| antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of the stem bark of clausena heptaphylla. | there is wide spread interest in drugs derived from plants as green medicine is believed to be safe and dependable, compared with costly synthetic drugs that have adverse effects. | 2012 | 23181593 |
| the comparing of antimicrobial activity of csn1s2 protein of fresh milk and yoghurt goat breed ethawah inhibited the pathogenic bacteria. | goat milk is reported to have antimicrobial activity of several pathogen bacteria that contained on food materials. the research related with antimicrobial activity of alpha-s2 casein from goat milk is relatively less than other casein components. herein, we reported the antimicrobial activity of caprine alpha-s2 casein (csn1s2) protein from ethawah breed goat milk and yoghurt in gram positive (listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus and bacillus cereus) and negative pathogen bacteria (esc ... | 2016 | 27698594 |
| bacteriocinogenic bacteria isolated from raw goat milk and goat cheese produced in the center of méxico. | currently, there are few reports on the isolation of microorganisms from goat milk and goat cheese that have antibacterial activity. in particular, there are no reports on the isolation of microorganisms with antibacterial activity from these products in central mexico. our objective was to isolate bacteria, from goat products, that synthesized antimicrobial peptides with activity against a variety of clinically significant bacteria. we isolated and identified lactobacillus rhamnosus, l. plantar ... | 2016 | 27407294 |
| the impact of oxygen on bacterial enteric pathogens. | bacterial enteric pathogens are responsible for a tremendous amount of foodborne illnesses every year through the consumption of contaminated food products. during their transit from contaminated food sources to the host gastrointestinal tract, these pathogens are exposed and must adapt to fluctuating oxygen levels to successfully colonize the host and cause diseases. however, the majority of enteric infection research has been conducted under aerobic conditions. to raise awareness of the import ... | 2016 | 27261784 |
| antimicrobial evaluation of plants used for the treatment of diarrhoea in a rural community in northern maputaland, kwazulu-natal, south africa. | zulu people living in the rural area of maputaland (kwazulu-natal, south africa) rely heavily on medicinal plants for the treatment of diarrhoea. abundant availability of medicinal plants in the study area offers low cost health care, but scientific validation is needed in order to lend credibility to the traditional use against many ailments including diarrhoeal infections. with this in mind a study was designed to test the in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of 23 plant species which are used for ... | 2015 | 25881066 |
| biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using acacia leucophloea extract and their antibacterial activity. | the immense potential of nanobiotechnology makes it an intensely researched field in modern medicine. green nanomaterial synthesis techniques for medicinal applications are desired because of their biocompatibility and lack of toxic byproducts. we report the toxic byproducts free phytosynthesis of stable silver nanoparticles (agnps) using the bark extract of the traditional medicinal plant acacia leucophloea (fabaceae). visual observation, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and transmission elect ... | 2014 | 24876776 |
| multiplex pcr (polymerase chain reaction) assay for detection of e. coli o157:h7, salmonella sp., vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus in spiked shrimps (penaeus monodon). | the coastal aquaculture mainly shrimps constitute major export sector in bangladesh and is increasingly shaped by international trade conditions and by national responses to those stringent quality and safety standards. pcr based validated methods for detection of major bacterial pathogens in shrimp might be very useful tool for ensuring quality and safety standards of exportable shrimps. the objective of this study was to evaluate overall performance (sensitivity and specificity) of the multipl ... | 2013 | 24498789 |
| combination of extracts from aristolochia cymbifera with streptomycin as a potential antibacterial drug. | the appearance of new antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a societal problem that requires the development of new alternative treatments. therefore, this work evaluated the antibacterial activity of ethanolic (ehi), dichloromethanic (edi) and hexanic (ehe) extracts from aristolochia cymbifera stems and the combination of these extracts with an antimicrobial drug to develop a new antibacterial therapy. the edi, ehe and ehi extracts were obtained by maceration using three different solvents. the mini ... | 2013 | 24040585 |
| screening of solvent dependent antibacterial activity of prunus domestica. | fruit of prunus domestica was extracted in ethanol. the ethanol extract was further extracted with two solvents ethyl acetate and chloroform. the crude ethanol extract and two fractions (ethyl acetate and chloroform) were screened for their antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method .they were tested against nine bacteria; five gram positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcuc intermedius, bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus) and four gram negative bacteria (eschrichia ... | 2013 | 23455215 |
| investigations of antimicrobial activity of some cameroonian medicinal plant extracts against bacteria and yeast with gastrointestinal relevance. | resistance against antibiotics of many bacteria is accumulating. therefore, searches for new substances with antimicrobial activity have become an urgent necessity. medicinal plants are frequently used in popular medicine as remedies for many infectious diseases (intestinal infection, malaria, tuberculosis, etc.). | 2012 | 22583961 |
| milk microbiome signatures of subclinical mastitis-affected cattle analysed by shotgun sequencing. | metagenomic analysis of milk samples collected from kankrej, gir (bos indicus) and crossbred (bos taurus × b. indicus) cattle harbouring subclinical mastitis was carried out by next-generation sequencing 454 gs-flx technology to elucidate the microbial community structure of cattle milk. | 2012 | 22277077 |
| ph and acidity in lactic-fermenting cereal gruels: effects on viability of enteropathogenic microorganisms. | survival of bacillus cereus, campylobacter jejuni, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium and shigella flexneri during lactic acid fermentation of cereal gruels prepared from low-tannin (white) and high-tannin (red) sorghum varieties was studied. a previously fermented gruel (starter culture, sc) recycled daily or stored for 7, 14 or 28 days, germinated cereal flour (power flour, pf), or a combination of pf and sc (pf+sc) were used as starters. at 24 h, the ph of all gruels wit ... | 1994 | 24421191 |
| inhibited growth of common enteropathogenic bacteria in lactic-fermented cereal gruels. | a natural lactic fermentation of mixtures of water and whole flour of either maize or high-tannin sorghum was obtained either before or after cooking to a weaning gruel: the preparations had a final ph of about 3.8 (range 3.67 to 4.00) and a ratio of lactic acid to acetic acid of 9∶1 (w/w). the growth of added (about 10(7) c.f.u./g gruel) gram-negative intestinal pathogenic bacteria, enterotoxigenicescherichia coli, campylobacter jejuni, shigella flexneri andsalmonella typhimurium, was strongly ... | 1992 | 24425608 |
| cgtase-catalysed cis-glucosylation of l-rhamnosides for the preparation of shigella flexneri 2a and 3a haptens. | we report the enzymatic synthesis of α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside and α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside by using a wild-type transglucosidase in combination with glucoamylase and glucose oxidase. it was shown that bacillus circulans 251 cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (cgtase, ec 2.1.4.19) can efficiently couple an α-l-rhamnosyl acceptor to a maltodextrin molecule with an α-(1→4) linkage, albeit in mixture with the α-(1→3) regioisomer, thus giving two glucosylated ac ... | 2014 | 24376024 |
| green synthesis and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles using wild medicinal mushroom ganoderma applanatum (pers.) pat. from similipal biosphere reserve, odisha, india. | in the present study, green synthesis and cost effective approach of silver nanoparticles using wild medicinal mushroom ganoderma applanatum (pers.) pat. from similipal biosphere reserve, odisha, india is reported. the biosynthesised agnps were characterised using uv-visible spectroscopy, particle analyser and scanning electron microscopy studies. it was found by dynamic light scattering analysis, that the average size and charges of the agnps were 133.0 ± 0.361 nm and -6.01 ± 5.30 mv, respectiv ... | 2016 | 27463787 |
| purification and characteristics of a novel bacteriocin produced by enterococcus faecalis l11 isolated from chinese traditional fermented cucumber. | to purify and characterize a novel bacteriocin with broad inhibitory spectrum produced by an isolate of enterococcus faecalis from chinese fermented cucumber. | 2016 | 26875092 |
| in vitro antibacterial, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of some essential oils. | in vitro antibacterial activity of 16 essential oils was investigated by disc diffusion method against two gram positive bacteria bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus aureus and two gram negative bacteria, shigella flexneri and escherichia coli. oils of cymbopogon citratus and ocimum basilicum showed highest antibacterial activity. gram positive bacteria were found to be more sensitive than gram negative. antioxidant activities were tested by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radical scavengi ... | 2015 | 26688969 |
| antibacterial mode of action of the hydroethanolic extract of leonotis nepetifolia (l.) r. br. involves bacterial membrane perturbations. | leonotis nepetifolia (l) r. br., lamiaceae, a pantropical shrub, popularly known in brazil as "cordão-de-frade", "rubim", is reportedly used in brazilian ethnomedicine as well as in different countries in the treatments of ailments such as infections, inflammations, wounds, stomach disorders, among others. | 2015 | 26102550 |
| synthesis, structural characterization, and evaluation of the biological properties of heteroleptic palladium(ii) complexes. | five heteroleptic palladium(ii) complexes of the general formula pd(pr3)(tu)cl2, where pr3 = triphenylphosphine (1), diphenyl-o-tolylphosphine (2), diphenyl-p-tolylphosphine (3), diphenyl-t-butylphosphine (4), and diphenyl-o-methoxyphenylphosphine (5), and tu = 1,3-bis(2-methoxyphenyl) thiourea. they all have been synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques (elemental analysis, ftir, and (1)h nmr and the ligand 1,3-bis(2-methoxyphenyl) thiourea was synthesized by single cry ... | 2014 | 25276113 |
| immobilization of lysozyme-clea onto electrospun chitosan nanofiber for effective antibacterial applications. | chitosan (cs) nanofibers with a diameter of 150-200nm were fabricated from a mixed chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) (pva) solution by the electrospinning method. the nascent cs/pva nanofibers were treated with 0.5m naoh solution to make stable cs nanofibers by removing pva under aqueous conditions. hen egg-white lysozyme was immobilized on electrospun cs nanofibers via cross-linked enzyme aggregates (cleas) and used for effective and continuous antibacterial applications. the maximum amount of lyso ... | 2013 | 23201775 |
| molecular structure, normal coordinate analysis, harmonic vibrational frequencies, natural bond orbital, td-dft calculations and biological activity analysis of antioxidant drug 7-hydroxycoumarin. | in this work, we report harmonic vibrational frequencies, molecular structure, nbo and homo, lumo analysis of umbelliferone also known as 7-hydroxycoumarin (7hc). the optimized geometric bond lengths and bond angles obtained by computation (monomer and dimmer) shows good agreement with experimental xrd data. harmonic frequencies of 7hc were determined and analyzed by dft utilizing 6-311+g(d,p) as basis set. the assignments of the vibrational spectra have been carried out with the help of normal ... | 2013 | 23123244 |
| ¹³c, ¹⁵n and ¹h backbone and side chain chemical shift assignment of acid-stress bacterial chaperone hdea at ph 6. | hdea is a small chaperone found in the periplasm of several common pathogenic bacteria (escherichia coli, shigella flexneri and brucella abortus) which are the leading causes of dysentery worldwide, especially in developing countries. its job is to protect other periplasmic proteins from aggregating as the bacteria pass through the low ph environment of the human stomach on their way to infect the intestines. hdea is an inactive folded dimer at neutral ph, but becomes a disordered active monomer ... | 2014 | 23835624 |
| caspase-11 cleaves gasdermin d for non-canonical inflammasome signalling. | intracellular lipopolysaccharide from gram-negative bacteria including escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, shigella flexneri, and burkholderia thailandensis activates mouse caspase-11, causing pyroptotic cell death, interleukin-1β processing, and lethal septic shock. how caspase-11 executes these downstream signalling events is largely unknown. here we show that gasdermin d is essential for caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis and interleukin-1β maturation. a forward genetic screen with ethyl-n ... | 2015 | 26375259 |
| antimicrobial use for and resistance of zoonotic bacteria recovered from nonhuman primates. | as a growing threat to human and animal health, antimicrobial resistance (amr) has become a central public-health topic. largescale surveillance systems, such as the national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system (narms), are now established to monitor and provide guidance regarding amr, but comprehensive literature on amr among nhp is sparse. this study provides data regarding current antimicrobial use strategies and the prevalence of amr in zoonotic bacteria recovered from nhp within biom ... | 2017 | 28222842 |
| antimicrobial use for and resistance of zoonotic bacteria recovered from nonhuman primates. | as a growing threat to human and animal health, antimicrobial resistance (amr) has become a central public-health topic. largescale surveillance systems, such as the national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system (narms), are now established to monitor and provide guidance regarding amr, but comprehensive literature on amr among nhp is sparse. this study provides data regarding current antimicrobial use strategies and the prevalence of amr in zoonotic bacteria recovered from nhp within biom ... | 2017 | 28128070 |
| detection of salmonella spp. by a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method targeting bcfd gene. | in this study, we developed and validated a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for salmonella detection targeting bcfd gene, a conserved fimbrial operon gene existing in salmonella. the salmonella lamp assay we developed successfully amplified 44 salmonella strains (14 standard strains and 30 clinical isolates), but none of 9 non-salmonella standard strains (proteus mirabilis, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, shigella flexneri, shigella sonnei, k ... | 2014 | 25199410 |
| decay of genetic markers for fecal bacterial indicators and pathogens in sand from lake superior. | beach sands impact water quality and pathogen loads, however, the comparative decay of the fecal indicator bacteria (fib) enterococcus spp. and escherichia coli, and pathogens in freshwater sand have not been examined. in this study, freshwater sand microcosms were inoculated with sewage and pure cultures of bacterial pathogens to compare relative decay rates. the abundance of culturable enterococcus spp. and e. coli, genetic markers for enterococcus spp. (entero1), total bacteroides (allbac), a ... | 2014 | 24793108 |
| isolation and characterization of antimicrobial constituents of searsia chirindensis l. (anacardiaceae) leaf extracts. | searsia chirindensis is used in south african traditional medicine for management of bacterial infections such as diarrhoea. aim of the study was to examine the phytochemical composition from the leaves of searsia chirindensis that is responsible for the ethnomedicinal use of this plant. | 2013 | 24060408 |
| profile of volatile components of hydrodistilled and extracted leaves of jacaranda acutifolia and their antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens. | volatile constituents of the essential oil and n-hexane extract of jacaranda acutifolia humb. and bonpl. (bignoniaceae) leaves were determined, and their antimicrobial activities were investigated using an agar diffusion method. the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) were determined and compared with those of standard antibiotics (penicillin, gentamicin and nystatin). the chemical composition of the oils was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (glc-fid) and gas chromatography-mass spec ... | 2014 | 25230515 |
| cold-active antibacterial and antifungal activities and antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from an alpine hydrocarbon-contaminated industrial site. | selection pressure in hydrocarbon-contaminated soils may lead not only to increased microbial resistance to antibiotics, but also to increased capacity of the soil indigenous population to produce antimicrobial compounds. therefore, we studied the antibiotic resistance pattern and antibacterial and/or antifungal activities of 47 bacterial strains isolated from an industrial alpine site heavily polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons. resistance to penicillin was more widespread (49%) than resistanc ... | 2014 | 24880083 |
| synthesis, structures, spectroscopy and antimicrobial properties of complexes of copper(ii) with salicylaldehyde n-substituted thiosemicarbazones and 2,2'-bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline. | among the biometals (cu, co, ni-cofactors in many enzymes), copper derivatives of o, n, s-donor salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazones have received considerable attention owing to their potential biological applications. eight new complexes of salicylaldehyde-n-substituted thiosemicarbazones [5-meo-2-ho-c₆h₄-c(2)(h)n(3)-n(2)h-c(1)(s)-n(1)hr; r = me, h2l(1); et, h₂l(1), ph, h₂l(3), h, h₂l(4)] with copper(ii), namely, [cu(κ(3)-o,n,s-l)( κ(2)-n,n-l')] {(l)(2-) = (l(1))(2-), l' = bipy, 1, phen, 2; (l)( ... | 2014 | 24583354 |
| synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of some pyrimidine derivatives. | some novel pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives bearing various substituent have been synthesized. the structures of target compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral data. some selected members of the newly synthesized compounds were investigated for their cytotoxic potency against certain human tumor cell lines. five representative active anticancer compounds 6a, 6c, 6d, 17a and 18a were subjected to docking using moe program on the 3d structure of two enzymes, namely; thymid ... | 2013 | 23811090 |
| a creb3-arf4 signalling pathway mediates the response to golgi stress and susceptibility to pathogens. | treatment of cells with brefeldin a (bfa) blocks secretory vesicle transport and causes a collapse of the golgi apparatus. to gain more insight into the cellular mechanisms mediating bfa toxicity, we conducted a genome-wide haploid genetic screen that led to the identification of the small g protein adp-ribosylation factor 4 (arf4). arf4 depletion preserves viability, golgi integrity and cargo trafficking in the presence of bfa, and these effects depend on the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ... | 2013 | 24185178 |
| activation of type iii interferon genes by pathogenic bacteria in infected epithelial cells and mouse placenta. | bacterial infections trigger the expression of type i and ii interferon genes but little is known about their effect on type iii interferon (ifn-λ) genes, whose products play important roles in epithelial innate immunity against viruses. here, we studied the expression of ifn-λ genes in cultured human epithelial cells infected with different pathogenic bacteria and in the mouse placenta infected with listeria monocytogenes. we first showed that in intestinal lovo cells, induction of ifn-λ genes ... | 2012 | 22720036 |
| development of a high-throughput method to evaluate serum bactericidal activity using bacterial atp measurement as survival readout. | serum bactericidal activity (sba) assay is the method of choice to evaluate the complement-mediated functional activity of both infection- and vaccine-induced antibodies. to perform a typical sba assay, serial dilutions of sera are incubated with target bacterial strains and complement. the conventional sba assay is based on plating on agar the sba reaction mix and counting the surviving bacterial colony forming units (cfu) at each serum dilution. even with automated colony counting, it is labor ... | 2017 | 28192483 |
| noncanonical inflammasome activation by intracellular lps independent of tlr4. | gram-negative bacteria including escherichia coli, citrobacter rodentium, salmonella typhimurium, and shigella flexneri are sensed in an ill-defined manner by an intracellular inflammasome complex that activates caspase-11. we show that macrophages loaded with synthetic lipid a, e. coli lipopolysaccharide (lps), or s. typhimurium lps activate caspase-11 independently of the lps receptor toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4). consistent with lipid a triggering the noncanonical inflammasome, lps containing ... | 2013 | 23887873 |
| targeting and alteration of tight junctions by bacteria and their virulence factors such as clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | the integrity of tight junctions, which regulate paracellular permeability, is challenged by many bacterial pathogens. this is caused by inflammatory responses triggered by pathogens and direct interaction of bacteria or their toxins with host epithelial cells. in some cases, tight junction proteins represent receptors for cell surface proteins or toxins of the pathogen, such as clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe). cpe causes diarrhea and cramps-the symptoms of a common foodborne illness, ... | 2017 | 27864644 |
| label-free 3d ag nanoflower-based electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 pathogens. | it is highly desirable to develop a rapid and simple method to detect pathogens. combining nanomaterials with electrochemical techniques is an efficient way for pathogen detection. herein, a novel 3d ag nanoflower was prepared via a biomineralization method by using bovine serum albumin (bsa) as a template. it was adopted as a sensing interface to construct an electrochemical bacteria immunosensor for the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens escherichia coli (e. coli) o157:h7. bacterial antibo ... | 2016 | 27858378 |
| stress tolerant virulent strains of cronobacter sakazakii from food. | cronobacter sakazakii is considered as an emerging foodborne pathogen. the aim of this study was to isolate and characterize virulent strains of cronobacter sakazakii from food samples of bangladesh. | 2014 | 25723712 |
| safety assessment and probiotic evaluation of enterococcus faecium yf5 isolated from sourdough. | enterococcus faecium yf5, a strain previously isolated from sourdough, was assessed for safety and probiotic potential. its virulence and antibiotic resistant phenotypes (cytolysin and gelatinase production, antibiotic susceptibility) and genes (cyla, gele, ace, agg, esp, and vana) were surveyed. results indicated that the tested virulence determinants were nontoxic. in addition, e. faecium yf5 was sensitive to 3 antibiotics such as amoxicillin, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol. furthermore, resu ... | 2013 | 23488799 |
| evaluation of the antioxidative, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects of the aloe fermentation supernatant containing lactobacillus plantarum hm218749.1. | little work is done to develop aloe vera (av) using probiotics. to explore the potential benefits, the antioxidant effects and the antibacterial effects on foodborne pathogens of aloe fermentation supernatant were evaluated in vitro. our results indicated that the aloe fermentation supernatant fermented by lactobacillus plantarum hm218749.1 had very strong scavenging capacities of the dpph (86%), o2 (•-) (85%), (•)oh (76%), and fe(2+) chelation (82%) and reducing powers (242.5 mg/l), and the inh ... | 2016 | 27493450 |
| notes from the field: outbreak of diarrheal illness caused by shigella flexneri - american samoa, may-june 2014. | on may 9, 2014, a physician at hospital a in american samoa noticed an abnormally high number of children presenting to the emergency department with bloody diarrhea. based on preliminary testing of stool specimens, entamoeba histolytica infection was suspected as a possible cause. shigella was also suspected in a subset of samples. on may 22, the american samoa department of health requested assistance from cdc with the outbreak investigation. the goals of the investigation were to establish th ... | 2015 | 25590684 |
| intestinal microbial community diversity between healthy and orally infected rabbit with entamoeba histolytica by eric-pcr. | enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric)-pcr was applied to analyze the difference of intestinal microbial community diversity between healthy and orally infected rabbits with entamoeba histolytica. the dynamic changes in different parts of digestive system including the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, and rectum in healthy and infected rabbits at different time points were also tested. the intestinal microbial community of the control healthy rabbits was steady, and the total nu ... | 2012 | 22562215 |
| plantaricin ld1: a bacteriocin produced by food isolate of lactobacillus plantarum ld1. | plantaricin ld1, a bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus plantarum ld1, was characterized for biochemical and antimicrobial properties. bacteriocin showed stability at high temperatures (100 °c for 20 min and 121 °c for 15 min under 15 psi pressure), in a ph range of 2.0-8.0 and also in the presence of organic solvents, surfactants and detergents. the crude preparation was not affected by catalase, amylase and lipase but activity was reduced in the presence of pepsin, trypsin and proteinase k sh ... | 2014 | 24522411 |
| probiotic assessment of enterococcus durans 6hl and lactococcus lactis 2hl isolated from vaginal microflora. | forty-five lactic acid bacteria (lab) were isolated from the vaginal specimens of healthy fertile women, and the identities of the bacteria were confirmed by sequencing of their 16s rdna genes. among these bacteria, only four isolates were able to resist and survive in low ph, bile salts and simulated in vitro digestion conditions. lactococcus lactis 2hl, enterococcus durans 6hl, lactobacillus acidophilus 36yl and lactobacillus plantarum 5bl showed the best resistance to these conditions. these ... | 2014 | 24913559 |
| field study on evaluation of the efficacy and usability of two disinfectants for drinking water treatment at small cattle breeders and dairy cattle farms. | the hygienic quality of drinking water for cattle originated from different sources together with the efficacy and usability of two types of disinfectants against waterborne pathogens were assessed for small cattle breeders and dairy cattle farms. a total of 120 drinking water samples were collected from water troughs representing three different water sources commonly used for cattle drinking (tap, underground and surface water; n = 65, 25, and 30, respectively). collected samples were cultured ... | 2016 | 26861741 |
| quantification of polyphenols and evaluation of antimicrobial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous and acetone-water extracts of libidibia ferrea, parapiptadenia rigida and psidium guajava. | vast numbers of plant species from northeastern brazil have not yet been phytochemically or biologically evaluated. | 2014 | 25124277 |
| production of microbial medium from defatted brebra (milletia ferruginea) seed flour to substitute commercial peptone agar. | to investigate and optimize microbial media that substitute peptone agar using brebra seed defatted flour. | 2013 | 24075344 |
| antibacterial potential and genetic profile of enterococcus faecium strains isolated from human normal flora. | enterococci have a widespread attendance in the circumference and belongs to the enteric commensal microbiota. most of them produce the antimicrobial compounds and have an inhibition effect on pathogenic microorganisms. the objective of this study was to characterize the enterococcal strains isolated from human normal flora and assess their antibacterial activity. enterococcal isolates were obtained from the feces of eighteen healthy humans. all enterococcal species were identified by biochemica ... | 2016 | 27165538 |
| a novel enterocin t1 with anti-pseudomonas activity produced by enterococcus faecium t1 from chinese tibet cheese. | an enterocin-producing enterococcus faecium t1 was isolated from chinese tibet cheese. the enterocin was purified by sp-sepharose and reversed phase hplc. it was identified as unique from other reported bacteriocins based on molecular weight (4629 da) and amino acid compositions; therefore it was subsequently named enterocin t1. enterocin t1 was stable at 80-100 °c and over a wide ph range, ph 3.0-10.0. protease sensitivity was observed to trypsin, pepsin, papain, proteinase k, and pronase e. im ... | 2016 | 26745981 |
| antimicrobial activity and the presence of virulence factors and bacteriocin structural genes in enterococcus faecium cm33 isolated from ewe colostrum. | screening of lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from ewe colostrum led to the identification and isolation of enterococcus faecium cm33 with interesting features like high survival rates under acidic or bile salts condition, high tolerance for the simulated gastrointestinal condition, and high adhesive potential to caco-2 cells. according the inhibition of pathogen adhesion test results, this strain can reduce more than 50% adhesion capacity of escherichia coli, shigella flexneri, klebsiella pn ... | 2015 | 26284059 |
| biochemical properties and mechanism of action of enterocin ld3 purified from enterococcus hirae ld3. | enterocin ld3 was purified using activity-guided multistep chromatography techniques such as cation-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. the preparation's purity was tested using reverse-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography. the specific activity was tested to be 187.5 au µg(-1) with 13-fold purification. purified enterocin ld3 was heat stable up to 121 °c (at 15 psi pressure) and ph 2-6. the activity was lost in the presence of papain, reduced by proteinase k, pepsin and trypsin ... | 2016 | 27145777 |
| relationship between drug resistance and the clustered, regularly interspaced, short, palindromic repeat-associated protein genes cas1 and cas2 in shigella from giant panda dung. | to detect drug resistance in shigella obtained from the dung of the giant panda, explore the factors leading to drug resistance in shigella, understand the characteristics of clustered, regularly interspaced, short, palindromic repeats (crispr), and assess the relationship between crispr and drug resistance. | 2017 | 28207509 |
| attachment of 13 types of foodborne bacteria to jalapeño and serrano peppers and antibacterial effect of roselle calyx extracts, sodium hypochlorite, colloidal silver, and acetic acid against these foodborne bacteria on peppers. | chili peppers are a very important crop in mexico. however, these peppers have been associated with salmonella infection outbreaks in the united states, and salmonella and diarrheagenic escherichia coli pathotypes have been isolated from jalapeño and serrano peppers in mexico. to decrease microbial contamination of fruits and vegetables, chemical agents are commonly used; however, chemical agents used to eliminate pathogenic bacteria on vegetables have a limited antimicrobial effect. roselle ( h ... | 2017 | 28199144 |
| bacterium-derived cell-penetrating peptides deliver gentamicin to kill intracellular pathogens. | commonly used antimicrobials show poor cellular uptake and often have limited access to intracellular targets, resulting in low antimicrobial activity against intracellular pathogens. an efficient delivery system to transport these drugs to the intracellular site of action is needed. cell-penetrating peptides (cpps) mediate the internalization of biologically active molecules into the cytoplasm. here, we characterized two cpps, α1h and α2h, derived from the yersinia enterocolitica yopm effector ... | 2017 | 28096156 |
| infection of human intestinal epithelial cells by invasive bacteria activates nf-κb and increases icam-1 expression through nod1. | nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (nod1) is required for primary intestinal epithelial cells (iecs) to respond to natural mucopeptides secreted by gram-negative bacteria. infection of human iecs with invasive bacteria up-regulates intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) expression. however, the role of nod family members in host defense has been largely unknown. the aim of this study was to determine whether there is a functional role for nod1 in the up-regulation of icam-1 expressi ... | 2017 | 28092699 |
| recent outbreaks of shigellosis in california caused by two distinct populations of shigella sonnei with either increased virulence or fluoroquinolone resistance. | shigella sonnei has caused unusually large outbreaks of shigellosis in california in 2014 and 2015. preliminary data indicated the involvement of two distinct bacterial populations, one from san diego and san joaquin (sdi/sjo) and one from the san francisco (sfr) bay area. whole-genome analysis and antibiotic susceptibility testing of 68 outbreak and archival isolates of s. sonnei were performed to investigate the microbiological factors related to these outbreaks. both sdi/sjo and sfr populatio ... | 2017 | 28028547 |
| a single and two step isomerization process for d-tagatose and l-ribose bioproduction using l-arabinose isomerase and d-lyxose isomerase. | l-ribose and d-tagatose are biochemically synthesized using sugar isomerases. the l-arabinose isomerase gene from shigella flexneri (sf-ai) was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli bl-21. sf-ai was applied for the bioproduction of d-tagatose from d-galactose. l-ribose synthesis was performed by two step isomerization using sf-ai and d-lyxose/ribose isomerase from cohnella laevoribosii. the overall 22.3% and 25% conversion rate were observed for d-tagatose and l-ribose production from d-galac ... | 2017 | 28010770 |
| identification of escherichia coli and shigella species from whole-genome sequences. | escherichia coli and shigella species are closely related and genetically constitute the same species. differentiating between these two pathogens and accurately identifying the four species of shigella are therefore challenging. the organism-specific bioinformatics whole-genome sequencing (wgs) typing pipelines at public health england are dependent on the initial identification of the bacterial species by use of a kmer-based approach. of the 1,982 escherichia coli and shigella sp. isolates ana ... | 2017 | 27974538 |
| h-ns, its family members and their regulation of virulence genes in shigella species. | the histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (h-ns) has played a key role in shaping the evolution of shigella spp., and provides the backdrop to the regulatory cascade that controls virulence by silencing many genes found on the large virulence plasmid. h-ns and its paralogue stpa are present in all four shigella spp., but a second h-ns paralogue, sfh, is found in the shigella flexneri type strain 2457t, which is routinely used in studies of shigella pathogenesis. while stpa and sfh have been ... | 2016 | 27916940 |
| multicenter evaluation of molecular and culture-dependent diagnostics for shigella species and entero-invasive escherichia coli in the netherlands. | an inter-laboratory collaborative trial for the evaluation of diagnostics for detection and identification of shigella species and entero-invasive escherichia coli (eiec) was performed. sixteen medical microbiological laboratories (mmls) participated. mmls were interviewed about their diagnostic methods and a sample panel, consisting of dna-extracts and spiked stool samples with different concentrations of shigella flexneri, was provided to each mml. the results of the trial showed an enormous v ... | 2016 | 27693908 |
| pathogenic lifestyles of e. coli pathotypes in a standardized epithelial cell model influence inflammatory signaling pathways and cytokines secretion. | inflammatory response is key for the host defense against diarrheagenic escherichia coli and contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease but there is not a comparative study among different diarrheagenic pathotypes. we analyzed the inflammatory response induced by five diarrheagenic pathotypes in a ht-29 cell infection model. the model was unified to reproduce the pathogenesis of each pathotype. to compare the inflammatory responses we evaluated: (i) nuclear nf-κb and erk1/2 translocation by ... | 2016 | 27774437 |
| [active etiological surveillance for foodborne diseases in guangdong province, 2013-2014]. | objective: to study the infection status, serotypes, drug resistance and molecular characteristics of salmonella, shigella, vibrio parahemolyticus, enterotoxigenic escherichia (e.) coli (etec), pathogenic e. coli (epec), shiga toxin producing e. coli (stec) and enteroinvasive e. coli (eiec) collected from diarrhea patients in guangdong. methods: the strains of salmonella, shigella, v. parahemolyticus and 4 kinds of e. coli isolated from foodborne diseases surveillance during 2013-2014 were colle ... | 2016 | 27765129 |
| antibacterial activity of polyphenolic fraction of kombucha against enteric bacterial pathogens. | the emergence of multi-drug-resistant enteric pathogens has prompted the scientist community to explore the therapeutic potentials of traditional foods and beverages. the present study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of kombucha, a fermented beverage of sugared black tea, against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, vibrio cholerae, shigella flexneri and salmonella typhimurium followed by the identification of the antibacterial components present in kombucha. the antibacterial activity w ... | 2016 | 27638313 |
| development of a sandwich elisa for ehec o157:h7 intimin γ1. | enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 is a zoonotic pathogen of worldwide importance that causes foodborne infections in humans. intimin gamma 1 (intimin γ1) is one of the most important outer membrane proteins required for ehec's intimate adhesion to epithelial cells. here, we generated a polyclonal antibody (pab) and a monoclonal antibody (mab) against intimin γ1 to develop a double antibody sandwich elisa (das-elisa) with increased sensitivity and specificity for measuring ehec o1 ... | 2016 | 27603508 |
| combining shigella tn-seq data with gold-standard e. coli gene deletion data suggests rare transitions between essential and non-essential gene functionality. | gene essentiality - whether or not a gene is necessary for cell growth - is a fundamental component of gene function. it is not well established how quickly gene essentiality can change, as few studies have compared empirical measures of essentiality between closely related organisms. | 2016 | 27599549 |
| supercharging reagent for enhanced liquid chromatographic separation and charging of sialylated and high-molecular-weight glycopeptides for nanohplc-esi-ms/ms analysis. | recent developments in proteomic techniques have led to the development of mass spectrometry (ms)-based methods to characterize site-specific glycosylation of proteins. however, appropriate analytical tools to characterize acidic and high-molecular-weight (hmw) glycopeptides are still lacking. in this study, we demonstrate that the addition of supercharging reagent, m-nitrobenzyl alcohol (m-nba), into mobile phases greatly facilitates the analysis of acidic and hmw glycopeptides. using commercia ... | 2016 | 27487254 |
| characterization of a biofilm-forming shigella flexneri phenotype due to deficiency in hep biosynthesis. | deficiency in biosynthesis of inner core of lipopolysaccharide (lps) rendered a characteristic biofilm-forming phenotype in e. coli. the pathological implications of this new phenotype in shigella flexneri, a highly contagious enteric gram-negative bacteria that is closely related to e. coli, were investigated in this study. the δrfac (also referred as waac) mutant, with incomplete inner core of lps due to deficiency in hep biosynthesis, was characteristic of strong biofilm formation ability and ... | 2016 | 27478696 |
| identification of a distinct substrate-binding domain in the bacterial cysteine methyltransferase effectors nlee and ospz. | the type iii secretion system effector protein nlee from enteropathogenic escherichia coli plays a key role in the inhibition of nf-κb activation during infection. nlee inactivates the ubiquitin chain binding activity of host proteins tak1-binding proteins 2 and 3 (tab2 and tab3) by modifying the npl4 zinc finger domain through s-adenosyl methionine-dependent cysteine methylation. using yeast two-hybrid protein interaction studies, we found that a conserved region between amino acids 34 and 52 o ... | 2016 | 27445336 |
| tetracycline-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticle (tet-cpnp): rejuvenation of an obsolete antibiotic to further action. | increasing resistance in bacteria towards antibiotics has made it imperative to research on their revitalization to combat infectious diseases. this study dealt with synthesis of a nano-form of the antibiotic tetracycline, its characterization and potency of killing different multi-drug resistant diarrhea-causing bacteria. | 2016 | 27288585 |
| shigella diversity and changing landscape: insights for the twenty-first century. | shigella is a pathovar of escherichia coli comprising four groups, shigella flexneri, shigella sonnei, shigella dysenteriae, and shigella boydii, each of them, with the exception of s.sonnei, comprising several serotypes. shigella accounts for the majority of dysentery causing infections occurring world-wide each year. recent advancements in the shigella field have led to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying host epithelial cell invasion and immune cell function manipula ... | 2016 | 27148494 |
| implications of spatiotemporal regulation of shigella flexneri type three secretion activity on effector functions: think globally, act locally. | shigella spp. are gram-negative bacterial pathogens that infect human colonic epithelia and cause bacterial dysentery. these bacteria express multiple copies of a syringe-like protein complex, the type three secretion apparatus (t3sa), which is instrumental in the etiology of the disease. the t3sa triggers the plasma membrane (pm) engulfment of the bacteria by host cells during the initial entry process. it then enables bacteria to escape the resulting phagocytic-like vacuole. freed bacteria for ... | 2016 | 27014638 |
| the serine protease pic as a virulence factor of atypical enteropathogenic escherichia coli. | autotransporter proteins (at) are associated with bacterial virulence attributes. originally identified in enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec), shigella flexneri 2a and uropathogenic e. coli, the serine protease pic is one of these at. we have previously detected one atypical enteropathogenic e. coli strain (ba589) carrying the pic gene. in the present study, we characterized the biological activities of pic produced by ba589 both in vitro and in vivo. contrarily to other pic-producers bac ... | 2016 | 26963626 |
| establishment and application of a visual dna microarray for the detection of food-borne pathogens. | the accurate detection and identification of food-borne pathogenic microorganisms is critical for food safety nowadays. in the present work, a visual dna microarray was established and applied to detect pathogens commonly found in food, including salmonella enterica, shigella flexneri, e. coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes in food samples. multiplex pcr (mpcr) was employed to simultaneously amplify specific gene fragments, fimy for salmonella, ipah for shigella, iap for l. monocytogenes and ... | 2016 | 26860568 |
| characterization of slya in shigella flexneri identifies a novel role in virulence. | the slya transcriptional regulator has important roles in the virulence and pathogenesis of several members of the enterobacteriaceae family, including salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and escherichia coli. despite the identification of the slya gene in shigella flexneri nearly 2 decades ago, as well as the significant conservation of slya among enteric bacteria, the role of slya in shigella remains unknown. the genes regulated by slya in closely related organisms often are absent from or ... | 2016 | 26831468 |
| resin glycosides from ipomoea wolcottiana as modulators of the multidrug resistance phenotype in vitro. | recycling liquid chromatography was used for the isolation and purification of resin glycosides from the chcl3-soluble extracts prepared using flowers of ipomoea wolcottiana rose var. wolcottiana. bioassay-guided fractionation, using modulation of both antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant strains of gram-negative bacteria and vinblastine susceptibility in breast carcinoma cells, was used to isolate the active glycolipids as modulators of the multidrug resistance phenotype. an ester-ty ... | 2016 | 26774597 |
| prediction of intra-species protein-protein interactions in enteropathogens facilitating systems biology study. | protein-protein interactions in escherichia coli (e. coli) has been studied extensively using high throughput methods such as tandem affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry and yeast two-hybrid method. this can in turn be used to understand the mechanisms of bacterial cellular processes. however, experimental characterization of such huge amount of interactions data is not available for other important enteropathogens. here, we propose a support vector machine (svm)-based prediction ... | 2015 | 26717407 |
| alteration in apyrase enzyme attenuated virulence of shigella flexneri. | virulence of shigella is attributed to the genes presence in chromosome or in the megaplasmid. the apy gene which is located in the megaplasmid of shigella species encodes for apyrase enzyme, a pathogenesis-associated enzyme causing mitochondrial damage and host cell death. in this study we constructed an apy mutant of shigella flexneri by insertional activation using a kanamycin resistant gene cassette. the wild type apy gene of s. flexneri 2a was pcr amplified, cloned and mutated with insertio ... | 2016 | 26706344 |
| microbial contamination of street vended foods from a university campus in bangladesh. | the microbiological quality of street vended food samples from dhaka, bangladesh was evaluated. the objective of the study was to identify the presence of common pathogens (escherichia coli, shigella spp, salmonella and vibrio spp) and to describe the molecular characterization of e coli, a commonly found pathogen in various street foods. fifty food samples were collected from fixed and mobile vendors from two sampling locations (mohakhali and aftabnagar) in dhaka city, bangladesh. the tested sa ... | 2015 | 26521522 |
| multi-parameter flow cytometry as a process analytical technology (pat) approach for the assessment of bacterial ghost production. | flow cytometry (fcm) is a tool for the analysis of single-cell properties in a cell suspension. in this contribution, we present an improved fcm method for the assessment of e-lysis in enterobacteriaceae. the result of the e-lysis process is empty bacterial envelopes-called bacterial ghosts (bgs)-that constitute potential products in the pharmaceutical field. bgs have reduced light scattering properties when compared with intact cells. in combination with viability information obtained from stai ... | 2016 | 26521248 |
| complete sequences and characterization of two novel plasmids carrying aac(6')-ib-cr and qnrs gene in shigella flexneri. | the complete sequences of two previously reported plasmids carrying plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes from shigella flexneri in china have not been available. the present study using the p5-c3 assembly method revealed that (1) the plasmid psf07201 with aac(6')-ib-cr had 75,335 bp with antibiotic resistance genes ctx-m-3, tem-1, and fosa3; (2) seven fragments of psf07201 had more than 99% homology with the seven corresponding plasmids; (3) the other plasmid psf07202 with qnrs had 47,669 ... | 2016 | 26469217 |
| a small-scale experiment of using phage-based probiotic dietary supplement for prevention of e. coli traveler's diarrhea. | traveler's diarrhea (td) is caused by escherichia coli in 30% of cases. we have developed a phage cocktail for prophylaxis of td caused by e.coli, shigella flexneri, shigella sonnei, salmonella enterica, listeria monocytogenes or staphylococcus aureus, and investigated its effectiveness against infection caused by the non-pathogenic lac (-) strain of e.coli k12 c600 in animal and human trials. on the 6th day of both animal and human trials e. coli k12 c600 strain was detected in titer of 10(4) c ... | 2017 | 26458758 |
| attributes of carbapenemase encoding conjugative plasmid pndm-sal from an extensively drug-resistant salmonella enterica serovar senftenberg. | a carbapenem resistant salmonella enterica serovar senftenberg isolate bch 2406 was isolated from a diarrheal child attending an outpatient unit of b.c. roy hospital in kolkata, india. this isolate was positive for the bla ndm-1 in the pcr assay, which was confirmed by amplicon sequencing. except for tetracycline, this isolate was resistant to all the tested antimicrobials. the bla ndm-1 was found to be located on a 146.13-kb mega plasmid pndm-sal, which could be conjugally transferred into esch ... | 2015 | 26441902 |
| failure of syndrome-based diarrhea management guidelines to detect shigella infections in kenyan children. | shigella is a leading cause of childhood diarrhea mortality in sub-saharan africa. current world health organization guidelines recommend antibiotics for children in non cholera-endemic areas only in the presence of dysentery, a proxy for suspected shigella infection. | 2016 | 26407270 |
| structural and biochemical analysis of a single amino-acid mutant of wzzbsf that alters lipopolysaccharide o-antigen chain length in shigella flexneri. | lipopolysaccharide (lps), a surface polymer of gram-negative bacteria, helps bacteria survive in different environments and acts as a virulence determinant of host infection. the o-antigen (oag) component of lps exhibits a modal chain-length distribution that is controlled by polysaccharide co-polymerases (pcps). the molecular basis of the regulation of oag chain-lengths remains unclear, despite extensive mutagenesis and structural studies of pcps from escherichia coli and shigella. here, we ide ... | 2015 | 26378781 |
| broad spectrum antimicrobial compounds from the bacterium exiguobacterium mexicanum mssrfs9. | clinical bacterial pathogens front a major challenge for the clinical researchers and physicians. in particular microbial pathogens like escherichia coli, shigella flexneri, klebsiella pneumonia and salmonella enterica are apparelled with systemic machineries to bring down the human immune system as well as proliferate dramatically in a short period which in turn cause a pronounced ailment to the human health. in vitro evaluation of four purified compounds isolated from rhizosphere bacterium exi ... | 2015 | 26302848 |
| species-wide whole genome sequencing reveals historical global spread and recent local persistence in shigella flexneri. | shigella flexneri is the most common cause of bacterial dysentery in low-income countries. despite this, s. flexneri remains largely unexplored from a genomic standpoint and is still described using a vocabulary based on serotyping reactions developed over half-a-century ago. here we combine whole genome sequencing with geographical and temporal data to examine the natural history of the species. our analysis subdivides s. flexneri into seven phylogenetic groups (pgs); each containing two-or-mor ... | 2015 | 26238191 |
| the effect of quorum sensing system for growth competitiveness on shigella flexneri. | quorum sensing (qs) regulates the onset of bacterial social responses related to cell density. comparison between the gene sequences of all components of qs system of escherichia coli and shigella strains, shows that the qs system is generally lost or mutated in shigella. since ai-2 is produced and processed by the lsr operon, we analyzed the potential function of the lsr operon. we first detected ai-2 in shigella flexneri 2a strain 301 through the reporter bacteria vibrio harveyi bb170, indicat ... | 2015 | 25998438 |
| prevalence of shiga toxin-producing shigella species isolated from french travellers returning from the caribbean: an emerging pathogen with international implications. | shiga toxins (stxs) are potent cytotoxins that inhibit host cell protein synthesis, leading to cell death. classically, these toxins are associated with intestinal infections due to stx-producing escherichia coli or shigella dysenteriae serotype 1, and infections with these strains can lead to haemolytic-uraemic syndrome. over the past decade, there has been increasing recognition that stx is produced by additional shigella species. we recently reported the presence and expression of stx genes i ... | 2015 | 25980352 |
| engineering escherichia coli into a protein delivery system for mammalian cells. | many gram-negative pathogens encode type 3 secretion systems, sophisticated nanomachines that deliver proteins directly into the cytoplasm of mammalian cells. these systems present attractive opportunities for therapeutic protein delivery applications; however, their utility has been limited by their inherent pathogenicity. here, we report the reengineering of a laboratory strain of escherichia coli with a tunable type 3 secretion system that can efficiently deliver heterologous proteins into ma ... | 2015 | 25853840 |
| formate hydrogen lyase mediates stationary-phase deacidification and increases survival during sugar fermentation in acetoin-producing enterobacteria. | two fermentation types exist in the enterobacteriaceae family. mixed-acid fermenters produce substantial amounts of lactate, formate, acetate, and succinate, resulting in lethal medium acidification. on the other hand, 2,3-butanediol fermenters switch to the production of the neutral compounds acetoin and 2,3-butanediol and even deacidify the environment after an initial acidification phase, thereby avoiding cell death. we equipped three mixed-acid fermenters (salmonella typhimurium, s. enteriti ... | 2015 | 25762991 |
| crystal structure of lpth, the periplasmic component of the lipopolysaccharide transport machinery from pseudomonas aeruginosa. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is the main glycolipid present in the outer leaflet of the outer membrane (om) of gram-negative bacteria, where it modulates om permeability, therefore preventing many toxic compounds from entering the cell. lps biogenesis is an essential process in gram-negative bacteria and thus is an ideal target pathway for the development of novel specific antimicrobials. the lipopolysaccharide transport (lpt) system is responsible for transporting lps from the periplasmic surface o ... | 2015 | 25735820 |
| first two domains at the lp_1643 protein n terminus inhibit pathogen adhesion to porcine mucus in vitro. | gastrointestinal probiotics are important members of intestinal microflora in both healthy animals and human beings, and these bacteria may reduce the risk of infection caused by certain opportunistic pathogens through exclusive inhibition, competition, and displacement. the lp_1643 protein on the cell surface of lactobacillus plantarum wcfsi was assumed to possess a mucus-binding capability. this study aimed to determine if purified his-n2 protein exclusively inhibits pathogen adhesion to porci ... | 2015 | 25710153 |
| distribution and antimicrobial resistance of enteric pathogens in chinese paediatric diarrhoea: a multicentre retrospective study, 2008-2013. | the enteric pathogens causing diarrhoea impair children's health severely. this study retrospectively analysed 1577 pathogens isolated from inpatients and outpatients in six hospitals located in northern (inner mongolia), northeastern (hebei), eastern (shanghai and jiangsu), southern (hainan) and central (hubei) china between 2008 and 2013. of the 1577 enteric pathogens, salmonella presented with the highest frequency (36·0%), followed by diarrhoeagenic escherichia coli (23·7%), staphylococcus a ... | 2015 | 25586929 |
| the serine protease pic from enteroaggregative escherichia coli mediates immune evasion by the direct cleavage of complement proteins. | enteroaggregative and uropathogenic escherichia coli, shigella flexneri 2a, and the hybrid enteroaggregative/shiga toxin-producing e. coli strain (o104:h4) are important pathogens responsible for intestinal and urinary tract infections, as well as sepsis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. they have in common the production of a serine protease called pic. several biological roles for pic have been described, including protection of e. coli dh5α from complement-mediated killing. hereby we showed that ... | 2015 | 25583166 |
| [preparation and identification of the polyclonal antibody against heat shock protein 70 (dnak) from shigella flexneri 5a m90t]. | to generate polyclonal antibodies against shigella flexneri 5a m90t heat shock protein 70 (dnak) and identify the specificity and titer of antibodies. | 2015 | 25575068 |
| short communication: in vitro assessment of antioxidant, antibacterial and phytochemical analysis of peel of citrus sinensis. | antibacterial effect of citrus sinensis peel extracts was evaluated against several pathogenic bacteria associated with human and fish infections viz., escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumonia, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, staphylococcus epidermidis, serratia marcesnces, shigella flexneri, enterobacter amnigenus, salmonella typhimurium and serratia odorifera. methanol, ethanol, chloroform and diethyl ether solvents were used for extraction. in vitro antiba ... | 2015 | 25553700 |
| characterization and bioactivities of an exopolysaccharide produced by lactobacillus plantarum yw32. | the exopolysaccharide (eps) produced by lactobacillus plantarum yw32 was purified and characterized, and the in vitro bioactivities of the purified eps were also evaluated. the eps had a molecular weight of 1.03×10(5) da, and it consisted of mannose, fructose, galactose and glucose in an approximate molar ratio of 8.2:1:4.1:4.2. microstructural studies of the eps demonstrated a web-like structure composed of compact ropes, and presence of many homogeneous rod-shaped lumps. the eps also showed hi ... | 2015 | 25532782 |
| analysis on the interaction domain of virg and apyrase by pull-down assay. | virg is outer membrane protein of shigella and affects the spread of shigella. recently it has been reported that apyrase influences the location of virg, although the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. the site of interaction between apyrase and virg is the focus of our research. first we constructed recombinant plasmid phis-phon2 and ps-(v1-1102, v53-758, v759-1102, v53-319, v320-507, v507-758) by denaturation-renaturation, the phon2:kan mutant of shigella flexneri 5a m90t by a mo ... | 2014 | 25379645 |
| a shigella flexneri virulence plasmid encoded factor controls production of outer membrane vesicles. | shigella spp. use a repertoire of virulence plasmid-encoded factors to cause shigellosis. these include components of a type iii secretion apparatus (t3sa) that is required for invasion of epithelial cells and many genes of unknown function. we constructed an array of 99 deletion mutants comprising all genes encoded by the virulence plasmid (excluding those known to be required for plasmid maintenance) of shigella flexneri. we screened these mutants for their ability to bind the dye congo red: a ... | 2014 | 25378474 |