| nuclear magnetic resonance: a tool for imaging belowground damage caused by heterodera schachtii and rhizoctonia solani on sugar beet. | belowground symptoms of sugar beet caused by the beet cyst nematode (bcn) heterodera schachtii include the development of compensatory secondary roots and beet deformity, which, thus far, could only be assessed by destructively removing the entire root systems from the soil. similarly, the symptoms of rhizoctonia crown and root rot (rcrr) caused by infections of the soil-borne basidiomycete rhizoctonia solani require the same invasive approach for identification. here nuclear magnetic resonance ... | 2012 | 21948851 |
| assessment of parasitic activity of fusarium strains obtained from a heterodera schachtii-suppressive soil. | this study assessed the potential impact of various fusarium strains on the population development of sugarbeet cyst nematodes. fungi were isolated from cysts or eggs of heterodera schachtii schmidt that were obtained from a field suppressive to that nematode. twenty-six strains of fusarium spp. were subjected to a phylogenic analysis of their rrna-its nucleotide sequences. seven genetically distinct fusarium strains were evaluated for their ability to influence population development of h. scha ... | 2008 | 19259511 |
| challenges to grow oilseed rape brassica napus in sugar beet rotations. | the study was carried out in 1989-1991 and repeated in 2003-2006 to compare life cycle and dynamics of heterodera schachtii schm. on sugar beet, oilseed rape, fodder radish and to work out recommendations on how to decrease the risk of yield reduction while it grows in sugar-beet rotations. research was carried out in plot experiment in natural conditions. nematode community on rape, fodder radish and sugar beet was analyzed. data of nematode community showed that composition of nematode species ... | 2009 | 20222620 |
| study of some physiological changes in sugar beet cv. 7233 in the presence of sugar beet cyst nematode, heterodera schachtii and an antagonistic sterile fungus stfch1-1 in the rhizosphere condition. | in this study, several physiological parameters of inoculated sugar beet plants, with the beet cyst nematode, heterodera schachtii, were evaluated in the presence of an antagonistic sterile fungus stfch1-1 in the rhizosphere condition. the sugar beet plant used in this bioassay was a multigerm cultivar, 7233, which is sensitive to the beet cyst nematode and has been adapted to cultivate in temperate and cool regions of the sugar beet production areas of iran. in this regard a potent bioassay was ... | 2007 | 19090242 |
| molecular mapping in oil radish (raphanus sativus l.) and qtl analysis of resistance against beet cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii). | the beet cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii schmidt) can be controlled biologically in highly infected soils of sugar beet rotations using resistant varieties of oil radish (raphanus sativus l. ssp. oleiferus dc.) as a green crop. resistant plants stimulate infective juveniles to invade roots, but prevent them after their penetration to complete the life cycle. the resistance trait has been transferred successfully to susceptible rapeseed by the addition of a complete radish chromosome. the aim ... | 2009 | 19050847 |
| effective and specific in planta rnai in cyst nematodes: expression interference of four parasitism genes reduces parasitic success. | cyst nematodes are highly evolved sedentary plant endoparasites that use parasitism proteins injected through the stylet into host tissues to successfully parasitize plants. these secretory proteins likely are essential for parasitism as they are involved in a variety of parasitic events leading to the establishment of specialized feeding cells required by the nematode to obtain nourishment. with the advent of rna interference (rnai) technology and the demonstration of host-induced gene silencin ... | 2009 | 19015219 |
| arabidopsis small rnas and their targets during cyst nematode parasitism. | plant-parasitic cyst nematodes induce the formation of specialized feeding cells in infected roots, which involves plant developmental processes that have been shown to be influenced by micrornas (mirnas) and other small rnas. this observation provided the foundation to investigate the potential involvement of small rnas in plant-cyst nematode interactions. first, we examined the susceptibilities of arabidopsis dicer-like (dcl) and rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdr) mutants to the sugar beet cys ... | 2008 | 18986258 |
| assessment of host-induced selection on three geographic isolates of heterodera schachtii using rapd and aflp markers. | abstract the hypothesis that host plants exert selection pressure on heterodera schachtii populations was tested. host selection of genotypes from three genetically distinct isolates of h. schachtii was assessed using cabbage, sugar beet, oilseed radish (raphanus sativus), and white mustard (sinapis alba). the plants represent a range of susceptibility to h. schachtii and included r. sativus and s. alba, because cultivars of those species have been used as trap crops for h. schachtii in europe. ... | 1999 | 18944806 |
| biological suppression and natural population decline of heterodera schachtii in a california field. | abstract soil suppressiveness to heterodera schachtii was demonstrated in a field at the research station of the university of california, riverside. in two field trials planted to swiss chard (beta vulgaris), introduced h. schachtii multiplied 2.7 and 1.7 times more in preplant metam sodium-fumigated plots than in nontreated plots in 1994 and 1995, respectively. in greenhouse experiments, preplant treatments with metam sodium, methyl bromide, methyl iodide, formaldehyde, and aerated steam reduc ... | 1999 | 18944757 |
| transfer of biological soil suppressiveness against heterodera schachtii. | abstract heterodera schachtii-suppressive soil at a rate of either 1 or 10% (dry wt/wt) transferred suppressiveness against the beet cyst nematode to fumigated field plots when mixed into the upper 10-cm soil layer. soil suppressiveness was established after 1 month of moist fallow and 77 days of swiss chard cropping in the 10% transfer treatment and after 230 days in the 1% transfer treatment. the number of infective second-stage juveniles (j2) of h. schachtii, monitored initially at 150 degree ... | 2000 | 18944591 |
| effect of water, soil temperatures, and exposure times on the survival of the sugar beet cyst nematode, heterodera schachtii. | abstract the effect of different combinations of temperatures and exposure times on the mortality of heterodera schachtii eggs was assessed in two different experiments under laboratory conditions. in the first experiment, cysts in water were exposed to 25, 35, 37.5, 40, 42.5, 45, 47.5, 50, or 52.5 degrees c for a maximum period of 2 h. in the second experiment, cysts in naturally infested soil were exposed to 25, 32.5, 35, 37.5, 40, 42.5, or 45 degrees c for a minimum period of 2 h to a maximum ... | 2005 | 18943034 |
| study of sugar beet cyst nematode life cycle using plant tissue culture method. | after optimization of sterilizing of cyst and larva second stage of heterodera schachtii, possibility of using nematode on seedlings of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) in in vitro conditions were studied using sterilized larvae of beet cyst nematode. for this purpose, non sterile cysts were extracted from infected soil and hatched into zinc chloride solution with concentration of 0.5 g l(-1). then, for preparation of sterile second stage larvae, several sterilizing treatments were used. mean compa ... | 2007 | 19090198 |
| suppression of heterodera schachtii populations by dactylella oviparasitica in four soils. | the effects of dactylella oviparasitica strain 50 applications on sugarbeet cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii) population densities and plant weights were assessed in four agricultural soils. the fungus was added to methyl iodide-fumigated and nonfumigated portions of each soil. the soils were seeded with swiss chard. four weeks later, soils were infested with h. schachtii second-stage juveniles (j2). approximately 1,487 degree-days after infestation, h. schachtii cyst, egg and j2 numbers and ... | 2006 | 19259539 |
| use of high resolution digital thermography to detect heterodera schachtii infestation in sugar beets. | thermography is a non-destructive method used to monitor pest and disease infestations, as it is related to changes in plant water status. surface temperature differences of the crop canopy may be an indicator of nematode infestation as the parasitation of the root system reduces evaporation of leaves. to test the potential of high resolution digital thermography to detect heterodera schachtii infestation, experiments using increasing nematode densities and different sugar beet varieties were co ... | 2004 | 15759435 |
| reproduction of heterodera schachtii schmidt on resistant mustard, radish, and sugar beet cultivars. | the reproduction of a wyoming population of heterodera schachtii was determined for resistant trap crop radish (raphanus sativus) and mustard (sinapis alba) cultivars, and resistant and susceptible sugar beet (beta vulgaris) cultivars in a greenhouse (21 degrees c/16 degrees c) and a growth chamber study (25 degrees c). oil radish cultivars also were field tested in 2000 and 2001. in the greenhouse study, reproduction was suppressed similarly by the resistant sugar beet cultivar nematop and all ... | 2004 | 19262796 |
| cloning and functional analyses of a gene from sugar beet up-regulated upon cyst nematode infection. | the cdna-aflp technique was used to isolate sugar beet genes up-regulated upon infection with the beet cyst nematode heterodera schachtii. hairy root cultures were obtained from resistant plants carrying a beta procumbens translocation as well as from a non-resistant control. mrna was isolated from hairy root clones and sugar beet plants infected or not with the beet cyst nematode and 8000 transcript-derived fragments (tdfs) were analysed. one tdf was found to be differentially expressed in both ... | 2004 | 15159641 |
| the promoter of the nematode resistance gene hs1pro-1 activates a nematode-responsive and feeding site-specific gene expression in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) and arabidopsis thaliana. | the hs1pro-1 gene confers resistance to the beet cyst nematode heterodera schachtii in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) on the basis of a gene-for-gene relationship. rna-gel blot analysis revealed that the transcript of hs1pro-1 was present in uninfected roots of resistant beet at low levels but increased by about fourfold one day after nematode infection. treatments of plants with external stimuli including salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, gibberellic acid and abscisic acid as well as wounding or sa ... | 2003 | 12956533 |
| host suitability of rapeseed for heterodera schachtii. | because rapeseed, especially canola, has the potential to be grown in rotation with sugarbeet in the north-central region of the united states, this study was initiated to assess its susceptibility to infection by heterodera schachtii and to develop a screening method for brassica germplasm. existing methodology was adapted for growing brassica juncea, b. napus, b. rapa, brassica hybrids, and sugarbeet, beta vulgaris, in h. schachtii-infested soil to count the females that developed on the roots ... | 2003 | 19265972 |
| painting of parental chromatin in beta hybrids by multi-colour fluorescent in situ hybridization. | sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) is a relatively young crop and has a narrow gene pool. in order to introduce genetic variability into the crop, interspecific hybrids, selected from crosses with wild beets of the sections corollinae and procumbentes, have been generated. the introgressed b. procumbens chromatin carries resistance genes to beet cyst nematode heterodera schachtii schm. these lines are important for breeding of nematode-resistant sugar beet, while corollinae species are potential dono ... | 2002 | 12099348 |
| susceptibility to the sugar beet cyst nematode is modulated by ethylene signal transduction in arabidopsis thaliana. | previously, we identified arabidopsis thaliana mutant rhd1-4 as hypersusceptible to the sugar beet cyst nematode heterodera schachtii. we assessed rhd1-4 as well as two other rhd1 alleles and found that each exhibited, in addition to h. schachtii hypersusceptibility, decreased root length, increased root hair length and density, and deformation of the root epidermal cells compared with wild-type a. thaliana ecotype columbia (col-0). treatment of rhd1-4 and col-0 with the ethylene inhibitors 2-am ... | 2001 | 11605960 |
| a screen for arabidopsis thaliana mutants with altered susceptibility to heterodera schachtii. | genetic approaches are a powerful means to elucidate plant-pathogen interactions. an in vitro screening protocol was developed to identify arabidopsis thaliana mutants with altered susceptibility to heterodera schachtii, the sugar beet cyst nematode. in an initial screen of approximately 5,200 ethyl methanesulfonate-generated mutant plants, two stable mutations were identified. both mutant lines were backcrossed and were found to harbor single recessive mutant alleles. mutant line 2-4-6 shows an ... | 2000 | 19270962 |
| changes in mrna abundance within heterodera schachtii-infected roots of arabidopsis thaliana. | gene expression changes in plant roots infected by plant-parasitic cyst nematodes are involved in the formation of nematode feeding sites. we analyzed mrna abundance changes within roots of arabidopsis thaliana during the early compatible interaction with heterodera schachtii, the sugarbeet cyst nematode. approximately 1,600 root sections, each containing a single parasitic nematode and its feeding site, and 1,600 adjacent, nematode-free root sections were excised from aseptic a. thaliana cultur ... | 2000 | 10707356 |
| positional cloning of a gene for nematode resistance in sugar beet. | the hs1(pro-1) locus confers resistance to the beet cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii schmidt), a major pest in the cultivation of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). the hs1(pro-1) gene was cloned with the use of genome-specific satellite markers and chromosomal break-point analysis. expression of the corresponding complementary dna in a susceptible sugar beet conferred resistance to infection with the beet cyst nematode. the native hs1(pro-1) gene, expressed in roots, encodes a 282-amino acid pro ... | 1997 | 9012350 |
| sequential decision rules for managing nematodes with crop rotations. | a dynamic model of nematode populations under a crop rotation that includes both host and nonhost crops is developed and used to conceptualize the problem of economic control. the steady state of the dynamic system is used to devise an approximately optimal decision policy, which is then applied to cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii) control in a rotation of sugarbeet with nonhost crops. long-run economic returns from this approximately optimal decision rule are compared with results from solut ... | 1996 | 19277164 |
| characterization of nematode resistance genes in the section procumbentes genus beta: response to two populations of heterodera schachtii. | three species of the section procumbentes genus beta, nine monosomic additions, and five translocation lines were tested for resistance to two heterodera schachtii populations. nematode population 129-v (129-virulent) was selected for virulence to resistance gene(s) transferred from chromosome 1 of beta procumbens to the diploid resistant sugar beet kws-nr1. this population is considered to be a pathotype. the unselected sib population 129-av (129-avirulent) was reared continuously on fodder rap ... | 1996 | 24162407 |
| genetic localization of four genes for nematode (heterodera schachtii schm.) resistance in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). | sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) is highly susceptible to the beet cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii schm.). three resistance genes originating from the wild beets b. procumbens (hs1 (pro-1)) and b. webbiana (hs1 (web-1), hs2 (web-7)) have been transferred to sugar beet via species hybridization. we describe the genetic localization of the nematode resistance genes in four different sugar beet lines using segregating f2 populations and rflp markers from our current sugar beet linkage map. the map ... | 1996 | 24166626 |
| physical mapping and cloning of a translocation in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l) carrying a gene for nematode (heterodera schachtii) resistance from b. procumbens. | two diploid (2n=18) sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) lines which carry monogenic traits for nematode (heterodera schachtii schm.) resistance located on translocations from the wild beet species beta procumbens were investigated. short interspersed repetitive dna elements exclusively hybridizing with wild beet dna were found to be dispersed around the translocations. the banding pattern as revealed by genomic southern hybridization was highly conserved among translocation lines of different origins ... | 1995 | 24173930 |
| construction of a yac library from a beta vulgaris fragment addition and isolation of a major satellite dna cluster linked to the beet cyst nematode resistance locus hs1 (pat-1.). | a yac library was constructed from the beta vulgaris fragment addition an5-203b. this monosomic fragment addition harbors an approximate 12-mbp fragment of b.patellaris chromosome 1 accomodating the hs1 (pat-1) conferring resistance to the beet cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii). the yac library consists of 20,000 yac clones having an average size of 140 kb. screening with organelle-specific probes showed that 12% of the clones contain chloroplast dna while only 0.2% of the clones hybridizes w ... | 1994 | 24177891 |
| penetration, development, and reproduction of heterodera schachtii on fagopyrum esculentum, phacelia tanacetifolia, raphanus sativus, sinapis alba, and brassica oleracea. | the penetration, development, and reproduction of a california population of the sugarbeet cyst nematode, heterodera schachtii, was observed on cultivars of cabbage (brassica oleracea), phacelia (phacelia tanacetifolia), buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum), oilseed radish (raphanus sativus), and white mustard (sinapis alba). with the exception of the nonhost, phacelia, all were readily penetrated by second-stage juveniles of h. schachtii. after 38 days at 25 c, no cysts were observed on phacelia cv ... | 1993 | 19279828 |
| parasitism of heterodera schachtii and meloidogyne javanica by hirsutella rhossiliensis in microplots over two growing seasons. | numbers of cyst and root-knot nematodes and percentage parasitism by the nematophagous fungus hirsutella rhossiliensis were quantified in microplots over 2 years. the microplots contained either sugarbeets in loam infested with heterodera schachtii or tomatoes in sand infested with meloidogyne javanica. the fungus was added to half of the microplots for each crop. although h. rhossiliensis established in both microplot soils, the percentage of nematodes parasitized did not increase with nematode ... | 1993 | 19279790 |
| dna markers closely linked to nematode resistance genes in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) mapped using chromosome additions and translocations originating from wild beets of the procumbentes section. | genes conferring resistance to the beet cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii schm.) have been transferred to sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) from three wild species of the procumbentes section using monosomic addition and translocation lines, because no meiotic recombination occurs between chromosomes of cultured and wild species. in the course of a project to isolate the nematode resistance genes by strategies of reverse genetics, probes were cloned from dna of a fragmented b. procumbens chromosom ... | 1992 | 1557034 |
| analysis of dna from a beta procumbens chromosome fragment in sugar beet carrying a gene for nematode resistance. | we have begun to apply techniques for the preparation and anaylsis of large dna segments from sugar beet (beta vulgaris) addition lines carrying a mitotically stable chromosome fragment from b. procumbens that confers monogenic resistance to the nematode heterodera schachtii, with a view towards isolating the resistance gene. dna probes specific for this chromosome fragment were selected, and various methods for cloning genome-specific fragments, including probes from megabase dna separated in p ... | 1990 | 24226582 |
| suppression of cyst nematode by natural infestation of a nematophagous fungus. | penetration of cabbage roots by heterodera schachtii was suppressed 50-77% in loamy sand naturally infested with the nematophagous fungus hirsutella rhossiliensis. when heterodera schachtii was incubated in the suppressive soil without plants for 2 days, 40-63% of the juveniles had hirsutella rhossiliensis spores adhering to their cuticles. of those with spores, 82-92% were infected. infected nematodes were killed and filled with hyphae within 2-3 days. addition of kcl to soil did not increase i ... | 1989 | 19287645 |
| factors affecting the biology and pathogenicity of heterodera schachtii on sugarbeet. | a direct relationship exists between soil temperature and heterodera schachtii development. the average developmental period of two nematode populations from lewiston, utah, and rupert, idaho, from j2 to j3, j4, adult, and the next generation j2 at soil temperatures of 18-28 c were 100, 140,225, and 399 degree-days (base 8 c), respectively. there was a positive relationship (p < 0.05) between nematode pi, nematode generations, and sugarbeet yields. the greatest sugarbeet growth inhibition (87%) ... | 1988 | 19290229 |
| efficacy of using split and postplant applications of aldicarb for control of helerodera schachtii on sugarbeet. | soil temperature at planting and initial population densities (pi) significantly affected (p < 0.05) the chemical control of heterodera schachtii on sugarbeet, beta vulgaris. the fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) at 9.4 g/m of row effectively controlled h. schachtii, resulting in increased sugarbeet yields over the nontreated control treatment at soil temperatures at planting of 8, 12, and 16 c and pi of 4.7, 10.4, and 18.3 eggs/cm(3) at planting. a split application of aldicarb, 1.3 g/m of r ... | 1987 | 19290290 |
| a simulation model of heterodera schachtii infecting beta vulgaris. | a simulation model of a single sugarbeet, beta vulgaris l., plant infected by the sugarbeet cyst nematode, heterodera schachtii schmidt, was developed using published information. the model is an interactive computer simulation programmed in fortran. given initial population densities of the nematode at planting, the model simulates nematode population dynamics and the growth of plant tap and fibrous roots. the driving variable for nematode development and plant growth is temperature. | 1986 | 19294221 |
| interrelationship of heterodera schachtii and meloidogyne hapla on tomato. | invasion of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum l.) roots by combined and sequential inoculations of meloidogyne hapla and a tomato population of heterodera schachtii was affected more by soil temperature than by nematode competition. maximum invasion of tomato roots, by m. hapla and h. schachtii occurred at 30 and 26 c, respectively. female development and nematode reproduction (eggs per plant) of m. hapla was adversely affected by h. schachtii in combined inoculations of the two nematode species. ... | 1985 | 19294113 |
| comparative morphometrics of eggs and second-stage juveniles of heterodera schachtii and a race of h. trifolii parasitic on sugarbeet in the netherlands. | measurements of second-stage juveniles of heterodera schachtii from california and the netherlands and a race of h. trifolii from the netherlands were obtained and compared to determine if these populations can be differentiated by morphometrics. juvenile lengths of 10 specimens from each of 10 cysts of each population were measured. dimensions of tail regions of 20 juveniles from individual cysts of h. schachtii (california) and a like number of juveniles of h. trifolii (the netherlands) were a ... | 1984 | 19295897 |
| relationship between heterodera schachtii, meloidogyne hapla, and nacobbus aberrans on sugarbeet. | heterodera schachtii, meloidogyne hapla, and nacobbus aberrans either alone, or in various combinations with each other, can, when inoculated at a concentration of 12 second-stage juveniles/ cm(3) of soil, cause a significant (p = 0.01) suppression of growth of sugarbeet (cv. tasco ah14) seedlings. m. hapla and h. schachtii decreased growth of sugarbeet more than n. aberrans over a 60-day period. the adverse effect of n. aberrans on the final population/initial population (pf/pi) ratio for eithe ... | 1984 | 19295890 |
| influence of meloidogyne hapla chitwood, 1949 on development and establishment of heterodera schachtii schmidt, 1871 on beta vulgaris l. | influence of meloidogyne hapla on estahlishnrent and maturity of heterodera schachtii in sugarbeet was studied. results indicated that when the majority of m. hapla were in second, third, or fourth larval stages within plants prior to h. schachtii inoculation, growth and development of the latter was retarded. however, when m. hapla reached the young female stage prior to inoculation of h. schachtii, establishment and development of the latter was greatly enhanced. as m. hapla reached maturity b ... | 1983 | 19295848 |
| effect of plant age and transplanting damage on sugar beets infected by heterodera schachtii. | sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. cv. monogerm c.s.f. 1971) seeds sown into vineland fine sandy loam, infested with 15,500 h. schachtii juveniles/pot, showed little growth during an 11-week test in the greenhouse. seedlings transplanted at 2, 4, and 6 weeks of age had 32, 30, and 31% less top weight and 71, 68, and 59% less root weight, respectively, compared to controls grown in nematode-free soil. nematode reproduction in both direct-seeded and transplanted sugar beets was limited and related to ro ... | 1983 | 19295846 |
| effects of selected nematicides on hatching of heterodera schachtii. | aldicarb, carbofuran, fensulfothion, and phenamiphos were tested in concentrations of 1-100 mug/ml for their effects on hatching of heterodera schachtii. exposure of cysts to 1 mug aldicarb or carbofuran/ml stimulated hatch whereas phenamiphos and, to a lesser degree, fensulfothion inhibited hatch. addition of aldicarb to sugarbeet root diffusate or 4 mm zinc chloride suppressed activities of these hatching agents. transfer of cysts previously treated with aldicarb or carbofuran to zinc chloride ... | 1983 | 19295835 |
| susceptibility of plant selections to heterodera schachtii and a race of h. trifolii parasitic on sugarbeet in the netherlands. | similar host ranges were found for heterodera schachtii and a race of h. trifolii parasitic on sugarbeet in the netherlands. twenty-nine of 41 plant accessions evaluated were susceptible to h. trifolii. five breeding lines of the interspecific hybrid beta vulgaris-b. procumbens which are resistant to h. schachtii were highly susceptible to h. trifolii. an accession of b. maritima with partial resistance to h. schachtii was resistant to h. trifolii. | 1983 | 19295803 |
| comparative response to sugarbeet and fodder beet to heterodera schachtii. | | 1983 | 19295780 |
| a comparison of the hatching of juveniles from cysts of heterodera schachtii and h. trifolii. | the effects of root diffusates of selected plants within the families chenopodiaceae and cruciferae and the hatching agent zinc chloride were tested for their effects on hatching and emergence of juveniles from cysts of heterodera schachtii and a race of h. trifolii parasitic on chenopodaceae and cruciferae in the netherlands. although all diffusates strongly stimulated hatching of juveniles of h. schachtii, their effects on h. trifolii were less evident. | 1982 | 19295758 |
| tolerance limit of the sugarbeet to heterodera schachtii. | field and greenhouse experiments showed that yield losses of sugarbeet, beta vulgaris, did not occur in soil infested with fewer than eight heterodera schachtii eggs/g soil. however, larger population densities greatly reduced sugarbeet yield. in the field experiment, the yield in microplots inoculated with more than 64 eggs/g soil was less than 20% of yields in uninoculated microplots. nevertheless, tolerance limits of 4 and 1.8 eggs/g soil, in greenhouse and field microplots, respectively, wer ... | 1982 | 19295696 |
| pathological interaction of a combination of heterodera schachtii and meloidogyne hapla on tomato. | increased culturing of a tomato population of heterodera schachtii (ut1c) on tomato for 480 days (eight inoculation periods of 60 days each) significantly increased virulence to 'stone improved' tomato. a synergistic relationship existed between meloidogyne hapla and h. schaehtii on tomato. a combination of h. schachtii (utic) and m. hapla significantly reduced tomato root weights by 65, 64, and 61% below root weights of untreated controls, and single inoculations of m. hapla and h. schachtii, r ... | 1982 | 19295694 |
| differences in the response of certain weed host populations to heterodera schachtii. | significant differences (p = 0.05) in nematode reproduction were observed among populations of heterodera schachtii and weed collections of black nightshade, common lambsquarters, common purslane, redroot-pigweed, shepherdspurse, and wild mustard from colorado, idaho, oregon, and utah. colorado weeds supported the greatest nematode development (p = 0.05). weeds collected from idaho and utah were similar with respect to their response to h. schachtii with the exception of shepherdspurse. at incre ... | 1982 | 19295693 |
| resistance of trisomic and diploid hybrids of beta vulgaris and b. procumbens to the sugarbeet nematode, heterodera schachtiis arnold. | trisomic and diploid hybrids of sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) x wild beet (b. procumbens chr. sin.) inherited the gene for resistance to heterodera schachtii schm. from b. procumbens. the hybrids showed partial resistance to h. schachtii, manifested in failure of larvae to reach maturity. although significantly greater numbers of female nematodes developed on plants inoculated with populations from the netherlands or italy than on plants inoculated with a population from the salinas valley, calif ... | 1981 | 19300775 |
| host-parasite interaction of resistant sugarbeet and heterodera schachtii. | the host-parasite relationships between heterodera schachtii schm. and the nematode-resistant diploid beta vulgaris l. line '51501' were examined via serial sections of secondary rootlets. second-stage larvae penetrated sugarbeet roots and migrated up to 1.95 mm before establishing permanent feeding sites. most sedentary larvae were oriented parallel to the root axis or in various diagonal or folded positions in the cortex. nematodes adopted no definite orientation with regard to the root apex. ... | 1981 | 19300746 |
| pathological differences in heterodera schachtii populations. | five populations of heterodera schachtii schm. from oregon, idaho, and utah did not differ significantly in seedling penetration and rate of emergence and virulence. another utah h. schachtii population (utah 2), however, differed from these five populations in all of the above-mentioned characteristics. more h. schachtii larvae of the utah 2 population than the other populations penetrated sugarbeet seedlings at 10, 15, 20, and 25 c. root and top weights of sugarbeet plants were signiticantly l ... | 1981 | 19300743 |
| the relationship of plant age, soil temperature, and population density of heterodera schachtii on the growth of sugarbeet. | there were direct relationships between inoculum density of heterodera schachtii schm. (nematode population density), initial soil temperature, the growth of sugarbeets in the greenhouse under controlled temperatures, and nematode populations. heterodera schachtii was least pathogenic on plants inoculated at 6 wk of age and most pathogenic on plants grown from inoculated germinated seed (0 wk of age). in the field, h. schachtii was least pathogenic on sugarbeets grown at an initial soil temperat ... | 1981 | 19300742 |
| the relationship of heterodera schachtii population densities to sugarbeet yields. | sugarbeet yields were contpared with field populations of heterodera schachtii schmidt. the correlation between sugarbeet yields and viable larvae/g of soil was negative and high, but that between sugarbeet yields and viable cysts/g of soil was lower. sugarbeet yields were also compared with h. schachtii populations by years of rotation with a nonhost crop. the coefficients of correlation (r) between yield and viable larvae/g of soil were negative and high: 0 yr of rotation, -0.935; 1 yr, -0.922 ... | 1981 | 19300741 |
| invasion of sugarbeet leaf blades by larvae of heterodera schachtii. | | 1981 | 19300728 |
| effect of phenamiphos on heterodera schachtii and meloidogyne javanica. | aqueous solutions of technical-grade phenamiphos [ethyl 3-methyl-4-(methylthio) phenyl (1-methylethyl) phosphoratnidale] were used in hatching chambers to test, under laboratory tory conditions, the effect of phenamiphos on the hatching and movement of meloiclogyne javanica and heterodera schachtii. hatch of m. javanica and h. schachtii eggs was depressed 70 and 88% by nematicide at 0.48 and 4.80 mug/ml, respectively. the infectivity of second-stage larvae of both species was affected by concent ... | 1980 | 19300678 |
| effect of nonhost cultivars on heterodera schachtii population dynamics. | broadcast plantings of nonhost cultivars (alfalfa, barley, bean, onion, potato, and wheat) in soil in redwood boxes (4.2 x 30 x 14 cm) infested with heterodera schachtii reduced the initial nematode populations (p = 0.05). the reduction was greater with sugarbeets, a host, than with all other cropping treatments except onion, bean, and fallow (p = 0.05). after 80 days, when the root growth of all treatments had completely penetrated the soil, the nematode population was lower under onion than un ... | 1980 | 19300671 |
| interacting effects of soil temperature and type on reproduction and pathogenicity of heterodera schachtii and meloidogyne hapla on sugarbeets. | | 1979 | 19300649 |
| chemical control of heterodera schachtii on sugarbeet in california. | | 1979 | 19305560 |
| the relationship between population density of heterodera schachtii, soil temperature, and sugarbeet yields. | in two glasshouse experiments, relations between sugarbeet root dry weight (y, expressed as a percentage of the maximum dry root weight), and preplanting populations of heterodera schachtii (p(i)) were described by the equation y = 100(z)(p(i)-t), in which z = a constant slightly smaller than 1, and t = the tolerance limit (the value of p(i) below which damage was not measureable). t varied with temperature; it was 65 eggs/100 g soil at 23 and 27 c and 430 eggs/100 g soil at 19 c. at 15 and 31 c ... | 1979 | 19305544 |
| residues of aldicarb and its oxides in beta vulgaris l. and systemic control of heterodera schachtii. | altlicarb residues in foliage of beta vulgaris l. 21 days after transplanting to soil treated with 1-5 mug aldicarb/g soil were proportional to residues in storage roots, but 20 times as great. initial concentrations of residues in roots 21 days after treatment were proportional to applied rates but declined by 56% when roots were stored 25 days at 24 c. mean respective concentrations of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone were 8.7, 81.6, and 9.8% of the total residues. in separat ... | 1979 | 19305527 |
| influence of population densities of heterodera schachtii on sugar beets grown in microplots. | high initial population densities of heterodera schachtii larvae (36 and 108/gm of soil) greatly retarded the seedling emergence of sugar beet 'monogerm csf 1971' in vineland fine sandy loam. in comparison with controls, initial population densities (p(i)'s) of 1.7, 3.0, 6.2, and 14.4 larvae/gm of soil respectively reduced the weight of storage roots by 38, 56, 64, and 92%. weights of tops also decreased with increases in p(i); weights of tap and small feeder roots tended to be higher at all p(i ... | 1978 | 19305852 |
| effects of cycloate on development of heterodera schachtii and growth of three beta species. | greenhouse tests were set up to evaluate the effects of the herbicide, cycloate (s-ethyl cydohexylethylthiocarbamate), oil development of heterodera schachtii and growth of three beta species. cycloate added to infested soil enhanced cyst development/gm root on b. vulgaris and larvae/gm of root in b. patellaris and b. procumbens at 4, 16, and 16 mug(a.i.)/gm of soil, respectively. total numbers of nematodes/individual root system decreased because of poor root growth of seedlings in cycloate-ame ... | 1978 | 19305818 |
| effects of soil moisture on control of heterodera schachtii with aldicarb. | soil moisture and the nematode population density in aldicarb-treated soil influenced control of the sugarbeet nematode, heterodera schachtii. greater numbers of nematode larvae infected 14-day-old sugarbeet seedlings growing in aldicarb-treated soil at 20-30% than at 80-100% field capacity (f. c.), and plant growth was inversely related to nematode infection and the nematode population density. compared with that of control plants, plant growth increase also was greater at 80-100% f. c. when th ... | 1977 | 19305596 |
| histopathology of beta vulgaris to individual and concomitant infections by meloidogyne hapla and heterodera schachtii. | histological changes in roots of beta vulgaris cultivar 'ush9a' resulting from infection of meloidogyne hapla alone, heterodera schachtii alone, or infection by both species on one feeding site were studied. anatomical changes caused by m. hapla infection were characterized by regions of hypertrophy and hyperplasia. giant cells were formed within the stele and varied in numbers from 4-7/feeding site; hyperplasia occurred in the form of a large number of relatively small compacted cells generally ... | 1976 | 19308244 |
| effects of oxime carbamate nematicides on development of heterodera schachtii on sugarbeet. | treatment of sugarbeet, beta vulgaris l., with aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, or aldicarb sulfone 10 days after plants were inoculated with heterodera schachtii prevented development of the nematode, but second-stage larvae penetrated the roots. these chemicals had no measurable effects on nematodes in plants treated 15 days after inoculation. the tests established that soil treatments of aldicarb are directly or indirectly lethal to larvae developing within roots of sugarbeet. heterodera schacht ... | 1976 | 19308211 |
| self-interactions of meloidogyne hapla and of heterodera schachtii on beta vulgaris. | double inoculations of sugar beet with larvae of meloidogyne hapla resulted in a higher galling incidence in only one treatment than did a single inoculation using the same number of larvae. double inoculations with larvae of heterodera schachtii, however, resulted in three- to five-fold more cysts in most cases than did single inoculations using the same number of larvae. in general, plants died more quickly after double inoculations than after single inoculations of the same total number of ei ... | 1976 | 19308195 |
| efficacy of oxamyl against heterodera schachtii on cabbage. | the efficacy of oxamyl in controlling heterodera schachtii on cabbage was determined by applying various contbinations of soil drenches at 6.7 kg (a.i.)/ha and foliar sprays at 0.04 kg (a.i.)/100 liters of water to cabbage seedlings. pretransplant drenches provided some control of h. schachtii over a 13-week period. a single foliar spray of oxamyl 1 week before transplanting apparently prevented penetration of h. schachtii larvae; post-transplant sprays were relatively ineffective. a pretranspla ... | 1976 | 19308194 |
| persistence of activity of oxamyl against heterodera schachtii on cabbage. | the duration of effectiveness of a foliar spray of oxamyl against heterodera schachtii and the location of the protective effect were determined by applying a foliar spray at 0.04 kg (a.i.)/100 liters of water to cabbage seedlings. oxamyl, or a metabolite of oxamyl, apparently is translocated to anti becomes prolective in the root within 7 days. between 7 and 14 days, the location of the protection shifts from within the root in the root surface or rhizosphere. the chemical remains active for at ... | 1976 | 19308193 |
| improved methods of hatching heterodera schachtii larvae for screening chemicals. | the rate of hatching of heterodera schachtii larvae was greatly increased by placing cysts in sieves enclosed by small disposable cups. an apparatus that permitted rapid storage of second-stage larvae at 10 c prolonged the viability of the larvae. | 1976 | 19308190 |
| control of heterodera schachtii with foliar application of nematicides. | foliar applications of ethyl 4-(methylthio)-m-tolyl isopropylphosphoramidate (phenamiphos) or s-methyl 1-(dimethylcarbamoyl)-n-[(methylcarbamoyl)oxy] thioformimidate (oxamyl) retarded infection of sugarbeets by the sugarbeet nematode, heterodera schachtii under greenhouse conditions. maximum nematode control was obtained when treatments were applied previous to, or at the time of, inoculation of plants with the nematode. consecutive foliar applications inhibited nematode development, with four a ... | 1975 | 19308180 |
| in-vitro and in-vivo effects of aldicarb on survival and development of heterodera schachtii. | aqueous solutions of 5-500 mug/ml aldicarb inhibited hatching of heterodera schachtii. addition of hatching agents, zinc chloride, or sugarbeet root diffusate, to the aldicarb solutions did not decrease the inhibition of hatching. when cysts were removed from the aldicarb solufions and then treated for 4 wk in sugarbeet root diffusate, larvae hatched and emerged. treatments of newly hatched larvae of h. schachtii with 5-100 mug/ml aldicarb depressed later development of larvae on sugarbeet (beta ... | 1975 | 19308173 |
| effects of aldicarb on the behavior of heterodera schachtii and meloidogyne javanica. | the toxic effects of sublethal concentrations of aldicarb were studied on eggs and second-stage larvae and males of heterodera schachtii and second-stage larvae only of meloidogyne javanica in a quartz sand substrate. aldicarb was more toxic to eggs of h. schachtii than to those of m. javanica. complete suppression of hatching occurred between 0.48 and 4.8 microg/ml aldicarb for h. schachtii whereas 100% inhibition of hatch of m. javanica occurred between 4.8 and 48.0 microg/ml. m. javanica hatc ... | 1975 | 19308160 |
| population dynamics of heterodera schachtii on tomato and sugar beet. | experiments showed that development of male and female heterodera schachtii on tomato and sugarbeet are disproportionately influenced by the nematode inoculum level and root size, which together determine the density of invading larvae. slight overcrowding favored development of males over females, whereas severe overcrowding equally affected development of males and females. differential population changes of host-selected races on tested cultivars was attributable to selective development of m ... | 1975 | 19308141 |
| the effects of hot water treatments on survival of heterodera schachtii. | cysts of heterodera schachtii were treated in a water bath at constant temperatures ranging from 45 - 62.5 c for 1 sec to 28 hr. treated and untreated cysts were incubated 8 weeks in sugarbeet root diffusate at 24 c to measure emergence of surviving larvae. within the temperature range of 49 - 54 c, the minimum lethal temperature was proportional to the log time of treatment. no larvae emerged from cysts exposed 10 sec at 60 c. although treatment of cysts for 8 hr at 45 c significantly reduced e ... | 1973 | 19319310 |
| orientation and development of heterodera schachtii larvae on tomato and sugarbeet roots. | | 1971 | 19322404 |
| hatching response of the sugarbeet nematode, heterodera schachtii, to electric shock. | | 1970 | 19322332 |
| effect of liquid nutrient culture, vacuum distillation and dialysis on hatching activity of sugar beet root diffusate for heterodera schachtii. | roots of sugar beets grown in liquid culture excrete substances that stimulate egg hatch and emergence of larvae from cysts of heterodera schachtii. their hatching effect is comparable to that of sugar beet root diffusate leached from soil-grown sugar beet plants. consequently, liquid culture provides a way of obtaining h. schachtii hatch-stimulant free of contaminants from soil. root diffusate, concentrated 50-fold or dried by vacuum distillation, retained hatching activity. the active principl ... | 1969 | 19325681 |
| susceptibilities of cultivated and weed plants to the sugarbeet nematode, heterodera schachtii schmidt, 1871, in southwestern ontario. | | 1957 | 13491827 |
| controlling the sugar beet fly pegomyia mixta vill. with entomopathogenic nematodes. | sugar beet, beta vulgaris l. is a strategic crop of sugar industry in egypt. it is threatened by several insect pests among most important of them is the beet fly pegomyia mixta. this work deals with the biological control of this insect using four entomopathogenic nematodes (epns). the nematodes included steinernema carpocapsae s2, steinernema feltiae, heterorhabditis bacteriophora (hb1-3) and heterorhabditis bacteriophora s1. daily mortality of larvae and pupae of p. mixta were recorded after ... | 2011 | 22696941 |
| fermentable non-starch polysaccharides increases the abundance of bacteroides-prevotella-porphyromonas in ileal microbial community of growing pigs. | most plant-origin fiber sources used in pig production contains a mixture of soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (nsp). the knowledge about effects of these sources of nsp on the gut microbiota and its fermentation products is still scarce. the aim of this study was to investigate effects of feeding diets with native sources of nsp on the ileal and fecal microbial composition and the dietary impact on the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (scfa) and lactic acid. the experimen ... | 2014 | 25046106 |
| sugar beet pulp as leuconostoc mesenteroides t3 support for enhanced dextransucrase production on molasses. | sugar beet pulp (sbp) and molasses, as an agro industrial waste material, are produced in large amounts annually. thus, a major challenge nowadays is to develop procedures that could increase the value of the generated waste. in this study, sbp as a support for cell immobilization and molasses as a source of nutrients were used for a dextransucrase (ds) production by leuconostoc mesenteroides t3. the influence of sbp in native form (sbp-n) and after treatment with naoh (sbp-naoh) on ds productio ... | 2016 | 27287996 |
| leuconostoc spp. associated with root rot in sugar beet and their interaction with rhizoctonia solani. | rhizoctonia root and crown rot is an important disease problem in sugar beet caused by rhizoctonia solani and also shown to be associated with leuconostoc spp. initial leuconostoc studies were conducted with only a few isolates and the relationship of leuconostoc with r. solani is poorly understood; therefore, a more thorough investigation was conducted. in total, 203 leuconostoc isolates were collected from recently harvested sugar beet roots in southern idaho and southeastern oregon during 201 ... | 2016 | 26735061 |
| listeria monocytogenes transfer during mechanical dicing of celery and growth during subsequent storage. | the transfer of listeria monocytogenes to previously uncontaminated product during mechanical dicing of celery and its growth during storage at various temperatures were evaluated. in each of three trials, 275 g of retail celery stalks was immersed in an aqueous five-strain l. monocytogenes cocktail to obtain an average of 5.6 log cfu/g and then was diced using a hand-operated dicer, followed by sequential dicing of 15 identical 250-g batches of uninoculated celery using the same dicer. each bat ... | 2014 | 24780331 |
| comparative relationship between meloidogyne chitwoodi and m. hapla population densities and growth of sugarbeet seedlings. | | 1982 | 19295732 |
| influence of nacobbus aberrans densities on growth of sugarbeet and kochia in pots. | | 1984 | 19294044 |
| development of the false root-knot nematode, nacobbus aberrans, on sugarbeet. | the duration of the embryogenic development of nacobbus aberrans (= n. batatiformis) took 9-10 days at 25 c and 51 days at 15 c. the j molted in the egg; hence the je emerged from the egg. the effect of distilled water attd root leachates of kochia and sugarbeet was investigated at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 c. root leachates did not significantly affect the percent of cumulative hatch of eggs, but temperature did significantly affect emergence of juveniles (p = 0.05). less than 1, 5, and 20% of eggs ... | 1983 | 19295804 |
| a novel production method for high-fructose glucose syrup from sucrose-containing biomass by a newly isolated strain of osmotolerant meyerozyma guilliermondii. | one osmotolerant strain from among 44 yeast isolates was selected based on its growth abilities in media containing high concentrations of sucrose. this selected strain, named skenny, was identified as meyerozyma guilliermondii by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer regions and partial d1/d2 large-subunit domains of the 26s ribosomal rna. sk-enny was utilized to produce high-fructose glucose syrup (hfgs) from sucrose-containing biomass. conversion rates to hfgs from 310-610 g/l of pure su ... | 2016 | 26718465 |
| regioselective glycosylation method using partially protected arabino- and galactofuranosyl thioglycosides as key glycosylating substrates and its application to one-pot synthesis of oligofuranoses. | we describe in this paper the development of a novel regioselective furanosylation methodology using partially protected furanosyl thioglycosides as central glycosylating building blocks and its application in the efficient one-pot synthesis of a series of linear and branched-type arabino- and galactofuranoside fragments structurally related to the cell wall polysaccharides of mycobacterium tuberculosis , streptococcus pneumoniae serostype 35a, and sugar beet. | 2012 | 22369586 |
| solanum tuber-bearing species resistance behavior against nacobbus aberrans. | naccobus aberrans is a major pest of the potato crop in the andean regions of argentina, bolivia, and perú. it is endemic in northwest argentina and is also found in lowlands. the resistance of eleven andean potato landraces and three accessions of the wild tuber-bearing species solanum acaule, s. infundibuliforme, and s. megistacrolobum were evaluated against a population of n. aberrans from coctaca, jujuy province, while solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum 'spunta', 'kennebec', and 'frital inta' ... | 2009 | 22661771 |
| diagnosis and molecular variability of an argentinean population of nacobbus aberrans with some observations on histopathology in tomato. | diagnosis of an argentinean population of nacobbus sp. infecting sweet pepper (lamuyo) was carried out including morphology, scanning electron microscopy, and molecular studies. in light of our morphometric, molecular and host-range results, we consider the studied population to belong to n. aberrans s. l., and by host range tests the population is assigned to the "sugar beet group." its-pcr analysis on individual male and immature female specimens of this population yielded amplification produc ... | 2007 | 19259470 |
| fungal secretomes enhance sugar beet pulp hydrolysis. | the recalcitrance of lignocellulose makes enzymatic hydrolysis of plant biomass for the production of second generation biofuels a major challenge. this work investigates an efficient and economic approach for the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar beet pulp (sbp), which is a difficult to degrade, hemicellulose-rich by-product of the table sugar industry. three fungal strains were grown on different substrates and the production of various extracellular hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes involved in pe ... | 2014 | 24677771 |
| a non-modular type b feruloyl esterase from neurospora crassa exhibits concentration-dependent substrate inhibition. | feruloyl esterases, a subclass of the carboxylic acid esterases (ec 3.1.1.1), are able to hydrolyse the ester bond between the hydroxycinnamic acids and sugars present in the plant cell wall. the enzymes have been classified as type a or type b, based on their substrate specificity for aromatic moieties. we show that neurospora crassa has the ability to produce multiple ferulic acid esterase activities depending upon the length of fermentation with either sugar beet pulp or wheat bran substrates ... | 2003 | 12435269 |
| effect of various fiber types and choice feeding of fiber on performance, gut development, humoral immunity, and fiber preference in broiler chicks. | two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of fibrous materials with one single diet or by choice feeding on performance, intestinal morphology, immunity, and fiber preference in broiler chicks. in experiment 1, 240-day-old chicks (ross 308) were assigned to one of 4 treatments, comprising 5 replicates per treatment in a completely randomized design. dietary treatments included: a basal diet (control) or 30 g/kg sugar beet pulp (sbp), 30 g/kg rice hull (rh), or 30 g/kg equal combin ... | 2015 | 26500273 |
| revealing the inventory of type iii effectors in pantoea agglomerans gall-forming pathovars using draft genome sequences and a machine-learning approach. | pantoea agglomerans, a widespread epiphytic bacterium, has evolved into a hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp)-dependent and host-specific gall-forming pathogen by the acquisition of a pathogenicity plasmid containing a type iii secretion system (t3ss) and its effectors (t3es). pantoea agglomerans pv. betae (pab) elicits galls on beet (beta vulgaris) and gypsophila (gypsophila paniculata), whereas p. agglomerans pv. gypsophilae (pag) incites galls on gypsophila and a hypersensitive re ... | 2016 | 28019708 |
| pantoea agglomerans: a mysterious bacterium of evil and good. part iii. deleterious effects: infections of humans, animals and plants. | pantoea agglomerans, a bacterium associated with plants, is not an obligate infectious agent in humans. however, it could be a cause of opportunistic human infections, mostly by wound infection with plant material, or as a hospital-acquired infection, mostly in immunocompromised individuals. wound infection with p. agglomerans usually follow piercing or laceration of skin with a plant thorn, wooden splinter or other plant material and subsequent inoculation of the plant-residing bacteria, mostly ... | 2016 | 27294620 |
| agrowaste to vanillin conversion by a natural pediococcus acidilactici strain bd16. | owing to its flavoring, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticarcinogenic nature, vanillin is widely used in foods, beverages, perfumes and pharmaceutical products. ferulic acid (fa) is an important precursor of vanillin which is abundant in cereals like maize, rice and wheat and sugar beet. a major drawback of microbial vanillin production from fa is the degradation and biotransformation of toxic vanillin to other phenolic derivatives. the present study is undertaken to explore microbial vanillin ... | 2016 | 27734757 |
| a novel gh43 α-l-arabinofuranosidase of penicillium chrysogenum that preferentially degrades single-substituted arabinosyl side chains in arabinan. | we previously described three α-l-arabinofuranosidases (abfs) secreted by penicillium chrysogenum 31b. here, we purified a fourth abf, termed pcabf43a, from the culture filtrate. the molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 31kda. pcabf43a had the highest activity at 35°c and at around ph 5. the enzyme activity was strong on sugar beet l-arabinan but weak on debranched arabinan and arabinoxylan. low molecular-mass substrates such as p-nitrophenyl α-l-arabinofuranoside, α-1,5-l-arabinooli ... | 2014 | 24731829 |
| heterologous expression, purification and characterization of three novel esterases secreted by the lignocellulolytic fungus penicillium purpurogenum when grown on sugar beet pulp. | the lignocellulolytic fungus, penicillium purpurogenum, grows on a variety of natural carbon sources, among them sugar beet pulp. culture supernatants of p. purpurogenum grown on sugar beet pulp were partially purified and the fractions obtained analyzed for esterase activity by zymograms. the bands with activity on methyl umbelliferyl acetate were subjected to mass spectrometry to identify peptides. the peptides obtained were probed against the proteins deduced from the genome sequence of p. pu ... | 2017 | 28342968 |
| penicillium purpurogenum produces a highly stable endo-β-(1,4)-galactanase. | the polysaccharides of galactose present in the pectin of the plant cell wall are degraded by endo-β-1,4-galactanases. the filamentous fungus penicillium purpurogenum, which grows on a number of natural carbon sources, among them sugar beet pulp which contains pectin, has a gene (ppgal1) coding an endo-β-1,4-galactanase (ppgal1). this enzyme was expressed heterologously in pichia pastoris. it has a molecular mass of 38 kda, a ph optimum of 4-4.5, and an optimal temperature of 60 °c. it is 100 % ... | 2016 | 27339187 |
| heterologous expression of a penicillium purpurogenum exo-arabinanase in pichia pastoris and its biochemical characterization. | arabinan is a component of pectin, which is one of the polysaccharides present in lignocelluose. the enzymes degrading the main chain of arabinan are the endo- (ec 3.2.1.99) and exo-arabinanases (3.2.1.-). only three exo-arabinanases have been biochemically characterized; they belong to glycosyl hydrolase family 93. in this work, the cdna of an exo-arabinanase (arap2) from penicillium purpurogenum has been heterologously expressed in pichia pastoris. the gene is 1310 bp long, has three introns a ... | 2015 | 26615749 |