| attempts to reduce exposure to fungi, β-glucan, bacteria, endotoxin and dust in vegetable greenhouses and a packaging unit. | indoor handling of large amounts of plant materials occurs in different occupational settings including greenhouses and causes exposure to bioaerosols. the bioaerosol components fungi, β-glucan, bacteria and endotoxin are involved in different airway symptoms and health effects can be dose-dependent. therefore, there is a persistent need to reduce exposure. the aims of this study were to identify tasks causing exposure and to evaluate preventive measures aimed at reducing exposure of greenhouse ... | 2014 | 24112965 |
| evidence of programmed cell death induced by reconditioning after cold stress in cucumber fruit and possible involvement of ethylene. | cucumber fruit is susceptible to chilling injury (ci), which could be accelerated significantly with subsequent shelf-life. this type of ci culminates in deterioration of organs and eventually leads to cell death. in this study, evidence of programmed cell death (pcd), involving cell death induced by cold stress, was investigated in cucumber. harvested cucumber (cucumis sativus l. cv. zhexiu-1) fruits were stored at 2 °c for 3, 6 or 9 days and subsequently transferred to 20 °c for 2 days. | 2014 | 24105489 |
| comprehensive analysis of the homeodomain-leucine zipper iv transcription factor family in cucumis sativus. | the class iv homeodomain-leucine zipper (hd-zip iv) proteins are plant-specific transcriptional factors known to play crucial roles in plant growth and development. in this study, 11 cucumber (cucumis sativus) hd-zip iv genes were identified in the version 2 cucumber genome and found to be distributed unevenly across the chromosomes. the cshdziv (cucumis sativus homeodomain-leucine zipper iv) gene family is smaller than in other studied species (except for rice) because of the absence of gene du ... | 2013 | 24099392 |
| cucurbita spp. and cucumis sativus enhance the dissipation of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners by stimulating soil microbial community development. | a number of cucurbita species have the potential to extract polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) from soil, but their impact on the soil microbial communities responsible for pcb degradation remains unclear. a greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of three cucurbita and one cucumis species on pcb dissipation and soil microbial community structure. compared to the unplanted control, enhanced losses of pcbs (19.5%-42.7%) were observed in all planted soils. cucurbita pepo and cu ... | 2014 | 24077568 |
| phloem transport velocity varies over time and among vascular bundles during early cucumber seedling development. | we use a novel dye-tracing technique to measure in vivo phloem transport velocity in cucumber (cucumis sativus) plants during early seedling development. we focus on seedlings because of their importance in plant establishment and because they provide a simple source and sink model of phloem transport. the dye-tracing method uses a photodiode to track the movement of a bleach front of fluorescent dye traveling in the phloem from the cotyledons (source) to the roots (sink). during early seedling ... | 2013 | 24072581 |
| reliable reference genes for normalization of gene expression in cucumber grown under different nitrogen nutrition. | in plants, nitrogen is the most important nutritional factor limiting the yield of cultivated crops. since nitrogen is essential for synthesis of nucleotides, amino acids and proteins, studies on gene expression in plants cultivated under different nitrogen availability require particularly careful selection of suitable reference genes which are not affected by nitrogen limitation. therefore, the objective of this study was to select the most reliable reference genes for qpcr analysis of target ... | 2013 | 24058446 |
| context-dependency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant-insect interactions in an agroecosystem. | plants interact with a variety of other community members that have the potential to indirectly influence each other through a shared host plant. arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) are generally considered plant mutualists because of their generally positive effects on plant nutrient status and growth. amf may also have important indirect effects on plants by altering interactions with other community members. by influencing plant traits, amf can modify aboveground interactions with both mutuali ... | 2013 | 24046771 |
| synchrotron verification of tio2 accumulation in cucumber fruit: a possible pathway of tio2 nanoparticle transfer from soil into the food chain. | the transfer of nanoparticles (nps) into the food chain through edible plants is of great concern. cucumis sativus l. is a freshly consumed garden vegetable that could be in contact with nps through biosolids and direct agrichemical application. in this research, cucumber plants were cultivated for 150 days in sandy loam soil treated with 0 to 750 mg tio2 nps kg(-1). fruits were analyzed using synchrotron μ-xrf and μ-xanes, icp-oes, and biochemical assays. results showed that catalase in leaves ... | 2013 | 24040965 |
| no₃⁻/h⁺ antiport in the tonoplast of cucumber root cells is stimulated by nitrate supply: evidence for a reversible nitrate-induced phosphorylation of vacuolar no₃⁻/h⁺ antiport. | studies in the last few years have shed light on the process of nitrate accumulation within plant cells, achieving molecular identification and partial characterization of the genes and proteins involved in this process. however, contrary to the plasma membrane-localized nitrate transport activities, the kinetics of active nitrate influx into the vacuole and its adaptation to external nitrate availability remain poorly understood. in this work, we have investigated the activity and regulation of ... | 2013 | 24040130 |
| chemical fingerprinting and phylogenetic mapping of saponin congeners from three tropical holothurian sea cucumbers. | holothurians are sedentary marine organisms known to produce saponins (triterpene glycosides), secondary metabolites exhibiting a wide range of biological activities. in this paper, we investigated the saponin contents of semi-purified and membranolytic hplc fractionated extracts from the body wall of three species of holothuriidae as an attempt to examine its chemical diversity in relation to phylogenetic data. maldi-fticr ms and nano-hplc-chip q-tof ms were used for mass profiling and isomer s ... | 2015 | 24036426 |
| saponins: the potential chemotherapeutic agents in pursuing new anti-glioblastoma drugs. | saponins are natural glycosides consisting of a triterpene or steroid aglycone with a range of pharmacological properties such as significant anti-tumor activity. in this article, we review our recent progress in the studies of the saponins possessing anticancer effects, especially anti-glioblastoma effects from twelve species of marine organisms and terrestrial plants. the anti-glioblastoma active saponins discovered by other researchers in recent decades are also reviewed and compared. systema ... | 2013 | 24032516 |
| isolation and algicidal characterization of bowmanella denitrificans s088 against chlorella vulgaris. | one strain of algicidal bacterium, named as s088, was isolated from the intestine of healthy sea cucumbers (stichopus horrens) in the south china sea. based on the analysis of its biochemical characteristics and 16s rdna gene sequence, s088 was identified as bowmanella denitrificans. importantly, the algicidal activity of s088 on chlorella vulgaris was characterized in this study. the initial densities of bacterial and algal cell showed strong influence on the removal rates of chlorophyll a. whe ... | 2014 | 24030170 |
| antisense suppression of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) sucrose synthase 3 (cssus3) reduces hypoxic stress tolerance. | sucrose synthase (sus; ec 2.4.1.13) plays important roles in sugar metabolism and abiotic stress response. but the genes encoding sus in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) have not been well studied. here, we isolated four cucumber sucrose synthase genes (cssus). among them, cssus3, which highly expressed in the roots, was chosen for further study. immunolocalization and subcellular localization analysis indicated that cssus3 localized in the cytosol and the plasma membrane, and mainly existed in the ... | 2014 | 24028217 |
| when a repellent becomes an attractant: harmful saponins are kairomones attracting the symbiotic harlequin crab. | marine organisms have developed a high diversity of chemical defences in order to avoid predators and parasites. in sea cucumbers, saponins function as repellents and many species produce these cytotoxic secondary metabolites. nonetheless, they are colonized by numerous symbiotic organisms amongst which the harlequin crab, lissocarcinus orbicularis, is one of the most familiar in the indo-pacific ocean. we here identify for the first time the nature of the molecules secreted by sea cucumbers and ... | 2013 | 24026443 |
| near-uv radiation acts as a beneficial factor for physiological responses in cucumber plants. | effects of near-uv radiation on the growth and physiological activity of cucumber plants were investigated morphologically, physiologically and biochemically using 3-week-old seedlings grown under polyvinyl chloride films featuring transmission either above 290 nm or above 400 nm in growth chambers. the hypocotyl length and leaf area of cucumber seedlings were reduced but the thickness of leaves was enhanced by near-uv radiation, due to increased upper/lower epidermis thickness, palisade parench ... | 2013 | 24013482 |
| genome-wide identification and expression profile of homeodomain-leucine zipper class i gene family in cucumis sativus. | the hd-zip proteins comprise one of the largest families of transcription factors in plants. hd-zip genes have been grouped into four different classes: hd-zip i to iv. in this study, we described the identification and structural characterization of class i hd-zip genes in cucumber. a complete set of 13 hd-zip i genes were identified in the cucumber genome using blast search tools and phylogeny. the cucumber hd-zip i family contained a smaller number of identified genes compared to other higher ... | 2013 | 24013079 |
| [determination of monosialogangliosides in sea cucumbers and sea urchins using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. | an approach based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the quantification of monosialogangliosides (mg) in sea cucumbers and sea urchins. the gangliosides of sea cucumbers and sea urchins were extracted according to the svennerholm method and cleaned up by c8 solid phase extraction column. the extracts were separated on an aps-2 nh2 column (150 mm x 2.1 mm, 3 microm) with the mobile phases of acetonitrile and 50 mmol/l ammonium acetate (ph 5.6) under gradient eluti ... | 2013 | 24010336 |
| mitochondrial ferritin is a functional iron-storage protein in cucumber (cucumis sativus) roots. | in plants, intracellular fe trafficking must satisfy chloroplasts' and mitochondrial demands for fe without allowing its accumulation in the organelles in dangerous redox-active forms. protein ferritin is involved in such homeostatic control, however its functional role in mitochondria, differently from its role in chloroplasts, is still matter of debate. to test ferritin functionality as a 24-mer fe-storage complex in mitochondria, cucumber seedlings were grown under different conditions of fe ... | 2013 | 23967005 |
| polyamines induce adaptive responses in water deficit stressed cucumber roots. | the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exogenous polyamines (pas) on the membrane status and proline level in roots of water stressed cucumber (cucumis sativus cv. dar) seedlings. it was found that water shortage resulted in an increase of membrane injury, lipoxygenase (lox) activity, lipid peroxidation and proline concentration in cucumber roots during progressive dehydration. pa pretreatment resulted in a distinct reduction of the injury index, and this effect was reflected by ... | 2014 | 23934013 |
| [role of phytochrome in organ formation processes in cucumis sativus l]. | the role of phytochrome b in the organogenesis process in the apical and axillary shoot meristems during early ontogenesis stages in cucumber cucumis sativus l. at photoperiods (day/night) 10/14, 16/8 h, and continuous light in comparison with wild type plants and phytochrome b-deficient mutant (lh-mutant) was investigated. in mutant phytochrome b, deficiency caused inhibition of initiation of leaves both in the leading shoot and off-shoots and increased the number of flower buds (iv stage of or ... | 2013 | 23885564 |
| triterpenoids of marine origin as anti-cancer agents. | triterpenoids are the most abundant secondary metabolites present in marine organisms, such as marine sponges, sea cucumbers, marine algae and marine-derived fungi. a large number of triterpenoids are known to exhibit cytotoxicity against a variety of tumor cells, as well as anticancer efficacy in preclinical animal models. in this review efforts have been taken to review the structural features and the potential use of triterpenoids of marine origin to be used in the pharmaceutical industry as ... | 2013 | 23884125 |
| effects of diethylphthalate and di-(2-ethyl)hexylphthalate on the physiology and ultrastructure of cucumber seedlings. | phthalic acid esters (paes) are one kind of persistent organic pollutants. this study was conducted to investigate the effects of diethylphthalate (dep) and di(2-ethyl)hexylphthalate (dehp) with different concentrations (0, 30, 50, 100, and 200 mg l(-1)) on early seedling growth of cucumis sativus l. physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructure of seedling leaves were examined for 7-day exposure. the three antioxidant enzymes' activities was stimulated at low-dep treatments and decreased under ... | 2014 | 23860597 |
| growth temperature-induced changes in biomass accumulation, photosynthesis and glutathione redox homeostasis as influenced by hydrogen peroxide in cucumber. | hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and glutathione (gsh) are involved in the stress response in plants. to elucidate the role of h2o2 in the acclimation of co2 assimilation under sub- or supra-optimal growth temperatures, we examined the effect and interaction of h2o2 manipulation on the photosynthetic metabolism of cucumber plants (cucumis sativus l.) grown under five temperature regimes spanning above and below the optimal growth temperature; 11/9, 18/15, 25/20, 32/27, and 39/33 °c (day/night), with or ... | 2013 | 23860263 |
| cloning and expression analysis of transketolase gene in cucumis sativus l. | transketolase (tk, ec 2.2.1.1) is a key enzyme in the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle (calvin cycle). a full-length cdna encoding transketolase (tk, designated as cstk) was isolated from cucumber leaves (cucumis sativa l. cv 'jinyou 3') by rt-pcr and race. the cdna contained 2368 nucleotides with a complete open reading frame (orf) of 2229 nucleotides, which was predicted to encode a peptide of 742 amino acids. expression analysis by real-time pcr and western blot revealed that tk mrna was ... | 2013 | 23860231 |
| effect of silicon addition on soybean (glycine max) and cucumber (cucumis sativus) plants grown under iron deficiency. | silicon is considered an essential element in several crops enhancing growth and alleviating different biotic and abiotic stresses. in this work, the role of si in the alleviation of iron deficiency symptoms and in the fe distribution in iron deficient plants has been studied. thus, soybean and cucumber plants grown in hydroponic culture under iron limiting conditions were treated with different si doses (0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 mm). the use of a strong chelating agent such as hbed avoided fe co-precip ... | 2013 | 23845824 |
| brassinosteroids-induced systemic stress tolerance was associated with increased transcripts of several defence-related genes in the phloem in cucumis sativus. | brassinosteroids (brs), a group of naturally occurring plant steroidal compounds, are essential for plant growth, development and stress tolerance. recent studies showed that brs could induce systemic tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses; however, the molecular mechanisms by which brs signals lead to responses in the whole plant are largely unknown. in this study, 24-epibrassinosteroid (ebr)-induced systemic tolerance in cucumis sativus l. cv. jinyan no. 4 was analyzed through the assessment ... | 2013 | 23840504 |
| a high-resolution cucumber cytogenetic map integrated with the genome assembly. | high-resolution cytogenetic map can provide not only important biological information on genome organization but also solid foundation for genetic and genomic research. the progress in the molecular and cytogenetic studies has created the basis for developing the cytogenetic map in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.). | 2013 | 23834562 |
| nutrient and enzymatic changes of hydrolysed tannery solid waste treated with epigeic earthworm eudrilus eugeniae and phytotoxicity assessment on selected commercial crops. | animal fleshing (anfl) is the predominant proteinaceous solid waste generated during processing of leather and it is confronting disposal problems. the aim of this study was to assess the potential of epigeic earthworm eudrilus eugeniae to utilize and transform the fermented anfl in the solid state (ssf) and submerged state (smf) into a value added product along a low residence period (25 days). a total of six treatment units containing different waste mixture compositions were established. fift ... | 2014 | 23818071 |
| [growth and development of cucumber cucumis sativus l. in the prereproductive period under long photoperiods]. | when plants are grown in a greenhouse, an increase in the photoperiod, as well as continuous lighting, is one of the ways to improve plant productivity and energy savings. however, a number of crops under long photoperiods develop signs of light damage to leaves, and productivity is reduced. we studied the effect of the photoperiod (8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h) and photon flux densities (60, 120, and 160 micromol/m2 with par) on cucumber plants cucumis sativus l. in a prereproductive period. we show ... | 2013 | 23785847 |
| boron excess affects photosynthesis and antioxidant apparatus of greenhouse cucurbita pepo and cucumis sativus. | this study aimed to evaluate the behavior of zucchini (cucurbita pepo l.) and cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) under boron (b) excess. plants were grown under greenhouse conditions in a sandy soil-peat mixture using a nutrient solution containing 0.2 (control), 10 and 20 mg l(-1) b. visible symptoms were quantified and leaf b accumulation, gas exchanges, chlorophyll (chl) a fluorescence, malondialdehyde by-products and antioxidants were investigated 20 days after the beginning of the treatments. bo ... | 2013 | 23779070 |
| influence of metal oxide particles on soil enzyme activity and bioaccumulation of two plants. | particle size and metal species are important to both soil microbial toxicity and phytotoxicity in the soil ecosystem. the effects of cuo and zno nanoparticles (nps) and microparticles (mps) on soil microbial toxicity, phytotoxicity, and bioaccumulation in two crops (cucumis sativus and zea mays) were estimated in a soil microcosm. in the microcosm system, soil was artificially contaminated with 1,000 mg/kg cuo and zno nps and mps. after 15 days, we compared the microbial toxicity and phytotoxic ... | 2013 | 23751560 |
| common arbuscular mycorrhizal networks amplify competition for phosphorus between seedlings and established plants. | common mycorrhizal networks (cmns) influence competition between plants, but reports regarding their precise effect are conflicting. we studied cmn effects on phosphorus (p) uptake and growth of seedlings as influenced by various disruptions of network components. tomato (solanum lycopersicon) seedlings grew into established networks of rhizophagus irregularis and cucumber (cucumis sativus) in two experiments. one experiment studied seedling uptake of (32)p in the network in response to cutting ... | 2013 | 23738787 |
| transcriptional regulation of the v-atpase subunit c and v-ppase isoforms in cucumis sativus under heavy metal stress. | two electrogenic proton pumps, vacuolar h(+) transporting atpase (v-atpase, ec 3.6.3.14) and vacuolar h(+) transporting inorganic pyrophosphatase (v-ppase, ec 3.6.1.1), co-exist in the vacuolar membrane of plant cells. in this work, all csvha and csvhp genes encoding v-atpase and v-ppase, respectively, were identified in the cucumber genome. among them, three csvha-c genes for v-atpase subunit c and two csvhp1 genes for type i v-ppase were analyzed in detail. individual isogenes were differentia ... | 2014 | 23718549 |
| optimisation of mesh enclosures for nursery rearing of juvenile sea cucumbers. | mariculture of tropical sea cucumbers is promising, but the nursery rearing of juveniles is a bottleneck for farming and sea ranching. we conducted four medium-scale experiments lasting 3-6 weeks, using thousands of cultured juvenile sandfish holothuria scabra, to optimise nursery rearing in mesh enclosures in earthen seawater ponds and to test rearing in enclosures in the sea. in one experiment, survival in fine-mesh enclosures (1 m(3); 660-µm mesh) related nonlinearly to juvenile size, reveali ... | 2013 | 23717542 |
| fine mapping of the pleiotropic locus b for black spine and orange mature fruit color in cucumber identifies a 50 kb region containing a r2r3-myb transcription factor. | in cucumber, cucumis sativus l., the spine and skin colors are two important fruit quality traits for variety improvement. in this study, we investigated the inheritance of spine and mature fruit skin colors in f2 and f3 populations derived from a cross between two inbred lines wi7200 (black spine and orange fruit skin colors) and wi7201 (white spine and creamy fruit skin colors). we confirmed that a single, dominant gene, b, controlled both black spine color and orange mature fruit color. initi ... | 2013 | 23689749 |
| qtl mapping of powdery mildew resistance in wi 2757 cucumber (cucumis sativus l.). | powdery mildew (pm) is a very important disease of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.). resistant cultivars have been deployed in production for a long time, but the genetic mechanisms of pm resistance in cucumber are not well understood. a 3-year qtl mapping study of pm resistance was conducted with 132 f2:3 families derived from two cucumber inbred lines wi 2757 (resistant) and true lemon (susceptible). a genetic map covering 610.4 cm in seven linkage groups was developed with 240 ssr marker loci. m ... | 2013 | 23689747 |
| metabolism of lactic acid in fermented cucumbers by lactobacillus buchneri and related species, potential spoilage organisms in reduced salt fermentations. | recent evidence suggests that lactobacillus buchneri may play an important role in spoilage-associated secondary fermentation of cucumbers. lactic acid degradation during fermented cucumber spoilage is influenced by sodium chloride (nacl) concentration, ph, and presence of oxygen. objectives were to evaluate these factors on lactic acid utilization by l. buchneri, and to compare the biochemical changes to those which occur during fermented cucumber spoilage. effects of nacl (0, 2, 4, and 6% w/w) ... | 2013 | 23664264 |
| influence of planting patterns on fluoroquinolone residues in the soil of an intensive vegetable cultivation area in northern china. | recent studies have demonstrated the persistence of antibiotics in soil, especially in areas of vegetable cultivation. however, there are very few studies of the influence of planting regimes on the levels of antibiotic pollution. this work introduces geographical-detector models to investigate the relationship between planting patterns (vegetable planting model, manure type and quantity, planting age, greenhouse area, and topographic elevation) and residual fluoroquinolones (fqs) in soil in a p ... | 2013 | 23644280 |
| a single recessive gene controls fragrance in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.). | | 2013 | 23640420 |
| genome-wide analysis of the auxin response factor gene family in cucumber. | auxin response factors (arfs) participate in the transcriptional regulation of a series of biological processes related to growth and development. the arf genes comprise a large multigene family in plants. recently, a draft of the full cucumber (cucumis sativus) genome assembly has been released; however, none of the arf genes have been characterized. we made a comprehensive analysis of arf genes in this species. fifteen arf genes were identified and could be divided into three classes. intron p ... | 2013 | 23613275 |
| antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of two sea cucumbers, holothuria edulis lesson and stichopus horrens selenka. | sea cucumbers are marine invertebrates of the phylum of echinodermata that have been used in asian traditional medicine since ancient times. this study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of aqueous and organic extracts from two sea cucumber species, holothuria edulis lesson (holothuriidae) and stichopus horrens selenka (stichopodidae). antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by dpph· and β-carotene bleaching assays, while mtt and trypan blue exclu ... | 2013 | 23567827 |
| anticancer activity and mediation of apoptosis in human hl-60 leukaemia cells by edible sea cucumber (holothuria edulis) extract. | sea cucumbers have been a dietary delicacy and important ingredient in asian traditional medicinal over many centuries. in this study, edible sea cucumber holothuria edulis was evaluated for its in vitro anticancer potential. an aqueous fraction of the edible sea cucumber (esc-aq) has been shown to deliver a strong cytotoxic effect against the human hl-60 leukaemia cell line. an induction effect of apoptotic body formation in response to esc-aq treatment was confirmed in hl-60 cells stained with ... | 2013 | 23561113 |
| meristem temperature substantially deviates from air temperature even in moderate environments: is the magnitude of this deviation species-specific? | meristem temperature (tmeristem ) drives plant development but is hardly ever quantified. instead, air temperature (tair ) is usually used as its approximation. meristems are enclosed within apical buds. bud structure and function may differ across species. therefore, tmeristem may deviate from tair in a species-specific way. environmental variables (air temperature, vapour pressure deficit, radiation, and wind speed) were systematically varied to quantify the response of tmeristem . this respon ... | 2013 | 23509944 |
| analytical method for the determination of meptyldinocap as the 2,4-dinitro-octylphenol metabolite in cucumber and soil using lc-ms/ms and a study of the residues in a chinese cucumber field ecosystem. | meptyldinocap (2,4-dnopc) is a novel powdery mildew (erysiphe necator) fungicide which shows protectant and post-infective activities. however, there is no reliable validated lc-ms/ms method for measuring trace levels of meptyldinocap in cucumber. a method for the determination of 2,4-dnopc using lc-ms/ms in cucumber and soil was developed. additionally, the mode of degradation and the residue levels in cucumbers and soils were investigated. | 2014 | 23505246 |
| silicon alleviates iron deficiency in cucumber by promoting mobilization of iron in the root apoplast. | · root responses to lack of iron (fe) have mainly been studied in nutrient solution experiments devoid of silicon (si). here we investigated how si ameliorates fe deficiency in cucumber (cucumis sativus) with focus on the storage and utilization of fe in the root apoplast. · a combined approach was performed including analyses of apoplastic fe, reduction-based fe acquisition and fe-mobilizing compounds in roots along with the expression of related genes. · si-treated plants accumulated higher co ... | 2013 | 23496257 |
| impact of a snail pellet on the phytoavailability of different metals to cucumber plants (cucumis sativus l.). | fepo4 based molluscicides (snail pellets) also contain a chelating agent. the influence of the chelating agent, which is intrinsically present in the molluscicide, on the phytoavailability of other metals present in the growth medium was investigated in the present study. cucumber plants (cucumis sativus) were grown in a hydroponic nutrient solution and exposed for one week to different metals in combination with a chelating agent containing molluscicide. oven dried roots and shoots of plants we ... | 2013 | 25208711 |
| the in-vitro effects of sea cucumber (stichopus sp1) extract on human osteoblast cell line. | despite its claimed therapeutic effects, the action of sea cucumber (known as gamat in the malay language) on human osteoblast cells is still unknown. we performed in vitro studies utilising extract of stichopus sp1 (gamat) to elucidate its effects on cell viability and functional activity. we found an inverse relationship between gamat concentration and its effect on osteoblast cell viability (p<0.001). only gamat concentration at 1mg/ml significantly promoted cell viability at day 3 of incubat ... | 2013 | 25722806 |
| 24-epibrassinolide regulates photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activities and proline content of cucumis sativus under salt and/or copper stress. | brassinosteroids have been extensively used to overcome various abiotic stresses. but its role in combined stress of salt and excess copper remains unexplored. seeds of two cultivars (rocket and jumbo) of cucumis sativus were grown in sand amended with copper (100 mg kg(-1)), and developed seedlings were exposed to salt stress in the form of nacl (150 mm) at the 30-day stage of growth for 3 days. these seedlings were subsequently sprayed with 0 or 0.01 μm of 24-epibrassinolide (ebl) at the 35-da ... | 2013 | 23443638 |
| a rapid determination method for ethylenethiourea in potato and cucumber by modified quechers - high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. | a rapid and sensitive analytical method for the determination of ethylenethiourea (etu) in potatoes and cucumbers is developed. this method employs modified quechers followed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (hplc-ms/ms) analysis. etu was extracted by alkaline acetonitrile (containing 1%nh(3).h(2)0), separated on a zic-philic column, confirmed by multiple reaction monitoring (mrm) mode with electrospray ionisation source. this modified procedure showed satisfact ... | 2013 | 23411254 |
| graphene grafted silica-coated fe3o4 nanocomposite as absorbent for enrichment of carbamates from cucumbers and pears prior to hplc. | in this paper, a novel graphene (g) grafted silica-coated fe3o4 nanocomposite was fabricated by the chemical bonding of g onto the surface of silica-coated fe3 o4 nanoparticles. some carbamates (metolcarb, carbaryl, pirimicarb, and diethofencarb) in cucumber and pear samples were enriched by this nanocomposite prior to their determination by hplc with uv detection. experimental parameters that may affect the extraction efficiency were investigated. under the optimum conditions, a linear response ... | 2013 | 23404952 |
| [chemical constituents contained in fatty oil from seeds of cucumis sativus]. | to study the chemical constituents contained in the seeds of cucumis sativus. | 2012 | 23397724 |
| comparison of physicochemical characteristics and anticoagulant activities of polysaccharides from three sea cucumbers. | in order to search for sulfated polysaccharides in different invertebrate connective tissues and to examine their biological activities, we have isolated three types of polysaccharides from the body wall of the three sea cucumbers holothuria edulis, apostichopus japonicas and holothuria nobilis. the physicochemical properties and anticoagulant activities of these polysaccharides were examined and compared. the chemical composition analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) analysis indicate t ... | 2013 | 23385300 |
| the role of abscisic acid in regulating cucumber fruit development and ripening and its transcriptional regulation. | cucumber (cucumis sativus l.), a kind of fruit usually harvested at the immature green stage, belongs to non-climacteric fruit. to investigate the contribution of abscisic acid (aba) to cucumber fruit development and ripening, variation in aba level was investigated and a peak in aba level was found in pulp before fruit get fully ripe. to clarify this point further, exogenous aba was applied to cucumber fruits at two different development stages. results showed that aba application at the turnin ... | 2013 | 23376370 |
| diversity and function of aerobic culturable bacteria in the intestine of the sea cucumber holothuria leucospilota. | sea cucumbers play an important role in nutrient cycling of marine ecosystems by consuming sediments and moving sand, thus occupying a similar niche to earthworms in terrestrial ecosystems. however, our understanding of microbial diversity and functions associated with sea cucumbers is meager. here, we isolated 141 bacterial strains under aerobic conditions using various media from the intestine of holothuria leucospilota, a common sea cucumber in japanese warm waters. by partial 16s rrna gene s ... | 2012 | 23337580 |
| sulfation pattern of the fucose branch is important for the anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities of fucosylated chondroitin sulfates. | the aim is to compare the structures, anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities of two fucosylated chondroitin sulfates isolated from sea cucumbers isostichopus badionotus (fcs-ib) and pearsonothuria graeffei (fcs-pg), which were known to have different sulfation patterns on the fucose branches. | 2013 | 23313164 |
| effects of exogenous spermine on chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant system and ultrastructure of chloroplasts in cucumis sativus l. under salt stress. | the effects of exogenous spermine (spm) on plant growth, chlorophyll fluorescence, ultrastructure and anti-oxidative metabolism of chloroplasts were investigated in cucumis sativus l. under nacl stress. salt stress significantly reduced plant growth, chlorophylls content and f(v)/f(m). these changes could be alleviated by foliar spraying with spm. salt stress caused an increase in malondialdehyde (mda) content and superoxide anion [formula: see text] generation rate in chloroplasts. application ... | 2013 | 23291654 |
| [determination of meptyldinocap residues in vegetable and fruit by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. | a method was developed for the determination of the residues of meptyldinocap (2,4-dinitro-6-(1-methylheptyl) phenyl crotonate, 2,4-dnopc) as 2, 4-dinitrooctylphenol (2,4-dinitro-6-(1-methylheptyl) phenol, 2,4-dnop), which is a hydrolysate of 2,4-dnopc, in six vegetable and fruit by using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (lc-esi-ms/ms). the residues of 2,4-dnopc in vegetable and fruit samples were extracted by the mixture of acetone, methanol an ... | 2012 | 23285981 |
| chemical composition of the giant red sea cucumber, parastichopus californicus, commercially harvested in alaska. | giant red sea cucumbers, parastichopus californicus, are commercially harvested in the u.s. pacific northwest; however, the nutritional and chemical properties of its edible muscle bands and body wall have not been fully elucidated. in particular are the fatty acid profiles of p. californicus tissues, which have not been documented. sea cucumbers were delivered live and muscle bands and body wall freeze dried, vacuum packed, and stored at -30°c until analyzed. proximate composition of freeze-dri ... | 2013 | 24804015 |
| the caudinid sea cucumbers of new zealand (echinodermata: holothuroidea: molpadida: caudinidae). | five species of caudinidae occur in new zealandwaters. two new species are described: paracaudina alta sp. nov.; paracaudina reductia sp. nov. two species reported previously are discussed: paracaudina chilensis (müller) and paracaudina coriacea (hutton). a lectotype has been established for p. coriacea (hutton). hedingia albicans var. glabra (théel) is raised out of synonymy with hedingia albicans (théel), and the variety elevated to species status as hedingia glabra (théel). a key is provided ... | 2013 | 24698923 |
| pseudocnoside a, a new cytotoxic and antiproliferative triterpene glycoside from the sea cucumber pseudocnus dubiosus leoninus. | a new triterpene glycoside, pseudocnoside a (1), was isolated from the sea cucumber pseudocnus dubiosus leoninus. the structure of the new compound was established on the basis of extensive nmr spectroscopic analysis ((1)h and (13)c nmr, (1)h,(1)h-cosy, hmbc, hsqc, tocsy and noesy), hr-esi-ms data and chemical transformations. in addition, the cytotoxicity and antiproliferative activities of 1 and structurally related triterpene glycosides isolated from the sea cucumbers psolus patagonicus and h ... | 2014 | 23244698 |
| map-kinase activity in etiolated cucumis sativus cotyledons: the effect of red and far-red light irradiation. | phytochrome (phy) signalling in plants may be transduced through protein phosphorylation. mitogen-activated protein kinase (map-kinase, mapk) activity and the effect of r (red) and fr (far-red) light irradiation on mapk activity were studied in etiolated cucumis sativus l. cotyledons. by in vitro protein phosphorylation and in-gel assays with myelin basic protein (mbp), a protein band (between 48 and 45 kda) with mapk-like activity was detected. the addition to the phosphorylation buffer of spec ... | 2013 | 23228548 |
| deposit-feeding sea cucumbers enhance mineralization and nutrient cycling in organically-enriched coastal sediments. | bioturbators affect multiple biogeochemical interactions and have been suggested as suitable candidates to mitigate organic matter loading in marine sediments. however, predicting the effects of bioturbators at an ecosystem level can be difficult due to their complex positive and negative interactions with the microbial community. | 2012 | 23209636 |
| stichoposide c induces apoptosis through the generation of ceramide in leukemia and colorectal cancer cells and shows in vivo antitumor activity. | marine triterpene glycosides that are physiologically active natural compounds isolated from sea cucumbers (holothurians) and sponges have antifungal, cytotoxic, and antitumor activities, whose specific molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. in this study, we examined if and through which mechanisms stichoposide c (stc) from thelenota anax (family stichopodidae) induces apoptosis in leukemia and colorectal cancer cells. | 2012 | 23132899 |
| composting of waste paint sludge containing melamine resin and the compost's effect on vegetable growth and soil water quality. | melamine resin (mr) is introduced to the environment from many industrial effluents, including waste paint sludge (wps) from the automobile industry. melamine resin contains a high nitrogen (n) content and is a potential n source during composting. in this study, two carbon sources, waste paper (wp) and plant residue (pr), were used to study their effects on composting of wps. additional work tested the wps-composts effects on plant growth and soil water quality. after 84 days of composting, 85% ... | 2012 | 23127275 |
| genome-wide identification and characterization of r2r3myb family in cucumis sativus. | the r2r3myb proteins comprise one of the largest families of transcription factors in plants. although genome-wide analysis of this family has been carried out in some species, little is known about r2r3myb genes in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.). | 2012 | 23110079 |
| metal toxicity and biodiversity in serpentine soils: application of bioassay tests and microarthropod index. | eco-toxicological or bioassay tests have been intensively discussed as tools for the evaluation of soil quality. tests using soil organisms, including microarthropods and plants, allow direct estimates to be made of important soil characteristics and functions. in this study we compared the results obtained by two in vitro standard bioassays following iso or oecd guidelines: (i) the short term-chronic phytotoxicity germination and root elongation test using three different plant species cucumis ... | 2013 | 23107056 |
| phytochemical and therapeutic potential of cucumber. | cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) is a member of the cucurbitaceae family like melon, squash and pumpkins. it is a popular vegetable crop used in indian traditional medicine since ancient times. this vegetable is very high in water content and very low in calories. it has potential antidiabetic, lipid lowering and antioxidant activity. cucumber has a cleansing action within the body by removing accumulated pockets of old waste materials and chemical toxins. fresh fruit juice is used for nourishing t ... | 2013 | 23098877 |
| genetic diversity and population structure of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.). | knowing the extent and structure of genetic variation in germplasm collections is essential for the conservation and utilization of biodiversity in cultivated plants. cucumber is the fourth most important vegetable crop worldwide and is a model system for other cucurbitaceae, a family that also includes melon, watermelon, pumpkin and squash. previous isozyme studies revealed a low genetic diversity in cucumber, but detailed insights into the crop's genetic structure and diversity are largely mis ... | 2012 | 23071663 |
| iron deficiency affects nitrogen metabolism in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) plants. | nitrogen is a principal limiting nutrient in plant growth and development. among factors that may limit no3- assimilation, fe potentially plays a crucial role being a metal cofactor of enzymes of the reductive assimilatory pathway. very few information is available about the changes of nitrogen metabolism occurring under fe deficiency in strategy i plants. the aim of this work was to study how cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) plants modify their nitrogen metabolism when grown under iron deficiency. | 2012 | 23057967 |
| effects of 24-epibrassinolide on nitrogen metabolism in cucumber seedlings under ca(no(3))(2) stress. | ca(no(3))(2) accumulation is a major factor that limits greenhouse production in china. the present investigation was carried out to study the effect of 24-epibrassinolide (ebl) on nitrogen metabolism (including contents of no(3)(-), nh(4)(+) and amino acids and related enzymes activities) in cucumber seedlings (cucumis sativus l. cv. jinyou no. 4) under 80 mm ca(no(3))(2) stress. this study found that exogenous ebl significantly reduced the accumulation of no(3)(-) and nh(4)(+) by ca(no(3))(2), ... | 2012 | 23031845 |
| hydrogen peroxide functions as a secondary messenger for brassinosteroids-induced co2 assimilation and carbohydrate metabolism in cucumis sativus. | brassinosteroids (brs) are potent regulators of photosynthesis and crop yield in agricultural crops; however, the mechanism by which brs increase photosynthesis is not fully understood. here, we show that foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide (ebr) resulted in increases in co(2) assimilation, hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) accumulation, and leaf area in cucumber. h(2)o(2) treatment induced increases in co(2) assimilation whilst inhibition of the h(2)o(2) accumulation by its generation inhibitor ... | 2012 | 23024048 |
| [simultaneous determination of flonicamid and its metabolites in cucumbers and apples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. | a method was developed for the simultaneous determination of flonicamid and its metabolite [n-(4-trifluoromethylnicotinoyl) glycine (tfng), 4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid (tfna) and 4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide (tfna-am)] in cucumbers and apples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) with liquid-liquid extraction. the sample was extracted twice with phosphate buffer solution (ph 7.0), and the extract was adjusted to ph 1.5 - 2.0, then an aliquot of the extract (3 ml) was ... | 2012 | 23016287 |
| brassinosteroids accelerate recovery of photosynthetic apparatus from cold stress by balancing the electron partitioning, carboxylation and redox homeostasis in cucumber. | the aim of this study was to examine the role of brassinosteroids (brs) in protecting the photosynthetic apparatus from cold-induced damage in cucumber (cucumis sativus) plants. recovery at both high light (hl) and low light (ll) after a cooling at 10/7°c induced irreversible inhibition of co2 assimilation, photoinhibition at photosystem i (psi) and inhibition of enzyme activities of calvin cycle and ascorbate (asa)-reduced glutathione (gsh) cycle, followed by accumulation of h2 o2 and malondial ... | 2013 | 22998725 |
| molecular cloning, characteristics and low temperature response of raffinose synthase gene in cucumis sativus l. | raffinose synthase (rs, ec2.4.1.82) is one of the key enzymes that channels sucrose into the raffinose family oligosaccharides (rfos) biosynthetic pathway. however, the gene encoding rs is poorly characterized in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.), which is a typical rfos-translocating plant species. here we isolated the gene encoding rs (csrs) from the leaves of cucumber plants. the complete cdna of csrs consisted of 2552 nucleotides with an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 784 amino aci ... | 2012 | 22985990 |
| novel insights into the echinoderm nervous system from histaminergic and fmrfaminergic-like cells in the sea cucumber leptosynapta clarki. | understanding of the echinoderm nervous system is limited due to its distinct organization in comparison to other animal phyla and by the difficulty in accessing it. the transparent and accessible, apodid sea cucumber leptosynapta clarki provides novel opportunities for detailed characterization of echinoderm neural systems. the present study used immunohistochemistry against fmrfamide and histamine to describe the neural organization in juvenile and adult sea cucumbers. histaminergic- and fmrfa ... | 2012 | 22970182 |
| the expression profiling of the cspyl, cspp2c and cssnrk2 gene families during fruit development and drought stress in cucumber. | the abscisic acid (aba) signal transduction core components in plants include the aba receptors (pyr/pyl/rcars), the group a type 2c protein phosphatases (pp2cs) and the subclass iii snf1-related protein kinases 2 (snrk2s). in this study, via homology cloning, three cspyls, four cspp2cs and two cssnrk2s partial cdnas were obtained in cucumber (cucumis sativus). in silico analysis results indicated that all cspyl, cspp2c, and cssnrk2 genes obtained are homologous to arabidopsis atpyl, atpp2c, and ... | 2012 | 22959675 |
| maturity-dependent chilling tolerance regulated by the antioxidative capacity in postharvest cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) fruits. | the aim of the present study was to reveal the effect of fruit maturity on the chilling tolerance of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) fruit and the oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms involved. chinese mini-cucumber (cv. hangcui-1) fruits were harvested at four developmental stages: immature (3-8 days after anthesis (daa)), mature (9-16 daa), breaker (17-22 daa) and yellow (35-40 daa). all fruits were stored at 2 °c for 9 days and rewarmed at 20 °c for 2 days. | 2013 | 22936358 |
| herbivory reduces plant interactions with above- and belowground antagonists and mutualists. | herbivores affect plants through direct effects, such as tissue damage, and through indirect effects that alter species interactions. interactions may be positive or negative, so indirect effects have the potential to enhance or lessen the net impacts of herbivores. despite the ubiquity of these interactions, the indirect pathways are considerably less understood than the direct effects of herbivores, and multiple indirect pathways are rarely studied simultaneously. we placed herbivore effects i ... | 2012 | 22919903 |
| [salt stress tolerance of cucumber-grafted rootstocks]. | taking 4 different cucurbita maxima x c. moschata rootstocks for cucumber (cucumis sativus) as test materials, a solution culture experiment was conducted to study their growth and antioxidative enzyme activities under the stresses of ca(no3)2 and nacl, with the salt stress tolerance of the rootstocks evaluated by subordinate function. at 30 mmol x l(-1) of ca (no3)2 or 45 mmol x l(-1) of nacl, the growth of the rootstock seedlings was improved; but at 60 and 120 mmol x l(-1) of ca(no3)2 or 90 a ... | 2012 | 22919842 |
| triterpene glycosides from the sea cucumber eupentacta fraudatrix. structure and cytotoxic action of cucumariosides a2, a7, a9, a10, an, a13 and a14, seven new minor non-sulfated tetraosides and an aglycone with an uncommon 18-hydroxy group. | seven new minor triterpene glycosides, cucumariosides a2 (1), a7 (2), a9 (3), a10 (4), a11 (5), a13 (6) and a14 (7) have been isolated from the far eastern sea cucumber eupentacta fraudatrix. structures of the glycosides were elucidated by 2d nmr spectroscopy and ms. glycosides 1-7 belong to the group of cucumariosides a, having linear tetrasaccharide carbohydrate moieties without any sulfate group and possessing 3-o-methyl-d-xylose as a terminal monosaccharide unit. glycosides 1, 2, 5-7 differ ... | 2012 | 22908562 |
| development of an embryonic skeletogenic mesenchyme lineage in a sea cucumber reveals the trajectory of change for the evolution of novel structures in echinoderms. | the mechanisms by which the conserved genetic "toolkit" for development generates phenotypic disparity across metazoans is poorly understood. echinoderm larvae provide a great resource for understanding how developmental novelty arises. the sea urchin pluteus larva is dramatically different from basal echinoderm larval types, which include the auricularia-type larva of its sister taxon, the sea cucumbers, and the sea star bipinnaria larva. in particular, the pluteus has a mesodermally-derived la ... | 2012 | 22877149 |
| effects of 24-epibrassinolide on the photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant system, and chloroplast ultrastructure in cucumis sativus l. under ca(no(3))(2) stress. | the effects of 0.1 μm 24-epibrassinolide (ebl) on plant growth (plant height, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight), chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant enzymes, and chloroplast ultrastructure were investigated using cucumber seedlings (cucumis sativus l. cv. jinyou no. 4) with 80 mm ca(no(3))(2) to induce stress. the presence of ca(no(3))(2) caused significant reductions in net photosynthetic rate (p(n)), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular co(2) concentrati ... | 2012 | 22864978 |
| possible health impacts of naturally occurring uptake of aristolochic acids by maize and cucumber roots: links to the etiology of endemic (balkan) nephropathy. | aristolochic acids (aas) are nephrotoxic and carcinogenic derivatives found in several aristolochia species. to date, the toxicity of aas has been inferred only from the effects observed in patients suffering from a kidney disease called "aristolochic acid nephropathy" (aan, formerly known as "chinese herbs nephropathy"). more recently, the chronic poisoning with aristolochia seeds has been considered to be the main cause of balkan endemic nephropathy, another form of chronic renal failure resem ... | 2013 | 22851152 |
| dietary flavonoid fisetin: a novel dual inhibitor of pi3k/akt and mtor for prostate cancer management. | epidemiologic and case control population based studies over the past few decades have identified diet as an important determinant of cancer risk. this evidence has kindled interest into research on bioactive food components and has till date resulted in the identification of many compounds with cancer preventive and therapeutic potential. among such compounds has been fisetin (3,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone), a flavonol and a member of the flavonoid polyphenols that also include quercetin, myric ... | 2012 | 22842629 |
| [effects of cucumber leaf's ps ii activity and electron transfer on its ps i activity in recovery process after chilling-induced photoinhibition]. | taking cucumis sativus l. (jinchun no. 4) as test material, through the determination of chlorophyll-a fluorescence transient and light absorbance at 820 nm, and in combining with chlorophyll quenching, this paper studied the recovery of cucumber leaf' s ps i and ps i activities and the interactions between ps i and ps ii in the recovery process at room temperature (25 degrees c) and under different light intensities (0, 15, and 200 micromol x m(-2) x s(-1)) after six hours of low temperature (4 ... | 2012 | 22803473 |
| dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography for the determination of some neonicotinoid insecticides in cucumber samples. | a rapid, simple and sensitive method has been developed for the analysis of some neonicotinoid insecticides in cucumber samples by using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (dllme) coupled with sweeping in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (mekc). under optimised conditions, the enrichment factors were achieved in the range from 4000 to 10,000. the linearity of the method was in the range from 2.7 to 200 ng g(-1) for thiacloprid, acetamiprid and imidacloprid, and in the range from 4.0 ... | 2012 | 25683431 |
| proteomic analysis of the effects of exogenous calcium on hypoxic-responsive proteins in cucumber roots. | | 2012 | 22788869 |
| influence of sodium chloride, ph, and lactic acid bacteria on anaerobic lactic acid utilization during fermented cucumber spoilage. | cucumbers are preserved commercially by natural fermentations in 5% to 8% sodium chloride (nacl) brines. occasionally, fermented cucumbers spoil after the primary fermentation is complete. this spoilage has been characterized by decreases in lactic acid and a rise in brine ph caused by microbial instability. objectives of this study were to determine the combined effects of nacl and ph on fermented cucumber spoilage and to determine the ability of lactic acid bacteria (lab) spoilage isolates to ... | 2012 | 22757713 |
| protective and curative effects of foliar-spray fenton solutions against cucumber (cucumis sativus, l.) powdery mildew. | various fenton solutions have been developed for advanced oxidation processes in wastewater treatment. in this study, conventional fenton solutions such as hydrogen peroxide (hooh) + fe(2+) (mix 1) or hooh + fe(3+) (mix 2), and a new type of solution, hooh + fe(3+) + oxalic acid (mix 3), were used as foliar sprays against powdery mildew on cucumber caused by sphaerotheca fuliginea. three fenton solutions, plus a fungicide, fenarimol, were used to cure and/or protect the plant from powdery mildew ... | 2012 | 22755538 |
| responses of soil microbial communities in the rhizosphere of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) to exogenously applied p-hydroxybenzoic acid. | changes in soil biological properties have been implicated as one of the causes of soil sickness, a phenomenon that occurs in continuous monocropping systems. however, the causes for these changes are not yet clear. the aim of this work was to elucidate the role of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (phba), an autotoxin of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.), in changing soil microbial communities. p-hydroxybenzoic acid was applied to soil every other day for 10 days in cucumber pot assays. then, the structures an ... | 2012 | 22752368 |
| abscisic acid and hydrogen peroxide induce modification of plasma membrane h(+)-atpase from cucumis sativus l. roots under heat shock. | we examined the effect of heat shock (hs), for 2 h at 48°c, on plasma membrane h(+)-atpase (pm-h(+)-atpase) measured as the hydrolytic and h(+)-pumping activity. some of the plants were transferred after 2 h hs to control temperature for another 24 h, as post-stressed (ps) plants. a significant increase of pm-h(+)-atpase in plants subjected to hs was observed. the stimulation of pm-h(+)-atpase was higher in ps plants. estimation of transcript levels of cucumber pm-h(+)-atpase in roots indicated ... | 2012 | 22749287 |
| melatonin promotes water-stress tolerance, lateral root formation, and seed germination in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.). | a comprehensive investigation was carried out to determine the changes that occurred in water-stressed cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) in response to melatonin treatment. we examined the potential roles of melatonin during seed germination and root generation and measured its effect on reactive oxygen species (ros) levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, and photosynthesis. melatonin alleviated polyethylene glycol induced inhibition of seed germination, with 100 μm melatonin-treated seeds showing t ... | 2013 | 22747917 |
| [effects of exogenous salicylic acid on membrane lipid peroxidation and photosynthetic characteristics of cucumis sativus seedlings under drought stress]. | to approach the related mechanisms of exogenous salicylic acid (sa) in improving plant drought-resistance, this paper studied the effects of applying exogenous sa to the rhizosphere on the plant growth, membrane lipid peroxidation, proline accumulation, water use efficiency, net photosynthetic rate (pn), and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of cucumber (cucumis sativus) seedlings under drought stresses (60% and 50% of saturated water capacity). applying sa relieved the inhibitory effects of d ... | 2012 | 22720616 |
| synchrotron micro-xrf and micro-xanes confirmation of the uptake and translocation of tio₂ nanoparticles in cucumber (cucumis sativus) plants. | advances in nanotechnology have raised concerns about possible effects of engineered nanomaterials (enms) in the environment, especially in terrestrial plants. in this research, the impacts of tio(2) nanoparticles (nps) were evaluated in hydroponically grown cucumber (cucumis sativus) plants. seven day old seedlings were treated with tio(2) nps at concentrations varying from 0 to 4000 mg l(-1). at harvest, the size of roots and shoots were measured. in addition, micro x- ray fluorescence (micro- ... | 2012 | 22715806 |
| application of the split root technique to study iron uptake in cucumber plants. | the regulation exerted by the fe status in the plant on fe deficiency responses was investigated in cucumis sativus l. roots at both biochemical and molecular levels. besides the two activities strictly correlated with fe deficiency response, those of the fe(iii)-chelate reductase and the high affinity fe transporter, we considered also h(+)-atpase (ec 3.6.3.6) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (ec 4.1.1.31), that have been shown to be involved in this response. both enzymatic activities and g ... | 2012 | 22705592 |
| brassinosteroids are involved in response of cucumber (cucumis sativus) to iron deficiency. | brassinosteroids (br) are a class of plant polyhydroxysteroids with diverse functions in plant growth and development. however, there is little information on the role of brs played in the response to nutrient deficiency. | 2012 | 22684685 |
| detection of seven pesticides in cucumbers using hollow fibre-based liquid-phase microextraction and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. | a liquid-phase microextraction (lpme) methodology based on the use of porous polyvinylidene fluoride (pvdf) hollow fibres was developed for extracting seven pesticides from cucumbers. the seven pesticides include propoxur, carbofuran, atrazine, cyanatryn, metolachlor, prometryn and tebuconazole. the pvdf hollow fibre provides higher extraction efficiency due to its higher porosity and better solvent compatibility. a new desorption methodology was developed since some pesticides were absorbed by ... | 2012 | 22682952 |
| photosynthetic quantum yield dynamics: from photosystems to leaves. | the mechanisms underlying the wavelength dependence of the quantum yield for co(2) fixation (α) and its acclimation to the growth-light spectrum are quantitatively addressed, combining in vivo physiological and in vitro molecular methods. cucumber (cucumis sativus) was grown under an artificial sunlight spectrum, shade light spectrum, and blue light, and the quantum yield for photosystem i (psi) and photosystem ii (psii) electron transport and α were simultaneously measured in vivo at 20 differe ... | 2012 | 22623496 |
| a putative positive feedback regulation mechanism in csacs2 expression suggests a modified model for sex determination in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.). | it is well established that the plant hormone ethylene plays a key role in cucumber sex determination. since the unisexual control gene m was cloned and shown to encode an ethylene synthase, instead of an ethylene receptor, the 'one-hormone hypothesis', which was used to explain the cucumber sex phenotype, has been challenged. here, the physiological function of csacs2 (the gene encoded by the m locus) was studied using the transgenic tobacco system. the results indicated that overexpression of ... | 2012 | 22577183 |
| multiple tandem duplication of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes in cucumis sativus l. | phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) is the first entry enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway, and therefore plays a key role in both plant development and stress defense. in many plants, pal is encoded by a multi-gene family, and each member is differentially regulated in response to environmental stimuli. in the present study, we report that pal in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) is encoded for by a family of seven genes (designated as cspal1-7). all seven cspals are arranged in tandem in two dupli ... | 2012 | 22572777 |