| the role of microbiota in hepatic encephalopathy. | hepatic encephalopathy (he), which consists of minimal (mhe) and overt (ohe) stages, is a model for impaired gut-liver-brain axis in cirrhosis. microbiota changes in both stages have been associated with impaired cognition, endotoxemia, and inflammation. there is dysbiosis (reduced autochthonous taxa [lachnospiraceae, ruminococcaceae, and clostridiales xiv] and increased enterobacteriaceae and streptococcaceae) with disease progression. in mhe, there is an increased abundance of streptococcus sa ... | 2017 | 24690956 |
| [meningitis caused by streptococcus salivarius]. | | 2014 | 24676246 |
| theoretical investigation of bacteria polarizability under direct current electric fields. | we present a theoretical model to investigate the influence of soft polyelectrolyte layers on bacteria polarizability. we resolve soft-layer electrokinetics by considering the ph-dependent dissociation of ionogenic groups and specific interactions of ionogenic groups with the bulk electrolyte to go beyond approximating soft-layer electrokinetics as surface conduction. we model the electrokinetics around a soft particle by modified poisson-nernst-planck equations (pnp) to account for the effects ... | 2014 | 24665921 |
| biofilm formation of salivary microbiota on dental restorative materials analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and sequencing. | the microbial diversity of biofilms formed on the surfaces of amalgam, glass-ionomer cement, and resin composite was analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). the v2-v3 region of salivary microbial 16s rdna gene sequences of planktonic and biofilm bacteria, after 1 day and 1 week of incubation, was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and analyzed by dgge. the amounts of strongly adherent phylotypes after 1 day and 1 week on the three dental restorative materials were m ... | 2014 | 24598237 |
| destructive subependymal cysts following ventriculitis-pathomechanisms and treatment. | ventriculitis may complicate neurosurgical procedures, for example, due to shunt or external ventricular drainage infection. clearance of the infection with subsequent intravenous antibiotic therapy and shunt reinsertion, if necessary, are the standard treatment procedures with a high rate of success. here, we report on a protracted complication, the development of destructive subependymal cysts, illustrate its treatment and discuss the pathomechanisms. the 2-year-and-9-month-old girl was admitt ... | 2014 | 24390861 |
| diagnosis and treatment strategies for community-acquired streptococcus salivarius meningitis. | | 2014 | 24274977 |
| anti-inflammatory properties of streptococcus salivarius, a commensal bacterium of the oral cavity and digestive tract. | streptococcus salivarius is one of the first colonizers of the human oral cavity and gut after birth and therefore may contribute to the establishment of immune homeostasis and regulation of host inflammatory responses. the anti-inflammatory potential of s. salivarius was first evaluated in vitro on human intestinal epithelial cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. we show that live s. salivarius strains inhibited in vitro the activation of the nf-κb pathway on intestinal epithelial ... | 2014 | 24271166 |
| enhanced production, purification, characterization and mechanism of action of salivaricin 9 lantibiotic produced by streptococcus salivarius nu10. | lantibiotics are small lanthionine-containing bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria. salivaricin 9 is a newly discovered lantibiotic produced by streptococcus salivarius. in this study we present the mechanism of action of salivaricin 9 and some of its properties. also we developed new methods to produce and purify the lantibiotic from strain nu10. | 2013 | 24147072 |
| large-scale survey of gut microbiota associated with mhe via 16s rrna-based pyrosequencing. | elucidating the minimal hepatic encephalopathy (mhe)-associated gut microbiome may help in predicting and lowering the high risk for mhe in patients with cirrhosis. | 2013 | 23877352 |
| in vitro cpc retention and vsc adsorption by ipm oil droplets: possible mechanisms of action of a two phase mouthwash. | two phase oil-water mouthwash has been previously shown to efficiently bind oral microorganisms, relying on their cell surface hydrophobicity. the aim of the present in vitro study was to test the cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc) retention and volatile sulfide compounds (vscs) adsorption abilities of the oil droplets created by mixing of a two phase oil-water solution. vsc adsorption was assayed using a salivary incubation assay and garlic powder solutions, and demonstrated using microscopic sulfi ... | 2013 | 23867541 |
| subacute bacterial endocarditis presenting as left upper quadrant abdominal pain. | infective endocarditis is a microbial infection of the endocardial surface of the heart. its symptoms and signs are varied, and include fever, heart murmur, peripheral embolism, and heart failure. the diagnosis of subacute bacterial endocarditis (sbe) is suggested by a history of an indolent process characterized by fever, fatigue, anorexia, and unexplained weight loss. these patients may have had an invasive procedure, such as dental work, or abused intravenous drugs prior to the diagnosis of s ... | 2013 | 23806806 |
| rapid interferon-gamma release from natural killer cells induced by a streptococcal commensal. | interferon-gamma (ifn-γ) is a critical cytokine for the initiation of immune responses against a variety of infectious agents and malignancies. we found that a range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria stimulated the rapid release (<24 h) of ifn-γ from murine leukocytes. using fluorescence activated cell sorting and cd1d(-/-) and rag1(-/-) mice, we determined that dendritic cells (dcs) and natural killer (nk) cells were primarily responsible for ifn-γ release by streptococcus salivarius, ... | 2013 | 23659669 |
| comparative molecular analysis of ovine and bovine streptococcus uberis isolates. | streptococcus uberis causes clinical and subclinical mastitis in cattle and sheep, but it is unknown whether the composition of strep. uberis populations differs between host species. to address this, we characterized a collection of bovine and ovine strep. uberis isolates with shared geographical and temporal origins by means of an expanded multilocus sequence typing scheme. among 14 ovine and 35 bovine isolates, 35 allelic profiles were detected. each allelic profile was associated with a sing ... | 2013 | 23200465 |
| genome sequence of the lantibiotic bacteriocin producer streptococcus salivarius strain k12. | streptococcus salivarius is a prevalent commensal species of the oropharyngeal tract. s. salivarius strain k12 is an isolate from the saliva of a healthy child, used as an oral probiotic. here, we report its genome sequence, i.e., the full sequence of the 190-kb megaplasmid pssal-k12 and a high-quality draft 2.2-gb chromosomal sequence. | 2012 | 23045482 |
| complete genome sequence of streptococcus salivarius ps4, a strain isolated from human milk. | streptococcus salivarius is a commensal species commonly found in the human oropharyngeal tract. some strains of this species have been developed for use as oral probiotics, while others have been associated with a variety of opportunistic human infections. here, we report the complete sequence of strain ps4, which was isolated from breast milk of a healthy woman. | 2012 | 22843595 |
| [case of streptococcus salivarius bacteremia/meningoencephalitis leading to discovery of early gastric cancer]. | a 73-year old man was brought to our hospital because of acute onset of fever and consciousness disturbance. he had been hemodialyzed three times a week because of chronic renal failure since 13 years ago. neurological examination revealed deteriorated consciousness and neck stiffness. a lumbar puncture yielded clouded fluid with a wbc 7,912/mm³ (polymorphonuclear cells 88%, mononuclear cells 12%), 786 mg/dl of protein and 4 mg/dl of glucose (blood glucose 118 mg/dl). brain ct and mri were unrem ... | 2012 | 22688117 |
| streptococcus salivarius causing multiple liver abscesses in a patient with situs inversus. | | 2012 | 22439778 |
| using pcr-based detection and genotyping to trace streptococcus salivarius meningitis outbreak strain to oral flora of radiology physician assistant. | we recently investigated three cases of bacterial meningitis that were reported from a midwestern radiology clinic where facemasks were not worn during spinal injection of contrast agent during myelography procedures. using pulsed field gel electrophoresis we linked a case strain of s. salivarius to an oral specimen of a radiology physician assistant (rpa). we also used a real-time pcr assay to detect s. salivarius dna within a culture-negative cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimen. here we extend ... | 2012 | 22384169 |
| [streptococcus salivarius cellulitis and bacteremia in a cirrhotic patient]. | | 2012 | 22260756 |
| extended safety data for the oral cavity probiotic streptococcus salivarius k12. | previous studies of the bacteriocin-producing streptococcus salivarius k12 monitored a variety of intrinsic strain characteristics of potential relevance to its application as an oral probiotic in humans. these included the content of antibiotic resistance and virulence determinants, the production of deleterious metabolic by-products and its genetic stability. in the present study, we examined additional safety factors including the responses of rats to either short- or long-term oral dosing wi ... | 2010 | 26781236 |
| streptococcus salivarius meningitis: a case report and literature review. | twelve hours after spinal anaesthesia, a 61-year-old patient developed meningitis with fever, somnolence, headache and stiffness of the neck. the cerebrospinal fluid was found to contain 5.279/mm(3) cells (95 granulocytes), 12.800 mg/l protein and 14.0 mmol/l lactate. streptococcus salivarius was detected in the culture. the patient was treated with antibiotics (initially cefotaxime, fosfomycin and gentamycin, later piperacillin and sulbactam). restitutio ad integrum took place after 7 days. thi ... | 1997 | 24283828 |
| zinc supplementation alone is effective for partial amelioration of methotrexate-induced intestinal damage. | chemotherapeutic agents such as methotrexate (mtx) are commonly used in the treatment of cancer. mtx is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug that targets folate production in rapidly dividing intestinal cells during deoxyribonucleic acid/ribonucleic acid (dna/rna) synthesis, thus indiscriminately diminishing enterocyte numbers and disrupting brush-border enzyme activities. the resultant damage leads to a debilitating condition known as intestinal mucositis. new treatment strategies need to be d ... | 2015 | 26308757 |
| screening of aqueous extracts of medicinal herbs for antimicrobial activity against oral bacteria. | dental caries is considered to be a preventable disease, and various antimicrobial agents have been developed for the prevention of dental diseases; however, many bacteria show resistance to existing agents. in this study, 14 medicinal herbs were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against five common oral bacteria as a screen for potential candidates for the development of natural antibiotics. | 2013 | 28664049 |
| synthesis and antimicrobial activity of chiral quaternary n-spiro ammonium bromides with 3',4'-dihydro-1'h-spiro[isoindoline-2,2'-isoquinoline] skeleton. | a new class of highly functionalized tetrahydroisoquinolines with a quaternary carbon stereocenter was synthesized starting from an easily accessible l-tartaric acid. nine strains of bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus mutans, streptococcus salivarius, bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, moraxella catarrhalis, escherichia coli, campylobacter jejuni) were used for the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimal bactericidal concentr ... | 2017 | 28740363 |
| production of a functional frozen yogurt fortified with bifidobacterium spp. | frozen dairy products have characteristics of both yogurt and ice cream and could be the persuasive carriers of probiotics. functions of the frozen yogurt containing viable bifidobacterial cells are recognized and favored by the people of all ages. we developed a kind of yogurt supplemented by bifidobacterium species. firstly, five strains of bifidobacterium spp. (bifidobacterium bifidum atcc 11547, bifidobacterium longum atcc 11549, bifidobacterium infantis atcc 11551, bifidobacterium adolescen ... | 2017 | 28691028 |
| probiotic yogurt and acidified milk similarly reduce postprandial inflammation and both alter the gut microbiota of healthy, young men. | probiotic yogurt and milk supplemented with probiotics have been investigated for their role in 'low-grade' inflammation but evidence for their efficacy is inconclusive. this study explores the impact of probiotic yogurt on metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, with a parallel study of gut microbiota dynamics. the randomised cross-over study was conducted in fourteen healthy, young men to test probiotic yogurt compared with milk acidified with 2 % d-(+)-glucono-δ-lactone during a 2-week interve ... | 2017 | 28558854 |
| antimicrobial potential of plant extracts and chemical fractions of sideroxylon obtusifolium (roem. & schult.) t.d. penn on oral microorganisms. | the aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and chemical fractions of sideroxylon obtusifolium t.d. penn on streptococcus mutans, streptococcus oralis, streptococcus salivarius, streptococcus parasanguinis, and candida albicans as well as to identify the chemical classes found in the bioactive extracts possessing better activity. | 2017 | 28512279 |
| diversity of integrative and conjugative elements of streptococcus salivarius and their intra- and interspecies transfer. | integrative and conjugative elements (ices) are widespread chromosomal mobile genetic elements which can transfer autonomously by conjugation in bacteria. thirteen ices with a conjugation module closely related to that of icest3 of streptococcus thermophilus were characterized in streptococcus salivarius by whole-genome sequencing. sequence comparison highlighted ice evolution by shuffling of 3 different integration/excision modules (for integration in the 3' end of the fda, rpsi, or rpmg gene) ... | 2017 | 28432093 |
| influence of chronic azithromycin treatment on the composition of the oropharyngeal microbial community in patients with severe asthma. | this study of the oropharyngeal microbiome complements the previously published azithromycin in severe asthma (azisast) clinical trial, where the use of azithromycin was assessed in subjects with exacerbation-prone severe asthma. here, we determined the composition of the oropharyngeal microbial community by means of deep sequencing of the amplified 16s rrna gene in oropharyngeal swabs from patients with exacerbation-prone severe asthma, at baseline and during and after 6 months treatment with a ... | 2017 | 28486933 |
| bacterial diversity of the colombian fermented milk "suero costeño" assessed by culturing and high-throughput sequencing and dgge analysis of 16s rrna gene amplicons. | "suero costeño" (sc) is a traditional soured cream elaborated from raw milk in the northern-caribbean coast of colombia. the natural microbiota that characterizes this popular colombian fermented milk is unknown, although several culturing studies have previously been attempted. in this work, the microbiota associated with sc from three manufacturers in two regions, "planeta rica" (córdoba) and "caucasia" (antioquia), was analysed by means of culturing methods in combination with high-throughput ... | 2017 | 28800820 |
| comparing the impact of ultrafine particles from petrodiesel and biodiesel combustion to bacterial metabolism by targeted hplc-ms/ms metabolic profiling. | alterations of gut bacterial metabolism play an important role in their host metabolism, and can result in diseases such as obesity and diabetes. while many factors were discovered influencing the gut bacterial metabolism, exposure to ultrafine particles (ufps) from engine combustions were recently proposed to be a potential risk factor for the perturbation of gut bacterial metabolism, and consequentially to obesity and diabetes development. this study focused on evaluation of how ufps from dies ... | 2017 | 28410499 |
| chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oils from leaves and flowers of eugenia klotzschiana berg (myrtaceae). | many essential oils (eos) of different plant species possess interesting antimicrobial effects on buccal bacteria and antioxidant properties. eugenia klotzschiana berg (pêra-do-cerrado, in portuguese) is a species of myrtaceae with restricted distribution in the cerrado. the essential oils were extracted through the hydrodistillation technique using a modified clevenger apparatus (2 hours) and chemically characterized by gc-ms. the major compounds were α-copaene (10.6 %) found in oil from leaves ... | 2017 | 28767890 |
| identification of emerging human mastitis pathogens by maldi-tof and assessment of their antibiotic resistance patterns. | lactational mastitis constitutes one of the main causes of undesired weaning, depriving the mother-infant pair from the benefits of breastfeeding; therefore, this condition should be considered a relevant public health issue. the role of specific microorganisms remains unclear since human milk cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing (ast) are not routinely performed, despite the fact that this would be key to ensure an early and effective diagnosis and treatment. the objective of this stu ... | 2017 | 28747897 |
| bacteriostatic effect of simvastatin on selected oral streptococci in vitro. | simvastatin is a widely used cholesterol-lowering drug, which has been found to have a number of pleiotropic effects. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of simvastatin against selected oral streptococci as determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic). | 2017 | 28566853 |
| antimicrobial effect of leaves of phyllanthus niruri and solanum nigrum on caries causing bacteria: an in vitro study. | solanum nigrum and phyllanthus niruri are common herbs which are indigeneous to india. solanum nigrum commonly called 'manathakkali keerai' in tamil, forms an indispensable part of south indian diet. phyllanthus niruri (keezhanelli in tamil) is a widely used medicinal plant, the leaves of which have been used extensively in ayurveda and native medicine to cure various liver ailments. the herbs solanumnigrum and phyllanthus niruri have been found to be effective against numerous enteropathogens i ... | 2017 | 28764202 |
| [construction of a low-ph-sensing system in streptococcus mutans]. | to construct a low-ph-sensing system in streptococcus mutans (s. mutans) and to visually detect the ph in situ. | 2017 | 28675006 |
| effect of winemaking on the composition of red wine as a source of polyphenols for anti-infective biomaterials. | biomaterials releasing bactericides have currently become tools for thwarting medical device-associated infections. the ideal anti-infective biomaterial must counteract infection while safeguarding eukaryotic cell integrity. red wine is a widely consumed beverage to which many biological properties are ascribed, including protective effects against oral infections and related bone (osteoarthritis, osteomyelitis, periprosthetic joint infections) and cardiovascular diseases. in this study, fifteen ... | 2016 | 28773444 |
| bacteriotherapy with streptococcus salivarius 24smb and streptococcus oralis 89a nasal spray for preventing recurrent acute otitis media in children: a real-life clinical experience. | recurrence of acute otitis media (raom) is a relevant issue in the clinical practice. "bacteriotherapy" has been proposed as an option in children with raom. streptococcus salivarius 24smb nasal spray has been previously demonstrated to reduce the risk of acute otitis media (aom) in otitis-prone children. the current retrospective and observational study aimed to confirm this outcome in a real-life setting, such as the common pediatric practice. group a (108 children) served as control; group b ... | 2017 | 28684920 |
| three glycosylated serine-rich repeat proteins play a pivotal role in adhesion and colonization of the pioneer commensal bacterium, streptococcus salivarius. | bacterial adhesion is a critical step for colonization of the host. the pioneer colonizer and commensal bacterium of the human gastrointestinal tract, streptococcus salivarius, has strong adhesive properties but the molecular determinants of this adhesion remain uncharacterized. serine-rich repeat (srr) glycoproteins are a family of adhesins that fulfil an important role in adhesion. in general, gram-positive bacterial genomes have a unique srr glycoprotein-encoding gene. we demonstrate that s. ... | 2017 | 28695648 |
| complete genome sequences of two human oral microbiome commensals, streptococcus salivarius atcc 25975 and s. salivarius atcc 27945. | streptococcus salivarius strains are significant contributors to the human oral microbiome. some possess unique fimbriae that give them the ability to coaggregate and colonize particular oral structures. we present here the complete genomes of streptococcus salivarius lancefield k(-)/k(+) strains atcc 25975 and atcc 27945, which can and cannot, respectively, produce fimbriae. | 2017 | 28619805 |
| oral flora in acute stroke patients: a prospective exploratory observational study. | to describe the bacterial profile of the oral flora during the first 2 weeks following a stroke, examining changes in the condition of the oral cavity and infections. | 2017 | 28543778 |