| reverse vaccinology as an approach for developing histophilus somni vaccine candidates. | histophilosis of cattle is caused by the gram negative bacterial pathogen histophilus somni (h. somni) which is also associated with the bovine respiratory disease (brd) complex. existing vaccines for h. somni include either killed cells or bacteria-free outer membrane proteins from the organism which have proven to be moderately successful. in this study, reverse vaccinology was used to predict potential h. somni vaccine candidates from genome sequences. in turn, these may protect animals again ... | 2015 | 26460173 |
| identification of immunodominant proteins from mannheimia haemolytica and histophilus somni by an immunoproteomic approach. | mannheimia haemolytica and histophilus somni are frequently isolated from diseased cattle with bovine respiratory disease (brd). they compromise animal lung function and the immune responses generated are not sufficient to limit infection. identification of specific immunogenic antigens for vaccine development represents a great challenge. immunogenic proteins were identified by immunoproteomic approach with sera from cattle immunized with a commercial cellular vaccine of m. haemolytica and h. s ... | 2015 | 26424916 |
| a literature review of antimicrobial resistance in pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease. | the objective of this paper was to perform a critical review of the literature as it pertains to the current status of antimicrobial resistance in pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease (brd) in beef cattle and to provide a concise yet informative narrative on the most relevant publications available. as such, the scientific literature contained in pubmed, agricola, and cab were searched in february of 2014 for articles related to susceptibility testing of mannheimia haemolytica, p ... | 2015 | 26373635 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of histophilus somni isolated from clinically affected cattle in australia. | this study investigated antimicrobial resistance traits, clonal relationships and epidemiology of histophilus somni isolated from clinically affected cattle in queensland and new south wales, australia. isolates (n = 53) were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing against six antimicrobial agents (ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, tetracycline, tilmicosin and tulathromycin) using disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) assays. clonal relationships were assessed u ... | 2015 | 25592262 |
| mutations in the major outer membrane protein gene from histophilus somni by an allelic exchange method. | functional roles of the major outer membrane protein (momp) gene from the bovine pathogen histophilus somni have remained to be elucidated due to lack of mutagenesis methods easily applicable to this gene. in this study, the direct use of pcr-amplified mutated dna flanking by an antibiotic selection marker for transformation of h. somni was applied to accomplish the site-directed mutagenesis via homologous recombination in h. somni non-pathogenic strain 129pt and pathogenic strain 2336. a protoc ... | 2014 | 25173953 |
| detection of antibodies to the biofilm exopolysaccharide of histophilus somni following infection in cattle by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect bovine antibodies to histophilus somni exopolysaccharide (eps), which is created during biofilm formation. when an index value of 0.268 was used, the sensitivity of the assay for infected calves was 90.5% at 3 weeks postinfection, but the number of positive animals increased by week 4. the specificity of the assay for healthy calves was 92.5%. the eps elisa may aid in identifying calves with h. somni diseases. | 2014 | 25143338 |
| histophilus somni is a potential threat to beef cattle feedlots in brazil. | | 2014 | 25013084 |
| investigation of polymerase chain reaction assays to improve detection of bacterial involvement in bovine respiratory disease. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) causes severe economic losses to the cattle farming industry worldwide. the major bacterial organisms contributing to the brd complex are mannheimia haemolytica, histophilus somni, mycoplasma bovis, pasteurella multocida, and trueperella pyogenes. the postmortem detection of these organisms in pneumonic lung tissue is generally conducted using standard culture-based techniques where the presence of therapeutic antibiotics in the tissue can inhibit bacterial isola ... | 2014 | 25012080 |
| treatment of naturally occurring bovine respiratory disease in juvenile calves with a single administration of a florfenicol plus flunixin meglumine formulation. | the efficacy and safety of a florfenicol plus flunixin meglumine formulation in the treatment of respiratory disease was evaluated in calves less than six weeks of age, compared with a positive control group treated with a well-established florfenicol formulation. a total of 210 calves, selected from nine sites in belgium, france and spain, showing severe signs of respiratory disease, were randomly assigned to treatment with either florfenicol plus flunixin meglumine (resflor; msd animal health) ... | 2014 | 24603464 |
| microbial diversity in uterus of healthy and metritic postpartum holstein dairy cows. | clone library of bacterial 16s rrna gene was constructed to evaluate the bacterial diversity and community structure of uterus samples obtained from three postpartum healthy cows and three metritic cows on days 10 and 40. sequences were assigned to five major groups (bacteroidetes, firmicutes, fusobacteria, proteobacteria, and tenericutes) and to an uncultured group. on day 10, bacteroidetes, firmicutes, and fusobacteria were the dominant group both in healthy and metritic cows. on day 40, the m ... | 2013 | 23585284 |
| antimicrobial multidrug resistance and coresistance patterns of mannheimia haemolytica isolated from bovine respiratory disease cases--a three-year (2009-2011) retrospective analysis. | bovine respiratory disease continues to be the most important ailment of feed yard cattle. while the disease is multifactorial in nature, therapy continues to target the primary bacterial pathogens, mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and histophilus somni. a survey of records from a single diagnostic laboratory was conducted to evaluate the percentage of m. haemolytica isolates that were resistant to multiple antimicrobials and if coresistance patterns could be detected. all suscepti ... | 2013 | 23572456 |
| histophilus somni causes extracellular trap formation by bovine neutrophils and macrophages. | histophilus somni (formerly haemophilus somnus) is a gram-negative pleomorphic coccobacillus that causes respiratory, reproductive, cardiac and neuronal diseases in cattle. h. somni is a member of the bovine respiratory disease complex that causes severe bronchopneumonia in cattle. previously, it has been reported that bovine neutrophils and macrophages have limited ability to phagocytose and kill h. somni. recently, it was discovered that bovine neutrophils and macrophages produce extracellular ... | 2013 | 23022668 |
| a ten-year (2000-2009) study of antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria that cause bovine respiratory disease complex--mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and histophilus somni--in the united states and canada. | bovine isolates of mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and histophilus somni, collected from 2000 to 2009, were tested for in vitro susceptibility to ceftiofur, penicillin, danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, tetracycline, tilmicosin, and tulathromycin. ceftiofur remained very active against all isolates. penicillin retained good activity against p. multocida and h. somni isolates with no appreciable changes in susceptibility or minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) distribution ... | 2012 | 22914822 |
| decoration of histophilus somni lipooligosaccharide with n-acetyl-5-neuraminic acid enhances bacterial binding of complement factor h and resistance to killing by serum and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | the incorporation of n-acetyl-5-neuraminic acid (neu5ac), or sialic acid, onto surface components of some bacterial species may enhance their virulence. we have previously shown that neu5ac can be incorporated onto the lipooligosaccharide (los) of the bovine pathogen histophilus somni, resulting in diminished antibody binding and enhanced serum resistance (inzana et al., 2002. infect. immun. 70, 4870). in the present study, we assessed the effect of sialylation of h. somni los on the interaction ... | 2012 | 22868182 |
| inhibition of in vitro histophilus somni biofilm production by recombinant hsp60 antibodies. | histophilus somni is an opportunistic pathogen causing respiratory, genitourinary and generalized infections in cattle. an important virulence factor is its ability to produce a biofilm. the aim of this work was to confirm that h. somni hsp60 (gro-el) is a constituent of the biofilm produced by this bacterium in vitro and to check whether or not the presence of a specific antibody within the culture medium can inhibit biofilm production. biofilm production by h. somni cultured in vitro was confi ... | 2012 | 22844717 |
| antibody responses of calves to histophilus somni recombinant ibpa subunits. | histophilus somni causes bovine pneumonia and septicemia, but protective immune responses are not well understood and immunodiagnostic methods are not well defined. we previously showed that antibody to a new virulence factor, ibpa, neutralizes cytotoxicity and immunization with a recombinant ibpa domain protects calves against experimental h. somni pneumonia. to further define immune responses to ibpa, we determined isotypic serum antibody responses to three ibpa domains (ibpa3, an n-terminal c ... | 2012 | 22554920 |
| evidence-based effectiveness of vaccination against mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and histophilus somni in feedlot cattle for mitigating the incidence and effect of bovine respiratory disease complex. | bovine respiratory disease complex is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in feedlot cattle. a number of vaccines against bacterial respiratory pathogens are commercially available and researchers have studied their impact on morbidity, mortality, and other disease outcome measures in feedlot cattle. a systematic review will provide veterinarians with a rigorous and transparent evaluation of the published literature to estimate the extent of vaccine effect. unfortunately, the published ... | 2012 | 22374120 |
| evaluation of a multiplex real-time pcr for detection of four bacterial agents commonly associated with bovine respiratory disease in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. | pasteurella multocida, mannheimia haemolytica, histophilus somni and trueperella pyogenes are four bacterial agents commonly associated with bovine respiratory disease (brd). in this study a bacterial multiplex real-time pcr (the respocheck pcr) was evaluated for the detection in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) of these four bacterial agents. | 2017 | 28705198 |
| antimicrobial activity of bovine nk-lysin-derived peptides on bovine respiratory pathogen histophilus somni. | bovine nk-lysins, which are functionally and structurally similar to human granulysin and porcine nk-lysin, are predominantly found in the granules of cytotoxic t-lymphocytes and nk-cells. although antimicrobial activity of bovine nk-lysin has been assessed for several bacterial pathogens, not all the important bacterial pathogens that are involved in the bovine respiratory disease complex have been studied. therefore the objective of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity ... | 2017 | 28827826 |
| whole-genome sequencing and concordance between antimicrobial susceptibility genotypes and phenotypes of bacterial isolates associated with bovine respiratory disease. | extended laboratory culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing timelines hinder rapid species identification and susceptibility profiling of bacterial pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease, the most prevalent cause of cattle mortality in the united states. whole genome sequencing offers a culture-independent alternative to current bacterial identification methods but requires a library of bacterial reference genomes for comparison. to contribute new bacterial genome assembli ... | 2017 | 28739600 |
| pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation of marbofloxacin as a single injection for pasteurellaceae respiratory infections in cattle using population pharmacokinetics and monte carlo simulations. | population pharmacokinetic of marbofloxacin was investigated with 52 plasma concentration-time profiles obtained after intramuscular administration of forcyl® in cattle. animal's status, pre-ruminant, ruminant, or dairy cow, was retained as a relevant covariate for clearance. monte carlo simulations were performed using a stratification by status, and 1000 virtual disposition curves were generated in each bovine subpopulation for the recommended dosage regimen of 10 mg/kg as a single injection. ... | 2017 | 28542866 |
| a deep nasopharyngeal swab versus nonendoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage for isolation of bacterial pathogens from preweaned calves with respiratory disease. | nonendoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) is a practical alternative for a deep nasopharyngeal swab (dns) to sample the airways of a large number of calves in a short period of time. the extent of commensal overgrowth and agreement of bal with dns culture results in preweaned calves are unknown. | 2017 | 28425146 |
| expression of histophilus somni ibpa dr2 protective antigen in the diatom thalassiosira pseudonana. | increasing demand for the low-cost production of valuable proteins has stimulated development of novel expression systems. many challenges faced by existing technology may be overcome by using unicellular microalgae as an expression platform due to their ability to be cultivated rapidly, inexpensively, and in large scale. diatoms are a particularly productive type of unicellular algae showing promise as production organisms. here, we report the development of an expression system in the diatom t ... | 2017 | 28405704 |