| immune response and growth of stressed weanling pigs fed diets supplemented with organic or inorganic forms of chromium. | a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments was used in a randomized complete block designed study to determine the effects of chromium level and source on growth and immune response of stressed and non-stressed 3-wk-old crossbred weanling pigs (bw was 6.35 kg). factors included 1) immune stress or control and 2) no supplemental cr or .2 ppm of supplemental cr from either crcl3, cr-picolinate, or cr-nicotinic acid complex. the basal diet was a corn-soybean meal-whey diet containing 1.2% lysine. ... | 1997 | 9051463 |
| fimbriae extracts from enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains of bovine and porcine origin with k99 and/or f41 antigens. | fimbriae extracts obtained using the thermal shock method, from bovine and porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains with k99 and/ or f41 antigens, were analyzed by sds-page, immunoblotting and haemagglutinating activity. three major protein bands with molecular weights 17 kda, 29.3 kda and 30.9 kda were detected depending on the strain assayed. a 17 kda band was identified as the fimbrial subunit for k99 fimbriae and was detected in strains of bovine and porcine origin. the 30.9 kda band ... | 1996 | 9054120 |
| cloning and characterization of the eae gene from a dog attaching and effacing escherichia coli strain 4221. | we have cloned and determined the nucleotide sequence of the eae gene from a dog attaching and effacing (a/e) escherichia coli (depec) strain 4221. when comparing the predicted amino acid sequence of the eaedepec to that of the eae proteins from enteropathogenic e. coli (epec), enterohaemorrhagic e. coli o157:h7 (ehec), citrobacter freundii biotype 4280, and a swine a/e e. coli strain o45 (pepec), the overall sequence identity was 84, 81, 83 and 83%, respectively, with the greatest divergence at ... | 1997 | 9084152 |
| cardiovascular responses to glibenclamide during endotoxaemia in the pig. | the effects of blockading the atp-sensitive potassium channel (k+atp channels) on endotoxin-induced vascular derangements was studied. escherichia coli endotoxin was infused (20 micrograms/kg per h) intravenously for 180 min into anaesthetized, mechanically ventilated, indomethacin-treated pigs. after 150 min of endotoxaemia, glibenclamide (a k+ atp channel blocker) was infused intravenously at 2 mg/kg per min for 5 min. the cardiovascular parameters were recorded before (control), every 30 min ... | 1997 | 9090046 |
| development of selected faecal microfloras and of phagocytic and killing capacity of neutrophils in young pigs. | nine healthy piglets, weaned at the age of 35 days and emanating from two litters, were studied from 7 to 63 days of age. the development of their faecal flora was analysed by bacteriological quantification of coliforms, e. coli, enterococci and clostridium perfringens. the numbers of coliforms, e. coli and enterococci decreased from about 10(8) cfu/g faeces on day 7 to about 10(5) at the end of the study. clostridium perfringens, with an initial value of 10(4) cfu/g faeces, was not found in any ... | 1997 | 9100329 |
| colonization antigens of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains isolated from piglets in spain. | eighty-eight enterotoxigenic e.coli strains isolated from 69 pigs with enteric infections (diarrhoea or oedema disease) were investigated for the presence of f4 (k88), f5 (k99), f6 (987p) and f41 colonization antigens. the commonest colonization antigen was f6 (987p), which was detected in etec strains from 31.9% pigs, followed by f5 (k99) 11.6%, f4 (k88) 10.1% and f41 8.7%. presence of f6 (987p) and f5 (k99) fimbriae was statistically associated (0.025 > p < 0.005) with diarrhoeic piglets young ... | 1997 | 9100332 |
| nonaldehyde sterilization of biologic tissue for use in implantable medical devices. | biologic tissue stabilized by dye-mediated photooxidation has found application in implantable devices. the desire to avoid aldehydes in the processing of photooxidized tissues led to the development of a nonaldehyde, iodine based sterilant. the interaction of tissue with iodine was indicated by a change in tissue shrinkage temperature, dependent upon solution and incubation parameters. the amino acid tyrosine also was altered, presumably because of aromatic ring iodination. transmission electro ... | 1997 | 9116349 |
| effects of n omega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester on the endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation in porcine septic shock. | nitric oxide is known to prevent platelet aggregation and clot formation. inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase might promote or enhance endotoxin disseminated intravascular coagulation. the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of the arginine analog, n omega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-name), on the endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation in a porcine model of septic shock. | 1997 | 9118662 |
| synthesis and antibacterial action of cecropin and proline-arginine-rich peptides from pig intestine. | two antimicrobial peptides, cecropin p1 (cp1), with a c-terminal carboxyl group, and pr-39, with an amidated, c-terminus, are found in the small intestine of the pig. each is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. we have synthesized these peptides and several analogs, including the d-enantiomers and the retro sequences, each with a free or acetylated amino terminus. the cp1 amide was also prepared. the retro cp1 peptides were much less active than the parent cp1 peptide, ... | 1997 | 9128101 |
| 5-lipoxygenase and endotoxin-induced microvascular albumin exchanges and leucocyte recruitment in guinea-pig lungs. | the interference of the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, bw b70c ((e)-n-(3-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1(r,s)-methyl prop-2-enyl)-n-hydroxyurea), with escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin)-induced lung leucocyte sequestration and microvascular albumin exchanges was evaluated in the anaesthetised guinea-pig using radioactive tracers, in parallel to the effects on cell counts in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid, blood tumour necrosis factor (tnf-alpha) content, secretion of phospholipase a2 an ... | 1997 | 9137918 |
| verotoxin-producing escherichia coli from the faeces of sheep, calves and pigs. | | 1997 | 9140657 |
| identification of cramp, a cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide expressed in the embryonic and adult mouse. | cathelicidins are the precursors of potent antimicrobial peptides that have been identified in several mammalian species. prior work has suggested that members of this gene family can participate in host defense through their antimicrobial effects and activate mesenchymal cells during wound repair. to permit further study of these proteins a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction approach was used to identify potential mouse homologs. a full-length 562-base pair cdna clone was obtained ... | 1997 | 9148921 |
| characterization of a large transferrin-binding protein from actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 7. | the binding of transferrin at the surface of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (a. pp.) is mediated by two proteins of approximately 60 and 100 kda. the 60 kda protein has been shown to be highly divergent among different serotypes and to induce a serotype-specific protective immune response. in this study we have characterized the 100 kda transferrin-binding protein of a. pp. serotype 7 and designated it as tfbb. the tfbb gene was found to be located immediately downstream of the tfba gene. it wa ... | 1997 | 9151535 |
| two oligomeric forms of plasma ficolin have differential lectin activity. | ficolins are plasma proteins with binding activity for carbohydrates, elastin, and corticosteroids. the ficolin polypeptide has a collagen-like domain that presumably brings three subunits together in a triple helical rod, a c-terminal fibrinogen-like domain (fbg) similar to that of tenascin, which presumably has the binding activities, and a small n-terminal domain that we find to be the primary site for forming the ficolin oligomer. by sedimentation equilibrium we determined that the main plas ... | 1997 | 9162054 |
| use of thermostable and escherichia coli rnase h in rna mapping studies. | a recently introduced thermostable rnase h was tested to determine its effectiveness in rnase h mapping reactions. procedures are described which should have general use with both the thermostable and the escherichia coli rnase h enzymes. using the thermostable rnase h at higher temperatures extends the range of oligodeoxyribonucleotide/rna combinations that yield satisfactory results. northern blot analyses of total rna was used to demonstrate that native rnas can be analyzed by oligodeoxyribon ... | 1997 | 9177689 |
| characterization of the molecular-chaperone function of the heat-shock-cognate-70-interacting protein. | a histidine-tagged form of the recently discovered molecular chaperone, 70-kda heat-shock cognate (hsc70)-interacting protein (hip), has been expressed in escherichia coli and purified to near homogeneity. this protein remains soluble when expressed in e. coli. several important properties of this chaperone have been investigated. hplc size-exclusion chromatography indicates that the chaperone forms a tetramer similar to what has been reported for the native protein from rat liver cytosol. the r ... | 1997 | 9183013 |
| effect of growth hormone or chromium picolinate on swine metabolism and inflammatory cytokine production after endotoxin challenge exposure. | to determine whether recombinant porcine somatotropin (pst) or chromium picolinate (crp) affected cytokine production and metabolism in swine after endotoxin challenge exposure. | 1997 | 9185964 |
| the endothelin receptor antagonist, bosentan, in combination with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, diclofenac, counteracts pulmonary hypertension in porcine endotoxin shock. | to prevent endotoxin-induced pulmonary hypertension in the pig with a combination of a nonpeptide mixed endothelin receptor antagonist, bosentan, and a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, diclofenac. | 1997 | 9187606 |
| variation in virulence in the gnotobiotic pig model of o157:h7 escherichia coli strains of bovine and human origin. | escherichia coli strains of serotype o157:h7 have been incriminated in outbreaks and sporadic cases of food-borne illness, including diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. food-producing animals, particularly cattle, are believed to be reservoirs of the organism. whether all strains of bovine origin pose human health risk is unknown and was the impetus for this investigation. we compared the virulence of ten slt-i, slt-ii, and eae dna pr ... | 1997 | 9191990 |
| fimbrial colonisation factors f18ab and f18ac of escherichia coli isolated from pigs with postweaning diarrhea and edema disease. | during the last 5 years at least four new types of colonisation factors have been described in association with porcine postweaning diarrhea and edema disease strains of e. coli. recently, evidence was presented that these fimbrial factors are closely related to each other, and therefore the common denomination f18 was proposed. until now, two variants f18ab and f18ac were identified that can be distinguished by serology. alternatively, to circumvent elaborate growth conditions for the optimal e ... | 1997 | 9192010 |
| a novel developmental process of intestinal epithelial lesions in a calf infected with attaching and effacing escherichia coli. | a comparative study on the adhesion of attaching and effacing escherichia coli (aeec) to the enterocytes between the colon of a calf and the jejunum of a piglet showed differences in the developmental process of attaching and effacing (ae) lesions. in the calf, pedestals consisted of fused microvilli, while in the piglet they developed from the apical epithelial cell membranes after effacing microvilli. microvilli adjacent to the aeec attachment site were atrophic in the calf, whereas they were ... | 1997 | 9192365 |
| attenuation of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing factor by bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing factor (edhf) is an important contributor to agonist-induced vascular dilation. recent studies suggest that bacterial lipopolysaccharides attenuate endothelium-dependent dilation. whether or not this effect is mediated through inhibition of edhf is not known. we studied the in vitro influence of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides on endothelium-dependent smooth muscle dilation and hyperpolarization in porcine coronary arteries. endothelium-intact porcine c ... | 1997 | 9203571 |
| expression of ovine interleukin-2 cdna in escherichia coli. | the expression plasmids pgex-2t and pt7-7 were used to express ovine (ov) il-2 cdna in escherichia coli. the pgex-2t vector contained glutathione-s-transferase (gst) as the affinity handle and resulted in high level expression of the gst-il-2 fusion protein. however, only a small proportion of this fusion protein was present in the soluble fraction. the insoluble fraction was extracted with a detergent, sarkosyl, and even though a large amount of fusion product was obtained, it would not bind to ... | 1997 | 9220585 |
| expression and phylogenetic relationships of a novel lacz homologue from actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. | to learn more about the genetics and physiology of the important swine pathogen, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, we cloned the lacz gene by complementation of an escherichia coli delta lac mutant. the a. pleuropneumoniae lacz gene has an open reading frame of 3015 bp which could encode a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 117022. the deduced protein shares 26.8-34.8% identity with beta-galactosidases from both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. sequences with homology to seven re ... | 1997 | 9228778 |
| expression of p, s, and f1c adhesins by cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1-producing escherichia coli from septicemic and diarrheic pigs. | nineteen papc-positive cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (cnf1)-producing escherichia coli isolates from pigs with septicemia or diarrhea were tested for the presence of pap-, sfa-, and afa-related sequences encoding p/prs, s/f1c, and dr/afa adhesins respectively. production of adhesins by isolates was tested by mannose-resistant hemagglutination (mrha), sialidase treatment of erythrocytes and particle agglutination tests. production of p, s, and f1c fimbriae by isolates was also examined by immuno ... | 1997 | 9231424 |
| inotropic treatment and intestinal mucosal tissue oxygenation in a model of porcine endotoxemia. | to evaluate the dose-related effects of dopamine, dopexamine, and dobutamine on intestinal mucosal tissue oxygenation following short-time infusion of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, which has previously been shown to decrease mucosal tissue oxygenation by 60% of control values. | 1997 | 9233747 |
| epitope conservation and immunohistochemical localization of the guanylin/stable toxin peptide receptor, guanylyl cyclase c. | the heat-stable enterotoxins (st) are a family of cysteine-rich low-molecular weight peptides produced by pathogenic bacteria, and are one of the major causes of watery diarrhea all over the world. these toxins mediate their action by binding to an intestinal cell surface receptor that is a membrane-associated guanylyl cyclase (gcc). this receptor also serves as the receptor for the recently characterised endogenous ligand, guanylin. we have expressed various domains of the receptor in escherich ... | 1997 | 9282328 |
| effects of acute endotoxemia on serum somatotropin and insulin-like growth factor i concentrations in prepubertal gilts. | to evaluate effects of endotoxemia on serum somatotropin (st) and insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) concentrations in finishing pigs. | 1997 | 9285006 |
| effect of transfusion on physiologic changes after resuscitated trauma. | the purpose of this experimental study was to test whether transfusion potentiated physiologic changes associated with fluid resuscitated trauma in controlled conditions. | 1997 | 9308610 |
| nitric oxide sensitivity of the aconitases. | aconitases are important cellular targets of nitric oxide (no.) toxicity, and no.-derived species, rather than no. per se, have been proposed to mediate their inactivation. no.-mediated inactivation of the escherichia coli aconitase and the porcine mitochondrial aconitase was investigated. in e. coli, aconitase activity decreased by approximately 70% during a 2-h exposure to an atmosphere containing 120 ppm no. in n2. the no.-inactivated aconitase reactivated poorly in e. coli under anaerobic or ... | 1997 | 9312115 |
| midgut-specific immune molecules are produced by the blood-sucking insect stomoxys calcitrans. | we have cloned and sequenced two defensins, smd1 and smd2, from anterior midgut tissue of the blood-sucking fly stomoxys calcitrans. the dna and n-terminal protein sequences suggest both are produced as prepropeptides. smd1 differs from the classic defensin pattern in having an unusual six-amino acid-long n-terminal sequence. both smd1 and smd2 have lower pi points and charge than insect defensins derived from fat body/hemocytes. northern analysis shows both of these defensin molecules are tissu ... | 1997 | 9326639 |
| genes coding for enterotoxins and verotoxins in porcine escherichia coli strains belonging to different o:k:h serotypes: relationship with toxic phenotypes. | seventy-four e. coli strains isolated from piglets with diarrhea or edema disease in spain were serotyped and examined for production of heat-labile (lt) and heat-stable (st) enterotoxins (lt-i, lt-ii, stah, stap, and stb) and verotoxins (vt1, vt2, and vt2v = vte) by phenotypic (vero cell assay and infant mouse test) and genotypic (colony hybridization and pcr) methods. in general, an excellent correlation was found between the results obtained with a pcr approach and those determined with biolo ... | 1997 | 9350767 |
| the influence of growth hormone on tumour necrosis factor and neutrophil leukocyte function in sepsis. | the aim of this study was to assess the influence of growth hormone (gh) in sepsis on the immune system represented by the circulating tnf-levels and the neutrophil leukocytes phagocytic capacity and respiratory burst, 22 piglets were randomized to 3 groups; pretreatment with gh (16 i.u.) before sepsis (n = 8), non-treated septic controls (n = 8), and non-septic controls (n = 6). sepsis was induced by a standardized infusion of live e. coli. tnf was measured by a cytotoxic bioassay, while neutro ... | 1997 | 9360256 |
| a 1-year study of escherichia coli o157 in cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry. | samples of rectal faeces were collected immediately after slaughter from 400 cattle each month for a 1-year period and from 1000 each of sheep, pigs and poultry over the same period. samples were examined for escherichia coli o157 by enrichment culture in buffered peptone water with vancomycin, cefixime and cefsulodin followed by immunomagnetic separation and culture of magnetic particles onto cefixime tellurite sorbitol macconkey agar. e. coli o157 was isolated from 752 (15.7%) of 4800 cattle, ... | 1997 | 9363024 |
| the use of a wild pig x domestic pig intercross to map phenotypic trait loci. | intercrosses between divergent lines of domestic animals adapted to different environmental conditions and/or production systems provide unique opportunities for mapping phenotypic trait loci. the strategy resembles the use of interspecific crosses developed for general linkage mapping. we have made an intercross between the wild pig and domestic pigs of the large white breed. a comprehensive linkage map comprising more than 230 genetic markers has been established. the successful use of this in ... | 1997 | 9378913 |
| immunological characterisation of glycoprotein e of aujeszky's disease virus. | a panel of 14 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against glycoprotein e (ge) of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus (adv), which constitutes a representative sample of naturally occurring ge-specific antibodies in sera from infected animals, was produced and characterised. eleven topologically distinct antigenic domains represented by one or more mabs were identified on ge by using these mabs and three additional ge-specific mabs. three of the mabs available recognised conformation-independent epi ... | 1997 | 9381796 |
| inhibition of biliary endoprostheses occlusion by ampicillin-sulbactam in an in vitro model. | an important first step in stent occlusion is the formation of a bacterial biofilm. this is followed by deposition of granules similar to that found in brown pigment stones. previous in vitro models for studying occlusion have used synthetic biles without bilirubin or pooled human bile, which is limited in supply. our aim was to develop a new in vitro model of stent occlusion with porcine gallbladder bile and then, with the model, assess whether ampicillin-sulbactam can prevent biofilm formation ... | 1997 | 9422338 |
| measurement of antimicrobial-resistant escherichia coli in pig feces with a hydrophobic grid membrane filter interpreter system. | hydrophobic grid membrane filter technology was used to measure resistance among escherichia coli in pig fecal samples to ampicillin, sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline. the method accurately measured resistance, with sensitivities ranging from 96.5 to 99.5% and specificities ranging from 87.0 to 98.3%, and it identified e. coli with 96% confidence. | 1998 | 9435092 |
| purification, cdna cloning and expression of 15-oxoprostaglandin 13-reductase from pig lung. | 15-oxoprostaglandin 13-reductase (pgr) has been purified to apparent homogeneity from pig lung. the enzyme was estimated to have a molecular mass of 36 kda by both sds/page and non-denaturing page, indicating that the enzyme is a monomer. 15-oxo-pge1, 15-oxo-pge2 and 15-oxo-pgf2alpha were found to be substrates for the enzyme, whereas the corresponding 15-hydroxyprostaglandins were not. the reverse reaction, the oxidation of 13,14-dihydro-15-oxo-pge1 to 15-oxo-pge1, was not observed. either nadh ... | 1998 | 9461497 |
| detection of vtec using specific dna probes and complex typing of escherichia coli o157. | the incidence of e. coli causing hemorrhagic colitis (hc) or non-bloody enteritis in hungary was studied using slt-i and slt-ii gene-probes as well as vero-cell toxicity and verotox-f tests. out of 41 e. coli o157 strains isolated in hungary between 1987 and 1996 15 strains (o157:hnm 4, o157:h77 8, o157:hnt 3) derived from hemorrhagic colitis (hc). hybridization was observed with slt-i and/or slt-ii in 19 strains. verocytotoxin production of e. coli of 23 other serotypes was proven by hybridizat ... | 1997 | 9468730 |
| [a molecular test for the detection of e. coli f18 receptors: a breakthrough in the struggle against edema disease and post-weaning diarrhea in swine]. | oedema disease and post-weaning diarrhoea in swine are associated with the colonization of the intestine with toxigenic escherichia (e.) coli bacteria of various serotypes. colonization depends on specific binding between adhesive fimbriae and receptors on the enterocytes. the demonstration of these receptors allows the identification of susceptible and resistant pigs. direct sequencing of the alpha (1,2) fucosyltransferase gene (fut1) in swine being either susceptible or resistant to adhesion b ... | 1997 | 9480539 |
| the haemophilus influenzae htra protein is a protective antigen. | the htra gene from two strains of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae has been cloned and sequenced, and the encoded approximately 46-kda htra proteins were found to be highly conserved. h. influenzae htra has approximately 55% identity with the escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium htra stress response proteins, and expression of the h. influenzae htra gene was inducible by high temperature. recombinant htra (rhtra) was expressed from e. coli, and the purified protein was found to have ser ... | 1998 | 9488373 |
| human and porcine aminoacylase i overproduced in a baculovirus expression vector system: evidence for structural and functional identity with enzymes isolated from kidney. | aminoacylase i (ec 3.5.1.14) is one of the most abundant enzymes in the cortical region of mammalian kidney. both the porcine and the human enzyme were overexpressed using baculovirus expression vector systems and purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography and anion-exchange chromatography. the resulting preparations were analyzed for structural and functional identity with the corresponding enzymes isolated from kidney. the dansyl method as well as mass spectroscopy confirmed n-terminal ... | 1998 | 9518469 |
| characterization of the carbohydrate moiety of intestinal mucin-type sialoglycoprotein receptors for the k88ac fimbrial adhesin of escherichia coli. | we have previously identified two mucin-type sialoglycoproteins from porcine intestinal epithelial cells with approximate molecular masses of 210 (intestinal mucin-type glycoprotein imtgp-1) and 240 kda (imtgp-2) as receptors for the k88ab and k88ac fimbrial adhesins of escherichia coli. these receptors are detected in intestinal brush border membrane preparations from pigs with adhesive phenotypes but not from pigs with nonadhesive phenotypes and are postulated to be important determinants of t ... | 1998 | 9529089 |
| alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase. fate in peroxisome biogenesis disorders and identification of the point mutation underlying a single enzyme deficiency. | peroxisomes play an indispensible role in ether lipid biosynthesis as evidenced by the deficiency of ether phospholipids in fibroblasts and tissues from patients suffering from a number of peroxisomal disorders. alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase, a peroxisomal enzyme playing a key role in the biosynthesis of ether phospholipids, contains the peroxisomal targeting signal type 2 in a n-terminal cleavable presequence. using a polyclonal antiserum raised against alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphat ... | 1998 | 9553082 |
| phenotypic expression of k88 adhesion alone or simultaneously with k99 and/or f41 adhesins in the bovine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strain b41. | f41-positive and f41-negative derivatives of bovine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strain b41 carrying k88 or k88 and k99 plasmids were investigated for stability and expression of genes for their fimbrial antigens. either k88 plasmid alone or both k88 and k99 plasmids could be maintained in these strains though stability could depend on culture medium. k99 antigen could be detected in each strain bearing k99 plasmid. clones that produced k88 antigen or clones that did not produce this antigen ... | 1998 | 9556859 |
| inhibition of type i and type ii phospholipase a2 by phosphatidyl-ethanolamine linked to polymeric carriers. | we have previously shown that cell surface proteoglycans protect the cell membrane from the action of extracellular phospholipase a2 (pla2) enzymes [dan, p., nitzan, d. w., dagan, a., ginsburg, i., and yedgar, s. (1996) febs lett. 383, 75-78]. cell-impermeable pla2 inhibitors (explis) were prepared by linking phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) to polymeric carriers, specifically, carboxymethylcellulose, heparin, or hyaluronic acid. the structure of these inhibitors enables the incorporation of their ... | 1998 | 9558359 |
| hemodynamic effects of the laparoscopic pneumoperitoneum during sepsis in a porcine endotoxic shock model. | the authors compared the hemodynamic effects of laparoscopic intervention with conventional laparotomy in an endotoxic shock model in the pig. | 1998 | 9563532 |
| low molecular weight heparin prevents the pulmonary hemodynamic and pathomorphologic effects of endotoxin in a porcine acute lung injury model. | tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) activity, platelet and neutrophil degranulation and margination, and increased vascular permeability are central to the pathophysiology of endotoxin-mediated acute lung injury. nonanticoagulant activities of low molecular weight heparin (lmwh) include solubilization of the tnf-alpha receptor protein, inhibition of neutrophil adhesion, and regulation of thromboxane b2 (txb2) biosynthesis. in this study, we evaluated the ability of lmwh to modulate tnf-alpha ... | 1998 | 9565256 |
| expression of the glycoprotein e2 of the classical swine fever virus in escherichia coli. | the glycoprotein e2 sequences of classical swine fever virus (strain p97) were cloned, sequenced and expressed in e. coli. result from sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of expressed proteins revealed the presence of a prominently stained band corresponding to a molecular mass of 61 kda, which is in agreement with the predicted size from the dna sequence. the recombinant e2 protein contained an aminoterminal tag of six histidines that could be used for purification by the nickel che ... | 1998 | 9592734 |
| increased platelet microvesicle formation is associated with mortality in a porcine model of endotoxemia. | gram-negative sepsis in humans and endotoxemia in pigs induce the formation of platelet microvesicles. these microvesicles are active in homeostasis and may thus contribute to the outcome in patients with activated coagulation and fibrinolysis. we decided to prospectively evaluate the effects of endotoxemia on microvesicle formation and some common physiologic variables against survival in a porcine model. | 1998 | 9605371 |
| prevalences of resistance to seven antimicrobials among fecal escherichia coli of swine on thirty-four farrow-to-finish farms in ontario, canada. | fecal specimens were composited and a hydrophobic-grid membrane-filter method was used to measure antimicrobial resistance to ampicillin 16 micrograms/ml, carbadox 30 micrograms/ml, gentamicin 4 mu/ml, nitrofurantoin 32 micrograms/ml, spectinomycin 16 micrograms/ml, sulfisoxazole 32 micrograms/ml and tetracycline 8 micrograms/ml among 8119 escherichia coli isolates from 68 fecal samples collected on 34 farrow-to-finish swine farms marketing over 500 hogs/yr. the overall prevalences of resistance ... | 1998 | 9618741 |
| in vitro disulfide-coupled folding of guanylyl cyclase-activating peptide and its precursor protein. | guanylyl cyclase-activating peptide ii (gcap-ii), an endogenous ligand of particulate guanylyl cyclase c (gc-c), is processed from the precursor protein and circulates in human blood. gcap-ii consists of 24 amino acid residues and contains two disulfide bridges. the correct disulfide paring of gcap-ii is an absolute requirement for its biological activity. this study shows that the folding of the peptide from the reduced form yields a peptide with the native disulfide paring as a minor product a ... | 1998 | 9622502 |
| factors affecting the heat resistance of escherichia coli o157:h7. | escherichia coli o157:h7 has been reported as being not particularly heat resistant. however, several factors which might increase its heat resistance have been investigated in this study using five strains. increase in growth temperature to 40 degrees c, as found in the cow gut, heat-shock at sub-lethal temperatures of 42, 45, 48 and 50 degrees c, and variable heating rate (1 degree c min-1 to 23 degrees c min-1) had no dramatic effect on heat resistance. growth phase had a marked impact on hea ... | 1998 | 9633099 |
| potent enzyme inhibitors derived from dromedary heavy-chain antibodies. | evidence is provided that dromedary heavy-chain antibodies, in vivo-matured in the absence of light chains, are a unique source of inhibitory antibodies. after immunization of a dromedary with bovine erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase and porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase, it was demonstrated that a considerable amount of heavy-chain antibodies, acting as true competitive inhibitors, circulate in the bloodstream. in contrast, the conventional antibodies apparently do not interact with the enzyme's ac ... | 1998 | 9649422 |
| detection of lawsonia intracellularis, serpulina hyodysenteriae, weakly beta-haemolytic intestinal spirochaetes, salmonella enterica, and haemolytic escherichia coli from swine herds with and without diarrhoea among growing pigs. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was optimized to detect lawsonia intracellularis in faeces from naturally infected pigs. by combining a boiling procedure to extract dna and a nested pcr procedure, a detection limit at 2 x 10(2) bacterial cells per gram of faeces was achieved. the optimized pcr was used together with conventional culture techniques to detect serpulina hyodysenteriae, weakly beta-haemolytic intestinal spirochaetes (wbhis), salmonella enterica, and haemolytic escherichia coli, in ... | 1998 | 9659692 |
| effect of induced hyperglycemia on brain cell membrane function and energy metabolism during the early phase of experimental meningitis in newborn piglets. | this study was done to elucidate the mechanism of hypoglycorrhachia and elevated lactate concentrations leading to neuronal dysfunction in neonatal meningitis, and to determine the effects of induced hyperglycemia on these disturbances. thirty-eight newborn piglets were divided into three groups: 12 in the control group (cg), 12 in the normoglycemic meningitis group (ng), and 14 in the hyperglycemic meningitis group (hg). meningitis was induced by intracisternal injection of 108 cfu of escherich ... | 1998 | 9666126 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci for immune capacity in the pig. | immune capacity traits show considerable genetic variation in outbred populations. to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) for immune capacity in the pig, various measures of immune function (total and differential leukocyte counts, neutrophil phagocytosis, mitogen-induced proliferation, il-2 production, and virus induced ifn-alpha production in whole blood cultures, and ab responses to two escherichia coli antigens) were determined in 200 f2 animals from a wild pig-swedish yorkshire intercro ... | 1998 | 9670960 |
| pathogenic adaptation of escherichia coli by natural variation of the fimh adhesin. | conventional wisdom regarding mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis holds that pathogens arise by external acquisition of distinct virulence factors, whereas determinants shared by pathogens and commensals are considered to be functionally equivalent and have been ignored as genes that could become adapted specifically for virulence. it is shown here, however, that genetic variation in an originally commensal trait, the fimh lectin of type 1 fimbriae, can change the tropism of escherichia coli, s ... | 1998 | 9671780 |
| virulence determinants of escherichia coli isolated from milk of sows with coliform mastitis. | escherichia coli isolates recovered from the milk of sows with coliform mastitis were examined to determine their biochemical and serologic characteristics, serum resistance and ability to adhere to fibronectin and bovine fetal fibroblasts. no common biotype was identified, and a variety of serovars were detected. ninety-five per cent of the investigated strains were serum resistant in swine serum. binding to fibronectin was demonstrated in most of the strains. at a binding level above 13% of th ... | 1998 | 9673580 |
| small heat shock protein of methanococcus jannaschii, a hyperthermophile. | small heat shock proteins (shsps) belong to a family of 12- to 43-kda proteins that are ubiquitous and are conserved in amino acid sequence among all organisms. a shsp homologue of methanococcus jannaschii, a hyperthermophilic archaeon, forms a homogeneous multimer comprised of 24 monomers with a molecular mass of 400 kda in contrast to other shsps that show heterogeneous oligomeric complexes. electron microscopy analysis revealed a spherically shaped oligomeric structure approximately 15-20 nm ... | 1998 | 9689045 |
| dietary zinc oxide in weaned pigs--effects on performance, tissue concentrations, morphology, neutrophil functions and faecal microflora. | the uptake and distribution of zinc in tissues and the effects of 2500 ppm dietary zinc oxide on health, faecal microflora, and the functions of circulating neutrophils were evaluated in weaned pigs. one group was fed a zinc supplement diet and another group was used as a control. all pigs remained healthy throughout the study, but the supplemented animals showed better performance than the controls. the serum zinc values rose rapidly. at autopsy, carried out at the age of 63 days, the zinc conc ... | 1998 | 9690608 |
| actin enhances the haemolytic activity of escherichia coli. | actin is a major cytoskeletal protein of mammalian muscle and non-muscle cells. exposure of cells to soluble factors that damage cell membranes results in the release of actin into the extracellular spaces. the alpha-haemolysin (hlya) of escherichia coli is the prototype rtx (repeat in toxin) toxin and is thought to be important in virulence because of its ability to lyse cells by formation of pores in the cell membrane. these studies were conducted to determine if actin influences growth and ha ... | 1998 | 9695917 |
| stress-induced fractal rearrangement of the endothelial cell cytoskeleton causes apoptosis. | apoptosis, a mechanism of cell death prominent in critical illnesses including disseminated inflammation and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome, is characterized by morphologic changes including cell shrinkage, condensation of organelles, blebbing, and chromatin fragmentation. these phenomena suggest substantial changes in cytoskeletal structure. we hypothesized that stress-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells is, in part, a consequence of a critical cytoskeletal rearrangement. | 1998 | 9706160 |
| efficacy of washing and sanitizing trailers used for swine transport in reduction of salmonella and escherichia coli. | healthy pigs can carry salmonella in their intestine and may shed this pathogen because of stresses incurred during transportation, contaminating trailer floors and bedding material. if not cleaned and sanitized between trips, trailers and bedding have the potential to infect other farms, the abattoir environment, or other animals with salmonella. floors and bedding material from pig trailers were sampled to determine the efficacy of the abattoir-developed washing and sanitizing regime on the le ... | 1998 | 9708249 |
| an efficient sampling technique used to detect four foodborne pathogens on pork and beef carcasses in nine belgian abattoirs. | the method presented in this paper should prove useful in assessing the effectiveness of haccp plans developed in slaughterhouses. samples were collected by swabbing well-defined areas of pork and beef carcasses with sterile gauze. between 160 and 420 half-carcasses were swabbed in each of nine pork or beef slaughterhouses. swabs from five carcasses were placed in the same sterile stomacher bag, constituting a single composite sample. standard or validated analytical methods were used to isolate ... | 1998 | 9709223 |
| endotoxin-stimulated alveolar macrophage recruitment of neutrophils and modulation with exogenous surfactant. | to determine whether endotoxin-stimulated alveolar macrophages would attract neutrophils and whether exogenous surfactant treatment would modulate this chemoattraction. | 1998 | 9710102 |
| properties of repeat domain found in a novel protective antigen, spaa, of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. | erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a small gram-positive rod bacterium that causes erysipelas in swine and a variety of diseases in other animals and humans. although live-attenuated or bacterin vaccines are effective in protecting against erysipelas, the genetic construction of their active antigen has not been identified. to clarify the surface antigen(s) involved in protective and arthritic response, using monoclonal antibody i2a against the surface proteins of e. rhusiopathiae, we identified a ... | 1998 | 9712689 |
| assessment of phagocytic capacity and opsonic activity in blood and mammary secretions during lactation in sows. | the objective of this study was to determine whether phagocytic capacity and opsonic activity in blood and mammary secretions of sows are impaired at parturition compared with later on during lactation. the study comprised eight primiparous sows (landrace x yorkshire) free from clinical signs of disease. blood and mammary secretion samples were collected within 48 h of parturition and 7 and 16 days after parturition. numbers and proportion of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn) were determined i ... | 1998 | 9719768 |
| depression of endothelial and smooth muscle cell oxygen consumption by endotoxin. | an optical method based on the oxygen-dependent quenching of a phosphorescent probe (palladium-porphyrin) was used to investigate the effect of bacterial endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (lps)] on oxygen consumption (vo2) by vascular cells. endothelial (ec) and smooth muscle (smc) cells from pig aorta were suspended in culture medium in the presence of palladium-porphyrin and transferred to glass capillary tubes that were sealed to create a hypoxic environment. measured po2 changed as a function of ... | 1998 | 9724279 |
| surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from food animals to antimicrobial growth promoters and related therapeutic agents in denmark. | this study was conducted to describe the occurrence of acquired resistance to antimicrobials used for growth promotion among bacteria isolated from swine, cattle and poultry in denmark. resistance to structurally related therapeutic agents was also examined. three categories of bacteria were tested: 1) indicator bacteria (escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium), 2) zoonotic bacteria (campylobacter, salmonella, yersinia enterocolitica), and 3) animal pathogens (e. coli, sta ... | 1998 | 9725794 |
| intrathoracic and extrathoracic sources of exhaled nitric oxide in porcine endotoxemic shock. | nitric oxide (no), a highly reactive species produced by the activity of no synthases (nos), is normally present in the exhaled air of humans and animals. exhaled no concentration increases significantly in humans with sepsis and animals, but neither the source nor nos isoforms responsible for this rise in pulmonary no production are known. the main objective of this study is to determine the sites and the mechanisms of enhanced no production in the exhaled air of endotoxemic pigs. | 1998 | 9726747 |
| endotoxaemic liver injury in a porcine model--relation to tumour necrosis factor-alpha release and survival. | the effects of a continuous infusion of e. coli endotoxin on liver blood chemistry, plasma tnfalpha and blood pressure were evaluated in relation to survival in 18 anaesthetized pigs. the endotoxin infusion cause both unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin to increase (both p < 0.001), as compared to 6 saline-infused controls. four pigs died during the endotoxin infusion. the plasma levels of tnfalpha of these 4 non-survivors were higher compared to tnfalpha of the 14 surviving endotoxaemic pigs ... | 1998 | 9730305 |
| effects of a direct-fed yeast culture on enteric microbial populations, fermentation acids, and performance of weanling pigs. | in three replicate trials, a total of 36 pigs that had been cannulated at the terminal ileum were used to determine the effects of a saccharomyces cerevisiae culture in a phase feeding program (phase i was d 0 to 7 and phase ii was d 8 to 21) on performance, ileal microflora, and short-chain fatty acids in weanling pigs. pigs were cannulated at approximately 12 d of age, weaned at 17 d of age, and randomly assigned to one of three treatments: 1) a pelleted phase feeding program, 2) a similar pro ... | 1998 | 9734864 |
| in vitro inhibition of adhesion of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli k88 to piglet intestinal mucus by egg-yolk antibodies. | the objective of the study was to determine if the adhesion of e. coli k88 to piglet intestinal mucus could be inhibited in vitro by spray-dried egg-yolk anti-k88 antibodies. binding of e. coli was monitored using a radioactive assay. four 14+/-2-day-old healthy piglets were used for the preparation of mucus from the small intestine. competition and displacement phenomena were investigated by incubating (a) egg-yolk antibodies and e. coli together prior to adding to the mucus and (b) e. coli and ... | 1998 | 9753004 |
| an improved direct plate method for the enumeration of stressed escherichia coli o157:h7 from food. | the use of sorbitol macconkey agar (smac) performed poorly in supporting growth of stressed escherichia coli o157:h7 cells. up to a 3-log difference was observed between counts on smac and tryptone soy agar (tsa). it is critical in the risk assessment of certain foods to be able to enumerate stressed and healthy e. coli o157:h7 in a background of potentially healthy competing bacteria. investigations carried out to overcome the inhibitory effect of smac included the reduction of the selective ag ... | 1998 | 9766057 |
| identification of a common antigenic site in the nucleocapsid protein of european and north american isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) nucleocapsid (n) protein has been identified as the most immunodominant viral protein. the n protein genes from two prrsv isolates olot/91 (european) and quebec 807/94 (north american) were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli using the pet3x system. the antigenic structure of the prrsv n protein was dissected using seven monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and overlapping fragments of the protein expressed in e.coli. three antigenic sites ... | 1998 | 9782317 |
| prokaryotic expression of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus orf3. | wild type (wt) and cell culture adapted (ca) strains of the coronavirus pedv differ in their ability to cause diarrhea in neonate piglets: the wt strains are virulent; the ca strains are attenuated. comparison of the available nucleotide sequences obtained from the different viral isolates revealed almost complete sequence identity with the exception of variations and truncations in open reading frame 3 (orf3) observed exclusively in ca-pedv isolates. in order to study the biological function(s) ... | 1998 | 9782357 |
| regional differences in the effect of cholera toxin and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli infection on electrolyte and fluid transport in the porcine small intestine. | the regional differences in secretory and absorptive responses to cholera toxin (ct) and to infection by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), producing heat-stable enterotoxins, were studied in the porcine small intestine. proximal, mid and distal small intestine from newly weaned piglets were used. na+ and cl- fluxes and electrical parameters in ct-stimulated and etec-infected intestine were measured by the ussing chamber technique. in addition, ct-induced fluid accumulation in ligated loop ... | 1998 | 9793468 |
| the effects of hyperoxia on the biosynthesis of cyclooxygenase products and haemodynamic response to nitric oxide synthase inhibition with l-name in endotoxaemic pigs. | the interaction between constitutive nitric oxide and oxygen may depend on the degree of tissue oxygenation and may play a critical role in the pathophysiological response to endotoxaemia. we investigated if hyperoxia (100% o2) attenuated the systemic and pulmonary vasoconstriction and increased biosynthesis of thromboxane b2 (txb2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin (pg) f1alpha induced by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase with ng-nitro-l-arginine-methyl-ester (l-name) in a porcine model of endotoxaemi ... | 1998 | 9811434 |
| antigenic stimuli do not influence thymic b lymphocytes: a morphological and functional study in germ-free and conventionally reared piglets. | we have recently reported that thymic b lymphocytes (tbl) are the first b-cell subpopulation undergoing isotype switching to igg and iga during embryonic life. the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of antigenic stimulation on tbl location and activity using a germ-free (gf) newborn pig model, in which maternal antibodies and antigens do not affect b-cell development. immunohistological analysis showed that tbl were disseminated mainly in the thymic medulla. there were no differences ... | 1998 | 9814590 |
| application and evaluation of male-specific bacteriophage as a process integrity or faecal contamination indicator in a pork slaughterhouse environment. | a male-specific bacteriophage plaque assay was evaluated as a faecal contamination or process integrity indicator for aspects of the pork slaughter process. over 400 samples were tested including: sponge swabs from animal hauling trailer floors and dressed carcass surfaces; faecal material; water from slaughter sites; and water from each stage of wastewater treatment. bacteriophage were observed in wastewater, trailers, slaughter process water and swine faeces. no bacteriophage were observed on ... | 1998 | 9830126 |
| adenoviral mediated gene transfer to the porcine liver in vivo. | | 1998 | 9838285 |
| effects of a combined antithrombin iii and protein c supplementation in porcine acute endotoxic shock. | antithrombin iii (atiii) and protein c (pc) are major inhibitors of the coagulation cascade and might regulate the cytokine network. we tested the possibility that a combined supplementation using these two inhibitors might have synergistic effects on sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation and shock. hemodynamics, coagulation parameters, tumor necrosis factor (tnf) alpha, and interleukin 6 levels were measured in pigs submitted to a bolus infusion of escherichia coli endotoxin (li ... | 1998 | 9840653 |
| inhaled nitric oxide prevents left ventricular impairment during endotoxemia. | we evaluated the effect of long-term inhalation of nitric oxide (no) on cardiac contractility after endotoxemia by using the end-systolic elastance of the left ventricle (lv) as a load-independent contractility index. chronic instrumentation in 12 pigs included implantation of two pairs of endocardial dimension transducers to measure lv volume and a micromanometer to measure lv pressure. one week later, the animals were divided into a control group (n = 6) or a no group (n = 6). all animals rece ... | 1998 | 9843521 |
| porcine recombinant dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase: comparison of the spectroscopic and catalytic properties of the wild-type and c671a mutant enzymes. | dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase catalyzes, in the rate-limiting step of the pyrimidine degradation pathway, the nadph-dependent reduction of uracil and thymine to dihydrouracil and dihydrothymine, respectively. the porcine enzyme is a homodimeric iron-sulfur flavoprotein (2 x 111 kda). c671, the residue postulated to be in the uracil binding site and to act as the catalytically essential acidic residue of the enzyme oxidative half-reaction, was replaced by an alanyl residue. the mutant enzyme wa ... | 1998 | 9860876 |
| identification of an intestinal neutral glycosphingolipid as a phenotype-specific receptor for the k88ad fimbrial adhesin of escherichia coli. | in this study, we identified a receptor for the k88ad fimbrial adhesin of escherichia coli in neutral glycosphingolipid preparations from intestinal epithelial cells of k88ad-adhesive pigs, which was absent in preparations from k88ad-nonadhesive pigs. neither k88ab nor k88ac adhesin variants bound to this neutral glycosphingolipid. because this receptor is an intestinal glycosphingolipid that binds k88ad adhesin, it has been designated iglad. carbohydrate compositional analysis of a partially pu ... | 1999 | 9864211 |
| s19 ribosomal protein cross-linked dimer causes monocyte-predominant infiltration by means of molecular mimicry to complement c5a. | s19 ribosomal protein is a component of the protein-producing machinery, ribosome. when recombinant s19 proteins were cross-linked intermolecularly by plasma transglutaminase (coagulation factor xiiia), this homodimer newly exhibited monocyte chemotactic activity. this effect was specific to monocytes. the s19 protein homodimer shared the immunoreactivity with the complement-derived chemotactic factor, component 5a (c5a). monocytes pretreated with an anti-c5a receptor antibody or with a syntheti ... | 1998 | 9881961 |
| lipid a mutant salmonella with suppressed virulence and tnfalpha induction retain tumor-targeting in vivo. | systemically administered tumor-targeted salmonella has been developed as an anticancer agent, although its use could be limited by the potential induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnfalpha)-mediated septic shock stimulated by lipid a. genetic modifications of tumor-targeting salmonella that alter lipid a and increase safety must, however, retain the useful properties of this bacteria. we report here that disruption of the salmonella msbb gene reduces tnfalpha induction and increases the ... | 1999 | 9920266 |
| hydrophilic thr can replace the hydrophobic and absolutely conservative a3val in insulin. | a mutant insulin, [a3thr]human insulin, was obtained by means of site-directed mutagenesis. the [a3thr]human insulin retains 50% receptor-binding potency and nearly total in vivo biological activity compared with native insulin, and can be crystallized using the same condition of native insulin. the results demonstrate that the absolutely conservative and hydrophobic valine at a3 can be substituted by hydrophilic threonine. | 1998 | 9920385 |
| biophysical characterization of fungal phytases (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolases): molecular size, glycosylation pattern, and engineering of proteolytic resistance. | phytases (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolases) are found naturally in plants and microorganisms, particularly fungi. interest in these enzymes has been stimulated by the fact that phytase supplements increase the availability of phosphorus in pig and poultry feed and thereby reduce environmental pollution due to excess phosphate excretion in areas where there is intensive livestock production. the wild-type phytases from six different fungi, aspergillus niger, aspergillus terreus, as ... | 1999 | 9925554 |
| intestinal and hepatic perfusion and metabolism in hypodynamic endotoxic shock. effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibition. | inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (nos) has been claimed to be beneficial in septic shock. we investigated the overall and regional effects of a nos-inhibitor on perfusion and metabolism during severe endotoxic shock. | 1999 | 9926190 |
| human renin-binding protein is the enzyme n-acetyl-d-glucosamine 2-epimerase. | the existence of human renin-binding protein (rnbp) in the kidney has been shown by the isolation and characterization of a complex of porcine renin-human rnbp [s. takahashi et al. (1985) j. biochem. 97, 671-677]. however, the properties of the free form of human rnbp had not been understood, because of the limitation of materials. in the present study, we have expressed human rnbp in escherichia coli jm 109 cells under the transcriptional control of taq promoter and purified it by conventional ... | 1999 | 9990133 |
| interaction of lipopolysaccharide with human small intestinal lamina propria fibroblasts favors neutrophil migration and peripheral blood mononuclear cell adhesion by the production of proinflammatory mediators and adhesion molecules. | fibroblasts are important effector cells having a potential role in augmenting the inflammatory responses in various diseases. in infantile diarrhea caused by enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec), the mechanism of inflammatory reactions at the mucosal site remains unknown. although the potential involvement of fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of cryptococcus-induced diarrhea in pigs has been suggested, the precise role of lamina propria fibroblasts in the cellular pathogenesis of intestinal i ... | 1999 | 10036324 |
| bacterial factors in the formation of renal scars. an experimental study on the role of escherichia coli p-fimbriation and hydrophobicity. | a model capable of comparing the effects of bacterial virulence factors on renal scarring in vivo has been developed using the female piglet. by creating, at open surgery, unilateral vesicoureteric reflux (vur) and quantifying scarring both by uptake of an isotope bound to functioning renal parenchyma and by planimetry of the surface area scarred, the effects of 2 organisms, a p-fimbriate escherichia coli and an e. coli k1 have been compared. the p-fimbriate e. coli was shown to express p-fimbri ... | 1993 | 10071534 |
| immunogenicity of actinobacillus apxia toxin epitopes fused to the e. coli heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit. | peptides kdygastgssl (epil). sllrrrrngedvsv (epi3) and ddeiygndghp (epi6), predicted to constitute immunogenic epitopes of the hemolysin-cytotoxin apxia of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae were inserted into a surface-exposed loop of the b subunit of the e. coli heat-labile enterotoxin (etxb). the resulting chimeric proteins were recognized by monospecific antibodies against purified native apxi and by convalescent sera of pigs that were positive for a. pleuropneumoniae serotype 1. mice anti-sera ... | 1999 | 10073721 |
| application of reuterin produced by lactobacillus reuteri 12002 for meat decontamination and preservation. | lactobacillus reuteri strain 12002 was used for reuterin production in the two-step fermentation process. a batch culture fermentation was used to produce a maximum biomass of l. reuteri. then cells were harvested, resuspended in a glycerol-water solution, and anaerobically incubated to produce reuterin. the lyophilized supernatants (approximately 4000 activity units (au) of reuterin per ml) were diluted in distilled water for decontamination and preservation trials. the mic values of reuterin f ... | 1999 | 10090245 |
| cloning, sequencing, and expression of an escherichia coli acid phosphatase/phytase gene (appa2) isolated from pig colon. | bacterial strains were isolated from the pig colon to screen for phytase and acid phosphatase activities. among 93 colonies, colony 88 had the highest activities for both enzymes and was identified as an escherichia coli strain. using primers derived from the e. coli ph 2.5 acid phosphatase appa sequence (dassa et al. (1990), j. bacteriol. 172, 5497-5500), we cloned a 1482 bp dna fragment from the isolate. in spite of 95% homology between the sequenced gene and the appa, 7 amino acids were diffe ... | 1999 | 10092520 |
| prevalence of genotypes for fimbriae and enterotoxins and of o serogroups in escherichia coli isolated from diarrheic piglets in korea. | polymerase chain reaction for 4 fimbriae (f4, f5, f6, f41), 2 heat-stable enterotoxins (sta, stb), and 1 heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) were performed on 400 escherichia coli isolates to determine their genotype prevalence among enterotoxigenic e. coli isolates from preweaned pigs with diarrhea in the republic of korea. a total of 200 of the 400 e. coli isolates were also selected for characterization of the o serogroup. of these 200 isolates, serogroup could be determined in 139 (69.5%) but not i ... | 1999 | 10098686 |
| genetic diversity among escherichia coli isolates carrying f18 genes from pigs with porcine postweaning diarrhea and edema disease. | multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was applied to detect allelic variation and multilocus genotypes (electrophoretic types [ets]) among 43 escherichia coli isolates from weaned pigs suffering from edema disease or from diarrhea. ets were analyzed in relation to o serogroups and virulence genes (sta, stb, lt, stx2, and f18) by dna hybridization. genomic diversity was the lowest in serogroup o138, while virulence genes (stx2 and f18) were the most uniform in serogroup o139. in general, the serogrou ... | 1999 | 10203547 |