| aerobic cyanide degradation by bacterial isolates from cassava factory wastewater. | ten bacterial strains that utilize cyanide (cn) as a nitrogen source were isolated from cassava factory wastewater after enrichment in a liquid media containing sodium cyanide (1 mm) and glucose (0.2% w/v). the strains could tolerate and grow in cyanide concentrations of up to 5 mm. increased cyanide levels in the media caused an extension of lag phase in the bacterial growth indicating that they need some period of acclimatisation. the rate of cyanide removal by the strains depends on the initi ... | 2015 | 26413045 |
| assessment of bacterial bph gene in amazonian dark earth and their adjacent soils. | amazonian anthrosols are known to harbour distinct and highly diverse microbial communities. as most of the current assessments of these communities are based on taxonomic profiles, the functional gene structure of these communities, such as those responsible for key steps in the carbon cycle, mostly remain elusive. to gain insights into the diversity of catabolic genes involved in the degradation of hydrocarbons in anthropogenic horizons, we analysed the bacterial bph gene community structure, ... | 2014 | 24927167 |
| high-throughput genomic sequencing of cassava bacterial blight strains identifies conserved effectors to target for durable resistance. | cassava bacterial blight (cbb), incited by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam), is the most important bacterial disease of cassava, a staple food source for millions of people in developing countries. here we present a widely applicable strategy for elucidating the virulence components of a pathogen population. we report illumina-based draft genomes for 65 xam strains and deduce the phylogenetic relatedness of xam across the areas where cassava is grown. using an extensive database of eff ... | 2012 | 22699502 |
| transcriptional analysis of south african cassava mosaic virus-infected susceptible and tolerant landraces of cassava highlights differences in resistance, basal defense and cell wall associated genes during infection. | cassava mosaic disease is caused by several distinct geminivirus species, including south african cassava mosaic virus-[south africa:99] (sacmv). to date, there is limited gene regulation information on viral stress responses in cassava, and global transcriptome profiling in sacmv-infected cassava represents an important step towards understanding natural host responses to plant geminiviruses. | 2014 | 25412561 |
| construction and comparison of gene co-expression networks shows complex plant immune responses. | gene co-expression networks (gcns) are graphic representations that depict the coordinated transcription of genes in response to certain stimuli. gcns provide functional annotations of genes whose function is unknown and are further used in studies of translational functional genomics among species. in this work, a methodology for the reconstruction and comparison of gcns is presented. this approach was applied using gene expression data that were obtained from immunity experiments in arabidopsi ... | 2014 | 25320678 |
| population typing of the causal agent of cassava bacterial blight in the eastern plains of colombia using two types of molecular markers. | molecular typing of pathogen populations is an important tool for the development of effective strategies for disease control. diverse molecular markers have been used to characterize populations of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam), the main bacterial pathogen of cassava. recently, diversity and population dynamics of xam in the colombian caribbean coast were estimated using aflps, where populations were found to be dynamic, diverse and with haplotypes unstable across time. aiming to e ... | 2014 | 24946775 |
| gene genealogies and population variation in plants. | early in the development of plant evolutionary biology, genetic drift, fluctuations in population size, and isolation were identified as critical processes that affect the course of evolution in plant species. attempts to assess these processes in natural populations became possible only with the development of neutral genetic markers in the 1960s. more recently, the application of historically ordered neutral molecular variation (within the conceptual framework of coalescent theory) has allowed ... | 2000 | 10860966 |
| bioinformatic identification of cassava mirnas differentially expressed in response to infection by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis. | micrornas (mirnas) are short rna molecules that control gene expression by silencing complementary mrna. they play a crucial role in stress response in plants, including biotic stress. some mirnas are known to respond to bacterial infection in arabidopsis thaliana but it is currently unknown whether these responses are conserved in other plants and whether novel species-specific mirnas could have a role in defense. | 2012 | 22361011 |
| identification of immunity-related genes in arabidopsis and cassava using genomic data. | recent advances in genomic and post-genomic technologies have provided the opportunity to generate a previously unimaginable amount of information. however, biological knowledge is still needed to improve the understanding of complex mechanisms such as plant immune responses. better knowledge of this process could improve crop production and management. here, we used holistic analysis to combine our own microarray and rna-seq data with public genomic data from arabidopsis and cassava in order to ... | 2013 | 24316329 |
| genomic survey of pathogenicity determinants and vntr markers in the cassava bacterial pathogen xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis strain cio151. | xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam) is the causal agent of bacterial blight of cassava, which is among the main components of human diet in africa and south america. current information about the molecular pathogenicity factors involved in the infection process of this organism is limited. previous studies in other bacteria in this genus suggest that advanced draft genome sequences are valuable resources for molecular studies on their interaction with plants and could provide valuable too ... | 2013 | 24278159 |
| identification of ta-sirnas and cis-nat-sirnas in cassava and their roles in response to cassava bacterial blight. | trans-acting small interfering rnas (ta-sirnas) and natural cis-antisense sirnas (cis-nat-sirnas) are recently discovered small rnas (srnas) involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing. ta-sirnas are transcribed from genomic loci and require processing by micrornas (mirnas). cis-nat-sirnas are derived from antisense rnas produced by the simultaneous transcription of overlapping antisense genes. their roles in many plant processes, including pathogen response, are mostly unknown. in this work ... | 2013 | 23665476 |
| identification and distribution of the nbs-lrr gene family in the cassava genome. | plant resistance genes (r genes) exist in large families and usually contain both a nucleotide-binding site domain and a leucine-rich repeat domain, denoted nbs-lrr. the genome sequence of cassava (manihot esculenta) is a valuable resource for analysing the genomic organization of resistance genes in this crop. | 2015 | 25948536 |
| quantitative, image-based phenotyping methods provide insight into spatial and temporal dimensions of plant disease. | plant disease symptoms exhibit complex spatial and temporal patterns that are challenging to quantify. image-based phenotyping approaches enable multidimensional characterization of host-microbe interactions and are well suited to capture spatial and temporal data that are key to understanding disease progression. we applied image-based methods to investigate cassava bacterial blight, which is caused by the pathogen xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam). we generated xam strains in which in ... | 2016 | 27443602 |
| the potential of using biotechnology to improve cassava: a review. | the importance of cassava as the fourth largest source of calories in the world requires that contributions of biotechnology to improving this crop, advances and current challenges, be periodically reviewed. plant biotechnology offers a wide range of opportunities that can help cassava become a better crop for a constantly changing world. we therefore review the state of knowledge on the current use of biotechnology applied to cassava cultivars and its implications for breeding the crop into the ... | 2016 | 27818605 |
| metabolic engineering of valine- and isoleucine-derived glucosinolates in arabidopsis expressing cyp79d2 from cassava. | glucosinolates are amino acid-derived natural products that, upon hydrolysis, typically release isothiocyanates with a wide range of biological activities. glucosinolates play a role in plant defense as attractants and deterrents against herbivores and pathogens. a key step in glucosinolate biosynthesis is the conversion of amino acids to the corresponding aldoximes, which is catalyzed by cytochromes p450 belonging to the cyp79 family. expression of cyp79d2 from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz ... | 2003 | 12586901 |
| rnai dependent epigenetic marks on a geminivirus promoter. | nicotiana benthamiana plants were stably transformed with an intron-spliced dsrna producing construct cognate to bidirectional promoter of african cassava mosaic geminivirus (acmv) dna a. transgenic lines expressed multiple sirnas species upon acmv infection. the de novo dna methylation and an increased proportion of histone h3 lysine-9 methylation (h3k9) at intergenic region (igr) of acmv dna a were observed. | 2006 | 16445863 |
| molecular characterization of geminivirus-derived small rnas in different plant species. | dna geminiviruses are thought to be targets of rna silencing. here, we characterize small interfering (si) rnas-the hallmarks of silencing-associated with cabbage leaf curl begomovirus in arabidopsis and african cassava mosaic begomovirus in nicotiana benthamiana and cassava. we detected 21, 22 and 24 nt sirnas of both polarities, derived from both the coding and the intergenic regions of these geminiviruses. genetic evidence showed that all the 24 nt and a substantial fraction of the 22 nt vira ... | 2006 | 16421273 |
| cassava brown streak virus (potyviridae) encodes a putative maf/ham1 pyrophosphatase implicated in reduction of mutations and a p1 proteinase that suppresses rna silencing but contains no hc-pro. | the complete positive-sense single-stranded rna genome of cassava brown streak virus (cbsv; genus ipomovirus; potyviridae) was found to consist of 9,069 nucleotides and predicted to produce a polyprotein of 2,902 amino acids. it was lacking helper-component proteinase but contained a single p1 serine proteinase that strongly suppressed rna silencing. besides the exceptional structure of the 5'-proximal part of the genome, cbsv also contained a maf/ham1-like sequence (678 nucleotides, 226 amino a ... | 2009 | 19386713 |
| the in vitro mass-produced model mycorrhizal fungus, rhizophagus irregularis, significantly increases yields of the globally important food security crop cassava. | the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is formed between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) and plant roots. the fungi provide the plant with inorganic phosphate (p). the symbiosis can result in increased plant growth. although most global food crops naturally form this symbiosis, very few studies have shown that their practical application can lead to large-scale increases in food production. application of amf to crops in the tropics is potentially effective for improving yields. however, a main ... | 2013 | 23950975 |
| sequencing analysis of 20,000 full-length cdna clones from cassava reveals lineage specific expansions in gene families related to stress response. | cassava, an allotetraploid known for its remarkable tolerance to abiotic stresses is an important source of energy for humans and animals and a raw material for many industrial processes. a full-length cdna library of cassava plants under normal, heat, drought, aluminum and post harvest physiological deterioration conditions was built; 19968 clones were sequence-characterized using expressed sequence tags (ests). | 2007 | 18096061 |
| integrative biological hydrogen production: an overview. | biological hydrogen (h2) production by dark and photo-fermentative organisms is a promising area of research for generating bioenergy. a large number of organisms have been widely studied for producing h2 from diverse feeds, both as pure and as mixed cultures. however, their h2 producing efficiencies have been found to vary (from 3 to 8 mol/mol hexose) with physiological conditions, type of organisms and composition of feed (starchy waste from sweet potato, wheat, cassava and algal biomass). the ... | 2012 | 24426072 |
| identification of the bacterial community responsible for traditional fermentation during sour cassava starch, cachaça and minas cheese production using culture-independent 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. | we used a cultivation-independent, clone library-based 16s rrna gene sequence analysis to identify bacterial communities present during traditional fermentation in sour cassava starch, cachaça and cheese production in brazil. partial 16s rrna gene clone sequences from sour cassava starch samples collected on day five of the fermentation process indicated that leuconostoc citreum was the most prevalent species, representing 47.6% of the clones. after 27 days of fermentation, clones (genbank acces ... | 2011 | 24031676 |
| efficient 2,3-butanediol production from cassava powder by a crop-biomass-utilizer, enterobacter cloacae subsp. dissolvens sdm. | 2,3-butanediol (bd) is considered as one of the key platform chemicals used in a variety of industrial applications. it is crucial to find an efficient sugar-utilizing strain and feasible carbon source for the economical production of bd. | 2012 | 22792324 |
| antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of ten cameroonian vegetables against gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria. | many edible plants are used in cameroon since ancient time to control microbial infections. this study was designed at evaluating the antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of ten cameroonian vegetables against a panel of twenty nine gram negative bacteria including multi-drug resistant (mdr) strains. | 2013 | 23368430 |
| diversity and localization of bacterial endosymbionts from whitefly species collected in brazil. | whiteflies (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) are sap-sucking insect pests, and some cause serious damage in agricultural crops by direct feeding and by transmitting plant viruses. whiteflies maintain close associations with bacterial endosymbionts that can significantly influence their biology. all whitefly species harbor a primary endosymbiont, and a diverse array of secondary endosymbionts. in this study, we surveyed 34 whitefly populations collected from the states of sao paulo, bahia, minas gerais an ... | 2014 | 25259930 |
| microbiological safety assessment of fermented cassava flour "lafun" available in ogun and oyo states of nigeria. | the microorganisms involved in the fermentation and spoilage of fermented cassava flour were investigated. the water samples used at the different processing sites were also investigated to determine their safety status. there was predominance of staphylococcus aureus, aspergillus spp., and escherichia coli in all samples. coliforms were observed to be present in all of the processing water. in the fermented cassava flour, the total bacterial count ranged between 4.9 × 10(6) cfu/ml from eleso, b ... | 2013 | 26904609 |
| form follows function in geminiviral minichromosome architecture. | a comprehensive survey on the viral minichromosomes of the begomoviruses abutilon mosaic virus, tomato yellow leaf curl sardinia virus, african cassava mosaic virus, indian cassava mosaic virus (family geminiviridae) during the course of infections in nicotiana benthamiana is summarized. using optimized one-dimensional and two-dimensional gel systems combined with blot hybridization and a standardized evaluation, discrete and heterogeneous virus-specific signals with different dna forms were com ... | 2015 | 25445344 |
| evolutionary liberties of the abutilon mosaic virus cluster. | two new strains of abutilon mosaic virus (abmv; geminiviridae) from germany (stuttgart) and france (paris) have been characterized by circomics, direct pyrosequencing of rolling circle amplification (rca) products, as well as conventional cloning and sanger sequencing. rca combined with an analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms confirmed the completeness of the sequence determination and a close relationship of both isolates for dna a with 99 % nucleotide sequence identity. phylog ... | 2015 | 25315632 |
| application of edible coating with starch and carvacrol in minimally processed pumpkin. | the present study evaluated the effect of an edible coating of cassava starch and carvacrol in minimally processed pumpkin (mpp). the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of carvacrol against escherichia coli, salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium, aeromonas hydrophila, and staphylococcus aureus was determined. the edible coating that contained carvacrol at the mic and 2 × mic was applied to mpp, and effects were evaluated with regard to the survival of experimentally inoculated bacteria an ... | 2016 | 27413224 |
| low cost medium for spore production of bacillus kku02 and kku03 and the effects of the produced spores on growth of giant freshwater prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii de man). | in order to extend the shelf life of 2 high potential bacillus probiotic isolates which were bacillus kku02 and bacillus kku03, the spore forms of these 2 bacillus isolates were studied for using as probiotic instead. the low cost medium for spore production of these 2 bacillus isolates was examined in order to produce probiotic spores for feeding the shrimps. it was found that cassava at 100 g l(-1) and supplemented with 20.0 g l(-1) dextrose, 0.1 g l(-1) mgso4 and 2.0 g l(-1) (nh4)2so4 showed ... | 2014 | 26031020 |
| desmodium mottle virus, the first legumovirus (genus begomovirus) from east africa. | a novel bipartite legumovirus (genus begomovirus, family geminiviridae), that naturally infects the wild leguminous plant desmodium sp. in uganda, was molecularly characterized and named desmodium mottle virus. the highest nucleotide identities for dna-a, obtained from two field-collected samples, were 79.9% and 80.1% with the legumovirus, soybean mild mottle virus. dna-b had the highest nucleotide identities (65.4% and 66.4%) with a typical non-legumovirus old world begomovirus, african cassava ... | 2017 | 28243802 |
| translation, modification and cellular distribution of two ac4 variants of african cassava mosaic virus in yeast and their pathogenic potential in plants. | plant infecting geminiviruses encode a small (a)c4 protein within the open reading frame of the replication-initiator protein. in african cassava mosaic virus, two in-frame start codons may be used for the translation of a longer and a shorter ac4 variant. both were fused to green fluorescent protein or glutathione-s-transferase genes and expressed in fission yeast. the longer variant accumulated in discrete spots in the cytoplasm, whereas the shorter variant localized to the plasma membrane. a ... | 2016 | 27584591 |
| deciphering the biology of deltasatellites from the new world: maintenance by new world begomoviruses and whitefly transmission. | deltasatellites are small noncoding dna satellites associated with begomoviruses. the study presented here has investigated the biology of two deltasatellites found in wild malvaceous plants in the new world (nw). infectious clones of two nw deltasatellites (from malvastrum coromandelianum and sidastrum micranthum) and associated begomoviruses were constructed. infectivity in nicotiana benthamiana and their natural malvaceous hosts was assessed. the nw deltasatellites were not able to spread aut ... | 2016 | 27400152 |
| properties of african cassava mosaic virus capsid protein expressed in fission yeast. | the capsid proteins (cps) of geminiviruses combine multiple functions for packaging the single-stranded viral genome, insect transmission and shuttling between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) cp was expressed in fission yeast, and purified by sds gel electrophoresis. after tryptic digestion of this protein, mass spectrometry covered 85% of the amino acid sequence and detected three n-terminal phosphorylation sites (threonine 12, serines 25 and 62). differential ... | 2016 | 27399762 |
| two novel dnas that enhance symptoms and overcome cmd2 resistance to cassava mosaic disease. | cassava mosaic begomoviruses (cmbs) cause cassava mosaic disease (cmd) across africa and the indian subcontinent. like all members of the geminivirus family, cmbs have small, circular single-stranded dna genomes. we report here the discovery of two novel dna sequences, designated segs-1 and segs-2 (forsequencesenhancinggeminivirussymptoms), that enhance symptoms and break resistance to cmd. the segs are characterized by gc-rich regions and the absence of long open reading frames. both segs enhan ... | 2016 | 26865712 |
| mapping and identification of cassava mosaic geminivirus dna-a and dna-b genome sequences for efficient sirna expression and rnai based virus resistance by transient agro-infiltration studies. | geminiviruses are among the most serious pathogens of many economically important crop plants and rna interference (rnai) is an important strategy for their control. although any fragment of a viral genome can be used to generate a double stranded (ds) rna trigger, the precursor for generation of sirnas, the exact sequence and size requirements for efficient gene silencing and virus resistance have so far not been investigated. previous efforts to control geminiviruses by gene silencing mostly t ... | 2016 | 26581664 |
| the rxl motif of the african cassava mosaic virus rep protein is necessary for rereplication of yeast dna and viral infection in plants. | geminiviruses, single-stranded dna plant viruses, encode a replication-initiator protein (rep) that is indispensable for virus replication. a potential cyclin interaction motif (rxl) in the sequence of african cassava mosaic virus rep may be an alternative link to cell cycle controls to the known interaction with plant homologs of retinoblastoma protein (prbr). mutation of this motif abrogated rereplication in fission yeast induced by expression of wildtype rep suggesting that rep interacts via ... | 2014 | 24999043 |
| why mosaic? gene expression profiling of african cassava mosaic virus-infected cassava reveals the effect of chlorophyll degradation on symptom development. | cassava mosaic disease, caused by cassava begomoviruses, is the most serious disease for cassava in africa. however, the pathogenesis of this disease is poorly understood. we employed high throughput digital gene expression profiling based on the illumina solexa sequencing technology to investigate the global transcriptional response of cassava to african cassava mosaic virus infection. we found that 3,210 genes were differentially expressed in virus-infected cassava leaves. gene ontology term a ... | 2014 | 24237761 |
| [effects of seven rna silencing suppressors on heterologous expression of green fluorescence protein expression mediated by a plant virus-based system in nicotiana benthamiana]. | to test the effects of 7 virus-encoded rna silencing suppressors (rsss) for enhancement of a plant virus-based vector system-mediated heterologous expression of green fluorescence protein (gfp) in nicotiana benthamiana. | 2012 | 23174571 |
| a single-tube duplex and multiplex pcr for simultaneous detection of four cassava mosaic begomovirus species in cassava plants. | a single-tube duplex and multiplex pcr was developed for the simultaneous detection of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv), east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus (eacmcv), east african cassava mosaic malawi virus (eacmmv) and east african cassava mosaic zanzibar virus (eacmzv), four cassava mosaic begomoviruses (cmbs) affecting cassava in sub-saharan africa. co-occurrence of the cmbs in cassava synergistically enhances disease symptoms and complicates their detection and diagnostics. four p ... | 2013 | 23174160 |
| a melting pot of old world begomoviruses and their satellites infecting a collection of gossypium species in pakistan. | clcud in southern asia is caused by a complex of multiple begomoviruses (whitefly transmitted, single-stranded [ss]dna viruses) in association with a specific ssdna satellite; cotton leaf curl multan betasatellite (clcumub). a further single ssdna molecule, for which the collective name alphasatellites has been proposed, is also frequently associated with begomovirus-betasatellite complexes. multan is in the center of the cotton growing area of pakistan and has seen some of the worst problems ca ... | 2012 | 22899988 |
| evolution of african cassava mosaic virus by recombination between bipartite and monopartite begomoviruses. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) is a major constraint on cassava cultivation in africa. the disease is endemic and is caused by seven distinct cassava mosaic geminiviruses (cmgs), some of them including several variants. | 2012 | 22416906 |
| cassava latent virus infections mediated by the ti plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens containing either monomeric or dimeric viral dna. | plant infections with cassava latent virus (clv) were mediated by the ti plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens containing either monomeric or dimeric copies of the virus genome. the clv dnas caused typical symptoms when they were inoculated in agrobacterium strains c58, lba4404 and a vire mutant a1026, but not other agrobacterium strains with mutations in other vir loci or an e. coli pola strain. virus-specific dna forms characteristic of normal clv infections were found after such infection. cha ... | 1988 | 24272630 |
| computer analysis identifies sequence homologies between potential gene products of maize streak virus and those of cassava latent virus and tomato golden mosaic virus. | the amino acid sequences of the putative polypeptides of maize streak virus (msv) have been systematically compared with those of cassava latent virus (clv) and tomato golden mosaic virus (tgmv) using the programme diagon (8).conserved sequences have been detected between peptides encoded by the complementary (-) sense of msv and those of clv and tgmv, viz; the 40 200 mr polypeptide of clv-1 (3) and the 40 285 mr polypeptide of tgmv-a (4) show extensive homologies with the 17 768 mr and 31 388 m ... | 1985 | 24306572 |
| the agrobacterium tumefaciens ti plasmid virulence gene vire2 reduces sri lankan cassava mosaic virus infection in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana plants. | cassava mosaic disease is a major constraint to cassava cultivation worldwide. in india, the disease is caused by indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv) and sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv). the agrobacterium ti plasmid virulence gene vire2, encoding a nuclear-localized, single-stranded dna binding protein, was introduced into nicotiana benthamiana to develop tolerance against slcmv. leaf discs of transgenic n. benthamiana plants, harboring the vire2 gene, complemented a vire2 mutation in a. ... | 2015 | 26008704 |
| sri lankan cassava mosaic virus replication associated protein (rep) triggers transposition of is426 in agrobacterium. | we report a high rate of is426 transposition in agrobacterium tumefaciens in the presence of the sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv) replication associated protein gene (rep). upon conjugal transfer of the binary plasmid pcam-slcmv-rep with the slcmv rep gene in the sense orientation under the transcriptional control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter into the a. tumefaciens vir helper strain eha105, the binary plasmid size increased in all 15 transconjugants studied. southe ... | 2014 | 25135797 |
| unlocking the potential of tropical root crop biotechnology in east africa by establishing a genetic transformation platform for local farmer-preferred cassava cultivars. | cassava genetic transformation capacity is still mostly restricted to advanced laboratories in the usa, europe and china; and its implementation and maintenance in african laboratories has remained scarce. the impact of transgenic technologies for genetic improvement of cassava will depend largely on the transfer of such capabilities to researchers in africa, where cassava has an important socioeconomic niche. a major constraint to the development of genetic transformation technologies for cassa ... | 2013 | 24400011 |
| production and characterization of glucoamylase from fungus aspergillus awamori expressed in yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae using different carbon sources. | glucoamylase is widely used in the food industry to produce high glucose syrup, and also in fermentation processes for production beer and ethanol. in this work the productivity of the glucoamylase of aspergillus awamori expressed by the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, produced in submerged fermentation using different starches, was evaluated and characterized physico-chemically. the enzyme presented high specific activity, 13.8 u/mgprotein or 2.9 u/mgbiomass, after 48 h of fermentation using so ... | 2008 | 24031189 |
| functional properties of filamentous fungi isolated from the indonesian fermented dried cassava, with particular application on poultry. | the study aimed to evaluate the probiotic properties, antioxidant activity and fermentative capacity of acremonium charticola and rhizopus oryzae isolated from the indonesian fermented dried cassava, with particular application on poultry. a. charticola inhibited the growth of escherichia coli and aspergillus flavus. a. charticola and r. oryzae grew in potato dextrose agar (pda) adjusted to ph 3 and 8 or in pda supplemented with bile salt up to 0.8%. after soaking for 8 hr, the survival rate of ... | 2015 | 26839501 |
| analysis of the contrast between natural occurrence of toxigenic aspergilli of the flavi section and aflatoxin b1 in cassava. | aflatoxin b1 (afb1) is a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced by aspergilli of the section flavi that may contaminate food, in the field or during storage. cassava represents an important staple food in sub-saharan africa. the analysis of aflatoxigenic fungi in 36 cassava samples obtained from producers in benin indicated that 40% were contaminated by aspergilli of the section flavi. upon morphological and molecular characterization of the 20 isolates, 16 belonged to aspergillus flavus, 2 to aspergil ... | 2014 | 24290638 |
| saccharification and liquefaction of cassava starch: an alternative source for the production of bioethanol using amylolytic enzymes by double fermentation process. | cassava starch is considered as a potential source for the commercial production of bioethanol because of its availability and low market price. it can be used as a basic source to support large-scale biological production of bioethanol using microbial amylases. with the progression and advancement in enzymology, starch liquefying and saccharifying enzymes are preferred for the conversion of complex starch polymer into various valuable metabolites. these hydrolytic enzymes can selectively cleave ... | 2014 | 24885587 |
| agricultural residues for cellulolytic enzyme production by aspergillus niger: effects of pretreatment. | different agricultural residues were considered in this study for their ability to support cellulolytic enzyme production by aspergillus niger. a total of eleven agricultural residues including finger millet hulls, sorghum hulls, soybean hulls, groundnut husk, banana peels, corn stalk, cassava peels, sugarcane bagasse, saw dust, rice straw and sheanut cake were subjected to three pretreatment (acid, alkali and oxidative) methods. all the residues supported the growth and production of cellulases ... | 2015 | 28324400 |
| a study of aspergillus niger- hydrolyzed cassava peel meal as a carbohydrate source on the histology of broiler chickens. | the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of hydrolysed cassava peel inclusion as a replacement for maize in broiler chicken feedstuff on the histology of the internal organs of broiler chickens. thirty six, two weeks old unsexed broiler chickens were used for the study in a feeding trial of forty two days. the chickens were randomly allocated to six dietary treatments a - f using a completely randomized design. each treatment group contained two replicates of three broiler chickens ... | 2014 | 24555165 |
| genome shuffling of aspergillus niger for improving transglycosylation activity. | isomaltooligosaccharides (imo), the glucosylsaccharides used as food additives, are made from saccharified starch by enzymes or microbial cells with transglycosylation activity. this study aimed to generate shuffled futants of aspergillus niger with enhanced transglycosylation activity for industrial imo production. the starting mutant population was generated by (60)co-γ radiation; mutants with higher transglycosylation activity were selected and subjected to recursive protoplast fusion. the re ... | 2014 | 24043449 |
| a high-throughput method for screening of aspergillus niger mutants with high transglycosylation activity by detecting non-fermentable reducing sugar. | a novel high-throughput method was established for rapid screening of large numbers of aspergillus niger mutants with high transglucosylation activity by exploiting that yeast can hardly hydrolyze isomaltooligosaccharides (imo). supernatants of a. niger fermentation were incubated with saccharomyces cerevisiae to remove glucose and maltose, and the remaining non-reducing sugars, which is positively correlated with the amount of imo, the products of transglucosylation reaction, were used as indic ... | 2011 | 25187152 |
| raw starch degrading amylase production by various fungal cultures grown on cassava waste. | the solid waste of sago industry using cassava was fermented by aspergillus niger, aspergillus terreus and rhizopus stolonifer in solid state fermentation. cassava waste contained 52 per cent starch and 2.9 per cent protein by dry weight. the amylase activity was maintained at a high level and the highest amylase activity was observed on the 8(th) day in r. stolonifer mediated fermentation. r. stolonifer was more efficient than aspergillus niger and aspergillus terreus in bioconverting cassava w ... | 2006 | 24039485 |
| direct fermentation of raw starch using a kluyveromyces marxianus strain that expresses glucoamylase and alpha-amylase to produce ethanol. | raw starch and raw cassava tuber powder were directly and efficiently fermented at elevated temperatures to produce ethanol using the thermotolerant yeast kluyveromyces marxianus that expresses α-amylase from aspergillus oryzae as well as α-amylase and glucoamylase from debaryomyces occidentalis. among the constructed k. marxianus strains, yrl 009 had the highest efficiency in direct starch fermentation. raw starch from corn, potato, cassava, or wheat can be fermented at temperatures higher than ... | 2014 | 24478139 |
| bioconversion of industrial solid waste--cassava bagasse for pullulan production in solid state fermentation. | the purpose of the work was to produce commercially important pullulan using industrial solid waste namely cassava bagasse in solid state fermentation and minimize the solid waste disposal problem. first, influence of initial ph on cell morphology and pullulan yield was studied. effect of various factors like fermentation time, moisture ratio, nitrogen sources and particle size on pullulan yield was investigated. various supplementary carbon sources (3%, w/w) namely glucose, sucrose, fructose, m ... | 2014 | 24274475 |
| growth and cyanide degradation of azotobacter vinelandii in cyanide-containing wastewater system. | azotobacter vinelandii, a strict aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacterium, has been extensively studied with regard to the ability of n2-fixation due to its high expression of nitrogenase and fast growth. because nitrogenase can also reduce cyanide to ammonia and methane, cyanide degradation by a. vinelandii has been studied for the application in the bioremediation of cyanide-contaminated wastewater. cyanide degradation by a. vinelandii in nfs (nitrogen-free sucrose) medium was examined in terms of ce ... | 2013 | 23568214 |
| xylanase production from bacillus aerophilus kgj2 and its application in xylooligosaccharides preparation. | xylanolytic enzyme was produced using a newly isolated bacillus aerophilus kgj2 and low cost lignocellulosic sources in solid state fermentation. seven different agricultural residues (wheat bran, tea dust, saw dust, paper waste, cassava bagasse, rice straw and rice husk) and six nitrogen source namely yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate, and ammonium chloride were examined for xylanase production. upon initial screening, wheat bran and ammonium chloride wer ... | 2014 | 24296408 |
| bacillus spp. isolated from puba as a source of biosurfactants and antimicrobial lipopeptides. | several products of industrial interest are produced by bacillus, including enzymes, antibiotics, amino acids, insecticides, biosurfactants and bacteriocins. this study aimed to investigate the potential of two bacterial isolates (p5 and c3) from puba, a regional fermentation product from cassava, to produce multiple substances with antimicrobial and surface active properties. phylogenetic analyses showed close relation of isolates p5 and c3 with bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus thuringie ... | 2017 | 28197131 |
| microbiological and chemical characteristics of tarubá, an indigenous beverage produced from solid cassava fermentation. | the aim of this work was to identify and characterize the microbiota present during fermentation and in the final beverage, tarubá, by culture-dependent and -independent methods. in addition, target chemical compounds (carbohydrates, organic acids, and ethanol) were evaluated. lactic acid bacteria (lab) and mesophilic bacteria were the predominant microorganisms. among them, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus brevis, leuconostoc mesenteroides, and bacillus subtilis were frequently isolated a ... | 2015 | 25846929 |
| raw starch-degrading α-amylase from bacillus aquimaris mksc 6.2: isolation and expression of the gene, bioinformatics and biochemical characterization of the recombinant enzyme. | the aims were to isolate a raw starch-degrading α-amylase gene baqa from bacillus aquimaris mksc 6.2, and to characterize the gene product through in silico study and its expression in escherichia coli. | 2013 | 23020612 |
| screening for bacillus subtilis group isolates that degrade cyanogens at ph 4.5-5.0. | cyanogenic food crops abound in nature with important crops like cassava forming the staple food for over half a billion people. detoxification by hydrolysis of cassava cyanogenic glycosides often involves acid fermentation, and in some of these processes bacillus species are encountered. forty bacillus spp. (20 bacillus subtilis, 11 bacillus licheniformis, 7 bacillus sonorensis, 2 bacillus cereus) isolated from acid fermented primary starters to produce gergoush, a sudanese fermented snack, wer ... | 2013 | 23261810 |
| postprocessing microflora of commercial attieke (a fermented cassava product) produced in the south of côte d'ivoire. | the distribution and presence of hygiene indicator and pathogenic micro-organisms in 375 samples of attieke marketed in côte d'ivoire, and their roles in the food poisoning were evaluated. microbiological analyses were carried out, which included the total viable bacteria, coliforms, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella, bacillus spores, fungi and clostridium perfringens. the results revealed that the viable bacteria counts ranged from 2·2 ± 1·2 × 10(5) to 3·4 ± 1·4 × 10(6) cfu g( ... | 2013 | 23078634 |
| microbiological and physicochemical characterisation of caxiri, an alcoholic beverage produced by the indigenous juruna people of brazil. | caxiri is a traditional fermented alcoholic beverage produced from cassava and sweet potatoes by the indigenous juruna or yudjá people in brazil. our results showed that caxiri fermentation is invariably associated with the following: (i) an increase in the total microbial population, with yeast being the largest group detected; (ii) a decrease in reducing sugars, malic, tartaric, succinic, oxalic and propionic acid; and (iii) a final product characterised by a high content of ethanol and a high ... | 2012 | 22497838 |
| waste-to-biofuel: production of biobutanol from sago waste residues. | the main concern of extensive production of biobutanol has been associated with the high cost of the substrate and the relatively low tolerance of clostridia to biobutanol production. in this study, the use of fermentable cassava waste residue (cwr) as substrate for biobutanol production was investigated using solvent-tolerant clostridium sp. four of obligatory, solvent-producing bacteria were isolated from sago industry waste sites. the nsw, pnas1, sb5 and sbi4 strains showed identical profiles ... | 2017 | 28091177 |
| in vitro degradation of linamarin by microorganisms isolated from cassava wastewater treatment lagoons. | this study aimed at isolating and characterizing of microorganisms able to use linamarin as sole carbon source. thirty one microbial strains were isolated from manipueira, a liquid effluent of cassava processing factories. among these strains, bacillus licheniformis (isolate 2_2) and rhodotorulla glutinis (isolate l1) were able to degrade 71% and 95% of added linamarin, respectively, within 7 days, showing high biodegradation activity and great potential for detoxification of cassava processing ... | 2009 | 24031436 |
| optimization of polyhydroxybutyrate production by marine bacillus megaterium msbn04 under solid state culture. | a marine sponge-associated bacterium bacillus megaterium msbn04 was used for the production of polyhydroxybutyrate (phb) under solid state culture (ssc). a central composite design (ccd) was employed to optimize the production medium and to find out the interactive effects of four independent variables, viz. tapioca industry waste, palm jaggery, horse gram flour and trace element solution on phb production. the maximum yield of phb 8.637 mg g(-1) of substrate (tapioca industry waste) was achieve ... | 2013 | 23748002 |
| identification of bacillus species occurring in kantong, an acid fermented seed condiment produced in ghana. | kantong is a condiment produced in ghana by the spontaneous fermentation of kapok tree (ceiba pentandra) seeds with cassava flour as an additive. fermentation is over a 48h period followed by a drying and a kneading process. although lactic acid bacteria (lab) have previously been identified other micro-organisms may also be involved in the fermentation process. in this study we examined the occurrence of aerobic endospore-forming bacteria (aeb) in raw materials, during fermentation and in the f ... | 2014 | 24747716 |
| edible films based on cassava starch and fructooligosaccharides produced by bacillus subtilis natto cct 7712. | the objectives of this work were to produce fructooligosaccharides (foss) by using the microorganism bacillus subtilis natto cct 7712 and to employ these foss as a functional ingredient in cassava starch edible films, which were characterized according to their microstructure, mechanical and barrier properties. the produced foss could be easily dissolved, resulting in homogeneous filmogenic solutions, which were easily manipulated to obtain films by casting. foss were added in different concentr ... | 2016 | 27474664 |
| augmenting iron accumulation in cassava by the beneficial soil bacterium bacillus subtilis (gbo3). | cassava (manihot esculenta), a major staple food in the developing world, provides a basic carbohydrate diet for over half a billion people living in the tropics. despite the iron abundance in most soils, cassava provides insufficient iron for humans as the edible roots contain 3-12 times less iron than other traditional food crops such as wheat, maize, and rice. with the recent identification that the beneficial soil bacterium bacillus subtilis (strain gb03) activates iron acquisition machinery ... | 2015 | 26300897 |
| studies on the production of alkaline α-amylase from bacillus subtilis cb-18. | amylases are among the main enzymes used in food and other industries. they hydrolyse starch molecules into polymers composing glucose units. amylases have potential applications in a number of industrial processes including foods and pharmaceutical industries. alkaline α-amylase has the potential of hydrolysing starch under alkaline ph and is useful in the starch and textile industries and as an ingredient of detergents. amylases are produced from plants, however, microbial production processes ... | 2017 | 28068022 |
| degradation of soil cyanide by single and mixed cultures of pseudomonas stutzeri and bacillus subtilis. | the aim of this investigation was to study whether certain bacteria could be used for cyanide degradation in soil. the bacteria pseudomonas stutzeri and bacillus subtilis were selected based on their good growth in a minimal medium containing 0.8 mg ml-1 potassium cyanide (kcn). in this study we tested their ability to reduce cyanide levels in a medium containing 1.5 mg ml-1 of kcn. although both microorganisms reduced cyanide levels, pseudomonas stutzeri was the more effective test organism. la ... | 2014 | 24670334 |
| optimization of neutral protease production from bacillus subtilis: using agroindustrial residues as substrates and response surface methodology. | statistically based experimental designs were applied to optimize the fermentation medium and cultural conditions for the maximization of neutral protease using three agroindustrial residues (cassava pulp, soybean meal, and wheat bran) and bacillus subtilis des-59. the plackett-burman design was used to evaluate the effects of variables such as the concentration of substrates, initial ph, shaker's rotating speed, temperature, inoculum size, and incubation time. among the eight parameters, three ... | 2013 | 23654222 |
| production of enzymes from agroindustrial wastes by biosurfactant-producing strains of bacillus subtilis. | bacteria in the genus bacillus are the source of several enzymes of current industrial interest. hydrolases, such as amylases, proteases, and lipases, are the main enzymes consumed worldwide and have applications in a wide range of products and industrial processes. fermentation processes by bacillus subtilis using cassava wastewater as a substrate are reported in the technical literature; however, the same combination of microorganisms and this culture medium is limited or nonexistent. in this ... | 2013 | 23533780 |
| exo-polygalacturonase production by bacillus subtilis cm5 in solid state fermentation using cassava bagasse. | the purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of bacillus subtilis cm5 in solid state fermentation using cassava bagasse for production of exo-polygalacturonase (exo-pg). response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effect of four main variables, i.e. incubation period, initial medium ph, moisture holding capacity (mhc) and incubation temperature on enzyme production. a full factorial central composite design was applied to study these main factors that affected exo-pg produ ... | 2009 | 24031409 |
| potato virus x-based expression vectors are stabilized for long-term production of proteins and larger inserts. | plus-strand rna viruses such as potato virus x (pvx) are often used as high-yielding expression vectors in plants, because they tolerate extra transgene insertion and expression without disrupting normal virus functions. however, sequence redundancy due to promoter duplication often leads to genetic instability. although heterologous subgenomic promoter-like sequences (sgps) have been successfully used in tobacco mosaic virus vectors, only homologous sgp duplications have been used in pvx vector ... | 2014 | 25171768 |
| beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae endophytically colonize cassava roots following soil drench inoculation. | we investigated the fungal entomopathogens beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae to determine if endophytic colonization could be achieved in cassava. an inoculation method based on drenching the soil around cassava stem cuttings using conidial suspensions resulted in endophytic colonization of cassava roots by both entomopathogens, though neither was found in the leaves or stems of the treated cassava plants. both fungal entomopathogens were detected more often in the proximal end of th ... | 2016 | 27103778 |
| microbial control of the invasive spiraling whitefly on cassava with entomopathogenic fungi. | the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae, lecanicillium lecanii and isaria fumosorosea were tested for their efficacy in managing the exotic spiraling whitefly aleurodicus dispersus (hemiptera, aleyrodidae) on cassava (manihot esculenta) during 2 seasons (2011-2012 and 2012-2013). the fungi i. fumosorosea and l. lecanii exhibited promising levels of control (> 70% mortality of the a. dispersus population). the percent mortality increased over time in both seasons. ap ... | 2017 | 26691465 |
| assessing global transcriptome changes in response to south african cassava mosaic virus [za-99] infection in susceptible arabidopsis thaliana. | in susceptible plant hosts, co-evolution has favoured viral strategies to evade host defenses and utilize resources to their own benefit. the degree of manipulation of host gene expression is dependent on host-virus specificity and certain abiotic factors. in order to gain insight into global transcriptome changes for a geminivirus pathosystem, south african cassava mosaic virus [za:99] and arabidopsis thaliana, 4×44k agilent microarrays were adopted. after normalization, a log2 fold change filt ... | 2013 | 23826319 |
| production of freeze-dried yeast culture for the brewing of traditional sorghum beer, tchapalo. | freeze-drying is a well-known dehydration method widely used to preserve microorganisms. in order to produce freeze-dried yeast starter culture for the brewing purpose of african sorghum beer, we tested protective agents (sucrose, glucose, glycerol) in combination with support materials (millet, maize, sorghum, and cassava flours) at 1:1 ratio (v/v). the yeast strains saccharomyces cerevisiae f 12-7 and candida tropicalis c 0-7 previously isolated from sorghum beer were used in a mixed culture a ... | 2016 | 26788308 |
| absolute quantification of cassava brown streak virus mrna by real-time qpcr. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) is the most important virus disease of cassava and a major food security threat in africa. yearly economic losses of up to $100 million usd have been attributed to cbsd. the lack of information on plant-virus interactions has restricted progress in breeding for cbsd resistance. virus quantification is becoming a major tool for the quick and reliable assessment of plant host resistance. therefore, a protocol for specific absolute quantification of cassava brown ... | 2017 | 28315718 |
| a virus-derived stacked rnai construct confers robust resistance to cassava brown streak disease. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) threatens food and economic security for smallholder farmers throughout east and central africa, and poses a threat to cassava production in west africa. cbsd is caused by two whitefly-transmitted virus species: cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv) (genus: ipomovirus, family potyviridae). although varying levels of tolerance have been achieved through conventional breeding, to date, effective resistance to cbsd withi ... | 2016 | 28149300 |
| field level rnai-mediated resistance to cassava brown streak disease across multiple cropping cycles and diverse east african agro-ecological locations. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) presents a serious threat to cassava production in east and central africa. currently, no cultivars with high levels of resistance to cbsd are available to farmers. transgenic rnai technology was employed to combat cbsd by fusing coat protein (cp) sequences from ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv) and cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) to create an inverted repeat construct (p5001) driven by the constitutive cassava vein mosaic virus promoter. twenty-fiv ... | 2016 | 28127301 |
| cassava brown streak virus has a rapidly evolving genome: implications for virus speciation, variability, diagnosis and host resistance. | cassava is a major staple food for about 800 million people in the tropics and sub-tropical regions of the world. production of cassava is significantly hampered by cassava brown streak disease (cbsd), caused by cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv). the disease is suppressing cassava yields in eastern africa at an alarming rate. previous studies have documented that cbsv is more devastating than ucbsv because it more readily infects both susceptible an ... | 2016 | 27808114 |
| analysis of the complete genome sequence of euphorbia ringspot virus, an atypical member of the genus potyvirus. | the complete genome sequence of an isolate of euphorbia ringspot virus (eursv) was determined by deep sequencing and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) rt-pcr. it has an rna genome of 10,154 nucleotides in size, excluding the poly(a) tail, and encodes a polyprotein of 3265 amino acids. phylogenetic analysis from this study supports the earlier taxonomic assignment to the genus potyvirus; however, a gene encoding the ham1h protein, inserted between nib and cp of the eursv genome, which was p ... | 2017 | 27686070 |
| characterization of a new cucurbit-infecting ipomovirus from sudan. | two members of the genus ipomovirus (family potyviridae) are known to infect cucurbits: cucumber vein yellowing virus (cvyv), which is emerging throughout the mediterranean basin, and squash vein yellowing virus (sqvyv), which has been described in america and the caribbean basin, and more recently in israel. in this work, an ipomovirus different from cvyv and sqvyv, tentatively named coccinia mottle virus (cocmov), was detected in a sample of the cucurbit coccinia grandis collected in central s ... | 2016 | 27430562 |
| characterization of brown streak virus-resistant cassava. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) has become a major constraint to cassava production in east and central africa. the identification of new sources of cbsd resistance is essential to deploy cbsd mitigation strategies, as the disease is progressing westwards to new geographical areas. a stringent infection method based on top cleft-grafting combined with precise virus titer quantitation was utilized to screen 14 cassava cultivars and elite breeding lines. when inoculated with mixed infections o ... | 2016 | 27070326 |
| artificial microrna-derived resistance to cassava brown streak disease. | artificial mirnas (amirna) were generated targeting conserved sequences within the genomes of the two causal agents of cassava brown streak disease (cbsd): cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv). transient expression studies on ten amirnas targeting 21nt conserved sequences of p1(cbsv and ucbsv), p3(cbsv and ucbsv), ci(ucbsv), nib(cbsv and ucbsv), cp(ucbsv) and the un-translated region (3'-utr) were tested in nicotiana benthamiana. four out of the ten am ... | 2016 | 26912232 |
| comparative analysis of virus-derived small rnas within cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) infected with cassava brown streak viruses. | infection of plant cells by viral pathogens triggers rna silencing, an innate antiviral defense mechanism. in response to infection, small rnas (srnas) are produced that associate with argonaute (ago)-containing silencing complexes which act to inactivate viral genomes by posttranscriptional gene silencing (ptgs). deep sequencing was used to compare virus-derived small rnas (vsrnas) in cassava genotypes nase 3, tme 204 and 60444 infected with the positive sense single-stranded rna (+ssrna) virus ... | 2016 | 26811902 |
| high-throughput multiplex real-time pcr assay for the simultaneous quantification of dna and rna viruses infecting cassava plants. | to develop a multiplex taqman-based real-time pcr assay (qpcr) for the simultaneous detection and quantification of both rna and dna viruses affecting cassava (manihot esculenta) in eastern africa. | 2016 | 26743662 |
| analyses of twelve new whole genome sequences of cassava brown streak viruses and ugandan cassava brown streak viruses from east africa: diversity, supercomputing and evidence for further speciation. | cassava brown streak disease is caused by two devastating viruses, cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv) which are frequently found infecting cassava, one of sub-saharan africa's most important staple food crops. each year these viruses cause losses of up to $100 million usd and can leave entire families without their primary food source, for an entire year. twelve new whole genomes, including seven of cbsv and five of ucbsv were uncovered in this resea ... | 2015 | 26439260 |
| cassava brown streak disease: a threat to food security in africa. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) has emerged as the most important viral disease of cassava (manihot esculenta) in africa and is a major threat to food security. cbsd is caused by two distinct species of ipomoviruses, cassava brown streak virus and ugandan cassava brown streak virus, belonging to the family potyviridae. previously, cbsd was reported only from the coastal lowlands of east africa, but recently it has begun to spread as an epidemic throughout the great lakes region of east and c ... | 2015 | 26015320 |
| field evaluation of selected cassava genotypes for cassava brown streak disease based on symptom expression and virus load. | production of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), a food security crop in sub-saharan africa, is threatened by the spread of cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) which manifests in part as a corky necrosis in the storage root. it is caused by either of two virus species, cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv), resulting in up to 100% yield loss in susceptible varieties. | 2014 | 25526680 |
| efficient transmission of cassava brown streak disease viral pathogens by chip bud grafting. | techniques to study plant viral diseases under controlled growth conditions are required to fully understand their biology and investigate host resistance. cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) presents a major threat to cassava production in east africa. no infectious clones of the causal viruses, cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) or ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv) are available, and mechanical transmission to cassava is not effective. an improved method for transmission of the viruses ... | 2013 | 24314370 |
| rnai-derived field resistance to cassava brown streak disease persists across the vegetative cropping cycle. | a confined field trial was established to determine durability of rnai-mediated resistance to cassava brown streak disease (cbsd). stem cuttings were obtained from field-grown cassava plants of cv 60444 transgenic for construct p718, consisting of an 894 bp inverted repeat sequence from the ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv) coat protein. plants were established from three transgenic lines previously shown to provide complete resistance to ucbsv and differing levels of protection to the ... | 2017 | 24296511 |
| exploiting the combination of natural and genetically engineered resistance to cassava mosaic and cassava brown streak viruses impacting cassava production in africa. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) and cassava mosaic disease (cmd) are currently two major viral diseases that severely reduce cassava production in large areas of sub-saharan africa. natural resistance has so far only been reported for cmd in cassava. cbsd is caused by two virus species, cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv). a sequence of the cbsv coat protein (cp) highly conserved between the two virus species was used to demonstrate that a cbsv-cp ... | 2012 | 23049780 |
| transgenic rna interference (rnai)-derived field resistance to cassava brown streak disease. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd), caused by the ipomoviruses cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv), is considered to be an imminent threat to food security in tropical africa. cassava plants were transgenically modified to generate small interfering rnas (sirnas) from truncated full-length (894-bp) and n-terminal (402-bp) portions of the ucbsv coat protein (δcp) sequence. seven sirna-producing lines from each gene construct were tested under confined ... | 2012 | 22845735 |
| loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of the causal agents of cassava brown streak disease. | the causal agents of cassava brown streak disease have recently been identified as cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv). primers have been developed for rapid detection of these viruses by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp). performance of the rt-lamp assays compared favourably with published rt-pcr and real-time rt-pcr methods. furthermore, amplification by rt-lamp is completed in 40 min and does not require thermal ... | 2013 | 22820076 |