| effect of culture conditions on the production of tyrosine phenol-lyase by erwinia herbicola. | the effect of environmental parameters on the growth and the tyrosine phenol-lyase content of erwinia herbicola was investigated. on mineral medium containing glycerol, l-tyrosine increased the enzyme content 23-fold. when the l-tyrosine was also the carbon source, bacterial growth was 300 times greater than the basal level. on a rich medium, tyrosine phenol-lyase production was strongly dependent on ph and aeration. catabolite repression and induction both probably control enzyme content. | 1984 | 16346688 |
| type 1 fimbria-mediated adhesion of enteric bacteria to grass roots. | type 1 fimbriae of klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter agglomerans mediated bacterial adhesion to the roots of bluegrass, poa pratensis. purified, radiolabeled fimbriae bound to grass roots in vitro; binding was inhibited by alpha-methyl-d-mannoside or fab fragments to the fimbriae. anti-type 1 fimbriae fab fragments and alpha-methyl-d-mannoside also inhibited adhesion of type 1-fimbriated bacteria to p. pratensis roots. it is proposed that associative nitrogen fixation by klebsiella and ente ... | 1985 | 16346792 |
| microbial ecology of the gut in laboratory stocks of the migratory grasshopper, melanoplus sanguinipes (fab.) (orthoptera: acrididae). | mean ph values in pooled samples of foregut, midgut, and hindgut from adult melanoplus sanguinipes, which had been raised in the laboratory on barley shoots and wheat bran, were 5.15, 6.39, and 5.98, respectively. homogenates of midgut/hindgut sections and frass (feces) yielded colony counts of bacteria by the spread plate method of 5.7 to 5.9 and 5.3 to 5.5 log(10) colonies per mg, respectively; there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between counts obtained on several media or on medi ... | 1988 | 16347630 |
| characterization of rhizobacteria associated with weed seedlings. | rhizobacteria were isolated from seedlings of seven economically important weeds and characterized for potential phytopathogenicity, effects on seedling growth, and antibiosis to assess the possibility of developing deleterious rhizobacteria as biological control agents. the abundance and composition of rhizobacteria varied among the different weed species. for example, fluorescent pseudomonads represented from 11 to 42% of the total rhizobacterial populations from jimsonweed and lambsquarters, ... | 1990 | 16348208 |
| evaluation of methods for sampling, recovery, and enumeration of bacteria applied to the phylloplane. | determining the fate and survival of genetically engineered microorganisms released into the environment requires the development and application of accurate and practical methods of detection and enumeration. several experiments were performed to examine quantitative recovery methods that are commonly used or that have potential applications. in these experiments, erwinia herbicola and enterobacter cloacae were applied in greenhouses to blue lake bush beans (phaseolus vulgaris) and cayuse oats ... | 1991 | 16348404 |
| rapid in situ assay for indoleacetic acid production by bacteria immobilized on a nitrocellulose membrane. | we have developed a new assay that differentiates between indoleacetic acid (iaa)-producing and -nonproducing bacteria on a colony plate lift. medium supplemented with 5 mm l-tryptophan is inoculated with isolates of interest, overlaid with a nitrocellulose membrane, and then incubated until bacterial colonies reach 1 to 2 mm in diameter. the membrane is removed to a filter paper saturated with salkowski reagent and incubated until distinct red haloes form around the colonies. the colorimetric r ... | 1991 | 16348419 |
| quantification of frankia strains and other root-associated bacteria in pure cultures and in the rhizosphere of axenic seedlings by high-performance liquid chromatography-based muramic acid assay. | application of a high-performance liquid chromatography-based muramic acid assay with precolumn fluorescence derivatization to quantification of root-associated bacteria was studied both in pure cultures and in the rhizosphere of axenic festuca rubra seedlings. quantities of muramic acid from acid-hydrolyzed cells of frankia strains, streptomyces griseoviridis, enterobacter agglomerans, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas sp., and bacillus polymyxa were mostly proportional to the respective cell ... | 1994 | 16349413 |
| coexistence among epiphytic bacterial populations mediated through nutritional resource partitioning. | the levels of coexistence between pseudomonas syringae and various nonpathogenic epiphytic species in the phyllosphere of beans (phaseolus vulgaris) were assessed by using replacement series. the epiphytic species pseudomonas fluorescens, pantoea agglomerans, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and methylobacterium organophilum were all capable of exhibiting higher levels of coexistence with p. syringae than was observed with a near-isogenic p. syringae strain pair. the ecological similarity of the ep ... | 1994 | 16349462 |
| responses of the anaerobic bacterial community to addition of organic c in chromium(vi)- and iron(iii)-amended microcosms. | chromium (vi) is toxic to microorganisms and can inhibit the biodegradation of organic pollutants in contaminated soils. we used microcosms amended with either glucose or protein (to drive bacterial community change) and fe(iii) (to stimulate iron-reducing bacteria) to study the effect of various concentrations of cr(vi) on anaerobic bacterial communities. microcosms were destructively sampled based on microbial activity (measured as evolution of co2) and analyzed for the following: (i) dominant ... | 2006 | 16391100 |
| abundant and diverse fungal microbiota in the murine intestine. | enteric microbiota play a variety of roles in intestinal health and disease. while bacteria in the intestine have been broadly characterized, little is known about the abundance or diversity of enteric fungi. this study utilized a culture-independent method termed oligonucleotide fingerprinting of rrna genes (ofrg) to describe the compositions of fungal and bacterial rrna genes from small and large intestines (tissue and luminal contents) of restricted-flora and specific-pathogen-free mice. ofrg ... | 2006 | 16391120 |
| the genus hafnia: from soup to nuts. | the genus hafnia, a member of the family enterobacteriaceae, consists of gram-negative bacteria that are occasionally implicated in both intestinal and extraintestinal infections in humans. despite the fact that the genus currently contains only a single species (h. alvei), more extensive phylogenetic depth (two or more species) is apparent based upon dna relatedness and 16s rrna gene sequencing studies. hafnia causes a variety of systemic infections, including septicemia and pneumonia; however, ... | 2006 | 16418520 |
| health effects of exposure to herb dust in valerian growing farmers. | the aim of the present study was to determine the health status of farmers cultivating valerian (valeriana officinalis l.) and occupationally exposed to dust from this plant. a group of 75 valerian growing farmers were examined. as a reference group, 50 urban dwellers, not exposed to any kind of organic dust were examined. all people were interviewed for the presence of work-related symptoms and subjected to physical and spirometric examinations. skin prick tests were conducted with 4 microbial ... | 2005 | 16457481 |
| exposure to airborne microorganisms, dust and endotoxin during processing of peppermint and chamomile herbs on farms. | the aim of this study was to determine the levels of microorganisms, dust and endotoxin in the air during processing of peppermint (mentha piperita) and chamomile (matricaria recutita) by herb farmers, and to examine the species composition of airborne microflora. air samples were collected on glass fibre filters by use of personal samplers on 13 farms owned by herb cultivating farmers, located in lublin province (eastern poland). the concentrations of total viable microorganisms (bacteria + fun ... | 2005 | 16457486 |
| immunostimulative effects of repeated inhalation exposure to microvesicle-bound endotoxin of pantoea agglomerans. | rabbits exposed repeatedly to aerosols of endotoxin-containing microvesicles (ecmv) of the outer membrane of the pantoea agglomerans strain isolated from airborne grain dust showed a large increase in the concentration of circulating cytokines: total interferon (ifn), interleukin-1 alpha (il-1 alpha), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf alpha). the increase was significantly higher compared to animals exposed to control saline (p < 0.001). aerosol exposure to ecmv also induced the formation of ... | 2005 | 16457487 |
| comparative anatomy of gall development on gypsophila paniculata induced by bacteria with different mechanisms of pathogenicity. | galls induced on gypsophila paniculata by pantoea agglomerans pv. gypsophilae (pag) and agrobacterium tumefaciens (at), bacteria with different mechanisms of pathogenicity, were compared morphologically and anatomically. the pathogenicity of pag is dependent on the presence of an indigenous plasmid that harbors hrp gene cluster, genes encoding hop virulence proteins and biosynthetic genes for auxin (iaa) and cytokinins (cks), whereas that of at involves host transformation. the pag-induced gall ... | 2006 | 16477460 |
| vancomycin for the treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal infections in 15 horses. | we retrospectively reviewed the cases of 15 foals and adult horses in which vancomycin was used, alone or in combination with an aminoglycoside, to treat methicillin-resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal infections. signalment, presenting complaint, history (including history of treatment for the current complaint), results of bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, treatment, and outcome were reviewed. the average vancomycin dosage was 7.5 mg/kg q8h, administered by intr ... | 2005 | 16479726 |
| specific messenger rna expression for signal transduction molecules by lipopolysaccharide in intestinal macrophages. | intestinal macrophages are known to display profound inflammatory anergy in response to lipopolysacchraide (lps). to study the mechanisms of unresponsiveness of intestinal macrophages to lps, we compared the mrna expression of molecules associated with signal transduction of intestinal macrophages with those of other tissue macrophages. also cellular localization of cd14 protein was examined. intestinal, alveolar and peritoneal macrophages were isolated from rats or mice. the expression of mrna ... | 2006 | 16487248 |
| the efficacy of electrolysed oxidising water for inactivating spoilage microorganisms in process water and on minimally processed vegetables. | the efficacy of electrolysed oxidising water (eow) for inactivating spoilage microorganisms in process water and on minimally processed vegetables was investigated. the direct effect of eow on three important spoilage bacteria namely; pseudomonas fluorescens, pantoea agglomerans or rahnella aquatilis was determined by inoculating tap water or "artificial process water" with approximately 8 log cfu/ml pure culture and electrolysing the resultant solutions. the three bacteria were each reduced to ... | 2006 | 16504328 |
| pantoea agglomerans sepsis after rotavirus gastroenteritis. | | 2006 | 16511401 |
| the phytopathogen dickeya dadantii (erwinia chrysanthemi 3937) is a pathogen of the pea aphid. | dickeya dadantii (erwinia chrysanthemi) is a phytopathogenic bacterium causing soft rot diseases on many crops. the sequencing of its genome identified four genes encoding homologues of the cyt family of insecticidal toxins from bacillus thuringiensis, which are not present in the close relative pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum. the pathogenicity of d. dadantii was tested on the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum, and the bacterium was shown to be highly virulent for this insect, either ... | 2006 | 16517643 |
| evaluation of the phoenix 100 id/ast system and nid panel for identification of enterobacteriaceae, vibrionaceae, and commonly isolated nonenteric gram-negative bacilli. | the phoenix 100 id/ast system (becton dickinson co., sparks, md.) is an automated system for the identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates. this system with its negative identification (nid) panel was evaluated for its accuracy in the identification of 507 isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae, 57 other nonenteric gram-negative isolates that are commonly isolated in clinical microbiology laboratories, and 138 isolates of the family vibrionaceae. all of the ... | 2006 | 16517878 |
| chitinolytic enterobacter agglomerans antagonistic to fungal plant pathogens. | three enterobacter agglomerans strains which produce and excrete proteins with chitinolytic activity were found while screening soil-borne bacteria antagonistic to fungal plant pathogens. the chitinolytic activity was induced when the strains were grown in the presence of colloidal chitin as the sole carbon source. it was quantitated by using assays with chromogenic p-nitrophenyl analogs of disaccharide, trisaccharide, and tetrasaccharide derivatives of n-acetylglucosamine. a set of three fluore ... | 1995 | 16535017 |
| isolation and characterization of a facultatively aerobic bacterium that reductively dehalogenates tetrachloroethene to cis-1,2-dichloroethene. | a rapidly-growing facultatively aerobic bacterium that transforms tetrachloroethene (pce) via trichloroethene (tce) to cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-dce) at high rates in a defined medium was isolated from a contaminated site. metabolic characterization, cellular fatty acid analysis, and partial sequence analysis of 16s rrna showed that the new isolate, strain ms-1, has characteristics matching those of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae. strain ms-1 can oxidize about 58 substrates i ... | 1996 | 16535267 |
| physiologic mechanisms involved in accumulation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde during fermentation of glycerol by enterobacter agglomerans. | when grown in 700 mm glycerol within the ph range 6.0 to 7.5, anaerobic ph-regulated cultures of enterobacter agglomerans exhibited an extracellular accumulation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-hpa). this phenomenon, which causes fermentation cessation, occurred earlier when ph was low. in contrast, substrate consumption was complete at ph 8. levels of glycerol-catabolizing enzymes, i.e., glycerol dehydrogenase and dihydroxyacetone kinase for the oxidative route and glycerol dehydratase and 1,3-p ... | 1996 | 16535461 |
| indoleacetic acid, a product of transferred dna, inhibits vir gene expression and growth of agrobacterium tumefaciens c58. | agrobacterium tumefaciens induces crown gall tumors by transferring a piece of its tumor-inducing plasmid into plant cells. this transferred dna encodes the synthesis of indole acetic acid (iaa) and cytokinin, and their overproduction results in tumor formation. the transfer is initiated by a two-component regulatory system, vira/g recognizing plant signal molecules in the plant rhizosphere and activating a regulon on the tumor-inducing plasmid, which is required for the processing and transfer ... | 2006 | 16537403 |
| using bacteriophages to reduce formation of catheter-associated biofilms by staphylococcus epidermidis. | use of indwelling catheters is often compromised as a result of biofilm formation. this study investigated if hydrogel-coated catheters pretreated with a coagulase-negative bacteriophage would reduce staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation. biofilms were developed on hydrogel-coated silicone catheters installed in a modified drip flow reactor. catheter segments were pretreated with the lytic s. epidermidis bacteriophage 456 by exposing the catheter lumen to a 10-log-pfu/ml culture of the ba ... | 2006 | 16569839 |
| structure and protective effect of exopolysaccharide from p. agglomerans strain kfs-9 against uv radiation. | the water-soluble exopolysaccharide (wseps) from pantoea agglomerans strain kfs-9 isolated from mangrove forest was prepared by removing bacterial cell from the fermentation liquid following by concentration and cold ethanol precipitation of the supernatant. the polysaccharide material was purified by gel permeation chromatography on a sephacryl s-300hr column and characterized using chemical and spectral methods. the results show that wseps is protein-bound polysaccharide, and it is composed of ... | 2007 | 16580187 |
| size of bacterial ice-nucleation sites measured in situ by radiation inactivation analysis. | four bacterial species are known to catalyze ice formation at temperatures just below 0 degrees c. to better understand the relationship between the molecular structure of bacterial ice-nucleation site(s) and the quantitative and qualitative features of the ice-nucleation-active phenotype, we determined by gamma-radiation analysis the in situ size of ice-nucleation sites in strains of pseudomonas syringae and erwinia herbicola and in escherichia coli hb101 carrying the plasmid pice1.1 (containin ... | 1988 | 16593912 |
| spent growth medium of pantoea agglomerans primes wheat suspension cells for augmented accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and enhanced peroxidase activity upon elicitation. | induced disease resistance in plants is based on multiple mechanisms, including cell "priming", i.e. an enhancement of the capacity to mobilize cellular defense responses upon pathogen attack. potent inducers of priming are, for example, salicylic acid, synthetic compounds such as a benzothiadiazole, and certain rhizosphere bacteria. while priming is well characterized for a number of dicot plants, only few cases of priming are documented in monocots. here, we report that the spent growth medium ... | 2006 | 16596409 |
| assessment of the environmental fate of the biological control agent of fire blight, pseudomonas fluorescens eps62e, on apple by culture and real-time pcr methods. | the colonization of apple blossoms and leaves by pseudomonas fluorescens eps62e was monitored in greenhouse and field trials using cultivable cell counting and real-time pcr. the real-time pcr provided a specific quantitative method for the detection of strain eps62e. the detection level was around 10(2) cells g (fresh weight)(-1) and the standard curve was linear within a 5-log range. eps62e actively colonized flowers reaching values from 10(7) to 10(8) cells per blossom. in apple flowers, no s ... | 2006 | 16597940 |
| sll0254 (crtl(diox)) is a bifunctional lycopene cyclase/dioxygenase in cyanobacteria producing myxoxanthophyll. | upon depletion of sll0254 in synechocystis sp. strain pcc 6803, cyclized carotenoids were replaced by linear, relatively hydrophilic carotenoids, and the amount of the two photosystems decreased greatly. full segregants of the sll0254 deletion in synechocystis were not obtained, implying that this gene is essential for survival, most likely to allow normal cell division. the n-terminal half of sll0254 has limited similarity to the family of lycopene cyclases, has an additional dehydrogenase moti ... | 2006 | 16621828 |
| rice endophyte pantoea agglomerans ys19 promotes host plant growth and affects allocations of host photosynthates. | the aims of the study were to identify the effects of rice endophyte pantoea agglomerans ys19 on host plant growth and allocations of photosynthates. | 2006 | 16629994 |
| scalp abscess due to enterobacter agglomerans. | | 2006 | 16650188 |
| bacterial ice nucleation: a factor in frost injury to plants. | heterogeneous ice nuclei are necessary, and the common epiphytic ice nucleation active (ina) bacteria pseudomonas syringae van hall and erwinia herbicola (löhnis) dye are sufficient to incite frost injury to sensitive plants at -5 degrees c. the ice nucleation activity of the bacteria occurs at the same temperatures at which frost injury to sensitive plants occurs in nature. bacterial ice nucleation on leaves can be detected at about -2 degrees c, whereas the leaves themselves, i.e. without ina ... | 1982 | 16662618 |
| ice nucleation temperature of individual leaves in relation to population sizes of ice nucleation active bacteria and frost injury. | ice nucleation temperatures of individual leaves were determined by a tube nucleation test. with this assay, a direct quantitative relationship was obtained between the temperatures at which ice nucleation occurred on individual oat (avena sativa l.) leaves and the population sizes of ice nucleation active (ina) bacteria present on those leaves. in the absence of ina bacteria, nucleation of supercooled growth-chamber grown oat leaves did not occur until temperatures were below approximately -5 d ... | 1985 | 16664039 |
| pantoea peritonitis in a patient receiving chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. | pantoea agglomerans is usually the most common organism transmitted through plant thorn injuries. this report is of a female patient maintained on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) who developed peritonitis attributed to p. agglomerans. peritonitis is an uncommon complication of p. agglomerans and there is no previous report of peritonitis associated with this organism in a capd patient. the source of infection was thought to be due to rose-thorn injury. antibiotic therapy with cefta ... | 2006 | 16669968 |
| characterization of a collection of enterobacter sakazakii isolates from environmental and food sources. | enterobacter sakazakii has emerged as a rare cause of neonatal meningitis, septicemia and enterocolitis. contaminated infant milk formula (imf) has been identified as one infection route. a small number of clinical outbreaks have been epidemiologically linked to imf contaminated post-pasteurization during manufacture and/or mishandled when reconstituted. currently no agreed standardized typing protocol has been developed to trace e. sakazakii. the objectives of this study were to apply biochemic ... | 2006 | 16730386 |
| characterization of fe(iii)-reducing enrichment cultures and isolation of fe(iii)-reducing bacteria from the savannah river site, south carolina. | the savannah river site, south carolina (srs), has been subjected to heavy metal and radionuclide contamination. dissimilatory fe(iii)-reducing bacteria, by reducing insoluble fe(iii) to soluble fe(ii), may enhance contaminant mobility through subsurface environments. in order to investigate populations of the indigenous iron-reducing microbes from the srs, duplicate enrichment cultures were initiated using a 10% inoculum of 7 sediment/soil samples, and serial dilutions were made into wolfe's mi ... | 2006 | 16730954 |
| biochemical characterization of prephenate dehydrogenase from the hyperthermophilic bacterium aquifex aeolicus. | a monofunctional prephenate dehydrogenase (pd) from aquifex aeolicus was expressed as a his-tagged protein in escherichia coli and was purified by nickel affinity chromatography allowing the first biochemical and biophysical characterization of a thermostable pd. a. aeolicus pd is susceptible to proteolysis. in this report, the properties of the full-length pd are compared with one of these products, an n-terminally truncated protein variant (delta19pd) also expressed recombinantly in e. coli. b ... | 2006 | 16731976 |
| enhanced biofilm formation and increased resistance to antimicrobial agents and bacterial invasion are caused by synergistic interactions in multispecies biofilms. | most biofilms in their natural environments are likely to consist of consortia of species that influence each other in synergistic and antagonistic manners. however, few reports specifically address interactions within multispecies biofilms. in this study, 17 epiphytic bacterial strains, isolated from the surface of the marine alga ulva australis, were screened for synergistic interactions within biofilms when present together in different combinations. four isolates, microbacterium phyllosphaer ... | 2006 | 16751497 |
| a constitutively expressed, truncated umudc operon regulates the reca-dependent dna damage induction of a gene in acinetobacter baylyi strain adp1. | in response to environmentally caused dna damage, sos genes are up-regulated due to reca-mediated relief of lexa repression. in escherichia coli, the sos umudc operon is required for dna damage checkpoint functions and for replicating damaged dna in the error-prone process called sos mutagenesis. in the model soil bacterium acinetobacter baylyi strain adp1, however, the content, regulation, and function of the umudc operon are unusual. the umuc gene is incomplete, and a remnant of an isehe3-like ... | 2006 | 16751513 |
| structures of apo- and holo-tyrosine phenol-lyase reveal a catalytically critical closed conformation and suggest a mechanism for activation by k+ ions. | tyrosine phenol-lyase, a tetrameric pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent enzyme, catalyzes the reversible hydrolytic cleavage of l-tyrosine to phenol and ammonium pyruvate. here we describe the crystal structure of the citrobacter freundii holoenzyme at 1.9 a resolution. the structure reveals a network of protein interactions with the cofactor, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, and details of coordination of the catalytically important k+ ion. we also present the structure of the apoenzyme at 1.85 a resolutio ... | 2006 | 16768450 |
| quinine sulfate inhibits invasion of some bacterial skin pathogens. | as some of the many patients who receive antimalarials for the treatment of noninfective inflammatory diseases (lupus erythematosus, collagen vascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and others) are also immunosuppressed because of their disease and/or treatments, and may have concomitant bacterial infections, we investigated the effect of these drugs on the growth and invasion of several bacteria that are commonly associated with skin and soft tissue infections to determine whether they could p ... | 2006 | 16796622 |
| antimicrobial activity and spectrum of cefovecin, a new extended- spectrum cephalosporin, against pathogens collected from dogs and cats in europe and north america. | cefovecin is a new extended-spectrum semisynthetic cephalosporin indicated for the treatment of bacterial infections in dogs and cats. this study evaluated the in vitro activity and spectrum of cefovecin against 2,641 recent clinical isolates (1,660 canine and 981 feline isolates) from europe and the united states. mic determinations against cefovecin and other reference antimicrobials were performed by broth microdilution methods recommended by the clinical and laboratory standards institute (c ... | 2006 | 16801403 |
| molecular characterization of pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii hrpy, a conserved response regulator of the hrp type iii secretion system, and its interaction with the hrps promoter. | pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii is a bacterial pathogen of corn. its pathogenicity depends on the translocation of effector proteins into host cells by the hrp type iii secretion system. we previously showed by genetic analysis that the hrpx sensor kinase and the hrpy response regulator are at the head of a complex cascade of regulators controlling hrp/hrc secretion and wts effector genes. this cascade also includes the hrps response regulator and the hrpl alternative sigma factor. these regu ... | 2006 | 16816181 |
| changes in the spoilage-related microbiota of beef during refrigerated storage under different packaging conditions. | the microbial spoilage of beef was monitored during storage at 5 degrees c under three different conditions of modified-atmosphere packaging (map): (i) air (map1), (ii) 60% o2 and 40% co2 (map2), and (iii) 20% o2 and 40% co2 (map3). pseudomonas, enterobacteriaceae, brochothrix thermosphacta, and lactic acid bacteria were monitored by viable counts and pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) analysis during 14 days of storage. moreover, headspace gas composition, weight loss, and beef ... | 2006 | 16820458 |
| prediction of csra-regulating small rnas in bacteria and their experimental verification in vibrio fischeri. | the role of small rnas as critical components of global regulatory networks has been highlighted by several recent studies. an important class of such small rnas is represented by csrb and csrc of escherichia coli, which control the activity of the global regulator csra. given the critical role played by csra in several bacterial species, an important problem is the identification of csra-regulating small rnas. in this paper, we develop a computer program (csrna_find) designed to locate potentia ... | 2006 | 16822857 |
| bacterial contamination and growth in two defined formula diets of different ph. | we inoculated partially hydrolysed protein feed of low ph and an intact protein feed of neutral ph with various pathogenic bacteria, and showed that the low ph feed restricted bacterial growth. to study this effect in a clinical setting, 20 malnourished in-patients were randomised prospectively to receive one or other of these feeds. both formulae were given as a continuous feed via a nasogastric tube, 1,000 ml over 12 h twice daily, using routine hygienic measures. on two occasions significant ... | 1991 | 16839905 |
| volatile metabolite production of spoilage micro-organisms on a mixed-lettuce agar during storage at 7 degrees c in air and low oxygen atmosphere. | this paper describes the volatile metabolite production of spoilage bacteria (pantoea agglomerans and rahnella aquatilis) and spoilage yeasts (pichia fermentans and cryptococcus laurentii), previously isolated from mixed lettuce, on a simulation medium of shredded mixed lettuce (mixed-lettuce agar) both under air conditions and modified atmosphere (ma)-conditions at 7 degrees c. these latter conditions simulated the equilibrium modified atmosphere packaging, which is used to extend the shelf-lif ... | 2006 | 16860421 |
| exopolysaccharides of pantoea agglomerans have different priming and eliciting activities in suspension-cultured cells of monocots and dicots. | induced disease resistance of plants is often associated with an enhanced capacity to activate cellular defense responses to pathogen attack, named the "primed" state of the plant. exopolysaccharides of pantoea agglomerans have recently been reported as the first priming active component of bacterial origin in wheat cells. we now show that pantoea exopolysaccharides also prime rice cells for better elicitation of a rapid oxidative burst. in contrast, in tobacco and parsley cell cultures pantoea ... | 2006 | 16860795 |
| antimicrobial activity of vanillin against spoilage microorganisms in stored fresh-cut mangoes. | the antimicrobial activity of vanillin against four bacteria (pantoea agglomerans, aeromonas enteropelogenes, micrococcus lylae, and sphingobacterium spiritovorun), four fungi (alternaria sp., aspergillus sp., penicillium sp., and fusarium sp.), and three unidentified yeasts isolated from spoiling fresh-cut mango slices was verified in laboratory media adjusted to ph 5.0. mics of vanillin against the fungi (12.5 to 13.3 mm), bacteria (10 to 13.3 mm), and yeasts (5.0 to 6.7 mm) indicated that all ... | 2006 | 16865911 |
| the type iii effectors hsvg and hsvb of gall-forming pantoea agglomerans determine host specificity and function as transcriptional activators. | pantoea agglomerans pv. gypsophilae (pag) elicits galls on gypsophila and a hypersensitive response on beet, whereas p. agglomerans pv. betae (pab) induces galls on both beet and gypsophila. the pathogenicity of both pathovars is dependent on the presence of a plasmid harbouring type iii secretion system (ttss) components and effectors. the hsvg ttss effectors of pag (hsvg-pag) and pab (hsvg-pab) determine the host specificity of both pathovars on gypsophila. here we describe a novel hsvg homolo ... | 2006 | 16879413 |
| renal infarction and immune-mediated glomerulonephritis in sheep (ovis aries) chronically implanted with indwelling catheters. | microbial infections are common sequelae in humans and animals implanted with long-term intravascular catheters. understanding the pathophysiology of infectious morbidity is critical to improving quality of care in catheterized subjects. here, we describe findings in 6 clinically healthy, male sheep implanted with indwelling aortic or cardiac catheters for 6 to 10 mo. we isolated multiple bacterial species including serratia spp., enterobacter agglomerans, eschericia coli, klebsiella oxytoca, an ... | 2006 | 16884173 |
| peptidoglycan from bacillus cereus mediates commensalism with rhizosphere bacteria from the cytophaga-flavobacterium group. | previous research in our laboratory revealed that the introduction of bacillus cereus uw85 can increase the populations of bacteria from the cytophaga-flavobacterium (cf) group of the bacteroidetes phylum in the soybean rhizosphere, suggesting that these rhizosphere microorganisms have a beneficial relationship (g. s. gilbert, j. l. parke, m. k. clayton, and j. handelsman, ecology 74:840-854, 1993). in the present study, we determined the frequency at which cf bacteria coisolated with b. cereus ... | 2006 | 16885294 |
| two transsulfurylation pathways in klebsiella pneumoniae. | in most bacteria, inorganic sulfur is assimilated into cysteine, which provides sulfur for methionine biosynthesis via transsulfurylation. here, cysteine is transferred to the terminal carbon of homoserine via its sulfhydryl group to form cystathionine, which is cleaved to yield homocysteine. in the enteric bacteria escherichia coli and salmonella enterica, these reactions are catalyzed by irreversible cystathionine-gamma-synthase and cystathionine-beta-lyase enzymes. alternatively, yeast and so ... | 2006 | 16885444 |
| analysis of ests from lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies and their contribution toward understanding the insect-parasite relationship. | an expressed sequence tag library has been generated from a sand fly vector of visceral leishmaniasis, lutzomyia longipalpis. a normalized cdna library was constructed from whole adults and 16,608 clones were sequenced from both ends and assembled into 10,203 contigs and singlets. of these 58% showed significant similarity to known genes from other organisms, <4% were identical to described sand fly genes, and 42% had no match to any database sequence. our analyses revealed putative proteins inv ... | 2006 | 16887324 |
| a biosynthetic gene cluster for the acetyl-coa carboxylase inhibitor andrimid. | increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics with conventional targets has focused attention on antibiotics with unconventional targets. one promising candidate, the acetyl-coa carboxylase (acc) inhibitor andrimid, is a potent, broad-spectrum antibiotic with high selectivity for prokaryotic acc. here, we report the use of a dna-based approach to clone the andrimid biosynthetic gene cluster from pantoea agglomerans, yielding a cosmid that confers robust andrimid production on escherichia coli. ... | 2006 | 16910643 |
| [bacteremia caused by pantoea agglomerans]. | | 2006 | 16913075 |
| aetiology, risk factors and immediate outcome of bacteriologically confirmed neonatal septicaemia in mulago hospital, uganda. | neonatal septicaemia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. the aetiology, risk factors and outcome of this problem need to understood. | 2006 | 16916305 |
| two genes encoding new carotenoid-modifying enzymes in the green sulfur bacterium chlorobium tepidum. | the green sulfur bacterium chlorobium tepidum produces chlorobactene as its primary carotenoid. small amounts of chlorobactene are hydroxylated by the enzyme crtc and then glucosylated and acylated to produce chlorobactene glucoside laurate. the genes encoding the enzymes responsible for these modifications of chlorobactene, ct1987, and ct0967, have been identified by comparative genomics, and these genes were insertionally inactivated in c. tepidum to verify their predicted function. the gene e ... | 2006 | 16923888 |
| integrated regulation of the type iii secretion system and other virulence determinants in ralstonia solanacearum. | in many plant and animal bacterial pathogens, the type iii secretion system (ttss) that directly translocates effector proteins into the eukaryotic host cells is essential for the development of disease. in all species studied, the transcription of the ttss and most of its effector substrates is tightly regulated by a succession of consecutively activated regulators. however, the whole genetic programme driven by these regulatory cascades is still unknown, especially in bacterial plant pathogens ... | 2006 | 16933989 |
| mutational and functional analysis of the beta-carotene ketolase involved in the production of canthaxanthin and astaxanthin. | biosynthesis of the commercial carotenoids canthaxanthin and astaxanthin requires beta-carotene ketolase. the functional importance of the conserved amino acid residues of this enzyme from paracoccus sp. strain n81106 (formerly classified as agrobacterium aurantiacum) was analyzed by alanine-scanning mutagenesis. mutations in the three highly conserved histidine motifs involved in iron coordination abolished its ability to catalyze the formation of ketocarotenoids. this supports the hypothesis t ... | 2006 | 16957201 |
| identification, typing, and insecticidal activity of xenorhabdus isolates from entomopathogenic nematodes in united kingdom soil and characterization of the xpt toxin loci. | xenorhabdus strains from entomopathogenic nematodes isolated from united kingdom soils by using the insect bait entrapment method were characterized by partial sequencing of the 16s rrna gene, four housekeeping genes (asd, ompr, reca, and serc) and the flagellin gene (flic). most strains (191/197) were found to have genes with greatest similarity to those of xenorhabdus bovienii, and the remaining six strains had genes most similar to those of xenorhabdus nematophila. generally, 16s rrna sequenc ... | 2006 | 16957209 |
| invasive enterobacter sakazakii disease in infants. | enterobacter sakazakii kills 40%-80% of infected infants and has been associated with powdered formula. we analyzed 46 cases of invasive infant e. sakazakii infection to define risk factors and guide prevention and treatment. twelve infants had bacteremia, 33 had meningitis, and 1 had a urinary tract infection. compared with infants with isolated bacteremia, infants with meningitis had greater birthweight (2,454 g vs. 850 g, p = 0.002) and gestational age (37 weeks vs. 27.8 weeks, p = 0.02), and ... | 2006 | 16965695 |
| improving low water activity and desiccation tolerance of the biocontrol agent pantoea agglomerans cpa-2 by osmotic treatments. | to study the improvement of tolerance to low water activity (aw) and desiccation during spray drying in pantoea agglomerans cells subjected to mild osmotic stress during growth. | 2006 | 16968304 |
| identification of a novel regulatory protein (csrd) that targets the global regulatory rnas csrb and csrc for degradation by rnase e. | in escherichia coli, the global regulatory protein csra (carbon store regulator a) binds to leader segments of target mrnas, affecting their translation and stability. csra activity is regulated by two noncoding rnas, csrb and csrc, which act by sequestering multiple csra dimers. here, we describe a protein (csrd) that controls the degradation of csrb/c rnas. the dramatic stabilization of csrb/c rnas in a csrd mutant altered the expression of csra-controlled genes in a manner predicted from the ... | 2006 | 16980588 |
| ralstonia solanacearum requires f-box-like domain-containing type iii effectors to promote disease on several host plants. | the phytopathogenic bacterium ralstonia solanacearum encodes a family of seven type iii secretion system (t3ss) effectors that contain both a leucine-rich repeat and an f-box domain. this structure is reminiscent of a class of typical eukaryotic proteins called f-box proteins. the latter, together with skp1 and cullin1 subunits, constitute the scf-type e3 ubiquitin ligase complex and control specific protein ubiquitinylation. in the eukaryotic cell, depending on the nature of the polyubiquitin c ... | 2006 | 16983093 |
| disruption of n-acyl homoserine lactone-mediated cell signaling and iron acquisition in epiphytic bacteria by leaf surface compounds. | since n-acyl homoserine lactones (ahls) are key mediators of cell density-dependent regulation of traits involved in virulence and epiphytic fitness in gram-negative bacteria such as pseudomonas syringae, a variety of plant species were examined to determine their production of leaf surface compounds that could interact with these signaling systems. leaf washings of 17 of 52 plant species tested stimulated or inhibited ahl-dependent traits in at least one of the bacterial reporter strains used. ... | 2006 | 16997987 |
| two-center collaborative evaluation of performance of the bd phoenix automated microbiology system for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of gram-negative bacteria. | the performance of the bd phoenix automated microbiology system (bd diagnostic systems, sparks, md) was assessed for identification (id) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (ast) of the majority of clinically encountered bacterial isolates in a european collaborative two-center trial. a total of 494 bacterial isolates including various species of the enterobacteriaceae and 110 nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria were investigated: of these, 385 were single patient isolates, and 109 were ... | 2006 | 17005752 |
| evaluation of the bd phoenix automated microbiology system for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of enterobacteriaceae. | we evaluated the accuracy of the bd phoenix system for the identification (id) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (ast) of 251 isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae representing 31 species. organisms were inoculated onto the phoenix panel according to the manufacturer's instructions. the results from conventional biochemical tests were used for the reference method for id. agar dilution, performed according to the clsi guidelines, was the reference ast method. essential and categorical ... | 2006 | 17021074 |
| identification of a putative operon involved in fructooligosaccharide utilization by lactobacillus paracasei. | the growth and activity of some lactobacillus and bifidobacterium strains are stimulated by the presence of nondigestible fructooligosaccharides (fos), which are selectively fermented by specific intestinal bacteria. consumption of fos, therefore, enriches for those bacteria that possess metabolic pathways necessary for fos metabolism. in this study, a dna microarray consisting of 7,680 random genomic library fragments of lactobacillus paracasei 1195 was used to examine genes involved in the uti ... | 2006 | 17028235 |
| evaluation of the 10th external quality assessment scheme results in clinical microbiology laboratories in tehran and districts. | we evaluated the performance of microbiology laboratories in the 10th run of the external quality assessment scheme (eqas) in tehran and districts. each laboratory was sent 2 species of bacteria for identification. of the 487 laboratories that participated, 437 returned their findings. while 77.0% and 69.9% correctly identified staphylococcus saprophyticus and citrobacter freundii respectively, only 29.8% correctly identified acinetobacter baumanii, 25.3% identified enterococcus faecalis and 35. ... | 2006 | 17037699 |
| preliminary crystallographic characterization of prnb, the second enzyme in the pyrrolnitrin biosynthetic pathway. | pyrrolnitrin is the active ingredient of drugs for the treatment of superficial fungal infections and was used as a lead structure for the development of fludioxonil. it is an effective agent for plant diseases caused by the fungal pathogen rhizoctonia solani. pyrrolnitrin is made in four steps, the second of which, catalyzed by prnb, is a novel chemical rearrangement of 7-chlorotryptophan. prnb was overproduced in pseudomonas fluorescens (bl915) and well diffracting crystals were obtained of a ... | 2006 | 17077497 |
| carotenoid biosynthesis in the primitive red alga cyanidioschyzon merolae. | cyanidioschyzon merolae is considered to be one of the most primitive of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms. to obtain insights into the origin and evolution of the pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis in eukaryotic plants, the carotenoid content of c. merolae was ascertained, genes encoding enzymes of carotenoid biosynthesis in this unicellular red alga were identified, and the activities of two candidate pathway enzymes of particular interest, lycopene cyclase and beta-carotene hydroxylase, wer ... | 2007 | 17085635 |
| carotenoid biosynthesis in the primitive red alga cyanidioschyzon merolae. | cyanidioschyzon merolae is considered to be one of the most primitive of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms. to obtain insights into the origin and evolution of the pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis in eukaryotic plants, the carotenoid content of c. merolae was ascertained, genes encoding enzymes of carotenoid biosynthesis in this unicellular red alga were identified, and the activities of two candidate pathway enzymes of particular interest, lycopene cyclase and beta-carotene hydroxylase, wer ... | 2007 | 17085635 |
| the survival of pathogens in soil treated with wastewater sludge and in potatoes grown in such soil. | the prevalence of pathogens on potatoes (solanum tuberosum) grown in soil amended with a pathogen rich wastewater sludge was investigated. bacteria of the family enterobacteriaceae are important pathogens causing intestinal and systemic illness of humans and other animals. type b sludge was used. sludges investigated are the high metal and the low metal sludges. microorganisms in the sludge-amended soil were using culture-based technique. salmonella and e. coli were observed in tested soil sampl ... | 2006 | 17087382 |
| arabidopsis samt1 defines a plastid transporter regulating plastid biogenesis and plant development. | s-adenosylmethionine (sam) is formed exclusively in the cytosol but plays a major role in plastids; sam can either act as a methyl donor for the biogenesis of small molecules such as prenyllipids and macromolecules or as a regulator of the synthesis of aspartate-derived amino acids. because the biosynthesis of sam is restricted to the cytosol, plastids require a sam importer. however, this transporter has not yet been identified. here, we report the molecular and functional characterization of a ... | 2006 | 17098813 |
| tobacco nectaries express a novel nadph oxidase implicated in the defense of floral reproductive tissues against microorganisms. | hydrogen peroxide produced from the nectar redox cycle was shown to be a major factor contributing to inhibition of most microbial growth in floral nectar; however, this obstacle can be overcome by the floral pathogen erwinia amylovora. to identify the source of superoxide that leads to hydrogen peroxide accumulation in nectary tissues, nectaries were stained with nitroblue tetrazolium. superoxide production was localized near nectary pores and inhibited by diphenylene iodonium but not by cyanid ... | 2007 | 17114277 |
| engineering the lycopene synthetic pathway in e. coli by comparison of the carotenoid genes of pantoea agglomerans and pantoea ananatis. | the lycopene synthetic pathway was engineered in escherichia coli using the carotenoid genes (crte, crtb, and crti) of pantoea agglomerans and pantoea ananatis. e. coli harboring the p. agglomerans crt genes produced 27 mg/l of lycopene in 2yt medium without isopropyl-beta-d: -thiogalactopyranoside (iptg) induction, which was twofold higher than that produced by e. coli harboring the p. ananatis crt genes (12 mg/l lycopene) with 0.1 mm iptg induction. the crt genes of p. agglomerans proved bette ... | 2007 | 17115209 |
| first reported infections caused by three newly described genera in the family xanthomonadaceae. | members of the family of xanthomonadaceae are typically characterized as environmental organisms. with the exception of stenotrophomonas maltophilia, these organisms are infrequently implicated as human pathogens. we describe three cases of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections caused by dokdonella koreensis, aquimonas voraii, and a luteibacter sp., all newly named genera within the family xanthomonadaceae. the three patients all had histories of underlying hematological diso ... | 2007 | 17122001 |
| first reported infections caused by three newly described genera in the family xanthomonadaceae. | members of the family of xanthomonadaceae are typically characterized as environmental organisms. with the exception of stenotrophomonas maltophilia, these organisms are infrequently implicated as human pathogens. we describe three cases of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections caused by dokdonella koreensis, aquimonas voraii, and a luteibacter sp., all newly named genera within the family xanthomonadaceae. the three patients all had histories of underlying hematological diso ... | 2007 | 17122001 |
| a preliminary study on gram-negative bacteria (gnb) and their endotoxins in a gin house in india. | the presence of byssinosis, an occupational disease found among cotton mill workers, has been well documented in different parts of the world. the disease develops due to exposure to environmental cotton dust. evidence suggests that the causative agent for the disease is gram-negative bacteria (gnb) and their endotoxins present on the cotton fibers. an investigation was carried out in a gin house in western india. environmental dust samples were collected by vertical elutriator (ve). airborne du ... | 2006 | 17133691 |
| biochemical and structural characterization of the secreted chorismate mutase (rv1885c) from mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv: an *aroq enzyme not regulated by the aromatic amino acids. | the gene rv1885c from the genome of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv encodes a monofunctional and secreted chorismate mutase (*mtcm) with a 33-amino-acid cleavable signal sequence; hence, it belongs to the *aroq class of chorismate mutases. consistent with the heterologously expressed *mtcm having periplasmic destination in escherichia coli and the absence of a discrete periplasmic compartment in m. tuberculosis, we show here that *mtcm secretes into the culture filtrate of m. tuberculosis. *mtc ... | 2006 | 17146044 |
| a robotic dna purification protocol and real-time pcr for the detection of enterobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formulae. | enterobacter sakazakii is the causative agent of rare but severe food-borne infections associated with meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis in infants. rehydrated powdered infant formulae have been implicated as the source of infection in several outbreaks and sporadic cases. in this work, a real time fluorescence resonance energy transfer pcr assay incorporating an internal amplification control (iac) was developed for the specific detection of e. sakazakii in foods. performance of ... | 2006 | 17166252 |
| role of pantoea agglomerans in opportunistic bacterial seed and boll rot of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) grown in the field. | to investigate the aetiology of seed and boll rot of cotton grown in south carolina (sc). | 2007 | 17184328 |
| investigations into the in vitro antimicrobial activity and mode of action of the phenazine antibiotic d-alanylgriseoluteic acid. | d-alanylgriseoluteic acid (aga) is a potent antimicrobial phenazine compound produced by pantoea agglomerans (erwinia herbicola) eh1087. susceptibility tests against a range of microbes indicated that aga had a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and was particularly active against gram-positive pathogens. comparison of the in vitro efficacy of aga with eight other antibiotics against 119 clinical isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrated that all were inhibited by low concentration ... | 2007 | 17189100 |
| legionella and other gram-negative bacteria in potable water from various rural and urban sources. | a total of 107 potable water samples were collected from various rural and urban sources located in the lublin region (eastern poland). 54 samples from rural sources comprised 32 samples of untreated well water and 22 samples of treated (chlorinated) tap water from rural dwellings distributed by the municipal water supply system (mwss). 53 samples of treated water from urban sources were supplied by the city of lublin mwss. they comprised: 11 samples of tap water from offices and shops, 8 sample ... | 2006 | 17196009 |
| a comparison of enzymatic phosphorylation and phosphatidylation of beta-l- and beta-d-nucleosides. | enzymatic 5'-monophosphorylation and 5'-phosphatidylation of a number of beta-l- and beta-d-nucleosides was investigated. the first reaction, catalyzed by nucleoside phosphotransferase (npt) from erwinia herbicola, consisted of the transfer of the phosphate residue from p-nitrophenylphosphate (p-npp) to the 5'-hydroxyl group of nucleoside; the second was the phospholipase d (pld)-catalyzed transphosphatidylation of l-alpha-lecithin with a series of beta-l- and beta-d-nucleosides as the phosphati ... | 2007 | 17206374 |
| using bacteria to express and display anti-plasmodium molecules in the mosquito midgut. | bacteria capable of colonizing mosquito midguts are attractive vehicles for delivering anti-malaria molecules. we genetically engineered escherichia coli to display two anti-plasmodium effector molecules, sm1 and phospholipase-a(2), on their outer membrane. both molecules significantly inhibited plasmodium berghei development when engineered bacteria were fed to mosquitoes 24h prior to an infective bloodmeal (sm1=41%, pla2=23%). furthermore, prevalence and numbers of engineered bacteria increase ... | 2007 | 17224154 |
| characterization of the bacterial microflora of the tympanic cavity of eastern box turtles with and without aural abscesses. | aerobic bacterial cultures of the tympanic cavity of the middle ear were performed in eight eastern box turtles (terrapene carolina carolina) with aural abscesses and 15 eastern box turtles without aural abscesses (controls) that were admitted to the wildlife center of virginia, virginia, usa during 2003. twenty-two bacterial isolates were identified from 17 turtles including 10 gram-negative and 12 gram-positive bacteria. ten of 15 control animals had bacterial growth, resulting in identificati ... | 2006 | 17255456 |
| monitoring bacterial communities in raw milk and cheese by culture-dependent and -independent 16s rrna gene-based analyses. | the diversity and dynamics of bacterial populations in saint-nectaire, a raw-milk, semihard cheese, were investigated using a dual culture-dependent and direct molecular approach combining single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) fingerprinting and sequencing of 16s rrna genes. the dominant clones, among 125 16s rrna genes isolated from milk, belonged to members of the firmicutes (58% of the total clones) affiliated mainly with the orders clostridiales and the lactobacillales, followed by ... | 2007 | 17259356 |
| applications of lipopolysaccharide derived from pantoea agglomerans (ip-pa1) for health care based on macrophage network theory. | innate immunity is a universal prophylactic system which all multi-cellular animals possess. macrophages are the cells that play the central role in the innate immune system. in 1991, we discovered a substance in a water extract of wheat flour that activated macrophages after oral or intradermal administration. the active substance was lipopolysaccharide (lps), which is derived from the cell walls of pantoea agglomerans, gram-negative bacteria that grows symbiotically with wheat. we named the su ... | 2006 | 17270712 |
| retinal biosynthesis in fungi: characterization of the carotenoid oxygenase carx from fusarium fujikuroi. | the car gene cluster of the ascomycete fusarium fujikuroi encodes two enzymes responsible for torulene biosynthesis (carra and carb), an opsin-like protein (caro), and a putative carotenoid cleaving enzyme (carx). it was presumed that carx catalyzes the formation of the major carotenoid in f. fujikuroi, neurosporaxanthin, a cleavage product of torulene. however, targeted deletion of carx did not impede neurosporaxanthin biosynthesis. on the contrary, deltacarx mutants showed a significant increa ... | 2007 | 17293483 |
| detection and identification by pcr of a highly virulent phylogenetic subgroup among extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli b2 strains. | closely related escherichia coli b2 strains o1:k1, o2:k1, o18:k1, and o45:k1 constitute a major subgroup causing extraintestinal infections. a dna pathoarray analysis was used to develop a pcr specific for this subgroup that was included in the multiplex phylogenetic-grouping pcr method. our pcr may serve to identify this virulent subgroup among different ecological niches. | 2007 | 17293507 |
| first notification of positive blood cultures and the high accuracy of the gram stain report. | when blood cultures turn positive, the attending physicians are usually notified immediately about gram stain findings. however, information on the accuracy of gram staining is very limited. we examined the accuracy of preliminary blood culture reports provided by a regional laboratory in an observational study including the years 1996, 2000 to 2001, and 2003. we used data from computer files and technicians' laboratory notes. the study was restricted to cultures with one morphological type. usi ... | 2007 | 17301283 |
| aerobic bacterial flora of nesting green turtles (chelonia mydas) from tortuguero national park, costa rica. | bacteriological examination of 70 nesting green turtles (chelonia mydas) from tortuguero national park, costa rica was performed to investigate nasal and cloacal aerobic bacteria. a total of 325 bacterial isolates were obtained, including 10 gram-negative and three gram-positive genera. two hundred thirty-nine were gram-negative and 86 were gram-positive isolates. klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common microbe identified in turtle samples: 27/70 (38.5%) in cloacal, and 33/70 (47.1%) in nasal ... | 2006 | 17315444 |
| prenyldiphosphate synthase, subunit 1 (pdss1) and oh-benzoate polyprenyltransferase (coq2) mutations in ubiquinone deficiency and oxidative phosphorylation disorders. | coenzyme q10 (coq10) plays a pivotal role in oxidative phosphorylation (oxphos), as it distributes electrons among the various dehydrogenases and the cytochrome segments of the respiratory chain. we have identified 2 novel inborn errors of coq10 biosynthesis in 2 distinct families. in both cases, enzymologic studies showed that quinone-dependent oxphos activities were in the range of the lowest control values, while oxphos enzyme activities were normal. coq10 deficiency was confirmed by restorat ... | 2007 | 17332895 |
| a novel beta-galactosidase capable of glycosyl transfer from enterobacter agglomerans b1. | a novel transglycosylating beta-galactosidase was purified from enterobacter agglomerans b1. it was a homodimer of approximately 248 kda. the optimal ph and temperature for onpgal hydrolysis were 7.5-8.0 and 37-40 degrees c, respectively. the k(m) values for onpgal and lactose were 0.06 and 114 mm, respectively. the enzyme produced galacto-oligosaccharides in a 38% yield at the lactose concentration of 12.5% (w/v). when using onpgal as donor, the enzyme was able to catalyze glycosyl transfer to ... | 2007 | 17336932 |
| characterization of extended-host-range pseudo-t-even bacteriophage kpp95 isolated on klebsiella pneumoniae. | kpp95, isolated on klebsiella pneumoniae, is a bacteriophage with the morphology of t4-type phages and is capable of rapid lysis of host cells. its double-stranded genomic dna (ca. 175 kb, estimated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) can be cut only by restriction endonucleases with a cleavage site flanked either by a and t or by t, as tested, suggesting that it contains the modified derivative(s) of g and/or c. over 26 protein bands were visualized upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide g ... | 2007 | 17337566 |
| development of a simple latex agglutination assay for detection of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) by using polyclonal antibody against stec. | rabbit antiserum raised against the whole-cell antigen of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strain vt3 (stx1+ stx2+ eae+) was repeatedly adsorbed with heat-killed cells of different non-stec strains and other enteric bacteria. thus, the antiserum obtained was designated vt3 antiserum. vt3 antiserum reacted with intimin type gamma. we assessed the reactivity of vt3 antiserum to whole-cell lysates of 87 strains of e. coli and other enteric bacteria by immunoblotting. the antiserum reco ... | 2007 | 17344348 |