| in vitro antibacterial and antitumor activities of some medicinal plant extracts, growing in turkey. | to investigate antibacterial and antitumor activities of 51 different extracts prepared with 3 types of solvents (water, ethanol and methanol) of 16 different plant species (ajuga reptans (a. reptans) l., phlomis pungens (p. pungens) willd., marrubium astracanicum (m. astracanicum) jacq., nepeta nuda (n. nuda) l., stachys annua (s. annua) l., genista lydia (g. lydia) boiss., nuphar lutea (n. lutea) l., nymphaea alba (n. alba) l., vinca minor (v. minor) l., stellaria media (s. media) l., capsella ... | 2013 | 23790332 |
| [infective endocarditis by rhizobium radiobacter. a case report]. | rhizobium radiobacter is a gram-negative, nitrogen-fixing bacterium, which is found mainly on the ground. it rarely causes infections in humans. it has been associated with bacteremia, secondary to colonization of intravascular catheters, in immunocompromised patients. the aim of this paper was to report the case of an infective endocarditis caused by r. radiobacter, in a 47-year-old male, diagnosed with chronic kidney disease stage 5, on replacement therapy with hemodialysis and who attended th ... | 2013 | 23781714 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of salix matsudana koidz. using mature seeds. | an agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method was developed for salix matsudana koidz. using mature seeds as starting material. multiple shoots were induced directly from embryonic shoot apices of germinating seeds. although thidiazuron, 6-benzylaminopurine and zeatin induced multiple shoot induction with high frequency, zeatin (4.5 μm) was more effective for elongation of shoots and roots. the binary vector pcambia1303, which contained neomycin phosphotransferase as a selectable m ... | 2013 | 23771952 |
| efficient auto-excision of a selectable marker gene from transgenic citrus by combining the cre/loxp system and ipt selection. | a highly efficient cre-mediated deletion system, offering a good alternative for producing marker-free transgenic plants that will relieve public concerns regarding gmos, was first developed in citrus. the presence of marker genes in genetically modified crops raises public concerns regarding their safety. the removal of marker genes can prevent the risk of their flow into the environment and hasten the public's acceptance of transgenic products. in this study, a new construct based on the cre/l ... | 2013 | 23771575 |
| variable internal flexibility characterizes the helical capsid formed by agrobacterium vire2 protein on single-stranded dna. | agrobacterium is known for gene transfer to plants. in addition to a linear ssdna oligonucleotide, agrobacterium tumefaciens secretes an abundant ssdna-binding effector, vire2. in many ways vire2 adapts the conjugation mechanism to transform the eukaryotic host. the crystal structure of vire2 shows two compact domains joined by a flexible linker. bound to ssdna, vire2 forms an ordered solenoidal shell, or capsid known as the t-complex. here, we present a three-dimensional reconstruction of the v ... | 2013 | 23769668 |
| novel rhizobium lineages isolated from root nodules of the common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) in andean and mesoamerican areas. | the taxonomic affiliations of nineteen root-nodule bacteria isolated from the common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) in mexico, ecuador and brazil were investigated by analyses of 16s rrna and of four protein-coding housekeeping genes. one strain from mexico could be assigned to rhizobium etli and two from brazil to rhizobium leucaenae, whereas another from mexico corresponded to a recently described bean-nodulating species-level lineage related to r. etli and rhizobium phaseoli. ten strains isolat ... | 2013 | 23764913 |
| impact of cagpai and t4ss on the inflammatory response of human neutrophils to helicobacter pylori infection. | helicobacter pylori contains a pathogenicity island, cagpai, with genes homologous to components of the type iv secretion system (t4ss) of agrobacterium tumefaciens. the t4ss components assemble a structure that transfers caga protein and peptidoglycan into host epithelial cells, causing the increased release of interleukin 8 (il8) from the cells. the toll-like receptors on neutrophils recognize h. pylori, initiating signaling pathways that enhance the activation of nf-κb. however, the roles of ... | 2014 | 23755130 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated in planta seed transformation strategy in sugarcane. | an efficient, reproducible and genotype-independent in planta transformation has been standardized for sugarcane using seed as explant. transgenic sugarcane production through agrobacterium infection followed by in vitro regeneration is a time-consuming process and highly genotype dependent. to obtain more number of transformed sugarcane plants in a relatively short duration, sugarcane seeds were infected with agrobacterium tumefaciens eha 105 harboring pcambia 1304-bar and transformed plants we ... | 2013 | 23749098 |
| overexpression of the glutamine synthetase gene modulates oxidative stress response in rice after exposure to cadmium stress. | overexpression of osgs gene modulates oxidative stress response in rice after exposure to cadmium stress. our results describe the features of transformants with enhanced tolerance to cd and abiotic stresses. glutamine synthetase (gs) (ec 6.3.1.2) is an enzyme that plays an essential role in the metabolism of nitrogen by catalyzing the condensation of glutamate and ammonia to form glutamine. exposure of plants to cadmium (cd) has been reported to decrease gs activity in maize, pea, bean, and ric ... | 2013 | 23743654 |
| n-acylhomoserine lactone-degrading bacteria isolated from hatchery bivalve larval cultures. | quorum sensing (qs) systems, which depend on n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) signal molecules, mediate the production of virulence factors in many pathogenic microorganisms. one hundred and forty-six bacterial strains, isolated from a bivalve hatchery, were screened for their capacity to degrade five synthetic ahls [n-butyryl-dl-homoserine lactone (c4-hsl), n-hexanoyl-dl-homoserine lactone (c6-hsl), n-octanoyl-dl-homoserine lactone (c8-hsl), n-decanoyl-dl-homoserine lactone (c10-hsl) and n-dodeca ... | 2013 | 23743010 |
| the helicobacter pylori protein cagm is located in the transmembrane channel that is required for caga translocation. | helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) is a human gastric pathogen that colonizes the stomach in more than 50 % of the world's human population. infection with this bacterium can induce several gastric diseases ranging from gastritis to peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. virulent h. pylori isolates harboring the cag pathogenicity island (cag pai), which encodes a type iv secretion system (t4ss), form a pilus for the injection of its major virulence protein caga into gastric cells. several cag pai genes h ... | 2013 | 23736225 |
| botrytis cinerea chitin synthase bcchsvi is required for normal growth and pathogenicity. | fungal chitin synthase of classes v and vi (or vii), which contain an additional n-terminal myosin motor domain, have been shown to play important roles in pathogenesis. to study the function of bcchsvi in botrytis cinerea, bcchs6 gene was disrupted through agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. the bcchs6 disruption mutant exhibited a 45.5 % increasing in its chitin content when compared with wild strain. the qrt-pcr analysis revealed that in bcchs6 mutant the expression of bcchs6 w ... | 2013 | 23722656 |
| l-glutamine and l-glutamic acid facilitate successful agrobacterium infection of recalcitrant tea cultivars. | the first step in agrobacterium tumefaciens infection of plants is the establishment of cell-cell contact between the two partners. however, failure to establish such contact makes many plants and explants recalcitrant to a. tumefaciens infection. tea is one such example where even the popular inducer, acetosyringone failed to facilitate a. tumefaciens infection due to the presence of high amounts of bactericidal/bacteriostatic polyphenols. quinones are formed as a result of polyphenols oxidatio ... | 2013 | 23712792 |
| in planta fitness-cost of the atu4232-regulon encoding for a selective gaba-binding sensor in agrobacterium. | gaba (gamma-aminobutyric acid) mediates cell-to-cell communication in eukaryotes and interspecies communication in host-microbe interactions. agrobacterium tumefaciens induces the development of plant tumor in which gaba accumulates. two periplasmic binding proteins atu2422 and atu4243 and their appropriate abc-transporter are involved in the binding and importation of gaba. the structure of the selective gaba-binding atu4243 reveals a gaba conformation similar to a proposed model of gaba bound ... | 2013 | 23710277 |
| investigation of the fusarium virguliforme fvtox1 mutants revealed that the fvtox1 toxin is involved in foliar sudden death syndrome development in soybean. | the soil borne fungus, fusarium virguliforme, causes sudden death syndrome (sds) in soybean, which is a serious foliar and root rot disease. the pathogen has never been isolated from the diseased foliar tissues; phytotoxins produced by the pathogen are believed to cause foliar sds symptoms. one of these toxins, a 13.5-kda acidic protein named fvtox1, has been hypothesized to interfere with photosynthesis in infected soybean plants and cause foliar sds. the objective of this study is to determine ... | 2013 | 23702608 |
| implantable vascular access port-associated bloodstream infection caused by rhizobium radiobacter: a case report. | rhizobium radiobacter is an uncommon opportunistic pathogen present in soil. it has been particularly associated with indwelling intravascular devices in immunocompromised patients. reported herein is a case of r. radiobacter bloodstream infection associated with an implantable vascular access port, which was easily controlled with antimicrobial treatment and did not require removal of the intravascular device, in a child diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. also included is a review of ... | 2013 | 23692845 |
| a flexible c-terminal linker is required for proper ftsz assembly in vitro and cytokinetic ring formation in vivo. | assembly of the cytoskeletal protein ftsz into a ring-like structure is required for bacterial cell division. structurally, ftsz consists of four domains: the globular n-terminal core, a flexible linker, 8-9 conserved residues implicated in interactions with modulatory proteins, and a highly variable set of 4-10 residues at its very c terminus. largely ignored and distinguished by lack of primary sequence conservation, the linker is presumed to be intrinsically disordered. here we employ genetic ... | 2013 | 23692518 |
| rhizobium radiobacter peritonitis revisited: catheter removal is not mandatory. | | 2015 | 23660610 |
| fast induction of biosynthetic polysaccharide genes lpxa, lpxe, and rkpi of rhizobium sp. strain prf 81 by common bean seed exudates is indicative of a key role in symbiosis. | rhizobial surface polysaccharides (sps) are, together with nodulation (nod) factors, recognized as key molecules for establishment of rhizobia-legume symbiosis. in rhizobium tropici, an important nitrogen-fixing symbiont of common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.), molecular structures and symbiotic roles of the sps are poorly understood. in this study, rhizobium sp. strain prf 81 genes, belonging to the r. tropici group, were investigated: lpxa and lpxe, involved in biosynthesis and modification of ... | 2013 | 23652766 |
| the methylation of the pcmyb10 promoter is associated with green-skinned sport in max red bartlett pear. | varieties of the european pear (pyrus communis) can produce trees with both red- and green-skinned fruits, such as the max red bartlett (mrb) variety, although little is known about the mechanism behind this differential pigmentation. in this study, we investigated the pigmentation of mrb and its green-skinned sport (mrb-g). the results suggest that a reduction in anthocyanin concentration causes the mrb-g sport. transcript levels of pcufgt (for udp-glucose:flavonoid 3-o-glucosyltransferase), th ... | 2013 | 23629835 |
| a putative transmembrane leucine zipper of agrobacterium virb10 is essential for t-pilus biogenesis but not type iv secretion. | the agrobacterium tumefaciens virb/vird4 type iv secretion system is composed of a translocation channel and an extracellular t pilus. bitopic virb10, the virb7 lipoprotein, and virb9 interact to form a cell envelope-spanning structural scaffold termed the "core complex" that is required for the assembly of both structures. the related pkm101-encoded core complex is composed of 14 copies each of these virb homologs, and the transmembrane (tm) α helices of virb10-like traf form a 55-å-diameter ri ... | 2013 | 23625845 |
| a rapid assay to quantify the cleavage efficiency of custom-designed nucleases in planta. | custom-designed nucleases are a promising technology for genome editing through the catalysis of double-strand dna breaks within target loci and subsequent repair by the host cell, which can result in targeted mutagenesis or gene replacement. implementing this new technology requires a rapid means to determine the cleavage efficiency of these custom-designed proteins in planta. here we present such an assay that is based on cleavage-dependent luciferase gene correction as part of a transient dua ... | 2013 | 23625357 |
| agroinoculation of a full-length cdna clone of cotton leafroll dwarf virus (clrdv) results in systemic infection in cotton and the model plant nicotiana benthamiana. | cotton blue disease is the most important viral disease of cotton in the southern part of south america. its etiological agent, cotton leafroll dwarf virus (clrdv), is specifically transmitted to host plants by the aphid vector (aphis gossypii) and any attempt to perform mechanical inoculations of this virus into its host has failed. this limitation has held back the study of this virus and the disease it causes. in this study, a full-length cdna of clrdv was constructed and expressed in vivo un ... | 2013 | 23623981 |
| chloroplast-targeted expression of the codon-optimized truncated cry1ah gene in transgenic tobacco confers a high level of protection against insects. | the study of insect-resistant transgenic tobacco provides a good foundation for the further application of the cry1ah gene in other important crops. to improve transgene expression levels and insect resistance, the coding sequence of the novel bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal gene cry1ah (truncated cry1ah) was modified according to the codon bias of the plant by increasing its gc content from the original 37 % to 48, 55, and 63 % (designated m1-cry1ah, m2-cry1ah, and m3-cry1ah, respectively). ... | 2013 | 23620344 |
| high expression of a neutral endo-β-glucanase gene from humicola insolens in trichoderma reesei. | the neutral endo-β-glucanase gene cel5a from humicola insolens was cloned and connected with the cellobiohydrolase 1 promoter from trichoderma reesei to construct a recombinant plasmid pcb-heg with the hygromycin b resistance marker. the plasmid was introduced into conidia of t. reesei using the agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation method. eight transformants were obtained on screening plates with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the sole carbon source. stable integration of the ce ... | 2013 | 23619969 |
| shape-dependent bactericidal activity of tio2 for the killing of gram-negative bacteria agrobacterium tumefaciens under uv torch irradiation. | this paper demonstrated the relative bactericidal activity of photoirradiated (6w-uv torch, λ > 340 nm and intensity = 0.64 mw/cm(2)) p25-tio2 nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanotubes for the killing of gram-negative bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens lba4404 for the first time. tio2 nanorod (anatase) with length of 70-100 nm and diameter of 10-12 nm, and tio2 nanotube with length of 90-110 nm and diameter of 9-11 nm were prepared from p-25 degussa tio2 (size, 30-50 nm) by hydrothermal method and ... | 2013 | 23608987 |
| booster responses by oral vaccination with transgenic plants against chicken leucocytozoonosis. | we developed a transgenic potato (trp/r7) expressing the recombinant r7 (rr7) antigen for use as an oral vaccine to protect against a chicken protozoan disease, chicken leucocytozoonosis. the trp/r7 potato was produced by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and regeneration, and the r7 gene insertion into potato chromosomes was confirmed by genomic polymerase chain reaction and southern hybridization. rr7 antigen expression in trp/r7 potato was also confirmed by sandwich enzyme-lin ... | 2013 | 23607580 |
| biodegradation of nicotine by a novel nicotine-degrading bacterium, pseudomonas plecoglossicida tnd35 and its new biotransformation intermediates. | tobacco wastes that contain nicotine alkaloids are harmful to human health and the environment. in the investigation, a novel nicotine-biodegrading bacterium tnd35 was isolated and identified as pseudomonas plecoglossicida on the basis of phenotypic, biochemical characteristics and 16s rrna sequence homology. we have studied the nicotine biodegradation potential of strain tnd35 by detecting the intermediate metabolites using an array of approaches such as hplc, gc-ms, nmr and ft-ir. biotransform ... | 2014 | 23604517 |
| identifying pathogenicity genes in the rubber tree anthracnose fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides through random insertional mutagenesis. | to gain more insight into the molecular mechanisms of colletotrichum gloeosporioides pathogenesis, agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) was used to identify mutants of c. gloeosporioides impaired in pathogenicity. an atmt library of 4128 c. gloeosporioides transformants was generated. transformants were screened for defects in pathogenicity with a detached copper brown leaf assay. 32 mutants showing reproducible pathogenicity defects were obtained. southern blot analysis show ... | 2013 | 23602122 |
| identification of a genomic region containing a novel promoter resistant to glucose repression and over-expression of β-glucosidase gene in hypocrea orientalis eu7-22. | a high concentration of glucose in the medium could greatly inhibit the expression of cellulase in filamentous fungi. the aspartic protease from fungus hypocrea orientalis eu7-22 could efficiently express under both induction condition and glucose repression condition. based on the sequence of structure gene of aspartic protease, the upstream sequence harboring the putative promoter proa for driving the expression of aspartic protease was obtained by genome walking. the upstream sequence contain ... | 2013 | 23594998 |
| effect of plant phenolic compounds on biofilm formation by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | in the natural environment, bacteria predominantly exist in matrix-enclosed multicellular communities associated with various surfaces, referred to as biofilms. bacteria in biofilms are extremely resistant to antibacterial agents thus causing serious problems for antimicrobial therapy. in this study, we showed that different plant phenolic compounds, at concentrations that did not or weakly suppressed bacterial growth, increased the capacity of pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 to form biofilms. biofi ... | 2013 | 23594262 |
| the tzs protein and exogenous cytokinin affect virulence gene expression and bacterial growth of agrobacterium tumefaciens. | the soil phytopathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens causes crown gall disease in a wide range of plant species. the neoplastic growth at the infection sites is caused by transferring, integrating, and expressing transfer dna (t-dna) from a. tumefaciens into plant cells. a trans-zeatin synthesizing (tzs) gene is located in the nopaline-type tumor-inducing plasmid and causes trans-zeatin production in a. tumefaciens. similar to known virulence (vir) proteins that are induced by the vir gene inducer a ... | 2013 | 23593941 |
| rapid and accurate species and genomic species identification and exhaustive population diversity assessment of agrobacterium spp. using reca-based pcr. | agrobacteria are common soil bacteria that interact with plants as commensals, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria or alternatively as pathogens. indigenous agrobacterial populations are composites, generally with several species and/or genomic species and several strains per species. we thus developed a reca-based pcr approach to accurately identify and specifically detect agrobacteria at various taxonomic levels. specific primers were designed for all species and/or genomic species of agrobac ... | 2013 | 23578959 |
| an experimentally tested scenario for the structural evolution of eukaryotic cys2his2 zinc fingers from eubacterial ros homologs. | the exact evolutionary origin of the zinc finger (zf) domain is unknown, as it is still not clear from which organisms it was first derived. however, the unique features of the zf domains have made it very easy for evolution to tinker with them in a number of different manners, including their combination, variation of their number by unequal crossing-over or tandem duplication and tuning of their affinity for specific dna sequence motifs through point substitutions. classical cys2his2 zf domain ... | 2013 | 23576569 |
| an active ac/ds transposon system for activation tagging in tomato cultivar m82 using clonal propagation. | tomato (solanum lycopersicum) is a model organism for solanaceae in both molecular and agronomic research. this project utilized agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation and the transposon-tagging construct activator (ac)/dissociator (ds)-atag-bar_gosgfp to produce activation-tagged and knockout mutants in the processing tomato cultivar m82. the construct carried hygromycin resistance (hyg), green fluorescent protein (gfp), and the transposase (tpase) of maize (zea mays) activator major transcri ... | 2013 | 23569107 |
| bacteremia caused by rhizobium radiobacter in a preterm neonate. | the authors report a case of bacteremia due to rhizobium radiobacter in a preterm neonate. although the baby recovered from the septic episode following therapy with appropriate antibiotics he succumbed to complications, mainly associated with prematurity. this case highlights a rare manifestation of r.radiobacter infection in a neonate in whom the source of the organism remained undiscovered. | 2014 | 23539251 |
| identification of host proteins modulated by the virulence factor ac2 of tomato chlorotic mottle virus in nicotiana benthamiana. | tomato, one of the most important crops cultivated worldwide, has been severely affected by begomoviruses such as the tomato chlorotic mottle virus (tocmov). virulence factor ac2 is considered crucial for a successful virus-plant interaction and is known to act as a transcriptional activator and in some begomoviruses to function as an rna silencing suppressor factor. however, the exact functions of the ac2 protein of the begomovirus tocmov are not yet established. the aim of the present study wa ... | 2013 | 23533094 |
| yeast competence for exogenous dna uptake: towards understanding its genetic component. | the demonstration of spontaneous yeast competence shows that artificial transformation rests on naturally occurring cellular processes. such natural competence is either biologically mediated or environmentally induced. for instance, wild yeast might be transformed through conjugation by cell-to-cell contact mediated either by escherichia coli or agrobacterium tumefaciens. moreover, natural competence can be enhanced by mechanical and physiological mechanisms. on the other hand, artificial yeast ... | 2013 | 23529158 |
| enhancement of heterologous gene expression in flammulina velutipes using polycistronic vectors containing a viral 2a cleavage sequence. | agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation for edible mushrooms has been previously established. however, the enhancement of heterologous protein production and the expression of multi-target genes remains a challenge. in this study, heterologous protein expression in the enoki mushroom flammulina velutipes was notably enhanced using 2a peptide-mediated cleavage to co-express multiple copies of single gene. the polycistronic expression vectors were constructed by connecting multi copies o ... | 2013 | 23516605 |
| synthesis and structure-activity relationship of n-(cinnamyl) chitosan analogs as antimicrobial agents. | the current study focuses on the preparation of new n-(cinnamyl) chitosan derivatives as antimicrobial agents against nine types of crop-threatening pathogens. chitosan was reacted with a set of aromatic cinnamaldehyde analogs by reductive amination involving formation of the corresponding imines, followed by reduction with sodium borohydride to produce n-(cinnamyl) chitosan derivatives. the structural characterization was confirmed by (1)h and (13)c nmr spectroscopy and the degrees of substitut ... | 2013 | 23511055 |
| transformation of apple (malus × domestica) using mutants of apple acetolactate synthase as a selectable marker and analysis of the t-dna integration sites. | apple acetolactate synthase mutants were generated by site-specific mutagenesis and successfully used as selection marker in tobacco and apple transformation. t-dna/apple genome junctions were analysed using genome-walking pcr and sequencing. an agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system was developed for apple (malus × domestica), using mutants of apple acetolactate synthase (als) as a selectable marker. four apple als mutants were generated by site-specific mutagenesis and subsequent ... | 2013 | 23494389 |
| the effect of a unique halide-stabilizing residue on the catalytic properties of haloalkane dehalogenase data from agrobacterium tumefaciens c58. | haloalkane dehalogenases catalyze the hydrolysis of carbon-halogen bonds in various chlorinated, brominated and iodinated compounds. these enzymes have a conserved pair of halide-stabilizing residues that are important in substrate binding and stabilization of the transition state and the halide ion product via hydrogen bonding. in all previously known haloalkane dehalogenases, these residues are either a pair of tryptophans or a tryptophan-asparagine pair. the newly-isolated haloalkane dehaloge ... | 2013 | 23490078 |
| effects of bacteria on cadmium bioaccumulation in the cadmium hyperaccumulator plant beta vulgaris var. cicla l. | to investigate the effects of two cadmium-tolerant bacteria, staphylococcus pasteuri (s. pasteuri x1) and agrobacterium tumefaciens (a. tumefaciens x2), on cadmium uptake by the cadmium hyperaccumulator plant beta vulgaris var. cicla l., a pot experiment with artificially contaminated soil was conducted. the results demonstrated that both cadmium-tolerant bacteria enhanced the dry weight of beta vulgaris var. cicla l. the total dry weights of plants in the control ck20, s. pasteuri x1 and a. tum ... | 2013 | 23488173 |
| an accurate method for estimation of the intracellular aqueous volume of escherichia coli cells. | the intracellular aqueous volumes (v(in)) of microorganisms are fundamental data that can be used for estimating absolute cellular enzyme and metabolite concentrations. because traditional methods are time-consuming and costly, the v(in) data have been largely estimated ambiguously. here we developed an nad(+) concentration-dependent method and demonstrated its usefulness for accurate estimation of the v(in) value of escherichia coli cells. the v(in) value of e. coli bl21(de3) cells was determin ... | 2013 | 23481146 |
| enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stresses in transgenic faba bean (vicia faba l.) plants by heterologous expression of the pr10a gene from potato. | we report for the first time that expression of potato pr10a gene in faba bean causes enhanced tolerance to drought and salinity. grain legumes such as soybean (glycine max l. merrill), pea (pisum sativum l.) and faba bean (vicia faba l.) are staple sources of protein for human and animal nutrition. among grain legumes, faba bean is particularly sensitive to abiotic stress (in particular osmotic stress due to lack of water or enhanced soil salinity) and often suffers from severe yield losses. ma ... | 2013 | 23455709 |
| exploiting plant virus-derived components to achieve in planta expression and for templates for synthetic biology applications. | this review discusses the varying roles that have been played by many plant-viral regulatory sequences and proteins in the creation of plant-based expression systems and virus particles for use in nanotechnology. essentially, there are two ways of expressing an exogenous protein: the creation of transgenic plants possessing a stably integrated gene construction, or the transient expression of the desired gene following the infiltration of the gene construct. both depend on disarmed strains of ag ... | 2013 | 23452220 |
| establishment of an agroinoculation system for broad bean wilt virus 2. | we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a broad bean wilt virus 2 (bbwv-2) isolate from gentian in japan. the full-length rna1 and rna2 sequences, excluding poly(a) tails, were 5955 and 3600 nucleotides long, respectively. analysis indicated that, in contrast to other bbwv-2 isolates, the 5' end of both rna1 and rna2 starts with a guu sequence. we successfully inoculated nicotiana benthamiana with bbwv-2 by infiltrating a mixed suspension of two agrobacterium tumefaciens clones carryin ... | 2013 | 23404460 |
| preparation of d-gulose from disaccharide lactitol using microbial and chemical methods. | when an m31 strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens was grown in a mineral salt medium at 30 °c containing 1.0% lactitol as sole carbon source, a keto-sugar was efficiently accumulated in the supernatant. this oxidation from lactitol to the keto-sugar was caused by m31 cells grown with medium containing a disaccharide unit, including sucrose, lactitol, lactose, maltose, or maltitol, suggesting that the enzyme is inducible. m31 also demonstrated good growth characteristics in tryptic soy broth (tsb) ... | 2013 | 23391912 |
| efficient gene knockout in the maize pathogen setosphaeria turcica using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. | setosphaeria turcica, a hemibiotrophic pathogenic dothideomycete, is the causal agent of northern leaf blight of maize, which periodically causes significant yield losses worldwide. to explore molecular mechanisms of fungal pathogenicity and virulence to the host, an efficient targeted gene knockout transformation system using agrobacterium tumefaciens was established with field collected strains. the starting materials, incubation time, induction medium type, agrobacterium cell density, and met ... | 2013 | 23384859 |
| agroinoculation of beet necrotic yellow vein virus cdna clones results in plant systemic infection and efficient polymyxa betae transmission. | agroinoculation is a quick and easy method for the infection of plants with viruses. this method involves the infiltration of tissue with a suspension of agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying binary plasmids harbouring full-length cdna copies of viral genome components. when transferred into host cells, transcription of the cdna produces rna copies of the viral genome that initiate infection. we produced full-length cdna corresponding to beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) rnas and derived repl ... | 2013 | 23384276 |
| unexpected phytostimulatory behavior for escherichia coli and agrobacterium tumefaciens model strains. | plant-beneficial effects of bacteria are often underestimated, especially for well-studied strains associated with pathogenicity or originating from other environments. we assessed the impact of seed inoculation with the emblematic bacterial models agrobacterium tumefaciens c58 (plasmid-cured) or escherichia coli k-12 on maize seedlings in nonsterile soil. compared with the noninoculated control, root biomass (with a. tumefaciens or e. coli) and shoot biomass (with a. tumefaciens) were enhanced ... | 2013 | 23360460 |
| tsw gene-based resistance is triggered by a functional rna silencing suppressor protein of the tomato spotted wilt virus. | as a result of contradictory reports, the avirulence (avr) determinant that triggers tsw gene-based resistance in capsicum annuum against the tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is still unresolved. here, the n and nss genes of resistance-inducing (ri) and resistance-breaking (rb) isolates were cloned and transiently expressed in resistant capsicum plants to determine the identity of the avr protein. it was shown that the nss(ri) protein triggered a hypersensitive response (hr) in tsw-containing ca ... | 2013 | 23360130 |
| type iv secretion machinery: molecular architecture and function. | bacteria have evolved several secretion machineries to bring about transport of various virulence factors, nutrients, nucleic acids and cell-surface appendages that are essential for their pathogenesis. t4s (type iv secretion) systems are versatile secretion systems found in various gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and in few archaea. they are large multisubunit translocons secreting a diverse array of substrates varying in size and nature from monomeric proteins to nucleoprotein complex ... | 2013 | 23356253 |
| expression and large-scale production of human tissue plasminogen activator (t-pa) in transgenic tobacco plants using different signal peptides. | an attempt was made to assess the expression level and targeting of a human protein entitled recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-pa) through accumulation in three cellular compartments including the endoplasmic reticulum and cytosolic and apoplastic spaces in transgenic tobacco plants. in this context, three chimeric constructs pbi-sp-tpa, pbi-tpa-kdel, and pbi-ext-tpa were employed and transferred into the tobacco plants through a popular transformation-based system called agrobacteriu ... | 2013 | 23354501 |
| isolation and characterization of quorum-sensing signalling molecules in pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from nosocomial infections. | pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common pathogens in nosocomial infections. many studies have documented the role of quorum-sensing (qs) systems in antibiotic tolerance of p. aeruginosa. n-acyl homoserine lactones (ahls) serve as qs signalling molecules and can be a target for modulating bacterial pathogenicity. in this study, nosocomial isolates of p. aeruginosa were characterized for the presence of different types of qs signalling molecules. ahls were solvent extracted and quantified ... | 2013 | 23331337 |
| an r2r3 myb transcription factor determines red petal colour in an actinidia (kiwifruit) hybrid population. | red colour in kiwifruit results from the presence of anthocyanin pigments. their expression, however, is complex, and varies among genotypes, species, tissues and environments. an understanding of the biosynthesis, physiology and genetics of the anthocyanins involved, and the control of their expression in different tissues, is required. a complex, the mbw complex, consisting of r2r3-myb and bhlh transcription factors together with a wd-repeat protein, activates anthocyanin 3-o-galactosyltransfe ... | 2013 | 23324587 |
| enhanced withanolide production by overexpression of squalene synthase in withania somnifera. | withania somnifera commonly known as ashwagandha, is held in high repute in traditional indian medicine, largely due to the presence of steroidal lactone phytocompounds collectively known as withanolides, such as withanolide a, withaferin a and withanone. these withanolides have diverse pharmacological properties and are prospective high-value drug candidates. to meet the ever-increasing demands of these compounds, plant cell technology offers a viable alternative. in this study, a key enzyme in ... | 2013 | 23313565 |
| optimization of factors influencing microinjection method for agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of tomato. | a simple and efficient protocol for agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of tomato was developed using combination of non-tissue culture and micropropagation systems. initially, esam region of 1-day-old germinated tomato seeds were microinjected for one to five times with agrobacterium inoculums (od(600) = 0.2-1.0). the germinated seeds were cocultivated in the ms medium fortified with (0-200 mm) acetosyringone and minimal concentrations of (0-20 mg l(-1)) kanamycin, and the antibiotic ... | 2013 | 23306888 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of the soybean pathogen phomopsis longicolla. | to facilitate functional genomics in the soybean pathogen phomopsis longicolla, we developed a robust agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system that yielded 150-250 transformants per 1×10(6) conidia of p. longicolla. this first report of p. longicolla transformation provides a useful tool for insertional mutagenesis in an increasingly important pathogen of soybean. | 2013 | 23305924 |
| purification and biochemical characterization of a highly thermostable bacteriocin isolated from brevibacillus brevis strain gm100. | a bacteriocin-producing (11,000 au ml(-1)) strain was isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy algerian plants ononis angustissima lam., and identified as brevibacillus brevis strain gm100. the bacteriocin, called bac-gm100, was purified to homogeneity from the culture supernatant, and, based on maldi-tof/ms analysis, was a monomer protein with a molecular mass of 4375.66 da. the 21 n-terminal residues of bac-gm100 displayed 65% homology with thurincin h from bacillus thuringiensis. bac-gm100 wa ... | 2013 | 23291759 |
| better rooting procedure to enhance survival rate of field grown malaysian eksotika papaya transformed with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase gene. | a high survival rate for transformed papaya plants when transferred to the field is useful in the quest for improving the commercial quality traits. we report in this paper an improved rooting method for the production of transformed malaysian eksotika papaya with high survival rate when transferred to the field. shoots were regenerated from embryogenic calli transformed with antisense and rnai constructs of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (aco) genes using the agrobacterium tumefa ... | 2013 | 25969786 |
| genetic diversity and symbiotic evolution of rhizobia from root nodules of coronilla varia. | ninety symbiotic rhizobial isolates from root nodules of coronilla varia growing in the shaanxi province of china were characterized. combined with the results of rflp patterns, six genotypes were defined among the rhizobial strains and they were divided into three genomic genera. these included mesorhizobium sp., m. alhagi, m. amorphae, m. metallidurans/m. gobiense as the dominant group (86.7%), and rhizobium yanglingense and agrobacterium tumefaciens as the minor groups, according to analysis ... | 2013 | 23245852 |
| the calcineurin-responsive transcription factor crz1 is required for conidation, full virulence and dmi resistance in penicillium digitatum. | the ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent pathway is a critical signal transduction pathway that mediates various cellular responses in multiple organisms. calcineurin acts through zinc finger transcription factor crz1 in fungi. in the present study, we identified an ortholog of crz1, pdcrz1, in penicillium digitatum, the most important pathogen of postharvest citrus. to determine the function(s) of pdcrz1, a gene-disruption mutant was generated using an agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation ( ... | 2013 | 23238263 |
| canthaxanthin production with modified mucor circinelloides strains. | canthaxanthin is a natural diketo derivative of β-carotene primarily used by the food and feed industries. mucor circinelloides is a β-carotene-accumulating zygomycete fungus and one of the model organisms to study the carotenoid biosynthesis in fungi. in this study, the β-carotene ketolase gene (crtw) of the marine bacterium paracoccus sp. n81106 fused with fungal promoter and terminator regions was integrated into the m. circinelloides genome to construct stable canthaxanthin-producing strains ... | 2013 | 23224586 |
| a really useful pathogen, agrobacterium tumefaciens. | bacteria of the genus agrobacterium are very useful and unusual plant pathogens. through a rare inter-kingdom dna transfer, the bacteria move some of their genes into their host's genome, thereby inducing the host cells to proliferate and produce opines, nutrients sources for the pathogen. agrobacterium's ability to transfer dna makes can be adapted to introduce other genes, such as those encoding useful traits, into plant genomes. the development of agrobacterium as a tool to transform plants i ... | 2012 | 23213133 |
| transformation of miniature potted rose (rosa hybrida cv. linda) with p( sag12 )-ipt gene delays leaf senescence and enhances resistance to exogenous ethylene. | key message : the p ( sag12 ) -ipt gene was transferred to miniature rose, as the first woody species, resulting in increased ethylene resistance due to specific up-regulation of the ipt gene under senescence promoting conditions. transgenic plants of rosa hybrida 'linda' were obtained via transformation with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain harboring the binary vector psg529(+) containing the p( sag12 )-ipt construct. a. tumefaciens strains agl1, gv3850 and lba4404 (containing p(35s)-intgus gen ... | 2013 | 23207761 |
| a septation related gene acseph in acremonium chrysogenum is involved in the cellular differentiation and cephalosporin production. | t-dna inserted mutants of acremonium chrysogenum were constructed by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt). one mutant 1223 which grew slowly was selected. tail-pcr and sequence analysis indicated that a putative septation protein encoding gene acseph was partially deleted in this mutant. acseph contains nine introns, and its deduced protein acseph has a conserved serine/threonine protein kinase catalytic (s_tkc) domain at its n-terminal region. acseph shows high similarity wi ... | 2013 | 23201539 |
| protective efficacy against chlamydophila psittaci by oral immunization based on transgenic rice expressing momp in mice. | avian chlamydiosis is caused by chlamydophila psittaci (cp. psittaci) and major outer membrane protein (momp) of cp. psittaci is an excellent vaccine candidate. in this study, the momp gene was expressed in rice callus by the agrobacterium tumefaciens vector. the production of protein in transgenic rice seeds was confirmed and quantified by western-blot and elisa, the results demonstrating that the antigen was expressed stably. the transgenic rice seeds expressing the momp protein were administe ... | 2013 | 23196208 |
| in planta expression or delivery of potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae effectors me10 and me23 enhances aphid fecundity. | the interactions between aphids and their host plants seem to be analogous to those of plant-microbial pathogens. unlike microbial pathogen effectors, little is known about aphid effectors and their ability to interfere with host immunity. to date, only three functional aphid effectors have been reported. to identify potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae) effectors, we developed a salivary gland transcriptome using illumina technology. we generated 85 million illumina reads from salivary glands a ... | 2013 | 23194342 |
| [synthesis and antimicrobial ivestigation of 8-quinolinols glucosaminides]. | in the phase transfer system solid calcium carbonate--acetonitrile per acetylated o-beta-d-glucosaminides of 8-quinolinol, 2-methyl-8-quinolinol and 5-chloro-8-quinolinol were synthesized. zemplen deacetylation was led to corresponding trioles. obtained o-beta-d-glucosaminides were identified with 1h-nmr spectroscopy. antimicrobial activity of deacetylated forms has been studied in a test of inhibition of bioluminescence of marine luminescent bacteria vibrio fischeri f1 and method of the serial ... | 2013 | 23189563 |
| one out of four: hspl but no other small heat shock protein of agrobacterium tumefaciens acts as efficient virulence-promoting virb8 chaperone. | alpha-crystallin-type small heat shock proteins (shsps) are ubiquitously distributed in most eukaryotes and prokaryotes. four shsp genes named hspl, hspc, hspat1, and hspat2 were identified in agrobacterium tumefaciens, a plant pathogenic bacterium capable of unique interkingdom dna transfer via type iv secretion system (t4ss). hspl is highly expressed in virulence-induced growth condition and functions as a virb8 chaperone to promote t4ss-mediated dna transfer. here, we used genetic and biochem ... | 2012 | 23185409 |
| use of gfp-tagged strains of penicillium digitatum and penicillium expansum to study host-pathogen interactions in oranges and apples. | penicillium digitatum and penicillium expansum are responsible for green and blue molds in citrus and pome fruits, respectively, which result in major monetary losses worldwide. in order to study their infection process in fruits, we successfully introduced a green fluorescent protein (gfp) encoding gene into wild type p. digitatum and p. expansum isolates, using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt), with hygromycin b resistance as the selectable marker. to our knowledge, thi ... | 2012 | 23177056 |
| development of an efficient transformation method by agrobacterium tumefaciens and high throughput spray assay to identify transgenic plants for woodland strawberry (fragaria vesca) using nptii selection. | key message : we developed an efficient agrobacterium -mediated transformation method using an ac/ds transposon tagging construct for f. vesca and high throughput paromomycin spray assay to identify its transformants for strawberry functional genomics. genomic resources for rosaceae species are now readily available, including the fragaria vesca genome, est sequences, markers, linkage maps, and physical maps. the rosaceae genomic executive committee has promoted strawberry as a translational gen ... | 2013 | 23160638 |
| the promoter of an a9 homolog from the conifer cryptomeria japonica imparts male strobilus-dominant expression in transgenic trees. | key message : gus analysis in cryptomeria japonica revealed that the cjmale1 promoter is activated in the male strobilus of c. japonica. toward the development of male sterile technology for cryptomeria japonica, a male strobilus-dominant promoter of c. japonica was isolated. the cjmale1 gene was isolated from a male strobilus-specific suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) library, and the promoter was isolated by the tail-pcr method. to characterize the cjmale1 promoter, β-glucuronidase ( ... | 2013 | 23160637 |
| development of insect-resistant transgenic cotton with chimeric tvip3a accumulating in chloroplasts. | an optimized vip3a gene, designated as vip3a* was chemically synthesized and a thi1 gene chloroplast transit peptide coding sequence was attached to its 5' end to produce the tvip3a*. vip3a* and tvip3a* genes were transformed into gossypium hirsutum cv. zhongmiansuo35 mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens. four independent transgenic t1 lines with single-copy insertions and unchanged phenotypes (ctv1 and ctv2 for tvip3a*, and cv1 and cv2 for vip3a*) were selected by polymerase chain reaction (pc ... | 2013 | 23143498 |
| development and bioassay of transgenic chinese cabbage expressing potato proteinase inhibitor ii gene. | lepidopteran larvae are the most injurious pests of chinese cabbage production. we attempted the development of transgenic chinese cabbage expressing the potato proteinase inhibitor ii gene (pinii) and bioassayed the pest-repelling ability of these transgenic plants. cotyledons with petioles from aseptic seedlings were used as explants for agrobacterium-mediated in vitro transformation. agrobacterium tumefaciens c58 contained the binary vector pbbbasta-pinii-bar comprising pinii and bar genes. p ... | 2012 | 23136521 |
| tnt1 retrotransposon mutagenesis: a tool for soybean functional genomics. | insertional mutagenesis is a powerful tool for determining gene function in both model and crop plant species. tnt1, the transposable element of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) cell type 1, is a retrotransposon that replicates via an rna copy that is reverse transcribed and integrated elsewhere in the plant genome. based on studies in a variety of plants, tnt1 appears to be inactive in normal plant tissue but can be reactivated by tissue culture. our goal was to evaluate the utility of the tnt1 retr ... | 2013 | 23124322 |
| gateway vectors for transformation of cereals. | until now, the availability of vectors for transgenic research in cereal crops has been rather limited. we present a novel collection of agrobacterium tumefaciens binary t-dna vectors compatible with gateway recombinational cloning that facilitate the modular assembly of genes of interest together with new regulatory sequences, such as strong constitutive or endosperm-specific brachypodium distachyon promoters. this resource aims at streamlining the creation of vectors and transgenes designed to ... | 2013 | 23121806 |
| endogenous silencing of puccinia triticina pathogenicity genes through in planta-expressed sequences leads to the suppression of rust diseases on wheat. | rust fungi are destructive plant pathogens. the draft genomes of several wheat-infecting species have been released and potential pathogenicity genes identified through comparative analyses to fungal pathogens that are amenable to genetic manipulation. functional gene analysis tools are needed to understand the infection process of these obligate parasites and to confirm whether predicted pathogenicity genes could become targets for disease control. we have modified an agrobacterium tumefaciens- ... | 2013 | 23110316 |
| evaluation of four agrobacterium tumefaciens strains for the genetic transformation of tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.) cultivar micro-tom. | key message : agrobacterium tumefaciens strains differ not only in their ability to transform tomato micro-tom, but also in the number of transgene copies that the strains integrate in the genome. the transformation efficiency of tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.) cv. micro-tom with agrobacterium tumefaciens strains agl1, eha105, gv3101, and mp90, harboring the plasmid pbi121 was compared. the presence of the nptii and/or uida transgenes in regenerated t(0) plants was determined by pcr, southern b ... | 2013 | 23099543 |
| genetic transformation of european chestnut somatic embryos with a native thaumatin-like protein (cstl1) gene isolated from castanea sativa seeds. | the availability of a system for direct transfer of antifungal candidate genes into european chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) would offer an alternative approach to conventional breeding for production of chestnut trees tolerant to ink disease caused by phytophthora spp. for the first time, a chestnut thaumatin-like protein gene (cstl1), isolated from chestnut cotyledons, has been overexpressed in three chestnut somatic embryogenic lines. transformation experiments have been performed using an a ... | 2012 | 23086811 |
| methionine biosynthesis in agrobacterium tumefaciens: study of the first enzyme. | here we characterize the first step in methionine biosynthesis in agrobacterium tumefaciens, an α-proteobacterium. we explored the meta gene and its products and found several unique properties. although the gene was annotated as a homoserine transsuccinylase, based upon sequence similarity to characterized homologs in other bacteria, including escherichia coli, the enzyme uses acetyl-coa as a substrate and therefore is functionally a transacetylase. moreover, the protein is thermolabile and the ... | 2013 | 23085540 |
| polar auxin transport is essential for gall formation by pantoea agglomerans on gypsophila. | the virulence of the bacterium pantoea agglomerans pv. gypsophilae (pag) on gypsophila paniculata depends on a type iii secretion system (t3ss) and its effectors. the hypothesis that plant-derived indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) plays a major role in gall formation was examined by disrupting basipetal polar auxin transport with the specific inhibitors 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (tiba) and n-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (npa). on inoculation with pag, galls developed in gypsophila stems above but not belo ... | 2013 | 23083316 |
| overexpression of the cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (cyp71av1) and cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr) genes increased artemisinin content in artemisia annua (asteraceae). | finding an efficient and affordable treatment against malaria is still a challenge for medicine. artemisinin is an effective anti-malarial drug isolated from artemisia annua. however, the artemisinin content of a. annua is very low. we used transgenic technology to increase the artemisinin content of a. annua by overexpressing cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (cyp71av1) and cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr) genes. cyp71av1 is a key enzyme in the artemisinin biosynthesis pathway, while cpr is a redox ... | 2012 | 23079824 |
| multiplex pcr assay for detection of human interferon alpha2b gene in transgenic plants. | during the last decade interferons are regarded as potent candidates for generation of plant-based edible vaccines because of broad spectrum of antiviral activities and adjuvant properties. establishment and certification of numerous interferon producing plant systems requests development of fast and efficient multiplex pcr protocol for the transgene detection in gm plants. here we represent a protocol for simultaneous amplification in one assay of fragments of hifn alpha 2b gene and two control ... | 2016 | 23074956 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of phellodendron amurense rupr. using mature-seed explants. | an efficient transformation protocol was developed for agrobacterium-mediated transformation of phellodendron amurense rupr. for using explants from mature seeds. the binary vector pcambia1303, which contained hygromycin phosphotransferase (hptii) as a selectable marker gene and β-glucuronidase (gus) as a reporter gene, was used for transformation studies. different factors that affect survival of transformed buds, namely agrobacterium infection method, bacterial strain, pre-culture duration, ac ... | 2013 | 23065217 |
| agrobacterium may delay plant nonhomologous end-joining dna repair via xrcc4 to favor t-dna integration. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soilborne pathogen that causes crown gall disease in many dicotyledonous plants by transfer of a portion of its tumor-inducing plasmid (t-dna) into the plant genome. several plant factors that play a role in agrobacterium attachment to plant cells and transport of t-dna to the nucleus have been identified, but the t-dna integration step during transformation is poorly understood and has been proposed to occur via nonhomologous end-joining (nhej)-mediated double-str ... | 2012 | 23064322 |
| integrated co-regulation of bacterial arsenic and phosphorus metabolisms. | arsenic ranks first on the us environmental protection agency superfund list of hazardous substances. its mobility and toxicity depend upon chemical speciation, which is significantly driven by microbial redox transformations. genome sequence-enabled surveys reveal that in many microorganisms genes essential to arsenite (asiii) oxidation are located immediately adjacent to genes coding for functions associated with phosphorus (pi) acquisition, implying some type of functional importance to the m ... | 2012 | 23057575 |
| dynamic localization of two tobamovirus orf6 proteins involves distinct organellar compartments. | orf6 is a small gene that overlaps the movement and coat protein genes of subgroup 1a tobamoviruses. the orf6 protein of tomato mosaic virus (tomv) strain l (l-orf6), interacts in vitro with eukaryotic elongation factor 1α, and mutation of the orf6 gene of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) strain u1 (u1-orf6) reduces the pathogenicity in vivo of tmv, whereas expression of this gene from two other viruses, tobacco rattle virus (trv) and potato virus x (pvx), increases their pathogenicity. in this work, ... | 2013 | 23052393 |
| structural basis for selective gaba binding in bacterial pathogens. | gaba acts as an intercellular signal in eukaryotes and as an interspecies signal in host-microbe interactions. structural characteristics of selective eukaryotic gaba receptors and bacterial gaba sensors are unknown. here, we identified the selective gaba-binding protein, called atu4243, in the plant pathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens. a constructed atu4243 mutant was affected in gaba transport and in expression of the gaba-regulated functions, including aggressiveness on two plant hosts and deg ... | 2012 | 23043322 |
| the significance of early accumulation of nanomolar concentrations of no as an inducer of denitrification. | denitrifying bacteria have variable ability to perform efficient and balanced denitrification during oxygen depletion. no is often assumed to exert a positive feedback in the transcription of denitrification genes, because no-dependent activators have been identified. the regulatory network of denitrification is complex, however, and the significance of no signalling needs to be studied in vivo. we utilized acetylene-catalysed no oxidation to scavenge no produced by batch cultures of denitrifyin ... | 2013 | 23035849 |
| generation and characterization of the western regional research center brachypodium t-dna insertional mutant collection. | the model grass brachypodium distachyon (brachypodium) is an excellent system for studying the basic biology underlying traits relevant to the use of grasses as food, forage and energy crops. to add to the growing collection of brachypodium resources available to plant scientists, we further optimized our agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated high-efficiency transformation method and generated 8,491 brachypodium t-dna lines. we used inverse pcr to sequence the dna flanking the insertion sites in th ... | 2012 | 23028431 |
| expression, purification, crystallization and x-ray analysis of 3-quinuclidinone reductase from agrobacterium tumefaciens. | (r)-3-quinuclidinol is a useful chiral building block for the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals and can be produced from 3-quinuclidinone by asymmetric reduction. a novel 3-quinuclidinone reductase from agrobacterium tumefaciens (atqr) catalyzes the stereospecific reduction of 3-quinuclidinone to (r)-3-quinuclidinol with nadh as a cofactor. recombinant atqr was overexpressed in escherichia coli, purified and crystallized with nadh using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method at 293 k. cryst ... | 2012 | 23027756 |
| construction of the intermediate vector pvbg2307 by incorporating vital elements of expression vectors pbi121 and pbi221. | molecular chaperones of plasmid pbi121 carrying camv35s promoter and a nucleotide sequence of plasmid pbi221 were inserted into plasmid pcambia2300 to construct an intermediate vector: pvbg2307. this novel vector pvbg2307 contains a greatly expanded multiple cloning site with an adjacent imported camv35s promoter sequence. this vector allows controlled transformation of dna in both escherichia coli and agrobacterium tumefaciens. cloned pg, orf456, ipt genes and e8, a fruiting promoter, were ampl ... | 2012 | 23007987 |
| expression of agrobacterium tumefaciens octopine ti-plasmid virb8 gene is regulated by translational coupling. | eleven proteins of the agrobacterium tumefaciens virb operon are required for type iv secretion. all octopine ti-plasmid ptia6nc virb proteins, except virb8, could be expressed from a cloned monocistronic gene. accumulation of virb8 required translation of the upstream virb7 gene. analysis of chimeric virb8 genes and a newly constructed virb7 deletion mutant agrobacterium ad1275 showed that translation of virb7, and not the gene product, is required for virb8 accumulation. agrobacterium ad1275 a ... | 2013 | 22990025 |
| theoretical prediction and experimental verification of protein-coding genes in plant pathogen genome agrobacterium tumefaciens strain c58. | agrobacterium tumefaciens strain c58 is a gram-negative soil bacterium capable of inducing tumors (crown galls) on many dicotyledonous plants. the genome of a. tumefaciens strain c58 was re-annotated based on the z-curve method. first, all the 'hypothetical genes' were re-identified, and 29 originally annotated 'hypothetical genes' were recognized to be non-coding open reading frames (orfs). theoretical evidence obtained from principal component analysis, clusters of orthologous groups of protei ... | 2012 | 22984411 |
| predictive models for the accumulation of a fluorescent marker protein in tobacco leaves according to the promoter/5'utr combination. | the promoter and 5'-untranslated region (5'utr) play a key role in determining the efficiency of recombinant protein expression in plants. comparative experiments are used to identify suitable elements but these are usually tested in transgenic plants or in transformed protoplasts/suspension cells, so their relevance in whole-plant transient expression systems is unclear given the greater heterogeneity in expression levels among different leaves. furthermore, little is known about the impact of ... | 2013 | 22948957 |
| enhancement of ganoderic acid accumulation by overexpression of an n-terminally truncated 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase gene in the basidiomycete ganoderma lucidum. | ganoderic acids produced by ganoderma lucidum, a well-known traditional chinese medicinal mushroom, exhibit antitumor and antimetastasis activities. genetic modification of g. lucidum is difficult but critical for the enhancement of cellular accumulation of ganoderic acids. in this study, a homologous genetic transformation system for g. lucidum was developed for the first time using mutated sdhb, encoding the iron-sulfur protein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase, as a selection marker. the tru ... | 2012 | 22941092 |
| functional genomics tools to decipher the pathogenicity mechanisms of the necrotrophic fungus plectosphaerella cucumerina in arabidopsis thaliana. | the analysis of the interaction between arabidopsis thaliana and adapted (pcbmm) and nonadapted (pc2127) isolates of the necrotrophic fungus plectosphaerella cucumerina has contributed to the identification of molecular mechanisms controlling plant resistance to necrotrophs. to characterize the pathogenicity bases of the virulence of necrotrophic fungi in arabidopsis, we developed p. cucumerina functional genomics tools using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. we generated pcbmm- ... | 2013 | 22937870 |
| production of engineered long-life and male sterile pelargonium plants. | pelargonium is one of the most popular garden plants in the world. moreover, it has a considerable economic importance in the ornamental plant market. conventional cross-breeding strategies have generated a range of cultivars with excellent traits. however, gene transfer via agrobacterium tumefaciens could be a helpful tool to further improve pelargonium by enabling the introduction of new genes/traits. we report a simple and reliable protocol for the genetic transformation of pelargonium spp. a ... | 2012 | 22935247 |