| crusted scabies is associated with increased il-17 secretion by skin t cells. | scabies is an ectoparasitic infestation by the mite sarcoptes scabiei. although commonly self-limiting, a fraction of patients develop severely debilitating crusted scabies. the immune mechanisms underlying the development of crusted scabies are unclear, and undertaking longitudinal infection studies in humans is difficult. we utilized a porcine model to compare cellular immune responses in peripheral blood and skin of pigs with different clinical manifestations of scabies (n = 12), and in uninf ... | 2014 | 25040151 |
| assay of alterations in oxidative stress markers in pigs naturally infested with sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. | the present study aimed to examine the status of antioxidant systems of the pigs naturally suffering from sarcoptic mange. fifty nine pigs were divided into three groups, healthy control (group i, n=15), subclinical sarcoptic mange (group ii, n=22) and clinical sarcoptic mange (group iii, n=22). to assess the status of antioxidant systems; lipid peroxides (lpo), reduced glutathione (gsh), superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), ascorbic acid, zinc and copper concentrations in t ... | 2014 | 24986463 |
| scabies mite inactive serine proteases are potent inhibitors of the human complement lectin pathway. | scabies is an infectious skin disease caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei and has been classified as one of the six most prevalent epidermal parasitic skin diseases infecting populations living in poverty by the world health organisation. the role of the complement system, a pivotal component of human innate immunity, as an important defence against invading pathogens has been well documented and many parasites have an arsenal of anti-complement defences. we previously reported on a family of s ... | 2014 | 24854034 |
| prevalence of sarcoptes scabiei infection in pet dogs in southern china. | little is known about the prevalence of sarcoptes scabiei infection in pet dogs in china. in the present study, the prevalence of s. scabiei infection in pet dogs in guangzhou, southern china, was investigated between january and december, 2009. a total of 3,977 pet dogs admitted to animal hospitals were examined for the presence of s. scabiei using a parasitological approach. the average prevalence of s. scabiei infection in pet dogs is 1.18% (95% confidence interval (ci): 0.85-1.52%). the prev ... | 2014 | 24741355 |
| [sarcoptic mange: report of an outbreak in a family and their pet]. | scabies caused by the genus sarcoptes scabiei var canis is a prevalent infection in dogs and affects abandoned, malnourished and overcrowded animals, causing hair loss and an intensely pruritic crusting dermatitis. in humans the manifestation is a self-limiting pruritic dermatitis, but persistent cases are described. an outbreak of sarcoptic mange is reported in a family group (seven people, including a 5 month infant and his mother). the infective source was their own house dog who was taken fr ... | 2014 | 24740774 |
| immune response induced by candidate sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi dna vaccine encoding paramyosin in mice. | sarcoptes scabiei is the causal agent of the highly contagious disease sarcoptic mange (scabies) that affects animals and humans worldwide. an increasing number of cases of treatment failure is being reported because of drug resistance. the development of a specific vaccine would be a sustainable option for control of this disease. in this study, we cloned and expressed a s. scabiei gene encoding paramyosin (par) and investigated the immune response elicited by dna encoding par in mice. the abil ... | 2014 | 24729069 |
| abul- hasan al-tabari: a review of his views and works. | abul-hasan al-tabari was a 10th century persian physician born in tabaristan. he was a creative and innovative physician who avoided emulating treatments without investigating and examining them. tabari was an encyclopedist and had a holistic view to medicine. investigation of the views of this great persian scholar indicated that his scientific and moral characteristics contain: paying adequate attention to philosophy and medical ethics, citing other scholars' works, attention to the necessity ... | 2014 | 24724609 |
| isolated itching of the genitals. | a 38-year-old man, returned from ivory coast 2 months ago and presented with a 3-month history of pruritus exclusively on the scrotum. itching was continuous during the day and no pruritus was described in his wife and son. clinical examination of the genitals revealed several nodules on the scrotum, a chancrous lesion was seen on the penis, and multiple excoriations were noted. dermoscopy exam with a dermatoscope of the whole body was performed and no papules, nodules, or burrow were found. mic ... | 2014 | 24696404 |
| primary and secondary experimental infestation of rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) with sarcoptes scabiei from a wild rabbit: factors determining resistance to reinfestation. | studies of sarcoptic mange and immunity are hampered by lack of mite sources and natural infestation models. we have investigated the clinical and pathological signs, specific igg response and acquired immunity in naïve new zealand white rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) experimentally infested with sarcoptes scabiei originally isolated from a clinically affected free-living european wild rabbit. twenty rabbits were infested using two methods, direct contact for a 24 h period with a seeder rabbit ... | 2014 | 24690250 |
| control of scabies outbreaks in an italian hospital: an information-centered management strategy. | scabies is a dermatologic infestation caused by sarcoptes scabiei. in industrialized countries, hospitals and other health structures can sometimes be hit. the optimal management of scabies outbreaks still has to be established, mass prophylaxis being one possible option. | 2014 | 24581020 |
| interventions for preventing the spread of infestation in close contacts of people with scabies. | scabies, caused by sarcoptes scabiei variety hominis or the human itch mite, is a common parasitic infection. while anyone can become infected, it causes significant morbidity in immunocompromised hosts and it spreads easily between human hosts where there is overcrowding or poor sanitation. the most common symptom reported is itch which is worse at night. as the symptoms are attributed to an allergic reaction to the mite, symptoms usually develop between four to six weeks after primary infectio ... | 2014 | 24566946 |
| vaccine against scabies: necessity and possibility. | scabies is an infectious disease that is endemic in poorly resourced communities, and also common in industrialized countries. although the disease, which is caused by infestation of sarcoptes scabiei, is generally mild, the need for a vaccine against s. scabiei is proposed. the immunological mechanisms that control s. scabiei infection are discussed and the current status of scabies vaccine development reviewed. future directions for scabies vaccine development are also addressed. | 2014 | 24476932 |
| validation of pcr assay for identification of sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. | infestation of the skin by the "itch mite" sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis results in a contagious skin infection in humans called "scabies". by resolving morphology issues, the present study was designed to be acquainted with itch mite by molecular markers. | 2013 | 24454438 |
| advances in studies of disease-navigating webs: sarcoptes scabiei as a case study. | the discipline of epidemiology is the study of the patterns, causes and effects of health and disease conditions in defined anima populations. it is the key to evidence-based medicine, which is one of the cornerstones of public health. one of the important facets of epidemiology is disease-navigating webs (disease-nw) through which zoonotic and multi-host parasites in general move from one host to another. epidemiology in this context includes (i) classical epidemiological approaches based on th ... | 2014 | 24406101 |
| norwegian crusted scabies: an unusual case presentation. | scabies is a contagious condition that is transmitted through direct contact with an infected person and has been frequently associated with institutional and healthcare-facility outbreaks. the subtype norwegian crusted scabies can masquerade as other dermatologic diseases owing to the heavy plaque formation. successful treatment has been documented in published reports, including oral ivermectin and topical permethrin. few case studies documenting the treatment of norwegian crusted scabies have ... | 2016 | 24370484 |
| bullous scabies in an adult: a case report with review of literature. | scabies is an infestation caused by sarcoptes scabiei, characterized by polymorphous lesions that may include burrows, papules, nodules, excoriation, and crusts. vesicular and bullous lesions are rather rare. bullous scabies is regarded as a distinct subtype of scabies, closely resembling bullous pemphigoid. here, we report a case of bullous scabies in an adult male and review the literature. | 2013 | 24350014 |
| [diagnosis of scabies by high-magnification dermoscopy: the "delta-wing jet" appearance of sarcoptes scabiei]. | | 2013 | 24206810 |
| case for diagnosis. | human scabies is an intensely pruritic skin infestation caused by sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. crusted scabies (previously known as norwegian scabies) is a rare form, very contagious and transmitted by direct contact with the skin. despite being readily treatable, a delayed diagnosis often leads to widespread infestation of contacts, and therefore difficult to restrain. this case concerns a patient where dermoscopy (with scabetic burrows and a visible hand-glider structure), together with dir ... | 2015 | 24173196 |
| treatment of scabies: the topical ivermectin vs. permethrin 2.5% cream. | human scabies is caused by an infestation of the skin by the human itch mite (sarcoptes scabiei va. hominis). it is commonly treated with topical insecticides, but the treatment of choice is still controversial. the aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of topical ivermectin vs. permethrin 2.5% cream for the treatment of scabies. in total, 380 patients with scabies were enrolled, and randomized into two groups: the first group received 1% ivermectin applied topically to the affected skin ... | 2013 | 24171301 |
| crusted scabies misdiagnosed as erythrodermic psoriasis in a 3-year-old girl with down syndrome. | scabies is a highly contagious infestation with the sarcoptes scabiei var hominis mite. the variety of clinical presentations make timely, accurate diagnosis problematic. we report the case of a 3-year-old girl with down syndrome and crusted scabies initially misdiagnosed as erythrodermic psoriasis. | 2014 | 24138478 |
| scalp involvement by sarcoptes scabiei var hominis resembling seborrhoeic dermatitis in two immunocompromised patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. | scabies is a common condition in new zealand but scalp infestation by the mite is not often considered. topical treatments traditionally do not involve the scalp. we report two cases of immunocompromised patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) who had scalp infestation clinically mimicking seborrhoeic dermatitis. | 2013 | 24126752 |
| a novel clinical grading scale to guide the management of crusted scabies. | crusted scabies, or hyperinfestation with sarcoptes scabiei, occurs in people with an inadequate immune response to the mite. in recent decades, data have emerged suggesting that treatment of crusted scabies with oral ivermectin combined with topical agents leads to lower mortality, but there are no generally accepted tools for describing disease severity. here, we describe a clinical grading scale for crusted scabies and its utility in real world practice. | 2013 | 24069468 |
| molecular survey of knockdown resistance to pyrethroids in human scabies mites. | there are growing concerns about the emergence of resistance of sarcoptes scabiei to permethrin and other pyrethroid derivatives. sarcoptes scabiei mites collected from 40 patients visiting two hospitals near paris, france, were genotypically characterized considering two parts of their voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene. no nucleotide polymorphism resulting in a codon change at codon 733 or other positions associated with knockdown resistance in other arthropods has been identified. these da ... | 2014 | 23991892 |
| sarcoptes scabiei mites modulate gene expression in human skin equivalents. | the ectoparasitic mite, sarcoptes scabiei that burrows in the epidermis of mammalian skin has a long co-evolution with its hosts. phenotypic studies show that the mites have the ability to modulate cytokine secretion and expression of cell adhesion molecules in cells of the skin and other cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems that may assist the mites to survive in the skin. the purpose of this study was to identify genes in keratinocytes and fibroblasts in human skin equivalents (hses ... | 2013 | 23940705 |
| diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of scabies. | scabies remains a public health problem, especially in developing countries, with a worldwide incidence of approximately 300 million cases each year. prolonged skin-to-skin contact is necessary to allow the transmission of the causative mite, sarcoptes scabiei. classic scabies presents with burrows, erythematous papules, and generalized pruritus. clinical variants include nodular scabies and crusted scabies, also called norwegian scabies. the diagnosis is based mainly on history and physical exa ... | 2013 | 23904181 |
| in vivo imaging of sarcoptes scabiei infestation using optical coherence tomography. | sarcoptes scabiei can be visualized with different imaging tools. optical coherence tomography (oct) may have the potential to describe the changes in skin morphology due to scabies infestation and visualize the parasite. | 2013 | 23874291 |
| prevalence and zoonotic aspects of small ruminant mange in the lateritic and waterlogged zones, southern benin. | an epidemiological survey was undertaken from march to september 2010 to assess the prevalence and zoonotic aspects of scabies in small ruminants in two agro-ecological zones in southern benin. small ruminant (n = 444) smallholders and 1,807 of their animals (1,233 west african dwarf goats and 574 west african dwarf sheep) were included in the study. the animals underwent physical examination and, when scabies-like lesions were found, crusts and integument scrapings were collected for microscopi ... | 2013 | 23856728 |
| intense nocturnal itching should raise suspicion of scabies. | scabies is caused by infestation with a parasitic mite sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. the itch and rash appear to be largely the result of a delayed (type iv) allergic reaction to the mite, its eggs and excreta. scabies is spread by a mite transferring to the skin surface of an unaffected person, usually by skin to skin contact with an infested person, but occasionally via contaminated bed linen, clothes or towels. in crusted scabies, mites are also dispersed within shed scales, enabling the con ... | 2013 | 23808128 |
| feline sarcoptic mange in taiwan: a case series of five cats. | sarcoptes scabiei infestation is rare in cats. | 2013 | 23782002 |
| antibody responses to sarcoptes scabiei apolipoprotein in a porcine model: relevance to immunodiagnosis of recent infection. | no commercial immunodiagnostic tests for human scabies are currently available, and existing animal tests are not sufficiently sensitive. the recombinant sarcoptes scabiei apolipoprotein antigen sar s 14.3 is a promising immunodiagnostic, eliciting high levels of ige and igg in infected people. limited data are available regarding the temporal development of antibodies to sar s 14.3, an issue of relevance in terms of immunodiagnosis. we utilised a porcine model to prospectively compare specific ... | 2013 | 23762351 |
| efficacy and safety of tinospora cordifolia lotion in sarcoptes scabiei var hominis-infected pediatric patients: a single blind, randomized controlled trial. | to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of tinospora cordifolia lotion including its cure rate and clearance time compared with permethrin lotion. | 2013 | 23662023 |
| comparison of oral ivermectin versus crotamiton 10% cream in the treatment of scabies. | scabies is a relatively contagious infection caused by a tiny mite (sarcoptes scabiei). products used to treat scabies are called scabicides because they kill scabies mites; some also kill mite eggs. the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of oral ivermectin versus crotamiton 10% cream for the treatment of scabies. | 2014 | 23431958 |
| novel insights into an old disease: recent developments in scabies mite biology. | scabies is a serious disease of both humans and other animals caused by infestation of the skin with the ectoparasitic mite sarcoptes scabiei. our current understanding of scabies mite biology and disease processes is far outweighed by the significant, worldwide impact of the disease. this review summarizes the recent data which furthers our knowledge of mite biology, host specificity and parasite host evasion mechanisms. | 2013 | 23385639 |
| the efficacy of permethrin 5% vs. oral ivermectin for the treatment of scabies. | human scabies is caused by an infestation of the skin by the human itch mite (sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis). the aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of permethrin 5% lotion with oral ivermectin for the treatment of scabies. in total, 60 patients with scabies were enrolled, and randomized into two groups: the first group and their family contacts received 5% permethrin cream twice with a one week interval, and the other received a single dose of oral ivermectin. treatment wa ... | 2013 | 24791346 |
| on the aggregated nature of chronic sarcoptes scabiei infection in adult pigs. | the prevalence and body distribution of sarcoptes scabiei and associated dermatitis was investigated in sows and boars from four herds with long standing mange. macroscopic hyperkeratotic dermatitis (crusted mange) was present in 1-6% of herd sows. mite estimated prevalence (95% ci) in ear scrapings was 11% (6-17%) including 100% (13/13) and 2% (3/134) in sows with and without crusted mange, respectively, and the later had very few mites compared to the former. s. scabiei body distribution and d ... | 2013 | 23131577 |
| scratching the itch: new tools to advance understanding of scabies. | scabies remains a significant public health problem worldwide. research into aspects of sarcoptes scabiei biology and host-parasite interactions has been impeded by an inability to maintain mites in vitro and by limited access to parasite material and infected subjects. the generation of comprehensive expressed sequence tag libraries has enabled the initial characterisation of molecules of interest to diagnostics, vaccines, and drug resistance. the recent development and utilisation of animal mo ... | 2013 | 23088958 |
| detection of living sarcoptes scabiei larvae by reflectance mode confocal microscopy in the skin of a patient with crusted scabies. | scabies is an intensely pruritic disorder induced by a delayed type hypersensitivity reaction to infestation of the skin by the mite sarcoptes scabiei. the diagnosis of scabies is established clinically and confirmed by identifying mites or eggs by microscopic examination of scrapings from the skin or by surface microscopy using a dermatoscope. reflectance-mode confocal microscopy is a novel technique used for noninvasive imaging of skin structures and lesions at a resolution compatible to that ... | 2012 | 22734726 |
| reflectance confocal microscopy for quantification of sarcoptes scabiei in norwegian scabies. | in vivo reflectance-mode confocal microscopy (rcm) can be used for the diagnosis of scabies. this study quantifies s. scabiei and its eggs and droppings in a patient affected by norwegian scabies (ns), and describes their distribution within the epidermis and in different body areas. | 2013 | 22621304 |
| [resistance of the itch mites sarcoptes scabiei de geer, 1778 to scabicides]. | the paper gives the data available in the literature on cases of the resistance of human itch mites to acaricides from different groups of chemicals. it considers major mechanisms for s. scabiei resistance to the scabicides commonly used in the world. | 2012 | 22536746 |
| management of scabies. | scabies is a common contagious parasitic dermatosis. transmission of the mite sarcoptes scabiei var hominis generally occurs by skin-to-skin contact, but with crusted scabies it may also occur through fomites, such as infected clothing or bedding. diagnosis is usually clinical. a 2010 updated cochrane review concluded that management of scabies is based on topical scabicides, mainly 5% permethrin. however, oral ivermectin, although not licensed in many countries, may be useful, particularly for ... | 2012 | 22446818 |
| scabies in animals and humans: history, evolutionary perspectives, and modern clinical management. | scabies, a mite infestation frequently sexually transmitted, dates back to antiquity but remains a challenging parasite for study in clinical practice and community settings. its history is one of centuries of slow progress to recognize the mite and to finally establish its nexus to the clinical syndrome of pruritis with several protean manifestations and different epidemiological patterns. contemporary methods of management are briefly reviewed, with the future promise of improved evolutionary ... | 2011 | 22417107 |
| treatment of scabies: comparison of permethrin 5% versus ivermectin. | scabies is an ectoparasitic, highly contagious skin disease caused by a mite called sarcoptes scabiei. the insecticides ivermectin and permethrin are commonly used for treatment of scabies. this study aimed at comparing the efficacy of oral ivermectin with topical permethrin in treating scabies. two hundred and forty-two patients with scabies attending the dermatology outpatient department of sina hospital, tabriz university of medical sciences were admitted. patients were divided into two group ... | 2012 | 22385121 |
| crusted (norwegian) scabies following systemic and topical corticosteroid therapy. | it is a case study of a 62-yr-old female with crusted (norwegian) scabies, which appeared during her treatment with systemic and topical corticosteroid therapy, under the diagnosis of erythroderma. in the same time, the patient had been suffered from hypothyoidism, and her skin changes were misdiagnosed, because it was thought that they are associated with her endocrine disorder. suddenly, beside the erythema, her skin became hyperkeratotic, with widespread scaling over the trunk and limbs, and ... | 2010 | 20052371 |
| neonatal norwegian scabies: three cooperating causes. | norwegian or crusted scabies is seldom reported in infancy, usually in immune deficient patients. | 2009 | 21886727 |
| effect of karela (momordica charantia) powder in jarah (scabies). | jarab (scabies) is an itchy dermatosis caused by human mite sarcotes scabiei. it usually involves inter digital spaces of hands and the flexor surface of the wrists. in severe infection, the dorsal surface of the elbows, anterior axillary folds, female breasts, periumblical area, genital area and buttocks are involved. night itching in particular and secondary infection with postulation and lichenification in general are the main clinical features.according to greeco-arabian concept, conversion ... | 2001 | 22557016 |