| transformation in bacillus subtilis: fate of transforming dna in transformation deficient mutants. | | 1977 | 406513 |
| interference by bromodeoxyuridine with differentiation in a prokaryote. | | 1977 | 406573 |
| on the interdependence of thermal and electromagnetic effects in the response of bacillus subtilis spores to microwave exposure. | | 1977 | 406639 |
| relation of lipids to the action of streptomycin on bacillus subtilis and escherichia coli and griseofulvin and fungizone on aspergillus niger. | an attempt was made to reveal the relation between the lipid content and components of b. subtilis and e. coli and the action of streptomycin, and those of a. niger and the action of griseofulvin and fungizone (amphotericin b). total lipids were extracted in co2 atmosphere, dried, and weighed. lipid components were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography. complements to the growth medium of a. niger with extracted total lipids and phospholipids were made to verify the obtained results. it has been ... | 1977 | 406753 |
| inducible resistance to d-cycloserine in bacillus subtilis 168. | resistance to d-cycloserine could be induced in bacillus subtilis 168 by sublethal concentrations of d-cycloserine. sensitivity to the antibiotic could be regained by growth in the absence of d-cycloserine. the bactericidal activity of d-cycloserine apparently was not altered by resistant cells, and peptidoglycan synthesis was still inhibited by d-cycloserine in resistant cells. the d-cycloserine resistance apparently resulted from a decreased uptake of the antibiotic. the decrease in d-cycloser ... | 1977 | 406831 |
| d-cycloserine-induced alterations in the transport of d-alanine and glycine in bacillus subtilis 168. | d-alanine, l-alanine, and glycine transport was investigated in bacillus subtilis 168 cells that were phenotypically resistant to d-cycloserine. these cells showed enhanced rates of uptake as compared with that observed in sensitive cells. the usual enhancement in d-alanine and glycine transport resulting from treatment of the cells with d-cycloserine could be prevented by the addition of rifampin. kinetic analyses of the initial rate of glycine transport indicated an increase in the v(max) for ... | 1977 | 406832 |
| study of inhibition of outgrowth in bacillus cereus t by ethyl picolinate. | the effects of ethyl picolinate on germination, outgrowth, and sporulation of bacillus cereus t were studied in a synthetic medium containing glucose. ethyl picolinate specifically inhibited at two stages, outgrowth and sporulation. the initiation of germination and cell division was not affected. the inhibition of outgrowth by ethyl picolinate could be reversed by enrichment of inoculum with aspartic acid, asparagine, lysine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine among the amino acids and by oxalacetate. ... | 1977 | 406840 |
| effect of combined heat and radiation on microbial destruction. | a series of experiments at several levels of relative humidity and radiation dose rates was carried out using spores of bacillus subtilis var. niger to evaluate the effect of heat alone, radiation alone, and a combination of heat and radiation. combined heat and radiation treatment of microorganisms yields a destruction rate greater than the additive rates of the independence agents. the synergistic mechanism shows a proportional dependency on radiation dose rate an arrhenius dependency on tempe ... | 1977 | 406843 |
| methyl bromide as a microbicidal fumigant for tree nuts. | methyl bromide (mebr) has broad microbicidal activity, but its use as a disinfectant for food is limited by the resulting bromide residues. increasing the mebr concentration, exposure temperature, or exposure period of a treatment tended to increase both the microbicidal efficacy of mebr and the bromide residues. its sporicidal activity was less at high than at low relative humidity within the range of 20 to 99%. both the efficacy and the resulting residues of a mebr treatment varied inversely w ... | 1977 | 406844 |
| zinc is associated with the beta subunit of dna-dependent rna polymerase of bacillus subtilis. | the bacillus subtilis dna-dependent rna polymerase holoenzyme and core enzyme each contain approximately two atoms of zinc per molecule. when the dissociated subunits of the enzyme are passed through a blue dextran-sepharose affinity column, only the beta subunit binds to the column. the total zinc content of the enzyme is tightly bound to the beta subunit. dialysis studies suggest that the two zinc ions differ in the strength of their association with the beta subunit. the presence of zinc in b ... | 1977 | 406910 |
| occurrence and function of membrane teichoic acids. | membrane teichoic acids, sometimes described as lipoteichoic acids, are important but not major components of nearly all gram-positive bacteria. they appear on the outer surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and possess antigenic properties. several functions have been ascribed to these glycerol phosphate polymers, including the binding of divalent cations required for optimal activity of membrane-bound enzymes, and the control of certain lytic enzymes. a substance that is identical or closely sim ... | 1977 | 406922 |
| detection and microbiologic assays of antimetabolites. | the biochemical considerations applicable in the detection of new antimetabolites are very similar to those used in developing microbiologic assays for these drugs. an in vitro system for detection of antimetabolites was developed based on different sensitivities to such drugs of bacteria cultivated in complex versus completely synthetic media. a number of new antimetabolites of amino acids, vitamins, and purines or pyrimidines were isolated and microbiologic assays for these drugs were develope ... | 1977 | 406992 |
| porphyrin and corrinoid mutants of bacillus subtilis. | porphyrin auxotrophs of bacillus subtilis can be divided into two groups. strains belonging to the first group (hema, hemb, or hemc) are not able to synthesize or metabolize porphobilinogen. these strains require cysteine, cystine, and methionine, respectively. traces of aminolevulinic acid, in a hemin-containing medium, can replace the cysteine requirement in a mutant lacking aminolevulinic acid synthetase. in bacteria belonging to the second group (heme, hemf, or hemg), porphyrin biosynthesis ... | 1977 | 407208 |
| host cell reactivation of bacillus subtilis bacteriophages. | host cell reactivation of ultraviolet-irradiated phage can be used as a probe of the bacterial repair system and to determine phage and cellular contributions to the repair process. using the bacillus subtilis phages spp1, sp01, phie, and phi29, we found that the uvr-1 and pola functions are involved in the host cell reactivation of the four phages. spp1 was the only phage whose reactivation was also decreased in reca, recd, and recf mutant cells. we studied variations of host cell reactivation ... | 1977 | 407209 |
| isolation and characterization of a bacillus subtilis mutant with a defective n-glycosidase activity for uracil-containing deoxyribonucleic acid. | crude cell extracts of bacillus subtilis 168t exhibit enzyme activity capable of releasing free uracil from phage pbs1 deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetate. by measuring the enzyme activity in 300 clones that emanated from mutagenized cells, we obtained a mutant strain that did not show this n-glycosidase activity. the mutant strain, designated as tkj6901 (urg-1) exhibited no physiological abnormalities. we observed the intracellular action of the enzyme by ... | 1977 | 407210 |
| conversion by trypsin of nonsense suppressor-produced isozymes of triosephosphate isomerase to isozymes resembling the wild type. | nonsense suppressor genes caused the synthesis of new triosephosphate isomerase isozymes in bacillus subtilis. incubation with trypsin produced a large decrease in the apparent molecular weight of one such isozyme and simultaneously changed the electrophoretic behavior such that it resembled that of the wild-type enzyme. | 1977 | 407217 |
| isolation and characterization of four types of plasmids from bacillus subtilis (natto). | covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acids were found in 10 strains of bacillus natto. the plasmids could be classified into four types on the basis of the molecular weights as well as the patterns in agarose gel electrophoresis after digestion with restriction endonucleases: (i) plasmids (seven were detected) with a molecular weight of 3.6 x 10(6); (ii) plasmids (two were detected) with a molecular weight of 4.0 x 10(6); (iii) plasmids (eight were detected) with a molecular weight of abo ... | 1977 | 407218 |
| fragmentation of bacillus bacteriophage phi105 dna by complementary single-stranded dna in the cohesive ends of the molecule. | the structure of dna from the temperate bacillus subtilis phage phi105 was examined by using the restriction endonuclease ecori and by sedimentation analysis. the dna contains six ecori cleavage sites. although eight dna fragments were identified in the ecori digests, the largest of these was shown to consist of the two fragments that carry the cohesive ends of the phage dna. in neutral gradients, the majority of whole phi105 dna sedimented as nicked circles and the remainder as oligomers. no un ... | 1977 | 407373 |
| mathematical approach to the stimulation of the competence development in bacillus subtilis. | | 1977 | 407402 |
| expression of an excision repair gene in transformation of bacillus subtilis. | dna of bacillus subtilis proficient in excision repair (hcr+) was introduced into angiografinpurified competent cells of an excision repair-deficient strains uvs-1 (hcr-1). the hcr+ gene was found to affect the uv-survival curve of the cells, giving rise to a uv-resistant component. however, a considerable number of colonies of the uv-resistant component consisted of cells that were not transformed to hcr+ as judged by their sensitivity to mitomycin c (mc), uv, and by their ability to reactivate ... | 1977 | 407443 |
| dna repair in bacillus subtilis. i. the presence of an inducible system. | following uv irradiation of bacillus subtilis there is a coordinate induction of: 1) a new protein, 2) a w-reactivation system, 3) a dna modification system, and 4) prophages. these functions are induced following uv irradiation of repair proficient bacteria and mutants deficient in excision repair (uvr-1) and dna polymerase i activity (pola5). however, they are not induced, or are impaired in their ability to be induced in bacteria containing the reca1 and the recg13 mutations. this inducible s ... | 1977 | 407445 |
| dna repair in bacillus subtilis. ii. activation of the inducible system in competent bacteria. | competent b. subtilis are more uv sensitive than the non-competent population of the culture. this increased sensitivity is lose in mutants unable to induce the 'sos system' (reca1,, recg13), in mutants defective in the induction of prophage pbsx (xin), and in late stage competent cells. moreover, bacteriophage phi 105 produced from transfected cells are less restricted on strain yb880 than bacteriophage produced from infected cells. therefore, competent cells (those capable of being transfected ... | 1977 | 407446 |
| [dna radiation protection with the chlorides of alkaline metals]. | | 1977 | 407622 |
| [studies on the production of alkaline proteases]. | | 1977 | 407643 |
| timing of initiation of dna replication in spo1 infection of bacillus subtilis. | | 1977 | 407713 |
| epoxidation of aldrin to exo-dieldrin by soil bacteria. | twenty-two strains of soil bacteria, including representatives of the genera bacillus, micromonospora, mycobacterium, nocardia, streptomyces, thermoactinomyces, and pseudomonas and 10 unidentified gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacteria, were shown to degrade aldrin to its epoxide dieldrin. in every case, the exo-stereoisomer of dieldrin was produced exclusively. | 1977 | 407844 |
| the effect of amino acids on the motile behavior of bacillus subtilis. | constant levels of amino acids enhanced the velocity of bacillus subtilis 60015 cells about 2-fold and stimulated the response in motility assays. the stimulation of velocity did not occur via the receptors for chemotaxis. cysteine and methionine, general inhibitors of chemotaxis, both completely inhibited the smooth response in a temporal gradient of attractant. after methionine starvation b. subtilis 60015 showed no measurable response in a temporal gradient of attractant, this in contrast to ... | 1977 | 407881 |
| the influence of antibiotics wr 142 on permeability of cell membranes. | the influence of antibiotics wr 142 (fractions i and ii and wr 142 fpg) on transport across cell membranes of b. subtilis and c. albicans was studied. antibiotics wr 142 did not increase permeability of cell membranes as 86rb was not exchanged by other monovalent ions in the presence of the antibiotic preparations. temperature, ionic strength and ph had no significant influence on the action of these antibiotics on the cell membranes. antibiotics wr 142 do not form lipid-soluble complexes with a ... | 1977 | 407886 |
| beta-lysin of platelet origin. | | 1977 | 407899 |
| persistence of rna attached to nascent short dna pieces in bacillus subtilis cells defective in dna polymerase i. | | 1977 | 407908 |
| intracellular serine protease from bacillus subtilis. structural comparison with extracellular serine proteases-subtilisins. | | 1977 | 407909 |
| partial purification and characterization of a uracil dna n-glycosidase from bacillus subtilis. | a uracil specific dna n-glycosidase activity has been partially purified from crude extracts of bacillus subtilis. the enzyme has a molecular weight of approximately 24 000 with no subunit structure. it has no requirement for any known cofactors but is inhibited in the presence of co2+, fe2+, or zn2+. the enzyme is specific for uracil in single- and double-stranded deoxyribonucleopolymers and does not release free uracil from rna or from poly(ru):poly(da). in addition, neither udr, dump, nor dut ... | 1977 | 407925 |
| the effects of temperature and ultraviolet irradiation on multiplication of bacteriophage phi29. | the effects of temperature and of ultraviolet radiation on the multiplication of bacteriophage phi29 were studied. samples of phi29 that had been irradiated to surviving fractions of 0.44 or 0.10 were propagated at 37 degrees c, 42 degrees c and 43.5 degrees c. latent periods and burst sizes were obtained from one-step growth curves. at a particular temperature, as the dose delivered to the virus was increased, the latent period was extended and the burst size was decreased. for unirradiated vir ... | 1977 | 407953 |
| cloned bacillus subtilis dna containing a gene that is activated early during sporulation. | an endonuclease restriction fragment of bacillus subtilis dna has been identified that contains a gene whose transcription is activated early during the process of spore formation. this 4.4 kilobase (kb) dna was detected by hybridizing electrophoretically separated eco r1 restriction fragments with a radioactively labeled rna of 0.4 kb from sporulating cells. the 4.4 kb b. subtilis dna was then cloned and amplified in e. coli by insertion into the plasmid vector pmb9. using the cloned b. subtili ... | 1977 | 408013 |
| [analgos of riboflavin, lumiflavin and alloxazine derivatives. ii. effect of roseoflavin on 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine and riboflavin synthetase synthesis and growth of bacillus subtilis]. | the replacement of 8-ch3 group in the riboflavin molecule results in the formation of specific antimetabolites. they are rozeoflavin, 7-desmethylrozeoflavin, 8-amino (nor) riboflavin, 8-ribitylamino (nor) riboflavin. effect of rozeoflavin and other riboflavin analogues on the growth and regulatory characteristics of bacillus subtilis strains with different genetic state of riboflavin operon is studied. roseoflavin at a concentration of 0.05 mkg/ml inhibits drl synthesis in rib-b110 strain. an an ... | 1977 | 408231 |
| [effect of calcium and magnesium ions on different stages of genetic transformation in bacillus subtilis]. | optimal concentrations of magnesium and calcium ions under their combined effect on genetic transformation in bacillus suttilis are 2 - 10(-2) m and 4 - 10(-2) m respectively. the same concentrations are optimal under the effect of each cation clone. magnesium ions are efficient during irreversible dna binding. in the presence of magnesium ions calcium ions stimulate more late stages of transformation. the greatest efficiency of transformation is shown in consecutive effect of magnesium ions at ... | 1977 | 408232 |
| antibiotic activity of pyrenomycetes under submerged conditions. | twenty-three pyrenomycete species were tested for antibiotic activity in submerged cultures. when they were screened against bacteria and fungi, 15 showed positive results. among these, eutypa acharii, diaporthe pustulata, melanconis flavovirens and camarops microspora were quite promising against bacteria and/or fungi. an antibacterial antibiotic from camarops microspora was partially purified and characterized. | 1977 | 408247 |
| effects of serum lipid content on the binding of minocycline. | minocycline was added to normal and hyperlipemic serum samples in concentrations of 1 approximately 10 mcg/ml. these specimens had similar protein contents. chemically extractable minocycline was quantitated fluorometrically. hyperlipemic serum (cholesterol 480 mg/100 ml; triglycerides 321 mg/100 ml) yielded an average of 50% less minocycline than did normal serum (cholesterol 170 mg/100 ml; triglycerides 114 mg/100 ml). when ultrafiltrates of serum containing 6, 12 and 20 mcg/ml minocycline wer ... | 1977 | 408318 |
| modulation of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase iii level during the life cycle of bacillus subtilis. | deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) polymerase iii is not detectable in bacillus subtilis spores; the enzyme activity appears 20 to 30 min after spore activation and rapidly increases just before the onset of the first round of dna replication (30 min later); the level of polymerase iii further increases and reaches its maximum (on a per-genome basis) when the cells enter the vegetative phase of growth; this level is six- to eightfold higher than the one observed during germination. in the stationary ph ... | 1977 | 408327 |
| specific alteration of the 30s ribosomal subunits of bacillus subtilis during sporulation. | active 30s ribosomal subunits were isolated from vegetative and sporulating cells of bacillus subtilis. both subunits were able to function in polyuridylic acid of phage phie messenger ribonucleic acid-dependent protein synthesis in vitro. the sporulation 30s subunits were highly active in polyuridylic acid-dependent polyphenylalanine synthesis but showed a reduced activity in the presence of natural messenger ribonucleic acid as compared with their vegetative counter-parts. the reduced activity ... | 1977 | 408328 |
| hydrolysis of phenyl beta-maltoside catalyzed by saccharifying alpha-amylase from bacillus subtilis. | 1. the hydrolytic reaction of phenyl beta-maltoside catalyzed by saccharifying alpha-amylase [ec 3.2.1.1] of bacillus subtilis was studied at 25 degrees c and ph 5.4, by measuring the total reducing power and the amount of phenol liberated, and by thin layer chromatography. 2. the enzyme hydrolyzed phenyl beta-maltoside at the glucosidic linkage between the two glucose residues to form d-glucose and phenyl beta-d-glucoside. besides these products, maltose, maltotriose, and phenyl beta-maltotrios ... | 1977 | 408329 |
| systematic synthesis of dinucleotides and trinucleotides with rnases u2, n1, and a non-specific rnase from b. subtilis. | | 1977 | 408330 |
| alteration in two enzymatically active forms of valyl-trna synthetase during the sporulation of bacillus subtilis. | two enzymatically active forms of valyl-trna synthetase [ec 6.1.1.9] were found in the cells of bacillus subtilis. the aminoacylation activities of the two forms were altered during the sporulation of b. subtilis. the trna's acylated by these enzymes were analyzed by methylated albumin-kieselguhr column chromatography. | 1977 | 408335 |
| immunochemical studies on non-precipitating guinea pig antibody produced by administration of an excessive dose of bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase. | administration of an excessive dose of bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase [ec 3.2.1.1, alpha-1,4-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase] (balphaa) induced the production of non-precipitating (non-ppt) igg2 antibody in guinea pigs, whereas immunization with a normal dose produced precipitating (ppt) igg1 and igg2 antibodies. the non-ppt igg2 antibody thus produced could be isolated from the coexisting ppt igg2 antibody by means of the precipitin reaction at maximum precipitation. the non-ppt antibody was incapab ... | 1977 | 408340 |
| transcription of the genome of bacteriophage phi 29: isolation and mapping of the major early mrna synthesized in vivo and in vitro. | the phi29 early mrna's synthesized in infected bacillus subtilis were studied by using sedimentation velocity analysis, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and hybridization of phi29 dna fragments generated by the restriction endonuclease eco ri. viral rnas synthesized in vivo in the resence of chloramphenicol were found to hybridize to eco ri-a, -c, and -d fragments, but not to eco ri-b and -e fragments, of the viral genome. major early mrna sedimenting as 16s material in neutral sucrose gradie ... | 1977 | 408515 |
| [amylase formation in a periodic and continuous culture of bacillus subtilis]. | the dynamics of alpha-amylase production by two strains of bacillus subtilis (a32 and a32.6) was studied under periodic and continuous conditions of cultivation on a chemically defined medium and on a natural medium. in the periodic culture, the highest activity of the enzyme was found during the stationary growth phase. in the conditions of chemostat, as the dilution rate from 0.05 to 0.15 hr-1, the activity of amylase remained at the same, high level for a certain lapse of time and then decrea ... | 1977 | 408583 |
| [comparative study of the multiplicity of exoenzymes produced by different strains of bacillus subtilis]. | molecular forms of two exoenzymes, subtilisin and alpha-amylase, produced by mutants of bacillus subtilis were studied. the degree of the post-translational modification of subtilisin was less pronounced for p and m mutants than for r mutants. some of the p and m mutants produced subtilisin having higher molecular weight and hydrophobicity as compared to the r mutants. this form of subtilisin may be the primary product of translation of the structural gene and therefore a precursor of subtilisin ... | 1977 | 408586 |
| [characteristics of phages of spore-forming bacteria isolated from the soil]. | phages lyzing spore forming bacteria were isolated from soil, and their biological properties and fine structure were studied. the spectrum of lytic activity was determined as well as parameters of the intracellular phage growth. the burst size of the phage varies from 8 to 725 particles per infected cell, the latent period lasts 25-100 min for various phages. according to the data of electron microscopy, the phages are divided into three morphological groups. the phages tg7, ar13 and bpp10 have ... | 1977 | 408587 |
| comparative studies of rna polymerase subunits from various bacteria. | the molecular structure of rna polymerases from escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, salmonella anatum,serratia marcescens, aerobacter aerogens, proteus mirabilis and bacillus subtilis were compared based on:i) inhibition of the enzyme activity by treatment with antibodies against e. coli rna polymerase subunits;ii) analysis of antibody precipitates by sodium ododecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; and iii) analysis of antibody precipitates by urea-isoelectrofocusing followed by ... | 1977 | 408600 |
| methylation of an adenosine in the d-loop of specific transfer rnas from yeast by a procaryotic trna (adenine-1) methyltransferase. | trna (adenine-1) methyltransferase occurs in bacillus subtilis. eucaryotic trnathr and trnatyr from yeast in which 1-methyladenosine (m1a) is already present in the tpsic loop, can be methylated in vitro with s-adenosylmethionine and b. subtilis extracts. each of the specific trnas accepts 1 mol of methyl groups per mol trna. the enzyme transforms into m1a the 3'-terminal adenylic acid residue of the dihydrouridine loop, a new position for a modified adenosine residue in trna. both trnas have th ... | 1977 | 408794 |
| [pathogenicity of aerobically sporulating microorganisms: bacillus subtilis]. | bioassays were made on white mice and rats to find the potential pathogenicity of b. subtilis and its metabolites. the peroral and intraperitoneal application of several strains of b. subtilis to white mice did not cause any changes either in the behaviour or health condition of the animals until the first to seventh day after test. b. subtilis cultures or cellular suspensions on the one hand and non-cellular filtrates of cultures represented by the b. subtilis metabolism products on the other h ... | 1977 | 408966 |
| [transport of nitrogen bases and nucleosides in bacteria]. | | 1977 | 408991 |
| [heterologous transformation in bacillus subtilis. 1. transmission of dna of the r1drd19 plasmid]. | bac. subtilis 168 (bd-25) cells were infected with dna of plasmide r1drd19 isolated from e. coli strain; transformants resistant to streptomycin (500 microgram/ml) and kanamycin (40 microgram/ml) appeared with the frequency of 2.10(-6). these transformants retained resistance to the mentioned antibiotics stably. a satellite dna peak was revealed in centrifugation in the density gradient of cesium chloride with ethidium bromide. it was possible to infect cells of bac. subtilis 168 (bd-25) with pl ... | 1977 | 409005 |
| [morphologic characteristics of spheroid elements in a culture of bacterial l-forms according to scanning electron microscopy findings]. | the authors studied stable l-cultures of proteus valgaris, bac. subtillis, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes of group a, and also unstable cultures of the l-forms of proteus vulgaris and proteus vulgaris culture at the stage of spheroplasts. spheroid cells proved to appear at the stage of spheroplasts, prevailed at the log phase in stable and unstable l-cultures, but were less frequent at the stationary phase. cross section of l-colonies showed that they were located at the surface. ... | 1977 | 409012 |
| penicillin-binding proteins of bacteria. | | 1977 | 409109 |
| reconstitution of active 50 s ribosomal subunits from bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis. | | 1977 | 409350 |
| induction of sporulation in bacillus subtilis by decoyinine or hadacidin. | | 1977 | 409404 |
| studies on dna repair in bacillus subtilis. iii. identification of an exonuclease which enhances the priming activity of gamma-irradiated dna by "cleaning' damaged ends. | an enzyme which enhances the priming activity of gamma-irradiated dna for type i dna polymerase (ec 2.7.7.7) was identified and partially purified from extracts of bacillus subtilis cells. the enzyme preferentially degraded gamma-irradiated dna into acid-soluble materials. dna preparations treated with heat, ultraviolet light, pancreatic dnaase (ec 3.1.4.5) or micrococcal dnaase (ec 3.1.4.7) were not susceptible to the enzyme. however, sonication rendered dna susceptible to the enzyme to some ex ... | 1977 | 409435 |
| specific determination of ribitol teichoic acid in whole bacteria and isolated walls of bacillus subtilis w23. | | 1977 | 409494 |
| a simple system for extending refrigerated, nonfrozen preservation of biological material using pressure. | | 1977 | 409589 |
| [analysis of the process of bacterial l-form stabilization using bacillus subtilis as a model]. | | 1977 | 409595 |
| [the structure of bacillomycin l, an antibiotic from bacillus subtilis (author's transl)]. | the structure of bacillomycin l, an antifungal agent isolated from the culture medium of a strain of bacillus subtilis, has been investigated. the peptide moiety contains one mole each of d-aspartic acid, l-aspartic acid, l-glutamine, l-serine, d-serine, l-threonine, and d-tyrosine. the lipid moiety is a mixture of 3-amino-12-methyltridecanoic acid (46%), 3-amino-12-methyltetradecanoic acid (38%, 3-amino-14-methylpentadecanoic acid (11%), and two minor homologues. the peptide sequence and the cy ... | 1977 | 409602 |
| immunocytochemical localization of spore specific antigens in ultrathin sections. | | 1977 | 409707 |
| rapid bioassay for clindamycin alone and in the presence of aminoglycoside antibiotics. | a rapid bioassay for determination of concentrations of clindamycin in serum was developed with use of a strain of lancefield group b streptococcus (streptococcus agalactiae) that is uniformly resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics, tetracycline, and polymyxin. an agar diffusion assay system was used that included the addition of patient's sera and three standard concentrations of clindamycin to 5-mm wells cut in the seeded agar. pretreatment of serum with penicillinase allowed measurement of c ... | 1977 | 409783 |
| an improved method for observation of bacterial growth using the scanning electron microscope. | | 1977 | 409800 |
| bacteriophage pmb12 conversion of the sporulation defect in rna polymerase mutants of bacillus subtilis. | the pseudotemperate phage pmb12 was isolated from soil on the basis of its ability to enhance the rate of sporulation of bacillus subtilis 168. pmb12 was subsequently shown to convert the sporulation defect in two genetically distinct classes of sporulation mutants. one class includes those rifampin-resistant mutants that are also spore-negative (mutated at the rif locus). the other class includes a strain carrying the sporulation mutation spocm-1. the spocm-1 mutation is linked to cysa15 by pbs ... | 1977 | 409853 |
| morphogenesis of bacteriophage phi 29 of bacillus subtilis: mapping and functional analysis of the head fiber gene. | a set of mutants of bacillus subtilis bacteriophage phi29 unable to synthesize the head fiber protein has been identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. infectious phage are produced during restrictive infection. we have focused on mutant sus 8.5(900) because the mutation is suppressible by both the su(+3) and su(+44) hosts, and it can be mapped by three- and four-factor crosses. after restrictive infection with mutant sus 8.5(900), a fragment a ... | 1977 | 409854 |
| order of the two major head protein genes of bacteriophage phi 29 of bacillus subtilis. | bacteriophage phi 29 mutation sus8(22) has been mapped by two-factor crosses between markers sus8(769) and ts8(93). whe sus8(22) infects bacillus subtilis su- proteins, hp1 (major head protein) and hp3 (fiber protein) are not synthesized; instead, a fragment with a molecular weight of 25,000 is produced. the tryptic peptides of the fragments overlap with corresponding peptides in protein hp1, but not with the peptides of protein hp3, showing that cistron 8 codes for the major head protein hp1. | 1977 | 409855 |
| [effect of different carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus sources on the biosynthesis of proteases with coagulase activity by bacillus subtilis var, amyloliquefaciens]. | proteolytic enzymes with coagulase activity were found in the cultural broth of bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens 759 grown on chemically defined and natural media. the effect of various sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus on biosynthesis of proteases with coagulase activity was studied; mineral and organic nitrogen sources were equally favourable for the growth and protease biosynthesis. the best sources of carbon for biosynthesis of the enzymes were glucose, sucrose, maltose, fru ... | 1977 | 409907 |
| [characteristics of the specific proteinases of mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria]. | | 1977 | 409913 |
| the nucleotide sequence of phenylalanine trna from bacillus subtilis. | the nucleotide sequence of trna(phe) from bacillussubtilis w 23 has been determined using (32)p labeled trna. this is the second b. subtilis trna so far reported. the nucleotide sequence was found to be pg-g-c-u-c-g-g-u-a-g-c-u-c-a-g-u-d-g-g-d-a-g-a-g-c-a-a-c-g-g-a-c-u-gm-a-a- ms(2)i(6)a-a-psi-c-c-g-u-g-u-m(7)g-u-c-g-g-c-g-g-t-psi- c-g-a-u-u-c-c-g-u-c-c-c-g-a-g-c-c-a-c-c-a(oh).images | 1977 | 410002 |
| differential effects of a dna-synthesis mutation on uv-induced mutation yields in vegetative cells and spores of bacillus subtilis. | | 1977 | 410042 |
| antibiotic production by defective cytoplasmic membrane mutants of bacillus subtilis. | eleven defective cytoplasmic membrane mutants of bacillus subtilis were isolated. their respective protoplasts presented different lytic behaviour when exposed to decreased concentrations of sucrose. some relationship was found between the fragility of the protoplasts and the capacity of the mutants to produce antibiotic or to sporulate. the higher the fragility the lesser the capacity to produce antibiotic. the same applies to their amino acids requirements. | 1977 | 410195 |
| [investigations on the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehydecondensates. 1. (communication:) symmetrically substituted animals of formaldehyde (author's transl)]. | in the scope of our research about the antimicrobial activity of aldehyde-amin-condenates a number of partly new aminals was synthesized by reaction of formaldehyde with various secondary amines. structures and physically constants are shown in the tables 1 and 2. the antimicrobial activity is demonstrated by the results of the disk-test (table 3), of the minimal inhibition concentration (mic, talbe 4) and the suspension and area disinfecting test following the method of the dghm (tables 5 and 6 ... | 1977 | 410200 |
| development of bacteriophage phi29 in sporulating and non-sporulating cells of bacillus subtilis 168. | infection by bacteriophage phi29 of bacillus subtilis 168 and of its asporogenous mutant spooa-3na has been studied in exponential and stationary phases. as first observed with phage phie infections, the burst-size decreases during the stationary phase much more rapidly in wild type than in mutant cells. in addition, the two strains are shown to differ even during growth in their response to phage phi29 infection. during a short period in the exponential phase, no phage production occurs when in ... | 1977 | 410338 |
| acetone sterilization in ophthalmic surgery. | acetone is a potent bactericidal agent and has considerable value for the routine disinfection of surfaces. the reason for the poor showing of acetone in previously reported tests was that it was not used in concentrated form, and our tests also confirmed its relative ineffectiveness when diluted. the inability of acetone to eliminate spores is an important disadvantage but most commonly used bactericidal agents also are deficient in this respect. although acetone is active in the presence of pr ... | 1977 | 410346 |
| bacterial flagella. | | 1977 | 410356 |
| comparison of the effects of two lipophilic acids, hexachlorophene and decanoate, on bacillus subtilis. | the minimal growth-inhibitory amount of either hexachlorophene (hcp) or decanoate stopped growth, respiration, adenosine 5'-triphosphate synthesis, and amino acid transport of bacillus subtilis in a culture containing amino acids and citrate as carbon sources. the electron transport system was not affected by this dose. addition of 27.8 mm glucose or 10 mm malate to an inhibited culture did not reverse the binding of hcp or decanoate to the cells, but it allowed resumption of growth, respiration ... | 1977 | 410363 |
| dry-heat resistance of selected psychrophiles. | the dry-heat resistance characteristics of spores of psychrophilic organisms isolated from soil samples from the viking spacecraft assembly areas at cape kennedy space flight center, cape canaveral, fla., were studied. spore suspensions were produced, and dry-heat d values were determined for the microorganisms that demonstrated growth or survival under a simulated martian environment. the dry-heat tests were carried out by using the planchet-boat-hot plate system at 110 and 125 degrees c with a ... | 1977 | 410367 |
| role of ribonucleic acid polymerase in gene selection in procaryotes. | | 1977 | 410404 |
| involvement of precursor-specific segments in the in vitro maturation of bacillus subtilis precursor 5s ribosomal rna. | in vitro maturation of precursor 5s ribosomal rna (p5a) from bacillus subtilis effected by rnase m5 yields mature 5s rna (m5, 116 nucleotides), and 3' precursor-specific segment (42 nucleotides), and a 5' precursor-specific segment (21 nucleotides) (sogin, m.l., pace, b., and pace, n.r. (1977), j. biol. chem. 252, 1350). limited digestion of p5a with rnase t2 introduces a single scission at position 60 of the molecule; m5 is cleaved at the corresponding nucleotide residue. the complementary "hal ... | 1977 | 410444 |
| [effects of mutations in bacillus subtilis genome decreasing the protease activity on the formation of subtilisin molecular forms]. | multiple molecular forms of subtilisin--extracellular serine protease produced by the wild strain bac. subtilis a-50 and its mutant strains with the protease activity decreased two-fold and more were studied. six molecular forms of subtilisin were found on the whole when 33 mutant strains have been investigated under the experimental conditions. it is essential that both the wild and each of mutant strains under study produced not more than three out of these six forms. three molecular forms of ... | 1977 | 410457 |
| [behavior of some microorganisms cultivated in the presence of irradiated maize starch]. | the bactericidal effect of water soluble radiolysis products of maize starch on escherichia coli cultures declines when the initial population grows. this toxicity varies with the culture environment and the bacterial species: bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, streptococcus faecalis, enterobacter sp. moreover, for the eucaryote cell saccharomyces cerevisiae, wild strain or muting "small colonies", only the generating time is altered by the active parts of radiolysis products. the resul ... | 1977 | 410543 |
| motility in bacillus subtilis driven by an artificial protonmotive force. | | 1977 | 410660 |
| [w-reactivation and w-mutagenesis in uv-irradiated phage phil05 of bacillus subtilis]. | the survival of uv-irradiated phage ø105 on the lawns of several strains of bacillus subtilis: wild type (strain 168) and 11 recombination-defficient mutants (reca1, recb2, recb3, recb19, recd27, recf15, recf18, reck4, recm13, recl16 and reco61) was investigated. all rec mutants have the phenotype hcr+, i.e. normally host-cell reactivate uv-damaged phage. small doses of uv-irradiation given to the wild type (rec+) cells increase the probability of survival of uv-irradiated ø105 phage (w-reactiva ... | 1977 | 410700 |
| [uv-mutagenesis in bacillus subtilis. vii. induction of auxotrophic mutants]. | an experimental testing of material from thin-layered, transparent in passing light, colonies which appear with some frequency after plating bacillus subtilis cells on agar medium with limited enrichment, has shown that such colonies are formed by auxotrophic mutants. the growth requirements for many of them has been identified. the most of mutants can be reversed to original phenotype by uv-irradiation. the frequency of auxotrophs increases after uv-irradiation of suspension of original cells. ... | 1977 | 410702 |
| [the bioavailability and clinical efficay of drylin, a new drug combination of tmp/smz]. | | 1977 | 410716 |
| functional modifications of the translational system in bacillus subtilis during sporulation. | extracts of sporulating cells were found to be defective in vitro translation of phage sp01 ribonucleic acid (rna) and vegetative bacillus subtilis rna. the activity of washed ribosomes from sporulating cells was very similar to that of washed ribosomes from vegetative cells in translating polyuridylic acid, sp01 rna, and vegetative rna. the s-150 fraction from either vegetative or sporulating cells grown in difco sporulation medium contained an apparent inhibitor of protein synthesis. the crude ... | 1977 | 410778 |
| isolation and characterization of fusidic acid-resistant, sporulation-defective mutants of bacillus subtilis. | fusidic acid-resistant, sporulation-defective mutants were isolated from bacillus subtilis 168 thy trp. about two-thirds of the fusidic acid-resistant (fusr) mutants were defective in sporulation ability and fell into three classes with respect to sporulation character. the representative mutants fus426 and fus429 were characterized in detail. fus426 [fusr spo (ts)], a temperature-sensitive sporulation mutant, grew well at 30 and 42 degrees c but did not sporulate at 42 degrees c. fus429 [fusr s ... | 1977 | 410781 |
| lipiarmycin-resistant ribonucleic acid polymerase mutants of bacillus subtilis. | lipiarmycin inhibited the activity of deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid (rna) polymerase in vitro. we showed that inhibition was due to interference by lipiarmycin with the activity of sigma-containing molecules of rna polymerase. transcription by core enzyme was relatively resistant to the drug, but addition of sigma led to highly drug-sensitive rna synthesis. we isolated lipiarmycin-resistant mutants of bacillus subtilis and characterized them genetically and biochemically. drug ... | 1977 | 410787 |
| regulation of a common amidotransferase subunit. | in bacillus subtilis the trpx locus specifies a glutamine-binding protein designated subunit x, which forms a complex with subunit e to constitute the anthranilate synthase enzyme aggregate (ex) and subunit a to constitute the p-aminobenzoate synthase enzyme aggregate (ax). subunit x confers upon these enzyme complexes the ability to utilize glutamine as a substrate. the trpx locus has been examined to determine its map position and control. (i) the trpx locus was found to be cotransformed with ... | 1977 | 410790 |
| bacillus subtilis mutant with temperature-sensitive net synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine. | bacillus subtilis mutants with temperature-sensitive growth on complex media were screened for defects in phospholipid metabolism. one mutant was isolated that showed temperature-sensitive net synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine. the mutant did not accumulate phosphatidylserine at the nonpermissive temperature. in the presence of hydroxylamine, wild-type b. subtilis accumulated phosphatidylserine at both 32 and 45 degrees c, whereas the mutant did only at 32 degrees c. in vitro phosphatidyleth ... | 1977 | 410792 |
| cell wall and morphological changes induced by temperature shift in bacillus subtilis cell wall mutants. | bacillus subtilis rub1012 and rub1013 have the following phenotype when grown at 45 degrees c: no growth on tryptose blood agar base, growth as clumps of spheres in broth culture, a slow autolysis rate, and a low proportion of teichoic acid to peptidoglycan. revertants of strain rub1012 (rub2032, rub2012, and rub2042) that could grow on tryptose blood agar base were isolated. each revertant had a different proportion of teichoic acid to peptidoglycan. the nanomoles of phosphorus per milligram of ... | 1977 | 410798 |
| reaction mechanism of saccharifying alpha-amylase from b. subtilis with maltose as a substrate. | | 1977 | 410799 |
| glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase from bacillus subtilis. a novel iron-sulfur protein. | glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase, purifed to better than 98% purity from derepressed bacillus subtilis, exists as a tetramer and as a dimer of apparently identical subunits with a molecular weight of 50,000 each. the enzyme contains 3 atoms of iron and 2 atoms of inorganic sulfide per subunit and has a yellow-brown color. the absorption spectrum is not altered by dithionite, but exposure to oxygen causes inactivation and partial bleaching of the visible spectrum. thus, the ... | 1977 | 410804 |
| hydroxylaminolysis of penicillin binding componenets is enzymatically catalyzed. | the hydroxylaminolysis of the penicilloyl moiety from [14c]penicillin g binding component (pbc) complexes of the bacillus subtilis d-alanine carboxypeptidase and of the mixture of pbc's of staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by denaturation of the complexes by heat (55 degrees), detergent (1% sodium dodecyl sulfate), or trichloroacetic acid. the kinetics of inhibition by denaturation were comparable to those of the inhibition of [14c]penicillin g binding to the pbc's and of carboxypeptidase acti ... | 1977 | 410805 |
| microwave oven irradiation as a method for bacterial decontamination in a clinical microbiology laboratory. | exposure of 10 frequently isolated clinical pathogens to microwave irradiation resulted in total sterilization with 60 s. time exposure experiments done with commercially prepared test strips containing bacillus stearothermophilus spores indicated that 5-min exposure was adequate to insure sterility of small, contaminated loads. | 1977 | 410828 |
| new types of mutation affecting formation of alkaline phosphatase by bacillus subtilis in sporulation conditions. | mutations defining three new loci, sapa, sapb and phos, were detected by their ability to overcome the phosphatase-negative phenotype of early-blocked asporogenous mutants in sporulation conditions. synthesis of alkaline phosphatase by bacillus subtilis is subject to 'vegetative' and 'sporulation' controls. the phos mutations resulted in constitutive production of alkaline phosphatase and so could be altered in either the 'vegetative' or the 'sporulation' control system. the sapa and sapb mutati ... | 1977 | 410907 |
| [germination of bacillus subtilis spores (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 410965 |
| [studies on lipids of spore-forming bacteria. i. fatty acid composition and distribution in dormant and germinated spores of bacillus subtilis (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 410966 |