| comparison of the nucleoside sequence of trpa and sequences immediately beyond the trp operon of klebsiella aerogenes. salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli. | the nucleotide sequence of trpa of klebsiella aerogenes is presented and compared with the trpa sequences of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli. the majority of the approximately 200 differences between each pair of trpa's are single nucleotide pair changes that do not alter the amino acid sequence. codon usage conforms to the general patterns revealed by examination of other prokaryotic gene sequences. however, codon usage in k. aerogenes trpa reflects the high g+c content of the genom ... | 1981 | 6262736 |
| purification and properties of d-ribulokinase and d-xylulokinase from klebsiella aerogenes. | the d-ribulokinase and d-xylulokinase of klebsiella aerogenes were purified to homogeneity from escherichia coli k12 construct strains that synthesized these enzymes constitutively. the d-ribulokinase, which is encoded in the ribitol operon, is active as a dimer of 60 000 subunit mol.wt., whereas the d-xylulokinase, which is encoded in the d-arabitol operon, is active as a dimer of 54 000 subunit mol.wt. the amino acid compositions and n-terminal sequences of both pentulokinases are reported. th ... | 1981 | 6272710 |
| structure of an experimentally evolved gene duplication encoding ribitol dehydrogenase in a mutant of klebsiella aerogenes. | we have previously described a system of experimental evolution in which many of the mutants of klebsiella aerogenes selected for faster growth on xylitol ('evolvants') synthesized elevated levels of ribitol dehydrogenase and have presented genetic evidence implicating gene duplication in the enzyme superproduction in some of the evolvants. here we describe a physical approach to the screening for gene duplications and subsequent structure determination. nick-translated, cloned ribitol operon (r ... | 1981 | 6275000 |
| characterization of 3': 5' -cyclic amp phosphodiesterase in klebsiella aerogenes and its role in substrate-accelerated death. | cyclic amp phosphodiesterase in klebsiella aerogenes is a soluble cytoplasmic enzyme with an apparent km of 0.9 mm and a ph optimum of 7.0. it was inhibited by edta, mg2+ and other metal ions. the enzyme activity was inhibited or activated by some nucleotides but not by any metabolite except pyruvate. it was inhibited by the methylxanthines, caffeine, theophylline and methylisobutylxanthine. during starvation or substrate-accelerated death, the enzyme activity remained essentially constant. it i ... | 1981 | 6275001 |
| histamine-producing bacteria in decomposing skipjack tuna (katsuwonus pelamis). | spoilage in skipjack tuna (katsuwonus pelamis) was studied under controlled conditions by incubating whole, fresh fish in seawater at 38 degrees c, the optimum temperature for histamine formation. bacterial isolates were obtained from the loin tissue of a decomposing tuna containing 134 mg of histamine per 100 g and a total anaerobic count of 3.5 x 10(5)/g after incubation for 24 h. over 92% of the 134 isolates obtained were facultatively or obligately anaerobic bacteria. eighteen isolates produ ... | 1982 | 6289747 |
| chromosomal replication origins (oric) of enterobacter aerogenes and klebsiella pneumoniae are functional in escherichia coli. | the chromosomal dna replication origins (oric) from two members of the family enterobacteriaceae, enterobacter aerogenes and klebsiella pneumoniae, have been isolated as functional replication origins in escherichia coli. the origins in the sali restriction fragments of 17.5 and 10.2 kilobase pairs, cloned from e. aerogenes and k. pneumoniae, respectively, were found to be between the asna and uncb genes, as are the origins of the e. coli and salmonella typhimurium chromosomes. plasmids containi ... | 1982 | 6292170 |
| [study of intravenous cefotaxime therapy in neonates]. | it has been proven that, when cephem group antibiotics are administered intravenously to neonates, the peak serum level of the drug is higher, and the half-life is longer, compared with the values attained in suckling infants. the same pattern is seen even with cefmetazole. this is, the post- and perinatal period research group recently reported that, when 20 mg/kg of cefmetazole was administered intravenously, the mean serum half-life of the drug was 4.18 hours in infants up to 3 days after bir ... | 1982 | 6294357 |
| eaei: a restriction endonuclease from enterobacter aerogenes. | we describe the isolation and characterization of a type ii restriction endonuclease from enterobacter aerogenes. this recognises and cleaves the family of related sequences: 5'-py-g-g-c-c-pu-3' to generate dna fragments with 5'-tetranucleotide extensions. eaei may be useful in molecular cloning experiments, especially in conjunction with other enzymes which generate the same terminal extensions. potential problems in the methods used to determine the cleavage specificity are discussed. | 1983 | 6301886 |
| cefotetan: antimicrobial activity in-vitro compared with that of cefotaxime. | the antimicrobial activity of cefotetan and cefotaxime were compared in vitro against 547 strains of aerobes and 24 strains of bacteroides fragilis. the strains were recent clinical isolates from 20 hospitals. cefotetan was found to exhibit an activity two- to fourfold lower than that of cefotaxime against most of the enterobacteriaceae. about half the number of enterobacter aerogenes and enterobacter cloacae strains resistant to cefotetan were resistant also to cefotaxime. cefotetan was more ac ... | 1983 | 6302064 |
| 5-methylthioribose kinase (enterobacter aerogenes). | | 1983 | 6312270 |
| a restriction enzyme cleavage map of the histidine utilization (hut) genes of klebsiella aerogenes and deletions lacking regions of hut dna. | the histidine utilization (hut) operons of klebsiella aerogenes were cloned into pbr322. the hut genes are wholly contained on a 7.9 kilobase pair fragment bounded by hindiii restriction sites and expression of hut is independent of the orientation of the fragment with respect to pbr322. a restriction map locating the 27 cleavage sites within hut for the enzymes, hindiii, pvuii, sali, bglii, kpni, psti, smai, avai, and bamhi was deduced. several of the cleavage sites for the enzymes haeiii and h ... | 1984 | 6318054 |
| survey, purification, and properties of sugar phosphate phosphohydrolase among microorganisms. | sugar phosphate phosphohydrolase was purified approximately 500- to 600-fold to apparent homogeneity from escherichia coli b, escherichia coli c, escherichia coli var. communior, escherichia acidilactici, enterobacter aerogenes, neisseria meningitidis, and saccharomyces cereviseae. the molecular weights of the enzyme as estimated by gel filtration ranged from 97 x 10(3) to 101 x 10(3). the enzyme was composed of two subunits with the same molecular weight which ranged from 50 x 10(3) to 52 x 10( ... | 1983 | 6322944 |
| antibacterial activity and kill kinetics of ampicillin/sulbactam (cp-45899) combinations against escherichia coli and klebsiella aerogenes. | combinations of ampicillin and sulbactam (cp-45899) were tested against 11 strains of escherichia coli and five strains of klebsiella aerogenes. with the exception of one e. coli, strain, the strains were all highly resistant to ampicillin. synergy was demonstrated by agar dilution in six of the ten resistant e. coli strains and in three of the five k. aerogenes strains. at simulated in vivo conditions with constantly decreasing concentrations mimicking in vivo pharmacokinetics, synergy was dete ... | 1984 | 6323321 |
| plasmid- and chromosome-coded aerobactin synthesis in enteric bacteria: insertion sequences flank operon in plasmid-mediated systems. | large plasmids were detected in two aerobactin-producing enteric bacterial species (aerobacter aerogenes 62-i, salmonella arizona sa1, and s. arizona sl5301) and designated psmn1, psmn2, and psmn3, respectively. other salmonella spp., namely, s. arizona sl5302, s. arizona sls, salmonella austin, and salmonella memphis, formed aerobactin but contained no detectable large plasmids. s. arizona sl5283 made no aerobactin. a probe consisting of the aerobactin biosynthetic genes cloned on plasmid pabn5 ... | 1984 | 6330037 |
| transposon tn5 encodes streptomycin resistance in nonenteric bacteria. | strains of caulobacter crescentus, pseudomonas putida, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, rhizobium meliloti, and rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides carrying the kanamycin resistance-encoding transposon tn5 were 15 to 500 times more resistant to streptomycin than transposon-free strains. the streptomycin resistance determinant, which is separable from the kanamycin resistance determinant of tn5, was not expressed in escherichia coli or klebsiella aerogenes. | 1984 | 6330041 |
| comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fr 17027, a new orally active cephalosporin. | fr 17027, a new orally absorbed cephalosporin ester, inhibited group a and b streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than or equal to 0.1 micrograms/ml, which is similar to the inhibition concentration of amoxicillin and cefaclor, and was more active than cephalexin. it was less active (mic, 25 micrograms/ml) against staphylococci than was cephalexin, and it did not inhibit streptococcus faecalis or listeria monocytogenes. fr 17027 inhibited beta-lactamase-producing isolates of neisser ... | 1984 | 6333207 |
| [substrate specificity of the beta-lactamases found in a number of clinical strains of gram-negative bacteria]. | the substrate profiles of beta-lactamases defected in 46 clinical polyresistant strains of gram-negative bacteria were determined. by the substrate profile and sensitivity to inhibitors (dicloxacillin and p-cmb) beta-lactamases were considered to belong to classes i, ii, iii, iv and v of the richmond classification. the molecular weights of the enzymes were measured. enterobacter aerogenes 6803, enterobacter aerogenes 11030 and klebsiella pneumoniae 970 produced simultaneously two beta-lactamase ... | 1984 | 6334489 |
| synergism of ps-5 with penicillins and cephalosporins in antimicrobial activity against beta-lactam-resistant gram-negative microorganisms. | the in vitro synergism of ps-5 combined with various penicillins and cephalosporins in antimicrobial activity was examined in detail against beta-lactam-resistant gram-negative bacteria. ps-5 showed a highly significant synergism in antimicrobial action against escherichia coli rgn238 in combination with penicillins; and against proteus vulgaris gn76 and serratia marcescens t55 in combination with cephalosporins. it was moderately synergistic against citrobacter freundii gn346, enterobacter cloa ... | 1984 | 6334679 |
| [isolation and properties of beta-lactamase of the cephalosporinase type from cells of enterobacter aerogenes 6803]. | beta-lastamase with the molecular weight of 32500 was isolated from the cells of clinical strain 6803 of enterobacter aerogenes and purified. by the substrate profile determined microiodometrically beta-lactamase was classified as belonging to the cephalosporinase type. the activity of the electrophoretically homogenous enzyme was equal to 430 microm a minute per mg protein with respect to benzylpenicillin. the km for benzylpenicillin, dicloxacillin, cephaloridin and cephalothin was 6.5410(-5), ... | 1984 | 6335380 |
| recombination-induced suppression of cell division following p1-mediated generalized transduction in klebsiella aerogenes. | klebsiella aerogenes recombinants resulting from bacteriophage p1-mediated generalized transduction failed to increase in number for approximately six generations after transduction. nevertheless these recombinants continued to grow and became sensitive to penicillin after a transient resistance, suggesting that the cells were growing as long, non-dividing filaments. when filamentous cells were isolated from transduced cultures by gradient centrifugation, recombinants were 1000-fold more frequen ... | 1983 | 6343791 |
| gene transfer between escherichia coli and enterobacter aerogenes. | | 1983 | 6343802 |
| discoidin-binding polysaccharide from dictyostelium discoideum. | extracts of dictyostelium discoideum grown axenically in a chemically defined medium were evaluated for binding to discoidin i and discoidin ii, endogenous lectins of this slime mold. binding activity was measured by competitive inhibition of 125i-lactosyl-bovine serum albumin binding to the immobilized lectins. with the solubilization procedure used extracts of vegetative cells and of early aggregates had no significant inhibitory activity, but an abundant discoidin-binding substance was detect ... | 1983 | 6345545 |
| relative substrate affinity index values: a method for identification of beta-lactamase enzymes and prediction of successful beta-lactam therapy. | using a nitrocefin competition assay, i determined the relative substrate affinity index (rsai) values of nine clinically significant beta-lactamase enzymes against a range of beta-lactams. using selected beta-lactam substrates, i observed large differences in the rsai values of the nine enzymes that were sufficient in many cases to positively identify specific enzymes. i made use of the unique rsai values of shv-1, tem-1, and tem-2 beta lactamases with cefoxitin to screen for the presence of th ... | 1983 | 6345576 |
| metabolic and energetic aspects of the growth of klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418 on glucose in anaerobic chemostat culture. | | 1983 | 6347115 |
| s-acylated residues of the acyl-carrier protein subunit of klebsiella aerogenes citrate lyase. | oxidation of the isolated deacetyl acyl-carrier protein subunit of citrate lyase from klebsiella aerogenes with cu2+-o-phenanthroline complex leads exclusively to intrapeptide disulfide bridge formation indicating that the cysteamine and the cysteine residues are located in close proximity. the s-acetylation of the cysteine residue in deacetyl acyl-carrier protein subunit is catalysed by a citrate lyase ligase preparation in presence of acetate and atp. reaction-inactivation of citrate lyase res ... | 1983 | 6349627 |
| evaluation of ceftazidime in the treatment of severe bacterial infection. | we investigated the clinical efficiency and safety of ceftazidime for treatment of 33 episodes of infection in 30 patients (17 males and 13 females), whose ages ranged from 9 to 92 years (mean 52.5). fourteen patients had ultimately fatal disease and the remaining 16 had non-fatal diseases. the clinical condition of patients at the beginning of treatment was critical or poor in 16 cases. episodes of infection treated were: 24 urinary tract infections (eight of them with concomitant bacteraemia), ... | 1983 | 6352616 |
| nitrogen regulation system of klebsiella aerogenes: the nac gene. | in klebsiella aerogenes, the product of a his-linked gene, nac, appears to play a crucial role in tying the synthesis of enzymes activated or repressed by ammonia deprivation, such as histidase and glutamate dehydrogenase, to the known regulators of nitrogen assimilation, the products of glng and glnf. | 1983 | 6352688 |
| regulation of metabolite overproduction in klebsiella aerogenes. | | 1983 | 6353539 |
| [influence of hemolytic plasmids on the development of the "killing" effect in various species of enterobacteria]. | experiments on isogenic strains of different enterobacterial species, both carrying hemolytic plasmids and free from them, have demonstrated that their "killing" effect on mice is linked with the yield of hemolysin and does not depend on the origin of hly plasmids or the chemotype of bacteria. plasmid p ie 567 coding the synthesis of alpha-hemolysin has been shown to be capable of expression in enterobacter aerogenes, hafnia alvei and salmonella typhimurium strains, but e. aerogenes 3/43, h. alv ... | 1983 | 6356727 |
| genetic and physical maps of klebsiella aerogenes genes for histidine utilization (hut). | deletion derivatives of the hut-containing plasmid pcb101 were tested against point mutants defective in individual genes of the histidine utilization (hut) operons using a complementation/recombination assay. location of the genes of the right operon, hutu and huth, was confirmed by direct assay of the gene products, urocanase and histidase; location of the repressor gene was identified by measuring the ability of the plasmid-carried genes to repress the formation of histidase from a chromosoma ... | 1984 | 6361501 |
| molecular characterization of the gene coding for major outer membrane protein ompa from enterobacter aerogenes. | the ompa gene from enterobacter aerogenes was subcloned into a low-copy-number plasmid vector and the resultant plasmid, ptu7en, used to study its expression in escherichia coli k12. although the gene was strongly expressed and large amounts of ompa protein were present in the outer membrane its product was not functionally identical to the e. coli polypeptide. in particular, the e. aerogenes ompa protein was unable to confer sensitivity to ompa-specific phages of e. coli. when the primary struc ... | 1983 | 6363059 |
| assessment of the remanent antibacterial effect of a 2% triclosan-detergent preparation on the skin. | a method of quantifying the remanent antibacterial effect of a 2% triclosan preparation in detergent following three consecutive applications on the forearm of 20 volunteers over 2 h, is described with reference to its efficacy against a gentamicin- and multiply-resistant serotype of klebsiella aerogenes. the relevance of the residual activity of triclosan and other skin antiseptics in surgical and hygienic hand disinfection are discussed. | 1983 | 6363529 |
| antibacterial activity and kill kinetics of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combinations against escherichia coli and klebsiella aerogenes. | combinations of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid were tested against 11 escherichia coli strains and five klebsiella aerogenes strains. apart from one e. coli, the strains were highly resistant to amoxicillin due to beta-lactamase production. synergy was demonstrated in all strains by agar dilution. synergy was detected against the beta-lactamase-producing strains under simulated in vivo conditions with constantly decreasing concentrations simulating in vivo pharmacokinetics. the correlation betw ... | 1983 | 6365790 |
| production of 2,3-butylene glycol from whey by klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter aerogenes. | production of 2,3-butylene glycol from whey with klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter aerogenes was studied. sterilization of the whey was unnecessary. acid whey required neutralization, but sweet whey did not. butylene glycol production was most efficient at 33 degrees c for klebsiella pneumoniae and at 37 degrees c for enterobacter aerogenes. aeration significantly improved yields. klebsiella pneumoniae produced more butylene glycol than did enterobacter aerogenes in unsupplemented whey. the ... | 1983 | 6365989 |
| [pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis: relation between hla-b 27 and klebsiella aerogenes]. | the authors attested the evidence of a cross-reactivity among some klebsiella antigens and hla b 27 positive lymphocytes, suggesting the hypothesis that klebsiella may be an initiating agent in ankylosing spondylitis (as). the authors determined also serum antibody response against klebsiella antigens in as patients. the results obtained are discussed. | 1983 | 6367774 |
| inorganic phosphate accumulation and cadmium detoxification in klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418 growing in continuous culture. | klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418, growing in the presence of cadmium under glucose-, sulfate-, or phosphate-limited conditions in continuous culture, exhibits two different cadmium detoxifying mechanisms. in addition to sulfide formation, increased accumulation of pi is demonstrated as a novel mechanism. intracellular cadmium is always quantitatively counterbalanced by a concerted increase in both inorganic sulfide and pi contents of the cells. this led to the conclusion that production of sulfide ... | 1984 | 6370136 |
| outbreak of co-trimoxazole- and gentamicin-resistant klebsiella aerogenes bacteremia in neutropenic patients receiving oral co-trimoxazole prophylaxis. | over a five-day period, three neutropenic patients developed bacteremia with an identical strain of klebsiella aerogenes (serotype k16) resistant to co-trimoxazole and gentamicin. all three patients had received prophylaxis with oral co-trimoxazole before the onset of bacteremia. this report outlines some of the problems associated with co-trimoxazole prophylaxis. | 1983 | 6372773 |
| 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase of klebsiella pneumoniae. 1. purification and properties. | the shikimate pathway enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (epsp) synthase (3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase, ec 2.5.1.19) has been purified to apparent homogeneity from aerobacter aerogenes, strain 62-1 (= klebsiella pneumoniae atcc 25306). a 3300-fold purification of the enzyme was achieved by ammonium sulfate fractionation, heat precipitation, chromatography on deae-cellulose, sephadex g-75, and cellulose phosphate, and chromatofocusing as the final step. the recovery was 49% ... | 1984 | 6381056 |
| intergeneric homology of the spec gene encoding biosynthetic ornithine decarboxylase in escherichia coli. | a 32p-labeled fragment of dna containing the spec gene, which encodes the biosynthetic enzyme ornithine decarboxylase of escherichia coli, was used as a hybridization probe for homologous sequences in the genomes of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. the spec probe detected homologous sequences in the dna of only four members of the enterobacteriaceae (citrobacter freundii, salmonella typhimurium, klebsiella pneumoniae, and enterobacter aerogenes); no homology was detected with the dna of ... | 1984 | 6384181 |
| enzymatic profiles of enterobacter sakazakii and related species with special reference to the alpha-glucosidase reaction and reproducibility of the test system. | the enzymatic profiles of enterobacter sakazakii, enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, and enterobacter agglomerans were determined with the api zym system (api system s.a., la balme les grottes, france). each assay was performed three times. a simple formula was derived and applied to assess the reproducibility of the api zym tests. in addition, a separate alpha-glucosidase test was performed. all e. sakazakii isolates produced alpha-glucosidase, in contrast to the other enterobacter i ... | 1984 | 6386874 |
| vaccination against klebsiella aerogenes. | klebsiella vaccine was prepared from strains of klebsiella aerogenes with capsular types k1, k36, k44 and k cross (a type which cross-reacts in vitro with sera from many klebsiella capsular types). the vaccine was extracted by dialysis and ultrafiltration from capsular material released during growth of the bacteria in a five-day batch culture. mice given one dose of vaccine from k1a (1.0 microgram/mouse) survived lethal intraperitoneal challenge of 11/11 homologous klebsiella strains four days ... | 1984 | 6389699 |
| influence of nutrient limitation and growth rate on the outer membrane proteins of klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418. | four major proteins with molecular weights of 78 000, 37 000, 34 000 and 20 000 were present in the envelope of klebsiella aerogenes when cultured at a high specific growth rate. however, at lower growth rates, the protein content and composition of the envelope depended on the imposed nutrient limitation. under potassium-, carbon-, sulphur- and phosphorus-limited conditions, derepression of synthesis of limitation-specific proteins was observed, their apparent molecular weights being 90 000, 48 ... | 1984 | 6389768 |
| vaccination against 77 capsular types of klebsiella aerogenes with polyvalent klebsiella vaccines. | a method is described for producing monovalent and polyvalent vaccines from culture filtrates of klebsiella aerogenes. with a single injection, each monovalent vaccine protected mice against lethal intraperitoneal challenge by more than 30 capsular types; and polyvalent vaccines containing 2-12 monovalent components protected against 46-61 of the 77 capsular types of k. aerogenes. one vaccine with 12 components, administered in two doses, induced full protection against 71 types and protected ha ... | 1984 | 6389878 |
| expression and loss of the pbr322 plasmid in klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418, grown in chemostat culture. | klebsiella aerogenes harbouring the plasmid pbr322 was grown in continuous culture at various growth rates under glucose, phosphate or ammonia limitation. with tetracycline in the medium, the maximum culture beta-lactamase activity was found at the higher growth rates. when tetracycline was absent, loss of resistance to the drug occurred. concomitant with the occurrence of drug-sensitive cells, the culture beta-lactamase activity decreased. at the higher growth rates the enzyme activity decrease ... | 1984 | 6395803 |
| [in vivo interferon-inducing capacity of a multibacterial extract: prospective new use]. | we studied ifn inducing ability on syngenic c3h mice of a multibacterial antigenic extract consisting of different strains of following species: staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, aerobacter aerogenes, proteus vulgaris. a dose-dependent ifn production was demonstrated and two peaks of circulating ifn were observed few hours and two days after i.v. inoculation. per os administration only at high doses induced evaluable levels of ifn in the circulation. | 1984 | 6399271 |
| new broad-spectrum cephalosporins with anti-pseudomonal activity. i. synthesis and antibacterial activity of 7 beta-[d-2-[(4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carbonylamino)- and (4-hydroxypyridine-3-carbonylamino)]-2-(4-hydoxyphenyl)acetamido] cephalosporins. | the synthesis and the antibacterial activity of 7 beta-[d-2-[(4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carbonylamino)- and (4-hydroxypyridine-3-carbonylamino)]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]-cephalosporins with various substituents at the 3-position in the cephem nucleus are described. these compounds exhibited strong antibacterial activities against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacter aerogenes, which are insensitive to cefazolin and cefm ... | 1983 | 6409868 |
| new broad-spectrum cephalosporins with anti-pseudomonal activity. iii. synthesis and antibacterial activity of 7 beta-[d-2-(4-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine-3-carbonylamino)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamido]-3-(methyl or substituted methyl)-ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acids. | the influence of various 3-substituents on the antibacterial activity of 7 beta-[d-2-(4-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine-3-carbonylamino)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamido]ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acids (iii) was investigated. introduction of an acidic substituent, such as a sulfo or a carboxyl group, to a 3-(1-methyl-1h-tetrazolyl)thiomethyl substituent (iiif--i) resulted in a marked loss of activity against staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, klebsiel ... | 1983 | 6409870 |
| subunit composition of oxaloacetate decarboxylase and characterization of the alpha chain as carboxyltransferase. | oxaloacetate decarboxylase from klebsiella aerogenes was shown to be composed of three different subunits alpha, beta, gamma with mr 65 000, 34 000 and 12 000, respectively. on dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gels the smallest of these subunits was heavily stained with silver but poorly with coomassie brilliant blue. all three subunits were resolved and clearly detectable by high-performance liquid chromatography in a dodecylsulfate-containing buffer. biotin was localized exclusively in the alpha ... | 1983 | 6418543 |
| extended superfamily of short alcohol-polyol-sugar dehydrogenases: structural similarities between glucose and ribitol dehydrogenases. | the recently determined primary structure of glucose dehydrogenase from bacillus megaterium was scanned by computerized comparisons for similarities with known polyol and alcohol dehydrogenases. the results revealed a highly significant similarity between this glucose dehydrogenase and ribitol dehydrogenase from klebsiella aerogenes. sixty-one positions of the 262 in glucose dehydrogenase are identical between these two proteins (23% identity), fitting into a homology alignment for the complete ... | 1984 | 6420186 |
| distribution and effects of a defined six-member murine-derived microflora in gnotobiotic gerbils. | the gnotobiotic gerbil was selected as a model with which to study the effects of colonization with a defined microflora on organ morphology, histology, and selected blood biochemical parameters. gerbils were maintained germfree for 13 months but failed to reproduce, presumably because of the enlarged cecum. a colony of gnotobiotic gerbils that was associated with a bacterial flora consisting of lactobacillus brevis, streptococcus faecalis, staphylococcus epidermidis, bacteroides vulgatus, enter ... | 1984 | 6426388 |
| the uptake and utilization of entodinium caudatum, bacteria, free amino acids and glucose by the rumen ciliate entodinium bursa. | washed suspensions of entodinium bursa were incubated anaerobically with entodinium caudatum, ten species of bacteria and a yeast. the rate of uptake and digestion of these micro-organisms was investigated. protozoa grown in vivo did not engulf proteus mirabilis or klebsiella aerogenes but rapidly took up bacillus megaterium. selenomonas ruminantium, torulopsis glabrata and streptococcus bovis, although only the last was digested with release of soluble material into the medium. protozoa grown i ... | 1984 | 6427172 |
| an extended model for transfer of micro-organisms via the hands: differences between organisms and the effect of alcohol disinfection. | a model for contact transfer of micro-organisms by hand has been extended to include representatives of bacterial species responsible for a majority of hospital-acquired infections. the ability of the organisms to transfer from contaminated fabrics to hands and from hands to sterile fabrics was measured, as was their ability to survive on the skin of the hands. there were differences between the species. staphylococcus saprophyticus transferred well to the hand but not as well from hand to fabri ... | 1984 | 6429238 |
| stimulation by glutamine of the formation of n6-hydroxylysine in a cell-free extract from aerobacter aerogenes 62-1. | glutamine may serve as an activator and/or regulator of the n6-hydroxylase (e.c. 1.14.99) of aerobacter aerogenes 62-1. activation and stabilization of n6-hydroxylase activity was observed both in vivo and in vitro. growth in a glutamine-supplemented medium resulted in (1) maximum n6-hydroxylase activity at an earlier stage of growth and (2) higher n6-hydroxylase activity and continued aerobactin synthesis into stationary phase. storage of p2 in the presence of l-glutamine (1 mm) significantly i ... | 1984 | 6432805 |
| [transfer of kanamycin resistance among familial strains of enterobacteriaceae isolated from a chronic bacterial carrier of salmonella schottmuelleri]. | escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes and s. schottmuelleri were isolated from the large intestine of a bacteriocarrier. e. coli and e. aerogenes strains proved to be resistant to a number of antibiotics. plasmids were detected in dna preparations obtained from e. coli strains. after the hybridization of these e. coli strains with e. coli c600 5k and s. schottmuelleri at 28 degrees c the transfer of resistance to kanamycin was found to occur. from some of the transconjugates thus obtained res ... | 1984 | 6438967 |
| influence of metabolic end-products on the growth efficiency of klebsiella aerogenes in anaerobic chemostat culture. | progressively increasing the input concentration of growth-limiting nutrient (glucose, ammonia, k+) to anaerobic chemostat cultures of klebsiella aerogenes (d = 0.38 h-1; 35 degrees c; ph 6.8) led to a non-linear increase in bacterial cell concentration. at modest population densities, residual growth-limiting substrate levels increased substantially, with increasing input concentration, and the culture bacterial dry weight tended to a constant value. with the glucose-limited culture, increasing ... | 1984 | 6442120 |
| studies on the enzymatic synthesis of enterochelin in escherichia coli k-12, salmonella typhimurium and klebsiella pneumoniae. physical association of enterochelin synthetase components in vitro. | further evidence is presented in support of the proposal made previously (greenwood, k.t. and luke, r.k.j. (1976) biochim. biophys. acta 454, 285-297) that components of the escherichia coli enterochelin synthetase system physicaloly associate to form enzyme complexes. evidence for the existence of three enzyme complexes, designated in order of increasing stability g-d < f-d < f-d-g, has been obtained following gel filtration and chromatography on deae-sephadex. persistence of the f-d and g-d co ... | 1980 | 6446939 |
| synthesis and utilization of siderophores by shigella flexneri. | strains of shigella flexneri secrete a hydroxamate-type siderophore when grown in low-iron media. this hydroxamate appears to be identical with aerobactin, a siderophore synthesized by aerobacter aerogenes. in contrast to other enteric bacteria, s. flexneri did not produce detectable phenolate siderophores, although it could utilize an exogenously supplied phenolate. | 1980 | 6447691 |
| conservation and dna sequence arrangement of the dna polymerase i gene region from klebsiella aerogenes, klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli. | | 1980 | 6449602 |
| introduction of bacteriophage mu into bacteria of various genera and intergeneric gene transfer by rp4::mu. | the host range of coliphage mu was greatly expanded to various genera of gram-negative bacteria by using the hybrid plasmic rp4::mu cts, which is temperature sensitive and which confers resistance to ampicillin, kanamycin, and tetracycline. these drug resistance genes were transferred from escherichia coli to members of the general klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter, salmonella, proteus, erwinia, serratia, alcaligenes, agrobacterium, rhizobium, pseudomonas, acetobacter, and bacillus. mu phage ... | 1981 | 6450749 |
| siderophore production by pathogenic neisseria spp. | previous studies have established the importance of iron acquisition to the growth and virulence of neisseria meningitidis and neisseria gonorrhoeae. although preliminary evidence that the neisseria spp. produce siderophores has been presented, the exact mechanism of iron acquisition has remained obscure. siderophore production by n. gonorrhoeae and n. meningitidis was induced in two different low-iron media. the iron-reactive siderophores, "gonobactin" and "meningobactin," were partially purifi ... | 1981 | 6454659 |
| colv plasmid-specific aerobactin synthesis by invasive strains of escherichia coli. | certain strains of escherichia coli associated with bacteremia of humans and domestic animals harbor plasmids that promote efficient iron uptake. the mechanism, which is an important component of the virulence of invasive strains, is independent of the enterobactin system for iron uptake. plasmid-specified siderophore was assayed by its ability to support the growth of a chelator-deficient mutant in conditions of iron deprivation. the chelator, which was chemically determined to be a hydroxamate ... | 1981 | 6456229 |
| [clinical evaluation of 6059-s therapy in children (author's transl)]. | a new semisynthetic 1-oxa-beta-lactam derivative, 6059-s, was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in children. twenty-five patients were treated with 10 to 274 mg/kg per day of 6059-s by intravenous administrations. the diagnosis of the patients were acute pharyngitis (2), acute bronchitis (2), pneumonia (4), pertussis (4), acute enterocolitis (2), recurrent urinary tract infection (2), suspected septicemia (3), and acute purulent meningitis (1); and the remaining 5 patients were considered to ... | 1981 | 6457168 |
| cefoperazone treatment of experimental endocarditis. | cefoperazone (10 mg/kg) and cephalothin (20 mg/kg) administered intramuscularly every 6 h were both effective in reducing the number of staphylococcus aureus cells in vegetations in rabbits with endocarditis. cefoperazone produced higher peak concentrations and greater bactericidal activity in serum than did cephalothin. cefoperazone (40 mg/kg) administered every 6 h was significantly more effective than cefamandole (40 mg/kg) administered every 6 h in reducing the number of enterobacter aerogen ... | 1981 | 6457556 |
| sequence of a secondary phage lambda attachment site located between the pentitol operons of klebsiella aerogenes. | we have determined the nucleotide sequence of a secondary phage lambda attachment site (att) located between the structural genes of the ribitol and d-arabitol catabolic operons of klebsiella aerogenes. the core region of this secondary attachment site (sequence: ggttttttcgattat) shows considerable homology with the 15-base-pair core region common to both the phage att and the primary bacterial att of escherichia coli k12 (sequence: gcttttttactaa); however, there is no such clear homology betwee ... | 1981 | 6458274 |
| possible role of membrane proteins in mercury resistance of enterobacter aerogenes. | mercury resistance shown by a strain of enterobacter aerogenes was found to be determined by a plasmid. the resistance appeared to be not due to enzymatic volatilization of mercury, but due to the alteration in cellular permeability to mercury. comparison of the outer membrane proteins was made between the resistant cells and the sensitive counterparts obtained by the treatment with mitomycin c, showing that two proteins with molecular weight of 46,000 and 44,000 had disappeared from the outer m ... | 1981 | 6459062 |
| five cephalosporins: pharmacokinetics and their relation to antibacterial potency. | in a group of adult volunteers, pharmacokinetic profiles of five cephalosporins were correlated with their minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics90) against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, and enterobacter aerogenes. subjects received the following intravenous regimens in a randomized, crossover fashion: (1) 0.5 gm, 1 gm, or 2 gm of cefazolin; (2) 2 gm of cephalothin; (3) 1 gm of cephapirin; (4) ... | 1984 | 6467282 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial properties of fk 027, a new orally active cephem antibiotic. | fk 027 was more active than cefaclor, cephalexin, and amoxicillin against stock strains of a wide variety of gram-negative bacteria, including such opportunistic pathogens as citrobacter and enterobacter species and serratia marcescens. fk 027 was significantly more active than the three reference drugs against clinical isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, indole-positive and -negative proteus species, providencia species, haemophilus influenzae, and neisseria gonorrhoeae. it was ... | 1984 | 6561017 |
| in-vitro activity of cefotetan and other cephalosporins against multiresistant strains of enterobacteriaceae. | the activity of cefotetan against multiresistant strains of escherichia coli and klebsiella aerogenes was comparable with that of cefotaxime and ceftazidime, the mean mics being 0.11 and 0.06 mg/l, respectively. multiresistant strains of enterobacter cloacae showed a high level of resistance to cefotetan in common with other cephalosporins such as cefuroxime, cefamandole and cefoxitin, but were sensitive to ceftazidime and cefotaxime. | 1983 | 6573310 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of e-0702, a new cephalosporin. | the in vitro activity of e-0702 was compared with the in vitro activity of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, moxalactam, and aztreonam against 600 gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic isolates. e-0702 had a minimal inhibitory concentration for 50% of isolates (mic50) of 25 micrograms for staphylococcus aureus, 50 micrograms for staphylococcus epidermidis, and 1.6 to 3.1 micrograms for streptococci, with streptococcus faecalis resistant. e-0702 had mic50s against escherichia coli, klebsie ... | 1983 | 6605718 |
| cefamandole-erythromycin-heparin peritoneal irrigation: an adjunct to the surgical treatment of diffuse bacterial peritonitis. | the enthusiasm for the use of peritoneal irrigation has waxed and waned since its introduction by dr. pierce in 1905. the purpose of this study was to devise a relatively low-cost irrigant that could be used for continuous intraperitoneal lavage, with the intent of decreasing abscess formation following surgical treatment for generalized bacterial peritonitis. a solution of 1 l of normal saline containing 50 mg erythromycin, 50 mg cefamandole, 500 u heparin, and 5 meq kcl was proven in in vitro ... | 1983 | 6623358 |
| antibiotic penetration in liver infection: a case of tobramycin failure responsive to moxalactam. | a 23-year-old man sustained a severe liver laceration which subsequently became infected with enterobacter aerogenes. blood cultures were positive for this organism and the patient experienced sepsis. over the course of 18 days, his bilirubin and serum creatinine increased from normal to 40 and 2.7 mg/dl, respectively. tobramycin, clindamycin, and penicillin failed to control the infection despite in vitro sensitivity of the organism to tobramycin. moxalactam was started as a last resort, and th ... | 1983 | 6624739 |
| retardation of wool growth in merino sheep caused by bacteria. | a condition evidenced by retarded growth of wool with alteration of the yolk into a yellow, sticky, wax-like substance was investigated. the condition was associated with hyperaemia and cellular infiltration into the dermis in the affected areas. three bacterial species, viz. enterobacter aerogenes, e. agglomerans and hafnia alvei, which could grow on the water-extractable component of wool-yolk, were incriminated as the cause of the condition. | 1983 | 6676689 |
| aztreonam, cefoperazone, and gentamicin in the treatment of experimental enterobacter aerogenes endocarditis in rabbits. | the effectiveness of aztreonam, cefoperazone, and gentamicin alone and in combination was evaluated in enterobacter aerogenes endocarditis in rabbits. the minimal inhibitory concentration/minimal bactericidal concentration ratios for e. aerogenes were as follows: aztreonam, 0.4/0.4 microgram/ml; cefoperazone, 0.8/0.8 microgram/ml; and gentamicin, 3.1/3.1 micrograms/ml. with an inoculum of 10(9) organisms per ml, aztreonam and cefoperazone were equivalent in reducing titers of e. aerogenes in bro ... | 1983 | 6685454 |
| mezlocillin and ticarcillin alone and combined with gentamicin in the treatment of experimental enterobacter aerogenes endocarditis. | the efficacies of mezlocillin and ticarcillin, each alone and in combination with gentamicin, in the therapy of experimental left-sided enterobacter aerogenes endocarditis in rabbits were compared. each beta-lactam was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 180 mg/kg every 6 h either alone or with gentamicin (1.7 mg/kg intramuscularly every 8 h). bacterial populations at the start of therapy (7 days after initiation of infection) were 9 to 10 log10 cfu/g of vegetation. ticarcillin produced co ... | 1984 | 6742813 |
| characterization of indicator bacteria in municipal raw water, drinking water, and new main water samples. | municipal water samples were analyzed by membrane filter (mf) and presence-absence (p-a) tests for pollution indicator bacteria. in four years, 11 514 bacterial cultures were isolated from either raw water, drinking water, or new main water samples submitted to three environmental laboratories. the bacterial species occurring most often in all types of water samples were escherichia coli (11.6-39.7%), enterobacter aerogenes (18.1-26.3%), aeromonas hydrophila (8.8-17.0%), klebsiella pneumoniae (7 ... | 1982 | 6754044 |
| action of iron and iron-complexes on klebsiella pneumoniae (klebsiella aerogenes). | iron in the fe(iii) oxidation state had a negligible effect on the growth of klebsiella pneumoniae even at the highest concentration (0.45 mm) obtainable without precipitation in a minimal medium containing glucose and inorganic salts together with tris as the buffer and glycerol 2-phosphate as the phosphorus source. nevertheless in its presence the toxic action of cd2+, zn2+ and cu2+ was antagonized while that of co2+ and ni2+ was potentiated. higher iron levels were obtained by supplementing t ... | 1982 | 6754551 |
| augmentin: laboratory studies. | clavulanic acid is a beta-lactam antibiotic which, although it has little intrinsic activity, is a potent inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamases. when combined with amoxycillin its range of activity includes penicillinase-producing strains of staphylococcus aureus and many of the beta-lactamase-producing strains of gram-negative bacilli. bacteria sensitive to augmentin include amoxycillin-resistant strains of haemophilus influenzae and escherichia coli, in addition strains of klebsiella aerogene ... | 1982 | 6762661 |
| antimicrobial activity of heparin. | single clinical isolates of eight species of microorganisms were incubated in solutions of heparin and brain heart infusion broth at various concentrations to determine the possible antibacterial effect of heparin. at heparin concentrations ranging from 12.5 to 400 u/ml, the effect on escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, candida albicans, staphylococcus aureus, and s. epidermidis varied with brain heart infusion broth concentrations of 1.2 to 10% and inocula of 10(2) to 10(6) colony-forming ... | 1980 | 6766462 |
| [distinctive profiles of esterases from klebsiella pneumoniae, k. oxytoca, enterobacter aerogenes and e. gergovia]. | cellular esterases of 14 strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, 14 strains of k. oxytoca, 16 strains of enterobacter aerogenes and 16 strains of e. gergoviae were analysed by polyacrylamide-agarose gel and polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. four principal esterase bands and nine minor bands, differing in their activity towards synthetic substrates and in their sensitivity to heat and to di-isofluoropropyl phosphate (dep) were defined. the comparative distribution of bands showed that the fo ... | 1980 | 6768459 |
| serine utilization by klebsiella aerogenes. | klebsiella aerogenes was found to contain a specific l-serine dehydrase that was induced by threonine, glycine or leucine, but not by its substrate. cellular concentrations were sensitive to carbon rather than nitrogen sources in the growth medium. a nonspecific isoleucine-sensitive l-threonine dehydrase supplemented the specific l-serine dehydrase activity. k. aerogenes also contains a leucine-inducible l-threonine dehydrogenase which probably initiated a threonine-utilization pathway in which ... | 1981 | 6783624 |
| coregulation of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) transhydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase activities in enteric bacteria during nitrogen limitation. | the relationship between oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) [nad(p)+] transhydrogenase (ec 1.6.1.1) and nad(p)+ glutamate dehydrogenase in several enteric bacteria which differ slightly in their regulation of nitrogen metabolism was studied. escherichia coli strain k-12 was grown on glucose and various concentrations of nh4cl as the sole nitrogen source. in the range of 0.5 to 20 mm nh4cl, the energy-independent transhydrogenase increased two to threefold. comparable changes ... | 1981 | 6787021 |
| phagocytic and chemiluminescent responses of mouse peritoneal macrophages to living and killed salmonella typhimurium and other bacteria. | in the presence of luminol, resident as well as thioglycolate-induced and immunized macrophages emitted chemiluminescence more efficiently when the cells were exposed to living salmonella typhimurium than when they were exposed to the same bacterium killed by ultraviolet light or heat. this phenomenon was observed whether or not the bacterium was opsonized. the different response to living and killed bacteria was also found with escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus morganii, and ent ... | 1981 | 6788707 |
| dissemination of resistance plasmids among gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria from hospital patients. | out of 184 patients who were infected or colonised with gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria, 17 (9%) harboured more than one strain. single antibiotic-resistance plasmids were common to more than one of the different organisms isolated from nine patients, strongly suggestive of in-vivo conjugation. an "epidemic" plasmid with a molecular weight of approximately 110 megadaltons was found in 11 distinct strains isolated from four patients. seven of the organisms harbouring this plasmid were klebsie ... | 1981 | 6791736 |
| d-malic enzyme of pseudomonas fluorescens. | by the enrichment culture technique 14 gram-negative bacteria and two yeast strains were isolated that used d(+)-malic acid as sole carbon source. the bacteria were identified as pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella aerogenes. in cell-free extracts of p. fluorescens and p. putida the presence of malate dehydrogenase, d-malic enzyme (nad-dependent) and l-malic enzyme (nadp-dependent) was demonstrated. d-malic enzyme from p. fluorescens was purified. s ... | 1982 | 6804238 |
| [hygienic and microbiological influences exerted on natural water biotopes by algae and the growth of water plants. 1. communication: antibacterial properties of three water algae (hydrodictyon reticulatum, chlorella vulgaris, aphanothece nidulans) in vitro (author's transl)]. | the growth-inhibiting behaviour of abacterial, liquid pure cultures made up of three water algae (hydrodictyon reticulatum, chlorella vulgaris, aphanothece nidulans) which were made to grow profusely in special culture containers under constant exposure to light and ventilation was examined in ten different species of microorganisms during a period of contact of 4 days both in the light and in the dark. subjected to the test were the 5 pathogenic species staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella aerogen ... | 1981 | 6805159 |
| photoaffinity labeling of klebsiella aerogenes citrate lyase by p-azidobenzoyl coenzyme a. | p-azidobenzoyl coenzyme a functions as a linear competitive inhibitor for (3s)-citryl-coa in the citryl-coa oxaloacetate-lyase reaction catalyzed by the klebsiella aerogenes deacetylcitrate lyase complex (ki = 80 microm; (3s)-citryl-coa km = 67 microm). inactivation is irreversible on photolysis of p-azidobenzoyl-coa in the presence of the deacetylcitrate lyase complex. mg2+ is not required for the inactivation. inactivation is blocked by (3s)-citryl-coa in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraac ... | 1982 | 6812626 |
| synthesis and separation of tritium-labeled intermediates of the shikimate pathway. | [5-3h]shikimate (sp radioact 2000 ci/mol) has been synthesized by reduction of the methyl ester of 5-dehydroshikimate with nab3h4 and subsequent hydrolysis of the ester group (m. m. leduc, p. m. dansette, and r. g. azerad (1970) eur. j. biochem. 15, 428-435). the [5-3h]shikimate has been converted enzymatically to [5-3h]chorismate and [5-3h]prephenate of similar high specific radioactivity by using a cell-free extract of aerobacter aerogenes 62-1. in addition, a chromatographic procedure, which ... | 1983 | 6824333 |
| bile acid deconjugation and attachment of chicken gut bacteria: their possible role in growth depression. | bacteria isolated from the chicken gut were tested for their ability to deconjugate bile acids and attach to chicken epithelial cells (crop squamous cells and duodenal brush borders). clostridium perfringens, streptococci and some of the bifidobacteria and lactobacilli were able to deconjugate all 4 substrates whereas the bacteroides deconjugated only the taurine conjugates and the coliforms were completely inactive. none of the strains of escherichia coli or streptococci attached to squamous ce ... | 1984 | 6733554 |
| the presence of essential arginine residues at the active sites of citrate lyase complex from klebsiella aerogenes. | the acyl-transferase and acyl-lyase activities of klebsiella aerogenes citrate lyase complex are inactivated by the arginine specific reagents phenylglyoxal and 2,3-butanedione, the former reagent being the more potent inhibitor. citrate and (3s)-citryl-coa protect the transferase activity, while acetyl-coa markedly enhances the rate of the inactivation. (3s)-citryl-coa protects the lyase subunit in the complex from inactivation. the kinetics of inactivation suggest the involvement of a single a ... | 1983 | 6838572 |
| antibacterial activity of bovine blood neutrophils and their cationic proteins. | six cationic protein bands were identified in extracts of both normal bovine blood neutrophils and their granules subjected to polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. band 1, the most cationic protein, was as positively charged as crystalline egg white lysozyme, and band 2 was as positively charged as ribonuclease. antibacterial activity of various leukocyte fractions and cationic proteins was determined in vitro for enterobacter aerogenes strain 2412-2. antibacterial activity of various prepar ... | 1983 | 6886171 |
| laboratory diagnosis of bacteremia by headspace gas-liquid chromatography. | the growth of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, s. fecalis, s. sanguis, s. bovis, s. mitior, s. agalactiae, escherichia coli, a-d group, klebsiella aerogenes, k. oxytoca, enterobacter cloacae, proteus mirabilis, serratia marcescens, pasteurella multocida or listeria monocytogenes in 83 blood cultures was detected in a 1.5-min analysis using head-space gas-liquid chromatography. two hundred and twenty-four blood cultures in which there was no growth of micro-organisms were negative ... | 1983 | 6888963 |
| a comparison of cefamandole, cefoxitin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime and cefoperazone: an in vitro test on a number of beta-lactamase producing strains of 9 species and 1 genus of bacteria. | the sensitivity of a number of beta-lactamase producing strains of enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter species, escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens to cefamandole, cefoxitin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime and cefoperazone was determined in vitro. all bacterial cultures were examined for beta-lactamase production using the chromogenic cephalosporin compound 87/312. all ... | 1981 | 6971210 |
| cefonicid: a stable beta-lactamase inhibitor. | the stability of cefonicid (sk&f 75073) towards representatives of six major classes of beta-lactamases was determined using a spectrophotometric assay. cefonicid was stable to hydrolysis by the type i enzyme from enterobacter cloacae and by the enzyme from the anaerobe, bacteroides fragilis. it was 6 to 7 times more stable than cefamandole to the type iiia and b enzymes from escherichia coli, a little less stable than this antibiotic to the type v enzyme from e. coli, and of equal stability to ... | 1981 | 6975269 |
| potent cephalosporinase inhibitors: 7 beta-[2-(1, 3-dithiolan-2-ylidene) acetamido] cephalosporins and related compounds. | cephalosporins possessing a 1, 3-dithiolane, 1, 3-dithiane, or 1, 3-dithietane ring on their 7 beta-substituents showed potent inhibitory activity against cephaloridine hydrolysis by cephalosporinases purified from proteus morganii, proteus rettgeri, and proteus inconstans, which were not inhibited by clavulanic acid, a well-known beta-lactamase inhibitor. the mode of inhibition was competitive. the dithiolane cephalosporins themselves were stable against hydrolysis by the beta-lactamases tested ... | 1982 | 6979310 |
| the history and background of augmentin. | bacterial resistance to the beta-lactam group of antibiotics is frequently due to the production of beta-lactamase which brings about the inactivation of the antibiotic. clavulanic acid is a naturally occurring inhibitor of beta-lactamase which is capable of rendering penicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant organisms sensitive. the compound is obtained by fermentation from streptomyces clavuligerus. clavulanic acid shows some structural similarity to the penicillins and cephalosporins and functi ... | 1982 | 6979804 |
| salmonella typhimurium mutants with altered glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthase activities. | although glutamate is a key compound in nitrogen metabolism, little is known about the function or regulation of its two biosynthetic enzymes, glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthase. to begin the characterization of glutamate formation in salmonella typhimurium, we isolated mutants having altered glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthase activities. mutants which failed to grow on media with glucose as the carbon source and less than 1 mm (nh(4))(2)so(4) as the nitrogen source (asm( ... | 1980 | 6986357 |
| in vivo inactivation of glycerol dehydrogenase in klebsiella aerogenes: properties of active and inactivated proteins. | glycerol:oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad+) 2-oxidoreductase (ec 1.1.1.6), an inducible enzyme for anaerobic glycerol catabolism in klebsiella aerogenes, was purified and found to have a molecular weight of 79,000 by gel electrophoresis. the protein seemed to be enzymatically active either as a dimer of a 40,000-dalton peptide at ph 8.6 or as a tetramer of 160,000 molecular weight at ph 7.0. the enzyme activity was present at high levels in cells growing anaerobically on glycerol, ... | 1980 | 6988402 |
| biosynthesis and catabolism of 6-deoxy l-talitol by klebsiella aerogenes mutants. | a mutant strain of klebsiella aerogenes was constructed and, when incubated anaerobically with l-fucose and glycerol, synthesized and excreted a novel methyl pentitol, 6-deoxy l-talitol. the mutant was constitutive for the synthesis of l-fucose isomerase but unable to synthesize l-fuculokinase activity. thus, it could convert the l-fucose to l-fuculose but was incapable of phosphorylating l-fuculose to l-fuculose 1-phosphate. the mutant was also constitutive for the synthesis of ribitol dehydrog ... | 1980 | 6988406 |
| [biosynthesis of iron-binding metabolites by klebsiella aerogenes]. | | 1980 | 6988484 |
| glucose phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase activity and glucose uptake rate of klebsiella aerogenes growing in chemostat culture. | glucose-limited cultures of klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418 (and the supposedly identical strain ncib 418) possessed a glucose phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) phosphotransferase activity that varied markedly and progressively with growth rate, from more than 250 nmol min-1 (mg dry wt cells)-1 at d = 0.1 h-1 to less than 100 nmol min-1 (mg dry wt cells)-1 at d = 0.8 h-1. when relieved of the glucose limitation, substrate was used at a rate that bore no precise relationship to the cells' phosphotransferas ... | 1980 | 6989955 |