| transformation of forage legumes using agrobacterium tumefaciens. | galls were induced in six species of forage legumes following inoculation with wild-type strains of a. tumefaciens. the plant species was more influential than the bacterial strain in determining the type of tumour produced. inoculation of medicago sativa resulted in small, disorganised tumours. the three trifolium species, t. repens, t. hybridum and t. pratense, formed galls which tended to produce roots and both onobrychis viciifolia and lotus corniculatus produced teratomatous galls. the shoo ... | 1986 | 24247771 |
| independent integration and seed-transmission of the tr-dna of the octopine ti plasmid pti ach5 in nicotiana plumbaginifolia. | after co-cultivation of diploid nicotiana plumbaginifolia protoplasts with an octopine-type agrobacterium tumefaciens strain (lba 4013) putative transformants were selected for hormone-independent growth, and were tested for t-dna markers. the number of transformants expressing only tl-dna markers, i.e. phytohormone autotrophy and octopine synthase, was an order of magnitude higher than that of the cell lines which were simultaneously positive for both tl- and tr-dna markers (the latter being ma ... | 1986 | 24307226 |
| the transformation of zea mays seedlings with agrobacterium tumefaciens. | virulent strains of the soil bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens infect dicotyledonous plants and elicit a profound neoplastic response which results in crown gall formation (18). the inciting agent has been shown to be a high molecular weight plasmid (ti) a section of which, the t-dna, integrates into the host plant's genome (4, 28, 30). although transformation of this kind was presumed to be limited to dicots, the detection of enzyme activities linked to the expression of t-dna has been demons ... | 1986 | 24302156 |
| electric field mediated stable transformation of carrot protoplasts with naked dna. | we have developed an electroporation procedure for the transformation of carrot protoplasts with ti-plasmid dna from agrobacterium tumefaciens. the uptake of ptic58 into carrot protoplasts was mediated by high voltage electrical pulses at field strengths from 0.5 to 3.8 kv/cm. protoplast regeneration, somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration were unaffected by the electroporation conditions selected for dna uptake. uptake of plasmid ptic58 resulted in hormone independent regeneration of c ... | 1985 | 24254082 |
| brassica grown gall tumourigenesis and in vitro of transformed tissue. | a number of brassica species and cultivars were tested and found to be highly susceptible to crown gall induction by both nopaline and octopine strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens. only b. napus did not form tumours when inoculated with octopine strains. seedlings of very young plants were poor hosts but efficient infection occurred after 8-10 weeks of growth. teratomas arising on tumours in planta were relatively frequent on induction with nopaline strains. axenically cultured tumour calli of ... | 1985 | 24254075 |
| genetic manipulation in cultivars of oilseed rape (brassica napus) using agrobacterium. | the response of oilseed rape cultivars to infection with agrobacterium tumefaciens and a. rhizogenes and the possibility of regenerating genetically transformed oilseed rape plants were examined. the frequency at which agrobacterium induced galls or hairy-roots on in vitro cultured plants ranged from 10% to 70%, depending on the cultivar. from galls induced by the tumorigenic strain t37, known to be strongly shoot inducing on tobacco, roots developed frequently. occasionally, shoots formed and s ... | 1985 | 24247402 |
| the role of bacterial attachment in the transformation of cell-wall-regenerating tobacco protoplasts by agrobacterium tumefaciens. | the presence of a newly formed primary cell wall was shown to be required for attachment and subsequent transformation of tobacco leaf protoplasts by agrobacterium tumefaciens in cocultivation experiments. in these experiments both protoplasts at different stages after their isolation and cell-wall inhibitors were used. the specificity of agrobacterium attachment was shown by using other kinds of bacteria that did not attach. by diminishing the concentration of divalent cations using ethylenedia ... | 1985 | 24241510 |
| transformation of protoplast-derived cell colonies and suspension cultures by agrobacterium tumefaciens. | in this paper we describe procedures for transforming micro colonies derived from mesophyll protoplasts of petunia hybrida with agrobacterium tumefaciens. the method is efficient, up to 70% of the colonies were transformed, and we used a similar method to transform cells from a suspension culture of haploid nicotiana plumbaginifolia. | 1985 | 24253882 |
| structure and expression of dna transferred to tobacco via transformation of protoplasts with ti-plasmid dna: co-transfer of t-dna and non t-dna sequences. | the t-dna structure and organization in tissues obtained via transformation of tobacco protoplasts with ti-plasmid dna was found to be completely different from the t-dna introduced via agrobacterium tumefaciens. it is often fragmented. overlapping copies of t-dna, having various sizes, as well as separated fragments of t-dna were detected. the border sequences of 23 basepairs (bp), flanking the t-region in the ti-plasmid as direct repeats are not used as preferred sequences for integration. sim ... | 1985 | 24306763 |
| resistance to hygromycin b : a new marker for plant transformation studies. | a bacterial gene encoding hygromycin phosphotransferase has been modified for expression in tobacco cells. the aphiv gene from escherichia coli was inserted between the 5' sequence of an octopine synthase gene and the 3' sequence from a nopaline synthase gene. the new gene was incorporated between t-dna border fragments in the broad-host-range vector pkt210 to form a micro-ti plasmid. agrobacterium tumefaciens containing this plasmid and a ti plasmid as helper was used to incite crown gall tumor ... | 1985 | 24306569 |
| tumor formation on plants by mixtures of attenuated agrobacterium tumefaciens t-dna mutants. | the inoculation of plants with mixtures consisting of an a. tumefaciens mutant with a mutation in the auxin-locus of the t-dna and a mutant with a mutation in the cytokinin-locus of the t-dna invariably led to full tumor induction, in spite of the low oncogenicity of each of the mutants when inoculated separately. a similar complementation was observed when mixtures of certain auxin-locus mutants were used for infection. in these experiments the auxin-locus mutants fell into two classes. one cla ... | 1984 | 24310566 |
| silent t-dna genes in plant lines transformed by agrobacterium tumefaciens are activated by grafting and by 5-azacytidine treatment. | a shooty tumor induced by a shooter mutant of an octopine strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens was cloned. one clone obtained (ts038) behaved aberrantly in that it grew as a shooty tumor tissue on phytohormone free medium, but did not contain octopine synthase activity. in line ts038 the genes for octopine synthase and for the enzymes involved in agropine and mannopine synthesis were present, but were not transcribed. however, the above genes became active in ts038 tumor shoots after grafting as ... | 1984 | 24310565 |
| ethylene production by shoot-forming and unorganized crown-gall tumor tissues of nicotiana and lycopersicon cultured in vitro. | we have studied ethylene biosynthesis in cloned crown-gall cell lines of nicotiana tabacum l., n. glutinosa l., and lycopersicon esculentum (l.) mill. transformed by the a6 strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith and townsend) conn. or a tms (shooty) mutant strain, a66. both the synthesis of the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclo-propane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) and the conversion of acc to ethylene were affected by crown-gall transformation. all a6-transformed cell lines contained about 50 times ... | 1984 | 24253841 |
| fusion of agrobacterium and e. coli spheroplasts with nicotiana tabacum protoplasts - direct gene transfer from microorganism to higher plant. | spheroplasts of agrobacterium tumefaciens strains and e. coli were fused with protoplasts of nicotiana tabacum. fusion products were cultured in the presence of antibiotics to eliminate remaining bacterial spheroplasts. on hormone free medium, tobacco protoplasts treated with wild type agrobacterium-strains formed colonies with an average frequency of 10(-4). opine synthesis was detected in the tissues. some calli derived from protoplasts treated with a. tumefaciens c58c1pri15834 formed typical ... | 1984 | 24253394 |
| induction and in vitro culture of soybean crown gall tumors. | induction of crown galls on 4-6 week old soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) plants cultured in growth chambers was obtained with agrobacterium tumefaciens strains c58, t37 and ach5. the crown galls were isolated and cultured in vitro as sterile callus and liquid suspension cultures. transformation was tested by opine tests and by molecular hybridization of restricted cell dna with t-dna fragments. protoplasts were isolated from suspension cultures. transformed protoplasts regenerate cell walls, di ... | 1983 | 24258052 |
| from tumour to tuber; tumour cell characteristics and chromosome numbers of crown gall-derived tetraploid potato plants (solanum tuberosum cv. 'maris bard'). | agrobacterium tumefaciens strains, known to induce tobacco crown galls that spontaneously develop shoots, were used to induce galls on cultured shoots of a tetraploid potato cultivar (solanum tuberosum cv. 'maris bard'). shoots also appeared spontaneously from the induced potato galls, although only after 2-4 months. the shoots were excised and cultured separately. some of these frequently developed side-shoots from their axillary buds. they did not form roots and they produced opines, a strong ... | 1983 | 24263772 |
| studies on the structure of cointegrates between octopine and nopaline ti-plasmids and their tumour-inducing properties. | stable cointegrates between incrh-1 octopine (ach5) and nopaline (c58) ti-plasmids, present in ten independently isolated agrobacterium tumefaciens strains, showed identical restriction endonuclease patterns. each cointegration event had taken place in the common sequence between the t-regions of both ti-plasmids. this illustrates a high preference for this region when used in the formation of cointegrates. four crown gall tissues, obtained after transformation of nicotiana tabacum cells by one ... | 1982 | 24318033 |
| influence of a crown-gall tumor initiation enhancer on bacterial attachment to the host plant cell wall. | the competitive activities of different plant cell walls upon agrobacterium tumefaciens attachment have been studied in vitro by means of two crown-gall tumor initiation assays. the low or high susceptibility of different plant species is independent of their capacity to cause bacterial cells to adhere to specific sites on the plant cell walls. however, the attachment properties of cell wall fragments derived from helianthus cotyledons seem to be age-dependent. it is found that a tumor initiatio ... | 1982 | 24272582 |
| evidence for the existence of a universal crown-gall tumor initiation enhancer. | tumor initiation of different dicotyledonous plant species inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens b6 has been studied in vivo and in vitro. the tumor formation in weakly susceptible plants can be strongly enhanced by exogenously applied active extract fractions derived from highly susceptible helianthus cotyledons. it is found that highly susceptible plants (kalanchoë, lycopersicon and pinto beans) contain an active tumor initiation enhancer which is clearly similar to the compound(s) found i ... | 1982 | 24272581 |
| double infection of tobacco plants by two complementing octopine t-region mutants of agrobacterium tumefaciens. | the molecular basis of complementation by a mixture of two different types of octopine t-region mutants (lba4060 and lba4210) was studied. six randomly chosen cellular clones derived from a tumor obtained after mixed infection were analyzed for their t-dna content via southern blot hybridization. the clones appeared to contain t-dna that originated from each of both mutants, indicating that they developed from doubly infected single cells. genetic complementation, therefore, might explain at lea ... | 1982 | 24317964 |
| the lysopinedehydrogenase gene used as a marker for the selection of octopine crown gall cells. | plant cells transformed into octopine-synthesizing tumour cells by the bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens survive when cultured in the presence of homo-arginine (ha), whereas both normal plant cells and nopaline producing plant tumour cells do not. survival of octopine crown gall cells is due to the activity of the enzyme lysopinedehydrogenase (lpdh) in these cells, which converts toxic homo-arginine into non-toxic homo-octopine. the selective toxicity of homo-arginine for normal cells can be a ... | 1982 | 24317894 |
| phytohormones in the formation of crown gall tumors. | crown gall tumors were initiated in a variety of plant species by infection with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6 and the concomitant changes in the tissue levels of phytohormones, mainly indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and cytokinins, were analyzed. a comparison was made of these hormones with those produced by virulent and avirulent strains of the bacterium in liquid culture and with those of bacteria-free crown gall callus cultures. specific radioimmunoassays were employed for hormone determina ... | 1981 | 24276937 |
| t-dna of a crown gall teratoma is covalently joined to host plant dna. | agrobacterium tumefaciens strains containing tumour-inducing (ti) plasmids incite cancerous growths called crown galls when inoculated into wounded dicotyledonous plants. tumour tissue can be cultured axenically in vitro, and exhibits a transformed phenotype in the absence of the inciting bacterium. transformed cells grow autonomously, are auxin and cytokinin autotrophic in vitro and synthesize opines, novel amino acid derivatives dictated by ti plasmid genetic information. a small segment of th ... | 1980 | 24627935 |
| the involvement of the 3':5'-cyclic-amp phosphodiesterase in transformation and growth of crown-gall tumors in bryophyllum daigremontianum. | in crown-gall tumor tissue obtained from leaves of bryophyllum daigremontianum an adenosine 3':5'-cyclic phosphate (3':5'-cyclic-amp) degrading activity increases up to 2.5 fold until the fifth day after inoculation with agrobacterium tumefaciens, declining to the value of the control in the solid tumor. theophylline up to 1 mmol l(-1) given to wounded leaves of bryophyllum daigremontianum has no effect on the number of tumors. the effect of higher concentrations given over extended periods can ... | 1977 | 24420634 |
| | two auxin oxidases with distinct antigenic specificities have been identified in extracts of plant tumor induced in datura stramonium by agrobacterium tumefaciens. auxin oxidase and peroxidase activities are demonstrated for both enzymes. the adaptation of an immunochemical method allows the quantitative evaluation of both enzymes in different plant tissue extracts. the amount of these enzymes which is low in the organ of the healthy plant increases during tumorisation, healing and in vitro cult ... | 1971 | 11945769 |
| [the chlorophyll content of tumors from pale and green leaf tissues of kalanchoe fedtschenkoi]. | pale and green leaves of kalanchoe fedtschenkoi var. variegata were inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens. six weeks later the chlorophyll contents of the leaves and their tumors were investigated. the tumor tissues possess very similar concentrations of chlorophylls and a low number of chloroplasts per cell. thereby they differ from each of the initial tissues. the qualitative composition of pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids) of the 4 tissues is the same. | 1970 | 24500130 |
| [submerse bacterial plant tumor on roots]. | spontaneous infections seem to indicate that not only the crown of herbeous plants is disposed to generate tumors. under substrate conditions such as those normally found at the crown, infections caused by agrobacterium tumefaciens will yield tumors in the entire area of the roots.roots of helianthus annuus and solanum lycopersicum grown in nutritive medium are disposed to tumor when given appropriate conditions of culture and inoculation. tissue culture, the most widely applied method for the a ... | 1968 | 24522818 |
| [acquired immunity in the crown-gall [agrobacterium tumefaciens]]. | | 1954 | 14357926 |
| comparative investigation of the reaction mechanisms of the organophosphate-degrading phosphotriesterases from agrobacterium radiobacter (opda) and pseudomonas diminuta (oph). | metal ion-dependent, organophosphate-degrading enzymes have acquired increasing attention due to their ability to degrade and thus detoxify commonly used pesticides and nerve agents such as sarin. the best characterized of these enzymes are from pseudomonas diminuta (oph) and agrobacterium radiobacter (opda). despite high sequence homology (>90 % identity) and conserved metal ion coordination these enzymes display considerable variations in substrate specificity, metal ion affinity/preference an ... | 2014 | 25104333 |
| biochemical and biocatalytic characterization of 17 novel halohydrin dehalogenases. | halohydrin dehalogenases are rare but catalytically remarkable enzymes since they are able to form novel c-c, c-o, c-n, or c-s bonds. very recently, a motif-based sequence database mining approach resulted in the identification of 37 novel halohydrin dehalogenase enzymes, many of them exhibiting only low sequence similarity to previously known halohydrin dehalogenases. in an attempt to explore the biocatalytic potential of these newly identified enzymes, 17 representatives from all six phylogene ... | 2016 | 27052376 |
| optimization of translation profiles enhances protein expression and solubility. | mrna is translated with a non-uniform speed that actively coordinates co-translational folding of protein domains. using structure-based homology we identified the structural domains in epoxide hydrolases (ehs) and introduced slow-translating codons to delineate the translation of single domains. these changes in translation speed dramatically improved the solubility of two ehs of metagenomic origin in escherichia coli. conversely, the importance of transient attenuation for the folding, and con ... | 2015 | 25965266 |
| toxicity of cadmium particle dust in bacterial cells. | when thiobacillus intermedius 13-1, escherichia coli jm109, and agrobacterium radiobacter ifo12665b1 were cultured in lb liquid medium containing 0.03 g or 0.1 g of cadmium particle dust, growth was strongly inhibited. expose of cells to cadmium particle resulted in an increase in ph and concentration of ammonium ions. no cadmium particle attachment to the outer wall of t. intermedius or cell wall disruption was observed by transmission electron microscopy. | 1999 | 27389508 |
| spectroscopic and mechanistic studies of dinuclear metallohydrolases and their biomimetic complexes. | an enhanced understanding of the metal ion binding and active site structural features of phosphoesterases such as the glycerophosphodiesterase from enterobacter aerogenes (gpdq), and the organophosphate degrading agent from agrobacterium radiobacter (opda) have important consequences for potential applications. coupled with investigations of the metalloenzymes, programs of study to synthesise and characterise model complexes based on these metalloenzymes can add to our understanding of structur ... | 2014 | 24135968 |
| binuclear metallohydrolases: complex mechanistic strategies for a simple chemical reaction. | binuclear metallohydrolases are a large family of enzymes that require two closely spaced transition metal ions to carry out a plethora of hydrolytic reactions. representatives include purple acid phosphatases (paps), enzymes that play a role in bone metabolism and are the only member of this family with a heterovalent binuclear center in the active form (fe(3+)-m(2+), m = fe, zn, mn). other members of this family are urease, which contains a di-ni(2+) center and catalyzes the breakdown of urea, ... | 2012 | 22698580 |
| composition of the microflora of witloof chicory seeds. | the bacterial microflora of nine varieties of witloof chicory (cichorium intybus l. var.foliosum hegi) seeds was studied. the 184 isolates were characterized by protein profiles determined by sds-protein polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the total cell proteins. isolates with identical protein profiles were grouped into one fingerprint type. sixty-seven fingerprint types were distinguished. two quantitatively major fingerprint types,erwinia herbicola and an arthrobacter, represented 52% of t ... | 1988 | 24201719 |
| diversity of sporadic symbionts and nonsymbiotic endophytic bacteria isolated from nodules of woody, shrub, and food legumes in ethiopia. | fifty-five bacterial isolates were obtained from surface-sterilized nodules of woody and shrub legumes growing in ethiopia: crotalaria spp., indigofera spp., and erythrina brucei, and the food legumes soybean and common bean. based on partial 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, the majority of the isolates were identified as gram-negative bacteria belonging to the genera achromobacter, agrobacterium, burkholderia, cronobacter, enterobacter, mesorhizobium, novosphingobium, pantoea, pseudomonas, rahn ... | 2013 | 24196581 |
| immobilized synthetic pathway for biodegradation of toxic recalcitrant pollutant 1,2,3-trichloropropane. | the anthropogenic compound 1,2,3-trichloropropane (tcp) has recently drawn attention as an emerging groundwater contaminant. no living organism, natural or engineered, is capable of the efficient aerobic utilization of this toxic industrial waste product. we describe a novel biotechnology for transforming tcp based on an immobilized synthetic pathway. the pathway is composed of three enzymes from two different microorganisms: engineered haloalkane dehalogenase from rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb ... | 2014 | 24787668 |
| direct fluorescence detection of vire2 secretion by agrobacterium tumefaciens. | vire2 is a ssdna binding protein essential for virulence in agrobacterium tumefaciens. a tetracysteine mutant (vire2-tc) was prepared for in vitro and in vivo fluorescence imaging based on the reash reagent. vire2-tc was found to be biochemically active as it binds both ssdna and the acidic secretion chaperone vire1. it was also biologically functional in complementing vire2 null strains transforming arabidopsis thaliana roots and nicotiana tabacum leaves. in vitro experiments demonstrated a two ... | 2017 | 28403156 |
| overexpression of sbap37 in rice alleviates concurrent imposition of combination stresses and modulates different sets of leaf protein profiles. | sbap37 transcription factor contributes to a combination of abiotic stresses when applied simultaneously in rice. it modulates a plethora of proteins that might regulate the downstream pathways to impart salt stress tolerance. apetala type of transcription factor was isolated from sorghum bicolor (sbap37), overexpressed in rice using a salt inducible abscisic acid 2 (aba2) promoter through agrobacterium tumefaciens following in planta method. transgenics were confirmed by pcr amplification of sb ... | 2017 | 28393269 |
| characterization and mutational analysis of a nicotinamide mononucleotide deamidase from agrobacterium tumefaciens showing high thermal stability and catalytic efficiency. | nad+ has emerged as a crucial element in both bioenergetic and signaling pathways since it acts as a key regulator of cellular and organismal homeostasis. among the enzymes involved in its recycling, nicotinamide mononucleotide (nmn) deamidase is one of the key players in the bacterial pyridine nucleotide cycle, where it catalyzes the conversion of nmn into nicotinic acid mononucleotide (namn), which is later converted to nad+ in the preiss-handler pathway. the biochemical characteristics of bac ... | 2017 | 28388636 |
| agrobacterium deltaense sp. nov., an endophytic bacteria isolated from nodule of sesbania cannabina. | a gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic rods, strain yic4121(t), was isolated from root nodule of sesbania cannabina grown in dongying (yellow river delta), shandong province, pr china. based on phylogenetic analysis of 16 s rrna gene sequences, strain yic4121(t) was assigned to the genus agrobacterium with 99.7, 99.3, 99.0, 98.8 and 98.7% sequence similarities to agrobacterium radiobacter lmg140(t), a. pusense nrcpb10(t), a. arsenijevicii kfb 330(t), a. nepotum 39/7(t) and a. larrymoorei at ... | 2017 | 28386665 |
| catalytic activity of halohydrin dehalogenases towards spiroepoxides. | a novel activity of halohydrin dehalogenases towards spiroepoxides has been found. the enzyme from arthrobacter sp. (hhea) catalysed highly regioselective azidolysis of spiroepoxides containing 5, 6 and 7-membered cycloalkane rings, while the enzyme from agrobacterium radiobacter (hhec), besides high regioselectivity, also displayed moderate to high enantioselectivity (e up to >200) that can be applied for the kinetic resolution of chiral spiroepoxides. the orientations of spiroepoxides in the a ... | 2012 | 22622806 |
| key residues for controlling enantioselectivity of halohydrin dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain ad2, revealed by structure-guided directed evolution. | halohydrin dehalogenase from agrobacterium radiobacter ad1 (hhec) is a valuable tool in the preparation of r enantiomers of epoxides and β-substituted alcohols. in contrast, the halohydrin dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. ad2 (hhea) shows a low s enantioselectivity toward most aromatic substrates. here, three amino acids (v136, l141, and n178) located in the two neighboring active-site loops of hhea were proposed to be the key residues for controlling enantioselectivity. they were subjected to ... | 2012 | 22327597 |
| quorum sensing molecules production by nosocomial and soil isolates acinetobacter baumannii. | acinetobacter species remain alive in hospitals on various surfaces, both dry and moist, forming an important source of hospital infections. these bacteria are naturally resistant to many antibiotic classes. although the role of the quorum sensing system in regulating the virulence factors of acinetobacter species has not been fully elucidated, it has been reported that they play a role in bacterial biofilm formation. the biofilm formation helps them to survive under unfavorable growth condition ... | 2017 | 28688010 |
| bacillus subtilis affects mirnas and flavanoids production in agrobacterium-tobacco interaction. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is a very destructive plant pathogen. selection of effective biological agents against this pathogen depends on more insight into molecular plant defence responses during the biocontrol agent-pathogen interaction. auxin as a phytohormone is a key contributor in pathogenesis and plant defence and accumulation of auxin transport carriers are accompanied by increasing in flavonoid and mirnas concentrations during plant interactions with bacteria. the aim of this research w ... | 2017 | 28624685 |
| relationship between expression level of hygromycin b-resistant gene and agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation efficiency in beauveria bassiana jef-007. | agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) is an effective method for generation of entomopathogenic beauveria bassiana transformants. however, some strains grow on the selective medium containing hygromycin b (hygb), which reduces the selection efficiency of the putative transformants. in this work, a relationship between hygb resistance gene promoter and atmt efficiency was investigated to improve the transformant selection. | 2017 | 28667709 |
| immunogenicity of plant-produced african horse sickness virus-like particles: implications for a novel vaccine. | african horse sickness (ahs) is a debilitating and often fatal viral disease affecting horses in much of africa, caused by the dsrna orbivirus african horse sickness virus (ahsv). vaccination remains the single most effective weapon in combatting ahs, as there is no treatment for the disease apart from good animal husbandry. however, the only commercially available vaccine is a live-attenuated version of the virus (lav). the threat of outbreaks of the disease outside its endemic region and the f ... | 2017 | 28650085 |
| host-dependent symbiotic efficiency of rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii strains isolated from nodules of trifolium rubens. | trifolium rubens l., commonly known as the red feather clover, is capable of symbiotic interactions with rhizobia. up to now, no specific symbionts of t. rubens and their symbiotic compatibility with trifolium spp. have been described. we characterized the genomic diversity of t. rubens symbionts by analyses of plasmid profiles and box-pcr. the phylogeny of t. rubens isolates was inferred based on the nucleotide sequences of 16s rrna and two core genes (atpd, reca). the nodc phylogeny allowed cl ... | 2017 | 28791535 |
| study on e. coli and salmonella biofilms from fresh fruits and vegetables. | foodborne outbreaks associated with fresh fruits and vegetables are on the rise worldwide. biofilm formation is one of the important traits of pathogens making them strongly attached to substrates as well as express virulence phenotypes. present study investigates the biofilm forming ability of e. coli and salmonella sp. isolated from fresh fruits and vegetables. a total of 53 strains, including 35 e. coli and 18 salmonella sp. isolated from different fruit and vegetable samples were taken into ... | 2017 | 28416858 |
| degradation intermediates of polyhydroxy butyrate inhibits phenotypic expression of virulence factors and biofilm formation in luminescent vibrio sp. pugsk8. | luminescent vibrios are ubiquitous in the marine environment and are the causative agents of vibriosis and mass mortality in many aquatic animals. in aquatic environments, treatments cannot be limited to the diseased population alone, therefore treatment of the entire aquatic system is the only possible approach. thus, the use of antibiotics to treat part of the infected animals requires a dose based on the entire biomass, which results in the treatment of uninfected animals as well as non-targe ... | 2016 | 28721241 |
| use of opda, an organophosphorus (op) hydrolase, prevents lethality in an african green monkey model of acute op poisoning. | organophosphorus (op) pesticides are a diverse class of acetylcholinesterase (ache) inhibitors that are responsible for tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide, killing approximately 300,000 people annually. enzymatic hydrolysis of ops is a potential therapy for acute poisoning. opda, an op hydrolase isolated from agrobacterium radiobacter, has been shown to decrease lethality in rodent models of op poisoning. this study investigated the effects of opda on ache activity, plasma concentratio ... | 2014 | 24447378 |
| antibiosis and bmyb gene presence as prevalent traits for the selection of efficient bacillus biocontrol agents against crown gall disease. | this study aimed to improve the screening method for the selection of bacillus biocontrol agents against crown gall disease. the relationship between the strain biocontrol ability and their in vitro studied traits was investigated to identify the most important factors to be considered for the selection of effective biocontrol agents. in fact, previous selection procedure relying only on in vitro antibacterial activity was shown to be not suitable in some cases. a direct plant-protection strateg ... | 2017 | 28855909 |
| expression of vitreoscilla hemoglobin enhances production of arachidonic acid and lipids in mortierella alpina. | arachidonic acid (ara, c20:4, n-6), which belongs to the omega-6 series of polyunsaturated fatty acids and has a variety of biological activities, is commercially produced in mortierella alpina. dissolved oxygen or oxygen utilization efficiency is a critical factor for mortierella alpina growth and arachidonic acid production in large-scale fermentation. overexpression of the vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene is thought to significantly increase the oxygen utilization efficiency of the cells. | 2017 | 28854910 |
| [one-step fermentation for producing simvastatin via rnai silencing of lovf gene in aspergillus terreus]. | simvastatin is one of the important prescription drugs for hypercholesterolemia. monacolin j is a key intermediate during simvastatin synthesis, and also an intermediate of lovastatin biosynthesis. in this work, we construct a monacolin j producing strain via rna interference to achieve one-step fermentation to obtain simvastatin. the lovf gene silencing plasmid pmhj137 was constructed and transformed into aspergillus terreus by agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation method. precursor ... | 2016 | 28853269 |
| improved vectors for agrobacterium mediated genetic manipulation of hypholoma spp. and other homobasidiomycetes. | the basidiomycete fungi hypholoma fasciculare and h. sublateritium are both prolific producers of sesquiterpenes and triterpenes, some of which have relevant pharmaceutical properties. although h. sublateritium has been transformed in the past, the low reported efficiencies highlighted the need for establishing an effective simple transformation system for these valuable species. we have optimized agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation through testing various parameters in these two h ... | 2017 | 28843436 |
| sit4-associated protein is required for pathogenicity of leptosphaeria maculans on brassica napus. | an insertional mutant with reduced pathogenicity on brassica napus was identified in the plant pathogenic fungus leptosphaeria maculans. the transfer-dna molecule from agrobacterium tumefaciens inserted into a gene encoding a protein with similarity to sit4-associated proteins (saps). in contrast to saccharomyces cerevisiae which has four members of the sap family, there is a single copy of the gene in l. maculans. the mutant had normal spore production and spore germination, but altered hyphal ... | 2017 | 28840344 |
| differential fine-tuning of gene expression regulation in coffee leaves by ccdreb1d promoter haplotypes under water deficit. | despite the importance of the dreb1d gene (also known as cbf4) in plant responses to water deficit and cold stress, studies analysing its regulation by transgenic approaches are lacking. in the current work, a functional study of three ccdreb1d promoter haplotypes (named hp15, hp16 and hp17) isolated from drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive clones of coffea canephora was carried out in plants of c. arabica stably transformed by agrobacterium tumefaciens by analysing their ability to regulate ... | 2017 | 28830103 |
| identification of factors involved in dimorphism and pathogenicity of zymoseptoria tritici. | a forward genetics approach was applied in order to investigate the molecular basis of morphological transition in the wheat pathogenic fungus zymoseptoria tritici. z. tritici is a dimorphic plant pathogen displaying environmentally regulated morphogenetic transition between yeast-like and hyphal growth. considering the infection mode of z. tritici, the switching to hyphal growth is essential for pathogenicity allowing the fungus the host invasion through natural openings like stomata. we exploi ... | 2017 | 28829795 |
| a novel in vitro transformation of lepidium draba l. using rapid direct shoot regeneration. | the present research is carried out to study lepidium draba gene transformation for the first time, using direct shoot explants. as a prerequisite for gene transformation, the regeneration conditions in l. draba were optimized. we achieved an efficient and reproducible protocol for successful direct shoot regeneration without intervening callus formation. the results indicate that l. draba is the insistent species of brassicaceae in direct shoot regeneration. various explants of l. draba were ge ... | 2017 | 28828291 |
| endo-cannabinoids system and the toxicity of cannabinoids with a biotechnological approach. | cannabinoids have shown diverse and critical effects on the body systems, which alter the physiological functions. synthetic cannabinoids are comparatively innovative misuse drugs with respect to their nature of synthesis. synthetic cannabinoids therapy in healthy, chain smokers, and alcoholic individuals cause damage to the immune and nervous system, eventually leading to intoxication throughout the body. relevant studies were retrieved using major electronic databases such as pubmed, embase, m ... | 2017 | 28827985 |
| metabolism of carbamazepine in plant roots and endophytic rhizobacteria isolated from phragmites australis. | carbamazepine (cbz) is a pharmaceutical frequently categorized as a recalcitrant pollutant in the aquatic environment. endophytic bacteria previously isolated from reed plants have shown the ability to promote growth of their host and to contribute to cbz metabolism. in this work, a horseradish (armoracia rusticana) hairy root (hr) culture has been used as a plant model to study the interactions between roots and endophytic bacteria in response to cbz exposure. hrs could remove up to 5% of the i ... | 2017 | 28823920 |
| metabolic engineering of photorespiration. | the introduction of two alternative glycolate catabolic pathways in the chloroplasts of arabidopsis thaliana rendered plants with increased biomass. to introduce these synthetic pathways, the selected genes were stepwise integrated in the nuclear genome of wild-type plants. these plants were transformed by agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying the binary vectors using the floral dip method. selection of transformants was conducted using different selection agents and the expression of the transgene ... | 2017 | 28822131 |
| antagonistic properties of some halophilic thermoactinomycetes isolated from superficial sediment of a solar saltern and production of cyclic antimicrobial peptides by the novel isolate paludifilum halophilum. | this study has focused on the isolation of twenty-three halophilic actinomycetes from two ponds of different salinity and the evaluation of their ability to exert an antimicrobial activity against both their competitors and several other pathogens. from the 23 isolates, 18 strains showed antagonistic activity, while 19 showed activities against one or more of the seven pathogen strains tested. six strains exhibited consistent antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive pathoge ... | 2017 | 28819625 |
| genetic engineering approach using early vinca alkaloid biosynthesis genes led to increased tryptamine and terpenoid indole alkaloids biosynthesis in differentiating cultures of catharanthus roseus. | catharanthus roseus today occupies the central position in ongoing metabolic engineering efforts in medicinal plants. the entire multi-step biogenetic pathway of its very expensive anticancerous alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine is fairly very well dissected at biochemical and gene levels except the pathway steps leading to biosynthesis of monomeric alkaloid catharanthine and tabersonine. in order to enhance the plant-based productivity of these pharma molecules for the drug industry, cell a ... | 2017 | 28808798 |
| molecular and phenotypic characterization of transgenic wheat and sorghum events expressing the barley alanine aminotransferase. | the expression of a barley alanine aminotransferase gene impacts agronomic outcomes in a c3 crop, wheat. the use of nitrogen-based fertilizers has become one of the major agronomic inputs in crop production systems. strategies to enhance nitrogen assimilation and flux in planta are being pursued through the introduction of novel genetic alleles. here an agrobacterium-mediated approach was employed to introduce the alanine aminotransferase from barley (hordeum vulgare), hvalaat, into wheat (triti ... | 2017 | 28801748 |
| rnai-mediated silencing of map kinase signalling genes (fmk1, hog1, and pbs2) in fusarium oxysporum reduces pathogenesis on tomato plants. | fusarium oxysporum is a soil-borne plant fungal pathogen, and causes colossal losses in several crop plants including tomato. effective control measures include the use of harmful fungicides and resistant cultivars, but these methods have shown limited success. conventional methods to validate fungal pathogenic genes are labour intensive. therefore, an alternative strategy is required to efficiently characterize unknown pathogenic genes. rna interference (rnai) has emerged as a potential tool to ... | 2017 | 28800849 |
| a hydroponic co-cultivation system for simultaneous and systematic analysis of plant/microbe molecular interactions and signaling. | an experimental design mimicking natural plant-microbe interactions is very important to delineate the complex plant-microbe signaling processes. arabidopsis thaliana-agrobacterium tumefaciens provides an excellent model system to study bacterial pathogenesis and plant interactions. previous studies of plant-agrobacterium interactions have largely relied on plant cell suspension cultures, the artificial wounding of plants, or the artificial induction of microbial virulence factors or plant defen ... | 2017 | 28784965 |
| agrobacterium-mediated co-transformation of multiple genes in metarhizium robertsii. | fungi of the metarhizium genus are a very versatile model for understanding pathogenicity in insects and their symbiotic relationship with plants. to establish a co-transformation system for the transformation of multiple m. robertsii genes using agrobacterium tumefaciens, we evaluated whether the antibiotic nourseothricin has the same marker selection efficiency as phosphinothricin using separate vectors. subsequently, in the two vectors containing the nourseothricin and phosphinothricin resist ... | 2017 | 28781540 |
| evaluation of a mdmyb10/gfp43 fusion gene for its suitability to act as reporter gene in promoter studies in fragaria vesca l. 'rügen'. | a malus domestica mdmyb10 transcription factor gene was previously used as visible marker for successful plant transformation. we combined the mdmyb10 transcription factor gene with a gfp gene to test its viability as a non-destructive, visual, double reporter system for functional promoter studies in transgenic strawberry plants. the gfp gene was fused to mdmyb10 to provide evidence for promoter activity in red colored cells of transformed plant tissue and to exclude artefacts resulting from st ... | 2017 | 28781398 |
| cap analog and potato virus a hc-pro silencing suppressor improve gfp transient expression using an infectious virus vector in nicotiana benthamiana. | transient expression of proteins in plants has become a choice to facilitate recombinant protein production with its fast and easy application. on the other hand, host defensive mechanisms have been reported to reduce the efficiency of transient expression in plants. hence, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of cap analog and potato virus a helper component proteinase (pva hc-pro) on green fluorescent protein (gfp) expression efficiency. n. benthamiana leaves were inoculated with cap ... | 2017 | 28775990 |
| a glimpse into the genetic basis of symbiosis between hydrogenophaga and their helper strains in the biodegradation of 4-aminobenzenesulfonate. | we report the whole genome sequences of hydrogenophaga intermedia s1 and agrobacterium radiobacter s2, the first reported bacterial co-culture capable of degrading 4-aminobenzenesulfonate (4-abs), a recalcitrant industrial waste product. to gain insights into the genetic basis for the syntrophic interaction between this symbiotic pair and also another recently reported hydrogenophaga associated co-culture, hydrogenophaga sp. pbc and ralstonia sp. pba, we performed detailed genetic analysis of th ... | 2017 | 28775791 |
| delivery of cytoplasmic and apoplastic effectors from phytophthora infestans haustoria by distinct secretion pathways. | the potato blight pathogen phytophthora infestans secretes effector proteins that are delivered inside (cytoplasmic) or can act outside (apoplastic) plant cells to neutralize host immunity. little is known about how and where effectors are secreted during infection, yet such knowledge is essential to understand and combat crop disease. we used transient agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated in planta expression, transformation of p. infestans with fluorescent protein fusions and confocal microscopy ... | 2017 | 28758684 |
| efficacy of eucalyptus cinerea as a source of bioactive compounds for curative biocontrol of crown gall caused by agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6. | this research investigated the eucalyptus cinerea leaves efficiency in the agrobacterium tumefaciens biocontrol, the causative agent of crown gall. gc-ms analysis of the essential oil (eo) showed that the main components were 1,8-cineole (61%) and camphene (15.13%). thanks to its polyphenols, flavonoids, quinones, terpenoids, alkaloids, and tannins richness, the etoac-f exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity in vitro. indeed, compared to the other fractions, it has the lowest mic and m ... | 2017 | 28758126 |
| production of d-psicose from d-glucose by co-expression of d-psicose 3-epimerase and xylose isomerase. | d-psicose has been drawing increasing attention in recent years because of its medical and health applications. the production of d-psicose from d-glucose requires the co-expression and synergistic action of xylose isomerase and d-psicose 3-epimerase. to co-express these genes, vector pet-28a(+)-dual containing two t7 promoters and rbs sites and an multiple cloning sites was constructed using the escherichia coli expression plasmid pet-28a(+). the xylose isomerase gene from e. coli mg1665 and th ... | 2017 | 28756856 |
| transient gus gene expression in date palm fruit using agroinjection transformation technique. | transient expression of foreign genes in plant tissue is a valuable tool for testing the efficacy of transformation methods. in this work, we present, for the first time, the utilization of agroinjection as an efficient transformation system for gene delivery in date palm fruit. the research utilized agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lba4404 harboring the binary vector pri201-an-gus carrying the beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene, under the control of a camv 35s and kanamycin (nptii) as an antibiotic ... | 2017 | 28755354 |
| identification of a dimeric kdg aldolase from agrobacterium tumefaciens. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is a gram-negative bacterium and causative agent of crown gall disease that infects a variety of economically important plants. the annotated a. tumefaciens genome contains 10 putative dapa genes, which code for dihydrodipicolinate synthase (dhdps). however, we have recently demonstrated that only one of these genes (dapa7) encodes a functional dhdps. the function of the other nine putative dapa genes is yet to be determined. here, we demonstrate using bioinformatics th ... | 2017 | 28748551 |
| t-dna-genome junctions form early after infection and are influenced by the chromatin state of the host genome. | agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated t-dna integration is a common tool for plant genome manipulation. however, there is controversy regarding whether t-dna integration is biased towards genes or randomly distributed throughout the genome. in order to address this question, we performed high-throughput mapping of t-dna-genome junctions obtained in the absence of selection at several time points after infection. t-dna-genome junctions were detected as early as 6 hours post-infection. t-dna distribu ... | 2017 | 28742090 |
| generation and screening of t-dna insertion mutants mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens in the garden asparagus stem blight pathogen phomopsis asparagi. | the garden asparagus stem blight caused by filamentous fungus phomopsis asparagi exposes a serious threat on asparagus production globally. however, to present, we understand poorly about the molecular mechanisms of fungal pathogenicity. to facilitate functional genomics research of p. asparagi, here we developed a highly efficient and stable agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation approach which yielded 150-200 transformants per 1 × 10(6) conidia. our results indicated that 25 °c, ace ... | 2017 | 28730458 |
| impact of paracoccin gene silencing on paracoccidioides brasiliensis virulence. | among the endemic deep mycoses in latin america, paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm), caused by thermodimorphic fungi of the paracoccidioides genus, is a major cause of morbidity. disease development and its manifestations are associated with both host and fungal factors. concerning the latter, several recent studies have employed the methodology of gene modulation in p. brasiliensis using antisense rna (asrna) and agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) to identify proteins that influ ... | 2017 | 28720727 |
| generation of stable infectious clones of plant viruses by using rhizobium radiobacter for both cloning and inoculation. | a novel rhizobium radiobacter (synonym agrobacterium tumefaciens)-mediated approach was developed to generate stable infectious clones of plant viruses. this method uses r. radiobacter for both cloning and inoculation of infectious clones, bypassing the requirement of cloning in e. coli to avoid the instability. only three steps are included in this method: (i) construct viral genome-encoding plasmids in vitro by one-step gibson assembly; (ii) transform the assembled dna products into r. radioba ... | 2017 | 28715654 |
| melanization and ageing are not drawbacks for successful agro-transformation of dark septate endophytes. | dark septate endophytes (dses) are melanin-enriched ascomycetous fungi that are abundant in stressed environments. however, little is known about their physiology and metabolism, and dse genes have not been functionally characterized yet. therefore developing molecular genetic tools to investigate the biological function of genes of interest in dses is of major significance. we investigated agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) efficiency in eight dse strains belonging to cado ... | 2017 | 28705394 |
| overexpression of ginseng ugt72al1 causes organ fusion in the axillary leaf branch of arabidopsis. | glycosylation of natural compounds increases the diversity of secondary metabolites. glycosylation steps are implicated not only in plant growth and development, but also in plant defense responses. although the activities of uridine-dependent glycosyltransferases (ugts) have long been recognized, and genes encoding them in several higher plants have been identified, the specific functions of ugts in planta remain largely unknown. | 2017 | 28701886 |
| cis-prenyltransferase interacts with a nogo-b receptor homolog for dolichol biosynthesis in panax ginseng meyer. | prenyltransferases catalyze the sequential addition of isopentenyl diphosphate units to allylic prenyl diphosphate acceptors and are classified as either trans-prenyltransferases (tpts) or cis-prenyltransferases (cpts). the functions of cpts have been well characterized in bacteria, yeast, and mammals compared to plants. the characterization of cpts also has been less studied than tpts. in the present study, molecular cloning and functional characterization of a cpt from a medicinal plant, panax ... | 2017 | 28701884 |
| genomic and transcriptomic analyses of agrobacterium tumefaciens s33 reveal the molecular mechanism of a novel hybrid nicotine-degrading pathway. | agrobacterium tumefaciens s33 is able to degrade nicotine via a novel hybrid of the pyridine and pyrrolidine pathways. it can be utilized to remove nicotine from tobacco wastes and transform nicotine into important functionalized pyridine precursors for some valuable drugs and insecticides. however, the molecular mechanism of the hybrid pathway is still not completely clear. here we report the genome analysis of strain s33 and its transcriptomes grown in glucose-ammonium medium and nicotine medi ... | 2017 | 28684751 |
| co-expression of beta-glucosidase and laccase in trichoderma reesei by random insertion with enhanced filter paper activity. | trichoderma reesei strain rut-c30 was modified with enhanced beta-glycosidase (bgl) activity to balance the cellulase system and generated laccase (lac) protein for lignin degradation. initially, the binary plasmid p1300-w1 was constructed to express t. reesei bgl2 under the control of promoter p pki and t-nos terminator. random insertion was performed via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. a total of 353 mutants were obtained, and 34ptrb2 was exceptionally stable with increased ... | 2017 | 28676913 |
| high resolution crystal structure of a fluoride-inhibited organophosphate-degrading metallohydrolase. | metal ion-dependent, organophosphate-degrading enzymes (op hydrolases) have received increasing attention due to their ability to degrade and thus detoxify commonly used pesticides and nerve agents such as sarin and vx. these enzymes thus garner strong potential as bioremediators. the op hydrolase from agrobacterium radiobacter (opda) is one of the most efficient members of this group of enzymes. previous studies have indicated that the choice of the hydrolysis-initiating nucleophile may depend ... | 2017 | 28673485 |
| a genetic transformation method for cadmium hyperaccumulator sedum plumbizincicola and non-hyperaccumulating ecotype of sedum alfredii. | the present study demonstrates the development of an agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method for species of the sedum genus, which includes the cd/zn hyperaccumulator sedum plumbizincicola and the non-hyperaccumulating ecotype of s. alfredii. multiple shoots were induced from stem nodes of two sedum plants using murashige and skoog (ms) medium containing 0.1 mg/l cytokinin 6-benzyladenine (6-ba) and 1.0 mg/l auxin 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (naa). the shoot primordia were used as dire ... | 2017 | 28670322 |
| development of a mixed microbial culture for thiocyanate and metal cyanide degradation. | the degradation capacity of a mixed culture of agrobacterium tumefaciens suts 1 and pseudomonas monteilii suts 2 for thiocyanate and metal cyanide, in the form of zinc and cadmium, has been determined. the growth of a mixed culture of suts 1 and suts 2 in cyanide complexes and the cyanide removal efficiency of a fixed-film bio-column system were studied. the results showed that the mixed culture of bacteria can survive and grow in broth media containing thiocyanate and metal cyanide complexes wi ... | 2017 | 28664381 |
| production, characterization and structural modification of exopolysaccharide-based bioflocculant by rhizobium radiobacter sz4s7s14 and media optimization. | synthesis of the exopolysaccharide-based bioflocculant rhizobium radiobacter sz4s7s14 was researched and medium optimized for enhanced production of bioflocculant. d-mannose and yeast extract were found to be best carbon and nitrogen sources for maximal yield of bioflocculant. the bioflocculant samples obtained in different media with different carbon and nitrogen sources were further analyzed by sem-edx and ft-ir. ft-ir spectroscopy of the bioflocculant samples, obtained in different carbon/nit ... | 2017 | 28664366 |
| trimethylphosphate and dimethylphosphate hydrolysis by binuclear cd(ii) , mn(ii) , and zn(ii) -fe(ii) promiscuous organophosphate-degrading enzyme: reaction mechanisms. | organophosphate-degrading enzyme from agrobacterium radiobacter p230 exhibits promiscuity, not only in the reactions it catalyzes, but also in the metals it uses to catalyze those reactions. here, three different binuclear metal centers were studied: di-cd(ii) , di-mn(ii) and zn(ii) -fe(ii) . this enzyme uses these metal centers for hydrolyzing trimethyl- and dimethyl-phosphates. both mechanisms were studied at dft level of theory using a cluster model approach. the ground spin state was determi ... | 2017 | 28661038 |
| multiple t-dna delivery to plants using novel mini binary vectors with compatible replication origins. | improved plants are necessary to meet human needs. agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most common method used to rewire plant capabilities. for plant gene delivery, dna constructs are assembled into binary t-dna vectors that rely on broad host range origins for bacterial replication. here we present plx vectors, a set of mini binary t-dna plasmids suitable for type iis restriction endonuclease- and overlap-based assembly methods. plx vectors include replicons from compatible broad host ... | 2017 | 28657330 |
| gr1-like gene expression in lycium chinense was regulated by cadmium-induced endogenous jasmonic acids accumulation. | the g1-like gene from the lycium chinense was cloned and transferred into n. tabacum. evidence showed that endogenous ja accumulation was crucial to lcgr gene expression in cadmium-stressed l. chinense. glutathione reductase (gr) plays a vital role in glutathione-ascorbate metabolism and is a key enzyme in maintaining the redox state in plants. jasmonic acids (ja) are important hormones regulating protective responses against bacteria and mechanic damage in plants. at present, the relationship b ... | 2017 | 28656324 |
| rapid deletion production in fungi via agrobacterium mediated transformation of oscar deletion constructs. | precise deletion of gene(s) of interest, while leaving the rest of the genome unchanged, provides the ideal product to determine that particular gene's function in the living organism. in this protocol the oscar method of precise and rapid deletion plasmid construction is described. oscar relies on the cloning system in which a single recombinase reaction is carried out containing the purified pcr-amplified 5' and 3' flanks of the gene of interest and two plasmids, pa-hyg oscar (the marker vecto ... | 2017 | 28654073 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of oleaginous yeast lipomyces species. | interest in using renewable sources of carbon, especially lignocellulosic biomass, for the production of hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals has fueled interest in exploring various organisms capable of producing hydrocarbon biofuels and chemicals or their precursors. the oleaginous (oil-producing) yeast lipomyces starkeyi is the subject of active research regarding the production of triacylglycerides as hydrocarbon fuel precursors using a variety of carbohydrate and nutrient sources. the genome of ... | 2017 | 28631219 |
| polar organizing protein popz is required for chromosome segregation in agrobacterium tumefaciens. | despite being perceived as relatively simple organisms, many bacteria exhibit an impressive degree of subcellular organization. in caulobacter crescentus, the evolutionarily conserved polar organizing protein popz facilitates cytoplasmic organization by recruiting chromosome centromeres and regulatory proteins to the cell poles. here, we characterize the localization and function of popz in agrobacterium tumefaciens, a genetically related species with distinct anatomy. in this species, we find t ... | 2017 | 28630129 |
| absence of the polar organizing protein popz results in reduced and asymmetric cell division in agrobacterium tumefaciens. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation. as the cell cycle progresses, peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole ceases prior to insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell to enable cell division. the a. tumefaciens homolog of the caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein popz has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor. here, we characterize the function ... | 2017 | 28630123 |
| agrobacterium salinitolerans sp. nov., a saline-alkaline-tolerant bacterium isolated from root nodule of sesbania cannabina. | two gram-staining-negative, aerobic bacteria (yic 5082t and yic4104) isolated from root nodules of sesbania cannabina grown in a high-salt and alkaline environment were identified as a group in the genus agrobacterium because they shared 100 and 99.7 % sequence similarities of 16s rrna and reca+atpd genes, respectively. these two strains showed 99.2/100 % and 93.9/95.4 % 16s rrna and reca+atpd gene sequence similarities to agrobacterium radiobacter lmg140t and agrobacterium. pusense nrcpb10t, re ... | 2017 | 28629499 |
| periplasmic nicotine dehydrogenase ndhab utilizes pseudoazurin as its physiological electron acceptor in agrobacterium tumefaciens s33. | agrobacterium tumefaciens s33 can grow with nicotine as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy via a novel hybrid of the pyridine pathway and the pyrollidine pathway. characterization of the enzymes involved in the hybrid pathway is important for understanding its biochemical mechanism. here we report that the molybdenum-containing nicotine dehydrogenase (ndhab), which catalyzes the initial step of nicotine degradation, is located in the periplasm of strain s33, while the 6-hydroxynicot ... | 2017 | 28625985 |
| efficient and heritable transformation of phalaenopsis orchids. | phalaenopsis orchid (phal. orchid) is visually attractive and it is important economic floriculture species. phal. orchids have many unique biological features. however, investigation of these features and validation on their biological functions are limited due to the lack of an efficient transformation method. | 2016 | 28597440 |
| melon13-lipoxygenase cmlox18 may be involved in c6 volatiles biosynthesis in fruit. | to better understand the function role of the melon cmlox18 gene in the biosynthesis of c6 volatiles during fruit ripening, we biochemically characterized cmlox18 and identified its subcellular localization in transgenic tomato plants. heterologous expression in yeast cells showed that the molecular weight of the cmlox18 protein was identical to that predicted, and that this enzyme possesseed lipoxygenase activity. linoleic acid was demonstrated to be the preferred substrate for the purified rec ... | 2017 | 28588227 |