| activity of a new triazole, sch 56592, compared with those of four other antifungal agents tested against clinical isolates of candida spp. and saccharomyces cerevisiae. | sch 56592 is a new triazole agent with potent, broad-spectrum antifungal activity. the in vitro activities of sch 56592, itraconazole, fluconazole, amphotericin b, and flucytosine (5-fc) against 404 clinical isolates of candida spp. (382 isolates) and saccharomyces cerevisiae (22 isolates) were investigated. in vitro susceptibility testing was performed by a broth microdilution method performed according to national committee for clinical laboratory standards guidelines. overall, sch 56592 was v ... | 1997 | 9021172 |
| variations in dna subtype and antifungal susceptibility among clinical isolates of candida tropicalis. | candida tropicalis has been known to be a major cause of invasive candida infection. numerous reports have documented c. tropicalis as the most common species of candida other than c. albicans. the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of c. tropicalis are poorly defined. a series of 89 clinical isolates of c. tropicalis from 56 patients hospitalized at seven different u.s. medical centers were analyzed by restriction endonuclease analysis of genomic dna (reag) using the restriction enzymes ... | 1997 | 9147006 |
| secular trends in the epidemiology of nosocomial fungal infections at a teaching hospital in taiwan, 1981 to 1993. | to describe the incidence and patterns of nosocomial fungal infection in a large teaching hospital in taiwan. | 1997 | 9154483 |
| the epidemiology of hematogenous candidiasis caused by different candida species. | the medical records of patients with hematogenous candidiasis at m. d. anderson cancer center (houston) between 1988 and 1992 were retrospectively reviewed. there were 491 episodes of infection (6 per 1,000 admissions), 79% of which occurred outside the intensive care unit setting. a significant decrease in incidence was observed among patients with leukemia over the study period, together with a relative decrease in candida albicans and candida tropicalis infections and an increase in candida k ... | 1997 | 9195068 |
| the effect of formaldehyde on the growth of candida diddensii 74-10 and candida tropicalis r-70. | the effects of formaldehyde on the growth of two strains of fodder yeasts candida diddensii 74-10 and candida tropicalis r-70 were investigated using the method of continuous cultivation under conditions of carbon limitation and at dilution rates of 0.1/h and 0.25/h. the results indicate that formaldehyde induces a decrease in the yield of biomass, but stimulates the synthesis of protein and rna. the authors studied the activities of the following enzymes: nadph-linked glutamate dehydrogenase, n ... | 1997 | 9204517 |
| characterization of the intron-containing citrate synthase gene from the alkanotrophic yeast candida tropicalis: cloning and expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | citrate synthase, an essential enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in mitochondria, was purified from acetate-grown candida tropicalis. results from sds-page and gel filtration showed that this enzyme was a dimer composed of 45-kda subunits. a citrate synthase cdna fragment was amplified by the 5'-race method. nucleotide sequence analysis of this cdna fragment revealed that the deduced amino acid sequence contained an extended leader sequence which is suggested to be a mitochondrial targeting ... | 1997 | 9211708 |
| killer toxins of certain yeast strains have potential growth inhibitory activity on gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. | the killer yeast strains which are encountered most frequently among species in the genera saccharomyces, candida, hansenula, pichia and kluyveromyces (ten killer strains in toto) were tested for the activity of their toxins on the growth of some pathogenic bacteria (four gram-positive and six gram-negative strains) in a test in which purified toxins were not required. neither toxins of the killer saccharomyces cerevisiae and pichia membranefaciens strains were active against the bacterial strai ... | 1997 | 9218351 |
| cloning and characterization of a gene (lip1) which encodes a lipase from the pathogenic yeast candida albicans. | extracellular phospholipases are demonstrated virulence factors for a number of pathogenic microbes. the opportunistic pathogen candida albicans is known to secrete phospholipases and these have been correlated with strain virulence. in an attempt to clone c. albicans genes encoding secreted phospholipases, saccharomyces cerevisiae was transformed with a c. albicans genomic library and screened for lipolytic activity on egg-yolk agar plates, a traditional screen for phospholipase activity. two i ... | 1997 | 9043110 |
| [yeast infections: causative agents and their antifungal resistance in hospitalized pediatric patients and hiv-positive adults]. | candidiasis has increased its frequency over the last decade, particularly among hospitalized patients where it is accompanied with high rates of mortality, and in patients with aids who are predisposed to oropharyngeal or esophageal candidiasis. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of appearance of different yeast species and the resistance profile to current antifungal drugs in hospitalized pediatric patients and adult hiv patients from 5 institutions of buenos aires city and s ... | 1997 | 9229726 |
| granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-primed leukocyte transfusions in candida tropicalis fungemia in neutropenic patients. | optimal management of fungemia in neutropenic patients is still controversial. several reports have already stressed the poor prognosis in invasive candidiasis (80% mortality in several reports). therefore granulocyte transfusions would appear to be useful in the management of these infections. we report the use of rhg-csf-primed granulocyte transfusions plus amphotericin b in two neutropenic patients who developed life-threatening systemic fungal infections. this approach was successful and bot ... | 1997 | 9234594 |
| inhibition of acyl-coa oxidase by phenol and its implication in measurement of the enzyme activity via the peroxidase-coupled assay system. | yeast (candida tropicalis) acyl-coa oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of a variety of acyl-coa substrates to their corresponding alpha-beta enoyl-coa products, with concomitant reduction of the buffer-dissolved o2 to h2o2. by utilizing indolepropionyl-coa as a chromogenic substrate, we could measure the enzyme activity either directly by monitoring formation of the reaction product indoleacryloyl-coa (lambda(max) = 367 nm) or indirectly by measuring the formation of h2o2 via the oxidative-coupled ... | 1997 | 9234897 |
| transformation of chlororesorcinol by the hydrocarbonoclastic yeasts candida maltosa, candida tropicalis, and trichosporon oivide. | the inhibitory effects of chlorinated monoaromatic compounds on three hydrocarbonoclastic yeasts grown on glucose or resorcinol were examined. at concentrations of 1.0 m, all of the monoaromatic compounds were inhibitory. when the concentration of chlororesorcinol was significantly reduced (0.0005 m), the inhibition to each yeast was minimized. extracts of the cultures of yeasts growing on resorcinol plus chlororesorcinol were analyzed for residual resorcinol and chlororesorcinol with high press ... | 1997 | 9236299 |
| evaluation of sugar cane hemicellulose hydrolyzate for cultivation of yeasts and filamentous fungi. | sugar cane bagasse hemicellulosic fraction submitted to hydrolytic treatment with 100 mg of sulfuric acid per gram of dry mass, at 140 degrees c for 20 min, was employed as a substrate for microbial protein production. among the 22 species of microorganisms evaluated, candida tropicalis iz 1824 showed trs consumption rate of 89.8%, net cell mass of 11.8 g l-1 and yield coefficient (yx/s) of 0.50 g g-1. the hydrolyzate supplemented with rice bran (20.0 g l-1), p2o5 (2.0 g l-1) and urea (2.0 g l-1 ... | 1997 | 9248066 |
| comparison of three commercial media for direct identification and discrimination of candida species in clinical specimens. | one hundred and ninety-two clinical specimens were used to compare the three chromogenic media albicans id, candiselect, and chromagar candida to a standard method using a sabouraud-chloramphenicol agar medium and standard methods for identification of yeasts. the detection rates were 83.79, 83.24, 86.59 and 84.91% respectively. for the chromogenic media, the rates of direct identification (growth plus specific pigmentation) for candida albicans were 56.50, 37.68 and 11.59% after 24 hours' incub ... | 1997 | 9248752 |
| evaluation of peroxisomal heme in yeast. | heme is supposed to be transported into peroxisomes to form peroxisomal catalase [ec 1.11.1.6] in harmony with proliferation of the organelle because of the absence of the heme synthetic pathway in peroxisomes. we tried to understand the transport mechanism of peroxisomal catalase through the peroxisomal membrane from the aspects of a cofactor, heme, by measuring cellular and subcellular heme contents with the pyridine hemochrome method, independent of measuring the catalase activity. n-alkane-g ... | 1997 | 9058187 |
| cerebrospinal fluid broth culture isolates: their significance for antibiotic treatment. | enriched broth medium is routinely used as a supplement for agar plate culture of cerebrospinal fluid (csf). to assess the clinical utility of broth cultures, 151 consecutive csf bacterial and fungal isolates obtained from 91 patients were retrospectively reviewed for the effect of results on treatment. treatment decisions associated with individual csf specimens for which isolates were recovered from thioglycollate broth only were compared with the treatment decisions associated with csf specim ... | 1997 | 9260764 |
| biotransformation of linoleic acid with the candida tropicalis m25 mutant. | linoleic acid was transformed by mutant candida tropicalis m25 and transformations were studied in batch and fed-batch cultures. cofermentations with palmitic acid as inducer of the fatty acid degradation pathway were performed. besides the (z),(z)-octadeca-6,9-dienedioic acid, (z),(z)-3-hydroxyoctadeca-9,12-dienedioic acid and (z),(z)-3-hydroxytetradeca-5,8-dienedioic acid were obtained as the main fermentation products. the maximum concentrations of (z),(z)-octadeca-6,9-dienedioic acid and (z) ... | 1997 | 9274051 |
| comparative physiology of salt tolerance in candida tropicalis and saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the salt tolerance of the respiratory yeast candida tropicalis and the fermentative yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae have been compared in glucose media. c. tropicalis showed a better adaptation to na+ and li+ and maintained higher intracellular k+:na+ and k+:li+ ratios than s. cerevisiae. however, c. tropicalis showed a poorer adaptation to osmotic stress (produced by kcl and sorbitol) and exhibited reduced glycerol production as compared to s. cerevisiae. in media with the non-repressing sugar g ... | 1997 | 9141675 |
| immunochemically distinct nadp-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase isozymes in mitochondria and peroxisomes of candida tropicalis. | although peroxisomal localization of nadp-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase (idp) was first demonstrated in candida tropicalis, the mitochondrial isozyme has not been found in this yeast. here we report that the presence of mitochondrial idp in the yeast was demonstrated by screening for its gene with a dna probe containing conserved sequences of idps from various organisms. the nucleotide sequence of the gene (ctidp1) revealed a 1,290-bp open reading frame corresponding to a 430-amino-acid protei ... | 1997 | 9325427 |
| in vitro antifungal activity of bms-181184 against systemic isolates of candida, cryptococcus, and blastomyces species. | bms-181184 is a water-soluble derivative of the pradimicin group of antifungal compounds. we determined the in vitro activities of bms-181184 and comparator agents amphotericin b, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, and ketoconazole against 184 systemic fungal isolates collected at the health sciences centre in winnipeg, canada, between 1987 and 1995. bms-181184 demonstrated mics of between 1 and 8 micrograms/ml for all candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida tropicalis, candida krusei, candida l ... | 1997 | 9327245 |
| streptococcus thermophilus and its biosurfactants inhibit adhesion by candida spp. on silicone rubber. | the adhesion of yeasts, two candida albicans and two candida tropicalis strains isolated from naturally colonized voice prostheses, to silicone rubber with and without a salivary conditioning film in the absence and presence of adhering streptococcus thermophilus b, a biosurfactant-releasing dairy isolate, was studied. coverage of 1 to 4% of the surface of silicone rubber substrata with adhering s. thermophilus b gave significant reductions in the initial yeast adhesion regardless of the presenc ... | 1997 | 9327543 |
| high-resolution structure of the extracellular aspartic proteinase from candida tropicalis yeast. | the crystal structure of the secreted aspartic proteinase from candida tropicalis yeast (sapt) has been determined to 1.8 a resolution. the classic aspartic proteinase bilobal structure and domain topology is conserved in sapt, with the substrate binding cleft situated between the two domains. structural comparisons made with pepsin indicate that insertions and deletions in the primary sequence modify the sapt structure to create a more spacious substrate binding cleft with altered specificity. ... | 1997 | 9335526 |
| expression of acetoacetyl-coa thiolase isozyme genes of n-alkane-assimilating yeast, candida tropicalis: isozymes in two intracellular compartments are derived from the same genes. | in the n-alkane-assimilating yeast candida tropicalis, there are two isozymes of acetoacetyl-coa thiolase, peroxisomal acetoacetyl-coa thiolase (peroxisomal thiolase i), and cytosolic acetoacetyl-coa thiolase (cytosolic thiolase i). we have previously isolated two genes (ct-t1a and ct-t1b) which encode thiolase i. in order to compare the expressed products of thiolase i isozyme-encoding genes in c. tropicalis, cytosolic thiolase i was first purified from glucose-grown c. tropicalis in which the ... | 1997 | 9348092 |
| in vitro preclinical evaluation studies with the echinocandin antifungal mk-0991 (l-743,872). | the echinocandin mk-0991, formerly l-743,872, is a water-soluble lipopeptide that has been demonstrated in preclinical studies to have potent activity against candida spp., aspergillus fumigatus, and pneumocystis carinii. an extensive in vitro biological evaluation of mk-0991 was performed to better define the potential activities of this novel compound. susceptibility testing with mk-0991 against approximately 200 clinical isolates of candida, cryptococcus neoformans, and aspergillus isolates w ... | 1997 | 9371328 |
| evaluation of the echinocandin antifungal mk-0991 (l-743,872): efficacies in mouse models of disseminated aspergillosis, candidiasis, and cryptococcosis. | the in vivo activity of the merck antifungal echinocandin drug candidate mk-0991 (l-743,872) was evaluated in mouse models of disseminated candidiasis, aspergillosis, and cryptococcosis. the echinocandins are potent inhibitors of 1,3-beta-d-glucan synthase. two models of disseminated candidiasis were used. in a candida albicans mouse survival model with both dba/2n and cd-1 mice, estimates of the 50% effective doses (ed50s) of mk-0991 were 0.04 and 0.10 mg/kg of body weight/dose at 21 days after ... | 1997 | 9371329 |
| prevalence of candida tropicalis in clinical specimens from patients with variable clinical syndromes over a 5-year period. | in this study, we have examined our records for the isolation of candida tropicalis from clinical specimens of patients with heterogeneous clinical presentations during the past 5 years. we have found that this species ranks third among all yeasts in frequency of isolation from clinical specimens and that the trend of recovery from the specimens is rising over the years. the isolation rate of c. tropicalis was highest from urine specimens (36%) followed by respiratory specimens (22%). the freque ... | 1997 | 9375498 |
| epitope mapping candida albicans proteinase (sap 2). | the continuous epitopes of candida albicans proteinase sap 2 were derived by epitope mapping with sera from patients with oral candidiasis (n = 3), necropsy-proven disseminated candidiasis (n = 5), paired sera from patients who had recovered from blood culture-proven disseminated candidiasis (n = 3) and infection due to candida parapsilosis (n = 2) and candida tropicalis (n = 2). in c. albicans infection, igm identified epitopes in amino acid positions 57-61 (qavpv), 146-151 (sqgtly) and 346-351 ... | 1997 | 9395056 |
| quantification of thigmotropism (contact sensing) of candida albicans and candida tropicalis. | to quantify the thigmotropism, we adapted the our previous method using a chemotaxifilter system in combination with a bioluminescent adenosine triphosphate (atp) assay based on firefly luciferase-luciferin system and analyzed the relationship between the ability of germ tube formation and thigmotropism of c. albicans and c. tropicalis. both the ability to form germ tube and the amount of hyphae exhibiting thigmotropism varied depending upon both the species and strains of candida. c. albicans f ... | 1997 | 9404020 |
| recombinant thermostable cycloinulo-oligosaccharide fructanotransferase produced by saccharomyces cerevisiae. | a truncated fragment of the cycloinulo-oligosaccharide fructanotransferase (cftase) gene of bacillus circulans mci-2554 was fused to the prepro secretion sequence of the alpha-factor and expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae under the control of the 5' upstream region of the isocitrate lyase gene of candida tropicalis (upr-icl). efficiently secreted recombinant cftase protein (yeast cftase) was purified. yeast cftase consisted of three protein molecules, each of which had cftase activity (yeast ... | 1997 | 9406417 |
| surgical management of catheter tip thrombus: surgical therapy for right atrial thrombus and fungal endocarditis (candida tropicalis) complicating paediatric sickle-cell disease. | the use of indwelling central catheters for long-term administration of hyperalimentation, chemotherapy or other intravenous therapies is increasing. this unusual presentation of a catheter-induced right atrial thrombus was complicated by fungal infection. we present a case of a paediatric sickle-cell patient who underwent surgical removal of a right atrial thrombus secondary to fungal (candida tropicalis) endocarditis from an indwelling catheter. successful thrombus removal utilizing cardiopulm ... | 1997 | 9226709 |
| oral fluconazole for candida urinary tract infection. | fungal urinary tract infections are increasingly prevalent in hospitalized patients. this trial compares the efficacy of oral fluconazole along with catheter replacement to that of catheter replacement alone for treatment of funguria. the study group patients (n = 30) were given 100 mg of fluconazole followed by 50 mg/day for 14 days and had their catheters replaced on day one. the control group, randomized on a 1:1 basis (n = 30) had only a catheter replacement. seventeen and 21 patients in the ... | 1997 | 9444745 |
| fungal colonisation in digital silicone rubber prostheses. | the fungal discolouration of silicone rubber prostheses is reported in four cases. in two of the cases, the discolouration was caused by the fungus candida tropicalis. in the other two cases, two different fungal organisms, namely trichoderma sp. and scedosporium prolificans were incriminated. the non-porous silicone rubber layers create an enclosed environment in the suction cup of the prosthesis and preclude ventilation at the prosthesis-stump interface. the moisture as a result of sweat and b ... | 1997 | 9453093 |
| [a case of successfully treated fungal tricuspid infective endocarditis with repeated pulmonary embolism]. | a case of successfully treated fungal tricuspid infective endocarditis with repeated pulmonary embolism is reported. a 60-year-old man had received along term intravenous hyperalimentation for the treatment of the complication after hepatopancreatoduodenectomy, associated with candida sepsis. he was once discharged, successfully treated with antifungal agents. but he was readmitted to our hospital due to fever, cough and chest pain. blood culture revealed candida tropicalis. pulmonary scintigrap ... | 1997 | 9256638 |
| genetic characterization of a phospholipase c gene from candida albicans: presence of homologous sequences in candida species other than candida albicans. | phospholipase c (plc) enzymes are essential in regulating several important cellular functions in eukaryotes, including yeasts. in this study, pcr was used to identify a gene encoding plc activity in candida albicans, using oligonucleotide primers complementary to sequences encoding highly conserved amino acid regions within the x domains of previously characterized eukaryotic phospholipase c genes. the nucleotide sequence of the c. albicans gene, caplc1 (2997 bp), was determined from a recombin ... | 1998 | 9467900 |
| gastric perforation with candida tropicalis invasion in a previously healthy girl. | fungal cells were observed infiltrating the submucosal margins of an acutely perforated gastric ulceration in an apparently immunocompetent 3-year-old girl. perforation had occurred 24 h after hospital admission because of pain and vomiting. colonies of candida tropicalis were grown from peritoneal fluid and blood cultures. after surgical repair and a 30-day treatment with amphotericin b at a daily dose of 1 mg kg-1 body weight, the child was discharged in good health. no further infections have ... | 1997 | 9476484 |
| structural and immunochemical characterization of beta-1,2-linked mannobiosyl phosphate residue in the cell wall mannan of candida glabrata. | a mannan of candida glabrata ifo 0622 digested by arthrobacter exo-alpha-mannosidase and a beta-1,2-linked mannobiose obtained from the parent mannan by acid treatment was analyzed using 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. the results show that the beta-1, 2-linked mannobiosyl residue is esterified to a phosphate group through position c-1 in the alpha-configuration, manbeta1- 2manalpha1-hpo3-. the results of immunochemical assays of these mannans using the commercial antigenic factor s ... | 1998 | 9477251 |
| [oral contraceptive use and vaginal candida colonization]. | fungal vaginal infections/colonisations can be divided into a symptomatic vaginal candidiasis and an asymptomatic vaginal candida-carriage. the latter seems to be a predisposing factor for the development of a symptomatic vaginal candidiasis. the fungal organism isolated most frequently is candida albicans, followed by candida glabrata, which was previously also known as torulopsis glabrata. to a lower extend, other candida species such as candida tropicalis and candida krusei can be prevalent i ... | 1997 | 9480609 |
| depolarized cell growth precedes filamentation during the process of ethanol-induced pseudohyphal formation in the yeast candida tropicalis. | ethanol has been reported to cause mycelial growth in candida tropicalis pk233, and mycelial growth has also been shown to be abolished by concomitant addition of myo-inositol. in this study, the process of ethanol-induced mycelial growth in this organism was examined in combination with cytological characterization of actin localization. cultivation with ethanol gave biphasic growth curves. during the first growth phase (doubling time 2.4 h), there was an accumulation of swollen spherical yeast ... | 1998 | 9493377 |
| [profound mycoses in aids in abidjan (côte d'ivoire)]. | during 1995, among 1105 hiv patients explored in our department, 64 presented a deep fungic infection (5.8%). the yeast was searched for in cerebrospinal fluid, blood, urine, and bronchoalveolar aspiration. isolated germs were cryptococcus neoformans (95%), candida tropicalis (1 case), saccharomyces cerevisiae (1 case) et aspergillus fumigatus (1 case). results of treatment with amphotericin b were: recovery (9%), clinical success (11%), out of sight (14%), letality (66%), relapse (23%) and side ... | 1997 | 9507758 |
| in vitro activity of a new oral triazole, bms-207147 (er-30346) | the antifungal activity of bms-207147 (also known as er-30346) was compared to those of itraconazole and fluconazole against 250 strains of fungi representing 44 fungal species. mics were determined by using the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls)-recommended broth macrodilution method for yeasts, which was modified for filamentous fungi. bms-207147 was about two- to fourfold more potent than itraconazole and about 40-fold more active than fluconazole against yeasts. wit ... | 1998 | 9527778 |
| the role of surveillance cultures in patients likely to develop chemotherapy-induced mucositis. | mucositis can be the major dose-limiting toxicity during the adminstration of certain types of chemotherapy, especially 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate and doxorubicin. infection probably plays a role after initial inflammatory changes occurs in the mucous membranes of the mouth after chemotherapy, especially if the patient becomes neutropenic. the issues addressed in this paper following a review of the literature are whether surveillance cultures can be helpful to avoid mucositis or at least pred ... | 1997 | 9322348 |
| genetic evaluation of physiological functions of thiolase isoenzymes in the n-alkalane-assimilating yeast candida tropicalis. | the n-alkane-assimilating diploid yeast candida tropicalis possesses three thiolase isozymes encoded by two pairs of alleles: cytosolic and peroxisomal acetoacetyl-coenzyme a (coa) thiolases, encoded by ct-t1a and ct-t1b, and peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl-coa thiolase, encoded by ct-t3a and ct-t3b. the physiological functions of these thiolases have been examined by gene disruption. the homozygous ct-t1a delta/t1bdelta null mutation abolished the activity of acetoacetyl-coa thiolase and resulted in mev ... | 1998 | 9457876 |
| gene analysis of an nadp-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase localized in peroxisomes of the n-alkane-assimilating yeast candida tropicalis. | in n-alkane-utilizing yeast, candida tropicalis, two nadp-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase (nadp-idh) isozymes are present, one in mitochondria (mt-nadp-idh) and the other in peroxisomes (ps-nadp-idh). here we report the isolation, sequencing, and expression of the gene encoding ps-nadp-idh (ctidp2), distinct from the mt-nadp-idh gene (ctidp1). based on the n-terminal amino acid sequence of purified ps-nadp-idh, a cdna fragment specific for ps-nadp-idh was obtained by the 5'-race method. using th ... | 1997 | 9432010 |
| peroxisomal and mitochondrial carnitine acetyltransferase isozymes of the n-alkane-assimilating yeast, candida tropicalis, occurred by alternative initiation of translation from the transcripts of a single gene. | carnitine acetyltransferase (cat; ec 2.3.1.7) is localized in two subcellular organelles, peroxisomes and mitochondria, in an n-alkane-assimilating yeast, candida tropicalis. the isozymes are synthesized from the first and second atg codon of the open reading frame of one gene, ctcat. primer extension analysis and rnase protection assay (rpa) revealed that multiple transcription initiation sites were found upstream of the first atg codon. 5' ends could not be detected between the first and secon ... | 1998 | 9565689 |
| comparison of the rapid yeast plus panel with the api20c yeast system for identification of clinically significant isolates of candida species. | the rapid yeast plus system (innovative diagnostic systems, norcross, ga.) is a qualitative micromethod employing conventional tests and single-substrate chromogenic tests and having a 4-h incubation period. this system was compared with the api20c (biomerieux vitek, hazelwood, mo.) system, a 24- to 72-h carbohydrate assimilation method. one hundred thirty-three clinical yeast isolates, including 57 of candida albicans, 26 of candida tropicalis, 23 of candida glabrata, and 27 of other yeasts, we ... | 1998 | 9574727 |
| evaluating the effect of soft lining materials on the growth of yeast. | soft lining materials continue to have a place in clinical removable prosthodontics. however, there is an increased probability of yeast colonization on soft lining materials. | 1998 | 9576314 |
| nosocomial breakthrough fungaemia during antifungal prophylaxis or empirical antifungal therapy in 41 cancer patients receiving antineoplastic chemotherapy: analysis of aetiology risk factors and outcome. | forty-one episodes of breakthrough fungaemia occurring over a 7.5 year period in the national and st elizabeth's cancer institutes in bratislava, slovakia, were analysed. five of them occurred during prophylaxis with fluconazole (one torulopsis glabrata, one hansenula anomala, two candida krusei and one candida parapsilosis), ten with itraconazole (three trichosporon pullulans, one trichosporon beigelii, one cryptococcus laurentii, three candida albicans and two t. glabrata), 11 during prophylax ... | 1998 | 9578164 |
| [a search for specific genes working on the process of mycelial growth in candida tropicalis]. | ethanol has been reported to cause mycelial growth in candida tropicalis pk233. cultivation with ethanol in synthetic media containing glucose gave biphasic growth curves. during the first growth phase, there was an accumulation of swollen spherical yeast cells, instead of the oblong ones observed in the control culture, followed by the appearance of spherical daughter cells in chains. during the second growth phase, pseudohyphal cells appeared, projecting from the swollen yeast cells.subtractiv ... | 1998 | 9580029 |
| in vitro activities of terbinafine against cutaneous isolates of candida albicans and other pathogenic yeasts. | terbinafine is active in vitro against a wide range of pathogenic fungi, including dermatophytes, molds, dimorphic fungi, and some yeasts, but earlier studies indicated that the drug had little activity against candida albicans. in contrast, clinical studies have shown topical and oral terbinafine to be active in cutaneous candidiasis and candida nail infections. in order to define the anti-candida activity of terbinafine, we tested the drug against 350 fresh clinical isolates and additional str ... | 1998 | 9593126 |
| influence of test conditions on antifungal time-kill curve results: proposal for standardized methods. | this study was designed to examine the effects of antifungal carryover, agitation, and starting inoculum on the results of time-kill tests conducted with various candida species. two isolates each of candida albicans, candida tropicalis, and candida glabrata were utilized. test antifungal agents included fluconazole, amphotericin b, and ly303366. time-kill tests were conducted in rpmi 1640 medium buffered with morpholinepropanesulfonic acid (mops) to a ph of 7.0 and incubated at 35 degrees c. pr ... | 1998 | 9593151 |
| epidemiology of systemic candidiasis in a tertiary care neonatal unit. | 143 neonates were diagnosed to have acquired systemic candidiasis out of a total 4530 admissions (3.2 per cent) to the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) during a period of 6 1/2 years from january 1990 to june 1996. mean age at onset was 10.4 days, mean birth weight 1454 g, and mean gestation was 31.7 weeks. ninety-four per cent were premature, 95 per cent low birth weight (lbw), and all had undergone peripheral vein catheterization and had received broad spectrum antibiotics, except one, prio ... | 1998 | 9604600 |
| [a morphological and cytofluorometric analysis of the age structure of yeast populations]. | the morphological and cytofluorometric analysis of the age structure of yeast populations of saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida boidinii and candida tropicalis were carried out. the phase of cell preparation for budding and three phases of budding were accounted in morphological analysis. the latter was determined by the ratio of size of a mother cell and a bud. cytofluorometric analysis was carried out by flow cytofluorometry of 20,000 cell which were stained by ethidium bromide. a simple method ... | 1998 | 9621684 |
| evaluation of endpoints for antifungal susceptibility determinations with ly303366. | we have previously reported poor correlation between the in vitro fungicidal activity of ly303366 and mic results in rpmi medium based upon the manufacturer's suggested susceptibility endpoint, lack of visual growth. additionally, we have noted a significant trailing effect with ly303366 when mics are determined in rpmi medium. these observations have led us to evaluate an alternative susceptibility endpoint for ly303366, an 80% reduction in growth compared with control (similar to that utilized ... | 1998 | 9624481 |
| candida tropicalis osteomyelitis: case report and review. | | 1998 | 9564495 |
| [legionella pneumonia caused by aspiration of hot spring water after sarin exposure]. | a 72-year-old man was exposed to the sarin gas attack in a tokyo subway on march 20 th, 1995. after exposure, he noticed eye discomfort, chest tightness, headache and weakness of the lower limbs and oropharyngeal muscles. despite these symptoms, he visited a hot spring on the same day with his family. on march 25 th, his muscle weakness progressed, and a low grade fever appeared. his muscle weakness disappeared 8 days after exposure to sarin, but respiratory failure rapidly developed, necessitat ... | 1998 | 9656677 |
| [bilateral candida bezoar of the upper urinary tract]. | fungal urinary tract infections are due to candida albicans as first responsible germ. this sporulated oval fungus divides itself by gemmation and produces pseudohyphas when it is spread in culture mediums, organic tissues or their exudates. the most frequent predisposing factor is diabetes mellitus. others predisposing factors are: long antibiotic administration, corticoids, immunosuppressors, neoplasias, neurogenic bladder, and catheter or foreign bodies into the urinary tract. bezoar formatio ... | 1998 | 9658653 |
| decreased accumulation or increased isoleucyl-trna synthetase activity confers resistance to the cyclic beta-amino acid bay 10-8888 in candida albicans and candida tropicalis. | bay 10-8888, a cyclic beta-amino acid, exerts its antifungal activity by inhibition of isoleucyl-trna synthetase activity after accumulation to a millimolar concentration inside the cell. we have selected and characterized bay 10-8888-resistant candida albicans mutants. reduced bay 10-8888 accumulation as well as increased isoleucyl-trna synthetase activity was observed in these mutants. some of the mutants were cross-resistant to cispentacin, a structurally related beta-amino acid, while sensit ... | 1998 | 9660987 |
| [inflammatory reactions and microorganisms cultured from sputum and blood in association with terminal stage infection of patients with lung cancer]. | we reviewed our experience with terminal stage infections in patients with lung cancer over an 11 year period at kurume university hospital. in patients with end-stage lung cancer, the infection is common and a mortal disease. we examined the clinical features and significance of pathogenic microbes isolated from sputum and blood in patients with lung cancer during their last month. bacteriological examinations from blood done frequently in patients with episodes of fever revealed that bacteremi ... | 1998 | 9545687 |
| [isolation, identification, and typing of yeasts from hiv-positive patients with oral candidiasis]. | a study of oral candidiasis was conducted among 25 hiv-positive and aids patients. the predominant clinical form of presentation was the pseudomembranous one, whereas the most frequently yeast species found in the isolations were: candida albicans (54.1%), candida tropicalis (8.1%), and torulopsis glabrata (8.1%). it was demonstrated that patients with recurrent infections have colonization of the oral cavity by multiple strains and/or yeast species more often (30.8%) than those through their fi ... | 1997 | 9685984 |
| hemoglobin differentially induces binding of candida, trichosporon, and saccharomyces species to fibronectin. | fibronectin (fn) is an abundant host protein that is specifically recognized by several pathogenic yeasts. binding of fn in solution to candida, trichosporon, and saccharomyces species is increased 20- to 110-fold by growth in medium containing hemoglobin, but specific adhesion to immobilized fn is increased only in candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida krusei, and candida glabrata. hemoglobin induces both specific and nonspecific binding of soluble fn. nonspecific binding accounts for a ... | 1998 | 9697732 |
| evaluation of the etest method for determining fluconazole susceptibilities of 402 clinical yeast isolates by using three different agar media. | the performance of the etest for fluconazole susceptibility testing of 402 yeast isolates was assessed against the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls) microdilution broth method. the nccls method employed rpmi 1640 broth medium, and mics were read after incubation for 48 h at 35 degrees c. etest mics were determined with rpmi agar containing 2% glucose (rpg), casitone agar (cas), and mueller-hinton agar (mha) and were read after incubation for 48 h at 35 degrees c. the y ... | 1998 | 9705397 |
| [successful medical treatment of candida tropicalis in prosthetic valve endocarditis]. | medical cure of fungal prosthetic valve endocarditis (pve) is rarely reported. we describe a patient with c. tropicalis pve in whom surgery was believed to be contraindicated. a huge tricuspid valvular vegetation was identified by two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. after a total of 2 g of amphotericin b, she continued with fluconazole daily with a follow-up of fifteen months. our patient represents the first case of long term survival of c. tropicalis pve successfully managed withou ... | 1998 | 9713102 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the candida tropicalis ura3 gene encoding orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase. | an integrative transformation system was established for a phenol-utilizing strain of candida tropicalis m4. the system is based on an auxotrophic mutant host of c. tropicalis u-6 that is defective in orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase (odcase). as a selectable marker, we isolated and characterized the c. tropicalis ura3 gene, which codes for odcase. the gene was cloned by complementation of the ura3 mutation of sachharomyces cerevisiae shy-3 and the pyrf mutation of escherichia coli. the c. t ... | 1998 | 9734982 |
| voriconazole against fluconazole-susceptible and resistant candida isolates: in-vitro efficacy compared with that of itraconazole and ketoconazole. | we compared the in-vitro activity of fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and voriconazole against 67 blood isolates of candida spp. exhibiting a wide range of fluconazole mics (0.125 to >64 mg/l). voriconazole was the most potent in vitro, followed by itraconazole, ketoconazole and fluconazole. itraconazole and voriconazole had in-vitro activity against fluconazole-susceptible and -resistant candida isolates. higher itraconazole and voriconazole mics were observed in isolates exhibiting high ... | 1998 | 9738846 |
| lignans and sesquiterpene lactones from artemisia sieversiana and inula racemosa. | the aerial parts of artemisia sieversiana afforded, in addition to beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol and daucosterol, two novel lignans as well as one known and three new guaianolides. the roots of inula racemosa gave beta-sitosterol, daucosterol and isoalantolactone. the structures were determined by a combination of spectral methods (ir, eims, 1h and 13c nmr, dept, cosy, noesy and hetcor). all isolates were subjected to antifungal tests. isoalantolactone, a major sesquiterpene lactone of i. racemo ... | 1998 | 9745767 |
| a regulatory factor, fil1p, involved in derepression of the isocitrate lyase gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae--a possible mitochondrial protein necessary for protein synthesis in mitochondria. | a mutant was isolated that failed to derepress the 5' upstream region of candida tropicalis isocitrate lyase gene (upr-icl)-mediated gene expression in acetate medium, and the gene (fil1) that complemented this mutation was isolated. the fil1 null mutant in which fil1 is disrupted (deltafil1 strain) could not grow on acetate or ethanol, and the derepression of the isocitrate lyase encoded by icl1 in saccharomyces cerevisiae was also defected. the amino acid sequence of fil1p (230 amino acids) sh ... | 1998 | 9746366 |
| practical guide to diagnosing and treating vaginitis. | bacterial vaginosis (bv), candidiasis, and trichomoniasis account for more than 90% of vaginal infections. bv typically is associated with a decrease in commensal, protective lactobacilli and a proliferation of other flora. mobiluncus is pathognomonic but found in only 20% of cases. presence of 3 of 4 criteria indicates bv: a homogenous noninflammatory discharge (not many wbcs); ph >4.5; clue cells (bacteria attached to borders of epithelial cells, > 20 % of epithelial cells); and a positive whi ... | 1997 | 9746676 |
| correlation of in vitro fluconazole susceptibility with clinical outcome for severely ill patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. | we investigated the correlation between in vitro susceptibility to fluconazole and clinical response in severely ill patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis treated with fluconazole. the study included 48 adult patients, of whom 23 were neutropenic (absolute neutrophil count, < 500/mm3). forty-eight isolates (20 candida albicans, 12 candida krusei, 10 candida kefyr, 3 torulopsis glabrata, and 3 candida tropicalis) were tested for susceptibility to fluconazole with use of the macrodilution method ... | 1998 | 9564473 |
| pradimicin therapy of disseminated candida tropicalis infection in the mouse. | bms 181184 (bms), an analogue of pradimicin, was administered intravenously to neutropenic mice infected with either a fluconazole-susceptible or a fluconazole-resistant clinical isolate of candida tropicalis. bms prolonged survival at doses >3 mg kg -1 day-1, and at higher doses reduced tissue counts in mice. bms was less potent mg for mg than amphotericin b. combined bms and amphotericin b were no more effective than either of the individual drugs. | 1998 | 9776832 |
| images in cardiovascular medicine. candida tropicalis endocarditis. | | 1998 | 9665065 |
| [background and prognostic factors of fungemia in patients with hematological disease]. | sixty-two episodes of fungemia which occurred in patients with hematological disorders between 1976 and 1996 in our hospital were analyzed with respect to background and prognostic factors. forty-four of the patients were male and 18 were female. the underlying diseases were acute leukemia in 36 cases, chronic myelogenous leukemia in 9, malignant lymphoma in 9 and others in 8 cases. trichosporon beigelii and candida tropicalis were the most frequently isolated fungal pathogens. the prevalence of ... | 1998 | 9796190 |
| in vitro activity of a new polyene, spa-s-843, against yeasts. | the in vitro activity of a new water-soluble polyene, spa-s-843, was evaluated against 116 strains of candida, cryptococcus, and saccharomyces spp. and compared with that of amphotericin b. spa-s-843 demonstrated better inhibitory activity against all of the yeasts examined and better fungicidal activity against candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida krusei, and candida tropicalis than did amphotericin b. | 1998 | 9797244 |
| constant low rate of fungemia in norway, 1991 to 1996. the norwegian yeast study group. | since 1991 information on yeast isolates from blood cultures has been recorded prospectively from all microbiological laboratories (5 university and 16 county or local hospital laboratories) in norway (population, 4.3 million). from 1991 to 1996 a total of 571 episodes of fungemia in 552 patients occurred (1991, 109 episodes; 1992, 81 episodes; 1993, 93 episodes; 1994, 89 episodes; 1995, 98 episodes; and 1996, 101 episodes). the fungemia rates per 10,000 patient days were 0.29 in 1991 and 0.27 i ... | 1998 | 9817853 |
| comparison of a new commercial colorimetric microdilution method with a standard method for in-vitro susceptibility testing of candida spp. and cryptococcus neoformans. | the sensititre yeast one method (accumed international ltd, east grinstead, uk) is a microplate-based procedure that incorporates an oxidation-reduction indicator, alamar blue, for the in-vitro testing of five antifungal agents (amphotericin b, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and flucytosine). we compared this colorimetric method with a standard broth microdilution test, performed according to us national committee for clinical laboratory standards document m27-a guidelines, for determin ... | 1998 | 9818741 |
| fungemia in cancer patients in brazil: predominance of non-albicans species. | the objective of this study was to characterize the epidemiology of candidemia in cancer patients in the city of rio de janeiro, brazil. an 18-month survey of fungemia in patients with cancer was undertaken in three hospitals in rio de janeiro. forty-three episodes of candidemia were identified in 43 patients, 43 of which were episodes of candidemia; in ten case the strains were not available for further identification of species and were excluded from this analysis. the overall distribution of ... | 1998 | 9750336 |
| ym-170320, a novel lipopeptide antibiotic inducing morphological change of colonies in a mutant of candida tropicalis pk233. | | 1998 | 9630867 |
| biodegradation of crude oil by soil microorganisms in the tropic. | five microorganisms, three bacteria and two yeasts, capable of degrading tapis light crude oil were isolated from oil-contaminated soil in bangkok, thailand. soil enrichment culture was done by inoculating the soil in mineral salt medium with 0.5% v/v tapis crude oil as the sole carbon source. crude oil biodegradation was measured by gas chromatography method. five strains of pure microorganisms with petroleum degrading ability were isolated: three were bacteria and the other two were yeasts. ca ... | 1998 | 9821254 |
| persistent oral candidosis by non-albicans candida strains including candida glabrata in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient observed over a period of 6 years. | a 38-year-old woman infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) presented with persistent oral candidosis in which non-albicans candida strains were the predominant yeasts in most of the examinations performed over a period of 6 years. oral treatment with fluconazole had no effect on clinical signs of oral candidosis. in 8 of a total of 11 specimens, candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis and candida tropicalis were at least suspected as the causative pathogens of oral candidosis. the non-r ... | 1998 | 9861840 |
| increase of xylitol yield by feeding xylose and glucose in candida tropicalis. | candida tropicalis, a strain isolated from the sludge of a factory manufacturing xylose, produced a high xylitol concentration of 131 g/l from 150 g/l xylose at 45 h in a flask. above 150 g/l xylose, however, volumetric xylitol production rates decreased because of a lag period in cell growth. in fed-batch culture, the volumetric production rate and xylitol yield from xylose varied substantially with the controlled xylose concentration and were maximum at a controlled xylose concentration of 60 ... | 1998 | 9830092 |
| [candida spondylitis. case report and review of the literature]. | candida species have emerged as important pathogens in human infection. although a variety of deep-seated candidal infections have been reported, candida spondylitis has rarely been described. one patient with candida tropicalis spondylitis l i and l ii in combination with candida coxitis is presented, and the 31 adult cases with vertebral involvement previously reported are reviewed. candida spondylitis is noted as a simultaneous occurrence or late manifestation of hematogenously disseminated c ... | 1998 | 10025246 |
| fungal peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. | the purpose of this study was to analyze the microbiological and clinical features of fungal peritonitis in patients with endstage renal failure treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd). the diagnosis of peritonitis was based on abdominal discomfort or pain, cloudy peritoneal effluent with an elevated leukocyte count and isolation of fungi from the peritoneal effluent. amphotericin b, flucytosine, ketoconazole, miconazole and more recently fluconazole were used for antifunga ... | 1998 | 10052546 |
| mono- and sesquiterpenes and antifungal constituents from artemisia species. | in addition to beta-sitosterol and alpha-amyrin detected in all the investigated species, the extract of the aerial parts of artemisia giraldii var. giraldii gave stigmasterol, daucosterol, sesamine, luteolin, eupafolin, hispidulin, eupatilin, belamcanidin, pinitol, artemin, ridentin, and a new antifungal monoterpene (named santolinylol) while that of the aerial parts of a. mongolica afforded sesamine, eupafolin, eupatilin, matricarin, and a new germacranolide (3-oxo-11 alpha h-germacra-1(10)e,4 ... | 1999 | 10083848 |
| in vitro pharmacodynamic properties of mk-0991 determined by time-kill methods. | mk-0991 has demonstrated activity against a variety of fungal pathogens. we evaluated the mic endpoint for mk-0991 by reading the endpoint using three methods and comparing these results with minimum fungicidal concentrations and electron micrographs. the concentration that resulted in 80% inhibition of fungal growth compared with control, similar to the endpoint for the azole antifungal agents, provided the most consistent results. additionally, we investigated the time-kill properties of this ... | 1999 | 10091029 |
| physiological consequence of disruption of the vma1 gene in the riboflavin overproducer ashbya gossypii. | the vacuolar atpase subunit a structural gene vma1 of the biotechnologically important riboflavin overproducer ashbya gossypii was cloned and disrupted to prevent riboflavin retention in the vacuolar compartment and to redirect the riboflavin flux into the medium. cloning was achieved by polymerase chain reaction using oligonucleotide primers derived form conserved sequences of the vma1 proteins from yeast and filamentous fungi. the deduced polypeptide comprises 617 amino acids with a calculated ... | 1999 | 10092625 |
| study of the susceptibility of yeast isolates of clinical interest to five antifungal agents using the e test. | the e test is a quantitative technique for determining antimicrobial susceptibility; it is based on the diffusion of a stable predetermined gradient of a specific antifungal agent along an inert plastic strip which is applied to a solid culture medium. the e test is an alternative method for determining inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents. the aim of the present study was to determine the in vitro susceptibility of different yeasts to 5 antifungal agents using the e test. the antif ... | 1998 | 9795292 |
| molecular typing of candida spp. by random amplification of polymorphic dna and analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of ribosomal dna repeats. | random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) using an arbitrary oligonucleotide primer (5'-cggtgcgacg) and analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of ribosomal dna (rdna-rflp) after digestion of genomic dna with restriction endonuclease ecori were investigated as tools for genotypic delineation beyond the species level of 91 candida clinical isolates and four reference strains including 33 candida albicans, 19 candida tropicalis, 22 candida krusei and 21 candida (torulopsis) glabr ... | 1999 | 10190116 |
| suppression of mycelia formation by no produced endogenously in candida tropicalis. | in the experiments reported here we found that enzymatic no synthesis in the yeast candida tropicalis resembles the one in animal tissues with respect to the substrate arginine as well as its sensitivity to potential competitive inhibitors. both, no produced by the yeast's nitric oxide synthase and no derived from an artificial donor, suppressed the formation of pseudomycelia. these results suggest to make use of no as a tool in elucidating the mechanism controlling mycelia generation in this ye ... | 1999 | 10219571 |
| evaluation of chromagar candida for presumptive identification of clinically important candida species. | chromagar candida is a recently described and differential medium for the isolation and the presumptive identification of clinically important yeasts. we evaluated it with 262 yeast strains from clinical specimens, including 173 candida albicans, 21 candida tropicalis, 8 candida krusei, 49 candida glabrata, and 12 strains of other yeast species. strains were presumptively identified on the basis of colony color and texture. these observations were compared with conventional identification result ... | 1998 | 9884836 |
| batch phenol degradation by candida tropicalis and its fusant | phenol degradation by candida tropicalis and its fusant, which is produced using protoplast fusion as a selective technique, is evaluated under batch and high concentration conditions. the respirometric data show that oxygen uptake activities of both yeast strains peak at ph 7.0 and 32 degrees c, but the fusant is more active than the control strain. although the data show that both yeast strains are capable of sustaining discernible degradation in the presence of phenol inhibition, however, the ... | 1998 | 10099444 |
| production, characterization, and epitope mapping of a monoclonal antibody against aspartic proteinase of candida albicans. | a monoclonal antibody (mab; mab cap1) that was reactive with extracellular aspartic proteinase of candida albicans (cap) was produced. the mab showed strong sensitivity and reactivity to cap but not to the aspartic proteinases of candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, and aspergillus fumigatus or to human cathepsin d or porcine pepsin. the epitope of the cap recognized by the mab was the proteinaseous part of cap and the putative epitope of the mab was located in the asp77 to gly103 sequence. ... | 1999 | 10225850 |
| growth kinetic model that describes the inhibitory and lytic effects of phenol on candida tropicalis yeast. | the object of this work was to carry out a kinetic study on the candida tropicalis cell lysis and to obtain a kinetic model that would describe the inhibitory and lytic effects of phenol on the yeast growth. from the experiments, a model for the growth kinetic behavior of the yeast was evolved. the proposed model describes satisfactorily the inhibitory and lytic effects of phenol on yeast cultures. from the kinetic model constants, it was found that c. tropicalis showed high affinity and toleran ... | 1998 | 9841663 |
| a comparative evaluation of etest and broth microdilution methods for fluconazole and itraconazole susceptibility testing of candida spp. | the etest strip is a promising tool of broad application in clinical microbiology. the method provides mic readings and is easier to perform than broth microdilution. we carried out a study to compare the mics of fluconazole and itraconazole obtained by the etest with those obtained by broth microdilution, performed according to the guidelines of the nccls document m27-a, with 402 clinical isolates (360 candida albicans, 17 candida tropicalis, nine candida krusei, nine candida glabrata and seven ... | 1999 | 10350375 |
| three-dimensional analysis of protein aggregate body in saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. | modified genes of peroxisomal isocitrate lyase of candida tropicalis (ct-icl) were constructed and expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. we observed subcellular localization of expressed products of the mutant ct-icl genes by immunoelectron microscopy. an unknown structure termed a protein aggregate body (pab) storing the expressed product was observed in cytoplasm in various mutants (kamasawa et al. (1996) j. electron microsc. 45: 491-497). we chose two typical cells harbouring the mutan ... | 1999 | 10356790 |
| evaluation of six commercial tests and the germ-tube test for presumptive identification of candida albicans. | six commercial tests (albicans id, biomérieux, france; candiselect, sanofi diagnostics pasteur, france; chromagar candida, becton dickinson, usa; fluoroplate candida, merck, germany; fongiscreen 4h, sanofi diagnostics pasteur; and murex candida albicans, murex diagnostics, usa) and the germ-tube test for presumptive identification of candida albicans were evaluated using clinical isolates of candida albicans (n = 350) and of non-albicans yeasts (n = 135). sensitivities and specificities of all t ... | 1999 | 10357052 |
| increased adherence of fluconazole-resistant isolates of candida species to explanted esophageal mucosa. | the adherence of fluconazole-resistant and fluconazole-susceptible isolates of candida albicans to explanted rabbit esophageal mucosa was examined in vivo. among six candida albicans isolates collected from hiv-infected patients, three fluconazole-resistant (mic > 64 microg/ml) isolates attached more avidly than three fluconazole-susceptible strains (mic < or = 0.5 microg/ml) to esophageal mucosa (p < or = 0.05). when three strains each of six different candida spp. were compared, the more inher ... | 1999 | 10357058 |
| evaluation of mycology laboratory proficiency testing. | changes over the last decade in overt proficiency testing (opt) regulations have been ostensibly directed at improving laboratory performance on patient samples. however, the overt (unblinded) format of the tests and regulatory penalties associated with incorrect values allow and encourage laboratorians to take extra precautions with opt analytes. as a result opt may measure optimal laboratory performance instead of the intended target of typical performance attained during routine patient testi ... | 1999 | 10364601 |
| antimicrobial activity of wedelia trilobata crude extracts. | a biological screening of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and fungi of crude extracts from wedelia trilobata is reported. the n-hexane extract showed antibacterial activity against bacillus subtilis, mycobacterium smegmatis, staphylococcus aureus, and staphylococcus epidermidis (gram-positive bacteria); along with proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella group c, salmonella paratyphi, and shigella sonnei (gram-negative bacteria). the ethyl acetate e ... | 1999 | 10374253 |
| evaluation of chromagar candida for rapid screening of clinical specimens for candida species. | chromagar candida is a new differential culture medium that allows selective isolation of yeasts and simultaneously identifies colonies of candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida tropicalis and candida krusei. we evaluated this medium and compared it with a reference medium, sabouraud glucose agar, for the presumptive identification of yeast species isolated directly on the medium from 1150 clinical specimens. a total of 731 specimens showed no growth, 299 isolates (70.2%) showed growth to t ... | 1999 | 10394850 |
| fungal urinary tract infections in patients at risk. | fungal urinary tract infection (uti) represents a high-risk event in severely ill patients. its increasing incidence in recent years is associated with extensive and prolonged use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drugs. other important risk factors comprise higher age, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, hemodialysis, renal transplantation, structural or functional abnormalities of urinary tract with indwelling urinary catheter or nep ... | 1999 | 10394985 |
| antibacterial and antifungal activities of complexes of ruthenium (ii). | twenty ruthenium (ii) complexes (1-5) were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity against enterococcus faecalis (atcc 29212), staphylococcus aureus (atcc 29213), escherichia coli (atcc 25922), pseudomonas aeruginosa (atcc 27853), candida albicans and candida tropicalis. compounds 1d, 1e, 1h, 1i and 1j showed more pronounced antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria and fungi as compared to the nitrogen donor ruthenium complexes; hydrophobic substituents we ... | 1999 | 10417872 |