| genomic and functional analyses of the gentisate and protocatechuate ring-cleavage pathways and related 3-hydroxybenzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate peripheral pathways in burkholderia xenovorans lb400. | in this study, the gentisate and protocatechuate pathways in burkholderia xenovorans lb400 were analyzed by genomic and functional approaches, and their role in 3-hydroxybenzoate (3-hba) and 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-hba) degradation was proposed. the lb400 genome possesses two identical mhbrtdhi gene clusters encoding the gentisate pathway and one mhbm gene encoding a 3-hba 6-hydroxylase that converts 3-hba into gentisate. the pca genes encoding the protocatechuate pathway and the poba gene encoding ... | 2013 | 23418504 |
| specificity in transition state binding: the pauling model revisited. | linus pauling proposed that the large rate accelerations for enzymes are caused by the high specificity of the protein catalyst for binding the reaction transition state. the observation that stable analogues of the transition states for enzymatic reactions often act as tight-binding inhibitors provided early support for this simple and elegant proposal. we review experimental results that support the proposal that pauling's model provides a satisfactory explanation for the rate accelerations fo ... | 2013 | 23327224 |
| degradation of the acyl side chain of the steroid compound cholate in pseudomonas sp. strain chol1 proceeds via an aldehyde intermediate. | bacterial degradation of steroids is widespread, but the metabolic pathways have rarely been explored. previous studies with pseudomonas sp. strain chol1 and the c(24) steroid cholate have shown that cholate degradation proceeds via oxidation of the a ring, followed by cleavage of the c(5) acyl side chain attached to c-17, with 7α,12β-dihydroxy-androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione (12β-dhadd) as the product. in this study, the pathway for degradation of the acyl side chain of cholate was investigated i ... | 2013 | 23204454 |
| ground state destabilization from a positioned general base in the ketosteroid isomerase active site. | we compared the binding affinities of ground state analogues for bacterial ketosteroid isomerase (ksi) with a wild-type anionic asp general base and with uncharged asn and ala in the general base position to provide a measure of potential ground state destabilization that could arise from the close juxtaposition of the anionic asp and hydrophobic steroid in the reaction's michaelis complex. the analogue binding affinity increased ~1 order of magnitude for the asp38asn mutation and ~2 orders of m ... | 2013 | 23311398 |
| strong inter-population cooperation leads to partner intermixing in microbial communities. | patterns of spatial positioning of individuals within microbial communities are often critical to community function. however, understanding patterning in natural communities is hampered by the multitude of cell-cell and cell-environment interactions as well as environmental variability. here, through simulations and experiments on communities in defined environments, we examined how ecological interactions between two distinct partners impacted community patterning. we found that in strong coop ... | 2013 | 23359860 |
| a pks/nrps/fas hybrid gene cluster from serratia plymuthica rvh1 encoding the biosynthesis of three broad spectrum, zeamine-related antibiotics. | serratia plymuthica strain rvh1, initially isolated from an industrial food processing environment, displays potent antimicrobial activity towards a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens. isolation and subsequent structure determination of bioactive molecules led to the identification of two polyamino antibiotics with the same molecular structure as zeamine and zeamine ii as well as a third, closely related analogue, designated zeamine i. the gene cluster encoding ... | 2013 | 23349809 |
| genome sequence of pseudomonas sp. strain chol1, a model organism for the degradation of bile salts and other steroid compounds. | bacterial degradation of steroid compounds is of high ecological and biotechnological relevance. pseudomonas sp. strain chol1 is a model organism for studying the degradation of the steroid compound cholate. its draft genome sequence is presented and reveals one gene cluster responsible for the metabolism of steroid compounds. | 2013 | 23405354 |
| pseudomonads rule degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in aerated sediment. | given that the degradation of aromatic pollutants in anaerobic environments such as sediment is generally very slow, aeration could be an efficient bioremediation option. using stable isotope probing (sip) coupled with pyrosequencing analysis of 16s rrna genes, we identified naphthalene-utilizing populations in aerated polyaromatic hydrocarbon (pah)-polluted sediment. the results showed that naphthalene was metabolized at both 10 and 20°c following oxygen delivery, with increased degradation at ... | 2015 | 26635740 |
| comparative study of hydroalcoholic extracts of momordica charantia l. against foodborne pathogens. | the antimicrobial effect of 24 different hydroalcoholic extracts (100, 75, 50 and 25% methanol and water) obtained from four parts (leaf+stem (aerial), peel, pulp and seed) of momordica charantia l. were investigated against five gram-positive, six gram-negative and four fungal strains. the extraction was done by individual cold percolation method using hexane, different hydroalcoholic solvent (100, 75, 50 and 25% methanol) and water. the antimicrobial activity was done by agar well diffusion as ... | 2014 | 24843188 |
| influence of 3-chloroaniline on the biofilm lifestyle of comamonas testosteroni and its implications on bioaugmentation. | bioaugmentation has been frequently proposed in wastewater and soil treatment to remove toxic aromatic compounds. the performance of bioaugmentation is affected by a number of biological and environmental factors, including the interaction between the target pollutant and the augmented bacterial cells. in this study, using comamonas testosteroni and 3-chloroaniline (3-ca) as the model organism and target pollutant, we explored the influence of toxic aromatic pollutants on the biofilm lifestyle o ... | 2016 | 27208104 |
| polymicrobial bacteremia involving comamonas testosteroni. | comamonas spp. are uncommon isolates in microbiology laboratories and have been rarely observed as an infectious agent in clinical practice. they have widespread environmental distribution and have been isolated from water, soil, and plants as well as from some hospital devices such as intravenous catheters and water contained in humidifier reservoirs used in respiratory treatment. the genus comamonas originally contained the following species: acidovorans, testosteroni, kerstersii, terrigena, d ... | 2014 | 25614744 |
| novel genomic island modifies dna with 7-deazaguanine derivatives. | the discovery of ∼20-kb gene clusters containing a family of paralogs of trna guanosine transglycosylase genes, called tgta5, alongside 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preq0) synthesis and dna metabolism genes, led to the hypothesis that 7-deazaguanine derivatives are inserted in dna. this was established by detecting 2'-deoxy-preq0 and 2'-deoxy-7-amido-7-deazaguanosine in enzymatic hydrolysates of dna extracted from the pathogenic, gram-negative bacteria salmonella enterica serovar montevideo. these mo ... | 2016 | 26929322 |
| nosocomial infections with imp-19-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa linked to contaminated sinks, france. | we isolated imp-19-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa from 7 patients with nosocomial infections linked to contaminated sinks in france. we showed that blaimp-19 was located on various class 1 integrons among 8 species of gram-negative bacilli detected in sinks: p. aeruginosa, achromobacter xylosoxidans, a. aegrifaciens, p. putida, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, p. mendocina, comamonas testosteroni, and sphingomonas sp. | 2017 | 28098548 |
| degradation of norgestrel by bacteria from activated sludge: comparison to progesterone. | natural and synthetic progestagens in the environment have become a concern due to their adverse effects on aquatic organisms. laboratory studies were performed to investigate aerobic biodegradation of norgestrel by bacteria from activated sludge in comparison with progesterone, and to identify their degradation products and biotransformation pathways. the degradation of norgestrel followed first order reaction kinetics (t1/2 = 12.5 d), while progesterone followed zero order reaction kinetics (t ... | 2013 | 23952780 |
| removal of methyl acrylate by ceramic-packed biotrickling filter and their response to bacterial community. | methyl acrylate is a widely used raw chemical materials and it is toxic in humans. in order to treat the methyl acrylate waste gas, a 3-layer btf packed with ceramic particles and immobilized with activated sludge was set up. the btf exhibited excellent removal efficiency that no methyl acrylate could be detected when ebrt was larger than 266s and inlet concentration was lower than 0.19g/m(3). the 1st layer performed the best at fixed inlet concentration of 0.42g/m(3). pcr combined with dgge was ... | 2016 | 26970927 |
| bioaugmentation of a sequencing batch biofilm reactor with comamonas testosteroni and bacillus cereus and their impact on reactor bacterial communities. | the immobilization of microorganisms is essential for efficient bioaugmentation systems. the performance of bacillus cereus g5 as biofilm-forming bacteria and comamonas testosteroni a3 a 3,5 dinitrobenzoic acid (dnb)-degrading strain] in laboratory-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactors (sbbrs) treating dnb synthetic wastewater has been examined. the microbial diversity in the reactors was also explored. the reactor r3 inoculated with b. cereus g5 and c. testosteroni a3 together not only improv ... | 2015 | 25257599 |
| multi-enzymatic one-pot reduction of dehydrocholic acid to 12-keto-ursodeoxycholic acid with whole-cell biocatalysts. | ursodeoxycholic acid (udca) is a bile acid of industrial interest as it is used as an agent for the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis and the medicamentous, non-surgical dissolution of gallstones. currently, it is prepared industrially from cholic acid following a seven-step chemical procedure with an overall yield of <30%. in this study, we investigated the key enzymatic steps in the chemo-enzymatic preparation of udca-the two-step reduction of dehydrocholic acid (dhca) to 12-keto-urs ... | 2013 | 22806613 |
| coexistence of free-living amoebae and bacteria in selected south african hospital water distribution systems. | pathogenic free-living amoebae (fla), such as naegleria fowleri, balamuthia mandrillaris and acanthamoeba species isolated from aquatic environments have been implicated in central nervous system, eye and skin human infections. they also allow the survival, growth and transmission of bacteria such as legionella, mycobacteria and vibrio species in water systems. the purpose of this study was to investigate the co-occurrence of potentially pathogenic fla and their associated bacteria in hospital w ... | 2017 | 27730363 |
| secondary metabolites extracted from marine sponge associated comamonas testosteroni and citrobacter freundii as potential antimicrobials against mdr pathogens and hypothetical leads for vp40 matrix protein of ebola virus: an in vitro and in silico investigation. | the current study explores therapeutic potential of metabolites extracted from marine sponge (cliona sp.)-associated bacteria against mdr pathogens and predicts the binding prospective of probable lead molecules against vp40 target of ebola virus. the metabolite-producing bacteria were characterized by agar overlay assay and as per the protocols in bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology. the antibacterial activities of extracted metabolites were tested against clinical pathogens by well-d ... | 2016 | 26577929 |
| identification and characterization of two new 5-keto-4-deoxy-d-glucarate dehydratases/decarboxylases. | hexuronic acids such as d-galacturonic acid and d-glucuronic acid can be utilized via different pathways within the metabolism of microorganisms. one representative, the oxidative pathway, generates α-keto-glutarate as the direct link entering towards the citric acid cycle. the penultimate enzyme, keto-deoxy glucarate dehydratase/decarboxylase, catalyses the dehydration and decarboxylation of keto-deoxy glucarate to α-keto-glutarate semialdehyde. this enzymatic reaction can be tracked continuous ... | 2016 | 27855668 |
| functional analysis of a novel repressor luxr in comamonas testosteroni. | comamonas testosteroni (c. testosteroni) atcc11996 is a gram negative bacterium which can use steroid as a carbon and energy source. 3,17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3,17β-hsd) is a key enzyme for the degradation of steroid hormones in c. testosteroni. the luxr regulation family is a group of regulatory proteins which play important role in gram negative bacterium. the luxr gene is located on 58 kb upstream of 3,17β-hsd gene with the opposite transcription orientation in the chromosomal dna o ... | 2017 | 28274720 |
| carbon catabolite repression and cell dispersal affect degradation of the xenobiotic compound 3,4-dichloroaniline in comamonas testosteroni wdl7 biofilms. | organic pollutant degrading biofilms in natural ecosystems and water treatment systems are often exposed to other carbon sources in addition to the pollutant. the availability of auxiliary carbon sources can lead to surplus biomass growth, changes in biofilm structure and carbon catabolite repression (ccr) which together will affect pollutant degradation rate and efficiency of the system. to understand the interplay between these processes, continuous biofilms of the 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-dca ... | 2017 | 28104667 |
| engineering mycobacterium smegmatis for testosterone production. | a new biotechnological process for the production of testosterone (ts) has been developed to turn the model strain mycobacterium smegmatis suitable for ts production to compete with the current chemical synthesis procedures. we have cloned and overexpressed two genes encoding microbial 17β-hydroxysteroid: nadp 17-oxidoreductase, from the bacterium comamonas testosteroni and from the fungus cochliobolus lunatus. the host strains were m. smegmatis wild type and a genetic engineered androst-4-ene-3 ... | 2017 | 27860310 |
| draft genome sequence of the bacterium comamonas aquatica cjg. | a gram-negative bacterial strain, comamonas aquatica cjg, absorbs low-density lipoprotein but not high-density lipoprotein in serum. here, we report its draft genomic sequence of 3,764,434 bp, containing total 3,425 genes, 27% of which encode proteins for metabolism and energy conversion, and it is 30% identical to the genome of comamonas testosteroni. | 2016 | 27811093 |
| [study on drug sensitivity against comamonas testosteroni by kirby-bauer disk diffusion method]. | to determine the drug resistance of comamonas testosteroni (c. testosteroni) by the kirby-bauer (k-b) method without clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) explanation or the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) method with the standard clsi explanation to evaluate the sensitivity of k-b method in detection of c. testosteroni. | 2016 | 27600015 |
| evaluation of the catalytic contribution from a positioned general base in ketosteroid isomerase. | proton transfer reactions are ubiquitous in enzymes and utilize active site residues as general acids and bases. crystal structures and site-directed mutagenesis are routinely used to identify these residues, but assessment of their catalytic contribution remains a major challenge. in principle, effective molarity measurements, in which exogenous acids/bases rescue the reaction in mutants lacking these residues, can estimate these catalytic contributions. however, these exogenous moieties can be ... | 2016 | 27410422 |
| automated chemotactic sorting and single-cell cultivation of microbes using droplet microfluidics. | we report a microfluidic device for automated sorting and cultivation of chemotactic microbes from pure cultures or mixtures. the device consists of two parts: in the first part, a concentration gradient of the chemoeffector was built across the channel for inducing chemotaxis of motile cells; in the second part, chemotactic cells from the sample were separated, and mixed with culture media to form nanoliter droplets for encapsulation, cultivation, enumeration, and recovery of single cells. chem ... | 2016 | 27074762 |
| direct sensing and signal transduction during bacterial chemotaxis toward aromatic compounds in comamonas testosteroni. | micro-organisms sense and chemotactically respond to aromatic compounds. although the existence of chemoreceptors that bind to aromatic attractants and subsequently trigger chemotaxis have long been speculated, such a chemoreceptor has not been demonstrated. in this report, we demonstrated that the chemoreceptor mcp2901 from comamonas testosteroni cnb-1 binds to aromatic compounds and initiates downstream chemotactic signaling in addition to its ability to trigger chemotaxis via citrate binding. ... | 2016 | 27008921 |
| comamonas testosteroni-associated peritonitis in a pediatric peritoneal dialysis patient. | comamonas testosteroni (c. testosteroni) has been rarely observed as an infectious agent in clinical practice. few reports described its potential pathogenicity in bloodstream and abdominal infections. here, we report our experience in the treatment of a c. testosteroni-associated peritonitis in a four-year-old girl receiving chronic peritoneal dialysis (pd). the organism was shown to be highly susceptible to appropriate antibiotic therapy. infection responded promptly and the patient was manage ... | 2016 | 26981448 |
| [comamonas testosteroni appendicitis]. | | 2016 | 26968618 |
| global regulator iscr positively contributes to antimonite resistance and oxidation in comamonas testosteroni s44. | antimonial compounds can be found as a toxic contaminant in the environment. knowledge on mechanisms of microbial sb oxidation and its role in microbial tolerance are limited. previously, we found that comamonas testosteroni s44 was resistant to multiple heavy metals and was able to oxidize the toxic antimonite [sb(iii)] to the much less toxic antimonate [sb(v)]. in this study, transposon mutagenesis was performed in c. testosteroni s44 to isolate genes responsible for sb(iii) resistance and oxi ... | 2015 | 26734615 |
| isolation and characterization of a cold-resistant pcb209-degrading bacterial strain from river sediment and its application in bioremediation of contaminated soil. | a cold-resistant bacterium (strain ql) that can degrade 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,6'-decachlorobiphenyl (pcb209) was isolated from wei-he river sediment. strain ql was identified as a rod-shaped gram-negative bacterial strain, which was further identified as comamonas testosteroni. c. testosteroni has never been reported to be capable of degrading pcb209 at low temperatures. in this study, the degradation characteristics showed that strain ql could grow with pcb209 as the sole carbon source at low t ... | 2016 | 26635180 |
| draft genome sequence of the polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacterium comamonas testosteroni kf712 (nbrc 110673). | we present a 5.89-mb draft genome sequence of comamonas testosteroni kf712 (nbrc 110673), a polychlorinated biphenyl degrader. the genome sequence clarified that kf712 harbors the gene clusters coding for the catabolism of biphenyl and at least seven other aromatic compounds. | 2015 | 26472850 |
| comamonas testosteroni bacteraemia in a tertiary care hospital. | | 2015 | 26470979 |
| involvement in denitrification is beneficial to the biofilm lifestyle of comamonas testosteroni: a mechanistic study and its environmental implications. | comamonas is one of the most abundant microorganisms in biofilm communities driving wastewater treatment. little has been known about the role of this group of organisms and their biofilm mode of life. in this study, using comamonas testosteroni as a model organism, we demonstrated the involvement of comamonas biofilms in denitrification under bulk aerobic conditions and elucidated the influence of nitrate respiration on its biofilm lifestyle. our results showed that c. testosteroni could use ni ... | 2015 | 26327221 |
| analyzing the catalytic role of active site residues in the fe-type nitrile hydratase from comamonas testosteroni ni1. | a strictly conserved active site arginine residue (αr157) and two histidine residues (αh80 and αh81) located near the active site of the fe-type nitrile hydratase from comamonas testosteroni ni1 (ctnhase), were mutated. these mutant enzymes were examined for their ability to bind iron and hydrate acrylonitrile. for the αr157a mutant, the residual activity (k cat = 10 ± 2 s(-1)) accounts for less than 1% of the wild-type activity (k cat = 1100 ± 30 s(-1)) while the k m value is nearly unchanged a ... | 2015 | 26077812 |
| heat shock rna 1, known as a eukaryotic temperature-sensing noncoding rna, is of bacterial origin. | heat shock rna 1 (hsr1) is described as a "eukaryotic heat-sensing noncoding rna" that regulates heat shock response in human and other eukaryotic cells. highly conserved hsr1 sequences have been identified from humans, hamsters, drosophila, caenorhabditis elegans, and arabidopsis. in a previous study, however, it was suggested that hsr1 had originated from a bacterial genome. hsr1 showed no detectible nucleotide sequence similarity to any eukaryotic sequences but harbored a protein coding regio ... | 2015 | 26017229 |
| comparative genome analysis reveals genetic adaptation to versatile environmental conditions and importance of biofilm lifestyle in comamonas testosteroni. | comamonas testosteroni is an important environmental bacterium capable of degrading a variety of toxic aromatic pollutants and has been demonstrated to be a promising biocatalyst for environmental decontamination. this organism is often found to be among the primary surface colonizers in various natural and engineered ecosystems, suggesting an extraordinary capability of this organism in environmental adaptation and biofilm formation. the goal of this study was to gain genetic insights into the ... | 2015 | 25786738 |
| high correlation between genotypes and phenotypes of environmental bacteria comamonas testosteroni strains. | members of comamonas testosteroni are environmental microorganisms that are usually found in polluted environment samples. they utilize steroids and aromatic compounds but rarely sugars, and show resistance to multiple heavy metals and multiple drugs. however, comprehensive genomic analysis among the c. testosteroni strains is lacked. | 2015 | 25766446 |
| cloning, expression and characterization of a putative 2,5-diketo-d-gluconic acid reductase in comamonas testosteroni. | aldo-keto reductases (akrs) are a superfamily of soluble nad(p)(h) oxidoreductases. the function of the enzymes is to reduce aldehydes and ketones into primary and secondary alcohols. we have cloned a 2,5-diketo-d-gluconic acid reductase (2,5dkgr) gene from comamonas testosteroni (c. testosteroni) atcc11996 (a gram-negative bacterium which can use steroids as carbon and energy source) into plasmid pet-15b and over expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3). the protein was purified by his-tag meta ... | 2015 | 25614138 |
| characterization of 3,17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in comamonas testosteroni. | 3,17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3,17β-hsds) are found in all forms of life which catalyze the 3-position and 17-position reduction/oxidation of steroids. comamonas testosteroni (c. testosteroni) atcc11996 is a gram-negative bacterium which can use steroids as carbon and energy source. 3,17β-hsd is an enzyme which is involved in the complete oxidative degradation of the steroid skeleton, induced in the presence of these compounds in the culture medium. cyclizing rt-pcr (crt-pcr) was used to ... | 2015 | 25595227 |
| cloning and characterization of a novel β-ketoacyl-acp reductase from comamonas testosteroni. | comamonas testosteroni (c. testosteroni) is a gram negative bacterium which can use steroid as a carbon source and degrade steroid with about 20 special enzymes. most of the enzymes are inducible enzymes. 3-oxoacyl-acp reductase (e.c. 1.1.1.100) alternatively known as β-ketoacyl-acp reductase (bkr) is involved in fatty acid syntheses. dna sequence comparison showed that bkr belongs to the short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase (sdr) family. our results showed that bkr is necessary for the degradation ... | 2015 | 25595225 |
| isolation and identification of a repressor tetr for 3,17β-hsd expressional regulation in comamonas testosteroni. | comamonas testosteroni (c. testosteroni) is able to catabolize a variety of steroids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 3,17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3,17β-hsd) from c. testosteroni is a key enzyme in steroid degradation. understanding the mechanism of 3,17β-hsd gene (βhsd) induction may help us to elucidate its complete molecular regulation. sequencing the c. testosteroni atcc11996 genome lead us to identify the tetr (522 bp) downstream of βhsd. two repeat sequences (rs; 13 bp), that a ... | 2015 | 25559855 |
| biodegradation of propyzamide by comamonas testosteroni w1 and cloning of the propyzamide hydrolase gene camh. | propyzamide is a widely used benzamide herbicide for controlling weeds in lettuce, soybeans, cotton and other crops. an efficient propyzamide-degrading strain w1 was firstly isolated from activated sludge and identified as comamonas testosteroni. a metabolite of propyzamide by strain w1 was firstly identified. the novel gene camh encoding a hydrolase that catalyzed the amide bond cleavage of propyzamide was cloned from strain w1. the gene contained an open reading frame of 1452 bp, the deduced a ... | 2015 | 25541381 |
| a novel chemoreceptor mcp2983 from comamonas testosteroni specifically binds to cis-aconitate and triggers chemotaxis towards diverse organic compounds. | comamonas testosteroni cnb-1 behaves chemotactically toward a wide range of organic compounds, and 19 methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (mcps) were annotated from the genome of strain cnb-2, a plasmid-curing derivative from strain cnb-1. the mcp-free mutant cnb-1δ20 completely lost its chemotactic responses. in this study, we found that a chemoreceptor, namely mcp2983, restored chemotactic responses toward nine carboxylic acids and ten aromatic compounds to cnb-1δ20. isothermal titration calo ... | 2015 | 25511821 |
| construction of a biosensor mutant of comamonas testosteroni for testosterone determination by cloning the egfp gene downstream to the regulatory region of the 3,17β-hsd gene. | comamonas testosteroni (c. testosteroni) is able to catabolize a variety of steroids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 3,17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3,17β-hsd) from c. testosteroni is a testosterone-inducible protein and a key enzyme in steroid degradation. 3,17β-hsd is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (sdr) superfamily. we found that a 2.4 kb regulatory dna fragment upstream of the 3,17β-hsd gene (βhsd) responds to steroids and triggers βhsd gene induction. to explo ... | 2015 | 25481546 |
| identification and isolation of a regulator protein for 3,17β-hsd expressional regulation in comamonas testosteroni. | comamonas testosteroni (c. testosteroni) is able to catabolize a variety of steroids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 3,17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3,17β-hsd) from c. testosteroni is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (sdr) superfamily. it is an inducible and key enzyme in steroid degradation. elucidating the mechanism of 3,17β-hsd gene (βhsd) regulation may help us to generate prospective c. testosteroni mutants for bioremediation. the genome of c. testosteroni atcc1 ... | 2015 | 25446854 |
| nutrition effects on the biofilm immobilization and 3,5-dnba degradation of comamonas testosteroni a3 during bioaugmentation treatment. | the survival of inoculated microbes is critical for successful bioaugmentation in wastewater treatment. the influence of readily available nutrients (rans) on the colonization of two functional bacteria, pseudomonas putida m9, a strong biofilm-forming strain, and comamonas testosteroni a3, a 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (3,5-dnba)-degrading strain, in biofilms was studied with 3,5-dinitrobenoic acid synthetic wastewater (dcmm) complemented with various ratios of luria-bertani broth (lb). with the inc ... | 2016 | 25345550 |
| elevated level of the second messenger c-di-gmp in comamonas testosteroni enhances biofilm formation and biofilm-based biodegradation of 3-chloroaniline. | the bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-gmp) is a ubiquitous second messenger that determines bacterial lifestyle between the planktonic and biofilm modes of life. although the role of c-di-gmp signaling in biofilm development and dispersal has been extensively studied, how c-di-gmp signaling influences environmental bioprocess activities such as biodegradation remains unexplored. to elucidate the impacts of elevating c-di-gmp level on environmental bioprocesses, we construc ... | 2015 | 25273178 |
| description of comamonas serinivorans sp. nov., isolated from wheat straw compost. | a gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated sp-35(t), was isolated from compost and was subjected to a taxonomic study. this isolate was short-rod-shaped and non-spore-forming. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna sequence comparison indicated the isolate was related to the genus comamonas. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that its closest neighbours were the type strains comamonas odontotermitis dant 3-8(t) (96.8 % similarity), comamonas testosteroni dsm 50244(t) (96.5 %), comamonas gu ... | 2014 | 25242539 |
| complete genome sequence of polychlorinated biphenyl degrader comamonas testosteroni tk102 (nbrc 109938). | comamonas testosteroni tk102 (nbrc 109938; jcm 19603) can utilize biphenyl as a sole carbon source and degrade polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). the complete nucleotide sequence of the tk102 genome was determined. tk102 possesses several integrative and conjugative element-like regions, and one of them carries biphenyl-degradative genes. | 2014 | 25212615 |
| selenite reduction by the obligate aerobic bacterium comamonas testosteroni s44 isolated from a metal-contaminated soil. | selenium (se) is an essential trace element in most organisms but has to be carefully handled since there is a thin line between beneficial and toxic concentrations. many bacteria have the ability to reduce selenite (se(iv)) and (or) selenate (se(vi)) to red elemental selenium that is less toxic. | 2014 | 25098921 |
| evidence for cooperative mineralization of diuron by arthrobacter sp. bs2 and achromobacter sp. sp1 isolated from a mixed culture enriched from diuron exposed environments. | diuron was found to be mineralized in buffer strip soil (bs) and in the sediments (sed) of the morcille river in the beaujolais vineyard repeatedly treated with this herbicide. enrichment cultures from bs and sed samples led to the isolation of three bacterial strains transforming diuron to 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-dca) its aniline derivative. 16s rrna sequencing revealed that they belonged to the genus arthrobacter (99% of similarity to arthrobacter globiformis strain k01-01) and were designate ... | 2014 | 25061887 |
| novel whole-cell biocatalysts with recombinant hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases for the asymmetric reduction of dehydrocholic acid. | ursodeoxycholic acid is an important pharmaceutical so far chemically synthesized from cholic acid. various biocatalytic alternatives have already been discussed with hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (hsdh) playing a crucial role. several whole-cell biocatalysts based on a 7α-hsdh-knockout strain of escherichia coli overexpressing a recently identified 7β-hsdh from collinsella aerofaciens and a nad(p)-bispecific formate dehydrogenase mutant from mycobacterium vaccae for internal cofactor regenerati ... | 2012 | 22581067 |
| first microbiota assessments of children's paddling pool waters evaluated using 16s rrna gene-based metagenome analysis. | insufficient chloric sterilization of children's paddling pool waters increases the risk of diarrheal illness. therefore, we investigated the microbiota changes after children use pools. first, we applied 16s rrna gene-based metagenome analysis to understand the dynamics of microbiota in pool water, especially with respect to the bio-contamination by potential pathogens. proteobacteria were major taxa detected in every pool water sample after children spent time in the pool. in more detail, gamm ... | 2017 | 26671497 |
| comamonas testosteroni: is it still a rare human pathogen? | comamonas testosteroni (formally pseudomonas testosteroni) is common environmental bacterium that is not part of the human microbiome. since its identification as a human pathogen in 1987, numerous reports have drizzled in, implicating this organism for various infections. although these organisms are of low virulence, some of their obscurity perhaps is due to the incapability of clinical laboratories to identify them. most of the reported cases are bloodstream infections. we report a case of ga ... | 2017 | 28203137 |
| antagonistic control of a dual-input mammalian gene switch by food additives. | synthetic biology has significantly advanced the design of mammalian trigger-inducible transgene-control devices that are able to programme complex cellular behaviour. fruit-based benzoate derivatives licensed as food additives, such as flavours (e.g. vanillate) and preservatives (e.g. benzoate), are a particularly attractive class of trigger compounds for orthogonal mammalian transgene control devices because of their innocuousness, physiological compatibility and simple oral administration. ca ... | 2014 | 25030908 |
| improvement of stability of nitrile hydratase via protein fragment swapping. | nitrile hydratase (nhase), which catalyzes the hydration of nitriles to amides, is the key enzyme for the production of amides in industries. however, the poor stability of this enzyme under the reaction conditions is a drawback of its industrial application. in this study, we aimed to improve the stability of nhase (ppnhase) from pseudomonas putida nrrl-18668 using a homologous protein fragment swapping strategy. one thermophilic nhase fragment from comamonas testosteroni 5-mgam-4d and two frag ... | 2014 | 24944015 |
| identification of 9α-hydroxy-17-oxo-1,2,3,4,10,19-hexanorandrost-6-en-5-oic acid and β-oxidation products of the c-17 side chain in cholic acid degradation by comamonas testosteroni ta441. | comamonas testosteroni degrades testosterone into 9,17-dioxo-1,2,3,4,10,19-hexanorandrostan-5-oic acid and 2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoic acid via aromatization of the a-ring. the former compound is suggested to be degraded further by β-oxidation, but the details of the process remain unclear. in this study, we identified 9α-hydroxy-17-oxo-1,2,3,4,10,19-hexanorandrost-6-en-5-oic acid as an intermediate compound in the β-oxidation of this compound. orf32, located in one of the two main steroid degrada ... | 2014 | 24810629 |
| conversion of fat-containing waste from the margarine manufacturing process into bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates. | a fat-containing waste produced from the margarine manufacturing process was tested as a low cost carbon source for cultivation of different polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) producing bacterial strains, including cupriavidus necator, comamonas testosteroni and several pseudomonas strains. the margarine waste was mainly composed of free fatty acids (76wt.%), namely mystiric, oleic, linoleic and stearic acids. in preliminary shake flask experiments, several strains were able to grow on the margarine w ... | 2014 | 24794198 |
| benzoate metabolism intermediate benzoyl coenzyme a affects gentisate pathway regulation in comamonas testosteroni. | a previous study showed that benzoate was catabolized via a coenzyme a (coa)-dependent epoxide pathway in azoarcus evansii (r. niemetz, u. altenschmidt, s. brucker, and g. fuchs, eur. j. biochem. 227:161-168, 1995), but gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase was induced. similarly, we found that the comamonas testosteroni strain cnb-1 degraded benzoate via a coa-dependent epoxide pathway and that gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (gena) was also induced when benzoate or 3-hydroxybenzoate served as a carbon source fo ... | 2014 | 24771026 |
| microbial metabolism and community structure in response to bioelectrochemically enhanced remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. | this study demonstrates that electrodes in a bioelectrochemical system (bes) can potentially serve as a nonexhaustible electron acceptor for in situ bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soil. the deployment of bes not only eliminates aeration or supplement of electron acceptors as in contemporary bioremediation but also significantly shortens the remediation period and produces sustainable electricity. more interestingly, the study reveals that microbial metabolism and community structure ... | 2014 | 24628095 |
| a novel tcta citrate transporter from an activated sludge metagenome: structural and mechanistic predictions for the ttt family. | we isolated a putative citrate transporter of the tripartite tricarboxylate transporter (ttt) class from a metagenomic library of activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant. the transporter, dubbed tcta_ar, shares ∼50% sequence identity with tcta of comamonas testosteroni (tcta_ct) and other β-proteobacteria, and contains two 20-amino acid repeat signature sequences, considered a hallmark of this particular transporter class. the structures for both tcta_ar and tcta_ct were modeled with i-ta ... | 2014 | 24493659 |
| construction and application of an expression vector from the new plasmid platc1 of acidithiobacillus caldus. | in this study, a recently sequenced 9.8-kb plasmid, platc1, from acidithiobacillus caldus strain sm-1 was characterized and developed into an expression vector. the platc1 backbone carried an oriv, three rep genes, five mob genes, a nic site, and an addiction system. multilocus sequence analysis indicated that platc1 was phylogenetically more related to the incq-like broad host range plasmids than to other incq plasmids. platc1 was able to replicate and reside in gram-negative escherichia coli, ... | 2014 | 24445921 |
| aerobic granulation of aggregating consortium x9 isolated from aerobic granules and role of cyclic di-gmp. | this study monitored the granulation process of an aggregating functional consortium x9 that was consisted of pseudomonas putida x-1, acinetobacter sp. x-2, alcaligenes sp. x-3 and comamonas testosteroni x-4 in shaken reactors. the growth curve of x9 was fit using logistic model as follows y=1.49/(1+21.3*exp(-0.33x)), the maximum specific cell growth rate for x9 was 0.33 h(-1). initially x9 consumed polysaccharides (ps) and secreted proteins (pn) to trigger granulation. then x9 grew in biomass a ... | 2014 | 24326212 |
| purification, structural elucidation and bioactivity of tryptophan containing diketopiperazines, from comamonas testosteroni associated with a rhabditid entomopathogenic nematode against major human-pathogenic bacteria. | the cell free culture filtrate of a comamonas testosteroni associated with an entomopathogenic nematode (epn), rhabditis (oscheius) sp. exhibited promising antimicrobial activity. the ethyl acetate extract of the bacterial culture filtrate was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain five diketopiperazines or cyclic dipeptides (dkp 1-5). the structure and absolute stereochemistry of the compounds were determined based on extensive spectroscopic analyses (hr-ms, (1)hnmr, (13)cnmr, ( ... | 2014 | 24120705 |
| comamonas testosteroni uses a chemoreceptor for tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates to trigger chemotactic responses towards aromatic compounds. | bacterial chemotaxis towards aromatic compounds has been frequently observed; however, knowledge of how bacteria sense aromatic compounds is limited. comamonas testosteroni cnb-1 is able to grow on a range of aromatic compounds. this study investigated the chemotactic responses of cnb-1 to 10 aromatic compounds. we constructed a chemoreceptor-free, non-chemotactic mutant, cnb-1δ20, by disruption of all 19 putative methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (mcps) and the atypical chemoreceptor in stra ... | 2013 | 24102855 |
| cloning, expression and characterization of a putative 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in comamonas testosteroni. | the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (sdr) superfamily is a large and diverse group of genes with members found in all forms of life. comamonas testosteroni (c. testosterone) atcc11996 is a gram-negative bacterium which can use steroids as carbon and energy source. in the present investigation, we found a novel sdr gene 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α-hsd) which is located 11.9 kb upstream from hsda with the same transcription orientation in the c. testosteroni genome. the open readin ... | 2014 | 23972763 |
| bioanodes/biocathodes formed at optimal potentials enhance subsequent pentachlorophenol degradation and power generation from microbial fuel cells. | bioanodes formed at an optimal potential of 200 mv vs. she and biocathodes developed at -300 mv vs. she in bioelectrochemical cells (becs) enhanced the subsequent performances of microbial fuel cells (mfcs) compared to the un-treated controls. while the startup times were reduced to 320 h (bioanodes) and 420-440 h (biocathodes), pcp degradation rates were improved by 28.5% (bioanodes) and 21.5% (biocathodes), and power production by 41.7% (bioanodes) and 44% (biocathodes). accordingly, there wer ... | 2013 | 23747520 |
| a novel transcriptional repressor phar for the steroid-inducible expression of the 3,17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene in comamonas testosteroni atcc11996. | comamonas testosteroni is able to catabolize a variety of steroids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and might be used in the bioremediation of contaminated environments. 3,17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3,17β-hsd) from c. testosteroni is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (sdr) superfamily and a key enzyme in steroid degradation. the genome of c. testosteroni atcc11996 was sequenced in our previous work. in addition to the gene coding for 3,17β-hsd (βhsd), a novel transcr ... | 2013 | 23295223 |
| assimilation of aromatic compounds by comamonas testosteroni: characterization and spreadability of protocatechuate 4,5-cleavage pathway in bacteria. | comamonas testosteroni strain cnb-1 was isolated from activated sludge and has been investigated for its ability to degrade 4-chloronitrobenzene. results from this study showed that strain cnb-1 grew on phenol, gentisate, vanillate, 3-hydroxybenzoate (3hb), and 4-hydroxybenzoate (4hb) as carbon and energy sources. proteomic data and enzyme activity assays suggested that vanillate, 3hb, and 4hb were degraded in strain cnb-1 via protocatechuate (pca) 4,5-cleavage pathway. the genetics and biochemi ... | 2013 | 22996279 |
| molecular characterization of three 3-ketosteroid-δ(1)-dehydrogenase isoenzymes of rhodococcus ruber strain chol-4. | rhodococcus ruber strain chol-4 isolated from a sewage sludge sample is able to grow on minimal medium supplemented with steroids, showing a broad catabolic capacity. this paper reports the characterization of three different 3-ketosteroid-δ(1)-dehydrogenases (kstds) in the genome of r. ruber strain chol-4. the genome of this strain does not contain any homologues of a 3-keto-5α-steroid-δ(4)-dehydrogenase (kst4d or tesi) that appears in the genomes of rhodococcus erythropolis sq1 or comamonas te ... | 2012 | 22771584 |
| the fe-type nitrile hydratase from comamonas testosteroni ni1 does not require an activator accessory protein for expression in escherichia coli. | we report herein the functional expression of an fe-type nitrile hydratase (nhase) without the co-expression of an activator protein or the escherichia coli chaperone proteins groes/el. soluble protein was obtained when the α- and β-subunit genes of the fe-type nhase comamonas testosteroni ni1 (ctnhase) were synthesized with optimized e. coli codon usage and co-expressed. as a control, the fe-type nhase from rhodococcus equi tg328-2 (renhase) was expressed with (renhase(+act)) and without (renha ... | 2012 | 22713452 |
| two cases of bacteremia due to an unusual pathogen, comamonas testosteroni in iran and a review literature. | here we describe two cases of bacteremia caused by comamonas testosteroni in two malignant patients, a 10-year-old boy with brain medulloblastoma and a 19-year-old girl with osteosarcoma admitted in the same hospital at short intervals. this is the first report in iran on this low inherent virulence organism as a human pathogen. | 2012 | 22706196 |
| oligomerization and negative autoregulation of the lysr-type transcriptional regulator hsdr from comamonas testosteroni. | "3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/carbonyl reductase regulator" (hsdr) from comamonas testosteroni (c. testosteroni) was identified as a member of the lysr-type transcriptional regulator (lttr) family. we have shown previously that hsdr activates the expression of the hsda gene, encoding 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/carbonyl reductase (3α-hsd/cr), which is an important enzyme involved in the degradation of steroid compounds. phylogenetic analysis indicated that hsdr is related to the contact-r ... | 2012 | 22684002 |
| comamonas guangdongensis sp. nov., isolated from subterranean forest sediment, and emended description of the genus comamonas. | a facultatively anaerobic bacterium, strain cy01(t), isolated from subterranean forest sediment collected from guangdong province, china, was investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. the cells were short rods, gram-negative, non-sporulating and motile. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences showed that strain cy01(t) showed highest sequence similarities to comamonas thiooxydans s23(t) (98.0 %), comamonas testosteroni jcm 5832(t) (97.9 %), comamonas koreensis kctc 12005 ... | 2013 | 22581903 |
| degradation of delor 103, a technical mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls, by selected bacteria. | ability to utilize a technical mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb), delor 103, as the sole carbon source, has been tested in 14 bacterial strains. for the five best growing strains (alcaligenes latus, alcalgenes eutrophus, comamonas testosteroni, micrococcus varians and pseudomonas putida), the dependence of the degradation of individual pcb congeners on the number of chlorine substituents is discussed. | 1993 | 24420291 |