| antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteroides fragilis group organisms in hong kong by the tentative eucast disc diffusion method. | this study used a recently developed eucast disc diffusion method to measure the susceptibility of 741 b. fragilis group isolates to six antibiotics. isolates nonsusceptible to imipenem and metronidazole by the disc method were further investigated by e-test. species identification was obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms), pcr assays and 16s rrna sequencing. the most common species were b. fragilis (n = 424, including 81 division ... | 2017 | 28414107 |
| inactivation of marr gene homologs increases susceptibility to antimicrobials in bacteroides fragilis. | bacteroides fragilis is the strict anaerobic bacteria most commonly found in human infections, and has a high mortality rate. among other virulence factors, the remarkable ability to acquire resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents and to tolerate nanomolar concentrations of oxygen explains in part their success in causing infection and colonizing the mucosa. much attention has been given to genes related to multiple drug resistance derived from plasmids, integrons or transposon, but such ... | 2017 | 28847541 |
| corrigendum to: "bacteroides fragilis reca protein overexpression causes resistance to metronidazole." [res. microbiol. 161 (5) (2010) 346-354]. | | 2015 | 28843312 |
| nim gene-independent metronidazole-resistant bacteroides fragilis in surgical site infections. | background:bacteroides fragilis is the most common anaerobic pathogen isolated from surgical site infections (ssis). metronidazole resistance is increasing and the mechanisms of resistance are not clear in some isolates. the aim of the present study was to investigate the metronidazole susceptibility prevalence, and detect nim genes in b. fragilis isolates from ssis. methods: this study included 100 surgery patients with signs and symptoms indicative of ssis. syringe aspiration of the infected s ... | 2017 | 28840093 |
| septic abortion presenting as a right lower trapezius abscess secondary to bacteroides fragilis bacteraemia. | a 43-year-old japanese woman was evaluated in the outpatient department for right shoulder pain and fever, which began 5 days earlier. mri of the right shoulder revealed a high-intensity area deep in the right trapezius muscle. aspiration revealed purulent fluid, and gram staining of the fluid showed gram-negative bacilli. the patient was also found to be profoundly anaemic and to have a positive urine pregnancy test. on admission, we initiated intravenous ampicillin-sulbactam and aztreonam. she ... | 2017 | 28827296 |
| ontogenesis of the gut microbiota composition in healthy, full-term, vaginally born and breast-fed infants over the first 3 years of life: a quantitative bird's-eye view. | early-life intestinal microbiota development is crucial for host's long-term health and is influenced by many factors including gestational age, birth and feeding modes, birth environment, ethnic/geographical background, etc. however, 'quantitative' data on the actual population levels of gut bacterial communities when these influences are controlled for is relatively rare. herein, we demonstrate a quantitative perspective of microbiota development in natural and healthy milieus, i.e., in health ... | 2017 | 28785253 |
| determination of the mutation prevention concentration of imipenem for the two imipenem susceptible bacteroides fragilis strains q1f2 (cfia-positive) and atcc 25282 (cfia-negative). | | 2017 | 28782706 |
| a prospective randomised trial of isolated pathogens of surgical site infections (ssi). | every surgical wound is colonized by bacteria, but only a small percentage displays symptoms of infection. the distribution of pathogens isolated in surgical site infections has not significantly changed over the last decades. staph. aureus, coag(-) staphylococci, enterococcus spp and e. coli are the main strains appearing. in addition, a continuously rising proportion of surgical site infections caused by resistant bacterial species (mrsa, c. albicans) has been reported. | 2017 | 28761643 |
| detection of enterotoxin and protease genes among hungarian clinical bacteroides fragilis isolates. | bacteroides fragilis as a commensal bacterium is a member of the human intestinal flora, but as an opportunistic pathogen it can cause serious infections as well. some of them, harbouring an enterotoxin gene (bft), may cause diarrhoea mainly in young children. recently it has been shown that a member of c11 proteases called fragipain (fpn) can activate the enterotoxin, while c10 protease (bfp) is suspected of playing an important role in the invasiveness of the b. fragilis isolates. the objectiv ... | 2017 | 28754475 |
| anaerobic bacteria growth in the presence of cathelicidin ll-37 and selected ceragenins delivered as magnetic nanoparticles cargo. | cationic antibacterial peptides (caps) and synthetic molecules mimicking the amphiphilic structure of caps, such as ceragenins, are promising compounds for the development of new antimicrobials. | 2017 | 28747178 |
| secretory products of the human gi tract microbiome and their potential impact on alzheimer's disease (ad): detection of lipopolysaccharide (lps) in ad hippocampus. | although the potential contribution of the human gastrointestinal (gi) tract microbiome to human health, aging, and disease is becoming increasingly acknowledged, the molecular mechanics and signaling pathways of just how this is accomplished is not well-understood. major bacterial species of the gi tract, such as the abundant gram-negative bacilli bacteroides fragilis (b. fragilis) and escherichia coli (e. coli), secrete a remarkably complex array of pro-inflammatory neurotoxins which, when rel ... | 2017 | 28744452 |
| the association of type ii diabetes with gut microbiota composition. | it is known that type 2 diabetes (t2d) in humans could be linked to the composition of gut microbiota. the aim of this study was to evaluate three faecal bacterial species, including bacteroides fragilis, bifidobacterium longum and faecalibacterium prausnitzii in patients with t2d. this case control study included 18 patients with t2d and 18 matched persons without diabetes. the concentrations of b. fragilis, b. longum and f. prausnitzii were determined by quantitative real-time pcr. quantitativ ... | 2017 | 28739439 |
| orthopedic infections caused by obligatory anaerobic gram-negative rods: report of two cases. | anaerobic bone and joint infections are uncommon, although the number of anaerobic infections is presumably underestimated because of difficulties with isolation and identification of obligate anaerobes. this study describes two cases of complicated bacteroides fragilis peri-implant infection of the lumbar spine, infection of the hip and osteomyelitis. bacteria were identified with the use of a mass spectrometer, vitek ms system. drug susceptibility was performed with the use of e-test. the euca ... | 2017 | 28730548 |
| case of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis. | xanthogranulomatous inflammation is characterized by destruction of the tissues of the organ involved and replacement by chronic inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes, plasma cells, occasional neutrophils with or without multinucleated or touton giant cells. exact aetiology is not known but the theory of infection with organisms like proteus, e coli, and bacteroides fragilis is most popular. xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the female genital tract is not common and usually involves the endo ... | 2017 | 28712201 |
| effect of soy isoflavones on growth of representative bacterial species from the human gut. | the present work aimed to assess the susceptibility of dominant and representative bacterial populations from the human gut to isoflavones and their metabolites. to do so, the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of isoflavone glycosides, isoflavone aglycones, and equol to 37 bacterial strains was determined by broth microdilution. additionally, for 10 representative strains, growth curves, growth rate (μ), and optical density (od600 nm) of the cultures at 24 h were also determined. mics of da ... | 2017 | 28698467 |
| outer membrane vesicles secreted by pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteroides fragilis represent different metabolic activities. | numerous studies are devoted to the intestinal microbiota and intercellular communication maintaining homeostasis. in this regard, vesicles secreted by bacteria represent one of the most popular topics for research. for example, the outer membrane vesicles (omvs) of bacteroides fragilis play an important nutritional role with respect to other microorganisms and promote anti-inflammatory effects on immune cells. however, toxigenic b. fragilis (etbf) contributes to bowel disease, even causing colo ... | 2017 | 28694488 |
| bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin induces the formation of autophagosomes in endothelial cells but interferes their autophagosomal fusion with lysosomes for complete autophagic flux through a mitogen-activated protein kinase, ap-1, and c/ebp homologous protein-dependent pathway. | bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin (bft), a virulence factor of enterotoxigenic b. fragilis (etbf), plays an essential role in mucosal inflammation. although autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of diverse infectious diseases, little is known about autophagy in etbf infection. this study was conducted to investigate the role of bft in the autophagic process in endothelial cells (ecs). stimulation of human umbilical vein ecs (huvecs) with bft increased lc3-ii conversion from lc3-i and protein ... | 2017 | 28694294 |
| reactivity toward bifidobacterium longum and enterococcus hirae demonstrate robust cd8(+) t cell response and better prognosis in hbv-related hepatocellular carcinoma. | recent studies suggest that several bacterial species are involved in tumor immunosurveillance and antitumor immunity. the role of bacteria in immune responses in hbv-related hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) patients is still unknown. in this study, we examined the bacteria-reactive cd8(+) t cell response in patients with hbv-related hcc. we found that circulating cd8(+) t cells from healthy individuals demonstrated minimal or zero specificity toward a series of commensals and bacteria previously ... | 2017 | 28694023 |
| phosphonodifluoropyruvate is a mechanism-based inhibitor of phosphonopyruvate decarboxylase from bacteroides fragilis. | bacteroides fragilis, a human pathogen, helps in the formation of intra-abdominal abscesses and is involved in 90% of anaerobic peritoneal infections. phosphonopyruvate decarboxylase (pnpdc), a thiamin diphosphate (thdp)-dependent enzyme, plays a key role in the formation of 2-aminoethylphosphonate, a component of the cell wall of b. fragilis. as such pnpdc is a possible target for therapeutic intervention in this, and other phosphonate producing organisms. however, the enzyme is of more general ... | 2017 | 28693916 |
| gut microbiota in health, diverticular disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel diseases: time for microbial marker of gastrointestinal disorders? | few data exist on differences in gut microbiota composition among principal gastrointestinal (gi) diseases. we evaluated the differences in gut microbiota composition among uncomplicated diverticular disease (dd), irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) and inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd) patients. dd, ibs, and ibd patients along with healthy controls (ct) were enrolled in our italian gi outpatient clinic. stool samples were collected. microbiota composition was evaluated through a metagenomic gene-tar ... | 2017 | 28683448 |
| tlr2 and interleukin-10 are involved in bacteroides fragilis-mediated prevention of dss-induced colitis in gnotobiotic mice. | bacteroides fragilis (bf) are gram-negative anaerobe symbionts present in the colon. recent studies have reported the beneficial role of bf in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, stimulating host immunologic development, and preventing infectious colitis caused by pathogenic bacteria. our previous studies showed that monocolonization of germ-free mice with bf significantly reduced colon inflammations and damage. | 2017 | 28683149 |
| oral il-10 suppresses colon carcinogenesis via elimination of pathogeniccd4(+) t-cells and induction of antitumor cd8(+) t-cell activity. | an oral sustained-release formulation of interleukin-10 suppressed tumor growth and enhanced survival in the apc(min/+)/bacteroides fragilis spontaneous colon cancer model. therapeutic benefit was associated with a 5-fold reduction in cd4(+)rorγt(+)foxp3(-)il-17(+) t-helper cell, cd4(+)rorγt(+)foxp3(+)il-17(+) pathogenic t-regulatory cell and cd4(+)rorγt(-)foxp3(+)il-17(-) conventional t-regulatory cell numbers and a concurrent 2-fold enhancement in cd8(+) t-cell activity in the colon. selective ... | 2017 | 28680752 |
| corrigendum: interaction of bacteroides fragilis toxin with outer membrane vesicles reveals new mechanism of its secretion and delivery. | [this corrects the article on p. 2 in vol. 7, pmid: 28144586.]. | 2017 | 28670574 |
| extracellular vesicles in gastrointestinal cancer in conjunction with microbiota: on the border of kingdoms. | extracellular vesicle (ev) production is a universal feature of metazoan cells as well as prokaryotes (bmvs - bacterial microvesicles). they are small vesicles with phospholipid membrane carrying proteins, dna and different classes of rnas and are heavily involved in intercellular communication acting as vectors of information to target cells. for the last decade, the interest in ev research has exponentially increased though thorough studies of their roles in various pathologies that was not pr ... | 2017 | 28669749 |
| prevalences of antimicrobial resistance and the cfia resistance gene in danish bacteroides fragilis group isolates since 1973. | the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalences of resistance and the cfia carbapenemase-producing gene in historical bacteroides fragilis group isolates. | 2017 | 28666749 |
| the bacteroides fragilis pathogenicity island links virulence and strain competition. | the mature microbiome is a stable ecosystem that resists perturbation despite constant host exposure to exogenous microbes. however, the microbial mechanisms determining microbiome development and composition are poorly understood. we recently demonstrated that a non-toxigenic b. fragilis (ntbf) strain restricts enteric colonization by an enterotoxigenic (etbf) strain dependent on a type vi secretion system (t6ss). we show here that a second enterotoxigenic strain is competent to colonize, depen ... | 2017 | 28632016 |
| in vitro/ in vivo evaluation of the efficacy of gatifloxacine-loaded plga and hydroxyapatite composite for treating osteomyelitis. | molten 10 wt% gatifloxacine (glfx-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (plga) was introduced into three-dimensionally interconnected pores and onto the surfaces of hydroxyapatite (ha) granules. the composite granules exhibited clinically sufficient bactericidal activities against streptococcus milleri and bacteroides fragilis from 3 h to 10 days. the composite granules were implanted in bone defects created by debridement of osteomyelitis lesions in rabbit mandibles. after 4-week implantation, infl ... | 2017 | 28626206 |
| the effects of the lactobacillus casei strain on obesity in children: a pilot study. | there are few data regarding the role of probiotics as a dietary intervention in the management of obesity in children. an open prospective examination was conducted to clarify the effects of lactobacillus casei strain shirota (lcs)-containing beverages in obese children. we compared the intestinal microbiota and organic acid levels between 12 obese (average age, 10.8 years; body mass index (bmi) z score, 2.7±1.7) and 22 control children(average age, 8.5 years; bmi z score, 0.1±0.7), and pre- an ... | 2017 | 28618860 |
| tlr2-stimulating contaminants in glycoconjugate fractions prepared from bacteroides fragilis. | bacteroides fragilis is a member of the normal intestinal flora and is involved in host immunostimulation via tlr2. on the bacterial cell surface, glycoconjugates, such as lps and capsular polysaccharide a (psa), have been reported to participate in host immunostimulation via tlr2. previously, we identified a tlr2-stimulating lipoprotein in b. fragilis cells. in this study, we demonstrated that tlr2-stimulating principal molecules in glycoconjugate fractions prepared from b. fragilis are contami ... | 2017 | 28606014 |
| implementation of the new virtuo blood culture system: evaluation and comparison to the 3d system using simulated blood cultures. | to evaluate the performances of the newly approved bact/alert virtuo blood culture system for the recovery of bloodstream pathogens and compare it to the bact/alert 3d system. | 2017 | 28583022 |
| bioluminescence imaging to track bacteroides fragilis inhibition of vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in mice. | bacteroides fragilis is an anaerobic, gram-negative, commensal bacterium of the human gut. it plays an important role in promoting the maturation of the immune system, as well as suppressing abnormal inflammation. many recent studies have focused on the relationship between b. fragilis and human immunity, and indicate that b. fragilis has many useful probiotic effects. as inhibition of intestinal pathogens is an important characteristic of probiotic strains, this study examined whether b. fragil ... | 2017 | 28553617 |
| association between yogurt consumption and intestinal microbiota in healthy young adults differs by host gender. | human intestinal microbiota are influenced by various factors viz. diet, environment, age, gender, geographical, and socioeconomic situation, etc. among which diet has the most profound impact. however, studies investigating this impact have mostly included subjects from diverse geographic/socioeconomic backgrounds and hence the precise effects of dietary factors on gut microbiota composition remain largely confounded. herein, with an aim to evaluate the association between dietary habits, speci ... | 2017 | 28553274 |
| nimh, a novel nitroimidazole resistance gene contributing to metronidazole resistance in bacteroides fragilis. | | 2017 | 28535278 |
| the sialate o-acetylesterase esta from gut bacteroidetes species enables sialidase-mediated cross-species foraging of 9-o-acetylated sialoglycans. | the gut harbors many symbiotic, commensal, and pathogenic microbes that break down and metabolize host carbohydrates. sialic acids are prominent outermost carbohydrates on host glycoproteins called mucins and protect underlying glycan chains from enzymatic degradation. sialidases produced by some members of the colonic microbiota can promote the expansion of several potential pathogens (e.g. clostridium difficile, salmonella, and escherichia coli) that do not produce sialidases. o-acetyl ester m ... | 2017 | 28526748 |
| gut dysbiosis following c-section instigates higher colonisation of toxigenic clostridium perfringens in infants. | herein we investigated the intestinal carriage of α-toxigenic and enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens during infancy, focusing on its association with other gut microbes and mode of delivery and feeding. faecal samples from 89 healthy term infants were collected at age 7 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 3 years. c. perfringens was quantified by qpcr; other gut bacteria were quantified by reverse-transcription-qpcr. alpha-toxigenic c. perfringens was detected in 3.4% infants at day 7 but ... | 2017 | 28504574 |
| optimization of cord blood unit sterility testing: impact of dilution, analysis delay, and inhibitory substances. | different methods are used by cord blood banks to prepare samples for sterility testing. suboptimal methods can result in the release of contaminated products. in our organization, samples are prepared by diluting the final product in rpmi-1640 medium. in this work, we have compared our method with different approaches to verify whether optimization should be sought. | 2017 | 28474347 |
| [effect of silver nanoparticles on anaerobic bacteria]. | the aim was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles on anaerobic bacteria. | 2017 | 28467592 |
| role of dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv mutations in fluoroquinolone resistance of capnocytophaga spp. clinical isolates and laboratory mutants. | capnocytophaga spp. are often reported to cause bacteraemia and extra-oral infections and are characterized by their significant contribution to resistance to β-lactam and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin antibiotics in the human oral microbiota. the implication of mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr) of dna gyrase a and b ( gyra and gyrb ) and topoisomerase iv ( parc and pare ) of fluoroquinolone (fq)-resistant capnocytophaga spp., hitherto unknown, was explored in ... | 2017 | 28453633 |
| antimicrobial resistance in the bacteroides fragilis group in faecal samples from patients receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics. | members of the bacteroides fragilis group are opportunistic pathogens and cause severe infections including bacteraemia. as increased levels of antimicrobial resistance in b. fragilis group bacteria can be detected years after administration of specific antibiotics, monitoring antimicrobial susceptibility in the gut microbiota could be important. the objectives of this study were to 1) investigate the distribution of species and the occurrence of reduced antimicrobial susceptibility in the b. fr ... | 2017 | 28445776 |
| comparative antimicrobial efficacy of selected root canal irrigants on commonly isolated microorganisms in endodontic infection. | this study aims to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of three selected root canal irrigants (biopure mtad, metronidazole, aztreonam) against microbes commonly isolated from polymicrobial microbiota of root canal infection. | 2017 | 28435359 |
| evaluation of the routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of clinically significant anaerobic bacteria in a slovenian tertiary-care hospital in 2015. | the aim of our study was to determined antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 2673 clinically significant anaerobic bacteria belonging to the major genera, isolated in 2015 in a large tertiary-care hospital in slovenia. the species identification was performed by maldi-tof mass spectrometry. antimicrobial susceptibility was determined immediately at the isolation of the strains against: penicillin, co-amoxiclav, imipenem, clindamycin and metronidazole, using gradient diffusion methodology and ... | 2017 | 28433670 |
| azathioprine, mercaptopurine, and 5-aminosalicylic acid affect the growth of ibd-associated campylobacter species and other enteric microbes. | campylobacter concisus is a bacterium that is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). immunosuppressive drugs including azathioprine (aza) and mercaptopurine (mp), and anti-inflammatory drug such as 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-asa) are commonly used to treat patients with ibd. this study aimed to examine the effects of aza, mp, and 5-asa on the growth of ibd-associated bacterial species and to identify bacterial enzymes involved in immunosuppressive drug metabolism. a total of 15 bacteria ... | 2017 | 28424670 |
| what the eyes don't see, the heart does grieve over. | a 71 year old peruvian woman presented with blurry vision and bilateral eye pain and had evidence of bilateral endophthalmitis on eye examination. her past medical history was notable for multiple abdominal surgeries within the preceding months, including an incarcerated inguinal hernia repair which required an ileostomy placement, and cholecystitis requiring cholecystostomy tube placement. over her multiple long hospitalizations, she developed bacteremia and fungemia on several occasions, with ... | 2017 | 28414678 |
| anaerobic utilization of fe(iii)-xenosiderophores among bacteroides species and the distinct assimilation of fe(iii)-ferrichrome by bacteroides fragilis within the genus. | in this study, we show that bacteroides species utilize fe(iii)-xenosiderophores as the only source of exogenous iron to support growth under iron-limiting conditions in vitro anaerobically. bacteroides fragilis was the only species able to utilize fe(iii)-ferrichrome while bacteroides vulgatus atcc 8482 and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron vpi 5482 were able to utilize both fe(iii)-enterobactin and fe(iii)-salmochelin s4 as the only source of iron in a dose-dependent manner. we have investigated th ... | 2017 | 28397401 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens isolated from surgical site infections in japan: comparison of data from nationwide surveillance studies conducted in 2010 and 2014-2015. | a nationwide survey was conducted in japan from 2014 to 2015 to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens isolated from surgical site infections (ssi). the resulting data were compared with that obtained in an earlier survey, conducted in 2010. seven main organisms were collected, and 883 isolates were studied. a significant reduction in methicillin resistance was observed among staphylococcus aureus isolates, dropping from 72.5% in 2010 to 53.8% in 2014-2015 (p < 0.001). mrsa is ... | 2017 | 28391954 |
| noninvasive imaging of colitis using multispectral optoacoustic tomography. | currently, several noninvasive modalities, including mri and pet, are being investigated to identify early intestinal inflammation, longitudinally monitor disease status, or detect dysplastic changes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. here, we assess the applicability and utility of multispectral optoacoustic tomography (msot) in evaluating the presence and severity of colitis. methods: c57b/6 mice were untreated or treated with bacteroides fragilis and antibiotic-mediated depletion of ... | 2017 | 27908970 |
| imipenem/cilastatin : a reappraisal of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy. | imipenem is an antibacterial agent of the carbapenem class of β-lactams, with a very broad spectrum of activity that includes most gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens, aerobes and anaerobes, and with marked activity against species producing β-lactamases. it is coadministered with cilastatin, a renal dehydropeptidase inhibitor that prevents renal metabolism of imipenem. as initial monotherapy, imipenem/cilastatin provides effective and well-tolerated treatment of moderate to severe infecti ... | 1992 | 28634918 |