009 | 19785421 |
| antioxidative capacities of durum wheat flour and its components on linoleic acid. | the antioxidative activities of durum wheat flour and its components on linoleic acid were examined at 50 degrees c and 12% relative humidity. the progress of the oxidation was monitored by the pressure change due to the oxygen consumption during the oxidation. the antioxidative capacities were assessed by the length of the induction period for the oxidation. durum wheat flour and its methanol extract showed antioxidative capacities. three kinds of gluten, i.e., durum wheat gluten, hard red wint ... | 2009 | 19745581 |
| geostatistics as a validation tool for setting ozone standards for durum wheat. | which is the best standard for protecting plants from ozone? to answer this question, we must validate the standards by testing biological responses vs. ambient data in the field. a validation is missing for european and usa standards, because the networks for ozone, meteorology and plant responses are spatially independent. we proposed geostatistics as validation tool, and used durum wheat in central italy as a test. the standards summarized ozone impact on yield better than hourly averages. al ... | 2010 | 19740583 |
| determination of phenolic compounds in modern and old varieties of durum wheat using liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | an evaluation of the grain functional components of italian durum wheat cultivars was conducted. the raw material was obtained from the field trial performed in 2006-2007 at the experimental farm of the university of bologna, (bologna, italy). the aim of this study was to define the phytochemical profile of ten varieties, comprised of old and modern durum wheat genotypes, including quantitative and qualitative phenolic and flavonoid content (free and bound forms). the results showed that mean va ... | 2009 | 19740468 |
| pasta with unripe banana flour: physical, texture, and preference study. | banana is a starchy food that contains a high proportion of undigestible compounds such as resistant starch and nonstarch polysaccharides. products with low glycemic response such as pasta are considered favorable to health. the objective of this study was to use unripe banana flour to make spaghetti with low-carbohydrates digestibility and evaluate its physical and texture characteristics, as well as consumer preference. formulations with 100% durum wheat semolina (control) and formulations wit ... | 2009 | 19723232 |
| in muro feruloylation and oxidative coupling in monocots: a possible role in plant defense against pathogen attacks. | | 2009 | 19721758 |
| impact of durum wheat milling on deoxynivalenol distribution in the outcoming fractions. | the milling behaviour of two naturally infected samples of durum wheat grain with contrasting levels of mycotoxins was studied. although the two samples showed a similar milling behaviour, an increase of approximately 20% in deoxynivalenol (don) levels was found in semolina from the sample containing the higher level of mycotoxin. however, even if the highest concentration of don was found in fractions originating from the grain outer layers, the mycotoxin contamination in semolina and flours we ... | 2009 | 19680923 |
| genomic approaches for designing durum wheat ready for climate change with a focus on drought. | climate change is projected to have a significant impact on temperature and precipitation profiles in the mediterranean basin. the incidence and severity of drought will become commonplace and this will reduce the productivity of rain-fed crops such as durum wheat. genetic diversity is the material basis for crop improvement and plant breeding has exploited naturally occurring variation to deliver cultivars with improved resistance to abiotic stresses. the coupling of new genomic tools, technolo ... | 2009 | 19584119 |
| survey of dry pasta for ochratoxin a in canada. | ochratoxin a (ota) was determined in 274 samples of dry pasta sold across canada in 2004 to 2006. ground sample was extracted with acetonitrile-water (6:4 [vol/vol]), filtered, diluted with phosphate-buffered saline, and cleaned with an immunoaffinity column. analysis was by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, and in the second year by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry as well. for 2004 and 2005, the limit of quantitation was approximately ... | 2009 | 19435245 |
| nutritionally relevant elements in staple foods: influence of arable site versus choice of variety. | eighteen representative sites for the austrian grain-growing and eight for the potato-growing zones (soils and crops) were investigated. on each site, total element contents (b, ba, ca, cd, co, cu, fe, k, li, mg, mn, mo, na, p, sr and zn) were determined in 4-12 varieties of winter wheat (n = 136), 6 varieties of spring durum wheat (n = 30), 5 varieties of winter durum wheat (n = 15), 7 varieties of rye (n = 49), 5 varieties of spring barley (n = 30) and 5 varieties of potatoes (n = 40). element ... | 2009 | 19280354 |
| a candidate for lr19, an exotic gene conditioning leaf rust resistance in wheat. | lr19, one of the few widely effective genes conferring resistance to leaf rust in wheat, was transferred from the wild relative thinopyrum ponticum to durum wheat. since lr19 confers a hypersensitive response to the pathogen, it was considered likely that the gene would be a member of the major nucleotide-binding site (nbs)-leucine-rich repeat (lrr) plant r gene family. nbs profiling, based on pcr amplification of conserved nbs motifs, was applied to durum wheat-th. ponticum recombinant lines in ... | 2009 | 19252936 |
| effect of some light rare earth elements on seed germination, seedling growth and antioxidant metabolism in triticum durum. | rare earth elements (rees) enriched fertilizers have been commonly used in china since the 1980s, thus inducing a growing concern about their environmental impact in agriculture. in this work, the effect of some light rees nitrate mixture and la(3+) nitrate on seed germination, seedling growth and antioxidant metabolism in triticum durum was investigated with the aim of clarifying the potential benefits or damages of rees on plants. seed pre-soaking for 8 h with la(3+) and rees nitrate inhibited ... | 2009 | 19215958 |
| use of sweet lupin (lupinusalbus l. var. multitalia) in feeding for podolian young bulls and influence on productive performances and meat quality traits. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sweet lupin (lupinusalbus l. var. multitalia) as a substitute for soybean (glicinemax [l] merr.) in feed on the productive performance and meat quality of podolian young bulls. the steers were divided into 2 homogeneous groups and were fed durum wheat (triticumdurum l.), straw and a complete pellet feed containing 20% sweet lupin seeds or 16.5% soybean. productive performances were similar for both groups. the values of ph, measured on lo ... | 2009 | 20416745 |
| [genetic control of nacl tolerance in seedlings of durum wheat triticum durum desf. accessions]. | the genetic control of tolerance to nacl (0.7 mpa, 9.8 g/l) was studied in six durum wheat accessions from the world collection of the vavilov institute of plant industry. analysis of f1, f2, and f3 of the crosses between tolerant forms and a in accessions k-17227 and k-10930 susceptible tester has demonstrated that a high salt tolerance is determined by one dominant gene; in accession k-46660, by three independent dominant genes; and in accessions k-l5305 and k-41884, by single genes without do ... | 2008 | 19137743 |
| quantification of mesophyll resistance and apoplastic ascorbic acid as an antioxidant for tropospheric ozone in durum wheat (triticum durum desf. cv. camacho). | the daily variations in cellular and apoplastic ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid levels in a mediterranean durum wheat cultivar (triticum durum desf. cv. camacho) were analyzed in order to relate them to ambient ozone exposure and to subsequent stomatally absorbed ozone fluxes. the aim of this study is to prove the effectiveness and accuracy of a computer model (soda) to calculate the mesophyll resistance (rm) to ozone uptake, the percentage of ozone detoxification by apoplastic ascorbic a ... | 2008 | 19082416 |
| evidence for intra- and extra-protoplasmic feruloylation and cross-linking in wheat seedling roots. | the sub-cellular feruloylation and oxidative coupling sites of cell wall polysaccharides were investigated in planta by monitoring the kinetics of appearance of arabinosyl- and feruloyl-radiolabelled polysaccharides in the protoplasmic compartment and their secretion in the wall either in the presence or absence of brefeldin a (bfa). by using root apical segments excised from wheat seedlings (triticum durum desf.), incubated with trans-[u-(14)c]cinnamic acid, we demonstrated that [14c]ferulate, ... | 2009 | 18974998 |
| molecular and cytogenetic characterization of a durum wheat-aegilops speltoides chromosome translocation conferring resistance to stem rust. | stem rust is a serious disease of wheat that has caused historical epidemics, but it has not been a threat in recent decades in north america owing to the eradication of the alternative host and deployment of resistant cultivars. however, the recent emergence of ug99 (or race ttks) poses a threat to global wheat production because most currently grown wheat varieties are susceptible. in this study, we evaluated a durum wheat-aegilops speltoides chromosome translocation line (das15) for reaction ... | 2008 | 18855109 |
| photoperiod insensitive ppd-a1a mutations in tetraploid wheat (triticum durum desf.). | variation in photoperiod response plays an important role in adapting crops to agricultural environments. in hexaploid wheat, mutations conferring photoperiod insensitivity (flowering after a similar time in short or long days) have been mapped on the 2b (ppd-b1) and 2d (ppd-d1) chromosomes in colinear positions to the 2h ppd-h1 gene of barley. no a genome mutation is known. on the d genome, photoperiod insensitivity is likely to be caused by deletion of a regulatory region that causes misexpres ... | 2009 | 18839130 |
| qtl analysis of pasta quality using a composite microsatellite and snp map of durum wheat. | bright yellow color, firmness and low cooking loss are important factors for the production of good-quality pasta products. however, the genetic factors underlying those traits are still poorly understood. to fill this gap we developed a population of 93 recombinant inbred lines (ril) from the cross between experimental line uc1113 (intermediate pasta quality) with the cultivar kofa (excellent pasta quality). a total of 269 markers, including 23 snp markers, were arranged on 14 linkage groups co ... | 2008 | 18781292 |
| cell-specific localization of na+ in roots of durum wheat and possible control points for salt exclusion. | sodium exclusion from leaves is an important mechanism for salt tolerance in durum wheat. to characterize possible control points for na(+) exclusion, quantitative cryo-analytical scanning electron microscopy was used to determine cell-specific ion profiles across roots of two durum wheat genotypes with contrasting rates of na(+) transport from root to shoot grown in 50 mm nacl. the na(+) concentration in line 149 (low transport genotype) declined across the cortex, being highest in the epiderma ... | 2008 | 18702634 |
| length variations of i-type low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes in diploid wheats. | allelic variation of the low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) is associated with the significant differences of dough quality in bread and durum wheat, and has been widely evaluated at protein level in wheat and its relatives. in this study, a pcr primer set, targeting the high variable repetitive domains, was employed to assay the length variation of i-type lmw-gs genes in the a-genomes of diploid wheats, the diploid progenitors of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. a total of 71 accessi ... | 2008 | 18666554 |
| dissipation of organophosphorus pesticides in wheat during pasta processing. | for investigating the carryover of some organophosphorus pesticide residues in the cereal food chain from grain to consumer, a study was set up on durum wheat, semolina and pasta. pesticide-free durum wheat was placed into a small-scale model of a commercial storage vessel and treated with pesticides (malathion, fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos methyl, and pirimiphos methyl) according to the raw material legislation of turkey. the residue levels of insecticides were determined in wheat, semolina, and ... | 2008 | 26003358 |
| effect of microbial transglutaminase on spaghetti quality. | to examine the potential application of microbial transglutaminase (mtg) on semolina dough properties and quality of raw and cooked spaghetti, the effects of various mtg addition levels on the solubility of proteins, sds-page pattern of semolina dough proteins, and textural and structural properties of raw and cooked spaghetti were investigated using semolina from a high-protein good variety (macs 1967) and a low-protein poor variety (pdw 274) durum wheat. to increase the concentration of lysyl ... | 2008 | 18576974 |
| plant inner membrane anion channel (pimac) function in plant mitochondria. | to date, the existence of the plant inner membrane anion channel (pimac) has been shown only in potato mitochondria, but its physiological role remains unclear. in this study, by means of swelling experiments in k(+) and ammonium salts, we characterize a pimac-like anion-conducting pathway in mitochondria from durum wheat (dwm), a monocotyledonous species phylogenetically far from potato. dwm were investigated since they possess a very active potassium channel (pmitok(atp)), so implying a very a ... | 2008 | 18511459 |
| a root's ability to retain k+ correlates with salt tolerance in wheat. | most work on wheat breeding for salt tolerance has focused mainly on excluding na(+) from uptake and transport to the shoot. however, some recent findings have reported no apparent correlation between leaf na(+) content and wheat salt tolerance. thus, it appears that excluding na(+) by itself is not always sufficient to increase plant salt tolerance and other physiological traits should also be considered. in this work, it was investigated whether a root's ability to retain k(+) may be such a tr ... | 2008 | 18495637 |
| aspis, a flexible multispectral system for airborne remote sensing environmental applications. | airborne multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing is a powerful tool for environmental monitoring applications. in this paper we describe a new system (aspis) composed by a 4-ccd spectral sensor, a thermal ir camera and a laser altimeter that is mounted on a flexible sky-arrow airplane. a test application of the multispectral sensor to estimate durum wheat quality is also presented. | 2008 | 27879875 |
| thermal responses of durum wheat triticum durum to early water stress. consequence on leaf and flower development. | drought can alter stem apex temperature and plant phenological development and it can then have an effect on the duration of the durum wheat stages. thermal responses of plants to water stress are tentatively analysed as regards microclimate conditions by applying three different water treatments. apex temperature measurements showed that they are related to radiation and that acceleration of apex development could be related to their increase. | 2008 | 18472082 |
| mycotoxins in durum wheat grain: hygienic-health quality of sicilian production. | deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and aflatoxin concentrations in sicilian durum wheat were determined through elisa tests. the results highlighted the safety of the grain samples at harvest because deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and aflatoxin levels did not exceed european legal limits. with regard to aflatoxins, reliability of the elisa test was evaluated, comparing it with hplc analyses. the comparison of hplc and elisa data showed a tendency to overestimate aflatoxin concentrations with respect to ... | 2008 | 18460144 |
| identification of changes in triticum durum l. leaf proteome in response to salt stress by two-dimensional electrophoresis and maldi-tof mass spectrometry. | in order to understand the molecular basis of salt stress response, a proteomic approach, employing two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms), was used to identify proteins affected by salinity in wheat (triticum durum 'ofanto'). identification of proteins, whose levels were altered, was performed by comparing protein patterns of salt-treated and control plants. a set of control plants was grown without nacl ad ... | 2008 | 18365183 |
| a 10-residue peptide from durum wheat promotes a shift from a th1-type response toward a th2-type response in celiac disease. | celiac disease (cd) is a th1-driven autoimmune permanent enteropathy that is triggered by dietary gluten. molecules able to shift the immune response from a th1- to a th2-type response have been suggested as therapeutic agents for th1 autoimmune diseases. | 2008 | 18258633 |
| increase in ascorbate-glutathione metabolism as local and precocious systemic responses induced by cadmium in durum wheat plants. | durum wheat plants (triticum durum cv creso) were grown in the presence of cadmium (0-40 microm) and analysed after 3 and 7 d for their growth, oxidative stress markers, phytochelatins, and enzymes and metabolites of the ascorbate (asc)-glutathione (gsh) cycle. cd exposure produced a dose-dependent inhibition of growth in both roots and leaves. lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and the decrease in the ascorbate redox state indicate the presence of oxidative stress in the roots, where h2o2 ov ... | 2008 | 18234716 |
| abscisic acid accumulation in the roots of nutrient-limited plants: its impact on the differential growth of roots and shoots. | we describe the involvement of abscisic acid (aba) in the control of differential growth of roots and shoots of nutrient limited durum wheat plants. a ten-fold dilution of the optimal concentration of nutrient solution inhibited shoot growth, while root growth remained unchanged, resulting in a decreased shoot/root ratio. addition of fluridone (inhibitor of aba synthesis) prevented growth allocation in favour of the roots. this suggests the involvement of aba in the redirecting of growth in favo ... | 2008 | 18166245 |
| water stress and cell wall polysaccharides in the apical root zone of wheat cultivars varying in drought tolerance. | glycosyl composition and linkage analysis of cell wall polysaccharides were examined in apical root zones excised from water-stressed and unstressed wheat seedlings (triticum durum desf.) cv. capeiti ("drought-tolerant") and cv. creso ("drought sensitive"). wall polysaccharides were sequentially solubilized to obtain three fractions: cdta+na(2)co(3) extract, koh extract and the insoluble residue (alpha-cellulose). a comparison between the two genotypes showed only small variations in the percent ... | 2008 | 18155804 |
| variations of the sensory profile of durum wheat altamura pdo (protected designation of origin) bread during staling. | the typical sensory characteristics of altamura pdo (protected designation of origin) bread are due to both the use of durum wheat remilled semolina and the prolonged sponge-dough method based on sourdough. in this paper the sensory properties of altamura bread were evaluated during a period of 6 days from baking. a total number of 24 descriptors was considered. the obtained results indicated that during the whole storage period many of the desirable characters such as crust consistence, crumb e ... | 2007 | 17995813 |
| comparison of several models for calculating ozone stomatal fluxes on a mediterranean wheat cultivar (triticum durum desf. cv. camacho). | ozone stomatal fluxes were modeled for a 3-year period following different approaches for a commercial variety of durum wheat (triticum durum desf. cv. camacho) at the phenological stage of anthesis. all models performed in the same range, although not all of them afforded equally significant results. nevertheless, all of them suggest that stomatal conductance would account for the main percentage of ozone deposition fluxes. a new modeling approach was tested, based on a 3-d architectural model ... | 2007 | 17982606 |
| characterization of the surface morphology of durum wheat starch granules using atomic force microscopy. | knowledge of the structure and properties of microscopic surfaces of durum wheat starch granules is essential for understanding the functional and physico-chemical properties. the nanoscale surface undulations on the starch granules inside durum wheat macroscopically influence the milling properties. the objective of this study was to visualize the surface morphology and the size of starch grains of vitreous and nonvitreous durum wheat kernels using atomic force microscopy. the distribution of s ... | 2008 | 17937388 |
| four members of the hsp101 gene family are differently regulated in triticum durum desf. | heat shock proteins play an essential role in preventing deleterious effects of high temperatures. in many plants, hsp101 has a central role in heat stress survival. we report the isolation and characterization of four cdnas corresponding to different members of the durum wheat hsp101 gene family. expression analysis revealed differences in their induction. accordingly, durum wheat hsp101 genes are differently regulated, therefore having distinct roles in stress response and thermotolerance acqu ... | 2007 | 17888913 |
| drought effect on nitrate reductase and sucrose-phosphate synthase activities in wheat (triticum durum l.): role of leaf internal co2. | in order to study the impact of a decline of leaf internal co(2) molar ratio on nitrate reductase (nr) and sucrose-phosphate synthase (sps) activities, leaves of wheat (triticum durum) were submitted to different treatments: slow or rapid dehydration and decline in ambient co(2) concentration and abscisic acid (aba) supply. in agreement with the literature, nr activity of slowly dehydrated leaves was inhibited by about 50% when net co(2) assimilation (a(n)) decreased by 45%. nr activity of stres ... | 2007 | 17761731 |
| relationships among durum wheat accessions. ii. a comparison of molecular and pedigree information. | the study of direct ancestry relationships provides information with which to determine essential derivation. ssr profiles were used to determine the pattern of relatedness among 134 durum wheat accessions, representing the most important modern durum wheat gene pools. simple sequence repeat (ssr)- and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp)-based genetic similarities among cultivars with accurate pedigrees were compared with pedigree-based coefficients of parentage. sizeable departures of ... | 2007 | 17546097 |
| relationships among durum wheat accessions. i. comparative analysis of ssr, aflp, and phenotypic data. | the determination of genetic relatedness among elite materials of crop species allows for more efficient management of breeding programs and for the protection of breeders' rights. seventy simple sequence repeats (ssrs) and 234 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps) were used to profile a collection of 58 durum wheat (triticum durum desf.) accessions, representing the most important extant breeding programs. in addition, 42 phenotypic traits, including the morphological characteristics ... | 2007 | 17546096 |
| prevention by a decapeptide from durum wheat of in vitro gliadin peptide-induced apoptosis in small-bowel mucosa from coeliac patients. | | 2007 | 17506006 |
| genetic variability of carotenoid concentration and degree of esterification among tritordeum (xtritordeum ascherson et graebner) and durum wheat accessions. | the higher carotenoid content (commonly referred as "yellow pigment content") of tritordeum seeds as compared to wheat and the potential of this species as a donor of useful traits to wheat led us to investigate the detailed carotenoid composition of 53 accessions of hexaploid tritordeums originating from different stages of the tritordeum breeding program developed at ias-csic. in addition, seven durum wheat accessions were also studied for comparison. lutein was the unique carotenoid detected, ... | 2007 | 17439153 |
| extraction and separation of water-soluble proteins from different wheat species by acidic capillary electrophoresis. | optimization of protein extraction and a capillary zone electrophoresis method for water-soluble protein analysis in wheat is described. the optimal separation was obtained with a 50 microm i.d. x 27 cm (20 cm to detector) uncoated capillary filled with 0.1 m phosphoric acid/beta-alanine, ph 2.5, buffer containing urea (1 m), 0.05% (w/v) hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, and 20% (v/v) acetonitrile. separation was carried out at 15 kv and 35 degrees c for 9 min. extract stability was also investigate ... | 2007 | 17439145 |
| nucleotide-binding site (nbs) profiling of genetic diversity in durum wheat. | molecular markers are effective tools to investigate genetic diversity for resistance to pathogens. nbs (nucleotide-binding site) profiling is a pcr (polymerase chain reaction)-based approach to studying genetic variability that specifically targets chromosome regions containing r-genes and r-gene analogues. we used nbs profiling to measure genetic diversity among 58 accessions of durum wheat. mean polymorphism rates detected using msei and alui as restriction enzymes were 34% and 22%, respectiv ... | 2006 | 17426762 |
| effects of two systemic fungicides: artea (propiconazole+cyproconazole) and punch (flusilazole) on the physiology and the respiratory metabolism of durum wheat (triticum durum l.). | the present work aimed at the study of the effects of artea and punch; two systemic fungicides on durum wheat (triticum durum l. cv. gta dur). seeds were grown in a medium containing respectively 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm of artea and punch under controlled conditions. after measuring root number and length, eight-day-old-root tips were used to determine catalase (ec 1.11.1.6), ascorbate-peroxidase (ec 1.11.1.11) and guaïacol-peroxidase (ec 1.11.1.7) enzymatic activities. root respiratory activity ... | 2006 | 17390857 |
| promoter analysis and immunolocalisation show that puroindoline genes are exclusively expressed in starchy endosperm cells of wheat grain. | the purolindolines are small cysteine-rich proteins which are present in the grain of wheat. they have a major impact on the utilisation of the grain as they are the major determinants of grain texture, which affects both milling and baking properties. bread and durum wheats were transformed with constructs comprising the promoter regions of the puroindoline a (pina) and puroindoline b (pinb) genes fused to the uida (gus) reporter gene. nine lines showing 3:1 segregation for the transgene and co ... | 2007 | 17294254 |
| negative effect of chromosome 1a on dough strength shown by modification of 1d addition in durum wheat (triticum durum). | a monosomic addition line of aegilops tauschii chromosome 1d in triticum durum cv. pbw114 was produced in 1990. this line was self-pollinated and maintained for several generations while following the presence of chromosome 1d carrying the gene for red glume color. cytological analysis indicated that two of the three derivative lines had substitution of chromosome 1d for 1a and another had substitution of chromosome 1d for 1b. one of these lines carried a pair of small chromosomes in addition to ... | 2007 | 17287973 |
| est-ssr dna polymorphism in durum wheat (triticum durum l.) collections. | ssrs derived from est were molecular markers belonging to the transcribed region of the genome. therefore, any polymorphism detected using est-ssrs might reflect the better relationship among species or varieties. using wheat est-ssr markers, 60 durum wheat (triticum durum l.) accessions from seven countries were investigated. twenty-five primer pairs could amplify successfully in the 60 durum wheat accessions, of which tri-nucleotide repeats were the dominant type, and revealed 26 loci on all s ... | 2007 | 17272859 |
| degradation of pyrethrin residues on stored durum wheat after postharvest treatment. | in this paper, pyrethrin levels during a postharvest treatment on stored durum wheat were studied. two experiments were carried out at single and double the dose recommended by the manufacturer. in all trials, the initial deposition of pyrethrins levels was below the fixed maximum residue level of 3 mg/kg. the fate of pyrethrins in the two experiments was similar, and the total content of pyrethrins remained unchanged for 22 days with a complete dissipation in 8 months. in the single dose experi ... | 2007 | 17263482 |
| possible plant mitochondria involvement in cell adaptation to drought stress. a case study: durum wheat mitochondria. | although plant cell bioenergetics is strongly affected by abiotic stresses, mitochondrial metabolism under stress is still largely unknown. interestingly, plant mitochondria may control reactive oxygen species (ros) generation by means of energy-dissipating systems. therefore, mitochondria may play a central role in cell adaptation to abiotic stresses, which are known to induce oxidative stress at cellular level. with this in mind, in recent years, studies have been focused on mitochondria from ... | 2007 | 17261694 |
| properties of the protein and carbohydrate fractions in immature wheat kernels. | the time course of compositional changes in the polysaccharide and protein fractions, and of changes in protein structural properties, was investigated in grains of two italian durum wheat cultivars, ofanto and duilio, and the pattern of changes was found to be specific to each cultivar. the fructo-oligosaccharide content in ripening kernels was different between cultivars, as was the pattern of starch accumulation. evaluation of gluten proteins by western-blotting using broad-specificity anti-g ... | 2006 | 17177566 |
| distribution of toxigenic fusarium spp. and mycotoxin production in milling fractions of durum wheat. | a reliable and sensitive pcr assay to specifically detect trichothecene-producing fusarium spp. in milling fractions and kernel tissue of naturally infected durum wheat is reported. assays were based on a combination of primers derived from the trichodiene synthase and the beta-tubulin genes. the occurrence of toxigenic fusarium spp. in semolina and wheat tissue (grain ends, crease, pericarp, aleurone layer, germ and albumen) was detected, even for a weakly contaminated wheat sample. penetration ... | 2007 | 17164217 |
| [intravarietal heterogeneity of durum wheat is an important component of species biodiversity]. | sixty-four durum wheat varieties of the domestic breeding (ussr and russia) were studied for heterogeneity using various genetic markers: storage proteins (gliadins), rapd, and microsatellite (ssr) markers. about a third of the studied varieties (24) were shown to be heterogeneous at the protein markers. these varieties contained from two to six biotypes. using the molecular markers, the biotypes were found to differ not only in the gliadin-coding genes as determined with the protein markers, bu ... | 2006 | 17152713 |
| optimization of a fluorescence polarization immunoassay for rapid quantification of deoxynivalenol in durum wheat-based products. | a fluorescence polarization immunoassay previously described for deoxynivalenol (don) screening in wheat was optimized for the rapid quantification of don in durum wheat kernels, semolina, and pasta. a background signal was observed in both spiked and naturally contaminated samples, strictly depending on the testing matrix. after subtracting the background don level for durum wheat (0.27 microg of don per g), semolina (0.08 microg of don per g), and pasta (0.04 microg of don per g), an accurate ... | 2006 | 17133816 |
| photosynthetic capacity is related to the cellular and subcellular partitioning of na+, k+ and cl- in salt-affected barley and durum wheat. | the capacity of plants to tolerate high levels of salinity depends on the ability to exclude salt from the shoot, or to tolerate high concentrations of salt in the leaf (tissue tolerance). it is widely held that a major component of tissue tolerance is the capacity to compartmentalize salt into safe storage places such as vacuoles. this mechanism would avoid toxic effects of salt on photosynthesis and other key metabolic processes. to test this, the relationship between photosynthetic capacity a ... | 2006 | 17081251 |
| susceptibility of different european populations of tribolium confusum (coleoptera: tenebrionidae) to five diatomaceous earth formulations. | laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of seven populations (strains) of the confused flour beetle, tribolium confusum jacquelin du val (coleoptera: tenebrionidae), to five commercially available diatomaceous earth (de) formulations: insecto, protect-it, protector, pyrisec, and silicosec. these des were applied on wheat, triticum durum desf., at two dose rates, 500 and 1000 ppm. the six beetle strains were obtained from denmark, united kingdom, greece, germany, italy, ... | 2006 | 17066828 |
| treatment of cereal products with a tailored preparation of trichoderma enzymes increases the amount of soluble dietary fiber. | nutritionists recommend increasing the intake of soluble dietary fiber (sdf), which is very low in most cereal-based products. conversion of insoluble df (idf) into sdf can be achieved by chemical treatments, but this affects the sensorial properties of the products. in this study, the possibility of getting a substantial increase of sdf from cereal products using a tailored preparation of trichoderma enzymes is reported. enzymes were produced cultivating trichoderma using durum wheat fiber (dwf ... | 2006 | 17002463 |
| [deoxynivalenol in cereal products from retail outlets in germany in the year 2006]. | samples of soft wheat flour (n=78), durum wheat semolina (n=6), and pasta (made from durum wheat, n=49) were purchased in january-april 2006 from retail outlets in hesse, germany. samples were analysed for deoxynivalenol (don) by enzyme immunoassay. the detection limit of the method was 10 μg/kg, with recoveries of 81-85% (rsdr: 12-17%). don was detected in 84% of all samples, but the contamination level was low. median/maximum values for don in wheat flour, wheat semolina, and pasta were 28μg/k ... | 2006 | 23605663 |
| early production of activated oxygen species in root apoplast of wheat following copper excess. | wheat seedlings (triticum durum desf.) were incubated in a solution containing 100 microm cuso(4) for increasing time ranging from 1 min to 6h. copper rapidly accumulated into the roots, and its amount increased significantly until 360 min. during the experiment, copper did not cause any lipid peroxidation and k(+) leakage. up to 60 min of copper treatment the superoxide (o2(*-)) production in root apoplast decreased concomitantly with increase in superoxide dismutase (sod) activity. in contrast ... | 2007 | 16920221 |
| the transcript levels of two plant mitochondrial uncoupling protein (pucp)-related genes are not affected by hyperosmotic stress in durum wheat seedlings showing an increased level of pucp activity. | etiolated early seedlings of durum wheat submitted to moderate and severe salt (nacl) and osmotic (mannitol) stress showed no relevant increase of both transcript levels of two plant uncoupling protein (pucp)-related genes and maximal pucp activity in purified mitochondria (which estimates protein level); contrarily, pucp functioning due to endogenous free fatty acids strongly increased. these results show that pucp activation under hyperosmotic stress may be due to modulation of pucp reaction r ... | 2006 | 16855867 |
| an electrochemical bioassay for dichlorvos analysis in durum wheat samples. | the use of an acetylcholinesterase inhibition assay for the detection of dichlorvos in durum wheat samples by a simplified extraction procedure is reported. after an incubation step, the residual activity was determined with an amperometric biosensor using a portable potentiostat. the use of electric eel and recombinant acetylcholinesterase was compared. the effect of the matrix extract was evaluated by using various sample:solvent ratios, 1:2.5, 1:5, 1:10, and 1:20. the optimal extraction ratio ... | 2006 | 16786864 |
| copper excess triggers phospholipase d activity in wheat roots. | wheat seedlings (triticum durum desf.) were incubated in 100mum cu(2+) for different periods of time ranging from 1min up to 16h. following metal addition a rapid intake of copper ions into the roots was observed. cu(2+) induced an accumulation of both phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylbutanol within 1min of incubation, the latter indicating a very rapid induction of phospholipase d (pld) activity. the highest pld stimulation was detected after 2h from copper addition and decreased almost to the ... | 2006 | 16765389 |
| comparison of health status between organic and conventional products. | this paper reports the results of two trials carried out to estimate the hygienic-sanitary status of samples obtained from organic farming in comparison with products obtained from conventional agriculture. in three years of activity were carried out analyses on samples of common or durum wheat and on processing products like. flour, bran, macaroni and bread obtained from biological and conventional method. also samples of vegetables and fruits were analyzed. the laboratory analyses have been fo ... | 2005 | 16637200 |
| protein composition and native state of pigments of thylakoid membrane of wheat genotypes differently tolerant to water stress. | protein composition and native state of chlorophylls were analyzed in two wheat (triticum durum l.) genotypes with different tolerance to drought, barakatli-95 (drought-tolerant) and garagylchyg-2 (drought-sensitive), during water deficit. it is shown that the plants subjected to water deficit appear to have a slight increase in alpha- and beta-subunits of cf1 atp-synthase complex (57.5 and 55 kd, respectively) in barakatli-95 and their lower content in garagylchyg-2. steady-state levels of the ... | 2006 | 16489922 |
| geographically based investigation of prostate cancer mortality in four u.s. northern plain states. | historically, prostate cancer mortality rates have been elevated in the u.s. northern plains states. the purpose of this study was to investigate possible contributing factors, especially whether there was any association with crop patterns. | 2006 | 16458784 |
| mortality from ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus (type 2) in four u.s. wheat-producing states: a hypothesis-generating study. | in this ecologic study i examined ischemic heart disease (ihd) and diabetes mortality in rural agricultural counties of minnesota, montana, north dakota, and south dakota, in association with environmental exposure to chlorophenoxy herbicides, using wheat acreage as a surrogate exposure. i collected data on agricultural land use and 1979-1998 mortality from the u.s. department of agriculture and the centers for disease control and prevention websites, respectively. counties were grouped based on ... | 2006 | 16451853 |
| biological and conventional production of 14 varieties of durum wheat in the semi-arid areas of tunisia. | | 2005 | 16366317 |
| mitochondrial transport in proline catabolism in plants: the existence of two separate translocators in mitochondria isolated from durum wheat seedlings. | abiotic stresses, such as high salinity or drought, can cause proline accumulation in plants. such an accumulation involves proline transport into mitochondria where proline catabolism occurs. by using durum wheat seedlings as a plant model system, we investigated how proline enters isolated coupled mitochondria. the occurrence of two separate translocators for proline, namely a carrier solely for proline and a proline/glutamate antiporter, is shown in a functional study in which we found the fo ... | 2006 | 16322984 |
| [analysis of genetic diversity of spring durum wheat (triticum durum desf.) cultivars released in russia in 1929-2004]. | based on genealogical analysis, the genetic diversity of 78 spring durum wheat cultivars released in russia in 1929-2004 have been examined. the temporal trends of change in diversity were studied using series of n x m matrices (where n is the number of the cultivars and m is the number of original ancestors) and calculating coefficients of parentage in sets of cultivars released in particular years. the pool of original ancestors of spring durum wheat cultivars includes 90 landraces and old var ... | 2005 | 16316008 |
| use of electrochemical biosensor and gas chromatography for determination of dichlorvos in wheat. | two methods for the determination of dichlorvos in durum wheat by electrochemical assay and gas chromatography, respectively, have been developed. dichlorvos, an organophosphorus anticholinesterase pesticide, was extracted from wheat with hexane, and the filtered extract was directly analyzed by gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus flame detection (npd). recoveries of dichlorvos from milled wheat spiked at 0.25-1.5 microg/g ranged from 96.5 to 100.9%, and the limit of detection was 0.02 m ... | 2005 | 16302752 |
| impact of water deficit intensity on durum wheat seminal roots. | experiments were performed under controlled conditions to study seminal roots traits of durum wheat genotypes grown under four water conditions. seminal root length, root-to-shoot dry matters ratio and piliferous layer cell size were measured. root volume was assessed at three soil depths. water stress has affected significantly root traits and piliferous layer cell size and this impact depends on its intensity. severe water stress reduced markedly root traits. water treatment by genotype intera ... | 2017 | 16286081 |
| implementation of the electronic nose for the identification of mycotoxins in durum wheat (triticum durum). | | 2005 | 16245002 |
| identification and mass spectrometric characterization of glycosylated flavonoids in triticum durum plants by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. | a mass spectrometric method for extensive detection and semi-quantitative determination of flavonoid glycosides in stem and leaves of young triticum durum plants is presented. about 100 g of sample were lyophilized and ground, and the compounds of interest were then extracted, cleaned-up, and fractionated using high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). tandem mass spectrometry analyses were performed using a quadrupole-linear ion trap instrument with an information-dependent data acquisitio ... | 2005 | 16200659 |
| comparative expression of five lea genes during wheat seed development and in response to abiotic stresses by real-time quantitative rt-pcr. | gene expression profiles of group 2 (dehydrins) and group 4 late embryogenesis abundant (lea) genes in developing seeds of triticum durum and t. aestivum and in coleoptiles and coleorhizae of t. durum seedlings were monitored by real-time quantitative rt-pcr. the five genes exhibited clear differences in their accumulation pattern in wheat seed and in response to dehydration, low temperature, salinity and aba. td29b, td16 and td27e gene transcripts accumulate late in embryogenesis as expected fo ... | 2005 | 16023228 |
| results of screening greenhouse and int vitro behaviour to evaluate some durum wiieat varieties and their f5 descendents selected in algeria for resistance to septoria tritici. | 15 genotypes of durum wheat, composed of 5 parental varities and 10 f5 lines selected in algeria, were studied for evaluating thein behaviour to septoria tritici two trials were realised: one under green house conditions, where seedlings were inoculated artificially with septoria tritici suspension, and another under in vitro conditions where detached leaves where also inoculated. among this range of varieties, some genotypes were tolerant, others susceptible and others showed rather reactions b ... | 2004 | 15756847 |