| enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for bancroftian filariasis. | | 1981 | 7022786 |
| the anopheles gambiae giles complex and bancroftian filariasis transmission in a tanzanian coastal village. | | 1981 | 7023404 |
| detection & diagnostic utility of exoantigen of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae. | | 1981 | 7024114 |
| low density microfilaremia of wuchereria bancrofti infections in pre- and post-treatment phases in the philippines. | | 1981 | 7024588 |
| periodicity of microfilariae of human filariasis analysed by a trigonometric method (aikat and das). | the microfilarial periodicity of human filariae was characterized statistically by fitting the observed change of microfilaria (mf) counts to the formula of a simple harmonic wave using two parameters, the peak hour (k) and periodicity index (d) (sasa & tanaka, 1972, 1974). later aikat and das (1976) proposed a simple calculation method using trigonometry (a-d method) to determine the peak hour (k) and periodicity index (p). all data of microfilarial periodicity analysed previously by the method ... | 1981 | 7024589 |
| microfilaria in bone marrow aspirate: a case report. | | 1981 | 7025540 |
| filariasis: a case history. | although hematology technologists performing differentials are expected to maintain a constant alertness for any abnormalities, the recent influx of refugees from parts of the world where blood parasites may be found predicates that particular attention be paid to the possibility of unusual findings. this is illustrated by the detection of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti during the performance of a routine cbc on a 35 year old black female who had delivered a viable female child. | 1981 | 7025631 |
| immunodiagnosis of bancroftian filariasis: comparative efficiency of the indirect hemagglutination test, indirect fluorescent antibody test, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay done with wuchereria bancrofti microfilarial antigens. | the indirect hemagglutination test (ihat), indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) have been applied to the serodiagnosis of bancroftian filariasis employing wuchereria bancrofti mf antigens and the efficiency of these tests in the detection of antibody has been compared. each test was found to be marginally superior to the other two tests with a particular group of endemic sera for the detection of filarial antibody. in other words, the ihat, ifat ... | 1981 | 7025665 |
| filariasis in southeast asia. | filariasis due to wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi and b timori is unevenly distributed in southeast asia. while b malayi and b timori infections are seen in the rural areas, w bancrofti is both an urban and rural problem. control programmes in areas of subperiodic b malayi are complicated by zoonotic transmission mainly from reservoir hosts in some countries. the clinical features and laboratory diagnosis of brugian and bancroftian filariasis are discussed. | 1981 | 7025736 |
| [epidemiology of bancroft's filariasis in africa, asia and oceania]. | | 1981 | 7025767 |
| [types of filariasis]. | on the basis of the work in tropical africa the authors describe the diseases little known in the soviet union: wuchereriosis and onchocerciasis. wide international contacts with countries of hot climate (asia, africa, america) as well as the possibility of infection of soviet people living in these regions for long periods do not exclude importation of these highly communicable diseases into the country. the epidemiology, clinical patterns and pathological anatomy of wuchereriosis and onchocerc ... | 1981 | 7025806 |
| rodent and bovine filarial antigens in detection of antibodies in human bancroftian filariasis by elisa. | | 1981 | 7026432 |
| assay of e and eac rosette forming peripheral lymphocytes in human bancroftian filariasis. | | 1981 | 7026433 |
| [mass chemotherapy with spaced doses of diethylcarbamazine: effects in tahiti on microfilaraemia due to wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica]. | | 1980 | 7028300 |
| comparison of counter-immunoelectrophoresis with other tests in the diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | | 1981 | 7028878 |
| leucocytic agglutination using litomosoides carenii cuticular antigen and the serum of bancroftian filariasis. | | 1981 | 7028879 |
| evaluation of the therapeutic effect of diethylcarbamazine (hetrazan) in bancroftian filariasis using various techniques in upper egypt. | | 1981 | 7028883 |
| some observations on immunological status and immunodiagnosis in bancroftian filariasis. | | 1981 | 7030822 |
| igg-dependent human eosinophil-mediated adhesion and cytotoxicity of litomosoides carinii larvae. | | 1981 | 7030947 |
| seasonal variation in microfilaraemia (bancrofti) density and filaria disease. | | 1980 | 7031121 |
| seasonal prevalence of filaria infection in culex fatigans, from dhanbad, bihar. | | 1980 | 7031122 |
| antibody determination in the diagnosis of wuchereria bancrofti infection in man. | the levels of igg and ige antibodies reacting with somatic antigens of adult setaria digitata and wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae were determined in sera of 90 patients with bancroftian filariasis and 379 non-filarial subjects. antibodies reacting with adult antigens and with soluble microfilarial antigens were seen in both microfilaraemic and amicrofilaraemic patients. antibodies reacting with surface antigens of w. bancrofti microfilariae were seen only in amicrofilaraemic subjects. ige ant ... | 1981 | 7032737 |
| a simplified technique for demonstration of acid phosphatase activity in microfilaria of wuchereria bancrofti. | | 1981 | 7033127 |
| disappearance of some brugia malayi foci from madhya pradesh, orissa and tamil nadu and co-existence of malayan and bancroftian filariasis in some pockets. | | 1980 | 7033355 |
| effect of diethylcarbamazine medicated common salt on wuchereria bancrofti prophylaxis. | | 1980 | 7033356 |
| attempts to establish wuchereria bancrofti in laboratory animals. | | 1980 | 7033357 |
| bancroftian filariasis in coastal north trinidad, west indies: intensity of transmission by culex quinquefasciatus. | the intensity of transmission of wuchereria bancrofti was measured in a coastal community in north trinidad where 15% of the residents were microfilaraemic. the only significant vector, culex quinquefasciatus, was studied in detail to determine seasonal abundance, longevity, infection and infectivity rates. only 2.1% of the indoor biting population and 7.0% of the indoor resting population were infected. the daily mortality rate of the vector increased with age from 27% at four days to 44 to 47% ... | 1981 | 7036432 |
| tests of susceptibility of liberian culex quinquefasciatus to tanzanian wuchereria bancrofti. | culex quinquefasciatus strains of liberian and tanzanian origin were fed on tanzanian donors with wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemias. 11 to 17 days later the mosquitoes were dissected and scored for the presence and numbers of immature and mature filarial larvae. in one experiment a significantly lower susceptibility was found in a liberian compared with a tanzanian strain, but in the other cases there was no significant difference. the susceptibility of the liberian strains was higher than i ... | 1981 | 7036433 |
| chemotherapy with spaced doses of diethylcarbamazine preceded by levamisole on bancroftian filariasis. | the administration of levamisole (2.5 mg/kg) in a single oral dose, the day before beginning weekly spaced dose of diethylcarbamazine (dec), resulted in low blood levels of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti six weeks after commencing treatment. this rapid decrease in microfilaraemia associated with the addition of levamisole overcomes a major disadvantage of using dec alone-namely the necessity to commence spaced dose treatment several months before the transmission season. a further advanta ... | 1981 | 7036437 |
| imported filariasis in pakistan. | night blood surveys for filariasis were carried out in two camps of repatriates from bangladesh. the sample consisted of 1,101 biharis above one year of age of whom 9.0% were found infected with wuchereria bancrofti. the infection rate was significantly higher in males (10.2%) than in females (6.7%). of the three mosquito species (anopheles stephensi, culex pipiens fatigans and c. tritaeniorhynchus) collected in and around the camps, 4.1 and 2.5% of c. p. fatigans were found positive for w. banc ... | 1981 | 7036440 |
| [choice of a direct diagnostic technic for filariasis]. | | 1981 | 7038797 |
| [prevalence and periodicity of bancroft's filaria in diurnal blood from the population of batey ocho (central barahona), dominican republic]. | | 1981 | 7039635 |
| epidemiology of bancroftian filariasis in east godavari district (andhra pradesh)--incidence of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia. | | 1981 | 7040222 |
| [wuchereria bancrofti human aperiodic filariasis in french territory of wallis and futuna (author's transl)]. | human filariasis caused by the aperiodic form of wuchereria bancrofti is one of the main epidemiological problems in wallis and futuna islands. the ecologic features and the public-health service actions for survey and control of this endemic disease are described. biological and clinical results were very satisfactory. | 1981 | 7040905 |
| [epidemiological study of bancroftian filariasis in the logone valley (north cameroon) (author's transl)]. | in the logone valley, yagoua and the surrounding area, the prevalence of the bancroftian filariasis was measured by means of determinating the microfilarian rate: 22,1 p. 100 in males and 9,8 p. 100 in females. the immunofluorescence test on d viteae frozen sections showed the presence of antibodies in 61,5 p. 100 of the males and 68,2 p. 100 of the females. a balance between the microfilarial rate and the percentage of inhabitants with specific antibodies was observed. parasitological and immun ... | 1982 | 7043150 |
| epidemiological studies on bancroftian filariasis in east godavari district (andhra pradesh) : entomological aspects. | | 1981 | 7045199 |
| comparative study of thick smear examination and membrane filter technique in parasitological diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | | 1981 | 7045200 |
| wuchereria bancrofti infections in egypt and their treatment with diethylcarbamazine. | | 1982 | 7045257 |
| serum microfilarial antibody titres before and after treatment of bancroftian microfilaraemia with diethylcarbamazine. | eight filipino patients with wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemia were treated with diethylcarbamazine. the intensity of microfilaraemia and titre of microfilarial agglutinating antibodies were measured over the ensuing six weeks. nuclepore filtration of blood indicated clearing of microfilaraemia in five patients and a reduction in numbers in the other three. several patterns of antibody response were observed. five patients had high initial antibody titres; they did not change significantly af ... | 1981 | 7046072 |
| detection of circulating antigens and immune complexes in feline and human lymphatic filariasis. | circulating worm antigens were detected in 61% to 81% of sera from brugia pahangi -infected cats and in 0-93% of sera from humans with malayan of bancroftian filariasis by counter immunoelectrophoresis and a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using rabbit antisera to b. pahangi adult worms. in some situations, both antigen tests were as sensitive as antibody tests. however, elisa was likely to be affected by the presence of antiglobulins, such as rheumatoid factor, in th ... | 1981 | 7046073 |
| the susceptibility of leaf monkeys to bancroftian filariasis in thailand. | | 1981 | 7046076 |
| observations on bancroftian filariasis in wardha, central india. | | 1981 | 7047486 |
| successful cryopreservation of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae. | a fast freezing technique developed by james (1981) significantly improved the yield of schistosome larvae that could be stored in liquid nitrogen. this was adapted by ham et al. (1981) to the freezing of microfilariae of onchocerca spp. with excellent results. they found 70 to 80% of the cryopreserved larvae remained viable using this method and since then ham (personal communication) has successfully applied the same technique to brugia malayi microfilariae. the further application to wucherer ... | 1982 | 7048649 |
| chemotherapy with diethylcarbamazine and levamisole in bancroftian filariasis. | field trials in which spaced doses of dec were given once weekly, monthly or bi-monthly (or combinations of these intervals) cleared microfilariae (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti from the blood in 78% if persons examined at six months. this reduction of microfilaraemia was maintained at a four years follow up examination. all regimens were well tolerated. in areas where mf rates were less than 12% a total dose of 36-48 mg/kg of dec was effective. higher doses (72 mg/kg) are required where mf rates ... | 1981 | 7048668 |
| seroepidemiology of bancroftian filariasis in the seychelles islands. | wuchereria bancrofti is the only human filarioid present in the seychelles archipelago. the last parasitological survey carried out in mahé revealed a microfilaraemia rate of 3.6%. serum samples from 417 native individuals living in mahé were tested for the presence of filarial antibodies by elisa method, using crude soluble extract of brugia pahangi adult worm as antigen. the results seem to show a proportion of the population (17%) has been exposed to w. bancrofti (with od values greater than ... | 1982 | 7048670 |
| the examination--time/dose interval in the provocation of nocturnally periodic microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti with diethylcarbamazine and the practical uses of the test. | the administration of diethylcarbamazine (dec) in the daytime in areas where microfilariae (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi exhibit nocturnal periodicity provokes mf to enter the peripheral blood. the importance of relating the dose of dec and time when the blood specimen is taken is emphasized. the main practical uses of this provocative day test are as a routine diagnostic tool, in estimating prevalence and density of mf in a community, as a preliminary screening method for asses ... | 1982 | 7048671 |
| cytologic detection of parasitic disorders. | parasitic diseases are common in developing countries; yet they are infrequently diagnosed in cytologic material. six cases are described where routine cytologic examination identified the parasites and suggested the diagnosis. there were three cases of entamoeba histolytica infection of the female genital tract and one each of hydatid cyst of the brain, strongyloides stercoralis infection of the lung and filarial infection of the urinary bladder. to our knowledge, cytologic diagnosis of hydatid ... | 1982 | 7048830 |
| detection of filarial antibodies in malayan and bancroftian filariasis by the indirect fluorescent antibody test, using different filarial antigens. | indirect fluorescent antibody tests (ifat) using wuchereria bancrofti infective larvae as antigen had the highest positivity rates in detecting malayan and bancroftian filariasis as compared to ifat using antigens prepared from 5 other animal filarial species, brugia pahangi, dirofilaria immitis, dipetalonema viteae, litomosoides carinii and onchocerca gutturosa. this study also recommends the use of human filarioids as the source of antigen in serological tests. however, before b. malayi and es ... | 1982 | 7051338 |
| evaluation of the diethylcarbamazine provocative test in the diagnosis of wuchereria bancrofti infections in the nigerian savanna and the effects on dipetalonema perstans. | large scale filariasis surveys in rural areas for microfilaraemia, especially of periodic types such as wuchereria bancrofti are known to cause considerable administrative, technical and social problems. the present investigation was carried out in the population of two villages in the malumfashi district of the northern nigerian savanna. from the survey results, the sensitivity and specificity of two techniques-day-time diethylcarbamazine (dec) provocative test by blood smear and concentration, ... | 1982 | 7051456 |
| exposure and susceptibility in human helminthiasis. | | 1982 | 7051494 |
| identification of some common infective filarial larvae in malaysia. | infective larvae of wuchereria, brugia, breinlia, dirofilaria and setaria species from an experimental vector, aedes togoi, are compared. the distinctive bubble-like caudal papillae of wuchereria bancrofti are readily distinguishable from the protuberant ones of brugia spp; the 'ear-like' papillae of breinlia are distinct from the 'knob-like' ones of dirofilaria or the 'thorn-like' terminal papilla of setaria. | 1982 | 7069185 |
| endemic filariasis on a pacific island. i. clinical, epidemiologic, and parasitologic aspects. | the clinical and parasitologic aspects of filariasis were investigated in 459 inhabitants of a south pacific island endemic for subperiodic wuchereria bancrofti filariasis. episodes of filarial fevers, usually with concomitant lymphangitis and/or lymphadenitis, were experienced by 26%. lymphobstructive lesions, manifest in the later decades of life, were present in 12 with elephantiasis and 24 with hydroceles. microfilaremia was detectable by membrane filtration of 1 ml of blood in 33% of person ... | 1982 | 7125061 |
| ige antibodies are more species-specific than igg antibodies in human onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis. | to explore the relative species specificities of the ige and igg antibody responses to helminth infections in man, we studied four pools of sera from patients infected with wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi, onchocerca volvulus or ascaris lumbricoides and ten individual sera from patients with onchocerciasis. ige antibodies were detected by radioallergosorbent test (rast) analysis and igg antibodies by a staphylococcus protein a radioimmunoassay (staph a-ria). analysis of the binding curves wi ... | 1982 | 7199027 |
| [intake of microfilariae by the vector in the case of a low microfilareamia (author's transl)]. | the study of the intake of microfilariae of dipetalonema dessetae by aedes aegypti leads to two conclusions with respect to the microfilaraemia: --there is no concentration of microfilariae in the uptake of blood by aedes. --the microfilariae are nearly homogeneously distributed in the vertebrate host blood available to the vector for feeding. such a distribution of microfilariae in the cutaneous blood supply of the host gives the maximum chance for a mosquito to become infected when taking a bl ... | 1982 | 7200752 |
| some aspects on biting cycles of culex quinquefasciatus in bangkok. | the indoor and outdoor biting cycles of culex quinquefasciatus were studied in bangkok. the biting cycle was nocturnally periodic and preferably endophilic in character. there were two minor peaks on top of the nocturnally periodic peak. the first peak was between 2200 and 2300 hours, the latter peak was after midnight being at 0100 and 0400 hours. parous mosquitoes formed 0%-20.0% of hourly total population. more parous mosquitoes were collected indoor and also during in the latter half of the ... | 1981 | 7256358 |
| [studies of the numerical distribution of microfilariae in foci of lymphatic filariasis (author's transl)]. | the frequency distribution of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae counts in capillary blood, at a community level, is shown to differ significantly from the log-normal distribution, commonly used (and recommended by who). a much better fit is obtained with a truncated negative-binomial distribution, the k exponent of which is estimated to 0.3. this value does not seem to be affected by the endemic level, by microfilaricide mass-treatments or by the blood sample volume. this result has immediate p ... | 1980 | 7414676 |
| short report: peak period of filarial transmission. | this study was designed to determine the peak period of infective mosquito biting and thus the greatest potential for filarial transmission to occur. it was found that biting density, natural infection, and infectivity rates of culex quinquefasciatus were significantly higher in the third quadrant of the night (from midnight to 3:00 am) than at other times. this was true in both an urban and a rural environment. avoidance of mosquito bite by any means during this time period might reduce and lim ... | 1995 | 7485689 |
| evaluation of a recombinant antigen-based antibody assay for diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis in egypt. | | 1995 | 7487232 |
| lymphoscintigraphic analysis of lymphatic abnormalities in symptomatic and asymptomatic human filariasis. | to obtain high-resolution radionuclide lymphoscintigraphic images of affected limbs in persons with both symptomatic and asymptomatic filarial infection, 36 volunteers were recruited from a wuchereria bancrofti-endemic area of recife, brazil, for a prospective, controlled analysis. subjects were stratified after determination of serologic and clinical determinants of filarial infection status. widespread lymphatic abnormalities were found in clinically asymptomatic microfilaremic persons, who ha ... | 1994 | 7523538 |
| a modified staining method to detect wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae in thick-smear preparations. | | 1995 | 7537954 |
| ultrastructural and cytochemical aspects of the cuticle of adult wuchereria bancrofti (nematoda: filarioidea). | because of the practical limitations of obtaining viable adult forms of the wuchereria bancrofti, the major species responsible for human lymphatic filariasis, only few ultrastructural studies were carried out. adult worms present the cuticle as the interface structure between host and parasite. cuticle structure and the demonstration of the presence of basic proteins, lipids, small amounts of terminal carbohydrate residues, phospholipids and collagen in the cuticle was undertaken on thin sectio ... | 1995 | 7543460 |
| a great success in lymphatic filariasis control in china. national technical steering group for filariasis control and research, moph. | lymphatic filariasis control was first included in national program in 1956. since then, a large scale anti-filariasis campaign has been carried out extensively throughout the endemic areas. from 1956-1994, a cumulative total of 707,421,736 person-time were comprised in nationwide blood examination, and a total of 260,041,645 person-time dec chemotherapy were conducted (including selective treatment, mass chemotherapy and dec-fortified salt). up to 1994, all of the 864 endemic counties/cities in ... | 1995 | 7554168 |
| bancroftian filariasis in two urban areas of recife, brazil: pre-control observations on infection and disease. | bancroftian filariasis is a major public health problem in the city of recife in north-eastern brazil. in some of its urban areas microfilaraemia prevalence reaches 14%. this study describes epidemiological characteristics, infection and disease, in 2 urban areas, coque and mustardinha, before control measures were applied. the parasitological survey was performed by a 'door-to-door' census covering 5563 subjects, aged between 5 and 65 years. microfilaraemia was detected by the thick drop techni ... | 1995 | 7570866 |
| chronic pulmonary disorders, including tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, in villages with endemic lymphatic filariasis in tanga region and in tanga town, tanzania. | to investigate the occurrence of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (tpe), studies were undertaken in 3 villages with endemic lymphatic filariasis in the coastal area of tanga region, tanzania, and in the outpatient clinic of bombo regional hospital in tanga town; 73 persons from the villages and 104 from the outpatient clinic with a history of lung disease suggestive of tpe were included in the study. following clinical examination, lung function tests and chest x-rays were performed. total leucoc ... | 1995 | 7570881 |
| direct assessment of the adulticidal efficacy of a single dose of ivermectin in bancroftian filariasis. | although the potent microfilaricidal activity of ivermectin is well established, its efficacy against adult wuchereria bancrofti is unknown. we used longitudinal ultrasound examinations for periods of 3-9 months to assess directly the macrofilaricidal effect of a single 400 micrograms/kg dose of ivermectin in 15 men from recife, brazil who were infected with w. bancrofti. before treatment, microfilarial densities ranged from 3 to 3098 microfilariae per ml of blood, and movements characteristic o ... | 1995 | 7570894 |
| full-length, live, adult filarial worm in a fine needle aspirate of an epididymal nodule. | | 1995 | 7571956 |
| selective diethylcarbamazine chemotherapy for control of bancroftian filariasis in two communities of tanzania: compared efficacy of a standard dose treatment and two semi-annual single dose treatments. | the efficacy of two strategies for control of bancroftian filariasis using selective rather than community-wide diethylcarbamazine (dec) chemotherapy was evaluated and compared in two endemic communities of north-eastern tanzania, with pretreatment microfilariae (mf) prevalences of 22% and 38%, and geometric mean intensities (gmis) of 668 mf/ml and 735 mf/ml of blood. all mf-positive cases in the first community were offered treatment with 6 mg of dec/kg of body weight a day for 12 days (group 1 ... | 1995 | 7573711 |
| differential recognition of microfilarial chitinase, a transmission-blocking vaccine candidate antigen, by sera from patients with brugian and bancroftian filariasis. | we examined the reactivity of human sera with recombinant microfilarial chitinase and with the antigenic determinant on the native parasite molecule identified by monoclonal antibody (mab) mf1. in brugian filariasis, the mf1 epitope is preferentially recognized by residents of endemic areas who remain amicrofilaremic and asymptomatic despite lifelong exposure to filarial worms. reactivity with filarial chitinase and its mf1 epitope inversely correlates with microfilaremia levels in bancroftian f ... | 1995 | 7573715 |
| [study of malaria vectors in the south-west of madagascar]. | the authors describe the results of an entomological study run in december 1994 in the little town of bezaha (south-western madagascar). the observed entomological indexes are those of an intensive malaria transmission area. the authors suggest to organize a longitudinal entomological survey along with a clinical and parasitological study. they also point out the fact that they found two microfilariae wuchereria bancrofti in an anopheles funestus female. | 1994 | 7575037 |
| bancroftian filariasis: profile of serum antifilarial antibody and circulating parasite antigen. | forty-five serum specimens collected from persons living in a filaria-endemic community in maili nane, coastal kenya were analyzed by elisa for levels of isotype specific antifilarial antibody and by og4c3 elisa for circulating parasite antigen. mean levels of igg1, igg2, and igg3 were lower in microfilaraemic persons than in amicrofilaraemic individuals. in contrast, mean levels of antifilarial igg4 were significantly higher in microfilaraemic persons (p = 0.0374). serum samples from all microf ... | 1995 | 7588141 |
| clinico-epidemiological study of lymphatic filariasis southwestern ethiopia. | clinical and parasitological night blood surveys have been carried out for lymphatic filariasis in people living in two communities adjacent to the baro river, near the town of gambella in 1993. the survey covered more than 90% of the population in tektak and ketch. inhabitants were registered and detailed information on prevalence, and intensity of microfilaremia and clinical symptoms was obtained. the overall microfilaria prevalence, using the counter chamber technique, was 20.7% with males an ... | 1995 | 7588653 |
| an immunodominant antigen of brugia malayi is an asparaginyl-trna synthetase. | lymphatic filariasis is caused by infection with the filarial nematodes brugia malayi, brugia timori, wuchereria bancrofti and onchocerca volvulus which collectively infect about 200 million persons throughout the world. protein sequence homology analysis of a major nematode antigen suggested that it was a class ii aminoacyl-trna synthetase. the overproduction, purification and verification that the major b. malayi antigen is an asparaginyl-trna synthetase is described. | 1995 | 7589498 |
| periodicity of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae in south western ethiopia. | as part of a clinical and epidemiological study of lymphatic filariasis in southwestern ethiopia the microfilarial density in the blood of two male and two female volunteers from the village of ketch (near the town of gambella) was determined every four hours for a 24-hour period using the counting chamber technique. in the blood of the volunteers the majority of the microfilariae appeared between 20 and 04 hours with peak at 24 hours (range at peak time + 3060-3560 mf/ml blood) depicting a noct ... | 1995 | 7601081 |
| comparative exsheathment of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti in certain mosquito species. | the exsheathment of ingested microfilariae (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti in their vector culex. (cx.) pipiens and in a refractory mosquito species aedes (ae.) caspius was assessed. no exsheathed mf were encountered in the mid gut of tested mosquitoes, while they were observed in abdomen and thoracic muscles. all exsheathed mf migrated from the mid gut of both tested species. the lowest percentage of ingested mf was recorded in the mid gut of cx. pipiens and the thoracic muscles of ae. caspius one ... | 1995 | 7602164 |
| variation in the vector competence of aedes polynesiensis for wuchereria bancrofti. | the vector competences of 6 geographic strains of aedes polynesiensis for wuchereria bancrofti were studied using two types of experimental infections. experimental infection of laboratory-bred mosquitoes fed on the carriers' forearms with different levels of microfilaraemia showed that microfilariae (mf) uptake was directly proportional to the carrier's mf density and, as mf densities decreased, concentration capacity of ae. polynesiensis increased. it was also shown that infection has an impor ... | 1995 | 7609987 |
| wuchereria bancrofti (filariidea: dipetalonematidae) and its vector aedes polynesiensis (diptera: culicidae) in a french polynesian village. | in march 1991, a study on wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold, 1887) infection rates in its vector, aedes polynesiensis marks, was carried out in a village of french polynesia. our data were collected 10 yr after the suspension of human mass chemoprophylaxis and served as a baseline for pending ivermectin treatment scheduled in 1991-1993. in total, 1,789 biting females were collected, of which 1,740 were dissected and 1,183 (68%) were parous. among these, 106 (8.96%) were infected with w. bancrofti an ... | 1995 | 7616526 |
| wuchereria bancrofti in bal fluid of a woman with a concomitant breast lesion. | | 1995 | 7621727 |
| clearance of circulating filarial antigen as a measure of the macrofilaricidal activity of diethylcarbamazine in wuchereria bancrofti infection. | small doses of diethylcarbamazine (dec) clear microfilariae (mf) from the blood of wuchereria bancrofti-infected persons, but the dose and regimen required to kill adult worms is not clearly defined. a prospective study was undertaken to examine the macrofilaricidal effect of dec and the ability of an assay for circulating filarial antigen (cfa) to define the effect. twenty-five mf-positive subjects and 7 mf-negative but cfa-positive subjects were treated with dec and followed for 18 months. of ... | 1995 | 7622896 |
| facilitation in anopheles and spontaneous disappearance of filariasis: has the concept been verified with sufficient evidence? | the validity of recently much argued phenomenon of facilitation in the transmission of filariasis was considered by examining previously published papers. it was concluded that there was no clear evidence to support the existence of facilitation and facilitation-based unstable equilibrium in relation to microfilaria prevalence and density in human population below which filariasis would spontaneously disappear, even when the vector was anopheles mosquitoes. instead, the existence of a critical l ... | 1995 | 7631124 |
| combination ivermectin plus diethylcarbamazine, a new effective tool for control of lymphatic filariasis. | in 1993, a three arm double-blind controlled trial was implemented in french polynesia, to compare the tolerance and efficacy of single doses of the combination ivermectin (ivr) 400 micrograms.kg-1 plus diethylcarbamazine (dec) 6mg.kg-1 vs ivr 400 micrograms.kg-1 or dec 6 mg.kg-1 alone, for treatment of wuchereria bancrofti carriers. of the 57 treated male patients in whom microfilaremia (mf) densities ranged from 22 to 4,709 mf/ml, three groups of 19 were randomly selected, and allocated to one ... | 1995 | 7631132 |
| traumatic rupture of filarial spleen. | | 1995 | 7657368 |
| comparative efficacy of three different diethylcarbamazine regimens in lymphatic filariasis. | to assess the efficacy of diethylcarbamazine (dec) in clearing wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae (mf) from the circulation, we conducted a single blind hospital-based therapeutic trial of 3 dec regimens. all patients were assessed by filtration of 1 ml of venous blood taken before and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after dec administration. the efficacy of a 12 d course of 6 mg/kg dec once daily was identical to that of a similar course with 2 mg/kg given 3 times daily, indicating that split-dose treatm ... | 1995 | 7660449 |
| dirofilaria repens infection in northern israel. | the fourth case of zoonotic dirofilaria repens infection in israel is reported, and the diagnostic morphologic characteristics of this filariid are reviewed. the importance of the exact anatomic diagnosis of this filaria is stressed in view of the fact that israel has pockets of settlers from east africa, a region endemic for lymphatic filariasis (wuchereria bancrofti). since the possibility of introduction of such an infection into the country exists, differentiating this zoonotic dirofilaria f ... | 1995 | 7661283 |
| epidemiological surveillance of filariasis after its control in shandong province, china. | shandong province used to be the highly endemic area of wuchereria bancrofti. culex pipiens pallens was the main mosquito vector. after about 30 years of large scale anti-filariasis control campaign, filariasis was controlled throughout the province in 1983. since then, extensive cross-sectional and consecutive longtitudinal surveillances have been carried out. parasitological and entomological data indicated that the microfilaremia rate of the human population, and the natural infection rate of ... | 1994 | 7667720 |
| micro-spatial variation in filarial disease and risk of developing disease associated with microfilaremia in urban situation. | clinical and parasitological surveys were carried out concurrently during 1986 in pondicherry. the analyses showed that there was no significant micro-spatial variation in prevalence of total diseases (acute and chronic) and the manifestations such as hydrocele and lymphedema in the different zones and stations of pondicherry urban area, a stable endemic area. analyses on different filariometric indices in different stations showed a significant correlation between disease and mf prevalence (r = ... | 1994 | 7667721 |
| comparative study of dot-immunogold silver staining and dot-elisa for the detection of serum antibodies against wuchereria bancrofti. | dot-immunogold silver staining (dot-igss) and dot-elisa, using the soluble antigen of brugia malayi, were employed to detect anti-wuchereria bancrofti antibodies in 50 cases of wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia. the positive rates were 100% and 90% in dot-igss and dot-elisa respectively. the average titer in the 45 positive cases was 1:184 (1:10-1:2560) for dot-igss and 1:150 (1:10-1:2560) for dot-elisa, with 30 cases showing the same titer in both tests, 13 cases showing higher titer in dot-i ... | 1994 | 7667722 |
| bancroftian filariasis in kwale district of kenya. iii. quantification of the ige response in selected individuals from an endemic community. | one hundred and sixty-two individuals from a community in kwale district, kenya, endemic for bancroftian filariasis, were selected for a study on the ige response to filarial antigen (prepared from adult brugia pahangi). following clinical and parasitological examination, the individuals were grouped into different categories, based on the presence/absence of microfilaraemia, the presence/absence of acute or chronic (hydrocele or elephantiasis) clinical manifestations, and age. the total and fil ... | 1995 | 7668920 |
| filariasis in the labour population of a tea estate in upper assam. | preliminary random and mass blood surveys undertaken between 2000-0100 h in a tea garden of upper assam revealed more than 8 per cent positivity for microfilaria (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti. the mf carriers were considerably high among males (73) as compared to females (48). culex quinquefasciatus was incriminated as a vector with man hour density of 68.5 in human dwellings (indoors). the detection of mf in children who had never moved from the area and filaria larvae in vector mosquitoes colle ... | 1995 | 7672834 |
| cloning, over-expression and evaluation of a recombinant fusion protein of wuchereria bancrofti towards its application as a diagnostic agent for bancroftian filariasis. | a low molecular weight (15 kda) surface antigen of the cattle filarial nematode, setaria digitata, was earlier shown to be specifically recognized by the antibodies from human bancroftian filarial (mf positive) patients' sera (theodore & kaliraj, 1990). the filarial specific antibodies bound to a 15 kda peptide in preparative western blots were eluted and employed in screening of candidate antigens expressed in the genomic library of wuchereria bancrofti at the igg4 subclass antibody level. a re ... | 1993 | 7686281 |
| lymphoscintigraphic assessment of the effect of diethylcarbamazine treatment on lymphatic damage in human bancroftian filariasis. | despite many millions of doses administered over the past 40 years, basic and crucial issues regarding the use, mode of action, and effectiveness of diethylcarbamazine (dec) in many clinical situations remain unresolved. to directly investigate whether the well-known microfilaricidal and macrofilaricidal actions of dec actually result in subsequent improvement in existing damage to lymphatic vessels or lymph nodes, 29 study subjects in recife, brazil were stratified into three groups according t ... | 1995 | 7694968 |
| determination of the earliest appearance and peak count of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi after taking a single dose of diethylcarbamazine at noon. | six nocturnal microfilarial carriers (three with wuchereria bancrofti and three with brugia malayi) from mainland china were selected to determine the earliest appearance and peak count of microfilariae (mf) administration of dec at noon. before diethylcarbamazine (dec) administration, blood samples of 60 microliters were obtained by finger-prick at 2 h intervals for 24 h. a blood sample was then taken just before each carrier intaking 100 mg, 150 mg or 200 mg of dec orally at noon. after drug a ... | 1994 | 7706675 |
| abnormal lymphatic function in presymptomatic bancroftian filariasis. | despite the common association of filarial infection with elephantiasis, the great majority of those infected are in fact clinically asymptomatic microfilariae carriers. the assumption has been that infection but not disease exists in these presymptomatic persons. in an area brazil where wuchereria bancrofti is endemic, flow studies done with dynamic radionuclide lymphoscintigraphy were used to compare 30 limbs from asymptomatic microfilaremic subjects with 16 control limbs. geometric mean value ... | 1995 | 7706830 |
| parasitological and clinical studies on wuchereria bancrofti infection in chuuk (formerly truk) state, federated states of micronesia. | a total of 2193 people in 14 villages on 9 islands was examined for microfilaria (mf). the average mf rate of those examined was 2.6%. high mf rates of 7-10% were obtained in 3 villages on 3 islands. analysed by sex and age, the highest mf rates were observed among males of age > or = 20 years (6-10%). a clinical study conducted on 466 adult males of age > or = 15 years showed that the average hydrocele rate was 3.4% and that of elephantiasis 0.4%. for the ages > or = 50 years the hydrocele rate ... | 1994 | 7716401 |
| cytochemical analysis of the sheath of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi. | thin sections of epon and lowicryl embedded microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy aiming at topochemical characterization of the sheath. three layers could be distinguished. some of the layers were labeled when incubated in the presence of antibodies, lectins and enzymes which recognize extracellular matrix components usually associated with the basal laminae lining epithelial cells. | 1994 | 7716402 |
| pleural effusion due to lymphatic filariasis. | a case of pleural effusion is reported. pleural biopsy showed microfilariae on histopathological examination. treatment with diethyl carbamazine yielded excellent results. filarial aetiology should be included in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic pleural effusions, especially in endemic areas. | 1994 | 7737704 |
| longevity and migration of wuchereria bancrofti infective larvae and their distribution pattern in relation to the resting and feeding behaviour of the vector mosquito, culex quinquefasciatus. | the longevity, migration and distribution of infective larvae (l3) of wuchereria bancrofti within the host mosquito were studied by feeding culex quinquefasciatus on microfilaraemic human blood and allowing the microfilariae to develop to l3. the l3 were found to remain alive and active for 46-50 days, i.e. as long as the host mosquitoes survived. the larvae started their migration to the head of the mosquito soon after their development to l3, on day 13 after the initial, infective bloodmeal. a ... | 1995 | 7741593 |
| immunological studies on an onchocerca volvulus intermediate-filament protein. | we report the complete sequence of the cdna encoding an intermediate filament (if) protein from onchocerca volvulus. the ovif cdna encodes a protein of 613 amino acid residues, which has a predicted molecular weight of approximately 70 kd. the size of the protein encoded by the ovif cdna corresponds well with estimates obtained in western blotting experiments, but these same experiments suggest that onchocerca sp. may contain at least two if proteins. to identify the domain(s) of the ovif protei ... | 1995 | 7761109 |
| can lymphatic filariasis be eradicated in papua new guinea? | | 1994 | 7771116 |
| diethylcarbamazine in the control of bancroftian filariasis in the ok tedi area of papua new guinea: phase 2--annual single-dose treatment. | the phase 1 semiannual single-dose 6 mg/kg diethylcarbamazine (dec) treatment program demonstrated a significant reduction for wuchereria bancrofti in the ok tedi area of western province, papua new guinea. the rate of detectable microfilaraemia was effectively reduced from 39% to 11% and mean microfilarial (mf) densities from 79mf/20 microliters to 19mf/20 microliters. the phase 2 annual single-dose treatment of 6mg/kg dec not only maintained the gains made during phase 1 but reduced the microf ... | 1994 | 7771117 |
| introduction of an integrated community-based bancroftian filariasis control program into the mt bosavi region of the southern highlands of papua new guinea. | in mid-1987 a baseline microfilarial prevalence survey was conducted among five villages in the mt bosavi region of the southern highlands province of papua new guinea. through use of the nucleopore filtration technique, it was determined that 48% of villagers had detectable microfilaraemia. the highest prevalence was documented in fogomaiyu, where the microfilaraemia rate was 92%. on the basis of this initial survey and the expressed interest of the community, the division of health in the sout ... | 1994 | 7771118 |