| rflp analysis of the progeny from oryza alta swallen x oryza sativa l. | rflp analyses were carried out in the progeny from a cross of two phylogenetically distant rice species, wild rice oryza alta swallen (ccdd, 2n = 48) and cultivated rice o. sativa l. (aa, 2n = 24). the sterile plants gave heterozygous rflp patterns at most of the loci detected. they looked more like their wild rice parent, with 36 chromosomes in their root-tip cells and pollen mother cells. in two partially fertile plants, however, most of the markers that were used showed rflp patterns similar ... | 1995 | 18470217 |
| molecular cloning, functional characterization and expression analysis of a novel monosaccharide transporter gene osmst6 from rice (oryza sativa l.). | monosaccharides transporters play important roles in assimilate supply for sink tissue development. in this study, a new monosaccharide transporter gene osmst6 was identified from rice (oryza sativa l.). the predicted osmst6 protein shows typical features of sugar transporters and shares 79.6% identity with the rice monosaccharide transporter osmst3. heterologous expression in yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) demonstrated that osmst6 is a broad-spectrum monosaccharide transporter, with a k (m) o ... | 2008 | 18506478 |
| scamps highlight the developing cell plate during cytokinesis in tobacco by-2 cells. | we previously demonstrated that rice (oryza sativa) secretory carrier membrane protein1 (osscamp1)-yellow fluorescent protein in transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) bright yellow-2 cells locates to the plasma membrane and to motile punctate structures, which represent the trans-golgi network/early endosome and are tubular-vesicular in nature. here, we now show that scamps are diverted to the cell plate during cytokinesis dividing bright yellow-2 cells. as cells progress from metaphase to cyto ... | 2008 | 18508957 |
| physiological and cytological mechanisms of silicon-induced resistance in rice against blast disease. | rice (oryza sativa l.) blast disease caused by magnaporthe grisea is one of the most destructive diseases in the rice-growing areas of the world. silicon is an important nutritional element especially for rice. two near-isogenic lines of rice with different resistance to blast disease, i.e. co39 (susceptible) and c101lac (pi-1) (resistant), were selected to determine the effects of si amendment on the severity and incidence of rice blast disease. the physiological and cytological mechanisms invo ... | 2008 | 18513376 |
| a subgroup of plant aquaporins facilitate the bi-directional diffusion of as(oh)3 and sb(oh)3 across membranes. | arsenic is a toxic and highly abundant metalloid that endangers human health through drinking water and the food chain. the most common forms of arsenic in the environment are arsenate (as(v)) and arsenite (as(iii)). as(v) is a non-functional phosphate analog that enters the food chain via plant phosphate transporters. inside cells, as(v) becomes reduced to as(iii) for subsequent extrusion or compartmentation. although much is known about as(iii) transport and handling in microbes and mammals, t ... | 2008 | 18544156 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of oscdase, a ceramidase enzyme from rice. | summary: sphingolipids are a structurally diverse group of molecules based on long-chain sphingoid bases that are found in animal, fungal and plant cells. in contrast to the situation in animals and yeast, much less is known about the spectrum of sphingolipid species in plants and the roles they play in mediating cellular processes. here, we report the cloning and characterization of a plant ceramidase from rice (oryza sativa spp. japonica cv. nipponbare). sequence analysis suggests that the ric ... | 2008 | 18547394 |
| prevalence of betaproteobacterial sequences in nifh gene pools associated with roots of modern rice cultivars. | the diversity and function of nitrogen-fixing bacteria colonizing rice roots are not well understood. a field experiment was conducted to determine the diversity of diazotrophic communities associated with roots of modern rice cultivars using culture-independent molecular analyses of nitrogenase gene (nifh) fragments. experimental treatments included four modern rice cultivars (oryza sativa, one indica, one japonica and two hybrid rice varieties) and three levels (0, 50, and 100 kg n ha(-1)) of ... | 2009 | 18548184 |
| shared flowering phenology, insect pests, and pathogens among wild, weedy, and cultivated rice in the mekong delta, vietnam: implications for transgenic rice. | many varieties of transgenic rice are under development in countries where wild and weedy relatives co-occur with the crop. to evaluate possible risks associated with pollen-mediated transgene dispersal, we conducted a two-year survey in vietnam to examine overlapping flowering periods of rice (oryza sativa l.), weedy rice (o. sativa), and wild rice (o. rufipogon griff.), all of which are inter-fertile. we surveyed populations in two regions of the mekong delta, northern and southern, and at thr ... | 2008 | 18549769 |
| [construction and analysis of cdna library of yunnan yuanjiang o. rifupogon leaf]. | the cdna library of yuanjiang oryza rifupongon leaf was constructed by using smart technology. the titers of the non-amplified library and the amplified library were 1.1 x 106 pfu/ml and 3.98 x 107 pfu/ml, respectively. the recombination rate was more than 91%. the dna sequence length of the most cdnas in the library was between 500-2 000 bp. some cdnas chosen by random were sequenced. after blast analysis of some cdnas, their possible function were predicted. it is found that these cdnas show 9 ... | 2008 | 18550503 |
| identification and variation of glutelin alpha polypeptides in the genus oryza assessed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and step-by-step immunodetection. | to obtain fundamental information for nutritional improvement of rice (oryza sativa) seed proteins, the alpha polypeptides of the major storage protein glutelin varied over the genus oryza were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized with unique methods. the polypeptides were maximally separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2d-page) composed of nonequilibrium ph gradient gel electrophoresis (nephge) and higher temperature sds-page. then the subunit for each polypeptide spot was ide ... | 2008 | 18553883 |
| filament formation and robust strand exchange activities of the rice dmc1a and dmc1b proteins. | the dmc1 protein, a meiosis-specific dna recombinase, catalyzes strand exchange between homologous chromosomes. in rice, two dmc1 genes, dmc1a and dmc1b, have been reported. although the oryza sativa dmc1a protein has been partially characterized, however the biochemical properties of the dmc1b protein have not been defined. in the present study, we expressed the oryza sativa dmc1a and dmc1b proteins in bacteria and purified them. the purified dmc1a and dmc1b proteins formed helical filaments al ... | 2008 | 18583359 |
| momilactone b, an allelochemical of rice hulls, induces apoptosis on human lymphoma cells (jurkat) in a micromolar concentration. | although momilactone b has been studied as an allelochemical of rice (oryza sativa l.), to date we have no report showing the effect of momilactone b on mammalian cells. this study was undertaken to examine whether this allelochemical has anticancer activity on cancer cells. we show here that momilactone b at micromolar doses has antitumor efficacy by inducing apoptosis in several blood cancer cells including human leukemic t cells. in addition, our study elucidated that anticancer activity of m ... | 2008 | 18584489 |
| molecular characterization of burkholderia strains isolated from rice cultivars (oryza sativa l.) for species identification and phylogenetic grouping. | the genus burkholderia consists of extremely versatile bacteria that occupy diverse niches and are commonly encountered in the rhizosphere of crop plants. in this study, we characterized three plant growth promoting strains assigned as burkholderia sp. using biochemical and molecular characterization. the burkholderia spp. strains cbmb40, cbpb-him, and cbpb-hod were characterized using biochemical tests, biolog carbon substrate utilization, fatty acid methyl ester analysis, analysis of reca gene ... | 2008 | 18600039 |
| do rice water weevils and rice stem borers compete when sharing a host plant? | the rice water weevil (rww) lissorhoptrus oryzophilus kuschel (coleoptera: curculionidae) is an invasive insect pest of rice oryza sativa l. in china. little is known about the interactions of this weevil with indigenous herbivores. in the present study, adult feeding and population density of the weevil, injury level of striped stem borer chilo suppressalis (walker) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) and pink stem borer sesamia inferens (walker) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) to rice, as well as growth status ... | 2008 | 18600788 |
| study on the biochemical characterization of herbicide detoxification enzyme, glutathione s-transferase. | to gain further insight into herbicide detoxification, we studied the herbicide activity and specificity toward glutathione s-transferases from human and rice. in this study, the genes of the plant specific phi and tau class gst enzymes from oryza sativa (osgst) and human pi class gst enzyme (hgstp1-1) were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli with the pet and pkk vector systems, respectively. the gene products were purified to homogeneity by gsh sepharose affinity column chromatography. the ... | 2007 | 18607078 |
| effect of temperature and commodity on insecticidal efficacy of spinosad dust against sitophilus oryzae (coleoptera: curculionidae) and rhyzopertha dominica (coleoptera: bostrychidae). | the insecticidal effect of spinosad dust, a formulation that contains 0.125% spinosad, was evaluated against adults of sitophilus oryzae (l.) and rhyzopertha dominica (f.) at three temperature levels (20, 25, and 30 degrees c) and four commodities (wheat, triticum aestivum l.; barley, hordeum vulgare l.; rice, oryza sativa l.; and maize, zea mays l.). for this purpose, quantities of the above-mentioned grains were treated with spinosad at two dose rates (20 and 50 ppm of the formulation, corresp ... | 2008 | 18613602 |
| a novel type of thioredoxin dedicated to symbiosis in legumes. | thioredoxins (trxs) constitute a family of small proteins in plants. this family has been extensively characterized in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), which contains six different trx types: f, m, x, and y in chloroplasts, o in mitochondria, and h mainly in cytosol. a detailed study of this family in the model legume medicago truncatula, realized here, has established the existence of two isoforms that do not belong to any of the types previously described. as no possible orthologs were furt ... | 2008 | 18614707 |
| manganese efficiency in barley: identification and characterization of the metal ion transporter hvirt1. | manganese (mn) deficiency is an important plant nutritional disorder in many parts of the world. barley (hordeum vulgare) genotypes differ considerably in their ability to grow in soils with low mn(2+) availability. differential genotypic mn efficiency can be attributed to differences in mn(2+) uptake kinetics in the low nanomolar concentration range. however, the molecular basis for these differences has not yet been clarified. we present here the identification and characterization of the firs ... | 2008 | 18614714 |
| expression of dm-amp1 in rice confers resistance to magnaporthe oryzae and rhizoctonia solani. | magnaporthe oryzae and rhizoctonia solani, are among the most important pathogens of rice, severely limiting its productivity. dm-amp1, an antifungal plant defensin from dahlia merckii, was expressed in rice (oryza sativa l. sp. indica cv. pusa basmati 1) using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. expression levels of dm-amp1 ranged from 0.43% to 0.57% of total soluble protein in transgenic plants. it was observed that constitutive expression of dm-amp1 suppresses the growth of m. ... | 2009 | 18618285 |
| upstream - news in genomics. | in recent months a bumper crop of genomes has been completed, including the fission yeast (schizosaccharomyces pombe) and rice (oryza sativa). two large-scale studies of saccharomyces cerevisiae protein complexes provided a picture of the eukaryotic proteome as a network of complexes. amongst the other stories of interest was a demonstration that proteomic analysis of blood samples can be used to detect ovarian cancer, perhaps even as early as stage i. | 2002 | 18628853 |
| the 172-kb genomic dna region of the o. rufipogon yld1.1 locus: comparative sequence analysis with o. sativa ssp. japonica and o. sativa ssp. indica. | common wild rice (oryza rufipogon) plays an important role by contributing to modern rice breeding. in this paper, we report the sequence and analysis of a 172-kb genomic dna region of wild rice around the rm5 locus, which is associated with the yield qtl yld1.1. comparative sequence analysis between orthologous rm5 regions from oryza sativa ssp. japonica, o. sativa ssp. indica and o. rufipogon revealed a high level of conserved synteny in the content, homology, structure, orientation, and physi ... | 2009 | 18633654 |
| carotenoid oxygenases involved in plant branching catalyse a highly specific conserved apocarotenoid cleavage reaction. | recent studies with the high-tillering mutants in rice (oryza sativa), the max (more axillary growth) mutants in arabidopsis thaliana and the rms (ramosus) mutants in pea (pisum sativum) have indicated the presence of a novel plant hormone that inhibits branching in an auxin-dependent manner. the synthesis of this inhibitor is initiated by the two ccds [carotenoid-cleaving (di)oxygenases] osccd7/osccd8b, max3/max4 and rms5/rms1 in rice, arabidopsis and pea respectively. max3 and max4 are thought ... | 2008 | 18637791 |
| establishment of a rice transgene flow model for predicting maximum distances of gene flow in southern china. | we aimed to establish a rice gene flow model based on (i) the gaussian plume model, (ii) data from a three-location x 3-yr field experiment on transgene flow to common rice cultivars (oryza sativa), male sterile (ms) lines (o. sativa) and common wild rice (oryza rufipogon), and (iii) 32-yr historical meteorological data collected from 38 meteorological stations in southern china during the rice flowering period. the concept of the gene flow coefficient (gfc) is proposed; that is, the ratio of th ... | 2008 | 18643943 |
| generation of selectable marker-free sheath blight resistant transgenic rice plants by efficient co-transformation of a cointegrate vector t-dna and a binary vector t-dna in one agrobacterium tumefaciens strain. | co-transformation of oryza sativa l. var. pusa basmati1 was done using an agrobacterium tumefaciens strain harbouring a single-copy cointegrate vector and a multi-copy binary vector in the same cell. the t-dna of the cointegrate vector pgv2260::pssj1 carried the hygromycin phosphotransferase (hph) and beta-glucuronidase (gus) genes. the binary vector pcam-chi11, without a plant selectable marker gene, harboured the rice chitinase (chi11) gene under maize ubiquitin promoter. co-transformation of ... | 2008 | 18663452 |
| genomic and expression analysis of glycosyl hydrolase family 35 genes from rice (oryza sativa l.). | many plant beta-galactosidases (bgals) have been well characterized and their deduced biological functions mainly involve degradation of structural pectins, xyloglucans or arabinogalactoproteins in plant cell walls. however, gene multiplicity in glycosyl hydrolase family 35 (gh35), to which these proteins belong, implies diverse functions. in this study, the gene multiplicity, apparent evolutionary relationships and transcript expression of rice bgal genes were examined, in order to predict thei ... | 2008 | 18664295 |
| assessment of ozone effects on local rice cultivar by portable ozone fumigation system in hanoi, vietnam. | this study examined the effects of troposphere ozone (o3) on rice by developing a portable ozone fumigation system and applied to the field in hanoi, vietnam. the system was nearly identical to the open top chamber but designed to easily and cheaply assess the o3 sensitivity of local agricultural crops in the actual field. the rice (oryza sativa l.) was exposed to ozone during the flowering stage at peri-urban experimental site of hanoi. the fumigation protocols covered five different levels, na ... | 2009 | 18670900 |
| whole proteome identification of plant candidate g-protein coupled receptors in arabidopsis, rice, and poplar: computational prediction and in-vivo protein coupling. | the classic paradigm of heterotrimeric g-protein signaling describes a heptahelical, membrane-spanning g-protein coupled receptor that physically interacts with an intracellular g alpha subunit of the g-protein heterotrimer to transduce signals. g-protein coupled receptors comprise the largest protein superfamily in metazoa and are physiologically important as they sense highly diverse stimuli and play key roles in human disease. the heterotrimeric g-protein signaling mechanism is conserved acro ... | 2008 | 18671868 |
| expression, crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic analysis of xometc, a cystathionine gamma-lyase-like protein from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo) causes bacterial blight of rice (oryza sativa l.), one of the most devastating diseases of rice in most rice-growing countries. xometc, a cystathionine gamma-lyase (cgl) like protein that is an antibacterial drug-target protein against xoo, was cloned, expressed, purified and crystallized. cgl catalyzes the second step in the reverse-transsulfuration pathway, which is essential for the metabolic interconversion of the sulfur-containing amino acids cysteine and ... | 2008 | 18678949 |
| arabidopsis sdir1 enhances drought tolerance in crop plants. | arabidopsis e3 ligase salt- and drought-induced ring-finger 1 (sdir1) has been found to be involved in abscisic acid (aba)-related stress signaling. sdir1-overexpressing arabidopsis plants exhibit improved tolerance to drought. tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) and rice (oryza sativa) are two important agronomic crop plants. to determine whether sdir1 enhances drought resistance in crop plants, sdir1 transgenic tobacco and rice plants were generated. ectopic expression of sdir1 in both plants conferre ... | 2008 | 18685183 |
| transgenic rice plants expressing human p450 genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism for phytoremediation. | phytoremediation is the use of plants to remove xenobiotic compounds from the environment. plants have the inherent ability to detoxify xenobiotic pollutants, but they are generally poor at degrading them. the introduction of genes involved in xenobiotic degradation is aimed at enhancing plants' potential further. rice (oryza sativa) is a good candidate for this purpose and has been transformed with genes encoding cytochrome p450 monooxygenases cyp1a1, cyp2b6, and cyp2c19. the transgenic plants ... | 2008 | 18685273 |
| collection and comparative analysis of 1888 full-length cdnas from wild rice oryza rufipogon griff. w1943. | a huge amount of cdna and est resources have been developed for cultivated rice species oryza sativa; however, only few cdna resources are available for wild rice species. in this study, we isolated and completely sequenced 1888 putative full-length cdna (flcdna) clones from wild rice oryza rufipogon griff. w1943 for comparative analysis between wild and cultivated rice species. two cdna libraries were constructed from 3-week-old leaf samples under either normal or cold-treated conditions. homol ... | 2008 | 18687674 |
| significant improvement of stress tolerance in tobacco plants by overexpressing a stress-responsive aldehyde dehydrogenase gene from maize (zea mays). | aldehyde dehydrogenases (aldhs) play a central role in detoxification processes of aldehydes generated in plants when exposed to the stressed conditions. in order to identify genes required for the stresses responses in the grass crop zea mays, an aldh (zmaldh22a1) gene was isolated and characterized. zmaldh22a1 belongs to the family aldh22 that is currently known only in plants. the zmaldh22a1 encodes a protein of 593 amino acids that shares high identity with the orthologs from saccharum offic ... | 2008 | 18688729 |
| use of flowering gene flowering locus t (ft) homologs in the phylogenetic analysis of bambusoid and early diverging grasses. | a nuclear gene, flowering locus t (ft) homolog, was cloned from phyllostachys meyeri as pmft. its putative copy number was estimated as four by southern blot analysis, and the two copies were completely sequenced. twenty-seven ft homolog sequences of bambusoid and early diverging grasses comprised 172-bp exons, and 357- to 785-bp introns exhibited 0-58.9% pairwise divergence with six modal levels. parsimony analyses of the ft homologs rooted at pharus virescens produced six equally parsimonious ... | 2008 | 18690410 |
| rice root architecture associated1 binds the proteasome subunit rpt4 and is degraded in a d-box and proteasome-dependent manner. | root growth is mainly determined by cell division and subsequent elongation in the root apical area. components regulating cell division in root meristematic cells are largely unknown. previous studies have identified rice (oryza sativa) root architecture associated1 (osraa1) as a regulator in root development. yet, the function of osraa1 at the cellular and molecular levels is unclear. here, we show that osraa1-overexpressed transgenic rice showed reduced primary root growth, increased numbers ... | 2008 | 18701670 |
| inactivation of an aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase is responsible for fragrance in rice. | rice (oryza sativa) has two betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase homologs, bad1 and bad2, encoded on chromosome four and chromosome eight respectively. bad2 is responsible for the characteristic aroma of fragrant rice. complementary dna clones of both bad1 and bad2 were isolated and expressed in e. coli. bad2 had optimum activity at ph 10, little to no affinity towards n-acetyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde (nagabald) with a km of approximately 10 mm and moderate affinity towards gamma-guanidinobutyraldehy ... | 2008 | 18704694 |
| physiological and biochemical responses of rice (oryza sativa l.) to phenanthrene and pyrene. | phenanthrene (phe) and pyrene (pyr) are two typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) found in contaminated soil. this study investigated physiological and biochemical responses of rice (oryza sativa l.) to pah stress after they were planted in soils contaminated with phe and pyr, in the presence or absence of a pah-degrading bacteria (acinetobacteria sp.). a number of parameters including biomass and water, chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b ratio, electrolyte leakage, activities of superoxi ... | 2008 | 18709924 |
| assessment of potential indigenous plant species for the phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated areas of bangladesh. | soil and water contaminated with arsenic (as) pose a major environmental and human health problem in bangladesh. phytoremediation, a plant-based technology, may provide an economically viable solution for remediating the as-polluted sites. the use of indigenous plants with a high tolerance and accumulation capacity for as may be a very convenient approach for phytoremediation. to assess the potential of native plant species for phytoremediation, plant and soil samples were collected from four as ... | 2008 | 18709925 |
| establishing a gene trap system mediated by t-dna(gus) in rice. | two plasmids, p13gus and p13gus2, were constructed to create a gene trap system containing the promoterless beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter gene in the t-dna region. transformation of these two plasmids into the rice variety zhonghua 11 (oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv.), mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens, resulted in 942 independent transgenic lines. histochemical gus assays revealed that 31 t(0) plants had various patterns of the reporter gene expression, including expression in only one t ... | 2008 | 18713415 |
| rice dreb1b promoter shows distinct stress-specific responses, and the overexpression of cdna in tobacco confers improved abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. | cbf/dreb (c-repeat binding factor/dehydration responsive element binding factor) family of transcription factors in plants is reported to be associated with regulation of gene expression under stress conditions. here, we report the functional characterization of a dreb transcription factor, dreb1b gene from rice (oryza sativa ssp. indica). the osdreb1b gene was differentially regulated at the transcriptional level by osmotic stress, oxidative stress, salicylic acid, aba, and cold. a 745 bp promo ... | 2008 | 18754079 |
| enhanced transfer of arsenic to grain for bangladesh grown rice compared to us and eu. | a field survey was conducted in arsenic impacted and non-impacted paddies of bangladesh to assess how arsenic levels in rice (oryza sativa l.) grain are related to soil and shoot concentrations. ten field sites from an arsenic contaminated tubewell irrigation region (faridpur) were compared to 10 field sites from a non-affected region (gazipur). analysis of the overall data set found that both grain and shoot total arsenic concentrations were highly correlated (p<0.001) with soil arsenic. median ... | 2009 | 18757098 |
| production of curcuminoids by escherichia coli carrying an artificial biosynthesis pathway. | curcuminoids, which are produced specifically by plants of the order zingiberales, have long been used as food additives because of their aromatic, stimulant and colouring properties and as traditional asian medicines because of their anti-tumour, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. curcuminoids are therefore attractive targets for metabolic engineering. an artificial curcuminoid biosynthetic pathway, including reactions of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) from the yeast rhodotorula ru ... | 2008 | 18757796 |
| the defense-responsive genes showing enhanced and repressed expression after pathogen infection in rice (oryza sativa l.). | despite large numbers of studies about defense response, processes involved in the resistance of plants to incompatible pathogens are still largely uncharacterized. the objective of this study was to identify genes involved in defense response by cdna array analysis and to gain knowledge about the functions of the genes involved in defense response. approximately 20000 rice cdna clones were arrayed on nylon filters. rna samples isolated from different rice lines after infection with incompatible ... | 2002 | 18759033 |
| gametophytically alloplasmic cms line of rice (oryza sativa l.) with variant orfh79 haplotype corresponds to specific fertility restorer. | for years discovery and identification of the cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) resource in wild rice is the most intriguing events in breeding field. orfh79, a chimeric gene in mitochondria, has been suggested being the determinant for honglian cms in rice. in this report orfh79 gene as molecular marker to screen the wild rice, we found eight accessions with orfh79 gene in the total 42 investigated objects. sequence analysis revealed that there were a total of nine nucleotide substitutions resul ... | 2008 | 18762904 |
| oral immunogenicity and protective efficacy in mice of transgenic rice plants producing a vaccine candidate antigen (as16) of ascaris suum fused with cholera toxin b subunit. | cereal crops such as maize and rice are considered attractive for vaccine production and oral delivery. here, we evaluated the rice oryza sativa for production of as16-an antigen protective against the roundworm ascaris suum. the antigen was produced as a chimeric protein fused with cholera toxin b subunit (ctb), and its expression level in the endosperm reached 50 microg/g seed. feeding the transgenic (tg) rice seeds to mice elicited an as16-specific serum antibody response when administered in ... | 2009 | 18763047 |
| cloning and sequencing of a rice (oryza sativa l.) rapb cdna using yeast one-hybrid system. | cis-acting elements containing ccaat core sequence are located in 5' upstream regions of numerous eukaryotic genes. ccaat-binding factors interact with thesecis acting elements as heteromeric complex and therefore control the gene transcription. ccaat binding factors contain at least three subunits and each subunit alone cannot bind to ccaat box. the cloning of a rice cdna called rapb which homologizes to yeast hap2 (one of the subunits in ccaat-binding factors) using yeast one-hybrid system and ... | 1999 | 18763125 |
| quantitative trait loci underlying domestication- and yield-related traits in an oryza sativa x oryza rufipogon advanced backcross population. | to understand the genetic characteristics of the traits related to differentiation between cultivated rice and its wild progenitor, genetic factors controlling domestication- and yield-related traits were identified using a bc3f2 population derived from an accession of common wild rice (donor, oryza rufipogon griff.) collected from yuanjiang, yunnan province, china, and an indica cultivar, teqing (recipient, oryza sativa l.). a genetic linkage map consisting of 125 simple sequence repeat (ssr) m ... | 2008 | 18772947 |
| rice indeterminate 1 (osid1) is necessary for the expression of ehd1 (early heading date 1) regardless of photoperiod. | indeterminate 1 (id1), a classical flowering gene first reported in 1946, is one of the earliest genes whose expression in leaf tissues affects the floral transition in the shoot meristem. how id1 is integrated into the flowering process is largely unknown. in this study, we examined the genetic action of the rice (oryza sativa) ortholog osid1. in rice, osid1 is preferentially expressed in young leaves, but the overall expression pattern is broader than that in maize (zea mays). osid1 is able to ... | 2008 | 18774969 |
| heavy metal contamination of paddy soils and rice (oryza sativa l.) from kocani field (macedonia). | this research focuses on the heavy metal contamination of the paddy soils and rice from kocani field (eastern macedonia) resulting from irrigation by riverine water impacted by past and present base-metal mining activities and acid mine drainage. very high concentrations of as, cd, cu, pb and zn were found in the paddy soils (47.6, 6.4, 99, 983 and 1,245 microg g(-1)) and the rice (0.53, 0.31, 5.8, 0.5 and 67 microg g(-1)) in the western part of kocani field, close to the zletovska river, which ... | 2009 | 18777118 |
| in vitro adsorption revealing an apparent strong interaction between endophyte pantoea agglomerans ys19 and host rice. | pantoea (formerly enterobacter) agglomerans ys19 is a dominant diazotrophic endophyte isolated from rice (oryza sativa cv. yuefu) grown in a temperate-climate region in west beijing, china. in vitro adsorption and invasion of ys19 on host plant root were studied in this research. adsorption of ys19 on rice seedling roots closely resembled the langmuir adsorption and showed a higher adsorption quantity than the control strains paenibacillus polymyxa wy110 (a rhizospheric bacterium from the same r ... | 2008 | 18781359 |
| kinetic and equilibrium studies on the removal of cd2+ ions from water using polyacrylamide grafted rice (oryza sativa) husk and (tectona grandis) saw dust. | the increase in the use of heavy metals has resulted in an increased flux of metallic substances into the aquatic environment which poses a danger to human health. the present work relates to the removal of cadmium ions by treatment with polyacrylamide grafted rice (oryza sativa) husk/saguan (tectona grandis) saw dust. the drinking water guideline value recommended by who for cadmium is 0.005 ppm.the adsorbent has been prepared by treatment of rice husk/saw dust with acrylamide. removal has been ... | 2009 | 18783881 |
| xa27 depends on an amino-terminal signal-anchor-like sequence to localize to the apoplast for resistance to xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. | the rice (oryza sativa) gene xa27 confers resistance to xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial blight disease in rice. sequence analysis of the deduced xa27 protein provides little or no clue to its mode of action, except that a signal-anchor-like sequence is predicted at the amino (n)-terminal region of xa27. as part of an effort to characterize the biochemical function of xa27, we decided to determine its subcellular localization. initial studies showed that a functional x ... | 2008 | 18784285 |
| using glimmerm to find genes in eukaryotic genomes. | glimmerm is a eukaryotic gene finder that has been used in the annotation of the genomes of plasmodium falciparum (the malaria parasite), the model plant arabidopsis thaliana, oryza sativa (rice), the parasite theileria parva, and the fungus aspergillus fumigatus. a unique feature of the system compared to other eukaryotic gene finders is a module that allows users to provide their own data and train glimmerm for any organism. | 2002 | 18792941 |
| endophytic colonization of rice (oryza sativa l.) by the diazotrophic bacterium burkholderia kururiensis and its ability to enhance plant growth. | burkholderia kururiensis is a diazotrophic bacterium originally isolated from a polluted aquifer environment and presents a high level of similarity with the rice endophyte "b. brasilensis" species. this work assessed the ability of b. kururiensis to endophytically colonize rice plantlets by monitoring different tissues of root-inoculated plants for the presence of bacterial growth in different media, electron microscopy and by 16s rdna analysis. observations of roots, stems and leaves of inocul ... | 2008 | 18797800 |
| systematic analysis of npk1-like genes in rice reveals a stress-inducible gene cluster co-localized with a quantitative trait locus of drought resistance. | phosphorylation by protein kinase is a ubiquitous key mechanism in translating external stimuli such as drought stress. npk1 is a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase identified in nicotiana tabacum and plays important roles in cytokinesis and auxin signaling transduction and responses to multiple stresses. here we report the evolution, structure, and comprehensive expression profile of 21 npk1-like genes in rice (oryza sativa l.). phylogenetic analysis of npk1-like sequences in rice ( ... | 2008 | 18813955 |
| study of water stress effects in different growth stages on yield and yield components of different rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars. | a field experiment was conducted during 2001-2003 to evaluate the effect of water stress on the yield and yield components of four rice cultivars commonly grown in mazandaran province, iran. in northern iran irrigated lowland rice usually experiences water deficit during the growing season include of land preparation time, planting, tillering stage, flowering and grain filing period. recently drought affected 20 of 28 provinces in iran; with the southeastern, central and eastern parts of the cou ... | 2008 | 18817260 |
| rice xb15, a protein phosphatase 2c, negatively regulates cell death and xa21-mediated innate immunity. | perception of extracellular signals by cell surface receptors is of central importance to eukaryotic development and immunity. kinases that are associated with the receptors or are part of the receptors themselves modulate signaling through phosphorylation events. the rice (oryza sativa l.) xa21 receptor kinase is a key recognition and signaling determinant in the innate immune response. a yeast two-hybrid screen using the intracellular portion of xa21, including the juxtamembrane (jm) and kinas ... | 2008 | 18817453 |
| effect of land preparation methods on growth, seed yields of jasmine 105 paddy rice (oryza sativa l.) and growth of weeds, grown in northeast thailand. | this experiment was carried out on a grower's paddy field, ban som hoeng village, kantarawichai, mahasarakham province, northeast thailand with the use of roi-et soil series (oxic paleustults) in the rainy season of the 2006 (may to november) to investigate effect of land preparation methods on rice plant heights, amounts of weeds and seed yields of jasmine 105 aromatic paddy rice (oryza sativa l.). the experiment was laid in a randomized complete block design (rcbd) with four replications. the ... | 2008 | 18819590 |
| genetic control of rice plant architecture under domestication. | the closely related wild rice species oryza rufipogon is considered the progenitor of cultivated rice (oryza sativa). the transition from the characteristic plant architecture of wild rice to that of cultivated rice was one of the most important events in rice domestication; however, the molecular basis of this key domestication transition has not been elucidated. here we show that the prog1 gene controls aspects of wild-rice plant architecture, including tiller angle and number of tillers. the ... | 2008 | 18820696 |
| control of a key transition from prostrate to erect growth in rice domestication. | the transition from the prostrate growth of ancestral wild rice (o. rufipogon griff.) to the erect growth of oryza sativa cultivars was one of the most critical events in rice domestication. this evolutionary step importantly improved plant architecture and increased grain yield. here we find that prostrate growth of wild rice from yuanjiang county in china is controlled by a semi-dominant gene, prog1 (prostrate growth 1), on chromosome 7 that encodes a single cys(2)-his(2) zinc-finger protein. ... | 2008 | 18820699 |
| evolutionary analysis of the sub1 gene cluster that confers submergence tolerance to domesticated rice. | tolerance of complete submergence is recognized in a small number of accessions of domesticated asian rice (oryza sativa) and can be conferred by the sub1a-1 gene of the polygenic submergence-1 (sub1) locus. in all o. sativa varieties, the sub1 locus encodes the ethylene-responsive factor (erf) genes sub1b and sub1c. a third paralogous erf gene, sub1a, is limited to a subset of indica accessions. it is thought that o. sativa was domesticated from the gene pools of the wild perennial species o. r ... | 2009 | 18824474 |
| genetic structure of oryza rufipogon griff. in china. | oryza rufipogon griff. (common wild rice; cwr) is the ancestor of asian cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.). investigation of the genetic structure and diversity of cwr in china will provide information about the origin of cultivated rice and the grain quality and yield. in this study, we used 36 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers to assay 889 accessions, which were highly representative of whole germplasm in china. the analysis revealed a hierarchical genetic structure within cwr. first, cwr ha ... | 2008 | 18827837 |
| solution structures and dna binding properties of the n-terminal sap domains of sumo e3 ligases from saccharomyces cerevisiae and oryza sativa. | sumo e3 ligase of the siz/pias family that promotes sumoylation of target proteins contains sap motif in its n-terminal region. the sap motif with a consensus sequence of 35 residues was first proposed to be as a new dna binding motif found in diverse nuclear proteins involved in chromosomal organization. we have determined solution structures of the sap domains of sumo ligases siz1 from yeast and rice by nmr spectroscopy, showing that the structure of the sap domain (residues 2-105) of rice siz ... | 2009 | 18831036 |
| rnai-directed downregulation of osbadh2 results in aroma (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline) production in rice (oryza sativa l.). | aromatic rice is popular worldwide because of its characteristic fragrance. genetic studies and physical fine mapping reveal that a candidate gene (fgr/osbadh2) homologous to betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase is responsible for aroma metabolism in fragrant rice varieties, but the direct evidence demonstrating the functions of osbadh2 is lacking. to elucidate the physiological roles of osbadh2, sequencing approach and rna interference (rnai) technique were employed to analyze allelic variation and f ... | 2008 | 18840300 |
| rheinheimera tangshanensis sp. nov., a rice root-associated bacterium. | a gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain ja3-b52(t), was isolated from the roots of fresh rice plants (oryza sativa). the cells were motile by means of polar single or lateral flagella. the colonies were non-pigmented. on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence comparisons, the strain was phylogenetically related to species of the genus rheinheimera, having the greatest level of sequence similarity with respect to rheinheimera texasensis a62-14b(t) (97.16 %). the bacterium g ... | 2008 | 18842867 |
| transgenic rice expressing allium sativum leaf agglutinin (asal) exhibits high-level resistance against major sap-sucking pests. | rice (oryza sativa) productivity is adversely impacted by numerous biotic and abiotic factors. an approximate 52% of the global production of rice is lost annually owing to the damage caused by biotic factors, of which approximately 21% is attributed to the attack of insect pests. in this paper we report the isolation, cloning and characterization of allium sativum leaf agglutinin (asal) gene, and its expression in elite indica rice cultivars using agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation m ... | 2008 | 18854007 |
| a conifer genomics resource of 200,000 spruce (picea spp.) ests and 6,464 high-quality, sequence-finished full-length cdnas for sitka spruce (picea sitchensis). | members of the pine family (pinaceae), especially species of spruce (picea spp.) and pine (pinus spp.), dominate many of the world's temperate and boreal forests. these conifer forests are of critical importance for global ecosystem stability and biodiversity. they also provide the majority of the world's wood and fiber supply and serve as a renewable resource for other industrial biomaterials. in contrast to angiosperms, functional and comparative genomics research on conifers, or other gymnosp ... | 2008 | 18854048 |
| [molecular characterization and expression profile of a novel porcine gene differentially expressed in the muscle and backfat tissues from chinese meishan and russian large white pigs]. | the mrna differential display technique was performed to investigate the differences of gene expression in the longissimus dorsi muscle and backfat tissues from chinese meishan and russian large white pigs. one novel gene that was differentially expressed was identified through semi-quantitative rt-pcr and the cdna complete sequence was then obtained using the rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) method. the cdna sequence of this gene is not homologous to any of the known porcine genes. the s ... | 2008 | 18856055 |
| characterization of osbzip23 as a key player of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor family for conferring abscisic acid sensitivity and salinity and drought tolerance in rice. | osbzip23 is a member of the basic leucine zipper (bzip) transcription factor family in rice (oryza sativa). expression of osbzip23 is strongly induced by a wide spectrum of stresses, including drought, salt, abscisic acid (aba), and polyethylene glycol treatments, while other stress-responsive genes of this family are slightly induced only by one or two of the stresses. transactivation assay in yeast demonstrated that osbzip23 functions as a transcriptional activator, and the sequences at the n ... | 2008 | 18931143 |
| inheritance of resistance to bacterial blight in 21 cultivars of rice. | abstract genetic analysis for resistance to bacterial blight (xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) of 21 rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars was carried out. these cultivars were divided into two groups based on their reactions to philippine races of bacterial blight. cultivars of group 1 were resistant to race 1 and those of group 2 were susceptible to race 1 but resistant to race 2. all the cultivars were crossed with tn1, which is susceptible to all the philippine races of x. oryzae pv. oryzae. f(1) a ... | 2003 | 18943128 |
| identification of specific fragments of hpag xooc, a harpin from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, that induce disease resistance and enhance growth in plants. | harpin proteins from gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria can stimulate hypersensitive cell death (hcd) and pathogen defense as well as enhance growth in plants. two of these diverse activities clearly are beneficial and may depend on particular functional regions of the proteins. identification of beneficial and deleterious regions might facilitate the beneficial use of harpin-related proteins on crops without causing negative effects like cell death. here, we report the identification and t ... | 2008 | 18943254 |
| mapping and comparative analysis of qtl for crown rust resistance in an italian x perennial ryegrass population. | abstract crown rust (puccinia coronata f. sp. lolli) is a serious fungal foliar disease of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) and italian ryegrass (l. multiflorum lam.), which are important forage and turf species. a number of quantitative trait loci (qtl) for crown rust resistance previously were identified in perennial ryegrass under growth chamber or greenhouse conditions. in this study, we conducted a qtl mapping for crown rust resistance in a three-generation italian x perennial ryegras ... | 2007 | 18943608 |
| expression analysis of rice defense-related genes in turfgrass in response to magnaporthe grisea. | abstract magnaporthe grisea (anamorph = pyricularia grisea) causes blast on rice (oryza sativa) and gray leaf spot on turfgrass. gray leaf spot is a serious disease on st. augustinegrass (stenotaphrum secundatum), perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), and tall fescue (festuca arundinacea). virulence assays performed in this study revealed that m. grisea collected from rice could also cause disease on st. augustinegrass and tall fescue. one rice isolate, che86061, caused similar disease reactions ... | 2007 | 18944372 |
| near immunity to rice tungro spherical virus achieved in rice by a replicase-mediated resistance strategy. | abstract rice tungro disease is caused by rice tungro bacilliform virus (rtbv), which is responsible for the symptoms, and rice tungro spherical virus (rtsv), which assists transmission of both viruses by leafhoppers. transgenic japonica rice plants (oryza sativa) were produced containing the rtsv replicase (rep) gene in the sense or antisense orientation. over 70% of the plants contained one to five copies of the rep gene, with integration occurring at a single locus in most cases. plants produ ... | 1999 | 18944657 |
| a major quantitative trait locus for rice yellow mottle virus resistance maps to a cluster of blast resistance genes on chromosome 12. | abstract two doubled-haploid rice populations, ir64/azucena and irat177/ apura, were used to identify markers linked to rice yellow mottle virus (rymv) resistance using core restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) maps. resistance was measured by mechanical inoculation of 19-day-old seedlings followed by assessment of virus content by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests 15 days after inoculation. ir64/azucena and irat177/apura populations, 72 and 43 lines, respectively, were evaluate ... | 1997 | 18945025 |
| pseudomonas fluorescens wcs374r-induced systemic resistance in rice against magnaporthe oryzae is based on pseudobactin-mediated priming for a salicylic acid-repressible multifaceted defense response. | selected strains of nonpathogenic rhizobacteria can reduce disease in foliar tissues through the induction of a defense state known as induced systemic resistance (isr). compared with the large body of information on isr in dicotyledonous plants, little is known about the mechanisms underlying rhizobacteria-induced resistance in cereal crops. here, we demonstrate the ability of pseudomonas fluorescens wcs374r to trigger isr in rice (oryza sativa) against the leaf blast pathogen magnaporthe oryza ... | 2008 | 18945932 |
| enhanced thermotolerance of e. coli by expressed oshsp90 from rice (oryza sativa l.). | a gene encoding the rice (oryza sativa l.) 90-kda heat shock protein (oshsp90) was introduced into escherichia coli using the pgex-6p-3 expression vector with a glutathione-s-transferase (gst) tag to analyze the possible function of this protein under heat stress for the first time. we compared the survivability of e. coli (bl21) cells transformed with a recombinant plasmid containing gst-oshsp90 fusion protein with control e. coli cells transformed with the plasmid containing gst and the wild t ... | 2009 | 18946700 |
| evaluation of physiological and biochemical responses of two rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars to ambient air pollution using open top chambers at a rural site in india. | air pollutant concentrations are rising in india, causing potential threats to crop production. as air pollutants are known to interfere with physiological processes, this study was conducted to assess the relative responses of physiological and biochemical characteristics of two cultivars of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. saurabh 950 and ndr 97) leading to variable yield responses. twelve hour monitoring of ambient concentrations of so2, no2 and o3 in filtered chambers (fcs), non-filtered chambers ( ... | 2008 | 18962826 |
| genome-wide comparative analysis of putative bidirectional promoters from rice, arabidopsis and populus. | a bidirectional promoter can regulate the expression of two flanking genes arranged in a divergent manner. although reports pertaining to bidirectional promoters on a genomic scale exist in mammals, little progress has been made in plants. in the present study, we performed a computational analysis of this unique class of promoters to identify overrepresented cis-regulatory motifs from three sequenced plant genomes: rice (oryza sativa), arabidopsis thaliana, and populus trichocarpa using the pla ... | 2009 | 18973799 |
| two rice phosphate transporters, ospht1;2 and ospht1;6, have different functions and kinetic properties in uptake and translocation. | plant phosphate (pi) transporters mediate the uptake and translocation of this nutrient within plants. a total of 13 sequences in the rice (oryza sativa) genome can be identified as belonging to the pi transporter (pht1) family. here, we report on the expression patterns, biological properties and the physiological roles of two members of the family: ospht1;2 (ospt2) and ospht1;6 (ospt6). expression of both genes increased significantly under pi deprivation in roots and shoots. by using transgen ... | 2009 | 18980647 |
| disruption of a novel gene for a nac-domain protein in rice confers resistance to rice dwarf virus. | rice dwarf virus (rdv) is a serious viral pest that is transmitted to rice plants (oryza sativa l.) by leafhoppers and causes a dwarfism in infected plants. to identify host factors involved in the multiplication of rdv, we screened tos17 insertion mutant lines of rice for mutants with reduced susceptibility to rdv. one mutant, designated rim1-1, did not show typical disease symptoms upon infection with rdv. the accumulation of rdv capsid proteins was also drastically reduced in inoculated rim1- ... | 2009 | 18980655 |
| reactome knowledgebase of human biological pathways and processes. | reactome (http://www.reactome.org) is an expert-authored, peer-reviewed knowledgebase of human reactions and pathways that functions as a data mining resource and electronic textbook. its current release includes 2975 human proteins, 2907 reactions and 4455 literature citations. a new entity-level pathway viewer and improved search and data mining tools facilitate searching and visualizing pathway data and the analysis of user-supplied high-throughput data sets. reactome has increased its utilit ... | 2009 | 18981052 |
| characterization of the genome expression trends in the heading-stage panicle of six rice lineages. | to study how changes in gene regulation shape phenotypic variations in rice, we performed a comparative analysis of genome expression in the heading-stage panicle from six lineages of cultivated and wild rice, including oryza sativa subsp. indica, japonica and javanica, o. nivara , o. rufipogon and o. glaberrima. while nearly three-quarters of the genes are expressed at a constant level in all six lineages, a large portion of the genome, ranging from 1767 to 4489 genes, exhibited differential ex ... | 2009 | 18996467 |
| expression, crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic analysis of xoo2316, a predicted 6-phosphogluconolactonase, from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo) causes bacterial blight, which is one of the most devastating diseases of rice (oryza sativa l.) in many rice-growing countries. the coding sequence of xoo2316 (a predicted 6-phosphogluconolactonase; 6pgl) from xoo was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. 6pgl is an enzyme that is involved in the second step of the pentose phosphate pathway, which is essential for the synthesis of nucleotide sugars and nadph, the main source of reducing power. the protein ... | 2008 | 18997330 |
| biochemical and crystallographic characterization of the starch branching enzyme i (bei) from oryza sativa l. | starch branching enzyme (sbe) catalyzes the cleavage of alpha-1.4-linkages and the subsequent transfer of alpha-1.4 glucan to form an alpha-1.6 branch point in amylopectin. we overproduced rice branching enzyme i (bei) in escherichia coli cells, and the resulting enzyme (rbei) was characterized with respect to biochemical and crystallographic properties. specific activities were calculated to be 20.8 units/mg and 2.5 units/mg respectively when amylose and amylopectin were used as substrates. sit ... | 2008 | 18997409 |
| evolutionary fate of rhizome-specific genes in a non-rhizomatous sorghum genotype. | what is the fate of organ-specific genes after the organ is lost? for sorghum propinquum and sorghum halepense genes that were previously shown to have rhizome-enriched expression, we have conducted comparative analysis of both coding regions and regulatory sequences in sorghum bicolor (non-rhizomatousness) and s. propinquum (rhizomatousness). most genes with rhizome-enriched expression appear to have similar numbers of paralogous copies in both genotypes, with only three of 24 genes studied sho ... | 2009 | 19002204 |
| blufensin1 negatively impacts basal defense in response to barley powdery mildew. | plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to control the defense response against microbial attack. both temporal and spatial gene expression are tightly regulated in response to pathogen ingress, modulating both positive and negative control of defense. blufensin1 (bln1), a small peptide belonging to a novel family of proteins in barley (hordeum vulgare), is highly induced by attack from the obligate biotrophic fungus blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (bgh), casual agent of powdery mildew ... | 2009 | 19005086 |
| scavenging reactive oxygen species by rice dehydroascorbate reductase alleviates oxidative stresses in escherichia coli. | maintaining redox balance is one of the crucial requirements for a cell to endure stress from the outside. dehydroascorbate reductase (dhar; ec 1.8.5.1) plays an important role in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle; one of the major ros scavenging systems in most known biological systems. a cdna clone of the dhar gene from oryza sativa (osdhar) was isolated and overexpressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) strain from the pet-28a(+) expression vector. the osdhar transformed e. coli cells showed sign ... | 2008 | 19011360 |
| structure and expression analysis of the oscam1-1 calmodulin gene from oryza sativa l. | calmodulin (cam) proteins, members of the ef-hand family of ca(2+)- binding proteins, represent important relays in plant calcium signals. here, oscam1-1 was isolated by pcr amplification from the rice genome. the gene contains an orf of 450 base pairs with a single intron at the same position found in other plant cam genes. a promoter region with a tata box at position-26 was predicted and fused to a gus reporter gene, and this construct was used to produce transgenic rice by agrobacterium-medi ... | 2008 | 19017488 |
| novel cysteine-rich peptides from digitaria ciliaris and oryza sativa enhance tolerance to cadmium by limiting its cellular accumulation. | by means of functional screening using the cadmium (cd)-sensitive ycf1 yeast mutant, we have isolated a novel cdna clone, dccdt1, from digitaria ciliaris growing in a former mining area in northern japan, and have shown that it confers cd tolerance to the yeast cells, which accumulated almost 2-fold lower cd levels than control cells. the 521 bp dccdt1 cdna contains an open reading frame of 168 bp and encodes a deduced peptide, dccdt1, that is 55 amino acid residues in length, of which 15 (27.3% ... | 2009 | 19017626 |
| hybrid male sterility in rice controlled by interaction between divergent alleles of two adjacent genes. | sterility is common in hybrids between divergent populations, such as the indica and japonica subspecies of asian cultivated rice (oryza sativa). although multiple loci for plant hybrid sterility have been identified, it remains unknown how alleles of the loci interact at the molecular level. here we show that a locus for indica-japonica hybrid male sterility, sa, comprises two adjacent genes, sam and saf, encoding a small ubiquitin-like modifier e3 ligase-like protein and an f-box protein, resp ... | 2008 | 19033192 |
| independent losses of function in a polyphenol oxidase in rice: differentiation in grain discoloration between subspecies and the role of positive selection under domestication. | asian rice (oryza sativa) cultivars originated from wild rice and can be divided into two subspecies by several criteria, one of which is the phenol reaction (phr) phenotype. grains of indica cultivars turn brown in a phenol solution that accelerates a similar process that occurs during prolonged storage. by contrast, the grains of japonica do not discolor. this distinction may reflect the divergent domestication of these two subspecies. the phr is controlled by a single gene, phr1; here, we rep ... | 2008 | 19033526 |
| rice osysl15 is an iron-regulated iron(iii)-deoxymugineic acid transporter expressed in the roots and is essential for iron uptake in early growth of the seedlings. | graminaceous plants take up iron through ys1 (yellow stripe 1) and ys1-like (ysl) transporters using iron-chelating compounds known as mugineic acid family phytosiderophores. we examined the expression of 18 rice (oryza sativa l.) ysl genes (osysl1-18) in the epidermis/exodermis, cortex, and stele of rice roots. expression of osysl15 in root epidermis and stele was induced by iron deficiency and showed daily fluctuation. osysl15 restored a yeast mutant defective in iron uptake when supplied with ... | 2009 | 19049971 |
| a novel bacterial blight resistance gene from oryza nivara mapped to 38 kb region on chromosome 4l and transferred to oryza sativa l. | bacterial blight (bb) of rice caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (xoo) is one of the major constraints to productivity in south-east asia. the strategy of using major genes, singly or in combination, continues to be the most effective approach for bb management. currently, more than two dozen genes have been designated but not all the known genes are effective against all the prevalent pathotypes. the challenge, therefore, is to continue to expand the gene pool of effective and potentially d ... | 2008 | 19061530 |
| effects of n and k applications on agronomic characteristics of two iranian and landrace rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars. | nutrition elements like nitrogen and potassium are restricting yield performance of rice cultivars and affecting on their characteristics. in order to consider effects of different amount of nitrogen and potassium on yield and chemical compounds of two rice cultivars (tarrom and neda which are landrace and improved iranian genotypes, respectively), current experiment has been undertaken in 2004 and 2005. four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg n ha(-1) from urea source) and fou ... | 2007 | 19069882 |
| an assessment of wx microsatellite allele, alkali degradation and differentiation of chloroplast dna in traditional black rice (oryza sativa l.) from thailand and lao pdr. | thailand and lao pdr are the country's rich rice diversity. to contribute a significant knowledge for development new rice varieties, a collection of 142 black rice (oryza sativa) accessions were determined for variation of physico-chemical properties, wx microsatellite allele, wx allele and chloroplast dna type. the results showed that amylose content of black rice accessions were ranged from 1.9 to 6.8%. all of the alkali disintegration types (high, intermediate and low) was observed in these ... | 2007 | 19070026 |
| dispersal of viable row-crop seeds of commercial agriculture by farmland birds: implication for genetically modified crops. | to address some concerns about the expansion of genetically engineered pharmaceutical and industrial crops to outdoor plantings and potential impacts on the human food supply, we determined whether commercial agriculture seeds of maize or corn zea mays l., barley hordeum vulgare l., safflower carthamus tinctorius l. and rice oryza sativa l. are digested or pass viably through the digestive tract, or are transported externally, by captive mallard ducks anas platyrhynchos l., ring-necked pheasants ... | 2008 | 19081011 |
| constitutive expression of a rice gtpase-activating protein induces defense responses. | g-proteins (guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that usually exhibit gtpase activities) and related signal transduction processes play important roles in mediating plant defense responses; here, a rice (oryza sativa) cdna clone, osgap1, encoding a gtpase-activating protein (gap) that also contains a protein kinase c conserved region 2 (c2) domain is reported. an interacting g-protein partner for the osgap1 protein was identified by yeast two-hybrid library screening and confirmed by co-immunopre ... | 2008 | 19086295 |
| response of rice (oryza sativa l.) cooking quality properties to nitrogen and potassium application. | in order to consider effects of various levels of nitrogen and potassium application on cooking quality traits of rice cultivars, an experiment was conducted in 2004 and 2005 using tarrom (a local iranian landrace) and neda (an iranian improved cultivar). in this experiment four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg n ha(-2) from urea source) and four levels of potassium fertilizer (0, 75, 150 and 225 kg k2o ha(-2) from potassium sulfate source) have been applied using a split fac ... | 2007 | 19086555 |
| effect of planting density on agronomical characteristics of rice (oryza sativa l.) varieties in north of iran. | in order to study the effects of plant density on agronomical characteristics of rice varieties a field experiment was carried out in field of ghaemshahr azad university in 2006. this experiment was laid out in split plot in basis of randomized completely block design with three replications. main factor was rice variety in three levels (hashemi tarom, fajr, neda) and minor factor was planting density (including 10 x 8.3, 10 x 10, 12.5 x 10, 16.6 x 10, 16.6 x 15 and 25 x 20 cm or 120, 100, 80, 6 ... | 2007 | 19090127 |
| in vitro plant regeneration through anther culture of some iranian local rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars. | in this study, effect of different genotypes, different callus induction and regeneration media were investigated using seven iranian local rice. anthers were cultured on n6, fj and l8 media containing the same hormonal combination 3 mg l(-1) naa, 0.5 mg l(-1) kn and 0.5 mg l(-1) 2, 4-d and incubated at 25 +/- 1 degree c in dark for callus induction. all varieties in l8 medium, five varieties in fj medium and six varieties in n6 medium produced highest percentage of callus. calli induced in diff ... | 2007 | 19093446 |