| effect of thyroid hormone on epidermal growth factor-like immunoreactivity and growth velocity in cynomolgus monkeys. | to examine the potential role of epidermal growth factor (egf) in mediating the effects of thyroid hormone on linear growth, we measured serum egf levels by ria in cynomolgus monkeys before and during methimazole-induced hypothyroidism, and after 9 weeks of t4 replacement at different doses. ten castrated prepubertal monkeys were rendered hypothyroid by methimazole (0.0125% in drinking water for 12 weeks). methimazole was continued, and t4 was then administered for 9-week intervals. six weeks el ... | 1990 | 2100280 |
| visual transduction in cones of the monkey macaca fascicularis. | 1. visual transduction in macaque cones was studied by measuring the membrane current of single outer segments projecting from small pieces of retina. 2. the response to a brief flash of light was diphasic and resembled the output of a bandpass filter with a peak frequency near 5 hz. after the initial reduction in dark current there was a rebound increase which resulted from an increase in the number of open light-sensitive channels. the response to a step of light consisted of a prominent initi ... | 1990 | 2100987 |
| force-time breakage characteristics of food during simulated initial phase of mastication. | with the long range goal of gaining an insight into force control and muscle recruitment, it seems necessary to understand the task given to the masticatory apparatus. the purpose of this study was to characterize food breakage properties, and to study the influence of different compression speeds and occlusal morphologies on the categorized food properties. experiments were carried out by means of a standard instron instrument, modified with a switching relay. a stylus with 45 degree angulation ... | 1990 | 2101450 |
| detection of the ovulatory-luteinizing hormone surge with an enzyme-linked immunospecific human urinary luteinizing hormone assay: applicability to nonhuman primates. | heterologous antibodies have frequently been used to develop assays in other species. human urinary lh kits, widely available for predicting the lh surge, offer a unique opportunity to determine the timing of ovulation and mating in nonhuman primates. we tested three commercially available ovulation predictor kits for utility in two macaque species. midfollicular, midcycle, and castrate urines and their corresponding serum samples were assessed for lh activity using established rias as well as u ... | 1990 | 2105250 |
| apo a-i metabolism in cynomolgus monkeys: male-female differences. | female cynomolgus monkeys have significantly higher plasma apo a-i concentrations than males (p = 0.04) and are able to maintain higher levels than the males even after consuming a high-cholesterol diet that severely depresses the apo a-i concentration in primates (p less than 0.05). the mechanism responsible for this difference was investigated by comparing apo a-i turnover (synthesis and catabolism) in males and females consuming monkey chow and in a separate group of males and females that ha ... | 1990 | 2106919 |
| isolation of a cdna from the virus responsible for enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis. | major epidemic outbreaks of viral hepatitis in underdeveloped countries result from a type of non-a, non-b hepatitis distinct from the parenterally transmitted form. the viral agent responsible for this form of epidemic, or enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis (et-nanbh), has been serially transmitted in cynomolgus macaques (cynos) and has resulted in typical elevation in liver enzymes and the detection of characteristic virus-like particles (vlps) in both feces and bile. infectious bi ... | 1990 | 2107574 |
| the metabolism of nafimidone hydrochloride in the dog, primates and man. | 1. the biotransformation of nafimidone, an imidazole-substituted anticonvulsant, has been studied by characterization of urinary metabolites in dogs, cynomolgus monkeys, baboons and man. 2. the biotransformation of nafimidone in these laboratory animals and man is initially very similar, in each case proceeding by reduction to the aliphatic alcohol metabolite, nafimidone alcohol or 1-[2-hydroxy-2-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]imidazole. 3. further transformation of this metabolite involves oxidation in the ... | 1990 | 2109431 |
| l-662,583 is a topically effective ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor in experimental animals. | 1. l-662,583 was a potent inhibitor in vitro of purified, human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase ii, possessing an ic50 of 0.7 nm. the ic50 values for mk-927, acetazolamide and methazolamide were 13.0 nm, 10.8 nm and 21.2 nm, respectively. 2. a 1 h pretreatment with one 50 microliters drop of a 0.1% solution of l-662,583 blocked carbonic anhydrase activity in a homogenate of the iris + ciliary body of albino rabbits by 63%. similar treatment with 0.1% suspensions of acetazolamide and methazolamide ... | 1990 | 2110013 |
| endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation is abnormal in the coronary microcirculation of atherosclerotic primates. | atherosclerosis impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation of large conduit arteries. because coronary resistance vessels are spared from the development of overt atherosclerosis, endothelium-dependent responses were examined in these vascular segments. malaysian cynomolgus monkeys (n = 6) were made atherosclerotic by being fed a 0.7% cholesterol diet for 18 months. control monkeys (n = 6) were fed a standard diet. coronary microvessels (122-220 microns) were studied in a pressurized (20 mm hg), n ... | 1990 | 2110036 |
| [primates in the study of oocyte maturation]. | in the mammalian oocyte, meiosis is initiated during fetal life. meiosis proceeds up to the diplotene stage of the first prophase and is arrested at birth and the oocyte presents a nuclear structure known as germinal vesicle (gv). meiotic arrest persists until sexual maturity, when one or more oocytes, the number dependent on the species, reinitiate their reduction division at each cycle. the series of event, initiated by the breakdown of the germinal vesicle (gvbd) and completed with formation ... | 1990 | 2110645 |
| serial transmission of a putative causative virus of enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis to macaca fascicularis and macaca mulatta. | in order to establish an animal model and to identify a causative virus of enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis, macaca fascicularis was inoculated with a fecal extract obtained from myanmar patients with acute sporadic non-a, non-b hepatitis. the primates developed acute hepatitis exhibited by a transient elevation of aminotransferases in the sera and occurrence of hepatic necroinflammation between 2 and 4 weeks postinoculation. subsequent second passage of the fecal extract made from ... | 1990 | 2112652 |
| occurrence and character of a putative causative virus of enterically-transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis in bile. | the present investigation confirms the possibility that the etiological agent of enterically-transmitted non-a, non-b (et-nanb) hepatitis (type e hepatitis), multiplied in hepatocytes, is excreted into the feces via bile. the fecal extract was inoculated into 7 cynomolgus monkeys. bile juice was collected directly from the gallbladder by needle puncture after abdominal operation 3 to 6 times during the experimental course. all 7 monkeys developed elevated serum aminotransferases, which began gra ... | 1990 | 2112653 |
| distribution of angiotensin ii receptors in the brain of nonhuman primates. | angiotensin ii binding sites were demonstrated at discrete nuclei in the brain of three nonhuman primate species by autoradiography, using the agonist ligand, [sar1]aii. although there were some differences in location of the binding sites, all three species exhibited a characteristic pattern of distribution in areas related to water intake, vasopressin secretion, and blood pressure regulation through modulation of sympathetic activity. studies in the cynomolgus monkey with the antagonist ligand ... | 1990 | 2113279 |
| premature luteinizing hormone surges in menopausal gonadotropin-stimulated cycles in monkeys: lack of initiation by progesterone. | the occurrence of spontaneous luteinizing hormone (lh) surges in women receiving human menopausal gonadotropins (hmg) for in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer is a significant clinical problem. one hypothetical mechanism is that premature progesterone (p) secretion occurring in the high estradiol (e2) milieu produced by hmg triggers the spontaneous lh surge. to investigate this possibility, 11 rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys were stimulated with hmg. at maximal ovarian stimulation, monkeys were ... | 1990 | 2113486 |
| enterically-transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis. | more than 50% of acute viral hepatitis occurring in some developing countries appears to be unrelated to infection by hav or hbv and accumulating evidence suggests that a high proportion of this non-a, non-b hepatitis (nanb) is enterically transmitted. epidemics or outbreaks of enterically-transmitted nanb (et-nanb) have been documented in the soviet union, nepal, burma, pakistan, india, borneo, somalia, sudan, ivory coast, algeria, and mexico. these outbreaks primarily affect young to middle-ag ... | 1990 | 2116213 |
| characterization of lymphocyte subpopulations in the blood of the cynomolgus monkey using flow cytometry. | this study was performed to assess the usefulness of flow cytometry in comparison with acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (anae) staining for the enumeration of lymphocyte subpopulations in cynomolgus monkeys. for flow cytometry, use was made of mouse antihuman leukocyte monoclonal antibody (t11), recognized to undergo cross-reaction with monkey t lymphocytes or antimonkey igg serum labelled with fluoroscein isothiocyanate. the percentages of lymphocyte subpopulations in mononuclear cells of t ... | 1990 | 2116470 |
| role of lipoprotein lipase in the regulation of high density lipoprotein apolipoprotein metabolism. studies in normal and lipoprotein lipase-inhibited monkeys. | mechanisms that might be responsible for the low levels of high density lipoprotein (hdl) associated with hypertriglyceridemia were studied in an animal model. specific monoclonal antibodies were infused into female cynomolgus monkeys to inhibit lipoprotein lipase (lpl), the rate-limiting enzyme for triglyceride catabolism. lpl inhibition produced marked and sustained hypertriglyceridemia, with plasma triglyceride levels of 633-1240 mg/dl. hdl protein and cholesterol and plasma apolipoprotein (a ... | 1990 | 2117022 |
| a comparison of l-671,152 and mk-927, two topically effective ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, in experimental animals. | l-671,152 is a water-soluble, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor structurally similar to mk-927, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that, on topical administration, lowers the intraocular pressure (iop) of experimental animals and humans. l-671,152 was more potent than mk-927 at inhibiting purified, human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase ii in vitro, as reflected in their respective ic50 values of 0.16 nm and 1.19 nm. both compounds were compared for topical, ocular hypotensive activity in pigmented rabbits ... | 1990 | 2117519 |
| production of immunoglobulin a protease by streptococcus pneumoniae from animals. | human isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae tested by traditional immunochemical methods produce a protease that cleaves human immunoglobulin a1 (iga1) into fab and fc fragments. the protease may be an important virulence factor, but studies of its pathogenetic significance have been hampered by lack of a suitable animal model. since s. pneumoniae is a respiratory pathogen for several species of animals, we sought to determine whether isolates of this organism from animals with pneumococcal infec ... | 1990 | 2117567 |
| characterization of lysosomal enzymes from cultured cynomolgus monkey trabecular meshwork cells. | the current study characterizes selected properties of lysosomal enzymes associated with cynomolgus monkey trabecular meshwork (mtm) cells. these proteins may participate in the turnover of macromolecules involved in regulating the aqueous outflow. intracellular levels of lysosomal enzymes in mtm cells were similar to those found in cultured human fibroblasts. the presence of ammonium chloride increased the secretion rate of certain lysosomal enzymes from 47 to 122% of normal. column chromatogra ... | 1990 | 2117598 |
| oral activity of the growth hormone releasing peptide his-d-trp-ala-trp-d-phe-lys-nh2 in rats, dogs and monkeys. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the growth hormone (gh) releasing activity of orally administered his-d-trp-ala-trp-d-phe-lys-nh2 (ghrp-6, sk&f 110679) in rats, dogs and monkeys. rats were administered ghrp-6 orally by gavage or parenterally through femoral artery catheters. blood was collected before and after ghrp-6 administration for estimation of plasma gh and comparison of gh changes resulting from enteral and parenteral administration of the peptide. ghrp-6 was administered to do ... | 1990 | 2117689 |
| highly vectorial secretion of inhibin by primate sertoli cells in vitro. | having recently demonstrated highly vectorial and fsh-stimulated inhibin secretion by immature rat sertoli cells in vitro, we wished to determine if vectorial secretion of inhibin was also characteristic of primate sertoli cells. by adapting techniques for isolation of sertoli cells from testes of the immature rat and cynomolgus monkey. sertoli cells were isolated from immature baboon testes. sertoli cells were then plated onto matrix-impregnated porous filters and cultured in twin chamber assem ... | 1990 | 2121770 |
| biosynthesis of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-hete) and 12 (s)-hete by renal cortical microsomes of the cynomolgus monkey. | renal cortical microsomes of the cynomolgus monkey, macaca fascicularis, were incubated with [14c] arachidonic acid in the presence of nadph. the two main metabolites were identified as 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-hete) and 12(s)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12(s)-hete) by capillary gc-ms and by chiral phase hplc. 12(s)-hete was formed in highly variable amounts by the very same preparation of microsomes on different occasions. the microsomal biosynthesis of 12(s)-hete was increased sev ... | 1990 | 2122910 |
| group a rotavirus infection in animals from an animal house and in wild-caught monkeys. | randomly selected samples from different animal colonies from two laboratory animal houses and from the wild-caught monkeys were tested for the presence of anti-rotavirus antibodies to estimate the rates of infection with group a rotavirus. antibodies to the common group a rotaviral antigen were detected by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using reagents of who elisa rotavirus detection kit. the results of the study showed that white mice, albino rats, and guinea pigs from ... | 1990 | 2122998 |
| changes in plasma factor viii complex and serum lipid profile during atherogenesis in cynomolgus monkeys. | if endothelial injury plays a prominent role in early atherogenesis, the plasma levels of von willebrand factor (vwf), which is made within and normally released from endothelial cells, might be expected to rise as a marker of the cellular damage. to evaluate this hypothesis, we measured plasma vwf (as viiir:ag), factor viii:c, and serum lipids serially up to 37 weeks in 29 adult male cynomolgus monkeys on an atherogenic diet. factor viii:c peaked at 113% above baseline by week 10 (p less than 0 ... | 1990 | 2123089 |
| a pilot study on the effects of aroclor 1254 ingestion by rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys as a model for human ingestion of pcbs. | a pilot study using female cynomolgus (macaca fascicularis) and female rhesus (macaca mulatta) monkeys was conducted to study the effects of chronic ingestion of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). four control and four treated monkeys of each species received an apple juice-gelatin mixture containing 0 and 280 micrograms aroclor 1254/kg body weight/day, respectively, 5 days/wk. the cynomolgus monkeys, which were mature monkeys with a poor breeding history, were treated for approximately 55 wk, wh ... | 1990 | 2125970 |
| internalization of human sex steroid-binding protein in the monkey epididymis. | human sex steroid-binding protein (hsbp) has been purified from late-pregnancy serum and labelled either by iodination (125i) or by photoaffinity with [3h]delta 6-testosterone. using a micromanipulator, each labelled protein was separately injected into the lumen of epididymal tubules isolated from the head epididymis of the cynomologus monkey (macaca fascicularis). tubules were sampled from 3 to 90 min after the injection and processed for electron microscope autoradiography. localization of th ... | 1990 | 2126929 |
| thrombin activity induced by balloon angioplasty of the coronary artery in macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus monkey). | in this paper we address the question of whether balloon angioplasty induces thrombin action. in the studies reported here we measured fibrinopeptide a levels in a group of atherosclerotic monkeys undergoing coronary angioplasty. a blood collection catheter was introduced into the inferior vena cava through a femoral vein, and the angioplasty catheter introduced via the femoral artery. heparin was administered immediately after insertion of the arterial catheter. serial blood samples were collec ... | 1990 | 2133227 |
| the fiber system of the choroidocapillaris. | in the central choroid of three cynomolgus monkeys (macaca irus) and a baboon (papio anubis) the shape of the choroidocapillary sinus is determined by a system of interstitial collagen fibers, the "fiber system of the choroidocapillaris". the inner leaflet of this system is bruch's membrane. the outer leaflet consists of interwoven collagen bundles, covering the roof of the capillary sinus. straight bundles of collagen fibers passing through connective tissue columns in the choroidocapillary sin ... | 1990 | 2134375 |
| metabolic processing and carcinogenicity of heterocyclic amines in nonhuman primates. | the potential for human exposure to heterocyclic amine (haa) mutagens derived from cooking food prompted an evaluation of the disposition and carcinogenicity of three of the haas in nonhuman primates, especially cynomolgus monkeys. the three haas currently under study are 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4, 5-f]quinoline (iq), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (8-meiqx) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5,b]pyridine (phip). these three haas were selected on the basis of several factors ... | 1990 | 2134682 |
| activity of the short-acting thromboxane receptor antagonist, sq 30,741, in thrombolytic and vasospastic models in monkeys. | the effects of the thromboxane receptor antagonist sq 30,741 (1 mg/kg) on reflow after thrombolysis and on vasoconstrictor responses to the thromboxane agonist u-46,619 was determined in cynomolgus monkeys. sq 30,741 (n = 5) or vehicle (n = 4) was administered to anesthetized monkeys upon reocclusion of a stenotic and electrically injured carotid artery, which had been recanalized successfully with streptokinase and heparin. once blood flow again decreased to zero the treatment was repeated. sq ... | 1990 | 2140131 |
| fluorescent and biotin probes for dopamine receptors: d1 and d2 receptor affinity and selectivity. | fluorophor and biotin derivatives of dopamine agonist and antagonist drugs were synthesized and evaluated for binding affinity and selectivity at d1 and d2 dopamine receptors in membranes prepared from monkey (macaca fascicularis) caudate putamen. binding was measured using [3h]sch 23390 to label d1 receptors and [3h]spiperone to label d2 receptors. the selective d1 antagonist skf 83566, whether coupled to 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-4-yl (nbd), to fluorescein, or to biotin retained high affin ... | 1990 | 2141665 |
| xenogeneic proliferation and lymphokine production are dependent on cd4+ helper t cells and self antigen-presenting cells in the mouse. | we studied proliferation and interleukin 2 production by b6 mouse spleen cells in response to stimulation by irradiated cynomolgus monkey spleen cells and compared the results with responses against whole mhc-disparate allogeneic controls (balb/c). we found that (a) primary xenogeneic helper responses were absent, whereas primary allogeneic responses were brisk, (b) secondary xenogeneic helper responses were dependent on cd4+ t cells and responder antigen-presenting cells (apcs), whereas allogen ... | 1990 | 2142721 |
| effects of topical applications of meclofenamic acid and ibuprofen on bone loss, subgingival microbiota and gingival pmn response in the primate macaca fascicularis. | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) have been shown to alter periodontitis in both animals and humans. this study was initiated in the nonhuman primate (nhp) model to determine the effect of two nsaids on preexisting gingivitis, the conversion of gingivitis to periodontitis, the associated subgingival microbiota, and the gingival pmn response. eighteen cynomolgus monkeys were divided into three groups and treated on a blind basis with ibuprofen 8%, meclofenamic acid 5%, or placebo appl ... | 1990 | 2145415 |
| evaluation of the mechanisms responsible for the reduction in erythrocyte complement receptors when immune complexes form in vivo in primates. | patients with immune complex-(ic) mediated diseases frequently have low levels of cr1 on e. the present study was undertaken to determine the role of circulating ic in causing low e-cr1 levels. e-cr1 were enumerated by measuring the binding of anti-cr1 mab (e11) and rabbit anti-cr1 antibodies (rbacr1) to e. in addition, the distribution of cr1 among e was assessed by flow cytometry of e stained with e11 and rbacr1 and by evaluating the binding of e11-coated fluorescent beads (e11-beads) to e. e1 ... | 1990 | 2147938 |
| uptake of medroxyprogesterone acetate by progestin and androgen target neurons in the brain and pituitary gland of male cynomolgus monkeys. | medroxyprogesterone acetate (mpa), a synthetic progestin that reduces plasma testosterone levels, has been used in the treatment of male sex offenders. it also reduces the sexual activity of male macaques. to investigate its sites and mechanisms of action, 11 adult male cynomolgus monkeys were castrated and 7 and 21 h later were pretreated with 20 mg progesterone s.c. (prog, n = 3), or 5 mg dihydrotestosterone propionate s.c. (dhtp, n = 3) or oil vehicle (controls, n = 5). twenty-four hours afte ... | 1990 | 2149428 |
| serological survey for two simian retroviruses in macaques and african green monkeys. | colonies of nonhuman primates at the bowman gray school of medicine (bgsm) were tested for antibodies to two retroviruses associated with immunodeficiency by indirect immunofluorescence (ifa) and western blot. a total of 471 cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis), 144 rhesus monkeys (m. mulatta) and 67 stumptail monkey m. arctoides) were tested for srv-1, and 152 african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) were tested for siv. of the macaques tested, 170 (36%) cynomolgus, 5 (3%) rhesus and ... | 1990 | 2153854 |
| molecular genetic analysis of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans epidemiology. | research over the past decade has identified many of the microorganisms involved in the etiology of human periodontitis such as actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. efforts are now directed toward defining these species' role in the pathogenic process. since microbial colonization of host tissues is a key first step in developing a bacterial infection, determining the source of the periodontal pathogens and their route of transmission is likely to be crucial in formulating preventive strategies ... | 1990 | 2156041 |
| recrudescence of entopolypoides macaci mayer, 1933 (babesiidae) infection secondary to stress in long-tailed macaques (macaca fascicularis). | parasites were found in red blood cells of two long-tailed macaques (macaca fascicularis) imported from indonesia and housed in the washington regional primate research center breeding colony for 7 years or longer. both macaques developed parasitemias secondary to stress (type d retrovirus in one case and severe trauma in the other). entopolypoides macaci (babesiidae) was diagnosed on the basis of morphology from peripheral blood smears stained with wright's stain. antibodies against babesia sp. ... | 1990 | 2157097 |
| early gastric cancer induced by n-ethyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine in a cynomolgus monkey six years after initial diagnosis of the lesion. | a signet ring cell carcinoma in the gastric antrum of a cynomolgus monkey induced by n-ethyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine was sequentially studied by endoscopy, biopsy, and autopsy. the carcinoma was first detected on the angulus of the stomach at the 38th month as a slightly elevated lesion. sixty-one months later this tumor was found to be still in the "early" (intramucosal) stage. another, independent, initial gastric cancer was also discovered. this is the first example of an induced gastric ... | 1990 | 2157693 |
| establishment of a b-lymphoblastoid cell line infected with epstein-barr-related virus from a cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis). | a b-lymphoblastoid cell line (ts-b) was established from lymph nodes of an apparently healthy cynomolgus monkey. the cells were demonstrated to contain epstein-barr virus-related antigens. moreover, herpesvirus particles were found in the cells by electron microscopy. the cell-free culture medium transformed lymphocytes of cynomolgus rhesus monkeys, and of japanese monkeys. | 1990 | 2160013 |
| experimental infection of african green monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys with a sivagm strain isolated from a healthy african green monkey. | an infection occurred in all african green monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys experimentally inoculated with sivagm [tyo-1], as demonstrated by the appearance of an antibody to sivagm [tyo-1] and the isolation of the virus. no monkey exhibited overt clinical disorders throughout the experimental period of 42 weeks. thus, sivagm was not pathogenic to its original host or to macaques. this system is proposed as a model for hiv infection manifesting no overt disease. | 1990 | 2160015 |
| experimental group a rotaviral infection in cynomolgus monkeys raised on formula diet. | rotaviral infections in cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fasicularis) were studied to ascertain its suitability as a model of infection and diarrhea caused by group a human rotaviruses. formula-fed monkeys were used as they could be observed closely. experimental rotaviral infection of cynomolgus monkeys was age-dependent; only young monkeys were readily infected. formula-fed newborns were readily infected with cell-culture-adapted human (wa) and simian (sa11) viruses and with a rotavirus from a human ... | 1990 | 2161071 |
| the use of the polymerase chain reaction for the detection of simian immunodeficiency virus in experimentally infected macaques. | a rapid, non-radioactive assay for the detection of proviral simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) in tissue-culture cells is described. the assay is based on the co-amplification of the siv env and gag genes by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). when the gag pcr product is blotted onto a nylon membrane and hybridised to a radioactive oligonucleotide probe, the assay can also be used to detect the siv gag gene in dna isolated directly from experimentally infected cynomolgus macaque lymphocytes. ... | 1990 | 2161421 |
| the production and purification of pcr-derived recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus p27 gag protein; its use in detecting serological and t-cell responses in macaques. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify a region of the gag gene, encompassing the core protein p27, from genomic dna of cells infected with sivmac251 (32h isolate). the 767 base pair pcr product was cloned into the bacteriophage m13 and fully sequenced before sub-cloning into the expression vector puc19. the 30 kilodalton (kda) fusion protein of lacz-p27 was expressed as a soluble protein in e. coli jm101 cells and purified to greater than 90% purity by affinity chromatography. ... | 1990 | 2166751 |
| mapping of mutations associated with neurovirulence in monkeys infected with sabin 1 poliovirus revertants selected at high temperature. | poliovirus type 1 neurovirulence is difficult to analyze because of the 56 mutations which differentiate the neurovirulent mahoney strain from the attenuated sabin strain. we have isolated four neurovirulent mutants which differ from the temperature-sensitive parental sabin 1 strain by only a few mutations, using selection for temperature resistance: mutant s(1)37c1 was isolated at 37.5 degrees c, s(1)38c5 was isolated at 38.5 degrees c, and s(1)39c6 and s(1)39c10 were isolated at 39.5 degrees c ... | 1990 | 2168976 |
| carbon-11 labelling of eticlopride in two different positions--a selective high-affinity ligand for the study of dopamine d-2 receptors using pet. | a new highly selective high-affinity dopamine d-2 receptor antagonist, eticlopride ((-)-(s)-5-chloro-3-ethyl-n-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl) methyl)-6-methoxysalicylamide), was labelled with 11c in two different positions ([n-ethyl-11c]eticlopride (i)) and ([methyl-11c]eticlopride (ii)). product i was prepared by n-alkylation of the n-desethyl compound with [11c]ethyl iodide. ii was prepared by o-alkylation of the diphenolic precursor with [11c]methyl iodide followed by separation of the two methyla ... | 1990 | 2170298 |
| long term vascular catheterization of the cynomolgus monkey. | | 1990 | 2170757 |
| metabolism of cysteinyl leukotrienes in monkey and man. | the proinflammatory cysteinyl leukotrienes are inactivated in primates by (a) intravascular degradation, (b) hepatic and renal uptake from the blood circulation, (c) intracellular metabolism of leukotriene e4 (lte4), and (d) biliary and renal excretion of ltc4 degradation products. we have analyzed cysteinyl leukotriene metabolites excreted into bile and urine of the monkey macaca fascicularis and of man. in both species, hepatobiliary leukotriene elimination predominated over renal excretion. i ... | 1990 | 2174780 |
| patterns of cerebral cortex mrna expression. | a pool of 163 clones, isolated by screening 60,000 members of a macaca fascicularis cerebral cortex cdna library with a cortex-minus-cerebellum subtracted probe prepared by the phenol enhancement method, was analyzed by northern blot hybridization studies. one hundred fifty-three of these clones corresponded to 22 rnas whose abundance was at least 2-fold higher in cerebral cortex poly(a)+ rna samples than in samples of cerebellar poly(a)+ rna. seven of these rnas, represented by 131 clones, were ... | 1990 | 2174979 |
| [the sensitivity of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques to the human hepatitis a virus]. | hepatitis a infection characterized by virus excretion in feces, synthesis of specific igm antibody, increased activity of alanine aminotransferase in the blood serum, and a complex of morphological lesions in the liver typical of acute hepatitis was reproduced in m. fascicularis (m. f.) and macaca rhesus (m. r.) using 2 strains of hepatitis a virus (hav) isolated from human patients. the incubation period varying from 9 to 23 (mean 16) days in m. f. and from 12 to 35 (mean 18) days in m. r. in ... | 1990 | 2175064 |
| can atherosclerotic plaques regress? anatomic and biochemical evidence from nonhuman animal models. | for at least 60 years, spotty and poorly documented evidence has suggested that atherosclerotic disease in humans might be reversible. little direct evidence was available until researchers demonstrated that rather advanced atherosclerotic lesions in experimental animals could show marked improvement after blood-lipid-reducing regimens that were often combined with other measures, such as increased ambient oxygen and estradiol therapy. in fact, this combination was used in this laboratory to pro ... | 1990 | 2180269 |
| oral contraceptive administration, interfemale relationships, and sexual behavior in macaca fascicularis. | the effects of oral contraceptive administration on the social relationships of adult female cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were examined. ten females were administered ethinyl estradiol/ethynodiol diacetate (demulen), 10 were administered ethinyl estradiol/norgestrel (ovral), and 10 served as a control group. the monkeys lived in social groups of 5 females each, and patterns of social interaction and social status were recorded. interfemale relationships were also observed when a vase ... | 1990 | 2186714 |
| effects of parenteral recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor on monocyte number, phenotype, and antitumor cytotoxicity in nonhuman primates. | recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhm-csf) was given to cynomolgus monkeys by continuous intravenous infusion or subcutaneous injection, at a dose of 50 to 100 micrograms/kg/d in repetitive 14-day cycles. starting within 24 to 48 hours of initiation of rhm-csf, there was a progressive increase in the number of circulating monocytes, from a baseline of 811 +/- 253 cells/microl to a peak of 3,495 +/- 712 cells/microl on day 5 to 7. many of these cells were large, granular, an ... | 1990 | 2186820 |
| primate trabeculectomies with 5-fluorouracil collagen implants. | bilateral trabeculectomies were performed on four normal cynomolgus monkeys. highly purified bovine skin collagen implants with either 1 mg of 5-fluorouracil or physiologic saline (one each per monkey by randomized, masked assignment) were sutured under the scleral flaps. the randomization code was not broken until all clinical and histopathologic observations had been completed. six weeks postoperatively, the 5-fluorouracil-treated eyes had more deeply open internal trabeculectomy ostia than th ... | 1990 | 2189316 |
| autoradiographic studies in animal models of hemi-parkinsonism reveal dopamine d2 but not d1 receptor supersensitivity. ii. unilateral intra-carotid infusion of mptp in the monkey (macaca fascicularis). | the selective dopaminergic antagonist ligands [3h]sch 23390 and [3h]sulpiride were used to reveal autoradiographically dopamine d1 and d2 receptors, respectively, in brain sections from monkeys which had received unilateral intracarotid infusions of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp), causing loss of dopamine-containing neurones of the substantia nigra pars compacta. the monkeys developed hemi-parkinsonian symptoms (tremor, bradykinesia) in limbs contralateral to the side of the ... | 1990 | 2192772 |
| in vivo and in vitro modulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone metabolism by estradiol and progesterone. | the metabolism of gnrh by membrane-bound and serum-degrading enzymes may play an important role in the regulation of pituitary gonadotropin secretion. we examined gnrh metabolism by pituitary cells in vitro and the metabolism of exogenously administered gnrh in vivo in the presence and absence of estradiol (e2) and progesterone (p4). ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys were implanted with e2- and/or p4-filled silastic capsules to simulate the estrogen and progesterone patterns of the normal menstr ... | 1990 | 2193798 |
| [diagnosis of abortion and fetal death by the ultrasonographical device in cynomolgus monkeys under indoor individually-caged conditions]. | this paper describes the rate of naturally occurring abortion and fetal death that were diagnosed by the use of an ultrasonographical device in 683 pregnant cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) of which 542 were wild-imported monkeys and 141 were colony-bred monkeys. all of these animals had become pregnant by the 3-day timed mating system. the combined rate of abortion and fetal death was 7.0% in the wild-imported animals and 7.8% in the colony-bred animals. there were no significant differ ... | 1990 | 2193816 |
| control of retinal and choroidal blood flow. | earlier studies on the control of retinal and choroidal blood flow are reviewed and some recent observations on the effects of light on retinal metabolism and retinal and choroidal blood flow in monkeys (macaca fascicularis) are reported in preliminary form. the retina is nourished by the retinal blood vessels, where blood flow is autoregulated and the choroidal blood vessels where autoregulation is absent. studies with the deoxyglucose method of sokoloff indicate that flickering light tends to ... | 1990 | 2199239 |
| the psychopharmacology of 5-ht3 receptors. | the review presents evidence that 5-ht3 receptors within the brain may contribute to the control of behavior. 5-ht3 receptor antagonists gr38032f, zacopride, ics 205-930 and other agents are very potent in reducing mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity caused by the injection of amphetamine or infusion of dopamine into the rat nucleus accumbens and amygdala, and the ventral striatum of the marmoset. such actions are distinguished from those of neuroleptic agents by a failure to reduce normal levels ... | 1990 | 2203069 |
| [role of doppler velocimetry in diagnosis of tmj dysfunction. 1. experimentation on macaca fascicularis]. | the aim of this work has been to demonstrate that the tracing obtained by doppler examination is the graphic representation of the movement and the speedy of the condyle and the disk. in order to achieve this result we have proved doppler examination first of all on entire tmj of a macaca fascicularis monkey and than on the same joint without the disk. | 1990 | 2205793 |
| spontaneously occurring congenital polycystic kidney in a cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis). | congenital polycystic kidney disease was diagnosed at necropsy in a stillborn male cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis). this case was very similar to infantile polycystic kidney disease in man and the rhesus monkey, except that no increase in number of intrahepatic bile ducts was observed. | 1990 | 2213859 |
| fluid movement across the blood-retinal barrier: a review of studies by vitreous fluorophotometry. | vitreous fluorophotometry was used to study the fluid movement across the blood-retinal barrier. the effect of plasma osmolality and intraocular pressure on the movement of the fluorescent tracer confirmed the interaction between the tracers and the fluid flow across the blood-retinal barrier. the measurement of outward and inward permeabilities to carboxyfluorescein revealed the existence of a posteriorly directed fluid flow in the vitreous cavity of cynomolgus monkey eyes with retinal detachme ... | 1990 | 2214357 |
| regulation of plasma corticosteroid-binding globulin in adult cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis) during different reproductive states. | the plasma concentration of the corticosteroid-binding globulin (mcbg) has been measured in macaca fascicularis, during different stages of reproduction and under hormonal treatments. the mcbg level was determined by a specific electroimmunoassay. there was no difference between females in the follicular phase and intact males; mcbg concentrations were respectively (mean +/- sem) 469 +/- 53 and 443 +/- 25.6 nmol/l. the mcbg levels levels were similar during both the luteal (469 +/- 33.5 nmol/l) ... | 1990 | 2214775 |
| ultrastructure of interstitial cells of cajal at the gastro-oesophageal junction of the monkey (macaca fascicularis). | the ultrastructure of the interstitial cells of cajal (icc) in the oesophagus of the monkey resembled that described in the oesophagus of other mammalian species but differed in their paucity and almost lack of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, caveolae and filaments. the plasmalemma of the icc was in close contact (20- to 30-nm gaps) with that of smooth muscle cells. this may occasionally take the form of a desmosome, but gap junctions have not been observed. vesiculated axon profiles, containing l ... | 1990 | 2220289 |
| oral contraceptives, lipoproteins, and atherosclerosis. | a nonhuman primate model was developed to study the effects of oral contraceptives on lipoproteins and atherosclerosis. cynomolgus macaques were selected because of their susceptibility to diet-induced atherosclerosis and because their reproductive physiology, menstrual cycle, and circulating sex hormone patterns are similar to those of human females. the first study compared a vaginal ring containing levonorgestrel and estradiol with an oral contraceptive containing norgestrel and ethinyl estra ... | 1990 | 2220963 |
| evaluation of two monkey species (macaca mulatta and macaca fascicularis) as possible models for human helicobacter pylori disease. | endoscopic, histologic, and microbiologic evaluations of 21 cynomolgus and 34 rhesus monkeys for naturally occurring helicobacter pylori infection were done. h. pylori was never isolated from any cynomolgus monkey, but was found in 12 rhesus monkeys. a general correlation existed between a positive culture and a gastric inflammatory response. inoculation challenges were then undertaken. four cynomolgus and five rhesus monkeys received two different h. pylori strains isolated from humans. five rh ... | 1990 | 2229353 |
| use of immunoelectron microscopy to show ebola virus during the 1989 united states epizootic. | a filovirus, serologically related to ebola virus, was detected by "post-embedment" immunoelectron microscopical examination of ma-104 cells. these had been infected by inoculation with serum samples obtained during the 1989 epizootic in cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis), imported from the philippines and maintained at reston, virginia, usa, a primate holding facility. the immunoelectron microscopy method, when used in conjunction with standard transmission electron microscopy (tem) of in ... | 1990 | 2229429 |
| primary structure and anticandidal activity of the major histatin from parotid secretion of the subhuman primate, macaca fascicularis. | a major macaque histatin (m-histatin 1) from the parotid secretion of the subhuman primate, macaca fascicularis, was isolated by gel filtration on bio-gel p-2 and purified to homogeneity by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a tsk-ods c18 column. the complete amino acid sequence of m-histatin 1, determined by automated edman degradation, is: (formula; see text) m-histatin 1 contains 38 amino acid residues, a phosphoserine at residue 2, has a molecular weight of 4881.8, a ca ... | 1990 | 2229609 |
| amygdalar interaction with the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in stimulus-reward associative learning in the monkey. | cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were assessed for their ability to associate visual stimuli with food reward. they learned a series of new 2-choice visual discriminations between colored patterns displayed on a monitor screen. the feedback for correct choice was the delivery of food. in order to promote associative learning between the visual stimuli and the incentive value of the food reward, reward delivery was not accompanied by any distinctive visual feedback on the display screen. ... | 1990 | 2230939 |
| histopathological changes in simian immunodeficiency virus infection. | the histological lesions were studied in seven rhesus and three cynomolgus monkeys infected with simian immunodeficiency virus for periods ranging from nine weeks to 18 months. lymphoreticular changes included hyperplasia, follicular involution and depletion, and one animal had amyloidosis of the spleen. hyperplastic changes also took place in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and infiltrations occurred in the vaginal mucosa of one animal, which could be significant in sexual transmission of the ... | 1990 | 2231195 |
| inoculation of macaca fascicularis with simian immunodeficiency virus, sivmne immunologic, serologic, and pathologic changes. | previous studies had tested the susceptibility of two macaque species, macaca nemestrina and m. mulatta, to infection with the primate lymphotropic lentivirus sivmne. in this report we describe the results obtained after infecting eleven m. fascicularis with sivmne. six of the animals had previously been immunized with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the envelope gene of hiv-1. all eleven animals became seropositive. to date ten animals have died 43 to 155 weeks post infection of an aids ... | 1990 | 2231689 |
| determination of retinal blood velocity with respect to the cardiac cycle using laser-triggered release of liposome-encapsulated dye. | a system of selective angiography has been developed for measuring blood velocity in retinal arteries and veins. it uses a liposome-encapsulated fluorescent dye that is released by application of laser energy in a specific retinal vessel. the method is shown to be able to distinguish between peak systolic velocity and minimum diastolic velocity. in the cynomolgus monkey, the two values were found to differ by approximately a factor of three. it is known that many ocular and systemic diseases aff ... | 1990 | 2233102 |
| nerve growth factor in the primate central nervous system: regional distribution and ontogeny. | an enzyme immunoassay for nerve growth factor was developed to determine the regional distribution and ontogenic change in the macaque (macaca fascicularis) cns. the standard curve of mouse nerve growth factor paralleled the dilution curves of extracts from the primate cns at the adult and pre-natal stages. furthermore, the nerve growth factor immunoreactive material comigrated with mouse nerve growth factor by means of carboxy methyl cellulose chromatography. these findings suggest that the imm ... | 1990 | 2234406 |
| increase in vertical dimension by interpositional bone grafts and subsequent craniofacial growth in adolescent monkeys. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between craniofacial growth and total maxillary osteotomy in adolescent macaca fascicularis monkeys. the monkeys' facial height was increased with the help of interpositional bone grafts. four monkeys underwent surgical procedures, and five served as controls. the changes in growth after surgery were then assessed with the help of conventional cephalometry and osseous implants. lateral cephalometric radiographs of all monkeys were tak ... | 1990 | 2239844 |
| synaptic junctions between sympathetic axon terminals and pinealocytes in the monkey macaca fascicularis. | the distribution of axon terminals in the pineal gland of monkeys was studied by electron microscopy. numerous terminals bearing small pleomorphic agranular and dense-cored vesicles were localized in the perivascular space and among the pinealocytes in the parenchyma in normal monkeys. following bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy, they underwent degenerative changes, including the accumulation of glycogen masses, appearance of dense residual bodies and the displacement of synaptic vesicl ... | 1990 | 2240592 |
| [visual function of cynomolgus monkeys with macula degeneration and peripheral retinal degeneration]. | using the simplified method for judging visual function of the cynomolgus monkey that was established by the present authors (suzuki et al., 1988), forty-four cynomolgus monkeys with normal ophthalmoscopic findings, eleven monkeys with macula degeneration and thirteen monkeys with peripheral retinal degeneration were examined for their visual function. it was demonstrated that the monkeys with macula degeneration were inferior in their visual function to the monkeys with normal fundus. in additi ... | 1990 | 2242769 |
| absence of time-dependent facility increase ("washout") in the perfused enucleated human eye. | during the course of constant-pressure anterior chamber perfusion experiments in eyes from a number of species, measured outflow facility increases progressively with perfusion time. one possible explanation for this phenomenon has been that the technique of perfusion induces a loss of extracellular material from the outflow pathway. therefore, this general observation has been termed the "wash-out" effect. data from the authors' laboratories demonstrate that although outflow facility increases ... | 1990 | 2243003 |
| effects of prostaglandins f2 alpha, a2, and their esters in glaucomatous monkey eyes. | the effect of prostaglandin (pg) f2 alpha-isopropyl ester (ie), pga2, or pga2-ie on intraocular pressure (iop) was tested in eight cynomolgus monkey eyes with argon laser-induced glaucoma. dose-response testing and baseline iop measurements were done. for multiple dose testing, 5 micrograms in 25 microliters (0.02%) of each pg was topically applied twice daily for 5 days. the iop was measured at 30- or 60-minute intervals for 6 hours after the morning dose each day. a significant (p less than 0. ... | 1990 | 2243010 |
| visual receptive field organization and cortico-cortical connections of the lateral intraparietal area (area lip) in the macaque. | the visual receptive field physiology and anatomical connections of the lateral intraparietal area (area lip), a visuomotor area in the lateral bank of the inferior parietal lobule, were investigated in the cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis). afferent input and physiological properties of area 5 neurons in the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus (i.e., area pea) were also determined. area lip is composed of two myeloarchitectonic zones: a ventral zone (lipv), which is densely myelinated ... | 1990 | 2243159 |
| inhibition of coronary artery atherosclerosis by 17-beta estradiol in ovariectomized monkeys. lack of an effect of added progesterone. | although controversy continues, the preponderance of evidence indicates that estrogen replacement therapy favorably influences the risk of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. it remains uncertain how this effect is mediated and whether the cyclic addition of a progestin may influence adversely an estrogen-related cardioprotective effect. we investigated the influence of sex hormone replacement therapy on diet-induced coronary artery atherosclerosis in estrogen-deficient (ovariectomiz ... | 1990 | 2244855 |
| vascular responses to endothelin-1 in atherosclerotic primates. | endothelin-1 (et-1) is a vasoactive peptide that is released by endothelial cells. this study was performed to determine whether vascular responses to et-1 are altered by atherosclerosis. et-1 (1 or 10 nmol) was injected intra-arterially into the perfused hind limb of normal cynomolgus monkeys and monkeys fed an atherogenic diet for 19 months. we calculated the resistance of the total limb and large arteries and estimated the resistance of the small vessels. the major finding was that et-1 had m ... | 1990 | 2244859 |
| effects of timolol on terbutaline- and vip-stimulated aqueous humor flow in the cynomolgus monkey. | the effects of timolol on terbutaline- and vip-stimulated aqueous humor flow were investigated in cynomolgus monkeys, with a labeled albumin dilution method. the maximal increase in aqueous humor flow caused by intracameral (100 micrograms/ml) or intravenous (0.4 micrograms/kg/min) administration of terbutaline was about 100%. the effect of intravenously infused terbutaline was completely abolished by intracameral administration of timolol, 0.1 mg/ml. the same dose of timolol also abolished the ... | 1990 | 2245647 |
| a novel regimen of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) antagonist plus pulsatile gnrh: controlled restoration of gonadotropin secretion and ovulation induction. | using a primate model, we have tested a novel regimen of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) antagonist plus pulsatile gnrh for the achievement of controlled restoration of gonadotropin secretion and ovulation induction. as a prelude, ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys (n = 3) were treated with antide ([n-ac-d-nal(2)1, d-pcl-phe2, d-pal(3)3, lys(nic)5, d-lys(nic)6, lys(ipr)8, d-ala10]-gnrh) (3 mg/kg per day) for 6 consecutive days. on the 7th day, pulsatile gnrh therapy was initiated in a 7 day ... | 1990 | 2245840 |
| oscillatory activity of single units in a somatosensory cortex of an awake monkey and their possible role in texture analysis. | neuronal activity was extracellularly recorded in the cortex of an awake monkey (macaca fascicularis). single units displaying oscillatory firing patterns were found in the upper bank of the lateral sulcus in a region where most of the neurons responded to somatosensory stimuli. the spectral energies of the oscillating activity were distributed in a trimodal fashion--0-15, 15-50, and 80-250 hz--with the most common frequencies around 30 hz. the oscillatory activity was not affected by anesthesia ... | 1990 | 2247469 |
| cryopreservation of spermatozoa from cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis). | three egg-yolk diluents, which have been used successfully in cryopreservation of human spermatozoa, were compared for their ability to protect macaque semen against cryodamage. test (tes + tris + egg yolk), test with 20% skim milk (tsm), and egg yolk-citrate (eyc), each with 3 or 5% glycerol were compared using 12 ejaculates from 6 male cynomolgus macaques. computer-aided analysis of sperm motion was used to determine the percentage motility (%m), curvilinear velocity (vcl), and linearity (lin) ... | 1990 | 2250234 |
| [the effect of highly intensive irradiation on the functional status of the brain in monkeys]. | in experiments with macaca fascicularis a study was made of early manifestations of the central nervous system (cns) disturbances caused by exposure to 24 mev electrons (45 gy). the results obtained permit us to distinguish two main ways (stereotypes) by which a clinical picture of early postirradiation period develops: "comatose" and "non-comatose". a general clinical characteristic of each stereotype and stages of their development are presented. the postirradiation disturbances of nervous and ... | 1990 | 2251349 |
| striking absence of long-lasting effects of early color deprivation on monkey vision. | a monkey (macaca fascicularis) spent its first three months under far red illumination that made color vision impossible. it developed normal spectral sensitivity. in the present study we examined two aspects of color vision that presumably reflect cortical connectivity. in the first part of this article we show that chromatic induction was also unaffected: a blue surrounding made a gray target appear to be yellow to the monkey. at five months of age, the deprived monkey did not readily use colo ... | 1990 | 2253820 |
| in vitro fertilization in nonhuman primates. | ovulation induction, sperm capacitation, and fertilization have been studied for over 50 years in nonhuman primates but it has only been in the past 20 years that extensive studies on sizeable numbers of embryos have been carried out. of over 200 species of nonhuman primates only a few have been studied and the majority of the findings come from studies of the squirrel monkey, baboon, rhesus, and cynomolgus macaque. nevertheless, the fertilization process appears to be similar to that identified ... | 1990 | 2254914 |
| lead-induced behavioral impairment on a spatial discrimination reversal task in monkeys exposed during different periods of development. | a total of 52 monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were dosed orally with vehicle or 1.5 mg/kg/day of lead on one of four dosing regimens (13 monkeys/group): group 1, vehicle only; group 2, dosed with lead from birth onward; group 3, dosed with lead from birth to 400 days of age and vehicle thereafter; group 4, dosed with vehicle from birth to 300 days of age and lead thereafter. blood lead concentrations averaged 3-6 micrograms/dl when monkeys were not being dosed with lead, 32-36 micrograms/dl when b ... | 1990 | 2256120 |
| new non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors: focus on r76713. | r76713 is a novel triazole derivative which selectively blocks the cytochrome p450-dependent aromatase. in human placental microsomes, in fsh-stimulated rat and human granulosa cells and in human adipose stromal cells, 50% inhibition of estradiol biosynthesis was obtained at drug concentrations of 2-10 nm. in pmsg-injected female rats, r76713 lowered plasma estradiol levels by 50 and 90% 2 h after single oral doses of 0.005 and 0.05 mg/kg respectively. after 1 mg/kg, estradiol levels were suppre ... | 1990 | 2257238 |
| changes in excitability of motor units during preparation for movement. | single biceps motor units were recorded in two awake monkeys (macaca fascicularis) during the preparation for and execution of a forearm flexion movement. the motor sequence was organized as follows: after a control period lasting 500 ms, the animal was informed that a preparatory period (pp) was beginning by a preparatory signal (ps) consisting of diffuse sound and light. one to 1.5 s later, the animal was instructed by a bright light response signal (rs) to perform a rapid forearm flexion move ... | 1990 | 2257902 |
| light microscopic and ultrastructural analysis of gaba-immunoreactive profiles in the monkey spinal cord. | it is hypothesized that terminals containing gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) participate in presynaptic inhibition of primary afferents. to date, few convincing gaba-immunoreactive (gaba-ir) axo-axonic synapses have been demonstrated in support of this theory. the goal of this study is to document the relationship between gaba-ir profiles and central terminals in glomerular complexes in lumbar cord of the monkey (macaca fascicularis). in addition, the relationship between gaba-ir profiles and oth ... | 1990 | 2258461 |
| gustatory responses of single neurons in the caudolateral orbitofrontal cortex of the macaque monkey. | 1. in recordings made from 3,120 single neurons, a secondary cortical taste area was found in the caudolateral part of the orbitofrontal cortex of the cynomolgus macaque monkey, macaca fascicularis. the area is part of the dysgranular field of the orbitofrontal cortex and is situated anterior to the primary cortical taste areas in the frontal opercular and adjoining insular cortices. 2. the responses of 49 single neurons with gustatory responses in the caudolateral orbitofrontal taste cortex wer ... | 1990 | 2258734 |
| spontaneous orofacial dyskinesias in a captive cynomolgus monkey: implications for tardive dyskinesia. | we describe a syndrome of spontaneous orofacial dyskinesias and cage stereotypies in a singly housed adult cynomolgus monkey never previously exposed to neuroleptic drugs. abnormal movements were readily suppressed by acute treatment with haloperidol (0.03-0.24 mg/kg i.m.) or sch23390 (0.05-0.2 mg/kg i.m.) but not by physostigmine (0.005-0.04 mg/kg i.m.) or scopolamine (0.0025-0.04 mg/kg i.m.). the symptomatology and response to pharmacological manipulations was indistinguishable from that previ ... | 1990 | 2259355 |
| angiographic study of induced cerebral aneurysms in primates. | five cynomolgus monkeys treated with unilateral carotid ligation, renal hypertension, and beta-aminopropionitrile feeding were studied repeatedly by cerebral angiography to clarify the growth process of saccular cerebral aneurysms. repeated angiography demonstrated saccular cerebral aneurysms in three of five monkeys; two aneurysms were found 15 months and a third 12 months after the operation. at autopsy, one saccular aneurysm was found to be bilocular in shape, and the others were unilocular. ... | 1990 | 2259401 |
| distribution of parvalbumin immunoreactivity in the visual cortex of old world monkeys and humans. | the macaque visual system has been frequently used as a model for understanding functional aspects of human vision. there are, however, few studies directly comparing biochemically defined neuronal populations in the visual cortex of the two species. in this study we compared the distribution and morphological features of the parvalbumin-immunoreactive neuronal subpopulation within humans and old world monkeys (macaca fascicularis and macaca mulatta) by using monoclonal antibodies against the ca ... | 1990 | 2262599 |
| plasma carotenoids of monkeys (macaca fascicularis and saimiri sciureus) fed a nonpurified diet. | the major carotenoid pigments in the plasma and in a common, nonpurified diet of two species of monkeys (macaca fascicularis and saimiri sciureus) were measured. the xanthophylls, lutein, zeaxanthin, alpha-cryptoxanthin, and beta-cryptoxanthin, were the principal carotenoids in both the diet and the plasma. lutein and zeaxanthin were abundant in the all-trans, the 9-cis, and the 13-cis geometrical isomers in the diet, but the 9-cis form was rarely measurable in plasma. however, the 13-cis isomer ... | 1990 | 2262812 |
| scanning electron microscopic study on the vasculature of the human anterior eye segment, especially with respect to the ciliary processes. | the architecture of the vasculature of the human anterior eye segment was studied by scanning electron microscopy of vascular resin casts. regarding the major vessels it was found that the perforating branches of the anterior ciliary arteries (aca) form an anastomozing circle which lies in the posterior portion of the ciliary muscle (intramuscular circle). the acas supply the outer and posterior parts of the ciliary muscle, partly the iris, and the peripheral choroid by recurrent aca branches. t ... | 1990 | 2265676 |
| acute parenteral neurotoxicity of domoic acid in cynomolgus monkeys (m. fascicularis) | to study the cns effects of domoic acid (d.a.), 6 adult cynomolgus monkeys (m. fascicularis) were dosed intraperitoneally (4 mg/kg) or intravenously (0.025-0.5 mg/kg) with d.a. obtained from cultured mussels contaminated with this neurotoxin. clinical signs of neurotoxicity were preceded by a short presymptomatic period (2-3 min) and an even shorter prodromal period (0.5-1 min). the symptomatic period proper was characterized by persistent chewing with frothing, varying degrees of gagging, and v ... | 1990 | 2268382 |