| widespread occurrence and diversity of cassava brown streak virus (potyviridae: ipomovirus) in tanzania. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) has been a problem in tanzania since 1936. existing literature indicated limited distribution of the disease to low altitudes, usually <100 m above sea level, but the current geographical distribution of the disease was not known. whether a single or many strains for the virus exist in tanzania had not been reported to date. in this study, cbsd was recorded from sea level to ≈1,800 m above sea level. in total, 2,730 cassava plants were assessed for cbsd leaf s ... | 2011 | 21916624 |
| reference genes for reliable potyvirus quantitation in cassava and analysis of cassava brown streak virus load in host varieties. | a reliable method for detection and quantitation of viruses associated with cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) is essential to determine their presence in material used for field propagation as well as for precise evaluation of cbsd resistance in the cassava germplasm. quantitative rt-pcr (rt-qpcr) is a well-established method for precise quantitation of viral rna amount in infected tissues. the method requires host reference genes with stable expression patterns under experimental conditions a ... | 2011 | 21756941 |
| rnai-mediated resistance to cassava brown streak uganda virus in transgenic cassava. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd), caused by cassava brown streak uganda virus (cbsuv) and cassava brown streak virus (cbsv), is of new epidemic importance to cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) production in east africa, and an emerging threat to the crop in central and west africa. this study demonstrates that at least one of these two ipomoviruses, cbsuv, can be efficiently controlled using rna interference (rnai) technology in cassava. an rnai construct targeting the near full-length coat p ... | 2011 | 21726367 |
| comparing the regional epidemiology of the cassava mosaic and cassava brown streak virus pandemics in africa. | the rapid geographical expansion of the cassava mosaic disease (cmd) pandemic, caused by cassava mosaic geminiviruses, has devastated cassava crops in 12 countries of east and central africa since the late 1980s. region-level surveys have revealed a continuing pattern of annual spread westward and southward along a contiguous 'front'. more recently, outbreaks of cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) were reported from uganda and other parts of east africa that had been hitherto unaffected by the d ... | 2011 | 21549776 |
| evolution of cassava brown streak disease-associated viruses. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) has occurred in the indian ocean coastal lowlands and some areas of malawi in east africa for decades, and makes the storage roots of cassava unsuitable for consumption. cbsd is associated with cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and the recently described ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv) [picorna-like (+)ssrna viruses; genus ipomovirus; family potyviridae]. this study reports the first comprehensive analysis on how evolution is shaping the populations ... | 2011 | 21169213 |
| rnai-mediated resistance to diverse isolates belonging to two virus species involved in cassava brown streak disease. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) is emerging as one of the most important viral diseases of cassava (manihot esculenta) and is considered today as the biggest threat to cassava cultivation in east africa. the disease is caused by isolates of at least two phylogenetically distinct species of single-stranded rna viruses belonging to the family potyviridae, genus ipomovirus. the two species are present predominantly in the coastal lowland [cassava brown streak virus (cbsv); tanzania and mozambiq ... | 2011 | 21118347 |
| simultaneous virus-specific detection of the two cassava brown streak-associated viruses by rt-pcr reveals wide distribution in east africa, mixed infections, and infections in manihot glaziovii. | the expanding cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) epidemic in east africa is caused by two ipomoviruses (genus ipomovirus; potyviridae), namely, cassava brown streak virus (cbsv), and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv) that was described recently. a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) based diagnostic method was developed in this study for simultaneous virus-specific detection of the two viruses. results showed that cbsv and ucbsv are distributed widely in the highla ... | 2011 | 20923689 |
| transmission studies with cassava brown streak uganda virus (potyviridae: ipomovirus) and its interaction with abiotic and biotic factors in nicotiana benthamiana. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd), caused by two distinct species, cassava brown streak uganda virus (cbsuv) and cassava brown streak virus (cbsv), is a major constraint to cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) production in africa. absence of infectious clones of cbsuv or cbsv and the lack of efficient means of mechanical transmission of cbsd has hampered laboratory studies of this disease. mechanical transmission, achieved mainly by plant sap inoculation, is a widely used technique for characte ... | 2010 | 20691215 |
| analysis of cassava brown streak viruses reveals the presence of distinct virus species causing cassava brown streak disease in east africa. | cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) isolates were analysed from symptomatic cassava collected between 1997 and 2008 in the major cultivation regions of east africa. an analysis of complete rna genomes of seven isolates from kenya, tanzania, mozambique, uganda and malawi revealed a common genome structure, but the isolates clearly clustered in two distinct clades. the first comprised isolates from kenya, uganda, malawi, north-western tanzania and the cbsv described previously, and shared between 87 ... | 2010 | 20071490 |
| optimization of diagnostic rt-pcr protocols and sampling procedures for the reliable and cost-effective detection of cassava brown streak virus. | sampling procedures and diagnostic protocols were optimized for accurate diagnosis of cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) (genus ipomovirus, family potyviridae). a cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ctab) method was optimized for sample preparation from infected cassava plants and compared with the rneasy plant mini kit (qiagen) for sensitivity, reproducibility and costs. cbsv was detectable readily in total rnas extracted using either method. the major difference between the two methods was in the ... | 2010 | 19879299 |
| [mechanical transmission of cassava brown streak virus]. | | 1959 | 13666823 |
| resolution of cassava-infecting alphaflexiviruses: molecular and biological characterization of a novel group of potexviruses lacking the tgb3 gene. | several potexviruses (family alphaflexiviridae) have been reported infecting cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) in the americas. they were isolated from severely diseased plants during the last 30-40 years and include: cassava common mosaic virus (cscmv), cassava caribbean mosaic virus (cscamv), cassava colombian symptomless virus (cscsv) and cassava virus x (csvx). however, their definitive classification as distinct species remains unresolved for several reasons, including the lack of sequence ... | 2017 | 28365210 |
| unraveling complex viral infections in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) from colombia. | in the americas, different disease symptoms have been reported in cassava including leaf mosaics, vein clearings, mottles, ring spots, leaf distortions and undeveloped and deformed storage roots. some viruses have been identified and associated with these symptoms while others have been reported in symptomless plants or latent infections. we observed that reoviruses associated with severe root symptoms (rs) of cassava frogskin disease (cfsd) are not associated with leaf symptoms (ls) observed in ... | 2014 | 24374265 |
| phylogeny, coat protein genetic variability, and transmission via seeds of hosta virus x. | the complete genome of hosta virus x (hvx), which is thought to be a distinct species of potexvirus, was sequenced. nucleotide sequences of hvx were compared with those of other members of the genus potexvirus and phylogenetic tree was constructed. the range of identities of viral replicase open reading frame 1 (orf1) between hvx and other potexviruses were 43.1%-55.1% and 35.9%-46.6% at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. phylogenetic analysis was performed according to the amin ... | 2012 | 22453807 |
| characterization of cassava common mosaic virus and a defective rna species. | the genome of cassava common mosaic potexvirus (cscmv) has been sequenced from cdna clones and consists of 6376 nucleotides (nt). a 76 nt untranslated region (utr) at the 5' terminus was followed by orf1 which potentially encodes a protein of 1449 amino acids (aa). orfs 2, 3, and 4 were predicted to encode proteins of 231, 112 and 97 aa, respectively. orf5 potentially encodes a 229 aa protein of 25 kda that is similar to the coat proteins of other potexviruses. the 3'-terminal utr of 114 nt was ... | 1996 | 8601791 |
| biodegradation of atrazine by three transgenic grasses and alfalfa expressing a modified bacterial atrazine chlorohydrolase gene. | the widespread use of atrazine and other s-triazine herbicides to control weeds in agricultural production fields has impacted surface and groundwater in the united states and elsewhere. we previously reported the cloning, sequencing, and expression of six genes involved in the atrazine biodegradation pathway of pseudomonas sp. strain adp, which is initiated by atza, encoding atrazine chlorohydrolase. here we explored the use of enhanced expression of a modified bacterial atrazine chlorohydrolas ... | 2015 | 25432082 |
| glyceollin is an important component of soybean plant defense against phytophthora sojae and macrophomina phaseolina. | the response of soybean transgenic plants, with suppressed synthesis of isoflavones, and nontransgenic plants to two common soybean pathogens, macrophomina phaseolina and phytophthora sojae, was studied. transgenic soybean plants of one line used in this study were previously generated via bombardment of embryogenic cultures with the phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chalcone synthase, and isoflavone synthase (ifs2) genes in sense orientation driven by the cotyledon-preferable lectin promoter (to tur ... | 2013 | 23617338 |
| expression of a bifunctional green fluorescent protein (gfp) fusion marker under the control of three constitutive promoters and enhanced derivatives in transgenic grape (vitis vinifera). | activity of three constitutive promoters and enhanced derivatives in transgenic grape (vitis vinifera l. cv. thompson seedless) was characterized using a bifunctional fusion marker containing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) and neomycin phosphotransferase (nptii) genes. relative differences in transient gfp expression and stable transformation efficiencies were used to compare promoter activity. expression patterns in transformed somatic embryos revealed that the act2 promoter from ... | 2001 | 11297784 |
| cassava vein mosaic virus (csvmv), type species for a new genus of plant double stranded dna viruses? | the complete sequence of 8159 nucleotides of the double stranded dna genome of cassava vein mosaic virus (csvmv) was determined (# u59751) and revealed a significant difference in genome organization when compared with a previous report (# u20341). when transferred to cassava plants by microbombardment, the full length csvmv clone was infectious, confirming the genome organization here described. sequence comparisons between csvmv and members of the genera caulimovirus and badnavirus revealed hi ... | 1998 | 9645200 |
| characterization of cassava vein mosaic virus: a distinct plant pararetrovirus. | cassava vein mosaic virus (cvmv) was found to be widespread throughout the north-eastern region of brazil. the complete sequence of cvmv was determined, and the genome was 8158 bp in size. a cytosolic initiator methionine trna (trna met1)-binding site that probably acts as a primer for minus-strand synthesis was present. the genome contained five open reading frames that potentially encode proteins with predicted molecular masses of 186 kda, 9 kda, 77 kda, 24 kda and 26 kda. the putative 186 kda ... | 1995 | 7730813 |
| [identification and characterization of a flavonoid-3-o-glucosyltransferase gene from saussurea involucrata]. | the flavonoid-3-o-glucosyltransferas (3gt) is one of the most important enzymes for biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites. in this paper, the homology analysis and gene special primers design were used. with the methods of modern molecular biology, the full-length gene of 3gt (genbank accession no. jn092127) which was cloned from saussurea involucrata kar. et kir by rt-pcr and race. the cdna sequence of 3gt consisted of 1548 bp open reading frame (orf) encoding 516 amino acid, the deduced ... | 2012 | 23016307 |
| development of waxy cassava with different biological and physico-chemical characteristics of starches for industrial applications. | the quality of cassava starch, an important trait in cassava breeding programs, determines its applications in various industries. for example, development of waxy (having a low level of amylose) cassava is in demand. amylose is synthesized by granule-bound starch synthase i (gbssi) in plants, and therefore, down-regulation of gbssi expression in cassava might lead to reduced amylose content. we produced 63 transgenic cassava plant lines that express hair-pin dsrnas homologous to the cassava gbs ... | 2011 | 21370230 |
| effect of cassava pulp supplement on 1,3-propanediol production by clostridium butyricum. | to improve its 1,3-propanediol (1,3-pd) production, clostridium butyricum was cultivated on glycerol medium supplemented with cassava pulp (cp). at small concentrations, the cp improved the 1,3-pd productivity of c. butyricum from (0.25±0.01)g/l/h (glycerol alone) to (0.43±0.02)g/l/h (glycerol+2g/l cp) after 24h fermentation. | 2016 | 27184427 |
| cassava (manihot esculenta) transcriptome analysis in response to infection by the fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides using an oligonucleotide-dna microarray. | cassava anthracnose disease (cad), caused by the fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. manihotis, is a serious disease of cassava (manihot esculenta) worldwide. in this study, we established a cassava oligonucleotide-dna microarray representing 59,079 probes corresponding to approximately 30,000 genes based on original expressed sequence tags and rna-seq information from cassava, and applied it to investigate the molecular mechanisms of resistance to fungal infection using two cassava cul ... | 2016 | 27138000 |
| involvement of mir160/mir393 and their targets in cassava responses to anthracnose disease. | cassava is a starchy root crop for food and industrial applications in many countries around the world. among the factors that affect cassava production, diseases remain the major cause of yield loss. cassava anthracnose disease is caused by the fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides. severe anthracnose attacks can cause tip die-backs and stem cankers, which can affect the availability of planting materials especially in large-scale production systems. recent studies indicate that plants over- or ... | 2015 | 25462963 |
| complete genome sequencing of two causative viruses of cassava mosaic disease in ghana. | cassava mosaic disease (cmv), caused by one or a combination of cassava mosaic geminiviruses, is ranked among the most important constraints to profitable and efficient production of cassava. effective control measures require in-depth knowledge of the viral causative agent. using rolling-circle amplification and unique enzymes, the full genome of two species of cassava mosaic geminivirus isolated from infected cassava plants in ghana were cloned into pcambia 1300 and pet-28b. the sequences of t ... | 2012 | 23237086 |
| effect of corn steep liquor (csl) and cassava wastewater (cw) on chitin and chitosan production by cunninghamella elegans and their physicochemical characteristics and cytotoxicity. | microbiological processes were used for chitin and chitosan production with cunninghamella elegans ucp/wfcc 0542 grown in different concentrations of two agro-industrial wastes, corn steep liquor (csl) and cassava wastewater (cw) established using a 2² full factorial design. the polysaccharides were extracted by alkali-acid treatment and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, viscosity, thermal analysis, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. the cytotoxicity of ... | 2014 | 24590203 |
| isolation, identification and growth determination of lactic acid-utilizing yeasts from the ruminal fluid of dairy cattle. | ruminal organic acid production, especially lactic acid, can be modified by feeding cattle highly concentrated diets, which have been shown to adversely affect dairy cattle health. therefore, the use of lactic acid-utilizing organisms is considered to be a potential method for controlling lactic acid levels. this study was conducted to isolate and identify lactic acid-utilizing yeasts from the ruminal fluid of dairy cattle and to determine the specific growth rate and generation time when using ... | 2013 | 23565722 |
| divergent evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of cassava mosaic geminiviruses in madagascar. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) in madagascar is caused by a complex of at least six african cassava mosaic geminivirus (cmg) species. this provides a rare opportunity for a comparative study of the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of distinct pathogenic crop-infecting viral species that coexist within the same environment. the genetic and spatial structure of cmg populations in madagascar was studied and bayesian phylogeographic modelling was applied to infer the origins of madagascan cmg ... | 2016 | 27600545 |
| east african cassava mosaic-like viruses from africa to indian ocean islands: molecular diversity, evolutionary history and geographical dissemination of a bipartite begomovirus. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is a major food source for over 200 million sub-saharan africans. unfortunately, its cultivation is severely hampered by cassava mosaic disease (cmd). caused by a complex of bipartite cassava mosaic geminiviruses (cmg) species (family: geminivirideae; genus: begomovirus) cmd has been widely described throughout africa and it is apparent that cmg's are expanding their geographical distribution. determining where and when cmg movements have occurred could help curtail i ... | 2012 | 23186303 |
| molecular characterization of a new alphasatellite associated with a cassava mosaic geminivirus in madagascar. | two complete nucleotide sequences of an alphasatellite isolated from a cassava plant with mosaic disease symptoms in madagascar are described and analyzed. while the helper begomovirus was identified as an isolate of east african cassava mosaic kenya virus (eacmkv), its associated alphasatellite was most closely related (80 % nucleotide sequence identity) to cotton leaf curl gezira alphasatellite. these satellite molecules have typical features of alphasatellites, with a single gene in the virio ... | 2013 | 23525698 |
| a rapid virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) method for assessing resistance and susceptibility to cassava mosaic disease. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) is a major constraint to cassava production in sub-saharan africa. under field conditions, evaluation for resistance to cmd takes 12-18 months, often conducted across multiple years and locations under pressure from whitefly-mediated transmission. under greenhouse or laboratory settings, evaluation for resistance or susceptibility to cmd involves transmission of the causal viruses from an infected source to healthy plants through grafting, or by using agrobacterium-m ... | 2017 | 28270156 |
| deinbollia mosaic virus: a novel begomovirus infecting the sapindaceous weed deinbollia borbonica in kenya and tanzania. | four isolates of a bipartite begomovirus from naturally infected deinbollia borbonica plants exhibiting yellow mosaic symptoms in kenya and tanzania were molecularly characterised. the dna-a was most closely related to that of tomato leaf curl mayotte virus (am701764; 82%), while the dna-b shared the highest nucleotide sequence identity with that of east african cassava mosaic virus (aj704953) at 65%. based on the current ictv species demarcation criterion for the genus begomovirus (≥91% sequenc ... | 2017 | 28070648 |
| differential response of cassava genotypes to infection by cassava mosaic geminiviruses. | mitigation of cassava mosaic disease (cmd) focuses on the introgression of resistance imparted by the polygenic recessive (cmd1), dominant monogenic (cmd2) and cmd3 loci. the mechanism(s) of resistance they impart, however, remain unknown. two cmd susceptible and nine cmd resistant cassava genotypes were inoculated by microparticle bombardment with infectious clones of african cassava mosaic virus cameroon strain (acmv-cm) and the kenyan strain k201 of east african cassava mosaic virus (eacmv ke ... | 2017 | 27693919 |
| loss of cmd2-mediated resistance to cassava mosaic disease in plants regenerated through somatic embryogenesis. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) and cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) are the two most important viral diseases affecting cassava production in africa. three sources of resistance are employed to combat cmd: polygenic recessive resistance, termed cmd1, the dominant monogenic type, named cmd2, and the recently characterized cmd3. the farmer-preferred cultivar tme 204 carries inherent resistance to cmd mediated by cmd2, but is highly susceptible to cbsd. selected plants of tme 204 produced for rna ... | 2016 | 26662210 |
| quantification of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and east african cassava mosaic virus (eacmv-ug) in single and mixed infected cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) using quantitative pcr. | the quantity of genomic dna-a and dna-b of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and east african cassava mosaic virus uganda (uganda variant, eacmv-ug) was analysed using quantitative pcr to assess virus concentrations in plants from susceptible and tolerant cultivars. the concentrations of genome components in absolute and relative quantification experiments in single and mixed viral infections were determined. virus concentration was much higher in symptomatic leaf tissues compared to non-sympt ... | 2016 | 26456453 |
| sequences enhancing cassava mosaic disease symptoms occur in the cassava genome and are associated with south african cassava mosaic virus infection. | cassava is an important food security crop in sub-saharan africa. two episomal begomovirus-associated sequences, named sequences enhancing geminivirus symptoms (segs1 and segs2), were identified in field cassava affected by the devastating cassava mosaic disease (cmd). the sequences reportedly exacerbated cmd symptoms in the tolerant cassava landrace tme3, and the model plants arabidopsis thaliana and nicotiana benthamiana, when biolistically co-inoculated with african cassava mosaic virus-camer ... | 2016 | 25920485 |
| virus versus host plant micrornas: who determines the outcome of the interaction? | considering the importance of micrornas (mirnas) in the regulation of essential processes in plant pathogen interactions, it is not surprising that, while plant mirna sequences counteract viral attack via antiviral rna silencing, viruses in turn have developed antihost defense mechanisms blocking these rna silencing pathways and establish a counter-defense. in the current study, computational and stem-loop reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) approaches were employed to a) ... | 2014 | 24896088 |
| introduction of east african cassava mosaic zanzibar virus to oman harks back to "zanzibar, the capital of oman". | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) is the most devastating disease of the subsistence crop cassava (manihot esculenta) across africa and the indian subcontinent. the disease is caused by viruses of the genus begomovirus (family geminiviridae)-seven species have been identified so far. the sultanate of oman is unusual among countries in arabia in growing cassava on a small scale for local consumption. during a recent survey in a'seeb wilayat of muscat governorate, oman, cassava plants were identified w ... | 2013 | 23085885 |
| a novel cassava-infecting begomovirus from madagascar: cassava mosaic madagascar virus. | cassava mosaic geminiviruses (cmgs) are implicated in cassava mosaic disease (cmd), the main constraint to cassava production in africa. here, we report the complete nucleotide sequences of the dna-a and dna-b of a newly characterized cmg found infecting cassava in madagascar, for which we propose the tentative name cassava mosaic madagascar virus. with the exception of two recombinant regions that resembled a cmg, we determined that the non-recombinant part of the dna-a component is distantly r ... | 2012 | 22777180 |
| amylolytic enzymes acquired from l-lactic acid producing enterococcus faecium k-1 and improvement of direct lactic acid production from cassava starch. | an amylolytic lactic acid bacterium isolate k-1 was isolated from the wastewater of a cassava starch manufacturing factory and identified as entercoccus faecium based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. an extracellular α-amylase was purified to homogeneity and the molecular weight of the purified enzyme was approximately 112 kda with optimal ph value and temperature measured of 7.0 and 40 °c, respectively. it was stable at a ph range of 6.0-7.0, but was markedly sensitive to high temperatures a ... | 2017 | 28236189 |
| molecular cloning, subcellular localization and characterization of two adenylate kinases from cassava, manihot esculenta crantz cv. ku50. | adenylate kinase (adk) is a phosphotransferase that plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis. many isozymes located in different subcellular compartments have been reported. in this study, we focus on the characterization of cassava (manihot esculenta) adks. we found 15 adks that are publicly available in the african cassava genome database. we cloned two adks, namely meadk1 and meadk2, which are phylogenetically grouped together with the plastidial adk in potato. both meadk1 and m ... | 2016 | 27518222 |
| properties of cassava starch modified by amylomaltase from corynebacterium glutamicum. | amylomaltase (α-1,4-glucanotransferase, am; ec 2.4.1.25) from corynebacterium glutamicum expressed in escherichia coli was used to prepare the enzyme-modified cassava starch for food application. about 5% to 15% (w/v) of cassava starch slurries were incubated with 1, 3, or 5 units of amylomaltase/g starch. apparent amylose, amylopectin chain length distribution, thermal properties, freeze-thaw stability, thermo-reversibility, and gel strength of the obtained modified starches were measured. the ... | 2016 | 27105125 |
| heterologous expression of melea3: a 10 kda late embryogenesis abundant protein of cassava, confers tolerance to abiotic stress in escherichia coli with recombinant protein showing in vitro chaperone activity. | late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins are small molecular weight proteins involved in acquisition of tolerance to drought, salinity, high temperature, cold, and freezing stress in many plants. previous studies revealed a cdna sequence coding for a 10 kda atypical lea protein, named melea3, predicted to be located into mitochondria with potential role in salt stress response of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). here we aimed to produce the recombinant melea3 protein by heterologous express ... | 2015 | 25990084 |
| improvement of the amides forming capacity of the arylacetonitrilase from pseudomonas fluorescens ebc191 by site-directed mutagenesis. | the influence of different amino acid substitutions in the nitrilase from pseudomonas fluorescens ebc191 (nita) on the catalytical activity and the ability to form amides was investigated. the enzyme variant glu137ala was constructed because glutamate residues homologous to glu137 are highly conserved among different members of the nitrilase superfamily and it has been suggested that these residues are indispensable for the hydrolysis of amides by enzymes belonging to the nitrilase superfamily. ... | 2015 | 25248440 |
| efficient utilization of cassava pulp for succinate production by metabolically engineered escherichia coli kj122. | a metabolically engineered escherichia coli kj122 was efficiently utilized for succinate production from cassava pulp during batch separate hydrolysis and fermentation (shf) under simple anaerobic conditions. succinate concentration of 41.46 ± 0.05 g/l with yield and productivity of 82.33 ± 0.14 g/100 g dry pulp and 0.84 ± 0.02 g/l/h was obtained. in batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf), hydrolysis of 12 % (w/v) cassava pulp with an enzyme loading of 2 % amg + 3 % cel (v/w) ... | 2015 | 25030337 |
| simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cassava to succinic acid by escherichia coli nzn111. | in this study, the production of succinic acid from cassava starch and raw cassava instead of glucose by escherichia coli nzn111 was investigated. during the two-stage fermentation, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) was applied in the anaerobic stage. the results showed that both the productivity and specific productivity in the process conducted at 40°c were higher than those in the cultivation conducted at 37°c. the yield of succinic acid based on the amount of added starch ... | 2014 | 24787322 |
| novel allergens from ancient foods: man e 5 from manioc (manihot esculenta crantz) cross reacts with hev b 5 from latex. | manioc (manihot esculenta) is a tuber mainly consumed in the southern hemisphere and used worldwide by food and chemistry industry. we aimed to recombinantly produce and characterize the first manioc allergen and evaluate its ige reactivity in sera of brazilian and italian patients. | 2013 | 23526605 |
| effect of fibre level and fibre source on gut morphology and micro-environment in local (mong cai) and exotic (landrace×yorkshire) pigs. | the effect of genotype, fibre level and fibre source on gut morphology, environment and microflora was studied using 18 mong cai (mc) and 18 landrace×yorkshire (ly) pigs, aged around 60 d. the diets were based on maize, rice bran, soybean meal, fish meal and soybean oil, and cassava residue (cr) or brewer's grain (bg) as fibrous ingredient sources in the high-fibre diets (hf). a low-fibre diet (lf), containing around 200 g ndf/kg dry matter (dm), was formulated without cr and bg as feed ingredie ... | 2012 | 25049538 |
| metabolic engineering of klebsiella oxytoca m5a1 to produce optically pure d-lactate in mineral salts medium. | klebsiella oxytoca strains were constructed to produce optical pure d-lactate by ph-controlled batch fermentation in mineral salts medium. the alcohol dehydrogenase gene, adhe, and the phospho-transacetylase/acetate kinase a genes, pta-acka, were deleted from the wild type. kms002 (δadhe) and kms004 (δadhe δpta-acka) exhibited d-lactate production as a primary pathway for the regeneration of nad(+). both strains produced 11-13 g/l of d-lactate in medium containing 2% (w/v) glucose with yields of ... | 2012 | 22728200 |
| molecular studies on the transmission of indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv) and sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv) in cassava by bemisia tabaci and cloning of icmv and slcmv replicase gene from cassava. | cassava mosaic disease, caused by cassava mosaic geminiviruses are transmitted by bemisia tabaci. the b. tabaci adults from colonies reared on virus free cassava plant produced from apical meristem culture was studied to determine their ability to transmit indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv) and sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv) from cassava to cassava. virus free plants were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using geminivirus degenerate primers. the virus acquisition access peri ... | 2012 | 22302313 |
| bacteriological quality of foods and water sold by vendors and in restaurants in nsukka, enugu state, nigeria: a comparative study of three microbiological methods. | bacterial count in prepared food or water is a key factor in assessing the quality and safety of food. it also reveals the level of hygiene adopted by food handlers in the course of preparation of such foods. this comparative study evaluated the bacteriological quality of food and water consumed in nsukka, enugu state, nigeria, using three bacteria enumeration methods. data obtained are assumed to reflect the level of personal and environmental hygiene in the study population. ten types of foods ... | 2011 | 22283029 |
| potential of tannin-rich plants for modulating ruminal microbes and ruminal fermentation in sheep. | the objective of this work was to study nutritional strategies for decreasing methane production by ruminants fed tropical diets, combining in vitro and in vivo methods. the in vitro approach was used to evaluate the dose effect of condensed tannins (ct) contained in leaves of gliricidia sepium, leucaena leucocephala, and manihot esculenta (39, 75, and 92 g ct/kg dm, respectively) on methane production and ruminal fermentation characteristics. tannin-rich plants (trp) were incubated for 24 h alo ... | 2015 | 25568379 |
| influence of yeast fermented cassava chip protein (yefecap) and roughage to concentrate ratio on ruminal fermentation and microorganisms using in vitro gas production technique. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of protein sources and roughage (r) to concentrate (c) ratio on in vitro fermentation parameters using a gas production technique. the experimental design was a 2×5 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design (crd). factor a was 2 levels of protein sources yeast fermented cassava chip protein (yefecap) and soybean meal (sbm) and factor b was 5 levels of roughage to concentrate (r:c) ratio at 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, and 0:10 ... | 2014 | 25049924 |
| staple diets and duodenal ulcer prevalence. | the prevalence of duodenal ulceration in india, africa, china and other developing countries is high in some regions and low in others, despite a high prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection throughout the areas. this variation is related to the staple diet of the regions involved. in regions where, because of the climate, the staple food is milled white rice, wheat or maize, or cassava, yams,sweet potato and green bananas the prevalence of duodenal ulcer is higher than in regions where the ... | 2009 | 24036556 |
| tropical myelopathies. | a large number of causal agents produce spinal cord lesions in the tropics. most etiologies found in temperate regions also occur in the tropics including trauma, herniated discs, tumors, epidural abscess, and congenital malformations. however, infectious and nutritional disorders occur with higher prevalence in tropical regions. among the most common infectious etiologies are tuberculous pott's disease, brucellosis, and neuroborreliosis. parasitic diseases such as schistosomiasis, neurocysticer ... | 2014 | 24365434 |
| emergence of a latent indian cassava mosaic virus from cassava which recovered from infection by a non-persistent sri lankan cassava mosaic virus. | the major threat for cassava cultivation on the indian subcontinent is cassava mosaic disease (cmd) caused by cassava mosaic geminiviruses which are bipartite begomoviruses with dna a and dna b components. indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv) and sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv) cause cmd in india. two isolates of slcmv infected the cassava cultivar sengutchi in the fields near malappuram and thiruvananthapuram cities of kerala state, india. the malappuram isolate was persistent when mainta ... | 2016 | 27690084 |
| molecular characterization of a new begomovirus associated with leaf yellow mosaic disease of jatropha curcas in india. | during a survey in june 2011, severe leaf yellow mosaic disease was observed on about 45 % plants of jatropha curcas growing in the katerniaghat wildlife sanctuary in india. an association of a begomovirus with disease was detected in 15 out of 20 samples by pcr using begomovirus genus-specific primers and total dna isolated from symptomatic leaf samples. for identification of the begomovirus, the complete genome was amplified using a phi-29 dna-polymerase-based rolling-circle amplification kit ... | 2015 | 25716923 |
| engineering geminivirus resistance in jatropha curcus. | jatropha curcus is a good candidate plant for biodiesel production in tropical and subtropical regions. however, j. curcus is susceptible to the geminivirus indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv), and frequent viral disease outbreaks severely limit productivity. therefore the development of j. curcus to carry on durable virus resistance remains crucial and poses a major biotechnological challenge. | 2014 | 25352912 |
| dna-a of a highly pathogenic indian cassava mosaic virus isolated from jatropha curcas causes symptoms in nicotiana benthamiana. | jatropha curcas mosaic disease (jcmd) is a newly emerging disease that has been reported in africa and india. here, we report the complete nucleotide sequence of a new indian cassava mosaic virus isolate (icmv-sg) from singapore. infection of icmv-sg showed more severe jcmd in jatropha curcas and nicotiana benthamiana than the other icmv isolates reported previously, though icmv-sg shares high sequence identity with the other icmv isolates. agroinfectious dna-a alone sufficiently induced systemi ... | 2014 | 24445901 |
| pcr-rflp analysis indicates that recombination might be a common occurrence among the cassava infecting begomoviruses in india. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) is caused in india by two bipartite begomoviruses, indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv), and sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv). polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) was used as a rapid means of investigating the molecular diversity of icmv and slcmv in 38 samples of cmd-affected cassava plants under field conditions in new areas of cassava cultivation, along with traditional areas in southern india. a very large proportion ... | 2012 | 22696049 |
| efficient reduction of the formation of by-products and improvement of production yield of 2,3-butanediol by a combined deletion of alcohol dehydrogenase, acetate kinase-phosphotransacetylase, and lactate dehydrogenase genes in metabolically engineered klebsiella oxytoca in mineral salts medium. | klebsiella oxytoca kms005 (∆adhe∆acka-pta∆ldha) was metabolically engineered to improve 2,3-butanediol (bdo) yield. elimination of alcohol dehydrogenase e (adhe), acetate kinase a-phosphotransacetylase (acka-pta), and lactate dehydrogenase a (ldha) enzymes allowed bdo production as a primary pathway for nadh re-oxidation, and significantly reduced by-products. kms005 was screened for the efficient glucose utilization by metabolic evolution. kms005-73t improved bdo production at a concentration o ... | 2015 | 25895450 |
| industrial production of 2,3-butanediol from the engineered corynebacterium glutamicum. | the platform chemical 2,3-butanediol (2,3-bdo) is a valuable product that can be converted into several petroleum-based chemicals via simple chemical reactions. here, we produced 2,3-bdo with the non-pathogenic and rapidly growing corynebacterium glutamicum. to enhance the 2,3-bdo production capacity of c. glutamicum, we introduced buda encoding acetolactate decarboxylase from klebsiella pneumoniae, a powerful 2,3-bdo producer. additionally, budb (encoding α-acetolactate synthase) and budc (enco ... | 2015 | 26113219 |
| growth inhibition of thermotolerant yeast, kluyveromyces marxianus, in hydrolysates from cassava pulp. | in this study, we report the inhibition of kluyveromyces marxianus tistr5925 growth and ethanol fermentation in the presence of furan derivatives and weak acids (acetic acid and lactic acid) at high temperatures. cassava pulp, obtained as the waste from starch processing, was collected from 14 starch factories located in several provinces of thailand. at a high temperature (42 °c), the cassava pulp hydrolysate from some starch factories strongly inhibited growth and ethanol production of both k. ... | 2014 | 24781978 |
| nondairy beverage produced by controlled fermentation with potential probiotic starter cultures of lactic acid bacteria and yeast. | this work aimed to develop a nondairy fermented beverage from a blend of cassava and rice based on brazilian indigenous beverage cauim using probiotic lactic acid bacteria (lab) and yeast. the indigenous strains lactobacillus plantarum ccma 0743 (from cauim) and torulaspora delbrueckii ccma 0235 (from tarubá), and the commercial probiotic, l. acidophilus lac-04, were used as starter cultures in single and co-cultivations. the bacteria populations were around 8.0 log (cfu/ml) at the end of all fe ... | 2017 | 28242421 |
| molecular identification of lactobacillus spp. associated with puba, a brazilian fermented cassava food. | puba or carimã is a brazilian staple food obtained by spontaneous submerged fermentation of cassava roots. a total of 116 lactobacilli and three cocci isolates from 20 commercial puba samples were recovered on de man, rogosa and sharpe agar (mrs); they were characterized for their antagonistic activity against foodborne pathogens and identified taxonomically by classical and molecular methods. in all samples, lactic acid bacteria were recovered as the dominant microbiota (7.86 ± 0.41 log10 cfu/g ... | 2013 | 24159278 |
| study of the physicochemical parameters and spontaneous fermentation during the traditional production of yakupa, an indigenous beverage produced by brazilian amerindians. | yakupa is a traditional non-alcoholic cassava beverage produced by brazilian amerindians. in this work the microbial dynamics and metabolites involved in yakupa fermentation were investigated by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and chromatography analysis, respectively. the lactic acid bacteria (lab) population was higher than yeast in the beginning of fermentation (5 log cfu ml(-1) and 3 log cfu ml(-1), respectively) and after 36 h both population increased reaching 7 log cfu ml(-1), ... | 2014 | 23996637 |
| enhanced butanol production from cassava with clostridium acetobutylicum by genome shuffling. | to obtain strains exhibiting high levels of solvent tolerance and butanol production, wild type strains of clostridium acetobutylicum butanol-producing strain gx01 and lactobacillus mucosae butanol-tolerant strain m26 were subjected to mutagenesis combining n-methyl-n-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine induction with genome shuffling. after four successive rounds of genome shuffling, the c. acetobutylicum shuffled strain gs4-3 showing greater levels of fermentation performances (such as secreting a higher ... | 2016 | 26925615 |
| utilization of by-products derived from bioethanol production process for cost-effective production of lactic acid. | the by-products of bioethanol production such as thin stillage (ts) and condensed distillers solubles (cds) were used as a potential nitrogen source for economical production of lactic acid. the effect of those by-products and their concentrations on lactic acid fermentation were investigated using lactobacillus paracasei chb2121. approximately, 6.7 g/l of yeast extract at a carbon source to nitrogen source ratio of 15 was required to produce 90 g/l of lactic acid in the medium containing 100 g/ ... | 2014 | 25163666 |
| characterization of ethanol fermentation waste and its application to lactic acid production by lactobacillus paracasei. | in this study, an ethanol fermentation waste (efw) was characterized for use as an alternative to yeast extract for bulk fermentation processes. efw generated from a commercial plant in which ethanol is produced from cassava/rice/wheat/barley starch mixtures using saccharomyces cerevisiae was used for lactic acid production by lactobacillus paracasei. the effects of temperature, ph, and duration on the autolysis of an ethanol fermentation broth (efb) were also investigated. the distilled efw (de ... | 2013 | 22907566 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of weissella cibaria and lactobacillus plantarum for their protective effect against cadmium and lead toxicities. | thirty-two lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolates were obtained from fermenting cassava mash and wara (african soft cheese) and screened for their resistance to cadmium and lead toxicities at 550-1050 mg l(-1) and probiotic potentials. four lab strains that tolerated the heavy metals at 1050 mg l(-1) were selected for antioxidative capacities, tolerance to acid, bile salts and simulated gastric and intestinal tract and safety status. the results revealed that weissella cibaria wd2 and lactobacillus ... | 2017 | 28276067 |
| two-step production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from cassava powder using corynebacterium glutamicum and lactobacillus plantarum. | production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) from crop biomass such as cassava in high concentration is desirable, but difficult to achieve. a safe biotechnological route was investigated to produce gaba from cassava powder by c. glutamicum g01 and l. plantarum gb01-21. liquefied cassava powder was first transformed to glutamic acid by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with c. glutamicum g01, followed by biotransformation of glutamic acid to gaba with resting cells of l. plantarum g ... | 2015 | 26115763 |
| microbial population, chemical composition and silage fermentation of cassava residues. | in order to effectively use the cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) residues, including cassava leaves, peel and pulp for livestock diets, the chemical and microbiological composition, silage preparation and the effects of lactic acid bacteria (lab) inoculants on silage fermentation of cassava residues were studied. these residues contained 10(4) to 10(5) lab and yeasts, 10(3) to 10(4) coliform bacteria and 10(4) aerobic bacteria in colony forming units (cfu) on a fresh matter (fm) basis. the mol ... | 2015 | 25781881 |
| acromyrmex octospinosus (hymenoptera: formicidae) management: effects of tramils fungicidal plant extracts. | leaf-cutting ants, acromyrmex octospinosus (reich), are considering among the most important pest species of the new world. until now, the main insecticides used for controlling these ants were synthetic chemicals. leaf-cutting ants live in obligate symbiosis with abasidiomycete fungus, leucocoprinus gongylophorus (heim) moeller. the crucial role of this symbiotic partner in the nest of leaf-cutting ants has prompted us to focus on a. octospinosus management through the use of fungicides in our ... | 2012 | 22928301 |
| low-fat frankfurters from protein concentrates of tilapia viscera and mechanically separated tilapia meat. | in order to develop a healthy low-fat frankfurter-type sausage, different formulations were developed with tilapia viscera surimi (t1) and two with mechanically separated tilapia meat (mstm) surimi (t2 and t3), all without pig lard addition. due to technological problems observed for t1 sausage during cooking, it was not further investigated. the functionality of the other two formulations was evaluated based on proximate composition, ph, water activity, and texture. finally, microbiological and ... | 2013 | 24804055 |
| lysinibacillus louembei sp. nov., a spore-forming bacterium isolated from ntoba mbodi, alkaline fermented leaves of cassava from the republic of the congo. | investigation of the microbial diversity of ntoba mbodi, an african food made from the alkaline fermentation of cassava leaves, revealed the presence of a gram-positive, catalase-positive, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped endospore-forming bacterium (nm73) with unusual phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. the analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequence revealed that the isolate was most closely related to lysinibacillus meyeri ws 4626t (98.93%), lysinibacillus xylanilyticus xdb9t (96.95%) and lysi ... | 2015 | 26333923 |
| effects of meloidogyne incognita on growth and storage-root formation of cassava (manihot esculenta). | two-node cuttings of cassava cultivar ss4 were inoculated with 1,000 infective juveniles of meloidogyne incognita at 1, 14, 40, 70, 88, and 127 days after planting (dap). plant growth and root damage were assessed at 150 dap. meloidogyne incognita significantly reduced the number of storageroots formed in plants inoculated at 14, 40, 70, and 88 dap and the total weight of storage-roots in plants inoculated at 1, 14, 40, 70, and 88 dap, compared to uninoculated plants. individual storage-root wei ... | 2000 | 19270997 |
| selecting native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to promote cassava growth and increase yield under field conditions. | the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (amf) inoculation in sustainable agriculture is now widespread worldwide. although the use of inoculants consisting of native amf is highly recommended as an alternative to commercial ones, there is no strategy to allow the selection of efficient fungal species from natural communities. the objective of this study was (i) to select efficient native amf species (ii) evaluate their impact on nematode and water stresses, and (iii) evaluate their impact on ca ... | 2016 | 28066381 |
| mechanisms of increased linamarin degradation during solid-substrate fermentation of cassava. | several fungi and bacteria, isolated from ugandan domestic fermented cassava, released hcn from linamarin in defined growth media. in 72 h, a bacillus sp. decreased the linamarin to 1% of initial concentrations, mucor racemosus to 7%, rhizopus oryzae and r. stolonifer to 30%, but neurospora sitophila and geotrichum candidum hardly degraded the linamarin. adding pectolytic and cellulolytic enzymes, but not linamarase, to root pieces under aseptic conditions, led to root softening and significantl ... | 1995 | 24414645 |
| influence of the carbon and nitrogen sources on keratinase production by myrothecium verrucaria in submerged and solid state cultures. | myrothecium verrucaria is a nondermatophytic filamentous fungus able to grow and to produce keratinase in submerged (93.0 +/- 19 u/ml) and solid state (98.8 +/- 7.9 u/ml) cultures in which poultry feather powder (pfp) is the only substrate. the purpose of the present work was to verify how different carbon and nitrogen sources can influence the production of keratinase by this fungus. addition of carbohydrates, such as glucose and sucrose, caused only slight improvements in keratinase production ... | 2009 | 19229574 |
| prevalence and risk factors for active convulsive epilepsy in kintampo, ghana. | epilepsy is common in sub-saharan africa, but there is little data in west africa, to develop public health measures for epilepsy in this region. | 2015 | 26401223 |
| cassava ivorian bacilliform virus is a member of the genus anulavirus. | the complete genomic sequence of cassava ivorian bacilliform virus (cibv) is described. the virus has a genomic organization similar to that of pelargonium zonate spot virus (pzsv), the type member of the genus anulavirus, but it is most closely related to a second, recently described, anulavirus, amazon lily mild mottle virus (alimmv). | 2014 | 24838850 |
| cellulase with high β-glucosidase activity by penicillium oxalicum under solid state fermentation and its use in hydrolysis of cassava residue. | in this study, we investigated cellulase production by penicillium oxalicum eu2106 under solid-state fermentation (ssf) and its hydrolysis efficiency toward naoh-h2o2-pretreated cassava residue (nhcr) produced after bioethanol fermentation. optimization of ssf cultivation conditions for p. oxalicum eu2106 using a box-behnken design-based response-surface methodology resulted in maximal cellulase activity of 34.0 ± 2.8 filter-paper units/g dry substrate, exhibiting a ~ twofold increase relative t ... | 2017 | 28120306 |
| efficient hydrolysis of raw starch and ethanol fermentation: a novel raw starch-digesting glucoamylase from penicillium oxalicum. | starch is a very abundant and renewable carbohydrate and is an important feedstock for industrial applications. the conventional starch liquefaction and saccharification processes are energy-intensive, complicated, and not environmentally friendly. raw starch-digesting glucoamylases are capable of directly hydrolyzing raw starch to glucose at low temperatures, which significantly simplifies processing and reduces the cost of producing starch-based products. | 2016 | 27777618 |
| selection and characterization of a newly isolated thermotolerant pichia kudriavzevii strain for ethanol production at high temperature from cassava starch hydrolysate. | pichia kudriavzevii dmku 3-et15 was isolated from traditional fermented pork sausage by an enrichment technique in a yeast extract peptone dextrose (ypd) broth, supplemented with 4 % (v/v) ethanol at 40 °c and selected based on its ethanol fermentation ability at 40 °c in ypd broth composed of 16 % glucose, and in a cassava starch hydrolysate medium composed of cassava starch hydrolysate adjusted to 16 % glucose. the strain produced ethanol from cassava starch hydrolysate at a high temperature u ... | 2013 | 23132277 |
| characteristics and malaria prevalence of migrant populations in malaria-endemic areas along the thai-cambodian border. | the rise of artemisinin resistant plasmodium falciparum along the thai-cambodian border is an urgent public health threat. we conducted an employer-based survey of migrant workers in two provinces in thailand along the thai-cambodian border to explore socio-economic conditions, bednet ownership, and parasite prevalence among migrant workers. five thousand three hundred seventy-one migrant workers were enrolled in this study; 56.9% were male. cambodians comprised 69.0%, migrants from myanmar comp ... | 2012 | 23082578 |
| assay of antioxidant potential of two filamentous fungi isolated from the indonesian fermented dried cassava. | the antioxidant capacity and antioxidant constituents of two filamentous fungi (acremonium charticola and rhizopus oryzae) isolated from the indonesian fermented dried cassava (gathot) were evaluated in the present study. the antioxidant capacity of the fungal crude extracts was assessed based on the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethyl-benzthiazolin-6-sulfonicacid) (abts) method. total phenolics were determined based on the folin-ciocalteu method, while the flavonoids content in the fungal extracts was deter ... | 2016 | 26848695 |
| direct fermentation of l (+)-lactic acid from cassava pulp by solid state culture of rhizopus oryzae. | this study shows that rhizopus oryzae is capable of directly utilizing cassava pulp alone to l-lactic acid in solid state fermentation (ssf). ph control at 6.0 helped prevent end product inhibition. increasing lactate titer was observed at the higher initial moistened water due to the higher degree of substrate swelling and hydrolysis. with shaking, limited ethanol production but no change in lactate titer was observed. rigorous shaking gave better oxygen transfer but presumably caused cell dama ... | 2012 | 22476767 |
| enzyme activities and substrate degradation by fungal isolates on cassava waste during solid state fermentation. | the growth and bioconversion potential of selected strains growing on cassava waste substrate during solid state fermentation were assessed. rhizopus stolonifer showed the highest and the fastest utilization of starch and cellulose in the cassava waste substrate. it showed 70% starch utilization and 81% cellulose utilization within eight days. the release of reducing sugars indicating the substrate saccharification or degradation potential of the organisms reached the highest value of 406.5 mg/g ... | 2007 | 24015097 |
| rumen microorganisms, methane production, and microbial protein synthesis affected by mangosteen peel powder supplement in lactating dairy cows. | four crossbred dairy cows (50 % holstein-friesian × 50 % thai native), 404 ± 50.0 kg of body weight (4 years old) and 90 ± 5 day in milk with daily milk production of 9 ± 2.0 kg/day, were randomly assigned according to a 4 × 4 latin square design to study the effect of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) peel powder (msp) supplementation on rumen microorganisms, methane production, and microbial protein synthesis fed concentrate containing yeast fermented cassava chip protein (yefecap). the treatme ... | 2016 | 26885988 |
| capillary electrophoresis method for the analysis of organic acids and amino acids in the presence of strongly alternating concentrations of aqueous lactic acid. | during the production of bio-based bulk chemicals, such as lactic acid (la), organic impurities have to be removed to produce a ready-to-market product. a capillary electrophoresis method for the simultaneous detection of la and organic impurities in less than 10 min was developed. la and organic impurities were detected using a direct uv detection method with micellar background electrolyte, which consisted of borate and sodium dodecyl sulfate. we investigated the effects of electrolyte composi ... | 2017 | 28382460 |
| novel process combining anaerobic-aerobic digestion and ion exchange resin for full recycling of cassava stillage in ethanol fermentation. | a novel cleaner ethanol production process has been developed. thin stillage is treated initially by anaerobic digestion followed by aerobic digestion and then further treated by chloride anion exchange resin. this allows the fully-digested and resin-treated stillage to be completely recycled for use as process water in the next ethanol fermentation batch, which eliminates wastewater discharges and minimizes consumption of fresh water. the method was evaluated at the laboratory scale. process pa ... | 2017 | 28223080 |
| expression of a mutated spt15 gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae enhances both cell growth and ethanol production in microaerobic batch, fed-batch, and simultaneous saccharification and fermentations. | the spt15 gene encodes a saccharomyces cerevisiae tata-binding protein, which is able to globally control the transcription levels of various metabolic and regulatory genes. in this study, a spt15 gene mutant (s42n, s78r, s163p, and i212n) was expressed in s. cerevisiae by4741 (bspt15-m3), of which effects on fermentative yeast properties were evaluated in a series of culture types. by applying different nitrogen sources and air supply conditions in batch culture, organic nitrogen sources and mi ... | 2017 | 28168313 |
| yeast mixture of liquid beer and cassava pulp with rice straw for the growth of dairy heifers. | this study was conducted to determine the effects of mixtures of liquid brewer's yeast (lby) and cassava pulp (cvp) with rice straw (rs) on feed intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, and growth of dairy heifers. sixteen holstein crossbred heifers (13.8 ± 1.6 months old, 210 ± 23 kg body weight (bw)) were randomly allocated to four feeding treatments with four replications, which were 0:0:100 (rs), 0:70:30 (0%lby), 20:50:30 (20%lby), and 50:20:30 (50%lby), respectively, for lby/cvp/rs on a f ... | 2017 | 28078531 |
| attraction of coffee bean weevil, araecerus fasciculatus, to volatiles from the industrial yeast kluyveromyces lactis. | the coffee bean weevil (cbw), araecerus fasciculatus (de geer, 1775) (coleoptera: anthribidae) is an important pest of stored products such as grains, coffee beans, cassava, and traditional chinese medicine materials. in china, cbw causes large losses of daqu, a traditional chinese liquor fermentation starter, and, unfortunately, the use of conventional insecticides against cbw is not suitable in daqu storage. we found cbw to be highly attracted to fermenting yeast cultures, such as kluyveromyce ... | 2017 | 28032269 |
| effect of acetic acid in recycling water on ethanol production for cassava in an integrated ethanol-methane fermentation process. | recently, the integrated ethanol-methane fermentation process has been studied to prevent wastewater pollution. however, when the anaerobic digestion reaction runs poorly, acetic acid will accumulate in the recycling water. in this paper, we studied the effect of low concentration of acetic acid (≤25 mm) on ethanol fermentation at different initial ph values (4.2, 5.2 or 6.2). at an initial ph of 4.2, ethanol yields increased by 3.0% and glycerol yields decreased by 33.6% as the acetic acid conc ... | 2016 | 27858795 |
| effects of graded levels of liquid brewer's yeast on chemical composition and fermentation quality in cassava pulp and rice straw-based total mixed ration silage. | this study aimed to evaluate the effect of liquid brewer's yeast (lby) addition on chemical composition and fermentation quality of mixture of lby and cassava pulp (cvp) with rice straw (rs) in different ratios during preservation periods. four mixtures of lby, cvp and rs were made, that is mixture ratio of lby : cvp : rs of 0% lby, 20% lby, 35% lby and 50% lby were 0:70:30, 20:50:30, 35:35:30 and 50:20:30 as fresh matter, respectively. the bags were opened at weeks 0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 after storag ... | 2017 | 27611881 |
| effects of different ratios and storage periods of liquid brewer's yeast mixed with cassava pulp on chemical composition, fermentation quality and in vitro ruminal fermentation. | this study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, fermentation quality and in vitro ruminal fermentation of various ratios and storage periods of liquid brewer's yeast (lby) mixed with cassava pulp (cvp). | 2017 | 27383807 |
| ethanol production from a biomass mixture of furfural residues with green liquor-peroxide saccarified cassava liquid. | as the most abundant renewable resources, lignocellulosic materials are ideal candidates as alternative feedstock for bioethanol production. cassava residues (cr) are byproducts of the cassava starch industry which can be mixed with lignocellulosic materials for ethanol production. the presence of lignin in lignocellulosic substrates can inhibit saccharification by reducing the cellulase activity. simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) of furfural residues (fr) pretreated with gree ... | 2016 | 27245838 |
| growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot thai native × lowline angus crossbred steer fed with fermented cassava starch residue. | ten thai native × lowline angus crossbred (50:50) steers were used in a completely randomized design to receive two treatments including concentrate containing cassava chips (control) and fermented cassava starch residue (fcsr) as major carbohydrate sources. fcsr was prepared as yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) inoculates with exogenous enzyme addition. all steers received ad libitum rice straw and concentrate in equal proportions (1:1). replacement of cassava chip with fcsr increased neutral de ... | 2016 | 26942915 |