| pu-erh tea, green tea, and black tea suppresses hyperlipidemia, hyperleptinemia and fatty acid synthase through activating ampk in rats fed a high-fructose diet. | although green tea extract has been reported to suppress hyperlipidemia, it is unclear how tea extracts prepared from green, oolong, black and pu-erh teas modulate fatty acid synthase expression in rats fed on a high-fructose diet. in this animal study, we evaluated the hypolipidemic and hypoleptinemia effect of these four different tea leaves fed to male wistar rats for 12 weeks. the results showed that a fructose-rich diet significantly elevated serum triacylglycerols, cholesterol, insulin, an ... | 2011 | 22127373 |
| antimicrobial activity of calendula officinalis, camellia sinensis and chlorhexidine against the adherence of microorganisms to sutures after extraction of unerupted third molars. | the objective of this study was to compare the antimicrobial effect of mouthwashes containing calendula officinalis l., camellia sinensis (l.) kuntze and 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate on the adherence of microorganisms to suture materials after extraction of unerupted third molars. | 2011 | 21986652 |
| theaflavin attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury in a mouse fatty liver model. | the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) has been increasing, and there is a shortage of liver donors, which has led to the acceptance of steatotic livers for transplantation. however, steatotic livers are known to experience more severe acute ischemia-reperfusion (i/r) injury than normal livers upon transplantation. in the present study, we investigated the role of theaflavin, a polyphenol substance extracted from black tea, in attenuating acute i/r injury in a fatty liver mod ... | 2011 | 22155236 |
| antagonistic role of tea against sodium arsenite-induced oxidative dna damage and inhibition of dna repair in swiss albino mice. | arsenic (as) contamination in groundwater is of increasing health concern in west bengal, india. arsenic has been associated with various human cancers, but the precise mechanism of its co-carcinogenic action is not clearly elucidated. oxidative stress and defective repair mechanisms may promote accumulation of mutations and may be a stepping stone for carcinogenesis. prevention of arsenic-induced oxidative stress and repair inhibition may reduce the chances of initiation of cancer. tea polyphen ... | 2011 | 22181980 |
| comparative antimutagenic and anticancer activity of three fractions of black tea polyphenols thearubigins. | antimutagenic and anticancer effects of black tea polyphenols theaflavins (tf) and thearubigins (tr) have previously been reported. tr is a complex mixture of polyphenols. in this study, our interest was to fractionate tr and to study the antimutagenic and anticancer activities of the fractions. three fractions of tr, namely tr-1, tr-2, and tr-3, were isolated by chromatographic processes. antimutagenic activity of these 3 fractions was carried out on 4 salmonella strains by ames assay. anticanc ... | 2011 | 21919645 |
| theaflavins inhibit the atp synthase and the respiratory chain without increasing superoxide production. | four dietary polyphenols, theaflavin, theaflavin-3-gallate, theaflavin-3'-gallate and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (tf3), have been isolated from black tea, and their effects on oxidative phosphorylation and superoxide production in a model system (escherichia coli) have been examined. the esterified theaflavins were all potent inhibitors of the membrane-bound adenosine triphosphate (atp) synthase, inhibiting at least 90% of the activity, with ic(50) values in the range of 10-20 μm. atp-driven prot ... | 2011 | 21924889 |
| resveratrol and black tea polyphenol combination synergistically suppress mouse skin tumors growth by inhibition of activated mapks and p53. | cancer chemoprevention by natural dietary agents has received considerable importance because of their cost-effectiveness and wide safety margin. however, single agent intervention has failed to bring the expected outcome in clinical trials; therefore, combinations of chemopreventive agents are gaining increasing popularity. the present study aims to evaluate the combinatorial chemopreventive effects of resveratrol and black tea polyphenol (btp) in suppressing two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis ... | 2011 | 21887248 |
| antibacterial activity of iranian green and black tea on streptococcus mutans: an in vitro study. | dental caries is a common infectious disease. streptococcus mutans is the pre-valent decay microorganism. the anti streptococcus mutans activity of non fermented and semi-fermented tea has been shown. the aim of this study was to determine the anti streptococcus mutans activity of iranian green and black tea (non fermented and fermented type). | 2011 | 21998809 |
| Theaflavin, a black tea polyphenol, protects nigral dopaminergic neurons against chronic MPTP/probenecid induced Parkinson's disease. | Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by loss of dopominergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta, and can be experimentally induced by the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Chronic administration of MPTP/probenecid (MPTP/p) leads to oxidative stress, induction of apoptosis, and loss of dopominergic neurons which results in motor impairments. Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between tea ... | 2012 | 22138428 |
| black tea theaflavins inhibit formation of toxic amyloid-β and α-synuclein fibrils. | causal therapeutic approaches for amyloid diseases such as alzheimer's and parkinson's disease targeting toxic amyloid oligomers or fibrils are still emerging. here, we show that theaflavins (tf1, tf2a, tf2b, and tf3), the main polyphenolic components found in fermented black tea, are potent inhibitors of amyloid-β (aβ) and α-synuclein (αs) fibrillogenesis. their mechanism of action was compared to that of two established inhibitors of amyloid formation, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) and c ... | 2011 | 22054421 |
| structural identification of mouse fecal metabolites of theaflavin 3,3'-digallate using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. | black tea consumption has been associated with many health benefits including the prevention of cancer and heart disease. theaflavins are the major bioactive polyphenols present in black tea. unfortunately, limited information is available on their biotransformation. in the present study, we investigated the metabolic fate of theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (tfdg), one of the most abundant and bioactive theaflavins, in mouse fecal samples using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass ... | 2011 | 21906744 |
| Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) consumption is associated with higher bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. | Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) tea consumption is higher in Argentina and other South American countries than those of coffee or tea (Camellia sinensis). The effects of Yerba Mate on bone health have not previously been explored. From a program for osteoporosis prevention and treatment, postmenopausal women who drank at least 1L of Yerba Mate tea daily during 4 or more years (n=146) were identified, and matched by age and time since menopause with an equal number of women who did not drink Yer ... | 2012 | 21920487 |
| Theaflavin Inhibits LPS-Induced IL-6, MCP-1, and ICAM-1 Expression in Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages Through the Blockade of NF-?B and MAPK Signaling Pathways. | Theaflavin, the main polyphenol in black tea, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-mutagenic, and anti-carcinogenic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of theaflavin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced innate signaling and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in bone marrow-derived macrophages isolated from ICR mice. The effects of theaflavin on the expression of proinflammatory mediators, LPS-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-?B), and mitogen-activated prote ... | 2011 | 22111069 |
| tea polyphenols inhibit rat osteoclast formation and differentiation. | matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) play an important role in degeneration of the matrix associated with bone and cartilage. regulation of osteoclast activity is essential in the treatment of bone disease, including osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. polyphenols in green tea, particularly epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), inhibit mmps expression and activity. however, the effects of the black tea polyphenol, theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (tfdg), on osteoclast and mmp activity are unknown. therefor ... | 2011 | 22186621 |
| computer aided screening and evaluation of herbal therapeutics against mrsa infections. | methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), a pathogenic bacterium that causes life threatening outbreaks such as community-onset and nosocomial infections has emerged as 'superbug'. the organism developed resistance to all classes of antibiotics including the best known vancomycin (vrsa). hence, there is a need to develop new therapeutic agents. this study mainly evaluates the potential use of botanicals against mrsa infections. computer aided design is an initial platform to screen nov ... | 2011 | 22125390 |
| Effects of various cooking methods and food components on bioaccessibility of mercury from fish. | Fish consumption is the main source of human exposure to mercury. Studies from specific human populations have reported Hg levels lower than those modeled from consumption data. These discrepancies between expected and measured Hg levels may be explained by differences in dietary habits such as cooking methods and food components on fish Hg bioavailability. We assessed the effects of three cooking methods (no cooking, frying and boiling) and of the co-ingestion of selected food items (tea, coffe ... | 2011 | 22014585 |
| Updated bioavailability and 48 h excretion profile of flavan-3-ols from green tea in humans. | Green tea is a popular beverage, prepared with infusion of unfermented dried leaves of Camellia sinensis, and is one of the most relevant sources of polyphenolic compounds in the human diet. This study reports green tea flavan-3-ol absorption, metabolism and complete urinary excretion up to 48 h in 20 healthy volunteers. Urinary and tea samples were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Green tea contained monomeric flavan-3-ols and proanthocya ... | 2011 | 22133145 |
| Effect of light units on tooth bleaching with visible-light activating titanium dioxide photocatalyst. | This study evaluated the influence of different light sources on the efficiency of an office bleaching agent containing visible-light activating titanium dioxide photocatalyst (VL-TiO(2)) using an artificial discoloration tooth model. Extracted bovine teeth were stained by black tea. The CIE L*a*b* values were measured before and after nine consecutive treatments by the VL-TiO(2)-containing bleaching agent (TiON in Office, GC, Tokyo, Japan). A halogen light unit (CB; CoBee, GC) or an LED unit (G ... | 2011 | 21946494 |
| effect of green tea (camellia sinensis l.) extract on morphological and functional changes in adult male gonads of albino rats. | green tea, prepared from the steamed and dried leaves of the shrub camellia sinensis, is known for its antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic effects. however, its effects on male gonadal functions have not been explored adequately and the present investigation has been undertaken to evaluate the effect of green tea extract on gonads of adult male albino rats. results of in vivo studies showed that green tea extract (gte) at mild (1.25 g%, identical to 5 cups of tea/day), moderate (2.5 g%, identical ... | 2011 | 21941943 |
| Anti-obesity effects of the methanolic extract and chakasaponins from the flower buds of Camellia sinensis in mice. | The methanolic extract from the flower buds of Camellia sinensis cultivated in Fujian Province showed inhibitory effects on body weight gain and the weight of visceral fats in high-fat diet-fed mice and/or Tsumura Suzuki Obese Diabetic (TSOD) mice. A suppressive effect of the extract on food intake was suggested to contribute to the anti-obesity effect. The n-butanol (BuOH)-soluble fraction also reduced food intake in normal diet-fed mice. A principal constituent, chakasaponin II, inhibited gast ... | 2011 | 21925888 |
| antiobesity effects of chinese black tea (pu-erh tea) extract and gallic acid. | the antiobesity effects of chinese black tea (pu-erh tea) and of gallic acid (ga) were investigated using in vitro and in vivo assays. chinese black tea extract (bte) and ga inhibited pancreatic lipase activity in a dose-dependent manner in vitro; the ic(inhibitory concentration)(50) values were 101.6 and 9.2 µg/ml, respectively. black tea extract (50, 100 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) and ga (15, 45 mg/kg b.w.) significantly suppressed the elevation of blood triglyceride after oral administration o ... | 2011 | 22508359 |
| pilot study on which foods should be avoided by patients with psoriasis. | fundament: psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory systemic disease mediated by immune factors. we will explore the foods that act on these factors contributing to psoriasis. as a systemic disease, which shares the same pathophysiological substrate with other comorbidities, diet also leads to worsening of comorbidities. | 2011 | 22281896 |
| antioxidant and antibacterial properties of green, black, and herbal teas of camellia sinensis. | the role of non-polymeric phenolic (np) and polymeric tannin (pt) constituents in the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of six brands of green, black, and herbal teas of camellia sinensis were investigated. | 2011 | 22224051 |
| isolation and identification of salmonella from curry samples and its sensitivity to commercial antibiotics and aqueous extracts of camelia sinensis (l.) and trachyspermum ammi (l.). | to isolate salmonella from curry samples and to evaluate the drug sensitivity of the food-borne salmonella and its susceptibility to specific plant extracts. | 2011 | 23569772 |
| phytochemical analysis of the triterpenoids with cytotoxicity and qr inducing properties from the total tea seed saponin of camellia sinensis. | the tea seed triterpene saponin (ts) from camellia sinensis was found to exhibit better antitumor activity in vivo in s180 implanted icr mice and qr inducing activity for hepa lclc7 cells respectively compared with the total tea seed saponin (tts), hydrolysate of the tts and tea seed flavonoid glycosides (tf). by bioassay-guided isolation, the ts fraction was separated and seven major components were purified and identified as theasaponin e1 (1), theasaponin e2 (2), theasaponin c1 (3), assamsapo ... | 2012 | 23266730 |
| black tea and blood pressure: did the blood pressure fall or rise?-reply. | | 2012 | 23752673 |
| copper induced oxidative stress in tea (camellia sinensis) leaves. | tea [camellia sinensis l. (o.) kuntze] is an economically important plantation crop of india but is prone to attack by several fungal pathogens. copper based fungicides are being used for decades to control fungal diseases in tea which may lead to accumulation of copper in the soil. the biochemical responses to increasing concentrations of copper (50 to 700 microm) were investigated in the leaves of two cultivars of tea commonly grown in the darjeeling hills. exposure to excess cu resulted in in ... | 2012 | 23734451 |
| comparative studies on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of different tea extracts. | tea is one of the most popular drinks next to water. tea polyphenol is one of the main bioactive constituents of tea with health functions. in order to find the most bioactive tea polyphynols, polyphenol extracts from green tea, black tea and chemical oxidation products of green tea extracts were comparatively studied on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties. results showed physicochemical and antioxidant properties of polyphenol extracts changed greatly after the chemical oxidation. hy ... | 2011 | 23729856 |
| effect of different brewing times on soluble oxalate content of loose-packed black teas and tea bags. | because of the postulated role of increased dietary oxalate intake in calcium oxalate stone formation, the effect of different brewing times on soluble oxalate contents of loose-packed black tea and tea bags was studied. the oxalate content of 25 different samples of loose-packed black teas after brewing at 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min and of ten brands of tea bags after infusion for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 min was measured by enzymatic assay. the oxalate concentration resulting from different brewing ti ... | 2012 | 23532418 |
| theaflavins, dimeric catechins, inhibit peptide transport across caco-2 cell monolayers via down-regulation of amp-activated protein kinase-mediated peptide transporter pept1. | in the small intestine, peptide transporter 1 (pept1) plays a role in the transport of di- and tripeptides. in this study, we investigated whether theaflavins (tfs) affect the absorption of small peptides in human intestinal caco-2 cells, since tfs do not penetrate through the cells and might be involved in intestinal transport systems. in transport experiments, the transport of glycyl-sarcosine (gly-sar, a model molecule for pept1 transport) and other dipeptides (val-tyr and ile-phe) were signi ... | 2012 | 23497868 |
| [determination of multi-pesticides in black tea by subcritical water extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. | a gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (gc-ms/ms) method with subcritical water extraction was developed for the determination of 21 organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticides in black tea. under the extraction pressure of 5 mpa, the target compounds were extracted with subcritical water at the temperature of 150 degrees c for 15 min, transferred into acetone-n-hexane (1:1, v/v), and cleaned-up by an envi-carb solid phase extraction (spe) column. the gc separation was performed on a db-5 ca ... | 2012 | 23451519 |
| determination and estimation of pharmacokinetic profile of caffeine in form of extract of green tea leaves and its analogy with synthetic form. | the aim of the study was to formulate and investigate the pharmacokinetic parameters for the tablets of herbal extract of caffeine with comparison to synthetic formulation. the tablets of the aqueous herbal extract of leaves of camellia sinensis and synthetic caffeine were formulated by wet granulation technique. the hplc and hptlc were applied as analytical tools for estimation of caffeine. the batches of formulation (b1 to b7) were subjected for various pre and post-formulation studies. the ph ... | 2011 | 23112399 |
| antimicrobial activities of tocklai vegetative tea clones. | thirty-one tocklai vegetative (tv) tea clones contained caffeine and total catechin 44.39 and 227.55 mg/g dry weight of leaves, respectively. the (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) was the most abundant (109.60 mg/g) followed by -(-)-epigallocatechin (egc, 44.54 mg/g), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ecg, 41.74 mg/g), (-)-epicatechin (ec, 27.42 mg/g) and +catechin (4.25 mg/g). total catechins were highest in tv 20 (509.7 mg/g) and lowest in tv 6 (71.7 mg/g). the tea clones that contain high level of t ... | 2011 | 23024406 |
| black tea extract and its theaflavin derivatives inhibit the growth of periodontopathogens and modulate interleukin-8 and β-defensin secretion in oral epithelial cells. | over the years, several studies have brought evidence suggesting that tea polyphenols, mostly from green tea, may have oral health benefits. since few data are available concerning the beneficial properties of black tea and its theaflavin derivatives against periodontal disease, the objective of this study was to investigate their antibacterial activity as well as their ability to modulate interleukin-8 and human β-defensin (hbd) secretion in oral epithelial cells. among the periodontopathogenic ... | 2015 | 26581041 |
| inhibition of listeria monocytogenes atcc 19115 on ham steak by tea bioactive compounds incorporated into chitosan-coated plastic films. | the consumer demands for better quality and safety of food products have given rise to the development and implementation of edible films. the use of antimicrobial films can be a promising tool for controlling l. monocytogenes on ready to eat products. the aim of this study was to develop effective antimicrobial films incorporating bioactive compounds from green and black teas into chitosan, for controlling l. monocytogenes atcc 19115 on vacuum-packaged ham steak. the effectiveness of these anti ... | 2012 | 22839307 |
| synergistic antimicrobial activity of camellia sinensis and juglans regia against multidrug-resistant bacteria. | synergistic combinations of antimicrobial agents with different mechanisms of action have been introduced as more successful strategies to combat infections involving multidrug resistant (mdr) bacteria. in this study, we investigated synergistic antimicrobial activity of camellia sinensis and juglans regia which are commonly used plants with different antimicrobial agents. antimicrobial susceptibility of 350 gram-positive and gram-negative strains belonging to 10 different bacterial species, was ... | 2015 | 25719410 |
| effect of black tea aqueous non-dialysate onhelicobacter pylori infection in mongolian gerbils. | recently, the appearance ofhelicobacter pylori (h. pylori) resistant to antibiotics has been reported. the development of an antibiotic therapy which would not induce resistant strains ofh. pylori is anticipated. in the present study, the antibiotic effect of black tea aqueous non-dialysate (btnd), the fraction different from tea catechins, onh. pylori was investigated using mongolian gerbils infected withh. pylori. | 2004 | 21432329 |
| tea polyphenols as an antivirulence compound disrupt quorum-sensing regulated pathogenicity of pseudomonas aeruginosa. | green tea, a water extract of non-fermented leaves of camellia sinensis l., is one of the nonalcoholic beverages in china. it is becoming increasingly popular worldwide, because of its refreshing, mild stimulant and medicinal properties. here we examined the quorum sensing inhibitory potentials of tea polyphenols (tp) as antivirulence compounds both in vitro and in vivo. biosensor assay data suggested minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of tp against selected pathogens were 6.25 ~ 12.5 mg/m ... | 2015 | 26548447 |
| transcriptome analysis reveals candidate genes involved in blister blight defense in tea (camellia sinensis (l) kuntze). | to unravel the molecular mechanism of defense against blister blight (bb) disease caused by an obligate biotrophic fungus, exobasidium vexans, transcriptome of bb interaction with resistance and susceptible tea genotypes was analysed through rna-seq using illumina gaiix at four different stages during ~20-day disease cycle. approximately 69 million high quality reads were assembled de novo, yielding 37,790 unique transcripts with more than 55% being functionally annotated. differentially express ... | 2016 | 27465480 |
| effect of medium supplements on agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated hairy root induction from the callus tissues of camellia sinensis var. sinensis. | tea (camellia sinensis l.) is recalcitrant to agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation largely due to the bactericidal effects of tea polyphenols and phenolics oxidation induced by necrosis of explant tissue over the process of transformation. in this study, different antioxidants/adsorbents were added as supplements to the co-cultivation and post co-cultivation media to overcome these problems for the transformation improvement. tea-cotyledon-derived calli were used as explants and agrobac ... | 2016 | 27428960 |
| antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the beverage obtained by fermentation of sweetened lemon balm
(melissa officinalis l.) tea with symbiotic consortium
of bacteria and yeasts. | kombucha is a fermented tea beverage which is traditionally prepared by fermenting sweetened black or green tea (camellia sinensis l.) with symbiotic consortium of bacteria and yeasts (scoby). in this study, lemon balm (melissa officinalis l.) was used as the only nitrogen source for kombucha fermentation. during the seven-day fermentation process, ph value, titratable acidity (ta), total phenolic content, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity against hydroxyl (˙oh) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-pic ... | 2014 | 27904315 |
| iranian black tea and cowslip extracts induce tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion from mouse macrophage cell culture. | many species of tea (camellia sinensis) and cowslip (echium amoenum) are used in iranian traditional medicine. the aim of this study was to conduct the survey on the ability of iranian black tea and cowslip extracts on secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) by non-infected and infected mouse macrophages. a macrophage infection model with legionella pneumophila and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) technique was used in this study. research showed that the concentrations of ... | 2010 | 24363711 |
| anti-infective properties of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), a component of green tea. | the consumption of green tea (camellia sinensis) has been shown to have many physiological and pharmacological health benefits. in the past two decades several studies have reported that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), the main constituent of green tea, has anti-infective properties. antiviral activities of egcg with different modes of action have been demonstrated on diverse families of viruses, such as retroviridae, orthomyxoviridae and flaviviridae and include important human pathogens lik ... | 2013 | 23072320 |
| antimicrobial activity of green tea extract against isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and multi-drug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa. | to evaluate antibacterial activity of the indonesian water soluble green tea extract, camellia sinensis, against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) (mrsa) and multi-drug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa (mdr-p. aeruginosa). | 2013 | 23905026 |
| global analysis of type three secretion system and quorum sensing inhibition of pseudomonas savastanoi by polyphenols extracts from vegetable residues. | protection of plants against bacterial diseases still mainly relies on the use of chemical pesticides, which in europe correspond essentially to copper-based compounds. however, recently plant diseases control is oriented towards a rational use of molecules and extracts, generally with natural origin, with lower intrinsic toxicity and a reduced negative environmental impact. in this work, polyphenolic extracts from vegetable no food/feed residues of typical mediterranean crops, as olea europaea, ... | 2016 | 27668874 |
| potential of camellia sinensis proanthocyanidins-rich fraction for controlling malaria mosquito populations through disruption of larval development. | anopheles arabiensis and a. gambiae (sensu stricto) are the most prolific afrotropical malaria vectors. population control efforts of these two vectors have been hampered by extremely diverse larval breeding sites and widespread resistance to currently available insecticides. control of mosquito larval stages using bioactive compounds of plant origin has the potential to suppress vector populations leading to concomitant reduction in disease transmission rates. in this study, we evaluated the ef ... | 2016 | 27660043 |
| bioactive metabolites from the endophytic fungus alternaria alternata. | two altenuene derivatives (1-2) and one isocoumarin (3), together with six known compounds (4-9) were isolated from solid cultures of an endophytic fungus alternaria alternata, obtained from the fresh branches of camellia sinensis. chiral analysis revealed the racemic nature of 1 and 2, which were subsequently resolved into two pairs of enantiomers [(+)-1 and (-)-1, (+)-2 and (-)-2]. structures of all the isolates were identified through spectroscopic data. absolute configurations of the two pai ... | 2014 | 25261763 |
| antibacterial and antiadhesive activities of extracts from edible plants against soft drink spoilage by asaia spp. | this study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial and antiadhesive activities of ethanol extracts from five edible plant parts: cinnamon bark ( cinnamomum zeylanicum ), licorice root ( glycyrrhiza radix ), nettle leaves ( urtica dioica ), green tea leaves ( camellia sinensis ), and elderberry flowers ( sambucus nigra ). the chemical constituents of the extracts were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography plus mass spectrometry. six strains of as ... | 2017 | 28221885 |
| inhibitory effects of tea extract on aflatoxin production by aspergillus flavus. | aflatoxins, one of the most carcinogenic substances, have been implicated as a potential threat to the safety of tea beverages. in this study, we studied the inhibitory effects of the aqueous extracts from several chinese traditional teas, such as green tea, black tea, flower tea, raw puer tea (naturally fermented puer tea) and puer tea (inoculated puer tea), on the growth and aflatoxin production of aspergillus flavus. all the tested extracts inhibited the production of aflatoxin b1, whereas th ... | 2013 | 23573983 |
| protective effect of black tea infusion on aflatoxin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. | aflatoxins are a group of mycotoxins produced by aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus and are potent inducers of hepatotoxicity. | 2013 | 25755469 |
| xerophilic aflatoxigenic black tea fungi and their inhibition by elettaria cardamomum and syzygium aromaticum extracts. | black tea is consumed worldwide and is believed to play a role in cancer prevention. xerophilic aflatoxigenic fungi are highly hazardous contaminants of tea since they are associated with tea quality impairment and human health risk. the present study reports isolation of such xerophilic and aflatoxigenic fungi associated with marketed tea. twenty different tea samples collected from the local markets of tamilnadu, india were investigated for fungal contamination. the results indicated contamina ... | 2011 | 23961151 |
| in vitro activity of 23 tea extractions and epigallocatechin gallate against candida species. | in this study, we investigate the susceptibility of candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida krusei, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, and aspergillus fumigatus using the eucast microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) method (final tea supernatant concentration range 5.0-0.005 mg/ml) to 23 different teas and tea catechins including epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) isolated from green tea. all teas exhibited potent in vitro antifungal activity against c. glabrata. six out o ... | 2015 | 25605775 |
| 8-c n-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone substituted flavan-3-ols as the marker compounds of chinese dark teas formed in the post-fermentation process provide significant antioxidative activity. | phytochemical investigation of the aqueous extract of pu-erh tea afforded eight novel 8-c n-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone substituted flavan-3-ols (puerins i-viii) by (1)h, (13)c, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (hplc-dad-esi/ms) analysis. comparative chemical analysis of green tea, black tea and chinese dark teas confirmed that these compounds were the marker compounds of ... | 2014 | 24444972 |
| [determination of the antimicrobial capacity of green tea (camellia sinensis) against the potentially pathogenic microorganisms escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, candida albicans and aspergillus niger]. | many studies can be found in scientific literature demonstrating the antimicrobial capacity of different herbs, including green tea. never-theless, many results are divergent or cannot be compared. several green tea formulations may be found in market, but there is scarce or non-information about its activity. in this work, the potential antimicrobial effect of 50 samples of dry green tea and in 10% infusion against escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus au ... | 2013 | 25362825 |
| improvement of tea leaves fermentation through pectinases. | the pectinase enzymes isolated from aspergillus niger, byssochlamys fulva and mucor circinelloides were used for fermentation of tea leaves from camellia sinensis plant. the use of partially purified enzymes from aspergillus niger and mucor circinelloides resulted in significant (p < 0.001) increase in the phenolic compounds, hence, improvement in tea quality. maximum increase in phenolic compounds was found in tea leaves treated with partially purified polygalacturonase (pgase) from mucor circi ... | 2012 | 22982636 |
| mycomon-monitoring project of toxigenic fungi in food in years 1999 - 2001. | an occurrence of the toxigenic fungi producing aflatoxins and ochratoxin a in food was investigated in the study ("mycomon") in years 1999-2001. twenty five commodities were purchased from retail in twelve collection places in the czech republic (300 food samples together). the presence of potentially toxigenic fungiaspergillus flavus was observed in 28% of the sampled food (black pepper, black tea, caraway seeds, fine flour, fruit tea, oat flakes) in the year 1999, in 17% of the sampled food (b ... | 2002 | 23606161 |
| butenolide derivatives from the plant endophytic fungus aspergillus terreus. | three new butenolides containing 5-hydroxyfuran-2(5h)-one core, asperteretal a (1), asperteretal b (2), and asperteretal c (3), together with seven known butenolides (4-10), were obtained from an endophytic fungus aspergillus terreus pr-p-2 isolated from the plant camellia sinensis var. assamica. the structures of compounds 1-3 were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis including uv, ir, hresims, 1d and 2d nmr, and ecd spectra. compounds 1, 3, 5 and 6-8 showed potent inhibit ... | 2016 | 27370101 |
| genome-guided insights into the plant growth promotion capabilities of the physiologically versatile bacillus aryabhattai strain ab211. | bacillus aryabhattai ab211 is a plant growth promoting, gram-positive firmicute, isolated from the rhizosphere of tea (camellia sinensis), one of the oldest perennial crops and a major non-alcoholic beverage widely consumed all over the world. the whole genome of b. aryabhattai ab211 was sequenced, annotated and evaluated with special focus on genomic elements related to plant microbe interaction. it's genome sequence reveals the presence of a 5,403,026 bp chromosome. a total of 5226 putative pr ... | 2017 | 28377746 |
| lactic acid bacteria: promising supplements for enhancing the biological activities of kombucha. | kombucha is sweetened black tea that is fermented by a symbiosis of bacteria and yeast embedded within a cellulose membrane. it is considered a health drink in many countries because it is a rich source of vitamins and may have other health benefits. it has previously been reported that adding lactic acid bacteria (lactobacillus) strains to kombucha can enhance its biological functions, but in that study only lactic acid bacteria isolated from kefir grains were tested. there are many other natur ... | 2015 | 25763303 |
| influence of phenolic compounds of kangra tea [camellia sinensis (l) o kuntze] on bacterial pathogens and indigenous bacterial probiotics of western himalayas. | phenolic compounds of nutraceutical importance viz., catechins (c), (-)-epicatechin (ec), (-)-epigallocatechin (egc), (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ecg) were estimated in fresh green tea shoots of camellia sinensis (l) o kuntze cultivar. the total polyphenols and total catechins were in the range of 219.90 to 317.81 and 140.83 to 271.39 g/kg, respectively in monthly samples of tea. the values of c, ec, egc, egcg and ecg in tea powders as analyzed through hi ... | 2013 | 24516437 |
| the microbiota is essential for the generation of black tea theaflavins-derived metabolites. | theaflavins including theaflavin (tf), theaflavin-3-gallate (tf3g), theaflavin-3'-gallate (tf3'g), and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (tfdg), are the most important bioactive polyphenols in black tea. because of their poor systemic bioavailability, it is still unclear how these compounds can exert their biological functions. the objective of this study is to identify the microbial metabolites of theaflavins in mice and in humans. | 2012 | 23227227 |
| green tea extract: possible mechanism and antibacterial activity on skin pathogens. | camellia sinensis (tea) is known for its therapeutic properties (anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-tumour, anti-oxidative and anti-ageing). although, anti-microbial properties of green tea have been studied, its role against bacterial strains related to skin infections and mechanism of action is not well understood. we focussed on exploring anti-microbial activity and the basic mechanism of aqueous green tea leaf extract on selected bacterial strains. staphylococcus epidermidis, micrococcu ... | 2012 | 22868144 |
| phytochemical screening and antimicrobial properties of a common brand of black tea (camellia sinensis) marketed in nigerian environment. | this study is aimed at determining chemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of a common brand of black tea (lipton®) in nigeria. | 2012 | 24312803 |
| the antimicrobial activities of processed nigerian and south african black tea. | the antibacterial activity of processed nigerian lipton tea and south african 5 roses tea, extracted using distilled water, chloroform and 70% ethanol were determined against nine (9) enteropathogenic bacteria which includes; bacillus subtilis, proteus sp, enterobacter sp., klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, salmonella typhi, salmonella paratyphi a, salmonella arizona and staphylococcus aureus. the 2 tea bags, nigerian lipton tea bag and the south african 5 roses tea bag were extracted thr ... | 2010 | 22416657 |
| a comparative evaluation of antibacterial effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite, curcuma longa, and camellia sinensis as irrigating solutions on isolated anaerobic bacteria from infected primary teeth. | in endodontics, most of the commercial intra-canal medicaments have cytotoxic reactions and because of their inability to eliminate bacteria from dentinal tubules, recent medicine has turned its attention to the usage of biologic medication prepared from natural plants. the literature to testify the efficacy of natural alternatives in primary teeth is meagre and its effects as irrigating solutions need to be evaluated. | 2016 | 27080968 |
| antiradical and tea polyphenol-stabilizing ability of functional fermented soymilk-tea beverage. | this study examined the potential of two-step fermentation to preserve tps in functional soy-tea beverage. fermented soymilk-tea (fst) was produced by culturing streptococcus thermophilus, lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and bifidobacterium longum in soymilk supplemented with tea extract (te). total phenolic content (tpc) and anti-radical activities were determined for fsts and fermented soymilk (fs). a hplc method was employed to quantify nine major tea phenolics in fst products. tpc ... | 2014 | 24731340 |
| antimicrobial activity of different tea varieties available in pakistan. | in this antimicrobial study, various extracts of green and black tea (camellia sinensis) and lemon grass (cymbopogon citrates) were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against six bacterial strains including both human pathogenic bacteria (escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeuroginosa, staphylococcus aureus and salmonella typhi) and plant pathogenic bacteria (erwinia carotovora, agro bacterium tumifaciens) and one fungal strain candida albicans by disc diffusion susceptibility method. of human pa ... | 2015 | 26639502 |
| effect of green tea extract and mouthwash without alcohol on candida albicans biofilm on acrylic resin. | to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of green tea and the oral antiseptic without alcohol, on candida albicans biofilm formation to heat-curing acrylic resin plates. | 2015 | 24846131 |
| distribution of tannin-'tolerant yeasts isolated from miang, a traditional fermented tea leaf (camellia sinensis var. assamica) in northern thailand. | miang is a fermented food product prepared from the tea leaves of camellia sinensis var. assamica, and is traditionally produced in mountainous areas of northern thailand. although miang has a long history and reveals deep-rooted cultural involvement with local people in northern thailand, little is known regarding its microbial diversity. yeasts were isolated from 47 miang samples collected from 28 sampling sites, including eight provinces in upper northern thailand. a hundred and seven yeast i ... | 2016 | 27614423 |
| decreased biosynthesis of jasmonic acid via lipoxygenase pathway compromised caffeine-induced resistance to colletotrichum gloeosporioides under elevated co2 in tea seedlings. | caffeine, the major purine alkaloid in tea has long been known for its role in plant defense. however, its effect on colletotrichum gloeosporioides that causes brown blight disease in tea is largely unknown especially under elevated co2. here we show that elevated co2 reduced endogenous caffeine content in tea leaves, but sharply increased susceptibility of tea to c. gloeosporioides. the expression of c. gloeosporioides actin gene was gradually increased during the postinoculation period. in con ... | 2016 | 27392179 |
| in vitro evaluation of antagonism of endophytic colletotrichum gloeosporioides against potent fungal pathogens of camellia sinensis. | an endophytic fungus isolated from camellia sinensis, assam, northeastern india was identified as colletotrichum gloeosporioides on the basis of morphological characteristics and rdna its analysis. this endophytic fungus was evaluated for growth inhibition against tea pathogens pestalotiopsis theae and colletotrichum camelliae. one isolate of c. gloeosporioides showed strong antagonistic activity against pestalotiopsis theae (64 %) and moderate activity against c. camelliae (37 %). fifty percent ... | 2014 | 24891737 |
| anti-inflammatory effects of a polyphenols-rich extract from tea (camellia sinensis) flowers in acute and chronic mice models. | while beneficial health properties of tea leaves have been extensively studied, less attention is paid to the flowers of tea. in this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of hot water extract of tea (camellia sinensis) flowers were investigated. pharmacological studies found that administration of tea flowers extract (tfe) could effectively inhibit croton oil-induced ear edema and carrageenin-induced paw edema. furthermore, administration of tfe also protected against propionibacterium acnes (p. ... | 2012 | 22900128 |
| compounds derived from epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) as a novel approach to the prevention of viral infections. | pathogenic viral infections pose major health risks to humans and livestock due to viral infection-associated illnesses such as chronic or acute inflammation in crucial organs and systems, malignant and benign lesions. these lead to large number of illnesses and deaths worldwide each year. outbreaks of emerging lethal viruses, such as ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) virus and middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) virus, could lead to epidemics or even pandemics if they ar ... | 2015 | 26490660 |
| evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial potential and gc-ms analysis of camellia sinensis and terminalia arjuna. | traditionally, camellia sinensis and terminalia arjuna are being used widely to cure various diseases like cardiovascular diseases, cancer etc. in the present study, extracts of these plants were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against some human pathogenic bacteria viz. e. coli, p. aeruginosa, s. aureus and fungus c. albicans. in-vitro inhibition of these pathogenic microorganisms produced inhibition zone ranging from 9 to 18 mm. mic values of these plant extracts ranged from 6.25 ... | 2017 | 28352558 |
| functional characterization of a new tea (camellia sinensis) flavonoid glycosyltransferase. | tea (camellia sinensis) is an important commercial crop, in which the high content of flavonoids provides health benefits. a flavonoid glycosyltransferase (csugt73a20), belonging to cluster iiia, was isolated from tea plant. the recombinant csugt73a20 in escherichia coli exhibited a broad substrate tolerance toward multiple flavonoids. among them, kaempferol was the optimal substrate compared to quercetin, myricetin, naringenin, apigenin, and kaempferide. however, no product was detected when ud ... | 2017 | 28220704 |
| natural product htp screening for antibacterial (e.coli 0157:h7) and anti-inflammatory agents in (lps from e. coli o111:b4) activated macrophages and microglial cells; focus on sepsis. | acute systemic inflammatory response syndrome arising from infection can lead to multiple organ failure and death, with greater susceptibility occurring in immunocompromised individuals. moreover, sub-acute chronic inflammation is a contributor to the pathology of diverse degenerative diseases (parkinson's disease, alzheimer's disease and arthritis). given the known limitations in western medicine to treat a broad range of inflammatory related illness as well as the emergence of antibiotic resis ... | 2016 | 27846826 |
| arginine kinase in toxocara canis: exon-intron organization, functional analysis of site-directed mutants and evaluation of putative enzyme inhibitors. | to determine exon/intron organization of the toxocara canis (t. canis) ak (tcak) and to test green and black tea and several other chemicals against the activity of recombinant tcak in the guanidino-specific region by site-directed mutants. | 2016 | 27794395 |
| antibacterial activity of polyphenolic fraction of kombucha against enteric bacterial pathogens. | the emergence of multi-drug-resistant enteric pathogens has prompted the scientist community to explore the therapeutic potentials of traditional foods and beverages. the present study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of kombucha, a fermented beverage of sugared black tea, against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, vibrio cholerae, shigella flexneri and salmonella typhimurium followed by the identification of the antibacterial components present in kombucha. the antibacterial activity w ... | 2016 | 27638313 |
| formation of volatile tea constituent indole during the oolong tea manufacturing process. | indole is a characteristic volatile constituent in oolong tea. our previous study indicated that indole was mostly accumulated at the turn over stage of oolong tea manufacturing process. however, formation of indole in tea leaves remains unknown. in this study, one tryptophan synthase α-subunit (tsa) and three tryptophan synthase β-subunits (tsbs) from tea leaves were isolated, cloned, sequenced, and functionally characterized. combination of cstsa and cstsb2 recombinant protein produced in esch ... | 2016 | 27263428 |
| anti-hemolytic, hemagglutination inhibition and bacterial membrane disruptive properties of selected herbal extracts attenuate virulence of carbapenem resistant escherichia coli. | expression of a multitude of virulence factors by multi-drug resistant microbial strains, e.g., carbapenem resistant escherichia coli (family: enterobacteriaceae; class: gammaproteobacteria), is responsible for resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics. hemolysin production and induction of hemagglutination by bacterial surface receptors inflicts direct cytotoxicity by destroying host phagocytic and epithelial cells. we have previously reported that berberis aristata, camellia sinensis, cyperus ... | 2016 | 27057673 |
| assessment of aquo-ethanolic extract of camellia sinensis against carbapenem resistant escherichia coli: in vivo trials in a murine model. | the prevalence of carbapenem resistant escherichia coli (cre) has increased considerably during the last decade, which can be ascribed to relative scarcity of effective non toxic antimicrobial agents. the present study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of aquo-ethanolic (1:1) extract of leaves of camellia sinensis (ptrc-31911-a) against carbapenem resistant escherichia coli at preclinical level using peritonitis infection model in sprague dawley rats. efficacy analysis of ptrc ... | 2016 | 27044838 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of hydroperoxide lyase gene in the leaves of tea plant (camellia sinensis). | hydroperoxide lyase (hpl, e.c. 4.1.2.) is the major enzyme in the biosynthesis of natural volatile aldehydes and alcohols in plants, however, little was known about hpl in tea plants (camellia sinensis). a unique cdna fragment was isolated by suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh) from a tea plant subjected to herbivory by tea geometrid ectropis obliqua. this full length cdna acquired by race was 1476 bp and encoded 491 amino acids. dna and protein blast searches showed high homology to hpl ... | 2016 | 26886573 |
| attenuation of adhesion, quorum sensing and biofilm mediated virulence of carbapenem resistant escherichia coli by selected natural plant products. | the multi-drug resistance offered by carbapenem resistant escherichia coli (family: enterobacteriaceae; class: gammaproteobacteria) against third line antibiotics can be attributed towards its ability to develop biofilm. such process involves adhesion and quorum-sensing induced colonization leading to biomass development. the present study explored the anti-adhesion, anti-quorum sensing and anti-biofilm potential of 05 pre-standardized potent herbals. berberis aristata (ptrc-2111-a) exhibited ma ... | 2016 | 26792674 |
| cyp74b24 is the 13-hydroperoxide lyase involved in biosynthesis of green leaf volatiles in tea (camellia sinensis). | green leaf volatiles (glvs) are c6-aliphatic aldehydes/alcohols/acetates, and biosynthesized from the central precursor fatty acid 13-hydroperoxides by 13-hydroperoxide lyases (hpls) in various plant species. while glvs have been implicated as defense compounds in plants, glvs give characteristic grassy note to a bouquet of aroma in green tea, which is manufactured from young leaves of camellia sinensis. here we identify three hpl-related genes from c. sinensis via rna-sequencing (rna-seq) in si ... | 2016 | 26686283 |
| camellia sinensis ameliorates the efficacy of last line antibiotics against carbapenem resistant escherichia coli. | aquo-ethanolic extract of camellia sinensis (ptrc-31911-a), standardized using fourier transform infrared analysis, was found to have seven common functional groups in comparison with pre-identified marker compound 'quercetin'. phyto-chemical quantitation analysis revealed the presence of 10.65 µg/mg of flavonoids. the bioactivity fingerprint profile of ptrc-31911-a includes ic50 (hydroxyl radical site specific scavenging) = 11.36 ± 0.5 µg/ml, ic80 (hydroxyl radical non-site specific scavenging ... | 2016 | 26620305 |
| effects of green tea on escherichia coli as a uropathogen. | escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infections. the development of antibiotic resistance in e. coli is an important problem. finding alternative antimicrobial agents from plant extracts has received growing interest. camellia sinensis is a safe, nontoxic, cheap beverage that has been reported to have antimicrobial effects against various pathogenic bacteria including e. coli. polyphenolic components of green tea ( lǜ chá) have antibacterial activity. catechins also have sy ... | 2015 | 26151004 |
| improvement of catechin production in escherichia coli through combinatorial metabolic engineering. | reconstruction of highly efficient biosynthesis pathways is essential for the production of valuable plant secondary metabolites in recombinant microorganisms. in order to improve the titer of green tea catechins in escherichia coli, combinatorial strategies were employed using the epathbrick vectors to express the committed catechin pathway: flavanone 3β-hydroxylase (f3h), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (dfr), and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar). three f3h, three dfr, and two lar genes originat ... | 2015 | 25527438 |
| occurrence of glycosidically conjugated 1-phenylethanol and its hydrolase β-primeverosidase in tea (camellia sinensis) flowers. | a previous study found that 1-phenylethanol (1pe) was a major endogenous volatile compound in tea (camellia sinensis) flowers and can be transformed to glycosically conjugated 1pe (1pe-gly). however, occurrences of 1pe-gly in plants remain unknown. in this study, four 1pe-glys have been isolated from tea flowers. three of them were determined as (r)-1pe β-d-glucopyranoside ((r)-1pe-glu), (s)-1pe-glu, and (s)-1pe β-primeveroside ((s)-1pe-pri), respectively, on the basis of nmr, ms, lc-ms, and gc- ... | 2014 | 25065942 |
| a stress-responsive late embryogenesis abundant protein 7 (cslea7) of tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze] encodes for a chaperone that imparts tolerance to escherichia coli against stresses. | the present study characterized cslea7, a group 7 late embryogenesis abundant (lea) gene, from tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze]. the gene had an open reading frame of 462 base pairs encoding 153 amino acids with calculated molecular weight of 16.63 kda and an isoelectric point (pi) of 4.93. analysis revealed cslea7 to be an intrinsically ordered protein consisting of nine β-strands and two α-helices. cslea7 expressed ubiquitously in all the tissues analyzed with highest level of transcript ... | 2014 | 25052187 |
| evaluation of the potential nephroprotective and antimicrobial effect of camellia sinensis leaves versus hibiscus sabdariffa (in vivo and in vitro studies). | green tea and hibiscus are widely consumed as traditional beverages in yemen and some regional countries. they are relatively cheap and the belief is that they improve health state and cure many diseases. the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective and antibacterial activity of these two famous plants in vitro through measuring their antibacterial activity and in vivo through measuring nonenzymatic kidney markers dysfunction after induction of nephrotoxicity by gentamicin. gra ... | 2014 | 24949007 |
| administration of a novel plant extract product via drinking water to post-weaning piglets: effects on performance and gut health. | the present study evaluated the effects of a novel plant extract (pe) product (grazixtm) on the performance and gut health of weaned piglets challenged with escherichia coli. the pe was a standardised mixture of green tea leaves (camellia sinensis) and pomegranate fruit (punica granatum) obtained by using the livextract™ process. a total of 144 piglets were weaned at 24 days and allocated to 8 for a 35-day experiment with a 2×2×2 factorial design comparing different treatments (water without pro ... | 2014 | 24739350 |
| medicinal plant extracts can variously modify biofilm formation in escherichia coli. | low concentrations of black tea and water extracts from medicinal plants arctostaphylos uva-ursi, vaccinium vitis-idaea, tilia cordata, betula pendula and zea mays stimulated biofilm formation in escherichia coli bw25113 up to three times. similar effect was observed for tannic acid and low concentrations of quercetin. in contrast, the extract from urtica dioica reduced biofilm production. pretreatment with plant extracts variously modified antibiotic effects on specific biofilm formation (sbf). ... | 2014 | 24500005 |
| medicinal plant extracts variously modulate susceptibility of escherichia coli to different antibiotics. | antioxidant activity of green and black tea and extracts of medicinal plants and their ability to modulate antibiotic susceptibility in escherichia coli were studied. among a number of extracts tested the maximal capacity to scavenge dpph radicals and chelate iron in chemical tests was found in green and black tea, arctostaphylos uva-ursi and vaccinium vitis-idaea. these extracts contained high level of polyphenols and in aerobic conditions exhibited prooxidant features, producing h2o2 and induc ... | 2014 | 23916388 |
| green tea as an effective antimicrobial for urinary tract infections caused by escherichia coli. | urinary tract infections (utis) are a very most common type of infection worldwide, and result in billions of dollars in medical care costs. escherichia coli is the infective agent for 80-90% of all utis. green tea, derived from leaves of the camellia sinensis plant has been shown to have various potential health benefits (e.g., cardiovascular disease and cancer). the major beneficial components of green tea have been characterized, and are now known to be polyphenolic catechins. the main catech ... | 2013 | 23785367 |
| functional characterization of proanthocyanidin pathway enzymes from tea and their application for metabolic engineering. | tea (camellia sinensis) is rich in specialized metabolites, especially polyphenolic proanthocyanidins (pas) and their precursors. to better understand the pa pathway in tea, we generated a complementary dna library from leaf tissue of the blister blight-resistant tea cultivar tri2043 and functionally characterized key enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of pa precursors. structural genes encoding enzymes involved in the general phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathway and the pa-specific branch pa ... | 2013 | 23288883 |
| molecular cloning, functional analysis of three cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (cad) genes in the leaves of tea plant, camellia sinensis. | cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (cad; ec 1.1.1.195) is considered to be a key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis, but little was known about cads in tea plants (camellia sinensis). a full-length cdna sequence (cscad2) was isolated by suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh) in ectropis oblique feeding-induced tea plants, and another two full-length cdna sequences (cscad1 and cscad3) were obtained from a transcriptome obtained by deep sequencing. however, they showed only 20-54% identities. phylogen ... | 2013 | 23228629 |
| engineering the production of major catechins by escherichia coli carrying metabolite genes of camellia sinensis. | a mimicked biosynthetic pathway of catechin metabolite genes from c. sinensis, consisting of flavanone 3 hydroxylase (f3h), dihydroflavonol reductase (dfr), and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lcr), was designed and arranged in two sets of constructs: (a) single promoter in front of f3h and ribosome-binding sequences both in front of dfr and lcr; (b) three different promoters with each in the front of the three genes and ribosome-binding sequences at appropriate positions. recombinant e. coli bl ( ... | 2012 | 22645428 |
| l-theanine extends lifespan of adult caenorhabditis elegans. | compounds that delay aging in model organisms may be of significant interest to anti-aging medicine, since these substances potentially provide pharmaceutical approaches to promote healthy lifespan in humans. we here aimed to test whether pharmaceutical concentrations of l-theanine, a putative anti-cancer, anti-obesity, blood pressure-lowering, and neuroprotective compound contained in green tea (camellia sinensis), are capable of extending lifespan in a nematodal model organism for aging proces ... | 2012 | 22422488 |
| a modified ms2 bacteriophage plaque reduction assay for the rapid screening of antiviral plant extracts. | traditional methods of screening plant extracts and purified components for antiviral activity require up to a week to perform, prompting the need to develop more rapid quantitative methods to measure the ability of plant based preparations to block viral replication. we describe an adaption of an ms2 plaque reduction assay for use in s. aureus. | 2010 | 21808571 |
| tertiary combination of freeze-dried urine of indian breeds of cow with plant products against snail lymnaea acuminata. | snail lymnaea acuminata is the intermediate host of liver fluke fasciola gigantica, which cause endemic fasciolosis among cattle population of eastern uttar pradesh. control of snail population by molluscicides is one of the effective methods to control fasciolosis. in the present study molluscicidal activity of tertiary combination of freeze-dried urine of different indian breeds of cow sahiwal, geer and tharparkar with annona squamosa seed powder, ferula asafoetida root latex, azadirachta indi ... | 2012 | 24199478 |