| long-erm care. | | 2016 | 4966961 |
| [determination of oxidative potential in candida utilis cultures]. | | 2016 | 5096620 |
| rhinocerebral mucormycosis following kidney transplantation. | | 2016 | 4923404 |
| merleau-ponty mismanaged. | | 2016 | 4865137 |
| memory under diazepam-morphine neuroleptanesthesia in male surgical patients. | | 2016 | 4858243 |
| [indomethacin. clinical and biologic study conducted with 73 patients]. | | 2016 | 4885208 |
| reversible cerebellar dysfunction following porta-caval shunt. | | 2016 | 4844733 |
| [removal of large foreign bodies from the rectum]. | | 2016 | 4842225 |
| [the effects of inotropic substances on the heart dynamics and peripheral blood circulation]. | | 2016 | 4899541 |
| [critical analysis of the results of cerebral scintigraphy with 99m tc in 500 cases]. | | 2016 | 5051106 |
| on the intensive aspect of the temperature sense. | | 2016 | 4773159 |
| [excessive concretization and "overinclusion" as a hypothesis elucidating the pathology of conceptive thinking in schizophrenia]. | | 2016 | 4905453 |
| [simplified documentation at the resuscitation department using punch cards]. | | 2016 | 4762665 |
| [treatment of gallstones by dissolution]. | | 2016 | 4761203 |
| the bacterial flora of the atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) in relation to its environment. | | 2016 | 4753412 |
| hypercarbic anaesthesia in carotid endarterectomy. | | 2016 | 4728165 |
| correlated physiological and ultrastructural studies on specialized muscles. 3. neuromuscular physiology of the power-stroke muscle of the swimming leg of portunus sanguinolentus. | | 2016 | 4717558 |
| red cell glutathione peroxidase polymorphism in afro-americans. | | 2016 | 4823031 |
| [chronic diseases of the exocrine pancreas. clinical diagnosis]. | | 2016 | 4750320 |
| regulatory protein ompr influences the serum resistance of yersinia enterocolitica o:9 by modifying the structure of the outer membrane. | the envz/ompr two-component system constitutes a regulatory pathway involved in bacterial adaptive responses to environmental cues. our previous findings indicated that the ompr regulator in yersinia enterocolitica o:9 positively regulates the expression of flhdc, the master flagellar activator, which influences adhesion/invasion properties and biofilm formation. here we show that a strain lacking ompr grown at 37°c exhibits extremely high resistance to the bactericidal activity of normal human ... | 2013 | 24260242 |
| comparison of maldi-tof ms, gene sequencing and the vitek 2 for identification of seventy-three clinical isolates of enteropathogens. | this study was performed to evaluate the analytical and practical performance of the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) compared to the sequencing method and the vitek 2 system for identification of enteropathogens in the clinical microbiology laboratory. | 2014 | 24822116 |
| a multiplex pcr/ldr assay for simultaneous detection and identification of the niaid category b bacterial food and water-borne pathogens. | enteric pathogens that cause gastroenteritis remain a major global health concern. the goal of this study was to develop a multiplex pcr/ligation detection reaction (ldr) assay for the detection of all niaid category b bacterial food and water-borne pathogens directly from stool specimens. to validate the pcr/ldr assay, clinical isolates of campylobacter spp., vibrio spp., shigella spp., salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, yersinia enterocolitica, and diarrheagenic escherichia coli were tes ... | 2014 | 24709368 |
| etiology of childhood infectious diarrhea in a developed region of china: compared to childhood diarrhea in a developing region and adult diarrhea in a developed region. | in china, great differences in economy, social characteristics and hygiene exist between developing and developed regions. a comparative study of infectious diarrhea between two regions was needed. three groups of diarrheal patients were collected: children ≤5 year-olds from beijing (developed region) and henan province (developing region), and adults over 18 year-olds from beijing. a questionnaire was used to survey and feces samples were examined for 16 enteropathogens. we enrolled 1422 childr ... | 2015 | 26528820 |
| evaluation of luminex xtag gastrointestinal pathogen analyte-specific reagents for high-throughput, simultaneous detection of bacteria, viruses, and parasites of clinical and public health importance. | acute diarrheal disease (add) can be caused by a range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. conventional diagnostic methods, such as culture, microscopy, biochemical assays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa), are laborious and time-consuming and lack sensitivity. combined, the array of tests performed on a single specimen can increase the turnaround time (tat) significantly. we validated a 19plex laboratory-developed gastrointestinal pathogen panel (gpp) using l ... | 2013 | 23850948 |
| use of essential oils and extracts from spices in meat protection. | the hydro distillation method was used in this study to get essential oils (eos) from cumin (cuminum cyminum l.), clove (eugenia caryohyllata) and elecampane (inula helenium l.) and the co-hydro distillation method (addition of fatty acid ethyl esters as extraction cosolvents) to get functional extracts (efs). the mic (minimum inhibitory concentration) and the mbc (minimum bactericidal concentration) were determined on five pathogenic strains (escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella, listeria monoc ... | 2011 | 24803704 |
| a selective chromogenic plate, yeca, for the detection of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica: specificity, sensitivity, and capacity to detect pathogenic y. enterocolitica from pig tonsils. | a new selective chromogenic plate, yeca, was tested for its specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy to detect pathogenic y. enterocolitica from pig tonsils. we tested a panel of 26 bacterial strains on yeca and compared it to pca, cin, and yecm media. detection of pathogenic y. enterocolitica was carried out on 50 pig tonsils collected in one slaughter house. enrichment was done in psb and itc broths. streaking on yeca and cin was done in direct, after 24h incubation of itc, after 48h incubation ... | 2011 | 22567328 |
| trif mobilizes unique primary defense against gram-negative bacteria in intestinal interface. | the gastrointestinal tract is the largest mucosal surface in our body. it houses diverse microorganisms that collectively form the commensal microbial community. the security of this community is kept by host-microbial interactions and is violated by foreign pathogens that induce local as well as systemic pathology. in most cases, gastrointestinal infections are caused by gram-negative enteropathogens, which trigger host immune responses through the tlr4 signaling pathways. although trif is one ... | 2012 | 22713267 |
| identification of potential type iii secretion proteins via heterologous expression of vibrio parahaemolyticus dna. | we employed a heterologous secretion assay to identify proteins potentially secreted by type iii secretion systems (t3sss) in vibrio parahaemolyticus. n-terminal sequences from 32 proteins within t3ss genomic islands and seven proteins from elsewhere in the chromosome included proteins that were recognized for export by the yersinia enterocolitica flagellar t3ss. | 2012 | 22389365 |
| exploiting the campylobacter jejuni protein glycosylation system for glycoengineering vaccines and diagnostic tools directed against brucellosis. | immune responses directed towards surface polysaccharides conjugated to proteins are effective in preventing colonization and infection of bacterial pathogens. presently, the production of these conjugate vaccines requires intricate synthetic chemistry for obtaining, activating, and attaching the polysaccharides to protein carriers. glycoproteins generated by engineering bacterial glycosylation machineries have been proposed to be a viable alternative to traditional conjugation methods. | 2012 | 22276812 |
| development and validation of a novel diagnostic test for human brucellosis using a glyco-engineered antigen coupled to magnetic beads. | brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonosis and still a major human health problem in endemic areas of the world. although several diagnostic tools are available, most of them are difficult to implement especially in developing countries where complex health facilities are limited. taking advantage of the identical structure and composition of the brucella spp. and yersinia enterocolitica o:9 o-polysaccharide, we explored the application of a recombinant y. enterocolitica o:9-polysaccharide-prot ... | 2013 | 23459192 |
| antimicrobial activity of low-pressure plasma treatment against selected foodborne bacteria and meat microbiota. | the effects of helium and argon plasma treatments on inactivation of both pure bacterial cultures inoculated onto the surface of agarized media and the surface microbiota of meat were investigated. cold plasmas were generated by high voltage discharge at low pressure (20 kpa) for 2, 5, and 10 min. the number of viable microorganisms was determined using a plate count method. morphological changes were observed using scanning electron microscopy (sem). microbial log reduction depended on time of ... | 2014 | 26273240 |
| comparative evaluation of two commercial multiplex panels for detection of gastrointestinal pathogens by use of clinical stool specimens. | the detection of pathogens associated with gastrointestinal disease may be important in certain patient populations, such as immunocompromised hosts, the critically ill, or individuals with prolonged disease that is refractory to treatment. in this study, we evaluated two commercially available multiplex panels (the filmarray gastrointestinal [gi] panel [biofire diagnostics, salt lake city, ut] and the luminex xtag gastrointestinal pathogen panel [gpp] [luminex corporation, toronto, canada]) usi ... | 2014 | 25100818 |
| nitropropenyl benzodioxole, an anti-infective agent with action as a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor. | we report on the activities of a broad spectrum antimicrobial compound,nitropropenyl benzodioxole (npbd) which are of relevance to its potential as an anti-infective drug. these investigations support the proposal that a major mechanism of npbd is action as a tyrosine mimetic, competitively inhibiting bacterial and fungal protein tyrosine phosphatases (ptp). npbd did not affect major anti-bacterial drug targets, namely, atp production, cell wall or cell membrane integrity, or transcription and t ... | 2014 | 24976873 |
| prevalence of yersinia species in traditional and commercial dairy products in isfahan province, iran. | yersinia species, especially yersinia enterocolitica, are considered as the most prevalent milk-borne pathogens. several serological and molecular techniques have been developed for rapid and safe diagnosis of yersiniosis. | 2014 | 25147698 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of yersinia enterocolitica via targeting a conserved locus. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification is a novel nucleic acid amplification assay providing as a simple diagnostic tool for rapid identification of microbial diseases in developing countries. in this study, a lamp assay was established for yersinia enterocolitica, a leading cause of acute enterocolitis in young children. | 2015 | 26697156 |
| protozoan cysts act as a survival niche and protective shelter for foodborne pathogenic bacteria. | the production of cysts, an integral part of the life cycle of many free-living protozoa, allows these organisms to survive adverse environmental conditions. given the prevalence of free-living protozoa in food-related environments, it is hypothesized that these organisms play an important yet currently underinvestigated role in the epidemiology of foodborne pathogenic bacteria. intracystic bacterial survival is highly relevant, as this would allow bacteria to survive the stringent cleaning and ... | 2015 | 26070667 |
| htra-mediated e-cadherin cleavage is limited to degp and degq homologs expressed by gram-negative pathogens. | the serine proteases htra/degp secreted by the human gastrointestinal pathogens helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) and campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) cleave the mammalian cell adhesion protein e-cadherin to open intercellular adhesions. a wide range of bacteria also expresses the htra/degp homologs degq and/or degs, which significantly differ in structure and function. | 2016 | 27931258 |
| detection of zoonotic enteropathogens in children and domestic animals in a semirural community in ecuador. | animals are important reservoirs of zoonotic enteropathogens, and transmission to humans occurs more frequently in low- and middle-income countries (lmics), where small-scale livestock production is common. in this study, we investigated the presence of zoonotic enteropathogens in stool samples from 64 asymptomatic children and 203 domestic animals of 62 households in a semirural community in ecuador between june and august 2014. multilocus sequence typing (mlst) was used to assess zoonotic tran ... | 2016 | 27208122 |
| characteristics of bacterial pathogens associated with acute diarrhea in children under 5 years of age: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. | acute diarrhea is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, particularly in those under the age of 5 years. rotavirus is recognized as the leading cause of acute diarrhea in children, however, the contribution of bacterial pathogens as causative agents varies throughout the world. here we report a hospital-based prospective study to analyze the characteristics of bacterial pathogens associated with acute diarrhea in children under 5 years of age. | 2016 | 27267601 |
| role of host type ia phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway components in invasin-mediated internalization of yersinia enterocolitica. | many bacterial pathogens subvert mammalian type ia phosphoinositide 3-kinase (pi3k) in order to induce their internalization into host cells. how pi3k promotes internalization is not well understood. also unclear is whether type ia pi3k affects different pathogens through similar or distinct mechanisms. here, we performed an rna interference (rnai)-based screen to identify components of the type ia pi3k pathway involved in invasin-mediated entry of yersinia enterocolitica, an enteropathogen that ... | 2016 | 27068087 |
| diversity and antibiograms of bacterial organisms isolated from samples of household drinking-water consumed by hiv-positive individuals in rural settings, south africa. | diarrhoea is a hallmark of hiv infections in developing countries, and many diarrhoea-causing agents are often transmitted through water. the objective of the study was to determine the diversity and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of bacterial organisms isolated from samples of household drinking-water consumed by hiv-infected and aids patients. in the present study, household water stored for use by hiv-positive patients was tested for microbial quality, and isolated bacterial organisms wer ... | 2012 | 23082625 |
| chromagar yersinia, a new chromogenic agar for screening of potentially pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica isolates in stools. | chromagar yersinia (cay) is a new chromogenic medium for the presumptive detection of virulent yersinia enterocolitica in stools. based on a comparative analysis of 1,494 consecutive stools from hospitalized patients, cay was found to be just as sensitive as the reference medium (cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin agar) but was significantly more specific and had a very low false-positive rate. cay reduces the workload (and thus costs) for stool analysis and can therefore be recommended for routine l ... | 2013 | 23363840 |
| presence of enterotoxigenic staphylococcus aureus in artisan fruit salads in the city of san luis, argentina. | an increase in the consumption of fruit juices and minimally processed fruits salads has been observed in recent years all over the world. in this work, the microbiological quality of artisan fruit salads was analysed. faecal coliforms, salmonella spp, shigella spp, yersinia enterocolitica and escherichia coli o157:h7 were not detected; nevertheless, eleven strains of staphylococcus aureus were isolated. by multiplex pcr, all isolates showed positive results for s. aureus 16s rrna gene and 63.6% ... | 2014 | 24688505 |
| detection, distribution and characterization of novel superoxide dismutases from yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1a. | superoxide dismutases (sods) cause dismutation of superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. besides protecting the cells against oxidative damage by endogenously generated oxygen radicals, sods play an important role in intraphagocytic survival of pathogenic bacteria. the complete genome sequences of yersinia enterocolitica strains show presence of three different sod genes. however, not much is known about the types of sods present in y. enterocolitica, their characteristics and role ... | 2013 | 23704955 |
| yersinia enterocolitica serotype o:9 cultured from swedish sheep showing serologically false-positive reactions for brucella melitensis. | in a herd of 20 sheep in sweden, a country where brucellosis has never been diagnosed in sheep or goats, a total of six sheep were found serologically positive to brucella melitensis in two different rounds of sampling. yersinia enterocolitica serotype o:9 could at the time of the second sampling be isolated from four sheep, one of them at the same time serologically positive for b. melitensis. the article describes the case and gives some background information on brucellosis and y. enterocolit ... | 2012 | 23240071 |
| genome-wide analysis of the pho regulon in a pstca mutant of citrobacter rodentium. | the phosphate-specific transport operon, pstscab-phou, of gram-negative bacteria is an essential part of the pho regulon. its key roles are to encode a high-affinity inorganic phosphate transport system and to prevent activation of phob in phosphate-rich environments. in general, mutations in pstscab-phou lead to the constitutive expression of the pho regulon. previously, we constructed a pstca deletion mutant of citrobacter rodentium and found it to be attenuated for virulence in mice, its natu ... | 2012 | 23226353 |
| comparison of cytokine immune responses to brucella abortus and yersinia enterocolitica serotype o:9 infections in balb/c mice. | brucella abortus and yersinia enterocolitica serotype o:9 serologically cross-react in the immune response with the host; therefore, our aim was to compare the immune responses to these two pathogens. we selected typical b. abortus and y. enterocolitica o:9 strains to study the cytokine immune response and the histopathological changes in livers and spleens of balb/c mice. the data showed the cytokine responses to the two strains of pathogens were different, where the average levels of granulocy ... | 2013 | 24042115 |
| limitations of the bp26 protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of brucellosis. | brucellosis is a serious zoonosis that occurs worldwide, and its diagnosis is typically based on the detection of antibodies against brucella lipopolysaccharide (lps). however, the specificity of the lps-based test is compromised by cross-reactivity with escherichia coli o157:h7 and yersinia enterocolitica o:9. also, diagnosis based on the lps test cannot differentiate between vaccinated and infected individuals. the detection of the 26-kda cytosoluble protein (bp26) antibody is considered an al ... | 2013 | 23863503 |
| fast and sensitive detection of enteropathogenic yersinia by immunoassays. | yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis, the two yersinia species that are enteropathogenic for humans, are distributed worldwide and frequently cause diarrhea in inhabitants of temperate and cold countries. y. enterocolitica is a major cause of foodborne disease resulting from consumption of contaminated pork meat and is further associated with substantial economic cost. however, investigation of enteropathogenic yersinia species is infrequently performed routinely in clinical l ... | 2014 | 25355759 |
| a protein-conjugate approach to develop a monoclonal antibody-based antigen detection test for the diagnosis of human brucellosis. | human brucellosis is most commonly diagnosed by serology based on agglutination of fixed brucella abortus as antigen. nucleic acid amplification techniques have not proven capable of reproducibly and sensitively demonstrating the presence of brucella dna in clinical specimens. we sought to optimize a monoclonal antibody-based assay to detect brucella melitensis lipopolysaccharide in blood by conjugating b. melitensis lps to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, an immunogenic protein carrier to maximize ig ... | 2014 | 24901521 |
| immunoproteomic identification of immunodominant antigens independent of the time of infection in brucella abortus 2308-challenged cattle. | brucellosis is a vital zoonotic disease caused by brucella, which infects a wide range of animals and humans. accurate diagnosis and reliable vaccination can control brucellosis in domestic animals. this study examined novel immunogenic proteins that can be used to detect brucella abortus infection or as an effective subcellular vaccine. in an immunoproteomic assay, 55 immunodominant proteins from b. abortus 544 were observed using two dimensional electrophoresis (2de) and immunoblot profiles wi ... | 2015 | 25885057 |
| n-formyl-perosamine surface homopolysaccharides hinder the recognition of brucella abortus by mouse neutrophils. | brucella abortus is an intracellular pathogen of monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and placental trophoblasts. this bacterium causes a chronic disease in bovines and in humans. in these hosts, the bacterium also invades neutrophils; however, it fails to replicate and just resists the killing action of these leukocytes without inducing significant activation or neutrophilia. moreover, b. abortus causes the premature cell death of human neutrophils. in the murine model, the bacterium is fou ... | 2016 | 27001541 |
| serological and molecular investigation for brucellosis in swine in selected districts of uganda. | brucellosis is a notifiable zoonotic disease affecting livestock, humans, and wildlife in uganda. pigs can be infected with human pathogenic brucella suis biovars 1 and 3 and can be a significant source of brucellosis for humans. uganda has a rapidly growing pig population, and the pork consumption per capita is the highest in east africa. the objective of this work was to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in ugandan pigs. a cross-sectional serosurvey of pigs was conducted in three of ... | 2016 | 27142028 |
| utility of serological tests in the era of molecular testing for diagnosis of human brucellosis in endemic area with limited resources. | the culture has always been the gold standard test for diagnosis of human brucellosis but the conventional brucella diagnostic tests viz. serology and culture are often beset with poor specificity & sensitivity respectively. the culture positivity rates for brucella vary from 92% for bone marrow to 10% for non-blood samples and also dependent on the type of sample. the primary immune-determinant for brucella species is the cell wall surface lipopolysaccharide, which is antigenically similar to o ... | 2016 | 27042465 |
| n-glycosylation improves the pepsin resistance of histidine acid phosphatase phytases by enhancing their stability at acidic phs and reducing pepsin's accessibility to its cleavage sites. | n-glycosylation can modulate enzyme structure and function. in this study, we identified two pepsin-resistant histidine acid phosphatase (hap) phytases from yersinia kristensenii (ykappa) and yersinia rohdei (yrappa), each having an n-glycosylation motif, and one pepsin-sensitive hap phytase from yersinia enterocolitica (yeappa) that lacked an n-glycosylation site. site-directed mutagenesis was employed to construct mutants by altering the n-glycosylation status of each enzyme, and the mutant an ... | 2016 | 26637601 |
| cold shock proteins: a minireview with special emphasis on csp-family of enteropathogenic yersinia. | bacteria have evolved a number of mechanisms for coping with stress and adapting to changing environmental conditions. many bacteria produce small cold shock proteins (csp) as a response to rapid temperature downshift (cold shock). during cold shock, the cell membrane fluidity and enzyme activity decrease, and the efficiency of transcription and translation is reduced due to stabilization of nucleic acid secondary structures. moreover, protein folding is inefficient and ribosome function is hamp ... | 2016 | 27499753 |
| translational regulation of yersinia enterocolitica mrna encoding a type iii secretion substrate. | yersinia enterocolitica type iii secretion machines transport yopq and other yop effectors into host immune cells. yopd and its chaperone lcrh are essential components of the yersinia type iii pathway, enabling effector translocation into host cells. yopd, lcrh, and yscm1 also regulate yop expression post-transcriptionally in response to environmental signals; however, the molecular mechanisms for this regulation and yop secretion are unknown. we show here that yopd associates with 30 s ribosoma ... | 2013 | 24158443 |
| antimicrobial efficacy and phytochemical analysis of indigofera trita linn. | an in vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of various extracts of indigofera trita l. viz. petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol and aqueous extracts were carried out. a total of 21 microorganisms (19 bacteria and 2 fungal strains) were used for antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method and a standard procedure was used to identify the phytochemical constituents. petroleum ether extract showed moderate inhibitory activity against staphylococcus aureus (14.40 mm), ... | 2013 | 24146483 |
| identification and molecular characterization of ysal (ye3555): a novel negative regulator of ysan atpase in type three secretion system of enteropathogenic bacteria yersinia enterocolitica. | type three secretion (t3s) atpases are involved in delivery of virulent factors from bacteria to their hosts (through injectisome) in an energy (atp) dependent manner during pathogenesis. the activities of these atpases are tightly controlled by their specific regulators. in yersinia enterocolitica, ysan was predicted as a putative atpase of the ysa-ysp type three secretion system (t3ss) based on sequence similarity with other t3s atpases. however detailed study and characterization of ysan and ... | 2013 | 24124464 |
| antibacterial activity of cinnamaldehyde and clove oil: effect on selected foodborne pathogens in model food systems and watermelon juice. | natural additives for the control of microbial growth are in demand because consumers prefer them over synthetic ones. in the present investigation, the antibacterial activity of two natural preservatives, cinnamaldeyde and clove oil alone or in combinations was studied, and their potential as food preservative in model food systems and watermelon juice was evaluated. the cinnamaldehyde and clove essential oil showed minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) at or below 5000 mg/l, and fractional in ... | 2014 | 26344998 |
| antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose film-forming hydrosols hydrolyzed by cellulase. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of cellulase (c) on the biological activity of chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (ch/hpmc) film-forming hydrosols. the hydrolytic activity of cellulase in two concentrations (0.05% and 0.1%) was verified by determination of the progress of polysaccharide hydrolysis, based on viscosity measurement and reducing sugar-ends assay. the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) free radical scavenging effect, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (frap) ... | 2016 | 27608008 |
| dtdp-rhamnosyl transferase rfbf, is a newfound receptor-related regulatory protein for phage phiye-f10 specific for yersinia enterocolitica serotype o:3. | bacteriophages and their hosts are continuously engaged in evolutionary competition. here we isolated a lytic phage phiye-f10 specific for yersinia enterocolitica serotype o:3. we firstly described the phage receptor was regulated by dtdp-rhamnosyl transferase rfbf, encoded within the rfb cluster that was responsible for the biosynthesis of the o antigens. the deletion of dtdp-rhamnosyl transferase rfbf of wild type o:3 strain caused failure in phiye-f10 adsorption; however, the mutation strain ... | 2016 | 26965493 |
| composition, formation, and regulation of the cytosolic c-ring, a dynamic component of the type iii secretion injectisome. | many gram-negative pathogens employ a type iii secretion injectisome to translocate effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells. while the structure of the distal "needle complex" is well documented, the composition and role of the functionally important cytosolic complex remain less well understood. using functional fluorescent fusions, we found that the c-ring, an essential and conserved cytosolic component of the system, is composed of ~22 copies of sctq (yscq in yersinia enterocolitica), wh ... | 2015 | 25591178 |
| inhibitory activity of monoacylglycerols on biofilm formation in aeromonas hydrophila, streptococcus mutans, xanthomonas oryzae, and yersinia enterocolitica. | biofilm provides a bacterial hiding place by forming a physical barrier and causing physiological changes in cells. the elimination of biofilm is the main goal of hygiene. chemicals that are inhibitory to biofilm formation have been developed for use in food, personal hygiene products, and medical instruments. monoacylglycerols are recognized as safe and are used in food as emulsifiers. in this study, the inhibitory activity of monoacylglycerols on bacterial biofilm formation was evaluated syste ... | 2016 | 27652099 |
| are there acyl-homoserine lactones within mammalian intestines? | many proteobacteria are capable of quorum sensing using n-acyl-homoserine lactone (acyl-hsl) signaling molecules that are synthesized by luxi or luxm homologs and detected by transcription factors of the luxr family. most quorum-sensing species have at least one luxr and one luxi homolog. however, members of the escherichia, salmonella, klebsiella, and enterobacter genera possess only a single luxr homolog, sdia, and no acyl-hsl synthase. the most obvious hypothesis is that these organisms are e ... | 2013 | 23144246 |
| multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica in china. | the predominant bioserotypes of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica in china are 2/o: 9 and 3/o: 3; no pathogenic o: 8 strains have been found to date. multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (mlva) based on seven loci was able to distinguish 104 genotypes among 218 pathogenic y. enterocolitica isolates in china and from abroad, showing a high resolution. the major pathogenic serogroups in china, o: 3 and o: 9, were divided into two clusters based on mlva genotyping. the different d ... | 2012 | 22615971 |
| yopj-induced caspase-1 activation in yersinia-infected macrophages: independent of apoptosis, linked to necrosis, dispensable for innate host defense. | yersinia outer protein j (yopj) is a type iii secretion system (t3ss) effector of pathogenic yersinia (yersinia pestis, yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis) that is secreted into host cells. yopj inhibits survival response pathways in macrophages, causing cell death. allelic variation of yopj is responsible for differential cytotoxicity in yersinia strains. yopj isoforms in y. enterocolitica o:8 (yopp) and y. pestis kim (yopj(kim)) strains have high cytotoxic activity. in add ... | 2012 | 22563435 |
| behavior of yersinia enterocolitica in the presence of the bacterivorous acanthamoeba castellanii. | free-living protozoa play an important role in the ecology and epidemiology of human-pathogenic bacteria. in the present study, the interaction between yersinia enterocolitica, an important food-borne pathogen, and the free-living amoeba acanthamoeba castellanii was studied. several cocultivation assays were set up to assess the resistance of y. enterocolitica to a. castellanii predation and the impact of environmental factors and bacterial strain-specific characteristics. results showed that al ... | 2013 | 23934496 |
| csra impacts survival of yersinia enterocolitica by affecting a myriad of physiological activities. | a previous study identified a yersinia enterocolitica transposon mutant, gy448, that was unable to export the flagellar type three secretion system (t3ss)-dependent phospholipase, ypla. this strain was also deficient for motility and unable to form colonies on lauria-bertani agar medium. preliminary analysis suggested it carried a mutation in csra. csra in escherichia coli is an rna-binding protein that is involved in specific post-transcriptional regulation of a myriad of physiological activiti ... | 2015 | 25885058 |
| flagellin-induced nlrc4 phosphorylation primes the inflammasome for activation by naip5. | the nlrc4 inflammasome contributes to immunity against intracellular pathogens that express flagellin and type iii secretion systems, and activating mutations in nlrc4 cause autoinflammation in patients. both naip5 and phosphorylation of nlrc4 at ser533 are required for flagellin-induced inflammasome activation, but how these events converge upon inflammasome activation is not known. here, we showed that nlrc4 phosphorylation occurs independently of naip5 detection of flagellin because naip5 del ... | 2015 | 25605939 |
| yersinia infection tools-characterization of structure and function of adhesins. | among the seventeen species of the gram-negative genus yersinia, three have been shown to be virulent and pathogenic to humans and animals-y. enterocolitica, y. pseudotuberculosis, and y. pestis. in order to be so, they are armoured with various factors that help them adhere to tissues and organelles, cross the cellular barrier and escape the immune system during host invasion. the group of proteins that mediate pathogen-host interactions constitute adhesins. invasin, ail, yada, yadb, yadc, pla, ... | 2012 | 23316485 |
| ataa, a new member of the trimeric autotransporter adhesins from acinetobacter sp. tol 5 mediating high adhesiveness to various abiotic surfaces. | acinetobacter sp. tol 5 exhibits an autoagglutinating nature and noteworthy adhesiveness to various abiotic surfaces from hydrophobic plastics to hydrophilic glass and stainless steel. although previous studies have suggested that bacterionanofibers on tol 5 cells are involved in the adhesive phenotype of tol 5, the fiber that directly mediates tol 5 adhesion has remained unknown. here, we present a new member of trimeric autotransporter adhesins designated ataa, which we discovered by analyzing ... | 2012 | 23155410 |
| phage shock protein c (pspc) of yersinia enterocolitica is a polytopic membrane protein with implications for regulation of the psp stress response. | phage shock proteins b (pspb) and c (pspc) are integral cytoplasmic membrane proteins involved in inducing the yersinia enterocolitica psp stress response. a fundamental aspect of these proteins that has not been studied in depth is their membrane topologies. various in silico analyses universally predict that pspb is a bitopic membrane protein with the c terminus inside. however, similar analyses yield conflicting predictions for pspc: a bitopic membrane protein with the c terminus inside, a bi ... | 2012 | 23024349 |
| two structures of a thiazolinyl imine reductase from yersinia enterocolitica provide insight into catalysis and binding to the nonribosomal peptide synthetase module of hmwp1. | the thiazolinyl imine reductase from yersinia enterocolitica (irp3) catalyzes the nadph-dependent reduction of a thiazoline ring in an intermediate for the formation of the siderophore yersiniabactin. two structures of irp3 were determined in the apo (1.85 å) and nadp(+)-bound (2.31 å) forms. irp3 is structurally homologous to sugar oxidoreductases such as glucose-fructose oxidoreductase and 1,5-anhydro-d-fructose reductase, as well as to biliverdin reductase. a homology model of the thiazolinyl ... | 2012 | 23066849 |
| identification of novel type iii secretion chaperone-substrate complexes of chlamydia trachomatis. | chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen of humans that uses a type iii secretion (t3s) system to manipulate host cells through the delivery of effector proteins into their cytosol and membranes. the function of t3s systems depends on small bacterial cytosolic chaperone-like proteins, which bind t3s substrates and ensure their appropriate secretion. to find novel t3s chaperone-substrate complexes of c. trachomatis we first searched its genome for genes encoding prote ... | 2013 | 23431368 |
| a bacterial type iii secretion-based protein delivery tool for broad applications in cell biology. | methods enabling the delivery of proteins into eukaryotic cells are essential to address protein functions. here we propose broad applications to cell biology for a protein delivery tool based on bacterial type iii secretion (t3s). we show that bacterial, viral, and human proteins, fused to the n-terminal fragment of the yersinia enterocolitica t3s substrate yope, are effectively delivered into target cells in a fast and controllable manner via the injectisome of extracellular bacteria. this met ... | 2015 | 26598622 |
| transcriptomic analysis of yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1b infecting murine macrophages reveals new mechanisms of extracellular and intracellular survival. | yersinia enterocolitica is typically considered an extracellular pathogen; however, during the course of an infection, a significant number of bacteria are stably maintained within host cell vacuoles. little is known about this population and the role it plays during an infection. to address this question and to elucidate the spatially and temporally dynamic gene expression patterns of y. enterocolitica biovar 1b through the course of an in vitro infection, transcriptome sequencing and different ... | 2015 | 25895974 |
| the ysrs paralog dygs has the capacity to activate expression of the yersinia enterocolitica ysa type iii secretion system. | the yersinia enterocolitica ysa type iii secretion system (t3ss) is associated with intracellular survival, and, like other characterized t3sss, it is tightly controlled. expression of the ysa genes is only detected following growth at low temperatures (26°c) and in high concentrations of sodium chloride (290 mm) in the medium. the ysrstr phosphorelay (pr) system is required for ysa expression and likely responds to nacl. during our investigations into the ysr pr system, we discovered that genes ... | 2016 | 27044629 |
| multicenter evaluation of the biofire filmarray gastrointestinal panel for etiologic diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis. | the appropriate treatment and control of infectious gastroenteritis depend on the ability to rapidly detect the wide range of etiologic agents associated with the disease. clinical laboratories currently utilize an array of different methodologies to test for bacterial, parasitic, and viral causes of gastroenteritis, a strategy that suffers from poor sensitivity, potentially long turnaround times, and complicated ordering practices and workflows. additionally, there are limited or no testing met ... | 2015 | 25588652 |
| evaluation of a single procedure allowing the isolation of enteropathogenic yersinia along with other bacterial enteropathogens from human stools. | enteropathogenic yersinia are among the most frequent agents of human diarrhea in temperate and cold countries. however, the incidence of yersiniosis is largely underestimated because of the peculiar growth characteristics of pathogenic yersinia, which make their isolation from poly-contaminated samples difficult. the use of specific procedures for yersinia isolation is required, but is expensive and time consuming, and therefore is not systematically performed in clinical pathology laboratories ... | 2012 | 22911756 |
| a rapid subtractive immunization method to prepare discriminatory monoclonal antibodies for food e. coli o157:h7 contamination. | to detect food e. coli o157:h7 contamination rapidly and accurately, it is essential to prepare high specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the pathogen. cyclophosphamide (cy)-mediated subtractive immunization strategy was performed in mice to generate mabs that react with e. coli o157:h7, but not with other affiliated bacteria. specificity of 19 mabs was evaluated by elisa and/or dot-immunogold filtration assay (digfa). immunogloubin typing, affinity and binding antigens of 5 selected ma ... | 2012 | 22347466 |
| three yersinia enterocolitica ampd homologs participate in the multi-step regulation of chromosomal cephalosporinase, ampc. | in many gram negative bacilli, ampd plays a key role in both cell well-recycling pathway and β-lactamase regulation, inactivation of the ampd causes the accumulation of 1,6-anhydromuropeptides, and results in the ampc overproduction. in yersinia enterocolitica, the regulation of ampc expression may also rely on the ampr-ampc system, the role of ampd in this species is still unknown. in this study, three ampd homologs (ampd1, ampd2, and ampd3) have been identified in complete sequence of strain y ... | 2016 | 27588018 |
| characterization of five podoviridae phages infecting citrobacter freundii. | citrobacter freundii causes opportunistic infections in humans and animals, which are becoming difficult to treat due to increased antibiotic resistance. the aim of this study was to explore phages as potential antimicrobial agents against this opportunistic pathogen. we isolated and characterized five new virulent phages, sh1, sh2, sh3, sh4, and sh5 from sewage samples in tunisia. morphological and genomic analyses revealed that the five c. freundii phages belong to the caudovirales order, podo ... | 2016 | 27446058 |
| the acyl-homoserine lactone synthase yeni from yersinia enterocolitica modulates virulence gene expression in enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7. | the human pathogen enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 colonizes the rectoanal junction (raj) in cattle, its natural reservoir. colonization at the raj poses a serious risk for fecal shedding and contamination of the environment. we previously demonstrated that ehec senses acyl-homoserine lactones (ahls) produced by the microbiota in the rumen to activate the gad acid resistance genes necessary for survival through the acidic stomachs in cattle and to repress the locus of enterocyt ... | 2013 | 23980115 |
| structure of a pectin methylesterase from yersinia enterocolitica. | pectin methylesterases (pmes) are family 8 carbohydrate esterases (ce8s) which remove the methyl group from methylesterified galacturonic acid (gala) residues within pectin. although the role of pectinases such as pmes within dedicated phytopathogens has been well established, the significance of homologous enzymes found within the genomes of human enteropathogens remains to be determined. presented here is the low-resolution (3.5 å) structure of the ce8 from yersinia enterocolitica (yece8). the ... | 2012 | 22297983 |
| tlr1-induced chemokine production is critical for mucosal immunity against yersinia enterocolitica. | our gastrointestinal tract is a portal of entry for a number of bacteria and viruses. thus, this tissue must develop ways to induce antigen-specific t cell and antibody responses quickly. intestinal epithelial cells are a central player in barrier function and also in communicating signals from invading pathogens to the underlying immune tissue. here we demonstrate that activation of toll-like receptor 1 (tlr1) in the epithelium leads to the upregulation of the chemokine ccl20 during oral infect ... | 2013 | 23443468 |
| yersinia enterocolitica isolates from wild boars hunted in lower saxony, germany. | yersiniosis is strongly associated with the consumption of pork contaminated with enteropathogenic yersinia enterocolitica, which is harbored by domestic pigs without showing clinical signs of disease. in contrast to data on y. enterocolitica isolated from conventionally reared swine, investigations into the occurrence of y. enterocolitica in wild boars in germany are rare. the objectives of the study were to get knowledge about these bacteria and their occurrence in wild boars hunted in norther ... | 2015 | 25956779 |
| prevalence of yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis in wild boars in the basque country, northern spain. | yersiniosis is a zoonosis widely distributed in europe and swine carry different serotypes of yersinia enterocolitica and y. pseudotuberculosis. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of y. enterocolitica and y. pseudotuberculosis in wild boars in northern spain. the blood of wild boars (n = 505) was sampled between 2001 and 2012. seroprevalence was determined in 490 serum samples with an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. seventy-two of the animals were also examined for ... | 2016 | 26790625 |
| phage shock proteins b and c prevent lethal cytoplasmic membrane permeability in yersinia enterocolitica. | the bacterial phage shock protein (psp) stress response system is activated by events affecting the cytoplasmic membrane. in response, psp protein levels increase, including pspa, which has been implicated as the master effector of stress tolerance. yersinia enterocolitica and related bacteria with a defective psp system are highly sensitive to the mislocalization of pore-forming secretin proteins. however, why secretins are toxic to psp null strains, whereas some other psp inducers are not, has ... | 2012 | 22646656 |
| recent findings about the yersinia enterocolitica phage shock protein response. | the phage shock protein (psp) system is a conserved extracytoplasmic stress response in bacteria that is essential for virulence of the human pathogen yersinia enterocolitica. this article summarizes some recent findings about y. enterocolitica psp system function. increased psp gene expression requires the transcription factor pspf, but under non-inducing conditions pspf is inhibited by an interaction with another protein, pspa, in the cytoplasm. a psp-inducing stimulus causes pspa to relocate ... | 2012 | 22367931 |
| identification of ysap, the pilotin of the yersinia enterocolitica ysa type iii secretion system. | secretins are multimeric outer membrane pore-forming proteins found in complex export systems in gram-negative bacteria. all type iii secretion systems (t3sss) have a secretin, and one of these is the ysac secretin of the chromosomally encoded ysa t3ss of yersinia enterocolitica. in some cases, pilotin proteins, which are outer membrane lipoproteins, are required for their cognate secretins to multimerize and/or localize to the outer membrane. however, if secretin multimers mislocalize to the in ... | 2015 | 26078446 |
| structural variabilities in β-lactamase (blaa) of different biovars of yersinia enterocolitica: implications for β-lactam antibiotic and β-lactamase inhibitor susceptibilities. | yersiniosis caused by yersinia enterocolitica has been reported from all continents. the bacterial species is divided into more than fifty serovars and six biovars viz. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4 and 5 which differ in geographical distribution, ecological niches and pathogenicity. most y.enterocolitica strains harbor chromosomal genes for two β-lactamases, blaa an ambler class a penicillinase and blab an ambler class c inducible cephalosporinase. in the present study, susceptibility to b-lactam antibiotics ... | 2015 | 25919756 |
| assessment of the microbiological quality of fresh produce on sale in sicily, italy: preliminary results. | fresh produce occupies an increasingly important place in the human food supply because of its health-promoting nutritional properties. most fresh produce is eaten raw or after minimal processing and, consequently, pathogen contamination can represent a serious health risk. there has been an increase in foodborne outbreaks and cases associated with fresh produce, but literature data about the prevalence of pathogen contamination are inconsistent. this study was undertaken to assess the hygienic ... | 2015 | 25984508 |
| the expanding role of type ii secretion in bacterial pathogenesis and beyond. | type ii secretion (t2s) is one means by which gram-negative pathogens secrete proteins into the extracellular milieu and/or host organisms. based upon recent genome sequencing, it is clear that t2s is largely restricted to the proteobacteria, occurring in many, but not all genera in the α-, β-, γ-, and δ- classes. prominent human and/or animal pathogens that express a t2s system(s) include acinetobacter baumannii, burkholderia pseudomallei, chlamydia trachomatis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pne ... | 2017 | 28264910 |
| antimicrobial efficacy and safety of mucoadhesive exopolymer produced by acinetobacter haemolyticus. | this study evaluated five extracellular polymers of bacterial origin possessing mucoadhesive properties for their antimicrobial properties and toxicological characteristics. of the five tested mucoadhesive biopolymers, the extracellular polymer produced by a strain of acinetobacter haemolyticus exhibited broad antimicrobial efficacy towards yersinia enterocolitica, salmonella typhimurium, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7 and bacillus subtilis. significant (p<0.05) inhibition of g ... | 2017 | 27720965 |
| aerobic bacterial microbiota isolated from the cloaca of the european pond turtle (emys orbicularis) in poland. | we conducted a comparative analysis of the aerobic cloacal bacteria of european pond turtles (emys orbicularis) living in their natural environment and juvenile turtles reared under controlled conditions in a breeding center. we included 130 turtles in the study. the aerobic bacteria isolated from the cloaca of the juvenile turtles were less diverse and more prevalent than the bacteria isolated from free-living adults. we isolated 17 bacterial species from juvenile captive turtles, among which t ... | 2015 | 25380369 |
| [monitoring and research on pathogen spectrum in patients with acute diarrhea from sentinel hospital of zhejiang province during 2009 to 2014]. | objective: to explore pathogen spectrum constitution of acute diarrhea in outpatient and emergency of zhejiang province, and provide basis for treatment, prevention and control of the disease. methods: during january 2009 to december 2014, we selected seven sentinel hospitals in different regions of zhejiang, monitored and researched on pathogen spectrum in patients with acute diarrhea from outpatient and emergency. we recorded patients' personal basic information, the main symptoms and signs, a ... | 2016 | 28057113 |
| antimicrobial impacts of essential oils on food borne-pathogens. | the antimicrobial activity of twelve essential oil (pine oil, eucalyptus, thyme, sage tea, lavender, orange, laurel, lemon, myrtle, lemon, rosemary and juniper) was tested by a disc diffusion method against food borne pathogens (escherichia coli, salmonella paratyphi a, klebsiella pneumoniae, yersinia enterocolitica, pseudomonas aeruginosa, aeromonas hydrophila, campylobacter jejuni, enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus). the major components in essential oils were monoterpenes hydrocarb ... | 2015 | 26072990 |
| sanitizing effect of ethanol against biofilms formed by three gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. | sanitizing effect of ethanol on a yersinia enterocolitica biofilm was evaluated in terms of biomass removal and bactericidal activity. we found that 40 % ethanol was most effective for biofilm biomass removal; however, no significant difference was observed in bactericidal activity between treatment with 40 and 70 % ethanol. this unexpected low ethanol concentration requirement for biomass removal was confirmed using biofilms of two additional pathogenic bacteria, aeromonas hydrophila and xantho ... | 2015 | 25941023 |
| efficacy of ultraviolet (uv-c) light in a thin-film turbulent flow for the reduction of milkborne pathogens. | nonthermal technologies are being investigated as viable alternatives to, or supplemental utilization, with thermal pasteurization in the food-processing industry. in this study, the effect of ultraviolet (uv)-c light on the inactivation of seven milkborne pathogens (listeria monocytogenes, serratia marcescens, salmonella senftenberg, yersinia enterocolitica, aeromonas hydrophila, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus aureus) was evaluated. the pathogens were suspended in ultra-high-temperature w ... | 2015 | 25884367 |