| collagen-like glycoprotein bcls is involved in the formation of filamentous structures of the lysinibacillus sphaericus exosporium. | lysinibacillus sphaericus produces mosquitocidal binary toxins (bin toxins) deposited within a balloon-like exosporium during sporulation. unlike bacillus cereus group strains, the exosporium of l. sphaericus is usually devoid of the hair-like nap, an external filamentous structure formed by a collagen-like protein, bcla. in this study, a new collagen-like exosporium protein encoded by bsph_0411 (bcls) from l. sphaericus c3-41 was characterized. thin-section electron microscopy revealed that del ... | 2014 | 25149519 |
| antimicrobial potential of bacteriocin producing lysinibacillus jx416856 against foodborne bacterial and fungal pathogens, isolated from fruits and vegetable waste. | in this study, antimicrobial potential, some probiotics properties and bacteriocin nature of lysinibacillus, isolated from fruits and vegetable waste were evaluated. for this, 125 lactobacillus isolates were tested against foodborne bacterial and fungal pathogens. among these, an isolated bacillus spp. showed significant aggregation-co-aggregation probiotics properties and potentially inhibits the foodborne gram positive microbial pathogens such as staphylococcus aureus, (22 mm zoi), staphylococ ... | 2014 | 24735603 |
| identification and characterization of a novel marine bacillus cereus for mosquito control. | entomopathogenic bacteria to control mosquitoes are a promising environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides. in the present study, a novel mosquitocidal bacterium was isolated from marine soil collected from east coastal areas at pondicherry (india). 16s rrna gene sequence alignment depicted that this isolate belonged to bacillus cereus vcrc-b520 (ncbi: kc-119192). biochemical studies on bacterial growth, biomass, and toxin production have revealed that this strain could possibl ... | 2014 | 24192866 |
| mercuric reductase activity of multiple heavy metal-resistant lysinibacillus sphaericus g1. | a culture was isolated from an industrial mercuric salt-contaminated soil, which could tolerate cd, co, zn, cr, and hg up to 190, 525, 350, 935, and 370 μm, respectively. the isolate was identified as lysinibacillus sphaericus by 16s rrna gene sequencing. it bioaccumulated cd, co, and zn, and reductively detoxified cr and hg. chromate reductase and mercuric reductase (mera) activities in the cell extract were 2.4 and 0.13 units mg(-1) protein, respectively. the study also describes designing of ... | 2015 | 24132860 |
| bacillus species isolated from tungrymbai and bekang, naturally fermented soybean foods of india. | tungrymbai and bekang are naturally fermented soybean foods commonly consumed in meghalaya and mizoram states of india. a total of 39 samples of tungrymbai and 43 samples of bekang were collected from different villages and markets of meghalaya and mizoram, respectively and were analysed for microbial load. in both tungrymbai and bekang, the average population of bacillus spp. was 8.2±0.1 log cfu/g. a total of 428 isolates of bacillus were isolated from tungrymbai (211) and bekang (217) for deta ... | 2015 | 25574846 |
| improved production of cyclodextrins by alkalophilic bacilli immobilized on synthetic or loofa sponges. | this study aimed to improve the production of β-cyclodextrin (β-cd) by microbial cells immobilized on synthetic or loofa sponges both with and without the use of alginate or chitosan. the most suitable matrix for the immobilization of bacillus firmus strain 7b was synthetic sponge and for bacillus sphaericus strain 41 was loofa sponge. after 330 days of storage, the β-cd production by bacillus firmus and bacillus sphaericus remained at around 41% and 49%, respectively, of initial levels. after 2 ... | 2012 | 23202953 |
| induced calcium carbonate precipitation using bacillus species. | microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation is an emerging process for the production of self-healing concrete. this study was aimed to investigate the effects and optimum conditions on calcium carbonate biosynthesis. bacillus licheniformis, bacillus sphaericus, yeast extract, urea, calcium chloride and aeration were found to be the most significant factors affecting the biomineralization of calcium carbonate. it was noticed that the morphology of microbial calcium carbonate was mainly a ... | 2016 | 27392449 |
| treatment of waste gas containing low concentration of dimethyl sulphide in a high performance biotrickling filter. | a bench-scale biotrickling filter was operated in the laboratory for the treatment of dimethyl sulphide (dms). the biotrickling filter was packed with pre-sterilized polyurethane foam and seeded with biomass developed from garden soil enriched with dms. the biotrickling filter was operated for the generation of process parameters. the biotrickling filter could remove an average removal efficiency of 40.95% at an effective bed contact time of 84 sec with an average loading rate of 0.56 mg/m3/h. e ... | 2013 | 24416940 |
| significant improvement of thermal stability of glucose 1-dehydrogenase by introducing disulfide bonds at the tetramer interface. | rational design was applied to glucose 1-dehydrogenase (lsgdh) from lysinibacillus sphaericus g10 to improve its thermal stability by introduction of disulfide bridges between subunits. one out of the eleven mutants, designated as ds255, displayed significantly enhanced thermal stability with considerable soluble expression and high specific activity. it was extremely stable at ph ranging from 4.5 to 10.5, as it retained nearly 100% activity after incubating at different buffers for 1h. mutant d ... | 2013 | 24315638 |
| design and synthesis of cationic antibacterial peptide based on leucrocin i sequence, antibacterial peptide from crocodile (crocodylus siamensis) white blood cell extracts. | leucrocin i is an antibacterial peptide isolated from crocodile (crocodylus siamensis) white blood cell extracts. based on leucrocin i sequence, cationic peptide, ny15, was designed, synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity against bacillus sphaericus tistr 678, bacillus megaterium (clinical isolate), vibrio cholerae (clinical isolate), salmonella typhi (clinical isolate), salmonella typhi atcc 5784 and escherichia coli 0157:h7. the efficacy of the peptide made from all l-amino acids ... | 2014 | 24192554 |
| isolation and characterization of dimethyl sulfide (dms)-degrading bacteria from soil and biofilter treating waste gas containing dms from the laboratory and pulp and paper industry. | dimethyl sulfide (dms) is one of the sulfurous pollutants present in the waste gas generated from the pulp and paper industry. dms has environmental health implications; therefore, it is necessary to treat the waste gas containing dms prior to discharge into the environment. a bench-scale biofilter was operated in the laboratory as well as in a pulp and paper industry for the treatment of dms. both the biofilters were packed with pre-sterilized wood chips and cow dung/compost of the same origin ... | 2012 | 22447220 |
| identification and characterization of the sudanese bacillus thuringiensis and related bacterial strains for their efficacy against helicoverpa armigera and tribolium castaneum. | forty-four isolates of bacillus thuringiensis like bacteria from various sources in different locations from sudan were tested for their insecticidal activity. the toxicity of these isolates ranged from 6.6 to 70% to the neonates of cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera at 10 ppm concentration. the most effective ones are kb-29, st-6 and wh-1 comparable with hd-1. toxicity of isolates to larvae of the red flour beetle, tribolium castaneum ranged from 20 to 100%. isolates st-2 and st-23 gave 100% ... | 2014 | 24956895 |
| metagenomic cloning and characterization of na⁺ transporters from huamachi salt lake in china. | moderately halophilic bacteria are a kind of extreme environment microorganism that can tolerate moderate salt concentrations ranging from 0.5m to 2.5m. here, via a metagenomic library screen, we identified four putative na(+) transporters, designated h7-nha, h16-mppe, h19-cap and h35-mrp, from moderately halophilic community in the hypersaline soil of huamachi salt lake, china. functional complementation observed in a na(+)(ca(2+))/h(+) antiporter-defective escherichia coli mutant (knabc) sugge ... | 2013 | 23218230 |
| environmental safety review of methoprene and bacterially-derived pesticides commonly used for sustained mosquito control. | some pesticides are applied directly to aquatic systems to reduce numbers of mosquito larvae (larvicides) and thereby reduce transmission of pathogens that mosquitoes vector to humans and wildlife. sustained, environmentally-safe control of larval mosquitoes is particularly needed for highly productive waters (e.g., catchment basins, water treatment facilities, septic systems), but also for other habitats to maintain control and reduce inspection costs. common biorational pesticides include the ... | 2017 | 28187397 |
| [effectiveness of three biological larvicides and of an insect growth regulator against anopheles arabiensis in senegal]. | urban malaria is a major public health problem in africa. in senegal, the environmental changes seem to favor the persistence of malaria transmission in dakar suburbs by creating, throughout the year, potential breeding sites of malaria vectors. in such a situation and in a context of a growing threat of insecticide resistance in anopheline vectors, the larval control making use of products from biological origin or growth regulators could represent an additional tool to the current strategies d ... | 2016 | 27942991 |
| nematicidal spore-forming bacilli share similar virulence factors and mechanisms. | in the soil environment, bacilli can affect nematode development, fecundity and survival. however, although many bacillus species can kill nematodes, the virulence mechanisms bacilli utilize remain unknown. in this study, we collected 120 strains comprising 30 species across the bacillaceae and paenibacillaceae families of the bacillales order and measured their nematicidal activities in vitro. comparison of these strains' nematicidal capacities revealed that nine species, including bacillus thu ... | 2016 | 27539267 |
| structural classification of insecticidal proteins - towards an in silico characterisation of novel toxins. | the increasing rate of discovery of new toxins with potential for the control of invertebrate pests through next generation sequencing, presents challenges for the identification of the best candidates for further development. a consideration of structural similarities between the different toxins suggest that they may be functionally less diverse than their low sequence similarities might predict. this is encouraging from the prospective of being able to use computational tools to predict toxin ... | 2017 | 27480403 |
| insect pathogens as biological control agents: back to the future. | the development and use of entomopathogens as classical, conservation and augmentative biological control agents have included a number of successes and some setbacks in the past 1years. in this forum paper we present current information on development, use and future directions of insect-specific viruses, bacteria, fungi and nematodes as components of integrated pest management strategies for control of arthropod pests of crops, forests, urban habitats, and insects of medical and veterinary imp ... | 2015 | 26225455 |
| operational evaluation of vectomax® wsp (bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis+bacillus sphaericus) against larval culex pipiens in septic tanks (1). | the residual effectiveness of vectomax® wsp (a water-soluble pouch formulation containing a combination of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis strain am65-52 and b. sphaericus strain abts 1743) when applied to septic tanks against 3rd- and 4th-stage larvae of culex pipiens l. was evaluated in this study. this formulation was evaluated at operational application rates of 1 pouch (10 g) and 2 pouches (20 g) per septic tank. both application rates resulted in >96% control of larvae for 24 day ... | 2015 | 26181699 |
| highly toxic and broad-spectrum insecticidal local bacillus strains engineered using protoplast fusion. | protoplast fusion was performed between a local bacillus thuringiensis uv-resistant mutant 66/1a (bt) and bacillus sphaericus ghai (bs) to produce new bacillus strains with a wider spectrum of action against different insects. bt is characterized as sensitive to polymyxin and streptomycin and resistant to rifampicin and has shown 87% mortality against spodoptera littoralis larvae at concentration of 1.5 × 10(7) cells/ml after 7 days of feeding; bs is characterized as resistant to polymyxin and s ... | 2015 | 25485592 |
| evaluating the elimination of brazilian entomopathogenic bacillus by non-target aquatic species: an experimental study. | ecotoxicity tests are key to predict environmental hazards resulting from chemical and biological pesticides in non-target species. in order to assess the effects of microbial pesticides it is important to determine if they cause infection in test organisms. at present the microbial elimination rate or clearance is not included in ecotoxicological regulatory protocols. this study evaluated the elimination of bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus sphaericus from fish and snails, after 30 days' expo ... | 2014 | 25168695 |
| cross resistances in spinosad-resistant culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | a culex quinquefasciatus say colony was selected for 45 generations at lc70-90 levels using natular xrg, a granular formulation of 2.5% spinosad for induction of spinosad resistance. resistance to spinosad was noticed in early generations (f1-f9). resistance levels increased gradually from generations f11-f35, and elevated significantly from generation f37 through f47, when resistance ratios reached 2,845-2,907-fold at lc50 and 11,948-22,928-fold at lc90 the spinosad-resistant cx. quinquefasciat ... | 2014 | 24724293 |
| new bacillus thuringiensis toxin combinations for biological control of lepidopteran larvae. | cyt1aa from bacillus thuringiensis israelensis is known by its synergistical activity with b. thuringiensis and bacillus sphaericus toxins. it is able to improve dipteran specific toxins activity and can prevent or overcome larval resistance to those proteins. the objective of the current study was to investigate the possible improvement of larvicidal activity of b. thuringiensis kurstaki expressing heterogeneous proteins cyt1a and p20. cyt1a98 and p20 genes encoding the cytolytic protein (cyt1a ... | 2014 | 24444881 |
| hexamerin a novel protein associated with bacillus sphaericus resistance in culex quinquefasciatus. | bacterial insecticides like, bacillus sphaericus and bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis, have been used for the control of nuisance and vector mosquitoes for more than two decades. for many years, it was assumed that the use of microbial larvicides based on b. sphaericus would not lead to resistance in mosquitoes. however, recent reports have shown that b. sphaericus toxins are not free from this problem. therefore, the resistance of mosquito populations to be will seriously threaten the ... | 2014 | 24395693 |
| laboratory tests on the efficacy of vbc60035, a combined larvicidal formulation of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (strain am65-52) and bacillus sphaericus (strain 2362) against aedes albopictus in simulated catch basins. | catch basins are a common breeding site for mosquito larvae in urban areas. the arrival in spain of the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, has turned catch basins into a challenging public health issue in some areas such as the baix llobregat region, where more than 135,000 units are treated per year in a large-scale application program. although biorational larvicides are used, modern formulations providing longer efficacy periods could lead to manpower savings. laboratory indoor trials ar ... | 2013 | 24199503 |
| efficacy of entomopathogenic bacteria for control of musca domestica. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity, and sub lethal effects of entomopathogenic bacteria brevibacillus laterosporus, bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis, b. thuringiensis var. kurstaki, and a commercial formulation of bacillus sphaericus on musca domestica. bacterial suspensions were prepared in different concentrations and added to the diet of newly-hatched larvae which were monitored until the adult stage. the larvae were susceptible to the b. laterosporus, b. thu ... | 2013 | 24018169 |
| tolerance to individual and joint effects of arsenic and bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis or lysinibacillus sphaericus in culex mosquitoes. | arsenic contamination of global water supplies has come to the forefront in policy decisions in recent decades. however, the effects of arsenic on lower trophic levels of insects inhabiting contaminated ecosystems are not well understood. one approach to document both acute and sublethal effects of toxicants like arsenic is to assay them in combination with microbial pathogens to evaluate shifts in survival curves of the test organisms. larvae of culex quinquefasciatus and culex tarsalis were re ... | 2014 | 23956096 |
| comparison between diflubenzuron and a bacillus thuringiensis israelensis- and lysinibacillus sphaericus-based formulation for the control of mosquito larvae in urban catch basins in switzerland. | a field test was conducted to evaluate a commercial biolarvicide based on bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis and lysinibacillus sphaericus to control mosquitoes breeding in catch basins in southern switzerland. the efficacy and residual activity of the microbial mosquito larvicide applied at the recommended rate of 10 g per catch basin was compared to the currently used larvicide diflubenzuron. both products provided a very good control activity (> 97% of reduction) of late instars (3rd and ... | 2013 | 23923328 |
| expression of mosquito-larvicidal toxin genes under the control of a native promoter in enterobacter amnigenus an11. | enterobacter amnigenus an11, that can colonize the gut of mosquito larva, is an alternative toxin-producing host to be used as a mosquito control since it is able to float in the feeding zone of mosquito larvae. to produce mosquito-larvicidal toxins in this bacterium, a native promoter has been identified from its genomic dna. the promoter exhibited consensus sequences for -35 and -10 regions of bacterial promoters and constitutively drove the expression of gfp. this promoter was inserted into r ... | 2013 | 23609231 |
| cyt1aa from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis enhances mosquitocidal activity of b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-1 against aedes aegypti but not culex quinquefasciatus. | the cyt1aa protein of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis is known to synergize mosquitocidal proteins of b. thuringiensis and bacillus sphaericus strains. cyt1aa is highly lipophilic, and after binding in vivo to the midgut microvillar membrane serves as a "receptor" for mosquitocidal cry proteins, which subsequently form cation channels that kill mosquito larvae. here we report that cyt1aa can serve a similar function for lepidopteran-specific cry proteins of b. thuringiensis in certain ... | 2013 | 23314373 |
| characterization of antibiotic resistant and enzyme producing bacterial strains isolated from the arabian sea. | marine bacteria are known to produce many bioactive molecules and extracellular enzymes of commercial importance. we have investigated the bacterial diversity of the coastal area of karwar, karnataka state, india. among these bacterial isolates, five bacterial strains were selected and identified by their morphological, biochemical characteristics and phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences. the identified bacterial isolates, bacillus toyonensis pntb1, lysinibacillus sphaericus pt ... | 2016 | 28330094 |
| development of a highly efficient oil degumming process using a novel phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c enzyme. | enzymatic degumming using phospholipase c (plc) enzymes may be used in environmentally friendly processes with improved oil recovery yields. in this work, phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (piplc) candidates obtained from an in silico analysis were evaluated for oil degumming. a piplc from lysinibacillus sphaericus was shown to efficiently remove phosphatidylinositol from crude oil, and when combined with a second phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipas ... | 2017 | 28238084 |
| streptomycin affinity depends on 13 amino acids forming a loop in homology modelled ribosomal s12 protein (rpsl gene) of lysinibacillus sphaericus dsls5 associated with marine sponge (tedania anhelans). | streptomycin, an antibiotic used against microbial infections, inhibits the protein synthesis by binding to ribosomal protein s12, encoded by rpsl12 gene, and associated mutations cause streptomycin resistance. a streptomycin resistant, lysinibacillus sphaericus dsls5 (mic >300 µg/ml for streptomycin), was isolated from a marine sponge (tedania anhelans). the characterisation of rpsl12 gene showed a region having similarity to long terminal repeat sequences of murine lukemia virus which added 13 ... | 2016 | 26198082 |
| extended longevity and robust early-stage development of caenorhabditis elegans by a soil microbe, lysinibacillus sphaericus. | caenorhabditis elegans, originally isolated from soil, is a nematode used in various fields of biological research including host–microbe interaction. while bacterial pathogens responsible for human infections have been actively studied in c. elegans, very few bacterial species that provide beneficial effects on c. elegans have been reported. here, we tested several bacterial soil isolates and then characterized the effects of lysinibacillus sphaericus on c. elegans growth-related phenotypes. wo ... | 2014 | 25756126 |
| an oligomeric complex of bina/binb is not formed in-situ in mosquito-larvicidal lysinibacillus sphaericus ispc-8. | binary toxin of lysinibacillus sphaericus is composed of two polypeptides; receptor binding binb and toxic bina. both the polypeptides are required for maximal toxicity. it has been suggested that binary toxin exerts toxicity as a heterotetramer constituted by two copies of each of the component polypeptides. it has also been observed that oligomers consisting of two copies of bina and binb are pre-formed in l. sphaericus spore-crystals. however, recombinant proteins from escherichia coli expres ... | 2014 | 25196469 |
| single nucleotide deletion of cqm1 gene results in the development of resistance to bacillus sphaericus in culex quinquefasciatus. | the entomopathogen bacillus sphaericus is one of the most effective biolarvicides used to control the culex species of mosquito. the appearance of resistance in mosquitoes to this bacterium, however, remains a threat to its continuous use in integrated mosquito control programs. previous work showed that the resistance to b. sphaericus in culex colonies was associated with the absence of the 60-kda binary toxin receptor (cpm1/cqm1), an alpha-glucosidase present in the larval midgut microvilli. i ... | 2013 | 23871751 |
| identification of a novel gene cluster in the upstream region of the s-layer gene sbpa involved in cell wall metabolism of lysinibacillus sphaericus ccm 2177 and characterization of the recombinantly produced autolysin and pyruvyl transferase. | the s-layer protein sbpa of lysinibacillus sphaericus ccm 2177 assembles into a square (p4) lattice structure and recognizes a pyruvylated secondary cell wall polymer (scwp) as the proper anchoring structure to the rigid cell wall layer. sequencing of 8,004 bp in the 5'-upstream region of the s-layer gene sbpa led to five orfs-encoding proteins involved in cell wall metabolism. after cloning and heterologous expression of orf1 and orf5 in escherichia coli, the recombinant autolysin rabpa and the ... | 2013 | 23443476 |
| nanoscale mono- and multi-layer cylinder structures formed by recombinant s-layer proteins of mosquitocidal bacillus sphaericus c3-41. | the mature surface layer (s-layer) protein slpc of mosquitocidal bacillus sphaericus c3-41 comprises amino acids 31-1,176 and could recrystallize in vitro. the n-terminal slh domain is responsible for binding function. deletion of this part, s-layer proteins could not bind to the cell wall sacculi. to investigate the self-assembly ability of slpc from b. sphaericus, nine truncations were constructed and their self-assembly properties were compared with the recombinant mature s-layer protein rslp ... | 2013 | 23306643 |
| therapeutic intervention and molecular characterizations of bacteriocin producing lysinibacillus sp., nov., isolated from food sample. | many bacteriocins from lactobacilli have been reported as immunostimulatory, preservatives, anticancerous and biocontroling. however, antimicrobial potential of lysinibacillus is not much reported. in this study, an attempt was made to isolate and anticipate therapeutic potential of lysinibacillus from spoiled food sample. we screened 125 lactobacilli for their antagonistic nature against food borne and disease causing bacterial and fungal pathogens. among them, one bacillus was phenotypically, ... | 2015 | 26142524 |
| severe sepsis secondary to persistent lysinibacillus sphaericus, lysinibacillus fusiformis and paenibacillus amylolyticus bacteremia. | lysinibacillus and paenibacillus are pervasive bacteria rarely associated with human disease. less sophisticated microbiology techniques may frequently incorrectly identify these genera as bacillus spp., often regarded as environmental contamination. this report describes a case of severe sepsis due to persistent lysinibacillus and paenibacillus bacteremia, identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy and 16s rrna gene sequencing. | 2015 | 25931198 |
| biological and chemical phosphorus solubilization from pyrolytical biochar in aqueous solution. | biochar, a massive byproduct of biomass pyrolysis during biofuel generation, is a potential p source for the mitigation of p depletion. however, the chemical and biological effect of the release of p from biochar is still unclear. in this study, two types of lysinibacillus strains (lysinibacillussphaericus d-8 and lysinibacillus fusiformis a-5) were separated from a sediment and their p-solubilizing characteristics to biochar was first reported. compared with the bacterial mixture w-1 obtained f ... | 2014 | 25065807 |
| lysinibacillus tabacifolii sp. nov., a novel endophytic bacterium isolated from nicotiana tabacum leaves. | a gram-positive, catalase- and oxidase-positive, strictly aerobic, endospore-forming rod bacterium, designated k3514(t), was isolated from the leaves of nicotiana tabacum. the strain was able to grow at temperatures of 8-40°c, ph 5.0-10.0 and nacl concentrations of 0-7%. the predominant quinones (>30%) of this strain were mk-7(h2) and mk-7. phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene sequence showed that strain k3514(t) was affiliated to the genus lysinibacillus, with its closest relatives being lysi ... | 2013 | 23812807 |
| lysinibacillus mangiferahumi sp. nov., a new bacterium producing nematicidal volatiles. | a gram-positive bacterium, designated m-gx18(t), was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of mango (guangxi province, china). the isolate produced nematicidal volatile compounds with activities against the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. the organism was motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, spore-forming and rod shaped. the predominant menaquinone was mk-7 and the major cellular fatty acid profiles were iso-c(15:0), anteiso-c(15:0) and iso-c(16:0). the dna g+c content was 38.9%. a phy ... | 2012 | 22367102 |
| bacillus sphaericus lmg 22257 is physiologically suitable for self-healing concrete. | the suitability of using a spore-forming ureolytic strain, bacillus sphaericus, was evaluated for self-healing of concrete cracks. the main focus was on alkaline tolerance, calcium tolerance, oxygen dependence, and low-temperature adaptability. experimental results show that b. sphaericus had a good tolerance. it can grow and germinate in a broad range of alkaline ph. the optimal ph range is 7 ∼ 9. high alkaline conditions (ph 10 ∼ 11) slow down but not stop the growth and germination. oxygen wa ... | 2017 | 28365797 |
| in vitro characterization of the two-stage non-classical reassembly pathway of s-layers. | the recombinant bacterial surface layer (s-layer) protein rsbpa of lysinibacillus sphaericus ccm 2177 is an ideal model system to study non-classical nucleation and growth of protein crystals at surfaces since the recrystallization process may be separated into two distinct steps: (i) adsorption of s-layer protein monomers on silicon surfaces is completed within 5 min and the amount of bound s-layer protein sufficient for the subsequent formation of a closed crystalline monolayer; (ii) the recry ... | 2017 | 28216572 |
| complete genome sequence of lysinibacillus sphaericus lmg 22257, a strain with ureolytic activity inducing calcium carbonate precipitation. | microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation shows the potential for use in bioremediation and construction consolidation, but the efficiency of this process must be improved. lysinibacillus sphaericus lmg 22257 is a gram-positive ureolytic strain that has recently been applied for consolidating construction by mediating calcium carbonate precipitation. the complete genome sequence of l. sphaericus lmg 22257 is 3,436,578 base pairs with a gc content of 38.99%. the urea degradation p ... | 2017 | 28216100 |
| biotransformation and detoxification of xylidine orange dye using immobilized cells of marine-derived lysinibacillus sphaericus d3. | lysinibacillus sphaericus d3 cell-immobilized beads in natural gel sodium alginate decolorized the xylidine orange dye 1-(dimethylphenylazo)-2-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid sodium salt in the laboratory. optimal conditions were selected for decolorization and the products formed were evaluated for toxicity by disc diffusion assay against common marine bacteria which revealed the non-toxic nature of the dye-degraded products. decolorization of the brightly colored dye to colorless products was measure ... | 2017 | 28208715 |
| synergistic activity between s-layer protein and spore-crystal preparations from lysinibacillus sphaericus against culex quinquefasciatus larvae. | lysinibacillus sphaericus is used for the biological control of mosquitoes. the main toxicity mechanism of pathogenic strains is a binary toxin produced during sporulation. s-layer is a proteinaceous structure on the surface of bacteria; its functions have been involved in the interaction between bacterial cells and the environment, for example, as protective coats, surface recognition, and biological control. in l. sphaericus, s-layer protein (slpc) is expressed in vegetative cells, and is also ... | 2017 | 28168605 |
| pegylation enhances mosquito-larvicidal activity of lysinibacillus sphaericus binary toxin. | toxic strains of lysinibacillus sphaericus have been used in the field for larval control of mosquito vector diseases. the high toxicity of l. sphaericus is attributed to the binary (binab) toxin produced as parasporal crystalline inclusions during the early stages of sporulation. bina and binb, the primary components of these spore-crystals, exert high toxicity when administered together. however, instability, short half-lives, and rapid proteolytic digestion can limit their use as an effective ... | 2017 | 28118708 |
| first confirmed report of a bacterial brood disease in stingless bees. | susceptibility to brood pathogens in eusocial stingless bees (meliponini), alternative pollinators to honey bees, is unknown. brood losses in managed colonies of the australian stingless bee, tetragonula carbonaria, were studied over 20months. we isolated a disease-causing bacterium, lysinibacillus sphaericus (firmicutes, bacillaceae), from worker and queen larvae, brood cell provisions and honey stores. pathogenicity experiments confirmed this bacterium as the causal organism. it took 22days fr ... | 2017 | 28088343 |
| n-glycosylation influences the catalytic activity of mosquito α-glucosidases associated with susceptibility or refractoriness to lysinibacillus sphaericus. | cqm1 and aam1 are α-glucosidases (ec 3.2.1.20) expressed in culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti larvae midgut, respectively. these orthologs share high sequence similarity but while cqm1 acts as a receptor for the binary (bin) insecticidal toxin from lysinibacillus sphaericus, aam1 does not bind the toxin, rendering ae. aegypti refractory to this bacterium. aam1 is heavily glycosylated, contrasting to cqm1, but little is known regarding how glycosylation impacts on its function. this study ... | 2017 | 28017798 |
| impact of bacillus sphaericus exposure on anopheles dirus's fecundity and resistance development. | mosquitoes are important vectors of many infectious diseases. bacillus sphaericus (bs) is an ideal larvicide and has attracted more and more attention, recently. however, the fundamental research of its application is very limited, especially on the subsequent impact of bs exposure on mosquito's fecundity and resistance emergence. through bioassay, lc50 and lc95 of bs in killing anopheles dirus larvae were determined as 9.793 ± 1.878 iu/l and 62.4 ± 6.438 iu/l at 48 h posttreatment, 7.128 ± 0.91 ... | 2017 | 28012029 |
| evidence-based validation of quorum quenching from lysinibacillus sphaericus and geobacillus sp. in bioremediation of oil sludge. | many studies on quorum quenching focus on the discovery and characterization of novel acyl-homoserine lactonases (ahl-lactonases) because these enzymes could be used in the control of diseases caused by gram-negative bacteria. the effects of quorum quenching are also remarkable in the performance of bacterial consortia in applications such as bioremediation. in the current work, we demonstrated the presence of a potential novel ahl-lactonase-encoding locus (bsph_3377) from lysinibacillus sphaeri ... | 2017 | 27905820 |
| de novo phasing with x-ray laser reveals mosquito larvicide binab structure. | binab is a naturally occurring paracrystalline larvicide distributed worldwide to combat the devastating diseases borne by mosquitoes. these crystals are composed of homologous molecules, bina and binb, which play distinct roles in the multi-step intoxication process, transforming from harmless, robust crystals, to soluble protoxin heterodimers, to internalized mature toxin, and finally to toxic oligomeric pores. the small size of the crystals-50 unit cells per edge, on average-has impeded struc ... | 2016 | 27680699 |
| complete genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of functionally diverse lysinibacillus sphaericus iii(3)7. | lysinibacillus sphaericus iii(3)7 is a native colombian strain, the first one isolated from soil samples. this strain has shown high levels of pathogenic activity against culex quinquefaciatus larvae in laboratory assays compared to other members of the same species. using pacific biosciences sequencing technology we sequenced, annotated (de novo) and described the genome of strain iii(3)7, achieving a complete genome sequence status. we then performed a comparative analysis between the newly se ... | 2016 | 27419068 |
| complete genome sequence of lysinibacillus sphaericus who reference strain 2362. | lysinibacillus sphaericus is a species that contains strains widely used in the biological control of mosquitoes. here, we present the complete 4.67-mb genome of the who entomopathogenic reference strain l. sphaericus 2362, which is probably one of the most commercialized and studied strains. genes coding for mosquitocidal toxin proteins were detected. | 2016 | 27284157 |
| analysis of self-assembly of s-layer protein slp-b53 from lysinibacillus sphaericus. | the formation of stable and functional surface layers (s-layers) via self-assembly of surface-layer proteins on the cell surface is a dynamic and complex process. s-layers facilitate a number of important biological functions, e.g., providing protection and mediating selective exchange of molecules and thereby functioning as molecular sieves. furthermore, s-layers selectively bind several metal ions including uranium, palladium, gold, and europium, some of them with high affinity. most current r ... | 2017 | 27270294 |
| adsorption of toxic metals and control of mosquitos-borne disease by lysinibacillus sphaericus: dual benefits for health and environment. | assessment of the bacterium l. sphaericus as a dual-action candidate for biological control of mosquito-borne diseases and bioremediation of toxic metals. | 2016 | 27109129 |
| directed evolution of leucine dehydrogenase for improved efficiency of l-tert-leucine synthesis. | l-tert-leucine and its derivatives are used as synthetic building blocks for pharmaceutical active ingredients, chiral auxiliaries, and ligands. leucine dehydrogenase (leudh) is frequently used to prepare l-tert-leucine from the α-keto acid precursor trimethylpyruvate (tmp). in this study, a high-throughput screening method for the l-tert-leucine synthesis reaction based on a spectrophotometric approach was developed. directed evolution strategy was applied to engineer leudh from lysinibacillus ... | 2016 | 26898942 |
| au-interaction of slp1 polymers and monolayer from lysinibacillus sphaericus jg-b53 - qcm-d, icp-ms and afm as tools for biomolecule-metal studies. | in this publication the gold sorption behavior of surface layer (s-layer) proteins (slp1) of lysinibacillus sphaericus jg-b53 is described. these biomolecules arrange in paracrystalline two-dimensional arrays on surfaces, bind metals, and are thus interesting for several biotechnical applications, such as biosorptive materials for the removal or recovery of different elements from the environment and industrial processes. the deposition of au(0) nanoparticles on s-layers, either by s-layer direc ... | 2016 | 26863150 |
| complete genome sequence of lysinibacillus sphaericus b1-cda, a bacterium that accumulates arsenic. | here, we report the genomic sequence and genetic composition of an arsenic-resistant bacterium, lysinibacillus sphaericus b1-cda. assembly of the sequencing reads revealed that the genome size is ~4.5 mb, encompassing ~80% of the chromosomal dna. | 2016 | 26798084 |
| interaction of lysinibacillus sphaericus cry48aa/cry49aa toxin with midgut brush-border membrane fractions from culex quinquefasciatus larvae. | the cry48aa/cry49aa mosquitocidal toxin from lysinibacillus sphaericus was uniquely composed of a three-domain (cry) toxin and binary (bin) toxin-like protein, with high toxicity against culex spp. however, its mode of action against the target mosquitoes is still unknown. in this study, cry48aa, cry49aa and its n- and c-terminal truncated proteins were expressed and purified, and the binding affinities of the purified proteins with midgut brush-border membrane fractions (bbmfs) from culex quin- ... | 2016 | 26748768 |
| application of modified-alginate encapsulated carbonate producing bacteria in concrete: a promising strategy for crack self-healing. | self-healing concrete holds promising benefits to reduce the cost for concrete maintenance and repair as cracks are autonomously repaired without any human intervention. in this study, the application of a carbonate precipitating bacterium bacillus sphaericus was explored. regarding the harsh condition in concrete, b. sphaericus spores were first encapsulated into a modified-alginate based hydrogel (am-h) which was proven to have a good compatibility with the bacteria and concrete regarding the ... | 2015 | 26528254 |
| colorimetric as (v) detection based on s-layer functionalized gold nanoparticles. | herein, we present simple and rapid colorimetric and uv/vis spectroscopic methods for detecting anionic arsenic (v) complexes in aqueous media. the methods exploit the aggregation of s-layer-functionalized spherical gold nanoparticles of sizes between 20 and 50 nm in the presence of arsenic species. the gold nanoparticles were functionalized with oligomers of the s-layer protein of lysinibacillus sphaericus jg-a12. the aggregation of the nanoparticles results in a color change from burgundy-red ... | 2015 | 26452816 |
| anopheles gambiae ag55 cell line as a model for lysinibacillus sphaericus bin toxin action. | binary toxin (bin) produced by lysinibacillus sphaericus is toxic to culex and anopheles mosquito larvae. it has been used world-wide for control of mosquitoes that vector disease. the bin toxin interacts with the glucosidase receptor, cpm1, in culex and its orthologue, agm3, in anopheles mosquitoes. however, the exact mechanism of its mode of action is not clearly understood. it is essential to understand mode of action of bin toxin to circumvent the resistance that develops over generations of ... | 2015 | 26408969 |
| interaction of lysinibacillus sphaericus binary toxin with mosquito larval gut cells: binding and internalization. | the binary toxin produced by lysinibacillus sphaericus is composed of bina and binb subunits. together, but not separately, the two subunits are highly toxic to culex quinquefasciatus larvae, but show no toxicity to aedes aegypti. the molecular mechanism underlying intoxication has not been clearly elucidated. the present study compares the binding and the internalization of binary toxin into the midgut epithelial cells of susceptible c. quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae with those of bin-refract ... | 2015 | 26408968 |
| comparative genome analysis of lysinibacillus b1-cda, a bacterium that accumulates arsenics. | previously, we reported an arsenic resistant bacterium lysinibacillus sphaericus b1-cda, isolated from an arsenic contaminated lands. here, we have investigated its genetic composition and evolutionary history by using massively parallel sequencing and comparative analysis with other known lysinibacillus genomes. assembly of the sequencing reads revealed a genome of ~4.5 mb in size encompassing ~80% of the chromosomal dna. we found that the set of ordered contigs contains abundant regions of sim ... | 2015 | 26387925 |
| biochemical analysis of pistol self-cleaving ribozymes. | pistol rnas are members of a distinct class of self-cleaving ribozymes that was recently discovered by using a bioinformatics search strategy. several hundred pistol ribozymes share a consensus sequence including 10 highly conserved nucleotides and many other modestly conserved nucleotides associated with specific secondary structure features, including three base-paired stems and a pseudoknot. a representative pistol ribozyme from the bacterium lysinibacillus sphaericus was found to promote rna ... | 2015 | 26385507 |
| assessment of reactive catch basin larvicide treatments toward improved water quality using fourstar(®) briquets and cocobear™ larvicide oil. | because it is often logistically impossible to monitor all catch basins within an operational area, local mosquito control programs will preemptively treat catch basins with larvicides each season. however, these larvicides can, ostensibly, be considered water quality pollutants. to experimentally reduce the use of larvicides toward improving water quality, 30 basins within a small 0.7-km(2) residential area were monitored weekly for the presence of larvae and pupae for 14 wk in the summer of 20 ... | 2015 | 26375912 |
| nanopatterning of magnetic crni prussian blue nanoparticles using a bacterial s-layer as a biotemplate. | we have developed a simple process to fabricate on a bioplatform patterns of nanoparticles of a molecule-based magnet. nanoparticles of the ferromagnetic prussian blue derivative csxni[cr(cn)6] were orderly deposited onto s-layers of lysinibacillus sphaericus, forming a dense carpet of nanoparticles following the square lattice (p4) pattern of the biotemplate. these results are encouraging to extend this approach by focusing on molecule-based magnets patterned into domains with controlled shapes ... | 2015 | 26151829 |
| co-selection and replacement of resistance alleles to lysinibacillus sphaericus in a culex quinquefasciatus colony. | the cqm1 α-glucosidase, expressed within the midgut of culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae, is the receptor for the binary toxin (bin) from the entomopathogen lysinibacillus sphaericus. mutations of the cqm1 α-glucosidase gene cause high resistance levels to this bacterium in both field and laboratory populations, and a previously described allele, cqm1rec, was found to be associated with a laboratory-resistant colony (r2362). this study described the identification of a novel resistance alle ... | 2015 | 26131741 |
| application of mixed modal resin for purification of a fibrinolytic enzyme. | recent advances in purification technologies for therapeutic molecules have stirred the research consortium. mixed mode chromatography, having multiple interactions with the solute molecule, has drawn significant attention due to its overall advantage over traditional ion-exchange and reverse-phase chromatography. capto adhere, a mixed mode chromatography resin with strong anion-exchange and reverse-phase interaction with solutes, was explored for purification of fibrinolytic enzyme from bacillu ... | 2016 | 26011177 |
| lysinibacillus sphaericus binary toxin induces apoptosis in susceptible culex quinquefasciatus larvae. | during sporulation, a gram-positive bacterium lysinibacillus sphaericus (ls) produces the mosquito larvicidal binary toxin composed of 2 subunits, bina and binb. full toxicity against culex and anopheles mosquito larvae is achieved when both subunits are administered together at equimolar amounts. although cellular responses to bin toxin have been reported in previous studies, it remains essential to extensively examine the cytopathic effects in vivo to define the underlying mechanism of larval ... | 2015 | 25958262 |
| design of a single chambered microbial electrolytic cell reactor for production of biohydrogen from rice straw hydrolysate. | rice straw was pretreated using a microwave-assisted alkali pretreatment method. cellulose recovery was approximately 82 %. this material was hydrolysed in an optimized enzymatic saccharification reaction using cellulase from lysinibacillus sphaericus. this resulted in saccharification of 49 % of cellulosic biomass into glucose. a single chambered microbial electrolytic cell reactor of volume 2l was built using acrylic plastic sheets with graphite sheet as anode and a stainless-steel mesh as cat ... | 2015 | 25650347 |
| polyphosphate kinase of lysinibacillus sphaericus and its effects on accumulation of polyphosphate and bacterial growth. | lysinibacillus sphaericus produces parasporal crystal proteins (bin toxins) that are specifically toxic to culex and anopheles mosquito larvae. it has long persistence in mosquito breeding sites due to the recycle of spores in mosquito cadaver and certain environments. this bacterium is unable to metabolize sugar (except n-acetylglucosamine) but can use proteinaceous materials. previous studies have shown that inorganic polyphosphate (polyp) is essential for cell growth and responses to nutritio ... | 2015 | 25541179 |
| ion-specific control of the self-assembly dynamics of a nanostructured protein lattice. | self-assembling proteins offer a potential means of creating nanostructures with complex structure and function. however, using self-assembly to create nanostructures with long-range order whose size is tunable is challenging, because the kinetics and thermodynamics of protein interactions depend sensitively on solution conditions. here we systematically investigate the impact of varying solution conditions on the self-assembly of sbpa, a surface-layer protein from lysinibacillus sphaericus that ... | 2015 | 25494454 |
| a two-step process for efficient enzymatic saccharification of rice straw. | response surface methodology was used to optimise a two-step process of cellulase mediated saccharification of rice straw by an isolated bacterium lysinibacillus sphaericus. cmc concentration, yeast extract, ph and incubation temperature were optimised for cellulase production using a central composite design and their optimum values were determined to be 4.3% (w/v), 2.1% (w/v), 6.2 and 45.2 °c respectively. the cmcase activity at these values was 5.16±0.07 u/ml, which was 2.5 times that of the ... | 2014 | 25305650 |
| investigation of metal sorption behavior of slp1 from lysinibacillus sphaericus jg-b53: a combined study using qcm-d, icp-ms and afm. | surface layer proteins (s-layer) of lysinibacillus sphaericus jg-b53 are biological compounds with several bio-based technical applications such as biosorptive materials for metal removal or rare metals recovery from the environment. despite their well-described applications, a deeper understanding of their metal sorption behavior still remains challenging. the metal sorption ability of au(3+), pd(2+), pt(2+) and eu(3+) was investigated by icp-ms, afm and qcm-d which enables the sorption detecti ... | 2014 | 25273819 |
| a novel transcriptional activator, tubx, is required for the stability of bacillus sphaericus mosquitocidal plasmid pbsph. | stable maintenance of the low-copy-number plasmid pbsph in bacillus sphaericus requires a partitioning (par) system that consists of a filament-forming protein, b. sphaericus tubz (tubz-bs); a centromere-binding protein, tubr-bs; and a centromere-like dna site, tubc, composed of three blocks (i, ii, and iii) of 12-bp degenerate repeats. previous studies have shown that mini-pbsph replicons encoding the tubz system are segregationally highly unstable, whereas the native pbsph is stably maintained ... | 2014 | 25266379 |
| isolation and characterization of a lysinibacillus strain b1-cda showing potential for bioremediation of arsenics from contaminated water. | the main objective of this study was to identify and isolate arsenic resistant bacteria that can be used for removing arsenic from the contaminated environment. here we report a soil borne bacterium, b1-cda that can serve this purpose. b1-cda was isolated from the soil of a cultivated land in chuadanga district located in the southwest region of bangladesh. the morphological, biochemical and 16s rrna analysis suggested that the isolate belongs to lysinibacillus sphaericus. the minimum inhibitory ... | 2014 | 25072766 |
| lysinibacillus varians sp. nov., an endospore-forming bacterium with a filament-to-rod cell cycle. | six gram-stain-positive, motile, filamentous and/or rod-shaped, spherical spore-forming bacteria (strains gy32(t), l31, f01, f03, f06 and f07) showing polybrominated diphenyl ether transformation were investigated to determine their taxonomic status. after spore germination, these organisms could grow more than one hundred microns long as intact single cells and then divide into rod cells and form endospores in 33 h. the cell-wall peptidoglycan of these strains was type a4α, the predominant mena ... | 2014 | 25070216 |
| crystal structure of binb: a receptor binding component of the binary toxin from lysinibacillus sphaericus. | the binary toxin (bin), produced by lysinibacillus sphaericus, is composed of bina (42 kda) and binb (51 kda) proteins, which are both required for full toxicity against culex and anopheles mosquito larvae. specificity of bin toxin is determined by the binding of binb component to a receptor present on the midgut epithelial membranes, while bina is proposed to be a toxic component. here, we determined the first crystal structure of the active form of binb at a resolution of 1.75 å. binb possesse ... | 2014 | 24975613 |
| ultrasound assisted production of a fibrinolytic enzyme in a bioreactor. | the present work illustrates ultrasound assisted production of a fibrinolytic enzyme at 1l bioreactor scale from bacillus sphaericus mtcc 3672. to alleviate the shortcomings of one factor at a time method of optimization, central composite rotatable design of response surface methodology was employed for optimization of ultrasound assisted production. different process parameters such as irradiation time, duty cycle and power of ultrasound were varied in 3 different levels in 11 experimental run ... | 2015 | 24889547 |
| non conserved residues between cqm1 and aam1 mosquito α-glucosidases are critical for the capacity of cqm1 to bind the binary toxin from lysinibacillus sphaericus. | the binary (bin) toxin from the entomopathogenic bacterium lysinibacillus sphaericus acts on larvae of the culicid culex quinquefasciatus through its binding to cqm1, a midgut-bound α-glucosidase. specific binding by the binb subunit to the cqm1 receptor is essential for toxicity however the toxin is unable to bind to the cqm1 ortholog from the refractory species aedes aegypti (aam1). here, to investigate the molecular basis for the interaction between cqm1 and binb, recombinant cqm1 and aam1 we ... | 2014 | 24746772 |
| a new tubrz operon involved in the maintenance of the bacillus sphaericus mosquitocidal plasmid pbsph. | pbsph is a mosquitocidal plasmid first identified from bacillus sphaericus, encoding binary toxins (bin toxins) that are highly toxic to mosquito larvae. this plasmid plays an important role in the maintenance and evolution of the bin genes in b. sphaericus. however, little is known about its replication and partitioning. here, we identified a 2.4 kb minimal replicon of pbsph plasmid that contained an operon encoding tubr-bs and tubz-bs, each of which was shown to be required for plasmid replica ... | 2014 | 24728200 |
| anticancer activity of binary toxins from lysinibacillus sphaericus iab872 against human lung cancer cell line a549. | the inhibitory effect of binary toxic (bin) protein produced by lysinibacillus sphaericus iab872 on cell proliferation of human lung, liver, stomach and cervical tumor cell lines was assessed using mtt assay. the effect of bin protein on a549 cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration and invasion were examined by mtt assay, western blotting, immunocytochemical staining, flow cytometry assay and wound-healing assay. results showed that bin protein inhibits proliferation of a range of h ... | 2014 | 24660476 |
| polymeric macroporous formulations for the control release of mosquitocidal bacillus sphaericus ispc-8. | bio-polymeric mosquitocidal formulations were developed for the control release of bacillus sphaericus ispc-8 by the immobilization of its spore-crystal complex onto the macroporous polymeric matrices. the biodegradable formulations were synthesized at sub-zero temperature using natural polymeric substrates like agarose, alginate, cellulose, non-adsorbent cotton, wooden cork powder and also magnetite nanoparticles. the obtained polymeric matrices were morphologically characterized, which showed ... | 2013 | 24315643 |
| isolation, identification and cyfluthrin-degrading potential of a novel lysinibacillus sphaericus strain, flq-11-1. | strain flq-11-1, isolated from sewage sludge, was able to degrade cyfluthrin and was identified as lysinibacillus sphaericus based on its morphology, 16s rrna sequence and fatty acid methyl ester (fame) analyses. this strain could use cyfluthrin as its carbon or nitrogen source. response surface methodology (rsm) analysis showed that the optimum conditions for degradation were at ph 7.0 and 35 °c, using an inoculum amount with an od600nm value of 1.6. under these conditions, approximately 80.4% ... | 2014 | 24287233 |
| ultrasound assisted three phase partitioning of a fibrinolytic enzyme. | the present investigation is aimed at ultrasound assisted three phase partitioning (uatpp) of a fibrinolytic enzyme from bacillus sphaericus mtcc 3672. three phase partitioning integrates the concentration and partial purification step of downstream processing of a biomolecule. three phase system is formed with simultaneous addition of ammonium sulfate to crude broth and followed by t-butanol. uatpp of a fibrinolytic enzyme was studied by varying different process parameters such as ammonium sul ... | 2014 | 24184008 |
| enzymatic transformation of nitro-aromatic compounds by a flavin-free nadh azoreductase from lysinibacillus sphaericus. | azo dyes and nitro-aromatic compounds are the largest group of pollutants released in the environment as industrial wastes. they create serious health and environmental problems. azoreductases catalyze the reduction of azo dyes and nitro compounds to their respective amines. an azoreductase was purified up to 12-fold from lysinibacillus sphaericus using ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. it was optimally active at ph 7.4 and 75 °c. it was stable at 70 °c for 30 min. the purified enz ... | 2014 | 24068503 |
| genotypic diversity of mosquitocidal bacteria (bacillus sphaericus, b. thuringiensis, and b. cereus) newly isolated from natural sources. | in the present study, to comprehend the genetic diversity of mosquitocidal bacteria, the genotypic analysis of 30 strains of bacillus species isolated newly from diverse environmental sources has been conducted. randomly amplified polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction was conducted to characterize the genotype diversity between the bacterial strains. the matrix of scores from each bacterial dna was analyzed, and the correlation between the co-efficients and the similarity matrix data was com ... | 2013 | 24037518 |
| utilization of proteinaceous materials for power generation in a mediatorless microbial fuel cell by a new electrogenic bacteria lysinibacillus sphaericus va5. | in this study, a bacterial strain, lysinibacillus sphaericus which is relatively new in the vast list of biocatalysts known to produce electricity has been tested for its potential in power production. it is cited from the literature that the organism is deficient in some sugar or polysaccharide processing enzymes and thus is tested for its ability to utilize substrates mainly rich in protein components like beef extract and with successive production of electricity. the particular species has b ... | 2013 | 24034433 |
| identification and characterization of two novel toxins expressed by the lethal honey bee pathogen paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of american foulbrood. | paenibacillus larvae is a gram-positive bacterial pathogen causing the epizootic american foulbrood in honey bee larvae. four so-called enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric) genotypes of p. larvae exist with p. larvae genotypes eric i and eric ii being responsible for disease outbreaks all over the world. very few molecular data on the pathogen, on pathogenesis or on virulence factors exist. we now identified two genomic loci in p. larvae eric i coding for two binary ab toxins, ... | 2013 | 23992535 |
| interaction between mosquito-larvicidal lysinibacillus sphaericus binary toxin components: analysis of complex formation. | the two components (bina and binb) of lysinibacillus sphaericus binary toxin together are highly toxic to culex and anopheles mosquito larvae, and have been employed world-wide to control mosquito borne diseases. upon binding to the membrane receptor an oligomeric form (bina2.binb2) of the binary toxin is expected to play role in pore formation. it is not clear if these two proteins interact in solution as well, in the absence of receptor. the interactions between active forms of bina and binb p ... | 2013 | 23974012 |
| genome sequence of lysinibacillus sphaericus strain kctc 3346t. | lysinibacillus sphaericus is a heterogeneous species that includes strains that produce mosquitocidal toxin proteins. herein, we report the 4.56-mb draft genome sequence of the nonpathogenic l. sphaericus strain kctc 3346(t), which provides clues for the phylogenetic reassessment of l. sphaericus species and an understanding of its physiological properties. | 2013 | 23950128 |
| the histidine-phosphocarrier protein of the phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system of bacillus sphaericus self-associates. | the phosphotransferase system (pts) is involved in the use of carbon sources in bacteria. bacillus sphaericus, a bacterium with the ability to produce insecticidal proteins, is unable to use hexoses and pentoses as the sole carbon source, but it has ptshi genes encoding the two general proteins of the pts: enzyme i (ei) and the histidine phosphocarrier (hpr). in this work, we describe the biophysical and structural properties of hpr from b. sphaericus, hpr(bs), and its affinity towards ei of oth ... | 2013 | 23922699 |
| ultrasound stimulated production of a fibrinolytic enzyme. | the present study is aimed at enhanced production of a fibrinolytic enzyme from bacillus sphaericus mtcc 3672 under ultrasonic stimulation. various process parameters viz; irradiation at different growth phases, ultrasonication power, irradiation duration, duty cycle and multiple irradiation were studied for enhancement of fibrinolytic enzyme productivity. the optimum conditions were found as follows, irradiation of ultrasonic waves to fermentation broth at 12 h of growth phase with 25 khz frequ ... | 2014 | 23810338 |
| surface-layer lattices as patterning element for multimeric extremozymes. | a promising new approach for the production of biocatalysts comprises the use of surface-layer (s-layer) lattices that present functional multimeric enzymes on their surface, thereby guaranteeing most accurate spatial distribution and orientation, as well as maximal effectiveness and stability of these enzymes. for proof of concept, a tetrameric and a trimeric extremozyme are chosen for the construction of s-layer/extremozyme fusion proteins. by using a flexible peptide linker, either one monome ... | 2013 | 23757161 |
| biological treatment of gaseous emissions containing dimethyl sulphide generated from pulp and paper industry. | a bench scale biofilter packed with compost and wood chips seeded with potential dms degrading culture (bacillus sphaericus) could efficiently remove dms from ambient air with removal efficiency (re%) of 71 ± 11 at an effective bed contact time (ebct) of 360 ± 20s with loading rate in the range of 4-28 gdms/m(3)/h. further, the same biofilter operated for the treatment of vent gas generated from a p&p industry indicated dms removal of 61 ± 18% at optimal ebct of 360 ± 25s with a loading rate in ... | 2013 | 23748090 |
| amino acid residues in the n-terminal region of the binb subunit of lysinibacillus sphaericus binary toxin play a critical role during receptor binding and membrane insertion. | the binary toxin produced by lysinibacillus sphaericus is composed of bina and binb subunits that work together in governing toxicity against mosquito larvae. bina is proposed to be important for toxicity, whereas binb has been shown to act as a specific receptor-binding component. the precise function of both subunits, however, is not well established. here, we investigated the function of the n-terminal region of binb subunit initially by introducing triple alanine substitutions at positions 3 ... | 2013 | 23743006 |