| vancomycin, metronidazole, and tetracyclines. | over the last 30 years, the impurities in the vancomycin product have been reduced, perhaps resulting in a lower rate of adverse reactions. vancomycin is bactericidal against most susceptible organisms, but is bacteriostatic against the enterococcus. vancomycin is the drug of choice for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. vancomycin attains good tissue and bone penetration and must be administered intravenously for systemic infections. it is eliminated renally with a half-life of about ... | 1992 | 1586910 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the gamma-d-glutamyl-l-diamino acid endopeptidase ii of bacillus sphaericus. | the gene encoding the bacillus sphaericus gamma-d-glutamyl-l-diamino acid endopeptidase ii, a cytoplasmic enzyme involved in cell sporulation [1], contains the information for a 271-amino acid protein devoid of a signal peptide. the endopeptidase lacks sequence relatedness with other proteins of known primary structure except that its c-terminal region has significant similarity with the c-terminal region of the 54-kda p54 protein of enterococcus faecium, of unknown function [2]. | 1992 | 1587462 |
| contribution of the pad1-encoded cytolysin to the severity of experimental enterococcus faecalis endophthalmitis. | the contribution of the pad1-encoded cytolysin to enterococcus faecalis virulence in an experimental endophthalmitis model was studied by using isogenic strains differing only in the location of transposon tn917. the course of experimental endophthalmitis in new zealand white rabbits was evaluated by postoperative reduction in retinal neuroresponsiveness, thin-section histopathology, and transmission electron microscopy. infections caused by cytolytic e. faecalis resulted in 99% loss of retinal ... | 1992 | 1587612 |
| patients at risk for inappropriate antibiotic treatment of bacteraemia. | in order to define patients at high risk for inappropriate antibiotic treatment of bacteraemia, we compared 682 bacteraemic patients, treated with an antibiotic drug to which the infecting micro-organism was susceptible, with 419 patients who were inappropriately treated. on a multivariate logistic regression analysis including only clinical variables, four factors were found to be both significantly and independently associated with inappropriate antibiotic treatment: hospital-acquired bacterae ... | 1992 | 1588261 |
| defective in vitro motility of polymorphonuclear leukocytes of homozygote and heterozygote chediak-higashi cats. | the in vitro migratory responses of neutrophils of homozygote and heterozygote chediak-higashi cats were defective in an under-agarose assay when compared to the behavior of phagocytes of control cats. the linear distances traversed by the leading front of migrating chediak-higashi neutrophils toward streptococcal culture supernatant, zymosan-activated serum or buffer were reduced and smaller numbers of chediak-higashi phagocytes populated the resulting migration areas than did cells of control ... | 1992 | 1589952 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility changes in enterococcus faecalis following various penicillin exposure regimens. | penicillin-"virgin" strains of enterococcus faecalis collected from a population of individuals with no previous antibiotic exposure were subjected in vitro to penicillin delivered as repeated pulses, stepwise increasing concentrations, or sustained levels of a single concentration. changes in resistance to penicillin were assessed by determination of mics, and time-kill studies were performed to evaluate changes in tolerance to the bactericidal effects of penicillin. isogenic clones, derived fr ... | 1992 | 1590676 |
| intrahospital spread of a single gentamicin-resistant, beta-lactamase-producing strain of enterococcus faecalis in argentina. | six beta-lactamase-producing (bla+) isolates of enterococcus faecalis recovered over a 17-month period from an argentinian pediatric hospital were found to have identical or almost identical chromosomal restriction patterns by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, although the plasmid patterns were different. these isolates, like bla+ enterococci in the united states, hybridized to a staphylococcal bla gene probe. the presence of a single strain was somewhat surprising, since all isolates transferre ... | 1992 | 1590694 |
| comparison of ly264826-gentamicin with vancomycin-gentamicin against enterococci from blood cultures. | the combination of the new glycopeptide ly264826 and gentamicin was compared with the combination of vancomycin and gentamicin against 30 strains of enterococci, comprising 20 strains of enterococcus faecalis, five strains of enterococcus faecium and five strains of enterococcus avium, isolated from blood cultures. ly264826 plus gentamicin was synergic against e. faecalis and e. faecium, but not against e. avium. | 1992 | 1592699 |
| vancomycin-resistant bacteria. | | 1992 | 1593098 |
| a cluster of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium in an intensive care unit. | to describe the epidemiology of a cluster of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium (varec) in a cardiothoracic surgery intensive care unit. | 1992 | 1593099 |
| influence of infant diets on the ecology of the intestinal tract of human flora-associated mice. | the effect of diet on intestinal ecology was studied in germ-free mice that were inoculated orogastrically with predominant intestinal flora components isolated from the feces of breast-fed human infants. the flora components colonized the intestines of mice and persisted at fixed population levels. groups of flora- associated mice were fed either human milk, bovine milk, whey-dominant formula, or formula modifications exclusively for 2 weeks, and then examined for changes in small intestinal an ... | 1992 | 1593368 |
| flavin-linked peroxide reductases: protein-sulfenic acids and the oxidative stress response. | sequence analyses of the streptococcus faecalis nadh peroxidase and the flavoprotein component of the salmonella typhimurium alkyl hydroperoxide reductase indicate clear evolutionary links with members of the flavoprotein disulfide reductase family. however, chemical and spectroscopic evidence demonstrate that the non-flavin redox center in nadh peroxidase is an unusual stabilized cysteine-sulfenic acid (cys-soh) derivative, and not a cystine disulfide as found in the disulfide reductases. this ... | 1992 | 1595127 |
| influence of pefloxacin on microbial colonization resistance in healthy volunteers. | the influence of pefloxacin, 400 mg twice daily for ten days, on microbial colonization resistance was investigated in six healthy volunteers. in three volunteers impairment of colonization resistance was indicated by a significant increase in the faecal concentration of yeasts. in two of them, impairment of colonization resistance was confirmed by facilitation of colonization by a challenge strain of klebsiella pneumoniae in the early post-treatment period. it is concluded that pefloxacin impai ... | 1992 | 1597205 |
| lactic acid bacteria for mink. colonization and persistence of enterococcus faecium cernelle 68 in the digestive tract of mink. | a method was developed to follow a lactic acid bacterial strain, enterococcus faecium cernelle 68, with respect to adhesion, multiplication, colonization, and persistence in the digestive tract of mink. also the spread of the strain in the cage was examined. when adding 5 x 10(9) c.f.u. of a rifampicin resistant mutant per kg feed, high viable counts were registered throughout the digestive tract, apart from the oesophagus. counts were increasing in the aboral direction, suggesting some multipli ... | 1992 | 1598862 |
| the clinical impact of culturing central venous catheters. a prospective study. | the semiquantitative culture technique is a standard procedure for the laboratory diagnosis of catheter-associated infections and catheter-associated bacteremia. in a prospective observational study, we evaluated the clinical impact of the semiquantitative culture results on the treatment of the patient. clinical impact was defined as a change in diagnosis or therapy on the basis of the semiquantitative culture result. one hundred fifty-seven catheters consecutively submitted from the surgical i ... | 1992 | 1599360 |
| predominant pathogens in hospital infections. | to determine the distribution of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in united states hospitals, we analysed data from the national nosocomial infections surveillance (nnis) system. from october 1986 to december 1990, amongst hospitals conducting hospital-wide surveillance, the five most commonly reported pathogens were escherichia coli (13.7%), staphylococcus aureus (11.2%), enterococci (10.7%), pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.1%), and coagulase-negative staphylococci (9.7%). the commonest patho ... | 1992 | 1601752 |
| the in-vitro antibacterial activity of a combination of cefpirome or cefoperazone with vancomycin against enterococci and staphylococcus aureus. | cefpirome, cefoperazone and ceftazidime were tested for their in-vitro activity against enterococcus faecalis and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) isolates. cefpirome was the most active cephalosporin followed by cefoperazone. ceftazidime had only very limited activity against these strains. in experiments with cefpirome/vancomycin and cefoperazone/vancomycin combinations, synergy was detected against most mrsa strains and some enterococci. antagonism did not occur. | 1992 | 1601753 |
| comparison of clinical response to cefpirome treatment and minimum inhibitory concentration of causative isolates. microbiological and clinical study groups. | three hundred and forty-five clinical isolates from patients treated with cefpirome were studied using an mic methodology to develop tentative breakpoints for cefpirome, and to correlate clinical success with in-vitro susceptibility. no relationship between elimination, persistence and mic of potential pathogens was found. there was, however, a close relationship between clinical cure and improvement and eradication of causative organisms. based on the data, tentative breakpoints of less than 4 ... | 1992 | 1601762 |
| microflora of the pouch of the koala (phascolarctos cinereus). | microflora of the pouch epithelium of 17 female koalas (phascolarctos cinereus) were examined in relation to their current reproductive status and recent reproductive history. no microbial growth was observed in pouch swabs from 13 of 17 (76%) koalas, including four females without young, seven with pouch young and two with back young (i.e. permanently emerged from the pouch). growth of bacteria or yeasts was observed in pouch swabs from four koalas, each of which had experienced mortality of it ... | 1992 | 1602580 |
| identification of new sex pheromone plasmids in enterococcus faecalis. | we describe the identification of the following new sex pheromone plasmids in enterococcus faecalis: a haemolysin-bacteriocin plasmid, pip964; three r plasmids, pip1017, pip1438 and pip1440; and two cryptic conjugative plasmids, pip1141 and pmv120. the identification was based on the formation of cell aggregates on filter membranes during conjugation, on efficient transfer in broth matings, and on a positive clumping reaction of cells carrying these plasmids. in addition these plasmids hybridize ... | 1992 | 1603059 |
| sex pheromone plasmid pad1-encoded surface exclusion protein of enterococcus faecalis. | during conjugative transfer of sex pheromone plasmids of enterococcus faecalis a so-called surface exclusion protein reduces the frequency with which these plasmids are transferred to cells already possessing the same plasmid. we report here the dna sequence of a 3.8 kb fragment of the sex pheromone plasmid pad1 containing the structural gene sea1 for surface exclusion protein and a small open reading frame (orf) upstream of sea1. surface exclusion protein sea1 was found to be highly homologous ... | 1992 | 1603060 |
| hospital-acquired infection with vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium transmitted by electronic thermometers. | to describe an epidemic of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium causing bacteremia and bacteriuria, to identify the source of infection, to delineate risk factors associated with acquisition of the organism, and to determine antibiotic sensitivities for the organism. | 1992 | 1605425 |
| genetic basis of tetracycline resistance in clinical isolates of listeria monocytogenes. | the genetic basis of tetracycline resistance was studied in 25 clinical isolates of listeria monocytogenes. resistance to tetracycline was associated with resistance to minocycline and due to the presence of the tet(m) gene in 24 strains. association of tet(m) with int-tn, the gene encoding the protein required for the movements of tn1545-like conjugative transposons, was found in all strains. cotransfer of tet(m) and int-tn among l. monocytogenes cells and from l. monocytogenes to enterococcus ... | 1992 | 1605611 |
| conjugal transfer of plasmid dna from enterococcus faecalis to escherichia coli in digestive tracts of gnotobiotic mice. | we have studied the transfer of the conjugative shuttle plasmid pat191, which confers resistance to kanamycin, from enterococcus faecalis to escherichia coli in the digestive tracts of six gnotobiotic mice. colonies of e. coli resistant to kanamycin were isolated from the feces of two mice, respectively, on days 25 and 35 after the beginning of the experiment and never thereafter. the transfer frequency of pat191, expressed as the number of transconjugants per donor cell isolated from intestines ... | 1992 | 1605622 |
| determination of the chromosomal size of three different strains of enterococcus faecalis and one strain of enterococcus faecium. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to determine the chromosomal size of three different strains of enterococcus faecalis and one strain of enterococcus faecium. the size determinations of og1x, a strain of e. faecalis widely used in many laboratories for genetic studies, using sma i, not i, and sfi i alone or in combination, ranged from 2,750 to 2,761 kb. using the same enzymes as with og1x, the size of hh-67, a plasmid-free clinical isolate of e. faecalis, was determined to be 2,170-2,28 ... | 1992 | 1605856 |
| high-level resistance to gentamicin in enterococcus faecium. | during a six-month period in a hospital in ireland, four patients were infected (isolation from blood cultures) and two were colonized (isolation from rectal swabs) with strains of enterococcus faecium highly resistant to gentamicin. mics of gentamicin were greater than 1000 mg/l for all six strains, and each possessed a plasmid of approximately 50 mda. resistance to gentamicin was transferable by conjugation from two of the six strains, and was associated with transfer of the 50 mda plasmid. th ... | 1992 | 1607328 |
| [affinities of pbps of enterococci to cefepime and ampicillin]. | the beta-lactam resistance of genus streptococcus has been explained by the low binding affinity of penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) to the drug. this study was carried out to resolve the mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in the species of genus enterococcus by means of binding affinities of pbps. streptococcus pyogenes, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium and enterococcus avium were employed as assay microbes. cefepime (cfpm) and ampicillin (abpc) were used as repres ... | 1992 | 1608172 |
| [comparative evaluation of membrane filter methods for enumeration of enterococci in water]. | many laboratory methods for the assay of viable counts of enterococci in water have been reported, but the evaluation or verification of the methods have yet to be reported. the three most commonly used membrane filter methods were selected and compared in terms of the verification of enterococci counts in environmental water. the verified percentages, i.e. identified enterococci count versus apparent enterococci count, assayed by each method, were as follows: kf.mf (membrane filter cultured on ... | 1992 | 1611124 |
| the postantibiotic suppressive effect of l-ofloxacin, an optically active isomer of ofloxacin. | the postantibiotic suppressive effect (pae) of l-ofloxacin was studied and compared with those of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. the pae of l-ofloxacin was observed against all gram-positive organisms tested: staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, and enterococcus faecalis. at the achievable serum concentrations l-ofloxacin showed a longer pae than ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. exposure of organisms to 4 micrograms/ml of l-ofloxacin for 2 hr produced a 3.1 and 4.2 hr pae for methicillin-sensiti ... | 1992 | 1611855 |
| [a study on in vitro antibacterial activity and clinical usefulness in respiratory tract infections of panipenem/betamipron, a newly synthesized carbapenem antibiotic]. | panipenem/betamipron (papm/bp) is a combination drug of papm, a new parenteral carbapenem antibiotic and bp, an amino acid derivative at a weight ratio of 1:1. its in vitro antibacterial activities against clinically isolated respiratory pathogenic bacteria were determined. it was superior to imipenem (ipm) in the in vitro antibacterial activities against haemophilus influenzae, haemophilus parainfluenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, staphylococcus aureus including mrsa, klebsiella pneumoniae, serr ... | 1992 | 1613967 |
| streptococcal and enterococcal bacteremia in patients with cancer. | eighty-two episodes of bacteremia due to streptococci (including the genus enterococcus) in 78 patients hospitalized at institut jules bordet between 1986 and 1988 were reviewed. the incidence ranged from 5.5 to 7.6 per 1,000 admissions (16% of all bacteremias). enterococcus faecalis, streptococcus sanguis, and streptococcus mitis were the most prevalent isolates, followed by streptococcus angionosus, streptococcus salivarius, and large colony-forming beta-hemolytic species (a, b, c, and g). twe ... | 1992 | 1617072 |
| nosocomial bacteremia due to enterococcus faecalis without endocarditis. | during a 2-year observation period at a 2,200-bed university hospital, bacteremia due to enterococcus faecalis was observed in 111 patients. fifty-five patients with nosocomial bacteremia due to e. faecalis could be evaluated. the most common entry sites were the urinary tract (25%), the intraabdominal cavity (13%), and burn and decubital wounds (11%). bacteremia was preceded by administration of cephalosporins, imipenem, and aztreonam (n = 39); ciprofloxacin (n = 11); and other antibiotics (n = ... | 1992 | 1617073 |
| enterococcal endocarditis. | enterococci, most often enterococcus faecalis, cause 5%-20% of cases of infective endocarditis (ie). enterococcal ie is usually a disease of older men, and the most frequent source of infection is the genitourinary tract. in cases of enterococcal ie, both normal and previously damaged valves can be involved. the disease most commonly presents in a subacute fashion; clinical and laboratory features are similar to those observed with ie caused by other pathogens. diagnosis is based on the presence ... | 1992 | 1617074 |
| enterococcal infections in surgical patients: the mystery continues. | the frequency of isolation of enterococci from surgical patients has increased significantly during the past decade, although the role of these organisms as pathogens in mixed infections remains a mystery. bacteremia and other infections in which enterococci are the only pathogens frequently result in high morbidity and mortality among patients unless specific antimicrobial therapy is initiated promptly. debate continues concerning the necessity for treatment with such agents when this organism ... | 1992 | 1617075 |
| stereotactic, angiography-guided clipping of a distal, mycotic intracranial aneurysm using the cosman-roberts-wells system: technical note. | we describe the use of stereotactic, angiographic guidance for localization and clipping of a small, distal intracranial bacterial aneurysm. the technique uses the commercially available suetens-gybels-vandermeulen angiographic localizer with the widely used cosman-roberts-wells stereotactic system. this method is simple and easy to use and significantly decreased the operative time. it may be quite useful for surgically treating mycotic and other peripheral aneurysms. | 1992 | 1620306 |
| brain abscess ten years after penetrating glass injury to the skull. | | 1992 | 1621294 |
| in vitro evaluation of e1077, a new cephalosporin with a broad antibacterial spectrum. | e1077 is a novel parenteral cephalosporin with a wide spectrum of potent antibacterial activity against aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, e1077 was twice as active as cefpirome, with an mic for 90% of strains tested (mic90) of 0.78 micrograms/ml. methicillin-resistant s. aureus was moderately to highly resistant to e1077, but e1077 was at least twice as active as other beta-lactams tested. against enterococcus f ... | 1992 | 1622167 |
| the effect of resuscitation and the incubation-temperature on recovery of uninjured, heat injured and freeze injured enterococci. | five strains of enterococci were inoculated on the slanetz and bartley enterococcus agar (ea), and incubated at 37 degrees c and 44 degrees c following: no injury, heat-injury and freeze-injury. the experiments were repeated introducing a 2 h resuscitation step in tryptic soy agar (tsa) at 37 degrees c and subsequent overlay with ea (tsa/ea) followed by incubation at both 37 degrees c and 44 degrees c. the tsa/ea method gave a significantly better recovery (1% confidence level) than the ea metho ... | 1992 | 1622754 |
| emergence of enterococcus as a significant pathogen. | | 1992 | 1623072 |
| isolation rates and pathogenicity of enterococci in obstetric and gynecological operations. | isolation of enterococci in patients undergoing obstetric and gynecological operations was studied as well as reviewing the postoperative infection due to this organism during the period from 1985 to 1990. 1) in 126 cases undergoing abdominal total hysterectomy, vaginal specimens were obtained before and after (3rd day) the operation. the isolation rates increased after the operation (before 16.7%, after 35.7%). they increased not only in the group using pipc, cez, cepr, cmz, and lmox by drip in ... | 1992 | 1624840 |
| nosocomial acquisition of beta-lactamase--negative, ampicillin-resistant enterococcus. | a recent prospective study at the department of veterans affairs medical center, martinez, calif, revealed that 9% of enterococcal clinical isolates were ampicillin resistant. we prospectively studied 100 patients hospitalized in one general medicine ward and in the medical intensive care unit to study determinants of acquisition of ampicillin-resistant enterococcus. | 1992 | 1627025 |
| nosocomial bacterial infections in very low birth weight infants. | the occurrence of congenital and nosocomial bacterial septicaemia has been documented by identifying the number of positive blood cultures by reviewing the laboratory and clinical records of 394 very low birth weight infants who were consecutively admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit over a 40-month period. the incidence of congenital septicaemia was 6% and of nosocomial septicaemia 17%. the commonest causes of congenital infection were streptococcus agalactiae staphylococcus epidermidis a ... | 1992 | 1628675 |
| detection of vancomycin resistance in enterococcus species. | enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium isolates that are resistant to vancomycin have recently been identified in north america and europe. of 155 clinical isolates of enterococci (113 e. faecium and 42 e. faecalis), we found that 98 were resistant, 52 were moderately susceptible, and 5 had intermediate susceptibilities to vancomycin by using broth microdilution susceptibility testing according to the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls) (approved standard m7-a2). ... | 1992 | 1629315 |
| nosocomial urinary tract infections at a pediatric hospital. | although the epidemiology of nosocomial urinary tract infections (nutis) is well-described in the adult population, there is little information on children. we therefore reviewed all our patients with nutis, to determine their age, underlying diagnoses, microorganisms involved, use of catheters and secondary bacteremias. during a 2-year period at our institution, nutis accounted for 10% of all nosocomial infections (0.8 infections/100 admissions). of 44,948 patients admitted during this period 0 ... | 1992 | 1630854 |
| influence of transient salivary flora on assessment of mutans streptococci level by the "strip mutans" method. | the dentocult sm ("strip mutans") method occasionally shows decoloration of broth and of colonies of mutans streptococci on the plastic strip, thereby making interpretation difficult. in an attempt to explain the phenomenon and to investigate the influence of the salivary flora on the "strip mutans" method, a total of 46 subjects were sampled. saliva was analyzed using the "strip mutans" method and conventional plating techniques to identify mutans streptococci, enterococci, staphylococci, enter ... | 1992 | 1631483 |
| hydrophobic interaction chromatography fractionates lipoteichoic acid according to the size of the hydrophilic chain: a comparative study with anion-exchange and affinity chromatography for suitability in species analysis. | hydrophobic interaction chromatography fractionated the lipoteichoic acid of enterococcus faecalis into species of decreasing poly(glycerophosphate) chain length and decreasing extent of substitution with alpha-kojibiosyl residues (glcp alpha 1----2glcp alpha 1----). the chain length varied between 14 and 33 glycerophosphate residues per lipid anchor, the extent of glycosylation between 0.18 and 0.44 mol of alpha-kojibiosyl residues per mole of phosphorus, and, accordingly, the number of alpha-k ... | 1992 | 1632524 |
| [an increased incidence of bacterial endocarditis in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases]. | of 92 consecutive patients treated for proven native valve endocarditis three had ulcerative colitis and 2 crohn's disease. all 5 patients developed severe complications; three had to undergo emergency valve replacement. with a prevalence of 64.1/10(5) cases of inflammatory bowel disease the calculated incidence (5/92) revealed a significant over-representation of inflammatory bowel disease among patients with proven endocarditis (p less than 5.08 x 10(-9)). possible explanations may be the supp ... | 1992 | 1636271 |
| conditions modulating the ionic selectivity of transport by monensin examined on enterococcus hirae (streptococcus faecalis) by 23na-nmr and k+ atomic absorption. | factors likely to modulate the ionic selectivity of monensin were examined on enterococcus hirae (streptococcus faecalis) in two states previously characterized: the resting (de-energized) cell and the active (energized) cell. internal and external na+ were followed by corresponding 23na-nmr resonances k+ concentrations were measured by atomic absorption. for a given cellular population of de-energized cells, the apparent transport rates and the final cationic concentrations reached at the stead ... | 1992 | 1637842 |
| [studies of bacterial indicators for water pollution--growth of escherichia coli and enterococci in limited nutrient conditions]. | bacteria, that would be an ideal indicator for fecal contamination in environmental water, should not proliferate but at the same time should survive a little longer than enteropathogenic bacteria in the environmental water. while conventional methods have recommended escherichia coli as an indicator, enterococci is recommended as a preferable indicator for the estimation of fecal contamination based on the following observation. the relationship between the specific growth rate of organism and ... | 1992 | 1638040 |
| evaluation of a mechanical/chemical infectious waste disposal system. | the mechanical/chemical infectious waste disposal system (iwds), model z-5000 hc, manufactured by medical safetec inc. (indianapolis, indiana) was evaluated for its ability to disinfect biomedical waste. | 1992 | 1640095 |
| transcriptional control of sex-pheromone-inducible genes on plasmid pad1 of enterococcus faecalis and sequence analysis of a third structural gene for (ppd1-encoded) aggregation substance. | the expression of several neighbouring genes on plasmid pad1 that are necessary for conjugation depend on induction with sex pheromone cad1. analyses of transcripts by northern blot hybridization demonstrated that the genes sea1 (encoding surface exclusion protein) and asa1 (encoding aggregation substance) are transcribed independently. both genes are organized in different operons together with neighbouring open reading frames of unknown function. several transcripts could be identified for sea ... | 1992 | 1640831 |
| enterococcus faecalis infection in a corneal graft. | | 1992 | 1642309 |
| evaluation of bactec high blood volume resin media. | bactec plus high-blood-volume resin media (aerobic bp 26 vial and anaerobic bp 27 vial) were compared with standard bactec media (aerobic nr 6a and anaerobic nr 7a vial). a total of 2253 blood culture sets, each consisting of the four vials, were collected. positive cultures were obtained from 403 sets and grew 428 organisms; 271 organisms were considered as significant. the bactec plus high blood volume resin (bp-hbv) media grew significantly more staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staph ... | 1992 | 1643816 |
| the e-test applied to susceptibility tests of gonococci, multiply-resistant enterococci, and enterobacteriaceae producing potent beta-lactamases. | the e-test (ab biodisk, solna, sweden), a new and novel approach developed to test antimicrobial susceptibility, was compared with the agar dilution method. a collection of 57 organisms, including those with known resistances to various antimicrobial agents was tested against 15 drugs using the national committee for clinical laboratory standard (nccls) methods. the e-test quantitative accuracy (+/- 2 log2 dilutions) compared with agar dilution results was 99% for neisseria gonorrhoeae, 95% for ... | 1992 | 1643825 |
| childhood meningitis caused by enterococci and viridans streptococci. | selected clinical and laboratory parameters were studied respectively in patients with meningitis caused by enterococci and viridans streptococci in an academic children's hospital. during a nine-year period (1981-1989), enterococci or viridans streptococci were isolated from the cerobrospinal fluid (csf) of 48 patients. in nine of these 48 patients, enterococci or viridans streptococci were the causative agents of meningitis. these nine children constituted 2.0% of 450 patients with bacterial m ... | 1992 | 1644484 |
| sensitivity to new generation of antibiotics in biliary surgery. | the treatment of septic complications of cholecystectomy patients requires special attention. in a prospective study of 1009 consecutive cholecystectomy patients (including all acute and elective patients, excluding cases of malignancy), we routinely took cultures from the cystic duct and the gallbladder, and checked the strain for sensitivity. positive cultures were found in 31.4% of the series, the most frequent bacteria being e. coli (50.3%). the aminoglycosides and the second and third gener ... | 1992 | 1644544 |
| conjugative transposition of tn916 requires the excisive and integrative activities of the transposon-encoded integrase. | transposon tn916 is a 16.4-kb broad-host-range conjugative transposon originally detected in the chromosome of enterococcus faecalis ds16. transposition of tn916 and related transposons involves excision of a free, nonreplicative, covalently closed circular intermediate that is substrate for integration. excisive recombination requires two transposon-encoded proteins, xis-tn and int-tn, whereas the latter protein alone is sufficient for integration. here we report that conjugative transposition ... | 1991 | 1648556 |
| tn917 transposase. sequence correction reveals a single open reading frame corresponding to the tnpa determinant of tn3-family elements. | a nucleotide sequence correction on the enterococcus faecalis transposon tn917 indicates that what was formerly thought to be two open reading frames (orf5 and orf6) is actually one reading frame (orf5). the latter exhibits homology with the tn3-family transposase determinants known as tnpa. | 1991 | 1650004 |
| the bactericidal activity of ampicillin, daptomycin, and vancomycin against ampicillin-resistant enterococcus faecium. | ampicillin, daptomycin, and vancomycin, alone and in combination with gentamicin, were examined for bactericidal effects on ampicillin-resistant enterococcus faecium using broth dilution minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) and time-kill studies. we tested 12 ampicillin-resistant isolates and demonstrated the following mics and mbcs, respectively: ampicillin, greater than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml and greater than 256 micrograms/ml; daptomycin, less than or equal to 4 micrograms/ml and le ... | 1991 | 1651825 |
| [therapeutic efficacy of imipenem/cilastatin sodium on respiratory tract infections in lung cancer patients]. | imipenem/cilastatin sodium (ipm/cs) was used to treat respiratory tract infections (rti) in 54 patients with lung cancer. out of the 54 patients studied, 53 were evaluable for the utility of ipm/cs; 42 had pneumonia, 9 had obstructive pneumonia, 1 had a lung abscess and 1 had acute bronchitis. the efficacy rate was 71.7%. seventeen causative organisms were isolated from 14 patients. they included staphylococcus aureus 5 strains, staphylococcus epidermidis 4 strains, staphylococcus sp. 2 strains, ... | 1991 | 1652653 |
| novel and emerging mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial pathogens. | nosocomial pathogens frequently are resistant to antimicrobial agents. although methicillin-resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus continue to be a major problem in many hospitals, several new types of resistance determinants have been noted among organisms causing hospital-acquired infections. the mechanisms include extended spectrum beta-lactamases in gram-negative bacilli; resistance to beta-lactams, glycopeptides, and high levels of aminoglycosides among enterococci; quinolone resistance ... | 1991 | 1656749 |
| mechanisms and implications of glycopeptide resistance in enterococci. | glycopeptide resistance is recent in enterococci and its expression is inducible by glycopeptides. two phenotypes can be distinguished: (a) resistance to high levels of vancomycin and teicoplanin, and (b) resistance to low levels of vancomycin only. there is no cross-resistance between glycopeptides, glycolipodepsipeptides (ramoplanin), and lipopeptides (daptomycin). the determinants conferring low-level resistance are nontransferable and presumably chromosomal. high-level resistance is plasmid- ... | 1991 | 1656750 |
| mechanisms of clinical resistance to fluoroquinolones in enterococcus faecalis. | about 10% of 100 clinical isolates of enterococcus faecalis were resistant to greater than or equal to 25 micrograms of norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and temafloxacin per ml. in this study, the dna gyrase of e. faecalis was purified from a fluoroquinolone-susceptible strain (atcc 19433) and two resistant isolates, ms16968 and ms16996. strains ms16968 and ms16996 were 64- to 128-fold and 16- to 32-fold less susceptible, respectively, to fluoroquinolones than was atcc 19433; mics of nonqu ... | 1991 | 1656852 |
| characterization of the gentamicin resistance transposon tn5281 from enterococcus faecalis and comparison to staphylococcal transposons tn4001 and tn4031. | in enterococcus faecalis, the genetic determinant encoding gentamicin resistance (gmr) on the conjugative plasmid pbem10 previously has been shown to be on a mobile element. in the current study, this element, termed tn5281, was shown to relocate in the absence of homologous recombination in e. faecalis uv202. on the basis of restriction endonuclease analysis and dna-dna hybridization studies, tn5281 was shown to be similar, if not identical, to the gmr transposons tn4001 found in australian iso ... | 1991 | 1656854 |
| transposon mutagenesis in staphylococcus epidermidis using the enterococcus faecalis transposon tn917. | we transformed a clinical staphylococcus epidermidis isolate with the enterococcus faecalis transposon tn917-carrying plasmid ptv1. loss of plasmid replication was observed at 47 degrees c. tn917 transposes efficiently and apparently randomly. the transposition frequency could be stimulated by erythromycin. transposon mutagenesis in s. epidermidis provides a means for genetic study of the various virulence factors of this pathogen. | 1991 | 1657700 |
| an integrative vector exploiting the transposition properties of tn1545 for insertional mutagenesis and cloning of genes from gram-positive bacteria. | we have constructed and used an integrative vector, pat112, that takes advantage of the transposition properties (integration and excision) of transposon tn1545. this 4.9-kb plasmid is composed of: (i) the replication origin of pacyc184; (ii) the attachment site (att) of tn1545; (iii) erythromycin-and kanamycin-resistance-encoding genes for selection in gram- and gram+ bacteria; and (iv) the transfer origin of incp plasmid rk2, which allows mobilization of the vector from escherichia coli to var ... | 1991 | 1657722 |
| conjugative transfer of tn916 in enterococcus faecalis: trans activation of homologous transposons. | tn916 [carries tet(m)] is a 16.4-kb conjugative transposon that can establish itself in multiple copies in enterococcus faecalis. to study the interaction of coresident homologous transposons during conjugation, an e. faecalis mutant defective in homologous recombination was utilized for construction of strains harboring tn916 delta e (a derivative in which erm is substituted for tet) on the chromosome and tn916 on a nonconjugative plasmid. when these strains were used as donors, the two transpo ... | 1991 | 1657880 |
| insertion of tn916 into bacillus pumilus plasmid pmgd302 and evidence for plasmid transfer by conjugation. | as part of an effort to develop systems for genetic analysis of strains of bacillus pumilus which are being used as a microbial hay preservative, we introduced the conjugative enterococcus faecalis transposon tn916 into b. pumilus atcc 1 and two naturally occurring hay isolates of b. pumilus. b. pumilus transconjugants resistant to tetracycline were detected at a frequency of approximately 6.5 x 10(-7) per recipient after filter mating with e. faecalis cg110. southern hybridization confirmed the ... | 1991 | 1658832 |
| pharmacodynamics of daptomycin and vancomycin on enterococcus faecalis and staphylococcus aureus demonstrated by studies of initial killing and postantibiotic effect and influence of ca2+ and albumin on these drugs. | the pharmacodynamics of daptomycin and vancomycin on enterococcus faecalis atcc 29212 and staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923 were investigated by studying the postantibiotic effect (pae) and initial killing. the influence of ca2+ and albumin on these drugs was also evaluated. the pae was studied by use of bioluminescence assay of bacterial atp. daptomycin at clinically achievable concentrations produced a dose-dependent pae on e. faecalis (0.6 to 6.7 h) and s. aureus (1.0 to 6.3 h). the long pae o ... | 1991 | 1659305 |
| cloning and nucleotide base sequence analysis of a spectinomycin adenyltransferase aad(9) determinant from enterococcus faecalis. | enterococcus faecalis ldr55, a human clinical isolate, is resistant to tetracycline (tcr), erythromycin (emr), and high levels (greater than 2,000 micrograms/ml) of spectinomycin (spr) but not streptomycin. filter matings between strain ldr55 and e. faecalis og1-rf produced transconjugants with the following resistance phenotypes: tcr emr spr, tcr emr, tcr spr, and tcr only but never emr or spr only. the genetic determinant encoding resistance to spectinomycin was cloned in streptococcus sanguis ... | 1991 | 1659306 |
| nonoxynol-9: differential antibacterial activity and enhancement of bacterial adherence to vaginal epithelial cells. | the antibacterial activity and adherence-enhancing effects of nonoxynol-9 were evaluated against vaginal and uropathogenic bacteria. nonoxynol-9 was markedly less active against the 43 uropathogenic bacterial and yeast strains tested (mic90, greater than 32%) than against the 26 gardnerella vaginalis strains (mic90, less than or equal to 0.015%) and the 53 lactobacillus strains (mic90, 8%) tested. hydrogen peroxide-producing strains of lactobacillus were more susceptible to nonoxynol-9 (mic90, 4 ... | 1991 | 1659602 |
| transposon tn916 mutagenesis in clostridium botulinum. | the study of toxinogenesis and other properties in clostridium botulinum is limited by the absence of genetic methods that enable construction of defined mutants. in this study, tetracycline-resistant transposon tn916 in enterococcus faecalis was conjugatively transferred in filter matings to group i clostridium botulinum strains hall a and 113b. the tn916 transfer frequencies to c. botulinum ranged from 10(-8) to 10(-5) tcr transconjugant per recipient depending on the donor strain. southern bl ... | 1991 | 1660696 |
| effects of a microbial inoculant and(or) sugarcane molasses on the fermentation, aerobic stability, and digestibility of bermudagrass ensiled at two moisture contents. | tifton 81 bermudagrass was harvested and ensiled either directly (d; 32.4% dm) or wilted (w; 44.1% dm). four treatments applied to each harvesting method were 1) control (c), or no additive; 2) dried cane molasses (m) at 5% of dm; 3) microbial inoculant (i; pioneer 1174); and 4) a combination of treatments 2 and 3 (mi). wilting reduced the rate of decline of silage ph (p = .001) and produced silages with greater lactic acid concentrations (p = .069), lower acetic acid (p = .001) and ammonia cont ... | 1991 | 1661282 |
| a phase variation event that activates conjugation functions encoded by the enterococcus faecalis plasmid pad1. | enterococcus faecalis cells carrying the conjugative plasmid pad1 undergo several related changes when induced by the sex pheromone cad1. included are the production of novel surface proteins, the formation of cellular aggregates in broth cultures, the ability to transfer the plasmid at high frequency in broth matings, and the change from a soft to a "dry" colony morphology. spontaneous, constitutively dry colony (dryc) variants of e. faecalis (pad1) were found to arise at a frequency of 10(-4)- ... | 1991 | 1661426 |
| characterization of a region of the enterococcus faecalis plasmid pam beta 1 which enhances the segregational stability of pam beta 1-derived cloning vectors in bacillus subtilis. | the nucleotide sequence of a 2.13-kb ecori-hindiii, pam beta 1-derived fragment, isolated from the gram-positive cloning vector phv1431, has been determined and shown to encode two orfs. orf h encodes for a protein of 23,930 da which exhibits substantial homology to bacterial site-specific recombinases, particularly the resolvases of the gram-positive transposons tn917 (30.3% identity) and tn552 (31.6% identity) and the clostridial plasmid pip404 (27.1% identity). the second orf (i) is incomplet ... | 1991 | 1661428 |
| [an electron microscopic study of the interaction of bacterial intestinal microflora and rotavirus virions]. | transmission electron microscopy has revealed the capacity of rotaviruses for adsorption on escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis cells and the absence of such capacity with respect to enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus casei and edwardsiella tarda. different degrees and a varying character of the adsorption of rotaviruses by the representatives of the opportunistic group of bacteria have been established, which may aggravate the course of rotavirus diarrhea due to the agg ... | 1991 | 1661985 |
| [effect of sparfloxacin on fecal microflora and its fecal concentration in patients with bacillary dysentery]. | the effect of sparfloxacin (spfx) on fecal microflora and its fecal concentrations were examined in four patients and one carrier with bacillary dysentery. spex was administered to five cases with a daily dose of 200 mg, once a day, for five days after breakfast. the results were as follows: escherichia coli, a main bacterium in enterobacteriaceae, was not detected during the drug administration, except one from whose feces mucoid type of e. coli was found all the time, and the colony forming un ... | 1991 | 1662252 |
| treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis with temafloxacin. | in an open multicenter study [corrected], 112 male patients (mean age 47.1 years) with documented symptomatic chronic bacterial prostatitis were treated with oral temafloxacin 400 mg b.i.d. for 28 days. urine and prostatic secretions were obtained for culture and susceptibility testing, and clinical signs and symptoms were evaluated at day 14 as well as 5-9 days and 26-30 days post-treatment. the most frequently isolated pretreatment pathogens (n = 97) were 36 strains (38%) of escherichia coli a ... | 1991 | 1662884 |
| in vitro activity of temafloxacin against gram-positive cocci including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | published reports on the in vitro activity of temafloxacin indicate its activity against gram-positive cocci is equal to or slightly greater than that of ciprofloxacin, and generally twofold greater than that of ofloxacin. the few ciprofloxacin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains reported were also resistant to temafloxacin. because temafloxacin achieves higher plasma and tissue levels than ciprofloxacin, greater differences between minimal inhibitory concentrations and tissue levels occur w ... | 1991 | 1662886 |
| chromosomal integration of plasmid dna by homologous recombination in enterococcus faecalis and lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis hosts harboring tn919. | integration of pci192, a pbr322-derived vector plasmid containing homology to the chromosomally located conjugative transposon tn919 was observed in two strains that harbor tn919, namely, enterococcus faecalis gf590 and lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ch919. hybridization analysis indicated that single-copy integration of the plasmid had occurred at low frequency. the tn919::plasmid structure was conjugated from an e. faecalis donor to a l. lactis recipient, although at lower frequencies than w ... | 1991 | 1662938 |
| conjugal transfer of tn916, tn916 delta e, and pam beta 1 from enterococcus faecalis to butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strains. | anaerobic filter matings of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens h17c, cf3, d1, or gs113, representing different dna relatedness groups, were done with enterococcus faecalis cg110, which contains chromosomally inserted tn916. tetracycline-resistant transconjugants were obtained with each mating pair at average frequencies of 4.4 x 10(-6) (per recipient) and 5.2 x 10(-6) (per donor). the transfer frequencies of tn916 into b. fibrisolvens varied 5- to 10-fold with mating time, strain, and growth stage. by us ... | 1991 | 1662939 |
| introduction of tn916 and pam beta 1 into streptococcus bovis jb1 by conjugation. | the transposon tn916 and self-mobilizing plasmid pam beta 1 were conjugated from enterococcus faecalis to the ruminal bacterium streptococcus bovis jb1. transconjugants were identified by resistance to tetracycline (tn916) or erythromycin (pam beta 1) and by southern hybridization analyses. transfer frequencies were 7.0 x 10(-6) and 1.0 x 10(-6) per recipient cell for tn916 and pam beta 1, respectively. the transconjugants jb1/tn916 and jb1/pam beta 1 were used as donors for matings with e. faec ... | 1991 | 1662940 |
| an assessment of temafloxacin in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis. | based on its in-vitro activity against the majority of organisms associated with bacterial prostatitis and its excellent penetration into prostatic tissue, prostatic secretions and seminal fluid, temafloxacin appears to be a suitable agent for the treatment of prostatic infections. the efficacy and safety of temafloxacin 400 mg bd for 28 days were assessed in 61 patients from ten centres in germany with symptomatic bacterial prostatitis diagnosed by segmented localizing cultures. urine and prost ... | 1991 | 1664834 |
| in-vitro activity of temafloxacin for gram-positive pathogens. | the antimicrobial activity of temafloxacin against aerobic gram-positive cocci was compared to that of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, fleroxacin and pefloxacin using the broth microdilution technique. temafloxacin was more active than the other four fluoroquinolones, particularly for viridans streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae. the mic90 of temafloxacin was at least four-fold lower than that of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin for viridans streptococci and penicillin-susceptible pneumococci. the mi ... | 1991 | 1664835 |
| in vitro activity of sparfloxacin and six reference antibiotics against gram-positive bacteria. | the in vitro activity of sparfloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, was assessed against 234 gram-positive bacterial isolates by agar dilution (10(4) cfu/spot). sparfloxacin activity was compared with that of ciprofloxacin and five other antibiotics. sparfloxacin was the most active drug tested against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (mic90, 0.125-0.25 mg/l). sparfloxacin was also the most active drug tested against ente ... | 1991 | 1665123 |
| in vitro activity of sparfloxacin (ci-978, at-4140, and pd 131501). a quinolone with high activity against gram-positive bacteria. | sparfloxacin (ci-978, at-4140 and pd 131501) is a new antimicrobial agent of the piperazinyl quinolone class. relative to other quinolones, it is a potent antistaphylococcal and antistreptococcal drug in vitro: the microbroth 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (mic90) (in microgram/ml) was 0.25 vs 26 methicillin-resistant and -sensitive coagulase-positive and -negative staphylococci and 20 streptococcus pneumoniae; 0.5 vs 20 strains each of s. pyogenes, s. agalactiae, and enterococcus faecalis ... | 1991 | 1665775 |
| bactericidal activity of daptomycin against vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model. | a dynamic in vitro model was used to determine the killing kinetics of daptomycin against 15 vancomycin-resistant clinical isolates of enterococcus faecium. concentration profiles simulating those observed in serum following administration of both low-dose (2 mg/kg) and high-dose (6 mg/kg) daptomycin were bactericidal within 5.5 and 2.8 h, respectively. in contrast, when albumin was added to the growth medium, the corresponding bacterial killing times were slowed to greater than 24 h and 7 h; th ... | 1991 | 1666362 |
| [in vitro bactericidal effect of temafloxacin and tosufloxacin against streptococci]. | tosufloxacin tosylate (tosu) and temafloxacin hydrochloride (tema) were tested in vitro against 248 clinical isolates of various species of streptococci recovered in a hospital microbiology laboratory (bellevue regional teaching hospital). species included s. pneumoniae (n = 20), group a streptococci (n = 22), group b streptococci (n = 30), group g streptococci (n = 17), group d s. bovis (n = 19), enterococcus faecium (n = 45), enterococcus faecalis (n = 28), s. sanguis (n = 21), s. milleri (n = ... | 1991 | 1666667 |
| [in vitro effect of new fluoroquinolones and betalactamines combinations against enterococci]. | combinations of one of the new fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, temafloxacin or tosufloxacin) with a betalactam (amoxicillin, piperacillin, or imipenem) were tested in vitro using the checkboard method against 28 strains of streptococcus faecalis recovered in 1990 from a variety of specimens. no instance of antagonism (fic greater than 2) was recorded. effects of the two agents were usually additive (0.5 less than fic less than or equal to 1). an indifferent effect (1 less than fic less than or ... | 1991 | 1666668 |
| a host factor absent from lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis mg1363 is required for conjugative transposition. | in matings between lactococcus lactis strains, the conjugative transposons tn916 and tn919 are found in the chromosome of the transconjugants in the same place as in the chromosome of the donor, indicating that no transposition has occurred. in agreement with this, the frequency of l. lactis transconjugants from intraspecies matings is the same whether the donor contains the wild-type form of the transposon or the mutant tn916-int1, which has an insertion in the transposon's integrase gene. howe ... | 1991 | 1667220 |
| [bacteremia caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecalis. report of 2 cases]. | the rising concern about nosocomial bacteremia due to vancomycin-resistant e. faecalis in spanish hospitals. retrospective review of the medical records of two patients with nosocomial bacteremia due to e. faecalis resistant to vancomycin. both patients (a 78 years-old male and a 65 years-old female) were admitted in two separate hospital units. none of them had been previously treated with vancomycin, and both patients had severe underlying diseases. the two strains isolated showed high-level v ... | 1991 | 1668361 |
| comparative analysis of enterococcus faecalis sex pheromone plasmids identifies a single homologous dna region which codes for aggregation substance. | an analysis of the 11 known sex pheromone plasmids of enterococcus faecalis was performed by dna-dna hybridization. plasmids pad1, pjh2, and pbem10 turned out to be closely related, whereas pam373 showed only weak homology with pad1. a comparison of the hemolysin/bacteriocin determinants of pad1, pjh2, and pob1 revealed strong similarities at the dna level. our main finding was that one dna region is conserved among all sex pheromone plasmids, with pam373 again being an exception; for pad1 this ... | 1991 | 1673459 |
| enterococcus faecium with high-level resistance to gentamicin. | | 1991 | 1674341 |
| resistance of enterococcus faecium to vancomycin and gentamicin. | | 1991 | 1675750 |
| enterococcus faecium with high-level resistance to gentamicin. | | 1991 | 1676818 |
| enterococcus faecium with high-level resistance to gentamicin. | | 1991 | 1678103 |
| cloning, sequencing, and expression in escherichia coli of a streptococcus faecalis autolysin. | a streptococcus faecalis genomic bank was obtained by partial digestion with mboi and cloning into the sali restriction site of ptz18r. screening of about 60,000 escherichia coli transformants for cell wall lysis activity was done by exposing recombinant colonies grown on medium containing lyophilized micrococcus lysodeikticus cells to chloroform and toluene vapors in order to release proteins. because this procedure provoked cell death, colonies could not be used directly for transformant recov ... | 1991 | 1679432 |
| the evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity on hands and its clinical relevance. | a model for evaluation of the residual activity of agents used for hygienic hand disinfection, which relates closely to the "in-use" setting, is described. we looked for residual activity following hand disinfection by a standard method with soap and water and four skin disinfectants in common use. two test organisms known to have caused cross-infection and having clinically-significant antibiotic resistance were used: a strain of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium and one of gentamicin-m ... | 1991 | 1679443 |
| enterococcus faecium with high-level resistance to gentamicin. | | 1991 | 1679899 |
| recurrent abdominal pain caused by a toothpick in a capd patient. | a 27-year-old patient on capd presented with febrile illness and abdominal pain suggestive of peritonitis. dialysis fluid culture yielded enterococcus. response to treatment was slow, with pain persisting. laparotomy revealed a toothpick, which was causing peritoneal irritation. it was unclear how the foreign object entered the peritoneum. | 1991 | 1680466 |