| a stable and efficient agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of the medicinal plant digitalis purpurea l. | in this study, we developed a rapid and efficient method for in vitro propagation and agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of digitalis purpurea l. (syn. foxglove), an important medicinal plant. mature leaf explants of d. purpurea were used for 100 % adventitious shoot regeneration on murashige and skoog (ms) medium supplemented with 1 mg l(-1) thidiazuron (tdz) (a cytokine) and 0.1 mg l(-1) 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (naa) (an auxin). transformation was achieved by inoculating leaf e ... | 2014 | 24272685 |
| detection of genetically modified tomato using pcr coupled with muparaflo microfluidics microarrays. | genetically modified (gm) tomatoes have been approved for commercialization in many countries since the first gm tomato flavr savr was permitted for planting in 1994. to meet the requirement of the gm tomatoes labeling policy, in this study we firstly set up the conventional pcr and multiplex pcr detection system for screening the universal elements transformed into tomato, such as cauliflower mosaic virus 35s (camv 35s) promoter, nopaline synthase (nos) terminator of agrobacterium tumefaciens, ... | 2013 | 24266223 |
| generation of doubled haploid transgenic wheat lines by microspore transformation. | microspores can be induced to develop homozygous doubled haploid plants in a single generation. in the present experiments androgenic microspores of wheat have been genetically transformed and developed into mature homozygous transgenic plants. two different transformation techniques were investigated, one employing electroporation and the other co-cultivation with agrobacterium tumefaciens. different tissue culture and transfection conditions were tested on nine different wheat cultivars using ... | 2013 | 24260351 |
| overexpression of cytokinin dehydrogenase genes in barley (hordeum vulgare cv. golden promise) fundamentally affects morphology and fertility. | barley is one of the most important cereal crops grown worldwide. it has numerous applications, but its utility could potentially be extended by genetically manipulating its hormonal balances. to explore some of this potential we identified gene families of cytokinin dehydrogenases (ckx) and isopentenyl transferases, enzymes that respectively irreversibly degrade and synthesize cytokinin (ck) plant hormones, in the raw sequenced barley genome. we then examined their spatial and temporal expressi ... | 2013 | 24260147 |
| agartrap: a simplified agrobacterium-mediated transformation method for sporelings of the liverwort marchantia polymorpha l. | the liverwort marchantia polymorpha l. is being developed as an emerging model plant, and several transformation techniques were recently reported. examples are biolistic- and agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods. here, we report a simplified method for agrobacterium-mediated transformation of sporelings, and it is termed agar-utilized transformation with pouring solutions (agartrap). the procedure of the agartrap was carried out by simply exchanging appropriate solutions in a petri dis ... | 2014 | 24259681 |
| treatment of rhizobium radiobacter bacteremia in a critically ill trauma patient. | to report the first case of rhizobium radiobacter bacteremia in a critically ill trauma patient. | 2013 | 24259594 |
| cytokinins secreted by agrobacterium promote transformation by repressing a plant myb transcription factor. | agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most widely used technique for generating transgenic plants. however, many crops remain recalcitrant. we found that an arabidopsis myb family transcription factor (mtf1) inhibited plant transformation susceptibility. mutating mtf1 increased attachment of several agrobacterium strains to roots and increased both stable and transient transformation in both susceptible and transformation-resistant arabidopsis ecotypes. cytokinins from agrobacterium tumef ... | 2013 | 24255177 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of maize (zea mays) immature embryos. | agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation is one of the most efficient and simple gene delivery systems for genetic improvement and biology studies in maize. this system has become more widely used by both public and private laboratories. however, transformation efficiencies vary greatly from laboratory to laboratory for the same genotype. here, we illustrate our advanced agrobacterium-mediated transformation method in hi-ii maize using simple binary vectors. the protocol utilizes immatu ... | 2014 | 24243211 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation: rice transformation. | agrobacterium is a common soil bacterium with natural capacity for trans-kingdom transfer of genetic information by transferring its t-dna into the eukaryotic genome. in agricultural plant biotechnology, combination of non-phytopathogenic strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens with modified t-dna and vir-genes in a binary vector system is the most widely utilized system for genetic improvement in diverse plant species and for gene function validation. here we have described a highly efficient a. tu ... | 2014 | 24243210 |
| genetic transformation of wheat via agrobacterium-mediated dna delivery. | the method described involves an initial incubation of wheat immature embryos in a liquid culture of agrobacterium tumefaciens. the agrobacterium strain is engineered to contain a binary vector with a gene of interest and a selectable marker gene placed between the t-dna borders; the t-dna is the region transferred to the plant cells, thus harnessing the bacterium's natural ability to deliver specific dna into host cells. following the initial inoculation with the agrobacterium, the embryos are ... | 2014 | 24243208 |
| threats and opportunities of plant pathogenic bacteria. | plant pathogenic bacteria can have devastating effects on plant productivity and yield. nevertheless, because these often soil-dwelling bacteria have evolved to interact with eukaryotes, they generally exhibit a strong adaptivity, a versatile metabolism, and ingenious mechanisms tailored to modify the development of their hosts. consequently, besides being a threat for agricultural practices, phytopathogens may also represent opportunities for plant production or be useful for specific biotechno ... | 2014 | 24216222 |
| identification and characterization of granule bound starch synthase i (gbssi) gene of tartary buckwheat (fagopyrum tataricum gaertn.). | tartary buckwheat (fagopyrum tataricum gaertn.) is increasingly considered as an important functional food material because of its rich nutraceutical compounds. reserve starch is the major component of tartary buckwheat seed. however, the gene sequences and the molecular mechanism of tartary buckwheat starch synthesis are unknown so far. in this study, the complete genomic sequence and full-size cdna coding tartary buckwheat granule-bound starch synthase i (ftgbssi), which is responsible for amy ... | 2014 | 24211386 |
| pigment-protein interactions in phytochromes probed by fluorescence line narrowing spectroscopy. | fluorescence line narrowing (fln) spectroscopy was used to study bacteriophytochromes and variants from various species in their red-absorbing pr ground state, including phytochromes agp1 from agrobacterium tumefaciens , drbphp from deinococcus radiodurans , and rpbphp2 and rpbphp3 from rhodopseudomonas palustris . a species-dependent narrowing of the fluorescence emission bands is observed. the results suggest varied pigment-protein interactions, possibly connected to chromophore mobility or ex ... | 2013 | 24205818 |
| cysteine desulphurase-encoding gene sufs2 is required for the repressor function of rira and oxidative resistance in agrobacterium tumefaciens. | the agrobacterium tumefaciens genome contains a cluster of genes that are predicted to encode fe-s cluster assembly proteins, and this cluster is known as the sufs2bcds1xa operon. sufs2 is the first gene in the operon, and it was inactivated to determine its physiological function. the sufs2 mutant exhibited a small colony phenotype, grew slower than the wild-type strain and was more sensitive to various oxidants including peroxide, organic hydroperoxide and superoxide. the sufs2 gene was negati ... | 2014 | 24194559 |
| genetic transformation of major cereal crops. | of the more than 50,000 edible plant species in the world, at least 10,000 species are cereal grains. three major cereal crops, rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), and wheat (triticum sp.), provide two-thirds of the world's food energy intake. although crop yields have improved tremendously thanks to technological advances in the past 50 years, population increases and climate changes continue to threaten the sustainability of current crop productions. whereas conventional and marker-assisted ... | 2013 | 24166432 |
| higher plant transformation: principles and molecular tools. | in higher plants, genetic transformation, which is part of the toolbox for the study of living organisms, had been reported only 30 years ago, boosting basic plant biology research, generating superior crops, and leading to the new discipline of plant biotechnology. here, we review its principles and the corresponding molecular tools. in vitro regeneration, through somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis, is discussed because they are prerequisites for the subsequent agrobacterium tumefaciens-med ... | 2013 | 24166431 |
| the roles of bacterial and host plant factors in agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. | the genetic transformation of plants mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens represents an essential tool for both fundamental and applied research in plant biology. for a successful infection, culminating in the integration of its transferred dna (t-dna) into the host genome, agrobacterium relies on multiple interactions with host-plant factors. extensive studies have unraveled many of such interactions at all major steps of the infection process: activation of the bacterial virulence genes, cell ... | 2013 | 24166430 |
| from the tumor-inducing principle to plant biotechnology and its importance for society. | this dialogue was held between the guest editors of the special issue on "plant transgenesis" of the int. j. dev. biol. and marc van montagu. research in the group of marc van montagu and jeff schell in the 1970s was essential to reveal how the phytopathogenic bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens transfers dna to host plants to cause crown gall disease. knowledge of the molecular mechanism underlying gene transfer, subsequently led to the development of plant transgene technology, an indispensabl ... | 2013 | 24166428 |
| fundamental discoveries and simple recombination between circular plasmid dnas led to widespread use of agrobacterium tumefaciens as a generalized vector for plant genetic engineering. | fundamental research aimed to determine the limits of the agrobacterium transfer dna (t-dna) element that stably inserted into plant nuclear dna to cause crown gall tumor formation. the t-dna borders were discovered to be exceedingly precise, revealing that t-dna insertion into the plant genome was reproducible and exact. deletion of the internal regions of the t-dna, to remove the tumor forming genes, while retaining the t-dna borders, resulted again in efficient dna transfer to plant cells, bu ... | 2013 | 24166427 |
| thirty years of transgenic research in plants. | in 1983, the first transgenic tissues and plants were generated by means of disarmed agrobacterium tumefaciens strains, in which the oncogenes had been replaced by antibiotic resistance markers. hence, this special issue of the international journal of developmental biology celebrates 30 years of transgenic research in plants! eminent scientists working in the field of plant transformation or plant biotechnology have contributed to this publication and reviewed the state of the art of their part ... | 2013 | 24166426 |
| targeted gene deletion in aspergillus fumigatus using microbial machinery and a recyclable marker. | the emerging invasive fungal pathogen aspergillus fumigatus causes very serious infections among immunocompromised patient populations. while the genome of this pathogen has been sequenced, a major barrier to better understanding the complex biology of this eukaryotic organism is a lack of tools for efficient genetic manipulation. to improve upon this, we have generated a new gene deletion system for a. fumigatus using yeast recombinational cloning and agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transfor ... | 2013 | 24161898 |
| development of transgenic sweet potato with multiple virus resistance in south africa (sa). | multiple infections of sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv), sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv), sweet potato virus g (spvg) and sweet potato mild mottle virus (spmmv) cause a devastating synergistic disease complex of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas lam.) in kwazulu-natal, south africa. in order to address the problem of multiple virus infections and synergism, this study aimed to develop transgenic sweet potato (cv. blesbok) plants with broad virus resistance. coat protein gene seg ... | 2014 | 24158330 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transgenic plant and somaclone production through direct and indirect regeneration from leaves in stevia rebaudiana with their glycoside profile. | agrobacterium tumefaciens (eha-105 harboring pcambia 1304)-mediated transgenic plant production via direct regeneration from leaf and elite somaclones generation through indirect regeneration in stevia rebaudiana is reported. optimum direct regeneration frequency along with highest transformation frequency was found on ms + 1 mg/l bap + 1 mg/l naa, while indirect regeneration from callus was obtained on ms + 1 mg/l bap + 2 mg/l naa. successful transfer of gus-positive (gus assay and pcr-based co ... | 2014 | 24154495 |
| production of human tissue plasminogen activator (tpa) in cucumis sativus. | tissue plasminogen activator (tpa) as a serine protease with 72 kd molecular mass and 527 amino acids plays an important role in the fibrinolytic system and the dissolution of fibrin clots in human body. the collective production of this drug in plants such as cucumber, one of the most important vegetables in the world, could reduce its production costs. in this study, after scrutiny of the appropriate regeneration of cucumber plant (isfahan variety) on ms medium with naphthalene acetic acid hor ... | 2014 | 24152103 |
| insertional mutagenesis and cloning of the gene required for the biosynthesis of the non-host-specific toxin in cochliobolus lunatus that causes maize leaf spot. | the maize pathotype cochliobolus lunatus causes curvularia leaf spot by producing a non-host-specific toxin known as methyl 5-(hydroxymethyl) furan-2-carboxylate (m5hf2c). however, related research that explores the genes that control the production of this toxin is rare. in the current work, agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) was employed to tag the gene required for the biosynthesis of the toxin. of the 3,000 atmt transformants recovered, 4 showed a significant decline in ... | 2014 | 24134718 |
| targeting fungal genes by diced sirnas: a rapid tool to decipher gene function in aspergillus nidulans. | gene silencing triggered by chemically synthesized small interfering rnas (sirnas) has become a powerful tool for deciphering gene function in many eukaryotes. however, prediction and validation of a single sirna duplex specific to a target gene is often ineffective. rna interference (rnai) with synthetic sirna suffers from lower silencing efficacy, off-target effects and is cost-intensive, especially for functional genomic studies. with the explosion of fungal genomic information, there is an i ... | 2013 | 24130711 |
| high throughput agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated germline transformation of mechanically isolated meristem explants of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | agrobacterium tumefaciens mediates high frequency of germline transformation of cotton meristem explants. the meristem transformation system we developed is rapid, high throughput and genotype-flexible. we have developed a high throughput cotton transformation system based on direct agrobacterium inoculation of mechanically isolated meristem explants of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). the explants were inoculated with a disarmed a. tumefaciens strain, ab33 harboring a 2 t-dna binary vector pmon1 ... | 2014 | 24129847 |
| differences in differential gene expression between young and mature arabidopsis c58 tumours. | tumorigenesis of plants triggered by agrobacterium tumefaciens has been investigated for over a century, but a global study on changes in gene expression in plant tumours during growth and development has received little attention so far due to technical difficulties. recently a great advance in 'omic' technologies, e.g. microarray, proteome and transcriptome analyses, has allowed differential expression profiling of genes for metabolic regulation during plant tumour growth and development. deek ... | 2014 | 24119138 |
| paracoccidioides brasiliensis pbp27 gene: knockdown procedures and functional characterization. | paracoccidioides brasiliensis pbp27 gene encodes a protein localized in both the fungal cytoplasm and cell wall. the parasitic infectious form produces this protein preferentially with the gene's expression varying between the fungus phylogenetic species. the biological function of the native p27 has yet to be determined during either growth of the yeast or host infection. therefore, in this study, through the use of antisense rna technology and agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, ... | 2014 | 24118983 |
| concerted transfer of the virulence ti plasmid and companion at plasmid in the agrobacterium tumefaciens-induced plant tumour. | the plant pathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens c58 harbours three independent type iv secretion (t4ss) machineries. t4sst-dna promotes the transfer of the t-dna to host plant cells, provoking tumour development and accumulation of opines such as nopaline and agrocinopines. t4sspti and t4sspat control the bacterial conjugation of the ti and at plasmids respectively. expression of t4sspti is controlled by the agrocinopine-responsive transcriptional repressor accr. in this work, we compared the genom ... | 2013 | 24118167 |
| diverse profiles of n-acyl-homoserine lactone molecules found in cnidarians. | many marine habitats, such as the surface and tissues of marine invertebrates, including corals, harbour diverse populations of microorganisms, which are thought to play a role in the health of their hosts and influence mutualistic and competitive interactions. investigating the presence and stability of quorum sensing (qs) in these ecosystems may shed light on the roles and control of these bacterial communities. samples of 13 cnidarian species were screened for the presence and diversity of n- ... | 2014 | 24117852 |
| secondary peritonitis due to rhizobium radiobacter. | rhizobium radiobacter rarely causes human infections, most of which develop in immunocompromised patients, and especially those with intravenous catheters. although r. radiobacter has been reported in association with peritonitis, all such reported cases have been due to intra-peritoneal devices in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. herein we report the first case of a perforated ulcer complicated by peritonitis caused by r. radiobacter in a healthy adult, which was treated successfully wi ... | 2014 | 24116854 |
| antitumor characterization of various fractions of launaea procumbens. | the antitumor activity of various six fractions of launaea procumbens were studied using the potato disk bioassay technique. three concentrations (10, 100, and 1000 ppm) of all these six fractions were used for characterization of antitumor activity. among these fractions, methanolic fraction exhibited significant inhibition of crown gall tumors caused by agrobacterium tumefaciens followed by butanolic fraction. these results revealed that methanolic and butanolic fractions contain bioactive con ... | 2016 | 24097358 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of promising oil-bearing marine algae parachlorella kessleri. | parachlorella kessleri is a unicellular alga which grows in fresh as well as marine water and is commercially important as biomass/lipid feedstock and in bioremediation. the present study describes the successful transformation of marine p. kessleri with the help of agrobacterium tumefaciens. transformed marine p. kessleri was able to tolerate more than 10 mg l(-1) hygromycin concentration. co-cultivation conditions were modulated to allow the simultaneous growth of both marine p. kessleri and a ... | 2013 | 24097049 |
| the involvement of β-amyrin 28-oxidase (cyp716a52v2) in oleanane-type ginsenoside biosynthesis in panax ginseng. | panax species are the most popular medicinal herbs. the root of these plants contains pharmacologically active triterpene saponins, also known as ginsenosides, compounds that are divided into dammarane- and oleanane-type triterpenes. two cyp716a subfamily genes (cyp716a47 and cyp716a53v2) were recently characterized, encoding an enzyme catalyzing the hydroxylation of dammarane-type triterpenes in panax ginseng. herein, we report that one cyp716a subfamily gene (cyp716a52v2) isolated from p. gins ... | 2013 | 24092881 |
| genome sequence of the quorum-sensing-signal-producing nonpathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens strain p4. | agrobacterium tumefaciens p4 is a quorum-sensing-signal-producing bacterium that has been isolated from the tobacco rhizosphere. this strain belongs to genomospecies 1 of the a. tumefaciens complex; it is avirulent on various putative host plants, devoid of the ti plasmid, and contains a luxi homolog on the at plasmid. | 2013 | 24092790 |
| biological activity of the tzs gene of nopaline agrobacterium tumefaciens gv3101 in plant regeneration and genetic transformation. | agrobacterium tumefaciens has been widely used in plant genetic transformation. hormone-encoding genes residing in the t-dna region have been removed, resulting in disarmed agrobacterium strains that are used in various transformation experiments. nopaline agrobacterium strains, however, carry another hormone gene, trans-zeatin synthesizing (tzs), that codes for trans-zeatin in the virulence region of the tumor-inducing plasmids. we investigated the activity and function of the tzs gene of a nop ... | 2013 | 24088018 |
| an improved plant regeneration and agrobacterium - mediated transformation of red pepper (capsicum annuum l.). | capsicum annuum (red pepper) is an important spice cum vegetable crop in tropical and subtropical countries. here, we report an effective and reproducible auxin free regeneration method for six different red pepper cultivars (aca-10, kashi anmol, lca-235, pbc-535, pusa jwala and supper) using hypocotyl explants and an efficient agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol. the explants (hypocotyls, cotyledonary leaves and leaf discs) collected from axenic seedlings of six red pepper cultivars ... | 2012 | 24082498 |
| brachypodium sylvaticum, a model for perennial grasses: transformation and inbred line development. | perennial species offer significant advantages as crops including reduced soil erosion, lower energy inputs after the first year, deeper root systems that access more soil moisture, and decreased fertilizer inputs due to the remobilization of nutrients at the end of the growing season. these advantages are particularly relevant for emerging biomass crops and it is projected that perennial grasses will be among the most important dedicated biomass crops. the advantages offered by perennial crops ... | 2013 | 24073248 |
| an orange fluorescent protein tagging system for real-time pollen tracking. | monitoring gene flow could be important for future transgenic crops, such as those producing plant-made-pharmaceuticals (pmps) in open field production. a nicotiana hybrid (nicotiana. tabacum × nicotiana glauca) shows limited male fertility and could be used as a bioconfined pmp platform. effective assessment of gene flow from these plants is augmented with methods that utilize fluorescent proteins for transgenic pollen identification. | 2013 | 24070251 |
| retraction: agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and efficient regeneration of a timber yielding plant dalbergia sissoo roxb. | | 2013 | 24068859 |
| [study on human afgf fusion gene transformation with soybean 24 kda oleosin and expression in safflower]. | to investigate the expression of acidic fibroblast growth factor (afgf) in transgenic safflower and lay the foundation for the use of the plant bioreactor large-scale production afgf. | 2013 | 24066580 |
| development of transgenic papaya through agrobacterium-mediated transformation. | transgenic papaya plants were regenerated from hypocotyls and immature zygotic embryo after cocultivation with agrobacterium tumefaciens lba-4404 carrying a binary plasmid vector system containing neomycin phosphotransferase (nptii) gene as the selectable marker and β-glucuronidase (gus) as the reporter gene. the explants were co-cultivated with agrobacterium tumefaciens on regeneration medium containing 500 mg/l carbenicillin + 200 mg/l cefotaxime for one week. the cocultivated explants were tr ... | 2013 | 24066284 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of the taxol-producing endophytic fungus ozonium sp efy21. | an efficient agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation method was successfully established for a newly isolated taxol-producing fungus, ozonium sp efy21. a specific hygromycin b resistance expression vector, pcambia1304'an7-1, was constructed for fungal transformation. key factors affecting transformation efficiency were thoroughly investigated and optimized. pcr amplification and southern hybridization were used to verify the transformation events. this study should pave the way ... | 2013 | 24065647 |
| trans-kingdom horizontal dna transfer from bacteria to yeast is highly plastic due to natural polymorphisms in auxiliary nonessential recipient genes. | with the rapid accumulation of genomic information from various eukaryotes in the last decade, genes proposed to have been derived from recent horizontal gene transfer (hgt) events have been reported even in non-phagotrophic unicellular and multicellular organisms, but the molecular pathways underlying hgt remain to be explained. the development of in vitro hgt detection systems, which permit the molecular and genetic analyses of donor and recipient organisms and quantify hgt, are helpful in ord ... | 2013 | 24058593 |
| generation and characterization of arabidopsis t-dna insertion mutants. | transfer dna (t-dna) insertion mutants are often used in forward and reverse genetics to reveal the molecular mechanisms of a particular biological process in plants. to generate t-dna insertion mutants, t-dna must be inserted randomly in the genome through transformation mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens. during generation of a t-dna insertion mutant, agrobacterium competent cells are first prepared and plasmids containing the t-dna introduced into agrobacterium cells. agrobacterium contain ... | 2014 | 24057370 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transient transformation of arabidopsis thaliana leaves. | transient assays provide a convenient alternative to stable transformation. compared to the generation of stably transformed plants, agroinfiltration is more rapid, and samples can be analyzed a few days after inoculation. nevertheless, at difference of tobacco and other plant species, arabidopsis thaliana remains recalcitrant to routine transient assays. in this chapter, we describe a transient expression assay using simple infiltration of intact arabidopsis leaves with agrobacterium tumefacien ... | 2014 | 24057365 |
| antitumour and antioxidant potential of some selected pakistani honeys. | antitumour potential of honey is attributed to its excellent antioxidant activity which in turn depends on the geographical origin. the present study focuses on exploration of antioxidant and antitumour potential as well as total phenolic contents (tpc) of 58 pakistani honeys involving spectrochemical techniques and potato disk assay. agrobacterium tumefaciens was used to induce tumours in potato disks. all analysed honey samples exhibited 1.33±0.00-155.16±0.98mg/100g of tpc, 50% 2,2-diphenyl pi ... | 2014 | 24054252 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the white-rot fungus physisporinus vitreus. | the biotechnologically important white-rot fungus physisporinus vitreus was co-cultivated with agrobacterium tumefaciens agl-1 carrying plasmids with nourseothricin resistance as the selectable marker gene and red fluorescence protein as a visual marker. mitotically stable transformed isolates were obtained showing red fluorescence protein activity. | 2013 | 24050950 |
| vea and laea transcriptional factors regulate ochratoxin a biosynthesis in aspergillus carbonarius. | ochratoxin a (ota) is a mycotoxin with nephrotoxic, teratogenic and immunotoxic properties which represents a serious risk for human and animal health. aspergillus carbonarius is considered the main ota-producing species in grapes and products such as raisins, wine or juices, although it has also been isolated from coffee, cocoa and cereals. till now not much information is available about regulatory mechanisms of ota production by a. carbonarius. a better understanding of how environmental fact ... | 2013 | 24041999 |
| tropaeolum tops tobacco - simple and efficient transgene expression in the order brassicales. | transient expression systems are valuable tools in molecular biology. agrobacterial infiltration of leaves is well-established in tobacco, but has led to limited success in the model plant arabidopsis thaliana. an efficient expression system combining the advantages of arabidopsis (well-characterised) and the simplicity of leaf infiltration is desirable. here, i describe agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of tropaeolummajus (nasturtium, order brassicales) as a remarkably simple, c ... | 2013 | 24039923 |
| new bacteriocin from bacillus clausii straingm17: purification, characterization, and biological activity. | a bacteriocin-producing strain (9,000 au/ml) was isolated from the rhizosphere of algerian healthy plants ononis angustissima lam. and identified as bacillus clausii strain gm17. the bacteriocin, called bac-gm17, was purified from the culture supernatant after heat treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation, sephadex g-50 chromatography and mono q fast-performance liquid chromatography (fplc). based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry analysis, the puri ... | 2013 | 24037515 |
| high-level extracellular production of d-psicose-3-epimerase with recombinant escherichia coli by a two-stage glycerol feeding approach. | the aim of this study is to achieve high-level extracellular production of d-psicose-3-epimerase (dpe) with recombinant escherichia coli. high-level production of dpe is one of the key factors in d-psicose production. in the present study, the gene aal45544.1 from agrobacterium tumefaciens str. c58 was modified by artificial synthesis for overexpression in e. coli. the total dpe activity reached 3.96 u ml(-1) after optimization of the media composition, induction temperature, and concentration o ... | 2013 | 24037040 |
| indole inhibits bacterial quorum sensing signal transmission by interfering with quorum sensing regulator folding. | quorum sensing (qs)-dependent biofilm formation and motility were controlled by aqsr in acinetobacter oleivorans dr1. qs-controlled phenotypes appeared to be inhibited by indole and the aqsr mutant had the same phenotypes. we demonstrated that the turnover rate of aqsr became more rapid without the n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) signal, and that indole could increase the expression of many protease and chaperone proteins. the addition of exogenous indole decreased the expression of two aqsr-targ ... | 2013 | 24025605 |
| construction of an engineering strain producing high yields of α-transglucosidase via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of asperillus niger. | in this study, agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) was used in breeding industrial strains for the purpose of improving α-transglucosidase production. firstly, an efficient atmt system for asperillus niger was established by optimization of several influencing factors, in which transformation efficiency was improved up to 14-fold compared with the initial conditions. furthermore, binary vector pbi-glu containing an α-transglucosidase expression cassette was constructed and t ... | 2013 | 24018680 |
| [analytical methods for control of foodstuffs made from bioengineered plants]. | foodstuffs made by modern biotechnology are requiring for special control. analytical methods used for these purposes are being constantly perfected. when choosing a strategy for the analysis, several factors have to be assessed: specificity, sensitivity, practically of the method and time efficiency. to date, the gmo testing methods are mainly based on the inserted dna sequences and newly produced proteins in gmos. protein detection methods are based mainly on elisa. the specific detection of a ... | 2013 | 24006752 |
| increased 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity enhances agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene delivery into plant cells. | agrobacterium-mediated transformation is a useful tool for the genetic modification in plants, although its efficiency is low for several plant species. agrobacterium-mediated transformation has three major steps in laboratory-controlled experiments: the delivery of t-dna into plant cells, the selection of transformed plant cells, and the regeneration of whole plants from the selected cells. each of these steps must be optimized to improve the efficiency of agrobacterium-mediated plant transform ... | 2013 | 24000136 |
| demonstration of crispr/cas9/sgrna-mediated targeted gene modification in arabidopsis, tobacco, sorghum and rice. | the type ii crispr/cas system from streptococcus pyogenes and its simplified derivative, the cas9/single guide rna (sgrna) system, have emerged as potent new tools for targeted gene knockout in bacteria, yeast, fruit fly, zebrafish and human cells. here, we describe adaptations of these systems leading to successful expression of the cas9/sgrna system in two dicot plant species, arabidopsis and tobacco, and two monocot crop species, rice and sorghum. agrobacterium tumefaciens was used for delive ... | 2013 | 23999092 |
| transient gene expression in medicago truncatula leaves via agroinfiltration. | transient expression is a powerful method for the functional characterization of genes. in this chapter, we outline a protocol for the transient expression of constructs in medicago truncatula leaves using agrobacterium tumefaciens infiltration. using quantitative real-time pcr we demonstrate that the infiltration of a construct containing the legume anthocyanin production 1 (lap1) transcription factor results in the strong upregulation of key biosynthetic genes and the accumulation of anthocyan ... | 2013 | 23996318 |
| stable transformation of medicago truncatula cv. jemalong for gene analysis using agrobacterium tumefaciens. | medicago truncatula is a model legume that has all the genomic resources to be suitable as a model for functional genomics. transformation to produce transgenic plants is part of this toolkit, enabling a spectrum of approaches to study gene function: including knockdown, overexpression, reporter genes for gene expression, and proteins tagged with fluorescent proteins such as gfp. a special genetic line is necessary for transformation and jemalong 2ha derived from cv. jemalong is used in the meth ... | 2013 | 23996317 |
| efficient gene targeting in penicillium chrysogenum using novel agrobacterium-mediated transformation approaches. | the industrial production of β-lactam antibiotics by penicillium chrysogenum has increased tremendously over the last decades, however, further optimization via classical strain and process improvement has reached its limits. the availability of the genome sequence provides new opportunities for directed strain improvement, but this requires the establishment of an efficient gene targeting (gt) system. recently, mutations affecting the non-homologous end joining (nhej) pathway were shown to incr ... | 2013 | 23994321 |
| molecular tools for functional genomics in filamentous fungi: recent advances and new strategies. | advances in genetic transformation techniques have made important contributions to molecular genetics. various molecular tools and strategies have been developed for functional genomic analysis of filamentous fungi since the first dna transformation was successfully achieved in neurospora crassa in 1973. increasing amounts of genomic data regarding filamentous fungi are continuously reported and large-scale functional studies have become common in a wide range of fungal species. in this review, ... | 2013 | 23988676 |
| antitumor, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies of substituted pyridylguanidines. | a series of n-pivaloyl-n'-(alkyl/aryl)-n''-pyridylguanidine of general formula c₄h₉conhc(nr¹r²)npy have been synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, ft-ir, multinuclear nmr spectroscopy, and in the case of compounds 7 and 11, by single crystal x-ray diffraction (xrd). the synthesized guanidines were tested for antitumor activities against potato tumor, and showed excellent inhibition against agrobacterium tumefaciens (at10)-induced tumor. the antioxidant and antimicrobial activit ... | 2013 | 23985956 |
| genetic transformation in citrus. | citrus is one of the world's important fruit crops. recently, citrus molecular genetics and biotechnology work have been accelerated in the world. genetic transformation, a biotechnological tool, allows the release of improved cultivars with desirable characteristics in a shorter period of time and therefore may be useful in citrus breeding programs. citrus transformation has now been achieved in a number of laboratories by various methods. agrobacterium tumefaciens is used mainly in citrus tran ... | 2013 | 23983635 |
| live-cell imaging of microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins in arabidopsis thaliana. | microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins (maps) play fundamental roles in plant growth and morphogenesis. the ability to observe microtubules and maps in living cells using fluorescent protein fusions has propelled plant scientists forward and given them the opportunity to answer longstanding biological questions. in combination with the genetic resources available in the model plant arabidopsis thaliana, our mechanistic understanding of how the microtubule cytoskeleton affects plant lif ... | 2013 | 23973076 |
| functional analysis of autophagy genes via agrobacterium-mediated transformation in the vascular wilt fungus verticillium dahliae. | autophagy is a widely conserved intracellular process for degradation and recycling of proteins, organelles and cytoplasm in eukaryotic organisms and is now emerging as an important process in foliar infection by many plant pathogenic fungi. however, the role of autophagy in soil-borne fungal physiology and infection biology is poorly understood. here, we report the establishment of an agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) system and its application to investigate two autophag ... | 2013 | 23969251 |
| genome sequence of the quorum-quenching agrobacterium tumefaciens strain wrt31. | agrobacterium tumefaciens strain wrt31 is a quorum-sensing signal-degrading bacterium that has been isolated from the rhizosphere of tobacco plants. this strain belongs to a. tumefaciens genomovar g1, is avirulent on various putative host plants, devoid of ti plasmid, and contains the blcc gene encoding a gamma-butyrolactonase. | 2013 | 23969055 |
| genetic circuits that govern bisexual and unisexual reproduction in cryptococcus neoformans. | cryptococcus neoformans is a human fungal pathogen with a defined sexual cycle. nutrient-limiting conditions and pheromones induce a dimorphic transition from unicellular yeast to multicellular hyphae and the production of infectious spores. sexual reproduction involves cells of either opposite (bisexual) or one (unisexual) mating type. bisexual and unisexual reproduction are governed by shared components of the conserved pheromone-sensing cpk1 mapk signal transduction cascade and by mat2, the m ... | 2013 | 23966871 |
| optimization, validation, and application of a real-time pcr protocol for quantification of viable bacterial cells in municipal sewage sludge and biosolids using reporter genes and escherichia coli. | biosolids result from treatment of sewage sludge to meet jurisdictional standards, including pathogen reduction. once government regulations are met, materials can be applied to agricultural lands. culture-based methods are used to enumerate pathogen indicator microorganisms but may underestimate cell densities, which is partly due to bacteria existing in a viable but non-culturable physiological state. viable indicators can also be quantified by realtime polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) used wi ... | 2013 | 23958912 |
| inducible expression of p50 from tmv for increased resistance to bacterial crown gall disease in tobacco. | the dominant tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) resistance gene n induces a hypersensitive response upon tmv infection and protects tobacco against systemic spread of the virus. it has been proposed to change disease resistance specificity by reprogramming the expression of resistance genes or their corresponding avirulence genes. to reprogramme the resistance response of n towards bacterial pathogens, the helicase domain (p50) of the tmv replicase, the avirulence gene of n, was linked to synthetic prom ... | 2014 | 23955710 |
| response of chickpea genotypes to agrobacterium-mediated delivery of chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (cpcdv) genome and identification of resistance source. | chickpea stunt disease caused by chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (cpcdv) (genus mastrevirus, family geminiviridae) is the most important biotic stress affecting chickpea crops worldwide. a survey conducted on the incidence of stunt disease clearly revealed high incidence of the disease with severe symptom expression in both indigenous and imported genotypes. to manage the disease in a sustainable way, resistant genotypes need to be bred by adopting objective and precise assessment of the disease ... | 2013 | 23955474 |
| stable transformation of ferns using spores as targets: pteris vittata and ceratopteris thalictroides. | ferns (pteridophyta) are very important members of the plant kingdom that lag behind other taxa with regards to our understanding of their genetics, genomics, and molecular biology. we report here, to our knowledge, the first instance of stable transformation of fern with recovery of transgenic sporophytes. spores of the arsenic hyperaccumulating fern pteris vittata and tetraploid 'c-fern express' (ceratopteris thalictroides) were stably transformed by agrobacterium tumefaciens with constructs c ... | 2013 | 23933990 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of guignardia citricarpa: an efficient tool to gene transfer and random mutagenesis. | guignardia citricarpa is the causal agent of citrus black spot (cbs), an important disease in citriculture. due to the expressive value of this activity worldwide, especially in brazil, understanding more about the functioning of this fungus is of utmost relevance, making possible the elucidation of its infection mechanisms, and providing tools to control cbs. this work describes for the first time an efficient and successful methodology for genetic transformation of g. citricarpa mycelia, which ... | 2013 | 23931121 |
| purple-leaved ficus lyrata plants produced by overexpressing a grapevine vvmyba1 gene. | this study established an efficient method of regenerating plants of ficus lyrata and producing purple-leaved f. lyrata plants through genetic transformation using a vvmyba1 gene of grapevine. | 2013 | 23926030 |
| the selectable antibiotic marker, teta(c), increases pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility to the herbicide/superoxide generator, paraquat. | the presence of the widely used selectable antibiotic marker, teta(c), unexpectedly increased the sensitivity of pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 to the superoxide-generating herbicide, paraquat. a dna fragment spanning the first 99 amino acids of teta(c) was sufficient to confer paraquat sensitivity. the teta(c)-induced paraquat sensitive phenotype was observed in other gram-negative bacteria such as agrobacterium tumefaciens, salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium and xanthomonas campestris suggestin ... | 2013 | 23907582 |
| silencing agrobacterium oncogenes in transgenic grapevine results in strain-specific crown gall resistance. | grapevine rootstock transformed with an agrobacterium oncogene-silencing transgene was resistant to certain agrobacterium strains but sensitive to others. thus, genetic diversity of agrobacterium oncogenes may limit engineering crown gall resistance. | 2013 | 23903949 |
| identification and characterization of the biochemical function of agrobacterium t-complex-recruiting protein atu5117. | atu5117 from agrobacterium tumefaciens is a highly conserved protein with a putative nucleotidyltransferase domain in its n-terminal region and a putative higher eukaryotes and prokaryotes nucleotide-binding domain in its c-terminal region. this protein has been shown to be a t-complex-recruiting protein that can recruit t-complex from the cytosol to the polar virb/d4 type iv secretion system (t4ss). however, the biochemical function of atu5117 is still unknown. here, we show that atu5117 is a ( ... | 2013 | 23902381 |
| norway spruce (picea abies) genetic transformation with modified cry3a gene of bacillus thuringiensis. | modified versions of the cry3a gene of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) were transferred into norway spruce (picea abies). both the biolistic approach and agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated procedure were employed for transformation of embryogenic tissue (et) cultures. the latter method proved to be more efficient yielding 70 transgenic embryogenic tissue lines compared with 18 lines obtained by biolistics. the modified cry3a genes were driven by a 35s promoter and the nptii screenable selection mark ... | 2013 | 23888296 |
| construction of a sonchus yellow net virus minireplicon: a step toward reverse genetic analysis of plant negative-strand rna viruses. | reverse genetic analyses of negative-strand rna (nsr) viruses have provided enormous advances in our understanding of animal viruses over the past 20 years, but technical difficulties have hampered application to plant nsr viruses. to develop a reverse genetic approach for analysis of plant nsr viruses, we have engineered sonchus yellow net nucleorhabdovirus (synv) minireplicon (mr) reporter cassettes for agrobacterium tumefaciens expression in nicotiana benthamiana leaves. fluorescent reporter ... | 2013 | 23885070 |
| inhibition of pbgp43 expression may suggest that gp43 is a virulence factor in paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | glycoprotein gp43 is an immunodominant diagnostic antigen for paracoccidioidomycosis caused by paracoccidioides brasiliensis. it is abundantly secreted in isolates such as pb339. it is structurally related to beta-1,3-exoglucanases, however inactive. its function in fungal biology is unknown, but it elicits humoral, innate and protective cellular immune responses; it binds to extracellular matrix-associated proteins. in this study we applied an antisense rna (arna) technology and agrobacterium t ... | 2013 | 23874627 |
| regeneration and agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the apomictic species eulaliopsis binata. | protocols for regeneration and agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the apomictic species eulaliopsis binata were developed. initially, seeds of four genotypes of e. binata were incubated on a callus induction murashige and skoog (ms) basal medium supplemented with three concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d). it was found that 36.2 % of explants developed highly friable callus on medium containing 3.0 mg l(-1) 2,4-d. based on frequency of callus induction, the genotype nei ... | 2013 | 23873641 |
| ectopic localization of auxin and cytokinin in tobacco seedlings by the plant-oncogenic ak-6b gene of agrobacterium tumefaciens ake10. | the oncogenic 6b gene of agrobacterium tumefaciens induces a number of morphological and metabolic alterations in plants. although molecular functions associated with the 6b genes have been proposed, including auxin transport, sugar transport, transcriptional regulation, and mirna metabolism, so far an unequivocal conclusion has not been obtained. we investigated the association between auxin accumulation and tumor development of the tobacco seedlings expressing the ak-6b gene under the control ... | 2013 | 23873395 |
| the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter of the food yeast candida utilis strain nrrl y-660 is functional in agrobacterium tumefaciens. | the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter of the food yeast candida utilis strain nrrl y-660 was cloned to create a novel integrative vector for agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. the new binary vector harbors β-glucuronidase activity as reporter and kanamicin/geneticin resistance as selection marker. recombinant clones of a. tumefaciens show kanamycin resistance and high β-glucuronidase activity under the control of the c. utilis promoter. this finding can be explain ... | 2013 | 23873160 |
| transformation of ltp gene into brassica napus to enhance its resistance to sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | rapeseed (brassica napus l.) is one of the most important economic crops worldwide, and sclerotinia sclerotiorum is the most dangerous disease that affects its yield greatly. lipid transfer protein (ltp) has broad-spectrum anti-bacterial and fungal activities. in this study, b. napus was transformed using agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring the plasmid-containing ltp gene to study its possible capability of increasing plant's resistance. first, we optimized the petiole genetic transformation sys ... | 2013 | 23866620 |
| systematic dissection of the agrobacterium type vi secretion system reveals machinery and secreted components for subcomplex formation. | the type vi secretion system (t6ss) is widely distributed in pathogenic proteobacteria. sequence and structural analysis of t6ss reveals a resemblance to the t4 bacteriophage tail, in which an outer sheath structure contracts an internal tube for injecting nucleic acid into bacterial cells. however, the molecular details of how this phage tail-like t6ss structure is assembled in vivo and executed for exoprotein or effector secretion remain largely unknown. here, we used a systematic approach to ... | 2013 | 23861778 |
| plant biotechnology for food security and bioeconomy. | this year is a special year for plant biotechnology. it was 30 years ago, on january 18 1983, one of the most important dates in the history of plant biotechnology, that three independent groups described agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation at the miami winter symposium, leading to the production of normal, fertile transgenic plants (bevan et al. in nature 304:184-187, 1983; fraley et al. in proc natl acad sci usa 80:4803-4807, 1983; herrera-estrella et al. in embo j 2:987- ... | 2013 | 23860797 |
| homoserine catabolism by rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 3841 requires a plasmid-borne gene cluster that also affects competitiveness for nodulation. | homoserine represents a substantial component of pea root exudate that may be important for plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. we identified a gene cluster on plasmid prl8ji that is required for homoserine utilization by rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae. the genes are arranged as two divergently expressed predicted operons that were induced by l-homoserine, pea root exudate, and were expressed on pea roots. a mutation in gene prl80083 that prevented utilization of homoserine as a s ... | 2014 | 23859230 |
| metalloprotease genes of trichophyton mentagrophytes are important for pathogenicity. | metalloproteases (mep) of the m36 family are important virulence factors for the host invasion by the dermatophyte trichophyton mentagrophytes. dermatophytes secrete keratinase to degrade human and animal keratin and invade the skin. in previous studies, primers designed from the mep gene sequences of aspergillus fumigatus and a. oryzae were used to amplify the mep genes from t. mentagrophytes, and the five mep genes (mep1-mep5) were expressed. differences in the expression of these five mep gen ... | 2014 | 23859078 |
| the transformation of the photo-thermo sensitive genic male-sterile line 261s of rice via an expression vector containing the anti-waxy gene. | transgenic photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterility oryza sativa l. cv. "261s" plants with the anti-waxy gene were successfully obtained using an agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated co-transformation method. marker-free homozygous transgenic lines with the anti-waxy gene were obtained. the setting seed rates of the transgenic plants via self-pollination or via crossing with the restorer line wx99075 rice and the 1000-grain weight of the transgenic plants and the f2 hybrid seeds obtained by cro ... | 2013 | 23853508 |
| assessment of factors influencing the agrobacterium-mediated in planta seed transformation of brinjal (solanum melongena l.). | an efficient and reproducible in planta transformation method was developed for brinjal using seed as an explant. the brinjal seeds were infected with agrobacterium tumefaciens eha 105 harbouring pcambia 1301-bar plasmid, and the transformants were selected against basta®. several parameters influencing the in planta seed transformation such as pre-culture duration, acetosyringone concentration, surfactants, duration of sonication, vacuum pressure and vacuum duration have been evaluated. the put ... | 2013 | 23852797 |
| a genetic system for citrus tristeza virus using the non-natural host nicotiana benthamiana: an update. | in nature citrus tristeza virus (ctv), genus closterovirus, infects only the phloem cells of species of citrus and related genera. finding that the ctv t36 strain replicated in nicotiana benthamiana (nb) protoplasts and produced normal virions allowed development of the first genetic system based on protoplast transfection with rna transcribed from a full-genome cdna clone, a laborious and uncertain system requiring several months for each experiment. we developed a more efficient system based o ... | 2013 | 23847598 |
| genetic transformation of western clover (trifolium occidentale d. e. coombe.) as a model for functional genomics and transgene introgression in clonal pasture legume species. | western clover (trifolium occidentale) is a perennial herb with characteristics compatible for its development as an attractive model species for genomics studies relating to the forage legume, white clover (trifolium repens). its characteristics such as a small diploid genome, self-fertility and ancestral contribution of one of the genomes of t. repens, facilitates its use as a model for genetic analysis of plants transformed with legume or novel genes. | 2013 | 23841995 |
| protease inhibitor from insect silk-activities of derivatives expressed in vitro and in transgenic potato. | several recombinant derivatives of serine protease inhibitor called silk protease inhibitor 2 (spi2), which is a silk component in galleria mellonella (lepidoptera, insecta), were prepared in the expression vector pichia pastoris. both the native and the recombinant protease inhibitors were highly active against subtilisin and proteinase k. the synthetic spi2 gene with ala codon in the p1 position was fused with mgfp-5 to facilitate detection of the transgene and its protein product. a construct ... | 2013 | 23824530 |
| expression of verocytotoxic escherichia coli antigens in tobacco seeds and evaluation of gut immunity after oral administration in mouse model. | verocytotoxic escherichia (e.) coli strains are responsible for swine oedema disease, which is an enterotoxaemia that causes economic losses in the pig industry. the production of a vaccine for oral administration in transgenic seeds could be an efficient system to stimulate local immunity. this study was conducted to transform tobacco plants for the seed-specific expression of antigenic proteins from a porcine verocytotoxic e. coli strain. parameters related to an immunological response and pos ... | 2013 | 23820163 |
| central venous catheter infections in outpatients with pulmonary hypertension treated with continuous iloprost. | intravenous prostanoid therapy is one cornerstone of therapy for patients with pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension (ph). long-term central venous catheters expose patients to infectious complications. | 2013 | 23817035 |
| identification of virulence genes in the crucifer anthracnose fungus colletotrichum higginsianum by insertional mutagenesis. | to investigate the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying virulence of colletotrichum higginsianum on arabidopsis thaliana, a t-dna insertion mutant library of c. higginsianum, the causal agent of crucifer anthracnose, was established using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. among 875 transformants tested for virulence on arabidopsis, six mutants with altered virulence, including an appressorial melanin-deficient mutant t734, two mutants defective in penetration, t45 and b30 ... | 2013 | 23806215 |
| the role of fabg3 in fruit ripening and b. cinerea fungal infection of strawberry. | in plants, β-glucosidases (bg) have been implicated in developmental and pathogen defense, and are thought to take part in abscisic acid (aba) synthesis via hydrolysis of aba glucose ester to release active aba; however, there is no genetic evidence for the role of bg genes in ripening and biotic/abiotic stress in fruits. to clarify the role of bg genes in fruit, eight fa/fvbg genes encoding β-glucosidase were isolated using information from the genbank strawberry nucleotide database. of the fa/ ... | 2013 | 23802911 |
| taxol production by an endophytic fungus, fusarium redolens, isolated from himalayan yew. | different endophytic fungi isolated from himalayan yew plants were tested for their ability to produce taxol. the bapt gene (c-13 phenylpropanoid side chain-coa acetyl transferase) involved in the taxol biosynthetic pathway was used as a molecular marker to screen taxol-producing endophytic fungi. taxol extracted from fungal strain tbpj-b was identified by hplc and ms analysis. strain tbpj-b was identified as fusarium redolens based on the morphology and internal transcribed spacer region of nrd ... | 2013 | 23801250 |
| expression of shigella flexneri ipab gene in tobacco. | shigellosis is a leading cause of diarrhea in many developing countries and although the disease can be controlled and managed with antibiotics, the constant emergence of resistant species requiring ever newer antibacterial drugs make development of an effective vaccine necessary. the bacteria are highly contagious and since immunity to shigella is serotype-specific a multi-serotype vaccine is required for adequate protection. proteins encoded by shigella invasion plasmid, which are part of the ... | 2013 | 23799180 |
| improving the glycosyltransferase activity of agrobacterium tumefaciens glycogen synthase by fusion of n-terminal starch binding domains (sbds). | glycogen and starch, the major storage carbohydrate in most living organisms, result mainly from the action of starch or glycogen synthases (ss or gs, respectively, ec 2.4.1.21). ssiii from arabidopsis thaliana is an ss isoform with a particular modular organization: the c-terminal highly conserved glycosyltransferase domain is preceded by a unique specific region (ssiii-sd) which contains three in tandem starch binding domains (sbds, named d1, d2 and d3) characteristic of polysaccharide degradi ... | 2013 | 23796574 |