cystitis associated with chlamydial infection of the genital tract in male guinea pigs. | male guinea pigs were infected with the chlamydial agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) by intraurethral injection of chlamydiae or by placement of a drop of chlamydial suspension on the meatus of the extruded penis. transient urethritis and cystitis were observed in animals infected by either method. the production of cystitis by the drop-on technique indicated that chlamydiae are able to ascend the urethra and that the bladder may be a target organ of chlamydial infection. when ... | 1981 | 7292213 |
grand rounds: psittacosis. | | 1981 | 7293382 |
[comparative studies of buffalo green monkey (bgm) cells and mice for the isolation of chlamydia psittaci from avian droppings and organ samples]. | | 1981 | 7293558 |
attachment defect in mouse fibroblasts (l cells) persistently infected with chlamydia psittaci. | almost all the cells in populations of mouse fibroblasts (l cells) persistently infected with the 6bc strain of chlamydia psittaci were immune to superinfection with high multiplicities of c. psittaci, whether or not the l cells contained visible chlamydial inclusions. as ascertained by experiments with 14c-labeled c. psittaci, immunity to superinfection resulted from the failure of added chlamydiae to attach to persistently infected host cells. however, when exogenous c. psittaci was introduced ... | 1981 | 7298188 |
the incidence of chlamydia psittaci antibodies in patients with respiratory tract diseases. | the incidence of chlamydia psittaci infections in hamburg has been studied using the complement fixation test on 655 human sera collected from patients with respiratory tract diseases. of the 653 sera investigated, 78 (11.9%) showed antibody titers between 1:8 and 1:128. of the positive sera, 21 (16.9%) presented values of greater than or equal to 1:32. this infection is encountered more often in individuals over 21 years of age (15.9% to 23.4%) than in persons under 20 (0.8% to 6.0%). general p ... | 1981 | 7298201 |
[ornithosis after contact with wild birds]. | | 1981 | 7300521 |
localization of chlamydial group antigen in mccoy cell monolayers infected with chlamydia trachomatis or chlamydia psittaci. | chlamydial inclusions were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence (if) with antiserum to the chlamydial group antigen when mccoy cell monolayers infected with either chlamydia trachomatis or chlamydia psittaci were fixed in formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde, provided the monolayer was not allowed to dry. if these monolayers were then air dried and restained by if with the same antiserum but with a different fluorescence conjugate, group antigen associated with inclusion-containing mccoy cell ... | 1981 | 7309240 |
attachment of chlamydia psittaci to formaldehyde-fixed and unfixed l cells. | the attachment of chlamydia psittaci, strain 6bc, to formaldehyde-fixed and unfixed l cells was studied. cations were found to be required for attachment to both fixed and unfixed cells. the requirement for cations was largely eliminated when the net negative surface charge on fixed cells was reduced. a high concentration of sodium chloride (0.5 m) prevented binding and removed chlamydiae which were attached to fixed and unfixed cells, whereas non-ionic detergents had no effect on attachment of ... | 1981 | 7320701 |
infection of lambs by orally administered ovine abortion strain of chlamydia psittaci. | | 1981 | 7336547 |
keratoconjunctivitis of the koala, phascolarctos cinereus, caused by chlamydia psittaci. | chlamydia psittaci was cultured from 29 of 35 koalas (phascolarctos cinereus) with keratoconjunctivitis. the disease progressed from acute to chronic stages over some months, with a known duration of at least 2 years. one recovered carrier was found. up to 29% of koalas in some populations were clinically affected. a seasonal spread of infection was indicated by the high percentage of acutely affected cases found in summer. there was no evidence of susceptibility being related to age or sex. the ... | 1981 | 7338971 |
isolation of chlamydia psittaci from imported psittacine birds in japan. | | 1981 | 7339143 |
isolation of chlamydia psittaci from cats with conjunctivitis. | chlamydia psittaci was repeatedly demonstrated in stained smears of conjunctival scrapings from a group of cats in a single household and in 5 instances the organism was isolated by yolk sac inoculation of 6-day-old pathogen free, embryonated hen eggs. thirteen of 15 cats in the cattery developed conjunctivitis at various times over a 9-month period. the outstanding features of the disease were its severity, chronicity and refractoriness to treatment. prolonged (2 week) treatment with tetracycli ... | 1981 | 7342937 |
modifications of the envelope of chlamydia psittaci during its developmental cycle: freeze-fracture study of complementary replicas. | examination of complementary replicas obtained by freeze-fracture of chlamydia psittaci revealed, at the level of the plasma membrane, a progressive differentiation of "crate-like formations," which likely correspond to transmembranal pores. recognition of "early" and "late" stages observed in the intermediate bodies permitted detailed study of the developmental cycle of this chlamydia. | 1980 | 7364718 |
[human chlamydial infections (author's transl)]. | due either to chlamydia psittaci or to chlamydia trachomatis, chlamydial infections are transmitted to man directly or indirectly via birds or mammals. directly transmitted chlamydial infections may be located in the eye (trachoma, inclusion body conjunctivitis), the urogenital tract (above all urethritis but other sites are possible) or in the ent or respiratory systems (giving rise in particular to atypical pneumonias). reiter's syndrome (urethritis, conjunctivitis, polyarthritis, enterocoliti ... | 1980 | 7383904 |
[typing of ornithosis strains with species-specific antigens]. | species-specific antigens of three ornithosis strains of varying origin were isolated. these antigens were used in the complement-fixation test to study immune sera to different strains. the ornithosis strains studied were represented by three serotypes. to differentiate ornithosis from other chlamidia infections and for the preparation of diagnostic immune sera it is recommended to use species-specific antigens of serotype 3, while for vaccine production the corresponding strains should be used ... | 1980 | 7385796 |
fatal pulmonary psittacosis and aspergillosis. case report of dual infection. | a 59-year-old man in previously good health had acute, progressive bronchopneumonia and died after a three-week course of illness, despite treatment with various antibiotics. serologic, microbiologic, and histologic findings indicated infection with both chlamydia psittaci and aspergillus fumigatus. disseminated, invasive aspergillosis sometimes is a complication of chronic respiratory disease, malignancy, or other deficiency of host defenses, but to our knowledge, this is the first report of ps ... | 1980 | 7396594 |
a survey of the conjunctival flora of clinically normal cats and cats with conjunctivitis. | conjunctival swabs obtained from 39 cats with conjunctivitis and from 50 cats with clinically normal conjunctivae were cultured for bacteria, mycoplasmas, viruses and chlamydiae. non hemolytic streptococci and staphylococcus epidermidis were isolated from both groups, but b hemolytic streptococci, rhinotracheitis (feline herpes i) virus, mycoplasma felis and chlamydia psittaci were recovered only from cases of conjunctivitis. the isolation rate of microorganisms was low; only two of 50 normal an ... | 1980 | 7427854 |
chlamydia infection associated with peritonitis in a cat. | | 1980 | 7429923 |
prevalence of antichlamydial antibody in london blood donors. | the prevalence of type-specific antichlamydial antibody in a population of blood donors in london was studied using a microimmunofluorescence test. twenty-six (17%) of 150 women and 38 (26%) of 150 men had antichlamydial antibody (igg at greater than or equal to 1/16 or igm greater than or equal to 1/8 or both). of these, five (3%) women had one (0.75%) man had this antibody directed against chlamydia trachomatis serotypes d-k, responsible for genital infections, and one man had antibody to chla ... | 1980 | 7448582 |
clinical evaluation of immunity following experimental or natural infection of ewes with chlamydia psittaci (var. ovis). | the immunity conferred by a primary infection either experimental or natural was challenged at 70 days of pregnancy by intradermal inoculation of 8 x 10(7) virulent yolk sac propagated chlamydiae. the experimental primary infection was carried out, 19 months before at 70 days of pregnancy by intravenous inoculation (pi ewes). the natural primary infection was obtained 14 months before the challenge when the ewes (pcc ewes) were placed in contact with experimentally infected ewes. the response to ... | 1980 | 7458247 |
transmission of chlamydiae by the housefly. | the ability of the housefly to carry viable chlamydia trachomatis and to transmit a chlamydial ocular infection was studied under laboratory conditions. after feeding flies (musca domestica) on suspensions of egg yolk sac infected with c. trachomatis serotypes a or b (responsible for hyperendemic trachoma) the agents were reisolated from flies' intestines for up to 6 hours and from their legs and/or proboscises for up to 2 hours. it was found that the viability of chlamydiae is dependent on the ... | 1981 | 7459318 |
chlamydiae and inflammatory bowel disease. | no association was found between inflammatory bowel disease and infection with c. trachomatis or c. psittaci when patients were tested for the presence of these organisms using immunohistological, cell culture isolation, and serological techniques. | 1981 | 7461473 |
experimental chlamydial salpingitis in the guinea pig. | acute self-limited salpingitis developed when guinea pigs' fallopian tubes were infected with the guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis agent (chlamydia psittaci). the disease peaked at approximately 8 days post infection and had diminished markedly by day 14. the inflammatory reaction was concentrated at the luminal surface. chlamydial replication was demonstrated and inclusions were found in epithelial cells. | 1980 | 7468681 |
chlamydia psittaci infection in lines of mice with high or low antibody responses. | biozzi's high (h) and low (l) antibody producer mice were i.v. infected with a suspension containing 10(4)/ml viable c. psittaci organisms. h mice humoral anti-chlamydia response was much higher than that of l mice. l mice natural resistance to infection with live chlamydia was higher than that of h mice. since the two lines exhibit inverse differences in b-cell and macrophage functions, but they are quite similar with regard to t-cell-mediated immunity, it would appear that macrophages play a m ... | 1980 | 7469387 |
immunity to chlamydial infections in mice--i. establishment of quantitative techniques. | | 1980 | 7471717 |
efficacy trials with tissue-culture grown, inactivated vaccines against chlamydial abortion in sheep. | vaccines containing inactivated, semi-purified antigen of ovine abortifacient chlamydia psittaci were prepared from tissue-culture grown harvests of two strains. these were evaluated for efficacy against experimentally reproduced enzootic abortion of ewes (eae), the protection index (pi) of each vaccine being calculated from three variables. trial 1 tested the adjuvants marcol 52/arlacel a, iscom matrix, novasomes and alhydrogel, each administered with a total antigen dose of 4 micrograms chlamy ... | 1995 | 7483786 |
neutralization of chlamydia psittaci with monoclonal antibodies. | neutralization of chlamydia (c.) psittaci avian strain p-1041 was examined in vitro using monoclonal antibodies (mabs). of the 10 mabs used, 6 were found to exhibit neutralizing capability. these include 3 against major outer membrane protein (momp), 1 against lipopolysaccharide (lps) and 2 against other protein molecules [90 kilodalton (kda) and 90/50 kda]. most neutralizing mabs were dependent on complement for efficient neutralization, while a strain-specific mab (2b5) against the 90 kda prot ... | 1993 | 7507199 |
isolation and characterization of a gene encoding a chlamydia pneumoniae 76-kilodalton protein containing a species-specific epitope. | chlamydia pneumoniae is a human respiratory pathogen. unlike the other two chlamydia species, no species-specific antigen has been defined for c. pneumoniae. an immunoreactive clone containing a 0.8-kb fragment was isolated from a c. pneumoniae (ar-39) genomic library by using anti-c. pneumoniae rabbit immune serum. by southern hybridization analysis of chromosomal digests of the different chlamydia spp., the 0.8-kb fragment was shown to react specifically with c. pneumoniae. subcloning of this ... | 1994 | 7509320 |
identification of subspecies- and serotype 1-specific epitopes on the 80- to 90-kilodalton protein region of chlamydia psittaci that may be useful for diagnosis of chlamydial induced abortion. | genus-, subspecies-, and serotype 1-specific antigens of chlamydia psittaci were characterized by immunoblot analysis, using monoclonal antibodies that recognize 2 c psittaci strains: ab7 isolated from an ewe that had aborted, and ib1 isolated from feces of a healthy ewe. genus-specific epitopes were detected on lipopolysaccharide, on a 47-kd protein, and on a 27- to 30-kd doublet. subspecies-specific epitopes were located on a 30-kd protein, and a 80- to 90-kd protein region was identified, whi ... | 1994 | 7517111 |
enzyme immunoassay with enhanced specificity for detection of antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis. | two different methods for preventing the binding of cross-reacting antibodies to the genus-reactive chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (lps) were used to improve the specificity of an enzyme immunoassay for the determination of antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis. coated elementary bodies were treated with either sodium periodate, to oxidize the antigenic sites of the lps, or triton x-100, to extract the lps. by using these new enzyme immunoassays, the standard enzyme immunoassay, and the whole inclu ... | 1994 | 7521355 |
immunoreactivity of the 60 kda cysteine-rich proteins of chlamydia trachomatis, chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia pneumoniae expressed in escherichia coli. | the 60 kda cysteine-rich proteins (crps) of chlamydia are developmentally regulated outer envelope proteins synthesized late in the chlamydial growth cycle. these proteins, found only on the extracellular infectious elementary bodies, elicit major antibody responses in chlamydial infection. we have cloned and expressed in escherichia coli the complete 60 kda crp genes from chlamydia trachomatis, c. psittaci and c. pneumoniae. the recombinant products were expressed as either 'native' proteins or ... | 1994 | 7522846 |
the genus-specific lipopolysaccharide epitope of chlamydia is assembled in c. psittaci and c. trachomatis by glycosyltransferases of low homology. | chlamydiae possess a genus-specific epitope that is located on the lipopolysaccharide (lps) and is composed of a 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (kdo) trisaccharide of the sequence alpha kdo-(2-->8)--alpha kdo-(2-->4)-alpha kdo. in chlamydia trachomatis, this trisaccharide is biosynthetically generated through the action of a multi-functional kdo-transferase encoded by the gene gsea. gsea of chlamydia psittaci 6bc was cloned and expressed in a rough mutant (re chemotype) of escherichia coli (st ... | 1993 | 7523826 |
dissociation of immune determinants of outer membrane proteins of chlamydia psittaci strain guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis. | chlamydia trachomatis is an important human pathogen. research to develop a chlamydia vaccine has focused on the major outer membrane protein (momp). determinants of this protein elicit serovar-specific neutralizing antibodies which are thought to play a critical role in protective immunity. momp-specific antibody responses are highly variable in the polymorphic population. genetic factors which might influence the momp-specific immune response are consequently of particular interest. the c. psi ... | 1994 | 7525489 |
architecture of the cell envelope of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | the cysteine-rich envelope proteins of the elementary body form of chlamydiae are thought to be located in the outer membrane on the basis of their insolubility in the weak anionic detergent n-lauryl sarcosinate (sarkosyl). we found, however, that the insolubility of the small (enva) and the large (envb) cysteine-rich proteins of chlamydia psittaci 6bc in sarkosyl is dependent on the maintenance of a supramolecular disulfide-cross-linked complex and is unlikely to be a valid indicator of outer m ... | 1995 | 7532170 |
potentiation of interferon-mediated inhibition of chlamydia infection by interleukin-1 in human macrophage cultures. | one mechanism by which interferons (ifns) can inhibit chlamydial infection is by the induction of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido), which restricts the availability of tryptophan, which is required for chlamydial growth. other immunomodulating agents, including interleukin-1 (il-1), can interact synergistically with ifns, resulting in increased ido activity in macrophages. the objectives of this study were to establish that il-1 can enhance ifn-mediated inhibition of chlamydial growt ... | 1995 | 7537250 |
influence of centrifugation on the infectivity of chlamydia pneumoniae iol-207. | the influence of centrifugation on the infectivity of chlamydia pneumoniae iol-207 was compared with seven serovars of c. trachomatis biovar trachoma, the three serovars of c. trachomatis biovar lymphogranuloma and four c. psittaci strains. prolonged centrifugation from 1 to 4 hours resulted in a 3-fold increase in the infectivity of c. pneumoniae and variable or no increase in the infectivity of the other chlamydia strains studied. these findings indicate that a 4 hour centrifugation of c. pneu ... | 1995 | 7553369 |
[clinico-epidemiological considerations of 30 cases of pulmonitis and pleuropulmonitis in childhood]. | the authors studied 30 children affected with pneumonia or pleuropneumonia. they point out some clinical and epidemiological features pertinent to the pathology examined. | 1995 | 7567645 |
[the correlation between psittacosis-ornithosis and the immune status in childhood: apropos 5 cases]. | the authors studied 5 children affected with a pneumopathy by chlamydia psittaci. they discuss the effects of a transitory immunodeficiency relative to nk cells in predisposing little patients to the infective disease. | 1995 | 7567646 |
chlamydia psittaci infections: a review with emphasis on avian chlamydiosis. | in the first part of this article the general characteristics of chlamydia psittaci namely the history, taxonomy, morphology, reproductive cycle, metabolism and genetics are reviewed. for the taxonomy in particular, a considerable amount of new information has become available in recent years, following the application of monoclonal antibodies and restriction enzymes. using these techniques isolates of chlamydia psittaci from birds have been subdivided in different serovars, a number of isolates ... | 1995 | 7571380 |
comparison of the gimenez staining method and antigen detection elisa with culture for detecting chlamydiae in birds. | | 1995 | 7578461 |
the crp operon of chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia pneumoniae. | one of the critical developmental events during the unique intracellular life cycle of chlamydiae is their differentiation from a metabolically active, replicative form or reticulate body (rb) to an infectious extracellular form of the organism (elementary body or eb). this process is characterized by the expression of two extraordinarily cysteine-rich envelope proteins of molecular masses 9 kda and 60 kda. we describe the molecular cloning and sequence determination of the 9 kda cysteine-rich p ... | 1995 | 7582008 |
tumor necrosis factor alpha activity in genital tract secretions of guinea pigs infected with chlamydiae. | previous studies using the guinea pig model of chlamydial genital infection demonstrated that primary infection is associated with a marked acute inflammatory response early on, while chronic inflammation appears later, at a time when the level of infection is reduced. challenge infections result primarily in a chronic inflammatory response. the stimuli that initiate inflammation and lead to tissue damage have not been defined. we investigated the possibility that tumor necrosis factors (tnfs) p ... | 1995 | 7591122 |
an oligomer of the major outer membrane protein of chlamydia psittaci is recognized by monoclonal antibodies which protect mice from abortion. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated against an ovine abortive strain of chlamydia psittaci. a plaque reduction assay was used to select 19 neutralizing antibodies which appeared to be heterogeneous in isotype, specificity, and recognized proteins. different neutralizing mabs were tested for their protective abilities against abortion in a pregnant-mouse model. all of the protective mabs selected had the same isotype, were serotype 1 specific, and recognized a protein of about 110 kda by ... | 1995 | 7591155 |
respiratory chlamydia: the management of an outbreak. | this investigation was undertaken in response to the occurrence of nine cases of respiratory chlamydial infection in 8 months within the district of dudley. all nine cases of respiratory chlamydia were due to chlamydia psittaci, not chlamydia pneumoniae. five cases had avian exposure, but no other aetiological factors were identified. faecal specimens were obtained from only two of the implicated birds and were negative. two local aviaries were identified as sources of implicated birds. the two ... | 1995 | 7597134 |
prevalence of chlamydia psittaci antibodies in healthy pet cats in britain. | | 1995 | 7610543 |
molecular identification of an avian strain of chlamydia psittaci causing severe keratoconjunctivitis in a bird fancier. | a healthy female bird fancier developed progressive follicular keratoconjunctivitis despite topical treatment with antibiotics and steroids. although bacterial, viral, and chlamydial cultures were negative, direct fluorescent antibody staining of conjunctival scrapings revealed chlamydial lipopolysaccharide; however, this procedure failed to detect the major outer membrane protein (momp) of chlamydia trachomatis. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) used with species-specific primers to the momp ... | 1995 | 7619997 |
interaction of outer envelope proteins of chlamydia psittaci gpic with the hela cell surface. | the chlamydial life cycle involves the intimate interaction of components of the infectious elementary body (eb) surface with receptors on the susceptible eukaryotic cell plasma membrane. we have developed an in vitro ligand binding assay system for the identification and characterization of detergent-extracted eb envelope proteins capable of binding to glutaraldehyde-fixed hela cell surfaces. with this assay, the developmentally regulated cysteine-rich envelope protein omp2 of chlamydia psittac ... | 1995 | 7642297 |
spontaneous change from overt to covert infection of chlamydia pecorum in cycloheximide-treated mouse mccoy cells. | some isolates of chlamydia pecorum from sheep feces failed to produce inclusions on passage in cycloheximide-treated monolayers, but chlamydiae could be recovered several weeks later. chlamydia psittaci from sheep abortions did not show this phenomenon. | 1995 | 7642316 |
usefulness of omp1 restriction mapping for avian chlamydia psittaci isolate differentiation. | sixty-five avian chlamydia psittaci isolates collected worldwide, including 27 previously characterized reference strains, were analysed by restriction mapping of the major outer membrane protein gene (omp1) obtained after dna amplification by pcr. they were compared to 2 ruminant isolates, a feline pneumonitis and a guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) isolate. according to their omp1 restriction patterns, avian strains were heterogeneous in that they exhibited 6 and 4 distinct patterns u ... | 1995 | 7652209 |
chlamydial psittacosis during pregnancy: a case report. | chlamydia psittaci infection typically causes a mild influenza-like illness in humans. however, during pregnancy, this disease may present with severe headache, hypoxemia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, hepatic dysfunction, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. limited reports of ovine-acquired psittacosis indicate appreciable maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. | 1995 | 7675399 |
characterization of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed at variable domain i of the major outer membrane protein of chlamydia trachomatis c-complex serovars. | a monoclonal antibody (mab), c10, that neutralized in vitro the infectivity of serovars c, i, j, and l3 (members of the c and c-related complexes) of chlamydia trachomatis was identified. of the 15 major serovars and the mouse pneumonitis strain of c. trachomatis, chlamydia psittaci, and chlamydia pneumoniae, which were used as nontreated and heat-treated (56 degrees c, 30 min) antigens in a dot blot assay, only serovars c, i, j, and l3 were recognized with both the native and treated antigens. ... | 1993 | 7681045 |
some aspects of the immune response of koalas (phascolarctos cinereus) and in vitro neutralization of chlamydia psittaci (koala strains). | western-blot analysis was used to study the reaction of koala antisera, two specific polyclonal antibodies and one monoclonal antibody, with chlamydial antigens in koalas infected with chlamydia psittaci. the koala sera recognized four c. psittaci surface antigens, corresponding to the major outer membrane protein (39.5 kda), 31 kda protein, 18 kda protein and lipopolysaccharide. the s25-23 lps specific monoclonal antibody inhibited chlamydial infection (55-67%) with both koala strains (type i a ... | 1993 | 7682465 |
chlamydial infection of the respiratory tract. | chlamydial infection of the human respiratory tract was first described over 100 years ago, when outbreaks of psittacosis were linked to imported pet birds. the causative organism was identified subsequently as chlamydia psittaci. however, c. pneumoniae, has also been recognised recently as an important cause of human respiratory tract infection. approximately 300 cases of human chlamydial respiratory tract infection are reported to cdsc each year, mainly in adults aged 15 to 44 years. a prospec ... | 1993 | 7693170 |
antigenic characterization of chlamydia pneumoniae isolated in hiroshima, japan. | the morphology and antigenic property of elementary bodies (ebs) of new chlamydia pneumoniae yk-41 strain isolated in hiroshima, japan, were compared with those of c. pneumoniae strains tw-183 and ar-39, c. trachomatis l2/434/bu strain and c. psittaci cal 10 and budgerigar-1 strains by sds-page and immunoblotting techniques. in spite of a clear difference in eb morphology between the yk-41 and the other c. pneumoniae strains used, protein profile of the yk-41 strain in sds-page was similar to th ... | 1993 | 7694051 |
[detection of chlamydia psittaci in vaginal discharge of cows: a necessary enlargement of bacteriologic diagnosis for the etiologic clarification of fertility disorders in the female cow]. | vaginal discharge from 119 dairy cows from 59 herds was examined bacteriologically, including application of the ideia chlamydia test, to detect genus-specific chlamydial lps-antigen. a putrid quality of specimens was closely correlated with isolation of actinomyces pyogenes (p < 0.001). the ideia was positive for 39 of 65 (60.0%) non-putrid specimens and for 16 of 54 (29.6%) putrid specimens; a non-putrid quality of specimens was closely correlated with the detection of chlamydial antigen (p < ... | 1994 | 7701862 |
elementary body agglutination for rapidly demonstrating chlamydial agglutinins in avian serum with emphasis on testing cockatiels. | the development and use of a stained chlamydial elementary body agglutination (eba) antigen for detecting antibody activity in avian sera is described. examples of serologic results on serum samples from various types of birds indicate the usefulness of eba, latex agglutination (la), and direct complement fixation (dcf) in diagnosing avian chlamydiosis. results of tests on 10 cockatiels examined in clinics indicate that a combination of serology, culture, and/or antigen-detection enzyme-linked i ... | 1994 | 7702517 |
fulminant psittacosis. | | 1995 | 7709005 |
development and evaluation of an indirect elisa to detect antibodies to abortion strains of chlamydia psittaci in sheep sera. | a novel indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies against abortion strains of chlamydia psittaci (c. psittaci) has been developed. the antigen used was chlamydial elementary bodies treated sequentially with n-lauroyl sarcosine and n-octyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside and finally solubilized with n-lauroyl sarcosine and dithiothreitol. treating the antigen with sodium periodate after coating of the plates increased the specificity for antibodies to abortion strains. the test was ... | 1995 | 7716879 |
antigenic diversity of ruminant chlamydia psittaci strains demonstrated by the indirect microimmunofluorescence test with monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced to find strain markers essential to the epidemiological study of chlamydial abortion of ruminants. their specificity was tested on 53 c. psittaci strains including 35 ruminant strains isolated mainly from abortion, belonging to serotype 1 and which are invasive in our mouse model (rodolakis et al., 1989), and 14 ruminant strains mostly intestinal, belonging to serotype 2 and non-invasive for mouse. one strain specific mab was obtained reacting only with ... | 1995 | 7740760 |
severe human psittacosis requiring artificial ventilation: case report and review. | severe respiratory failure is an uncommon manifestation of psittacosis. we describe a patient with psittacosis who developed severe respiratory failure and required artificial ventilation. we also review 11 cases reported in the english-language literature over the past 30 years. a history of exposure to birds was reported in 10 of 12 cases and remains the most significant risk factor. severe hypoxemia or renal impairment was associated with a poor prognosis. eight patients died of psittacosis o ... | 1995 | 7742452 |
the structures of oligosaccharide bisphosphates isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of a recombinant escherichia coli strain expressing the gene gsea [3-deoxy-d-manno-octulopyranosonic acid (kdo) transferase] of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | the lipopolysaccharide from the recombinant strain escherichia coli f515-140 containing the cloned gene gsea [3-deoxy-d-manno-octulopyranosonic acid (kdo) transferase] from chlamydia psittaci 6bc was isolated and sequentially de-o-acylated and de-n-acylated. the products were separated by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography into three fractions, two of which contained a single compound. their structures were elucidated by high-field nmr spectroscopy as alpha-kdo-(2-->4)-alpha-kdo-(2-- ... | 1995 | 7744029 |
hepatitis in farmed hatchling nile crocodiles (crocodylus niloticus) due to chlamydial infection. | an investigation into the cause of acute mortality in farmed hatchling crocodiles crocodylus niloticus led to the isolation of chlamydia from the livers of affected animals. prominent pathological finds were acute hepatitis with intracellular chlamydial colonies and generalized oedema. a chlamydia presumed to be c. psittaci was isolated from livers of affected hatchlings. mortality subsided after treatment with oxytetracycline. this disease is now recognized as being a major problem on crocodile ... | 1994 | 7745587 |
[hemorrhagic macular choroidopathy in young adults. apropos of a case]. | we report a case of haemorrhagic macular choroidopathy in young adult occurring in a 24-year-old woman. the aetiology of the affection remains unknown in europe, but many authors suggest arterial dissemination of an infectious agent may be involved, as in the american form. in the case described here, it could be chlamydia psittaci. | 1995 | 7759762 |
a complement-fixation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as an aid in the serological investigation of enzootic abortion in ewes. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which detects complement fixed in an antigen/antibody complex (cfelisa) was used to examine sera previously examined by the complement fixation test (cft) in an investigation of enzootic abortion in ewes (eae). the cfelisa was easy to perform and did not suffer from the many drawbacks of the cft. accepting a cft titre of > or = 32 to indicate infection, the cfelisa had a sensitivity of 98 per cent and a specificity of 100 per cent; the predictive value of a p ... | 1995 | 7761702 |
electrophoretic analysis of the major outer membrane protein of chlamydia psittaci reveals multimers which are recognized by protective monoclonal antibodies. | purified major outer membrane protein, detergent solubilized and reduced with dithiothreitol but not heated, gave an apparent molecular weight in sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide gels almost three times that observed for the heat-denatured sds-treated peptide. this is similar to the behavior of porin trimers from gram-negative bacteria. two protective monoclonal antibodies showed strong binding to the proposed trimer but not to denatured, monomeric major outer membrane protein. | 1995 | 7768628 |
recombinant ovine interferon gamma inhibits the multiplication of chlamydia psittaci in ovine cells. | the local production of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) in sheep in response to chlamydia psittaci was measured by cannulation of the efferent lymph duct draining the site of challenge inoculation. peak production of ifn-gamma (256 u/ml) was detected 24 h after challenge. based on these physiological data, functional studies were carried out in vitro to determine the effect of recombinant ovine (rov) ifn-gamma on the multiplication of c. psittaci in ovine fibroblasts. ifn-gamma inhibited the multip ... | 1995 | 7769147 |
cloning and characterization of a chlamydia psittaci gene coding for a protein localized in the inclusion membrane of infected cells. | chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria which occupy a non-acidified vacuole (the inclusion) throughout their developmental cycle. little is known about events leading to the establishment and maintenance of the chlamydial inclusion membrane. to identify chlamydial proteins which are unique to the intracellular phase of the life cycle, an expression library of chlamydia psittaci dna was screened with convalescent antisera from infected animals and hyperimmune antisera generated against fo ... | 1995 | 7783634 |
utility of complement fixation and microimmunofluorescence assays for detecting serologic responses in patients with clinically diagnosed psittacosis. | the serodiagnosis of human psittacosis was considerably improved by a microimmunofluorescence (mif) assay that uses selected strains of chlamydia psittaci, c. pneumoniae, and c. trachomatis as antigens. the 78 patients examined in the study were clinically diagnosed as having psittacosis on the basis of compatible clinical symptoms following exposure to sick birds. the conventional complement fixation (cf) test identified 36 patients, or 46% (36 of 78) of the total, as positive. antibody respons ... | 1994 | 7814477 |
[clinical and serological studies in six cases of chlamydial pneumonia]. | clinical and serological studies of chlamydial pneumonia were done in six patients (three men and three women). the other three patients had no avian contact and showed almost the same clinical symptom. acute infection with chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia pneumoniae were diagnosed in two patients and in one patient, respectively, by mfa. because in some cases chlamydia psittaci pneumonia and chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia are difficult to differentiate, it is necessary to use a test that allows ... | 1994 | 7815757 |
pneumonia in moorish tortoises (testudo graeca) associated with avian serovar a chlamydia psittaci. | | 1994 | 7817509 |
analysis of the amino sugar composition of chlamydia psittaci lipopolysaccharide. | | 1994 | 7817901 |
the evidence of circulation of some viruses in a great town of romania during the first half of 1992. | complex serological survey performed in the town b. during the first half of 1992 emphasized an active circulation of some respiratory viruses, especially of parainfluenza type 3 and 1, influenza subtypes a(h3n2) and a(h1n1), adeno and syncytial respiratory as well as of mycoplasma pneumoniae. less important was the frequence of antibodies against chlamydia psittaci, east equine, west nile and tick-borne encephalitis as well as parainfluenza type 2 and influenza type b viruses. | 1993 | 7826877 |
[treatment of community-acquired pneumonia by pristinamycin (pyostacine 500). results of a non comparative open study]. | activity of natural streptogramin (nsg) appears well adapted to pathogens responsible for cap. the goal of this multicenter pilot study was to bring first data about efficacy of nsg in treatment of cap. patients method: ten days of a nsg (1 gr b.i.d. or t.i.d.) regimen was administered to 46 hospitalized adult patients for cap defined with fever > 38 degrees c, respiratory symptoms and x-ray opacity. severely ill patients were excluded. a broncho-pulmonar sample (expectoration or trantracheal as ... | 1994 | 7839051 |
'atypical' bacteria are a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised adults. | to assess the proportion of cases of community-acquired pneumonia caused by 'atypical' bacteria, including the recently discovered chlamydia pneumoniae, and to compare the clinical, radiographic and laboratory features of patients with and without 'atypical' bacteria. | 1994 | 7839256 |
monoclonal antibody to a major outer membrane protein of feline chlamydia psittaci: antibody specificity and anti-idiotype antibody production. | a murine monoclonal antibody, f1-8, was developed against the purified major outer membrane protein (momp) of chlamydia psittaci feline pneumonitis (fpn). f1-8 showed a serotype-specific activity against intact fpn elementary bodies in a micro-immunofluorescence assay. in immunoblot, f1-8 reacted only with the fpn momp but did not react with the momps from other strains of c. psittaci and c. trachomatis. f1-8 neutralized fpn infectivity in l929 cell culture in a dose-dependent and complement ind ... | 1994 | 7839581 |
in vitro and in vivo activities of azithromycin, a new azalide antibiotic, against chlamydia. | the in vitro and in vivo activities of azithromycin against chlamydia were investigated. the mic of azithromycin for five standard strains of different species of chlamydia and six wild-type strains of chlamydia pneumoniae was 0.125 microgram/ml, which was superior to that of erythromycin but inferior to those of clarithromycin and minocycline. however, the therapeutic effect of a 7-day course of azithromycin at a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight administered orally once daily to mice with experi ... | 1994 | 7840560 |
detection of chlamydia psittaci (ovis) antigen in tissue sections and mccoy cells using streptavidin-biotin and the imagen staining method. | two procedures for identifying chlamydial antigen in infected mccoy cells and tissue sections are described. both the streptavidin-biotin method and the imagen test clearly detected chlamydial antigen in ovine placental tissue sections and in infected mccoy cells before they could be detected by conventional stains. the streptavidin-biotin method is lengthy, but specific and sensitive, and the slides can be kept indefinitely for later examination. by contrast, the imagen test is a single step pr ... | 1994 | 7850445 |
the lps localization might explain the lack of protection of lps-specific antibodies in abortion-causing chlamydia psittaci infections. | four monoclonal antibodies against chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (lps) were used to study their localization and distribution in the chlamydia psittaci ab7 abortion-causing strain by immunoelectron microscopy. a non-embedding technique on whole chlamydiae, together with a post-embedding technique on mccoy cells infected with the strain, were performed. immunogold labelling was observed on the surface of reticular bodies (rb), but not on elementary bodies (eb). immunolabelling was observed in ult ... | 1994 | 7871240 |
[a case report of psittacosis and chlamydial isolation from a patient]. | a 48-year-old female was seen at our hospital after having a severe fever of nearly 40 degrees c, for a period of 9 days. she complained of pain in the left side of her chest. an x-ray examination revealed a slight infiltration of the upper and middle lung fields. at this time, it was learned that the women's pet bird had recently died. this case was diagnosed as acute pneumonia due to psittacosis. therefore the administration of roxithromycin was started. after a few day her condition improved. ... | 1994 | 7876678 |
control of disease by selective iron depletion: a novel therapeutic strategy utilizing iron chelators. | recognition of the central role of iron in the generation of toxic, oxygen-derived species through the haber-weiss reaction, the ability of desferrioxamine (dfx) to prevent the damage associated with free radical generation in reperfusion injury, and its inhibitory effect on cell proliferation by inactivation of the iron dependent enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, resulted in an increasing number of studies exploring the novel therapeutic applications of iron chelating drugs: (a) animal models of ... | 1994 | 7881162 |
deviation of immune response to chlamydia psittaci outer membrane protein in lipopolysaccharide-hyporesponsive mice. | the outcome of infection is determined by both the quantity and the quality of an induced immune response. in particular, it has been demonstrated for selected pathogens that induction of th1 or th2 type helper t-cell subsets determines whether an immune response gives rise to protective immunity or disease-associated immunopathology. the nature of the antigen and the type of antigen-presenting cells recruited in the induction of a response are critical factors that influence the quality of the ... | 1995 | 7890400 |
molecular typing of chlamydia trachomatis by random amplification of polymorphic dna. | the random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) was used for epidemiological typing of chlamydia trachomatis strains. dna samples from 39 c. trachomatis, 1 c. pneumoniae and 2 c. psittaci strains were screened by the use of 4 single 10-mer primers. different and reproducible banding profiles were observed on agarose gel electrophoresis. no common profiles were recorded for strains from different chlamydia species. all c. trachomatis strains of trachoma biovar were distinguished from lymphogra ... | 1993 | 7902599 |
expression and translocation of the chlamydial major outer membrane protein in escherichia coli. | the entire gene encoding the major outer membrane protein (momp) from chlamydia psittaci strain gpic has been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. a tightly regulated t7 promoter is used to control expression of the protein in escherichia coli. upon induction of expression, the precursor (pre-momp) is synthesized in the cell. this is followed by the appearance of a lower molecular weight protein that comigrates with mature momp from chlamydial elementary bodies by both one-dimensional sodiu ... | 1993 | 7911969 |
taxonomic studies of rickettsiella, rickettsia, and chlamydia using genomic dna. | invertebrate pathogens of the genus rickettsiella (order rickettsiales) undergo a developmental cycle more characteristic of chlamydial organisms (order chlamydiales) than of typical rickettsiae. moreover, among recognized species of rickettsiella, there is considerable variation in host range and in the ultrastructure and development of the infectious stage, i.e., the elementary body. to begin an analysis of the taxonomic relationships of the invertebrate pathogens belonging to the genus ricket ... | 1994 | 7912708 |
role for cd8+ t cells in antichlamydial immunity defined by chlamydia-specific t-lymphocyte clones. | the role of cd8+ t cells in antichlamydial immunity was investigated in a murine model of chlamydial genital infection by using t-cell clones generated against the chlamydia trachomatis agent of mouse pneumonitis (mopn). two cd8+ t-cell clones tested (2.1f and 2.14-9) were chlamydia antigen specific and mhc restricted and reacted against mopn as well as the chlamydia psittaci agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis and c. trachomatis serovar e, suggesting the recognition of a genus-specific ... | 1994 | 7927806 |
characterization of lipoprotein enva in chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | the primary sequence of the small cysteine-rich protein (enva) of chlamydia psittaci 6bc has been shown to possess a potential lipid modification/signal peptidase ii-processing site, and the mature protein was labeled by a [3h]palmitic acid precursor. we further characterized the mature enva, showing that it lacks the n-terminal methionine of the primary peptide, is hydrophobic despite a peptide sequence that is predicted to be hydrophilic, and appears to be lipid modified at an n-terminal cyste ... | 1994 | 7928970 |
survey for selected diseases in nutria (myocastor coypus) from louisiana. | thirty-two trapper-caught nutria (myocastor coypus) from east baton rouge, iberville, tangipahoa, and st. helena parishes in louisiana (usa) were sampled for several disease agents. antibodies against toxoplasma gondii, chlamydia psittaci, francisella tularensis, leptospira spp., and encephalomyocarditis virus were detected in 7%, 14%, 0%, 7%, and 0% of nutria, respectively. both animals seropositive for leptospirae were positive for l. interrogans serovar canicola. no salmonella spp. were isola ... | 1994 | 7933295 |
seroepidemiologic study of chlamydia pneumoniae and other chlamydial species in a hyperendemic area for trachoma in the sudan. | sera of inhabitants of angola village in central sudan were investigated for the prevalence of antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis, c. pneumoniae, and c. psittaci by the microimmunofluorescence (mif) test. clinical examination of 616 persons showed that the village is hyperendemic for trachoma. of the 448 children examined, 334 (75%) had signs of active trachoma. the corresponding prevalence in the 168 adults was 25%. using mif, antibodies to c. trachomatis were found in the sera of 27 (81%) chi ... | 1994 | 7943577 |
an indirect microimmunofluorescence test for detection of chlamydial antibodies in ovine fetal fluids. | the objective of this study was to evaluate an indirect microimmunofluorescence test (imif) for detection of chlamydial antibodies in serum and/or thoracic fluids of aborted ovine fetuses. one hundred eighty-two ovine fetuses, including 64 fetuses from 40 ewes that were experimentally infected with an ovine abortion strain of chlamydia psittaci at gestation days 90-100, 10 fetuses from 6 normal ewes, and 108 fetuses selected from those received at the iowa veterinary diagnostic laboratory, were ... | 1994 | 7948200 |
culture and isolation of chlamydia trachomatis. | | 1994 | 7968623 |
serological survey of infections in waterfowl in the guadalquivir marshes (spain). | a serological survey was performed in the guadalquivir marshes (southern spain) in order to determine the presence and diffusion of six infective agents in wild waterfowl. the analysis covered 712 waterfowl from 13 species belonging to five taxa (podicipediformes, ciconiiformes, anseriformes, gruiformes, and charadriiformes). a range of immunological techniques led to detection of antibodies against the six infective agents studied: chlamydia psittaci (13.3%), mycoplasma anatis (3.5%), pasteurel ... | 1994 | 7980291 |
[the immunogenicity of a vaccine against enzootic abortion in sheep]. | immunogenicity of vaccine against enzootic abortion of ewes (epo) was evaluated in sheep and laboratory white mice. the vaccine contained purified and formalin-inactivated corpuscules of chlamydia psittaci. experiment was performed on ten sheep, slovak merino breed, which were negative before vaccination in serological assays and blastic transformation of lymphocytes (btl) tests. the animals were immunized subcutaneously with 2 ml of vaccine which contained 100 micrograms (sheep no. 1-4) and 20 ... | 1994 | 7992468 |
[activity of neutrophilic granulocytes and hematologic picture in rabbits immunized with chlamydia psittaci]. | the study was aimed at investigation of selected elements of nonspecific immunity (spontaneous and stimulated nbt reduction test and myeloperoxidase activity of neutrophilic granulocytes) and specific serological response in rabbits immunized twice with suspension of cells of c. psittaci inactivated by formaldehyde. specific antibodies were detected by complement fixation test and in a titer of 16 or higher were found between 42 and 56 day of the experiment. statistically significant decrease of ... | 1994 | 7996939 |
clinical aspects of chlamydia psittaci infection in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | two groups of six cats were established, one a control group and one infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) 18 months previously. the cats in both groups were inoculated with chlamydia psittaci and the clinical progression of the infection was monitored by means of a clinical scoring system for 10 months. haematological, serological and viral and chlamydial isolation studies were also made. the response of the fiv infected group to treatment with oxytetracycline was monitored in the 1 ... | 1994 | 8009798 |
chlamydia psittaci infections in birds: a review on the pathogenesis and histopathological features. | in this review the literature on the pathogenesis and histopathological features of chlamydia psittaci infections in birds and their significance for psittacosis/ornithosis in humans is summarized. models of experimental infections to elucidate the pathogenicity of avian strains are discussed briefly. | 1994 | 8009817 |
enhancement of in vitro transcription by addition of cloned, overexpressed major sigma factor of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | | 1994 | 8021204 |
the role of branhamella ovis, mycoplasma conjunctivae and chlamydia psittaci in conjunctivitis of sheep. | smooth (s) and rough (r) types of branhamella ovis were used alone and in conjunction with mycoplasma conjunctivae and chlamydia psittaci in attempts to produce conjunctivitis in lambs. this was only successful with one s-type previously isolated from a clinical case of conjunctivitis. in experimental mixed infection, b. ovis contributed to the severity of ovine keratoconjunctivitis attributable to infection with mycoplasma conjunctivae. when b. ovis and c. psittaci were inoculated into the conj ... | 1994 | 8025837 |
serologic survey and serum biochemical reference ranges of the free-ranging mountain lion (felis concolor) in california. | serum samples from 58 mountain lions (felis concolor) in california (usa) were collected between april 1987 and february 1990. nineteen serum samples were used for serum biochemistry determinations; the ranges were similar to reference values in domestic cats, captive exotic felidae and free-ranging mountain lions. a serological survey was conducted to determine whether antibodies were present against selected infectious agents. fifty-four (93%) of 58 sera had antibodies against feline panleukop ... | 1994 | 8028105 |
the importance of interferon-gamma in an early infection of chlamydia psittaci in mice. | athymic mice (nu/nu) and their hairy littermates (nu/+) were infected experimentally with chlamydia psittaci and the role of endogenous interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) on the resolution of the infection was studied. the pathological changes produced in the spleen, liver and lung were exacerbated by administration of a monoclonal antibody (mab) to ifn-gamma and an increased number of viable chlamydiae were recovered from the tissues of both nu/+ and nu/nu mice treated in this way. | 1994 | 8039814 |
probable transmission of chlamydia psittaci from a macaw to a cat. | a 5-year-old siamese cat developed unilateral mucopurulent ocular discharge and conjunctivitis 1 month after the introduction of a macaw into the household. despite treatment with antimicrobial ophthalmic ointment, the conjunctivitis became bilateral and other systemic signs developed. intracellular inclusions consistent with a chlamydia psittaci infection were detected in conjunctival epithelial cells stained with a fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibody. chlamydia psittaci was isolated from s ... | 1994 | 8050975 |