| multi-drug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreak in a burns unit--an infection control study. | a newly introduced, multi-drug resistant (mdr) strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from four patients admitted to the concord hospital burns unit (bu) between december 1997 and march 1998. it was the cause of recurrent episodes of bacteraemia in two. this strain was resistant in vitro to gentamicin, piperacillin and ciprofloxacin. the isolates were confirmed as a clonal strain by pulse field gel electrophoresis (pfge). multiple environmental swabs were taken to search for an environmen ... | 2001 | 11226649 |
| the suitability of the 'emergency' foot-and-mouth disease antigens held by the international vaccine bank within a global context. | the international vaccine bank (ivb) based at the institute of animal health (iah) in pirbright, united kingdom (uk), routinely monitors the suitability of the currently held strains of foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) vaccine virus, in anticipation that vaccine may be required to control fmd outbreaks that pose a threat to member countries. using primarily the two-dimensional micro-neutralisation test (vnt), bovine polyclonal sera raised against each of the seven current 'emergency' antigens were u ... | 2001 | 11228383 |
| genetic diversity among 3-chloroaniline- and aniline-degrading strains of the comamonadaceae. | we examined the diversity of the plasmids and of the gene tdnq, involved in the oxidative deamination of aniline, in five bacterial strains that are able to metabolize both aniline and 3-chloroaniline (3-ca). three strains have been described and identified previously, i.e., comamonas testosteroni i2 and delftia acidovorans ca28 and bn3.1. strains lme1 and b8c were isolated in this study from linuron-treated soil and from a wastewater treatment plant, respectively, and were both identified as d. ... | 2001 | 11229899 |
| identification and cloning of gusa, encoding a new beta-glucuronidase from lactobacillus gasseri adh. | the gusa gene, encoding a new beta-glucuronidase enzyme, has been cloned from lactobacillus gasseri adh. this is the first report of a beta-glucuronidase gene cloned from a bacterial source other than escherichia coli. a plasmid library of l. gasseri chromosomal dna was screened for complementation of an e. coli gus mutant. two overlapping clones that restored beta-glucuronidase activity in the mutant strain were sequenced and revealed three complete and two partial open reading frames. the larg ... | 2001 | 11229918 |
| femo cofactor biosynthesis in a nife- mutant of rhodobacter capsulatus. | in all diazotrophic micro-organisms investigated so far, mutations in nife, one of the genes involved in the biosynthesis of the femo cofactor (femoco), resulted in the accumulation of cofactorless inactive dinitrogenase. in this study, we have found that strains of the phototrophic non-sulfur purple bacterium rhodobacter capsulatus with mutations in nife, as well as in the operon harbouring the nife gene, were capable of reducing acetylene and growing diazotrophically, although at distinctly lo ... | 2001 | 11277916 |
| chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase: isolation of the gene and characterization of the recombinant non-head-to-tail monoterpene synthase from chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium. | chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase (cppase) catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of dimethylallyl diphosphate to produce chrysanthemyl diphosphate (cpp), a monoterpene with a non-head-to-tail or irregular c1'-2-3 linkage between isoprenoid units. irregular monoterpenes are common in chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium and related members of the asteraceae family. in c. cinerariaefolium, cpp is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the pyrethrin ester insecticides. cppase was purified from imm ... | 2001 | 11287653 |
| flagellar phase variation of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium contributes to virulence in the murine typhoid infection model but does not influence salmonella-induced enteropathogenesis. | although salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium can undergo phase variation to alternately express two different types of flagellin subunit proteins, fljb or flic, no biological function for this phenomenon has been described. in this investigation, we constructed phase-locked derivatives of s. enterica serovar typhimurium that expressed only fljb (termed locked-on) or flic (termed locked-off). the role of phase variation in models of enteric and systemic pathogenesis was then evaluated. there ... | 2001 | 11292720 |
| mechanisms causing rapid and parallel losses of ribose catabolism in evolving populations of escherichia coli b. | twelve populations of escherichia coli b all lost d-ribose catabolic function during 2,000 generations of evolution in glucose minimal medium. we sought to identify the population genetic processes and molecular genetic events that caused these rapid and parallel losses. seven independent rbs(-) mutants were isolated, and their competitive fitnesses were measured relative to that of their rbs(+) progenitor. these rbs(-) mutants were all about 1 to 2% more fit than the progenitor. a fluctuation t ... | 2001 | 11292803 |
| the ortholog of human ataxin-2 is essential for early embryonic patterning in c. elegans. | ataxin-2, the gene product of the human spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (sca2) gene, is a protein of unknown function. ataxin-2 interacts with ataxin-2-binding-protein 1 (a2bp1), a member of a novel family of putative rna-binding proteins. because the sequences of ataxin-2 and a2bp1 are evolutionarily conserved, we investigated functional aspects and expression pattern in the nematode caenorhabditis elegans. human ataxin-2 has 20.1% amino acid identity and 43.9% similarity to its c. elegans orthol ... | 2000 | 11303786 |
| applications of gene replacement technology to streptomyces clavuligerus strain development for clavulanic acid production. | cephamycin c production was blocked in wild-type cultures of the clavulanic acid-producing organism streptomyces clavuligerus by targeted disruption of the gene (lat) encoding lysine epsilon-aminotransferase. specific production of clavulanic acid increased in the lat mutants derived from the wild-type strain by 2- to 2.5-fold. similar beneficial effects on clavulanic acid production were noted in previous studies when gene disruption was used to block the production of the non-clavulanic acid c ... | 2001 | 11319114 |
| [fusion expression of a peptide antibiotic-apidaecin gene in lactococcus lactis]. | the ubiquitin fusion of apidaecin was expressed in lactococcus lactis, using a novel nisin-inducible expression system. after induction, a specific band could be detected in the extracts of the host strain by tricine-sds-page and western blotting. production of the fusion was up to 7.2% of the total soluble protein of the host strain. while the fusion was cut by ubiquitin specific protease-ubp1, the product had distinct antibacterial activity. | 2001 | 11330182 |
| molecular identification of a clinical isolate of non-pigmented and asporogenic aspergillus fumigatus strain which cannot be identified by traditional morphological methods. | a non-pigmented and asporogenic fungal strain without taxonomically useful characteristics was isolated from sputum of a patient with chronic bronchitis. although the taxonomic position could not be determined based on traditional morphological criteria, the fungus was identified as an aspergillus fumigatus mutant strain by molecular techniques including its sequence analysis and pcr identification system using a pcr primer pair specific for a. fumigatus. usefulness of these molecular techniques ... | 2001 | 11331470 |
| radioreceptor assays for sensitive detection and quantitation of saxitoxin and its analogues from strains of the freshwater cyanobacterium, anabaena circinalis. | toxic freshwater cyanobacteria can contaminate water supplies and adversely effect humans, agricultural livestock, and wildlife. toxicity is strain-specific so morphological observations alone cannot predict the hazard level. two microtiter plate based bioassays have emerged for measuring saxitoxin (stx) and its derivatives, commonly found in the freshwater cyanobacteria anabaena and aphanizomenon. they use radioactively labeled stx binding by sodium channels, stx's pharmacological target, or an ... | 2001 | 11348083 |
| [inducible expression of msp1 gene of plasmodium falciparum by a tetracycline controlled promoter in salmonella typhi cvd908 strain]. | to investigate the inducible expression of msp1 gene of plasmodium falciparum in salmonella typhi cvd908 vaccine strain using a tetracycline-controlled plteto promoter. | 2000 | 11372377 |
| shy1p occurs in a high molecular weight complex and is required for efficient assembly of cytochrome c oxidase in yeast. | surf1p is a protein involved in the assembly of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. however its exact role in this process remains to be elucidated. we studied shy1, the yeast homologue of surf1, with an aim to obtain a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of cytochrome c oxidase (cox) deficiency in surf1 mutant cells from leigh syndrome patients. assembly of cox was analysed in a shy1 null mutant strain by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2d-page). steady ... | 2001 | 11389896 |
| identification and characterization of the trna:psi 31-synthase (pus6p) of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | to characterize the substrate specificity of the putative rna:pseudouridine (psi)-synthase encoded by the saccharomyces cerevisiae open reading frame (orf) ygr169c, the corresponding gene was deleted in yeast, and the consequences of the deletion on trna and small nuclear rna modification were tested. the resulting deltaygr169c strain showed no detectable growth phenotype, and the only difference in psi formation in stable cellular rnas was the absence of psi at position 31 in cytoplasmic and mi ... | 2001 | 11406626 |
| beijerinckia sp strain b1: a strain by any other name. | beijerinckia sp strain b1 grows with biphenyl as its sole source of carbon and energy. a mutant, strain b8/36, oxidized biphenyl to cis-(2s,3r)-dihydroxy-l-phenylcyclohexa-4,6-diene (cis-biphenyl dihydrodiol). strain b8/36 oxidized anthracene, phenanthrene, benz[a]anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene to cis-dihydrodiols. other substrates oxidized to cis-dihydrodiols were dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and dibenzo-p-dioxin. biphenyl dioxygenase activity was observed in cells of beijerinckia b1 and b8/36 ... | 1999 | 11423945 |
| genetically modified shiga toxin 2e (stx2e) producing escherichia coli is a vaccine candidate for porcine edema disease. | porcine edema disease (ed) is an enterotoxaemia in pigs after weaning, caused by shiga toxin 2e (stx2e) producing escherichia coli. recently in japan, outbreaks of ed are re-emerging in pig production. in this study we constructed a mutant that retained immunogenicity but lost vero cell cytotoxicity, which produced genetically modified toxin (stx2e*) by replacing glutamate with glutamine at position 167 and arginine with leucine at position 170 of the a subunit. the stx(2e)* gene was replaced wi ... | 2001 | 11427031 |
| sequences and antimycoplasmic properties of longibrachins lgb ii and lgb iii, two novel 20-residue peptaibols from trichoderma longibrachiatum. | longibrachins are members of the class of natural aib-containing peptides designated as peptaibols. six longibrachins, lga i-iv and lgb ii and iii, were purified from a trichoderma longibrachiatum strain by a procedure employing several chromatography steps including reversed-phase hplc. the amino acid sequence determination was based on a combination of liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (lsims) and two-dimensional 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopy. longibrachins are 20-residue peptaibols with a ... | 2001 | 11429993 |
| [expression of the proopiomelanocortin gene in the hypophysis of nicag-line hypertensive rats]. | expression of the proopiomelanocortin (pomc) gene in nisag rats with inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension has been investigated by the reverse transcription-competitive pcr method. normotensive rats of the inbred wistar albino glaxo (wag) strain have been used as control. the effect of 3 h immobilization stress has been examined. the content of pomc mrna in pituitaries of stressed nisag rats exceeds that in non-stressed rats of the same strain by a factor of 2.4. rats of the wag strain ... | 2001 | 11436556 |
| a coelectroporation method for the isolation of cryptic plasmids from lactococcus lactis. | a coelectroporation method using a marker plasmid for indirect selection of lactococcal plasmids with unassigned functions was evaluated. | 2001 | 11442806 |
| activation by gene amplification of pitb, encoding a third phosphate transporter of escherichia coli k-12. | two systems for the uptake of inorganic phosphate (p(i)) in escherichia coli, pita and pst, have been described. a revertant of a pita psts double mutant that could grow on p(i) was isolated. we demonstrate that the expression of a new p(i) transporter, pitb, is activated in this strain by a gene amplification event. | 2001 | 11443103 |
| attenuation of a field sendai virus isolate through egg-passages is associated with an impediment of viral genome replication in mouse respiratory cells. | we investigated the mechanisms responsible for attenuation of mouse pathogenicity of sendai virus (sev) through passages in eggs. a highly virulent clone, e0, derived from the field sev hamamatsu strain, was successively passaged in hen's eggs. analysis of the mouse lethal dose 50% (mld50) of virus clones obtained from the viruses at egg-passages 1, 15, 30 and 50 demonstrated that attenuation of e0 by egg-passage occurred due to the gradual appearance of and replacement by virus variants possess ... | 2001 | 11448028 |
| autoantigen glycoprotein 70 expression is regulated by a single locus, which acts as a checkpoint for pathogenic anti-glycoprotein 70 autoantibody production and hence for the corresponding development of severe nephritis, in lupus-prone pxsb mice. | retroviral envelope glycoprotein gp70 is present in the sera of immunologically normal and autoimmune-prone strains of mice. however, only lupus-prone mice spontaneously develop gp70-anti-gp70 immune complexes (gp70ic), and these have been implicated in the development of nephritis. we investigated the genetic factors that affect the production of both free serum gp70 and gp70ic in the lupus-prone bxsb mouse strain by analyzing (bxsb x (c57bl/10 x bxsb)f(1))- and (c57bl/10 x (c57bl/10 x bxsb)f(1 ... | 2001 | 11466397 |
| the implication of repeated versus continuous strain on nerve function in a rat forelimb model. | we studied the effect of repeated and continuous nerve strain using a rat forelimb model to investigate whether an innocuous level of strain applied continuously affects nerve function when applied repeatedly. we used the rat medial cord of the brachial plexus and assessed the effects of strain by studying nerve histology (blood-nerve barrier), function (grasping strength), and electrophysiology. continuous stretching was applied to the rat forelimb for 1 hour at 2 n. after this strain neither h ... | 2001 | 11466641 |
| recruitment of a foreign quinone into the a1 site of photosystem i. in vivo replacement of plastoquinone-9 by media-supplemented naphthoquinones in phylloquinone biosynthetic pathway mutants of synechocystis sp. pcc 6803. | interruption of the phylloquinone (phq) biosynthetic pathway by interposon mutagenesis of the mena and menb genes in synechocystis sp. pcc 6803 results in plastoquinone-9 (pq-9) occupying the a(1) site and functioning in electron transfer from a(0) to the fes clusters in photosystem (ps) i (johnson, t. w., shen, g., zybailov, b., kolling, d., reategui, r., beauparlant, s., vassiliev, i. r., bryant, d. a., jones, a. d., golbeck, j. h., and chitnis, p. r. (2000) j. biol. chem. 275, 8523-8530. we r ... | 2001 | 11470786 |
| [expression of glycoprotein gene of the rabies virus 3ag strain by e-3 deleted adenovirus recombinant]. | to analyze chinese rabies virus vaccine strain 3ag glycoprotein (gp) gene and further produce gp by e3-deleted human adenovirus recombinant. | 2000 | 11498699 |
| [overexpression of artificial synthetic gene of aspergillus niger nrrl3135 phytase in pichia pastoris]. | the phytase gene of aspergillus niger nrrl3135 was modified with a deletion of intron and signal coding sequence. then, according to the codon preference of pichia pastoris, modified phya gene was artificially synthesized and cloned into expression vector of ppicz alpha a. the recombinant plasmid was transformed into chromosome of pichia pastoris x-33 strain by electroporation. the results of sds-page and enzymatic kinetic analysis proved that the recombinant phytase was secreted into culture me ... | 2001 | 11517595 |
| isolation of an insertion sequence from ralstonia solanacearum race 1 and its potential use for strain characterization and detection. | a new insertion sequence (is), is1405, was isolated and characterized from a ralstonia solanacearum race 1 strain by the method of insertional inactivation of the sacb gene. sequence analysis indicated that the is is closely related to the members of is5 family, but the extent of nucleotide sequence identity in 5' and 3' noncoding regions between is1405 and other members of is5 family is only 23 to 31%. nucleotide sequences of these regions were used to design specific oligonucleotide primers fo ... | 2001 | 11525989 |
| nucleus accumbens dopamine depletions make animals highly sensitive to high fixed ratio requirements but do not impair primary food reinforcement. | it has been suggested that dopamine in nucleus accumbens is involved in the process of enabling organisms to overcome work-related response costs. one way of controlling work costs with operant schedules is to use fixed ratio schedules with different ratio requirements. in the present study, the effects of nucleus accumbens dopamine depletions were investigated using six schedules: fixed ratio 5, 20, 50, 100, 200, and 300. in the first three schedules the food reinforcement consisted of one 45 m ... | 2001 | 11530224 |
| analysis of the quality of protection induced by a porcine influenza a vaccine to challenge with an h3n2 virus. | antigenic drift of swine influenza a (h3n2) viruses away from the human a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2) strain, used in current commercial swine influenza vaccines, has been demonstrated in the netherlands and belgium. therefore, replacement of this human strain by a more recent swine h3n2 isolate has to be considered. in this study, the efficacy of a current commercial swine influenza vaccine to protect pigs against a recent dutch field strain (a/sw/oedenrode/96) was assessed. to evaluate the level ... | 2001 | 11557293 |
| reca-mediated rescue of escherichia coli strains with replication forks arrested at the terminus. | the recombinational rescue of chromosome replication was investigated in escherichia coli strains with the unidirectional origin orir1, from the plasmid r1, integrated within oric in clockwise (intr1(cw)) or counterclockwise (intr1(cc)) orientations. only the intr1(cc) strain, with replication forks arrested at the terminus, required reca for survival. unlike the strains with reca-dependent replication known so far, the intr1(cc) strain did not require recbcd, recf, recg, recj, ruvab, or sos act ... | 2001 | 11567007 |
| changes in hepatitis c virus population in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in chronically infected patients receiving liver graft from infected donors. | we have previously studied hepatitis c (hcv)-infected recipients of livers from hcv-infected donors and found that either the donor's strain or the recipient's strain predominate in serum. the current study was undertaken to determine whether these changes are complete and whether they are reflected in the population of virus associated with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs). | 2001 | 11571446 |
| a definite case of spondylodiscitis caused by streptococcus equisimilis. | to shed light on the role of streptococcus equisimilis (se) in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc infection, we report here a case of lumbar spondylodiscitis in a 37-year-old male caused by se, with identification of this strain by cultures from l4-l5 lumbar disc biopsy. intravenous therapy with penicillin and gentamycin combined with immobilization resulted in a rapid and complete recovery. the patient did not have underlying disease and showed no obvious history of exposure to animals. we ... | 2001 | 11579722 |
| a novel c-terminal kinesin is essential for maintaining functional acidocalcisomes in trypanosoma brucei. | kinesins are cytoskeletal motor proteins that play roles in a variety of fundamental cellular processes including cell division and the anterograde transport of vesicles and organelles. we purified, cloned, and functionally characterized in trypanosoma brucei a new member of the c-terminal kinesin family, tbkifc1. kinetic constants of the recombinant motor domain of tbkifc1 were estimated at 0.56 microm for the microtubule dissociation constant (k(d)) with a k(cat) of 0.2 s(-1). immunolocalizati ... | 2001 | 11581257 |
| long-term effects of feeding flaxseed-based diets. 1. egg production parameters, components, and eggshell quality in two strains of laying hens. | we used a split-plot design of five diets: control (corn-soy) with 3.8% ca, 10% flaxseed with 3.8% ca, 10% flaxseed with 4.5% ca, 10% flaxseed with 3.8% ca and 22,000 iu vitamin d3/kg, and 10% flaxseed with 4.5% ca and 22,000 iu vitamin d3/kg, and two strains of birds, dekalb delta (dd) and hy-line w-36 (hl), to evaluate long-term effects of flaxseed supplementation on egg production parameters. each of the five treatments was randomly assigned and replicated six times with five hens per replica ... | 2001 | 11599708 |
| trichoderma reesei rho3 a homologue of yeast rh03 suppresses the growth defect of yeast sec15-1 mutation. | the trichoderma reesei gene, rho3, encoding the functional homologue of the saccharomyces cerevisiae small gtp-binding protein rho3p was cloned as a suppressor of the secretion-deficient mutation sec15-1 in yeast. the encoded protein showed 61% amino acid identity to the rho3 protein. rescue of the growth defect of a rho3 disruption strain by an expression vector carrying rho3 cdna confirmed the functional homology with the s. cerevisiae rho3 gene. in addition, overproduction of t. reesei rhoiii ... | 2001 | 11680821 |
| construction of a francisella tularensis two-dimensional electrophoresis protein database. | we have started the construction of a two-dimensional database of the proteome of francisella tularensis, a bacterium that is responsible for the highly pathogenic disease tularemia. the genome of this intracellular pathogen is not completely sequenced yet and, currently, information about only 66 proteins is available from ncbi database. we have analyzed the f. tularensis live vaccine strain by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with immobilized ph 3-10 gradient in the first dimension and 9-16 ... | 2001 | 11681204 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel leaf-inhabiting osmo-, salt-, and alkali-tolerant yarrowia lipolytica yeast strain. | salt-excreting leaves of atriplex halimus plants harvested in the central negev highlands of israel were screened for yeasts inhabiting their surfaces. several aerobic, moderately salt- and alkali-tolerant yeasts were isolated. one of the isolates (tentatively designated s-8) was identified as yarrowia lipolytica (wick.) van der walt and arx, on the basis of its morphological, biochemical/physiological characteristics, and of quantitative chemotaxonomic and molecular marker analyses. however, th ... | 2001 | 11688215 |
| identification of genes associated with natural competence in helicobacter pylori by transposon shuttle random mutagenesis. | to identify genes involved in dna transformation, we generated 1500 insertion mutants of a helicobacter pylori strain by transposon shuttle mutagenesis. all mutant strains were screened for their frequency of natural transformation. a total of 20 mutant strains were found to exhibit a significantly decreased transformation frequency. dna sequencing revealed seven genetic loci, including the reported comb locus, hp0017 (a putative virb4 homologue) and five loci without database match (hp0015, hp1 ... | 2001 | 11689003 |
| [characteristics of mutants of streptomyces peucetius subsp. caesius atcc 27952 resistant to anthracycline antibiotics]. | daunorubicine (dnr) and doxorubicine (dxr) resistance to anthracycline antibiotics and antibiotical activity of the strain streptomyces peucetius subsp. caesius atcc 27952-2 and its daunorubicine- and doxorubicine-resistant (dnrr and dxrr) mutants have been studied. it has been found that strain s. peucetius subsp. caesius atcc 27952-2 is much more resistant to dxr than to dnr. it has been shown that frequency of appearance of spontaneous mutants of the strain s. peucetius subsp. caesius atcc 27 ... | 2001 | 11692678 |
| bovine staphylococcus aureus mastitis: strain recognition and dynamics of infection. | restriction enzyme fragmentation pattern (refp) analysis was used to recognise staphylococcus aureus strain variation in naturally occurring bovine subclinical mastitis. multiple colony refp analysis identified eight distinct strains of s. aureus in addition to the original strains a and b that were infused via the intramammary route, indicating that individual quarters of the udder may be colonised simultaneously by more than one strain of s. aureus. examination of multiple colonies per milk sa ... | 2001 | 11694041 |
| gender specificity in the genetic determinants of peak bone mass. | peak bone mass is a major determinant of osteoporotic fracture risk. gender differences in peak bone mass acquisition are well recognized in humans and may account for a substantial share of the increased prevalence of fragility fractures in women compared with men. skeletal development is regulated by both heritable and environmental factors. experimental animal models provide a means to circumvent complicating environmental factors. in this study we examined the heritability of peak bone miner ... | 2001 | 11697792 |
| [expression of the ge gene of pseudorabies virus in insect cells]. | in order to develop a simple and safe test for the detection of vaccinated as well as wild type pseudorabies virus (prv) infected pigs, the modified ge gene of prv ea strain, obtained by cutting the 5' utr using pcr and dna recombinant technique, was inserted into baculovirus expression vector pfastbac 1, resulting the trans-position plamid pfe1.75. after homologous recombination, recombinant baculovirus rvbace1.75 was gained and high level expression of glycoprotein e (ge) was observed after th ... | 2001 | 11702707 |
| resistance-nodulation-cell division-type efflux pump involved in aminoglycoside resistance in acinetobacter baumannii strain bm4454. | multidrug-resistant strain acinetobacter baumannii bm4454 was isolated from a patient with a urinary tract infection. the adeb gene, which encodes a resistance-nodulation-cell division (rnd) protein, was detected in this strain by pcr with two degenerate oligodeoxynucleotides. insertional inactivation of adeb in bm4454, which generated bm4454-1, showed that the corresponding protein was responsible for aminoglycoside resistance and was involved in the level of susceptibility to other drugs inclu ... | 2001 | 11709311 |
| [cloning and secretory expression of staphylokinase in streptomyces lividans]. | construct a recombinant streptomyces strain by which staphylokinase can be secretory expressed. | 1998 | 11717934 |
| characterization of a mycobacterium intracellulare variant strain by molecular techniques. | this paper describes a mycobacterium intracellulare variant strain causing an unusual infection. several isolates obtained from an immunocompromised patient were identified as members of the mycobacterium avium complex (mac) by the commercial accuprobe system and biochemical standard identification. further molecular approaches were undertaken for a more accurate characterization of the bacteria. up to seven different genomic sequences were analyzed, ranging from conserved mycobacterial genes su ... | 2001 | 11724827 |
| icmt is essential for pore formation-mediated egress of legionella pneumophila from mammalian and protozoan cells. | the final step of the intracellular life cycle of legionella pneumophila and other intracellular pathogens is their egress from the host cell after termination of intracellular replication. we have previously isolated five spontaneous mutants of l. pneumophila that replicate intracellularly similar to the wild-type strain but are defective in pore formation-mediated cytolysis and egress from mammalian and protozoan cells, and the mutants have been designated rib (release of intracellular bacteri ... | 2002 | 11748165 |
| [temperature sensitive mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1. i. pathogenicity and immunogenicity]. | the aim of the study was to characterize biological features of the sensitive mutant of hsv-1, derived from mcintyre strain by numerous virus passages at lowered replication temperature (28 degrees c). pathogenicity of obtained ts mutant for inbred mice lines, cfw/pzh and balb/cpzh, was determined. statistically significant decrease in virulence of the mutant for these mouse lines was demonstrated, as compared with the native virus strain, propagated at 37 degrees c. immunogenic activity of ts m ... | 2001 | 11757407 |
| identification of a gene essential for sheathed structure formation in sphaerotilus natans, a filamentous sheathed bacterium. | sphaerotilus natans, a filamentous bacterium that causes bulking in activated sludge processes, can assume two distinct morphologies, depending on the substrate concentration for growth; in substrate-rich media it grows as single rod-shaped cells, whereas in substrate-limited media it grows as filaments. to identify genes responsible for sheath formation, we carried out transposon tn5 mutagenesis. of the approximately 20,000 mutants obtained, 7 did not form sheathed structures. sequencing of the ... | 2002 | 11772646 |
| cellular and lipopolysaccharide fatty acid composition of the type strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, and klebsiella nonpathogenic species. | the cellular and lipopolysaccharide (lps) fatty acid compositions of the type strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, k. oxytoca, k. terrigena, k. planticola, and "k. trevisanii" were studied. the cellular fatty acids of klebsiellae were presented by straight-chain saturated and monounsaturated, cyclopropane, and hydroxy fatty acids. hexadecanoic, methylenehexadecanoic, octadecenoic and hexadecenoic acids prevailed. the k. pneumoniae strain mainly differed from the strains of other species by two and ... | 2001 | 11785258 |
| role of interleukin (il)-1 type 1 receptor in mycobacterial infection. | it is important to gain a better understanding of il-1-mediated signaling events in mycobacterial infection. in order to clarify the role of il-1 receptor type 1 (il-1 r1) in il-1 r1, knockout (ko) mice were infected with either mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv or kurono strain by the respiratory route, and their ability to control mycobacterial growth, pulmonary granuloma formation, and cytokine mrna expression was investigated. il-1 r1 ko mice developed significantly larger (p< 0.01) granuloma ... | 2001 | 11791667 |
| a novel plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase that hydrolyzes broad-spectrum cephalosporins in a clinical isolate of klebsiella pneumoniae. | a new extended-spectrum beta-lactamase with an isoelectric point (pi) of 6.2 was detected in klebsiella pneumoniae f161 that was isolated from a patient with infection. this strain was highly resistant to the third or fourth generation cephalosporins such as ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, and cefpirome. analysis of this strain by the double disk diffusion test showed synergies between amoxicillin-clavulanate (amx-ca) and cefotaxime, and amx-ca and aztreonam, which suggested that this st ... | 2001 | 11794541 |
| role of csrr, hyaluronic acid, and speb in the internalization of streptococcus pyogenes m type 3 strain by epithelial cells. | internalization of group a streptococcus by human epithelial cells has been extensively studied during the past 6 years. it is now clear that multiple mechanisms are involved in this process. we have previously demonstrated that the csrr global regulator controls the internalization of an invasive m type 3 strain through regulation of the has (hyaluronic acid synthesis) operon, as well as another, unknown gene(s). recently, it was reported that the csrr-regulated cysteine protease (speb) is also ... | 2002 | 11796571 |
| [construction of cryptococcus neoformans cap70 transformation system]. | to construct a transformation system of cryptococcus neoformans capsule-deficient strain cap70. | 2001 | 11798961 |
| prolonged herpes zoster in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | in 1983, varicella zoster virus (vzv) disease was first recognized in the context of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). since that time, there have been many reports discussing the occurrence and clinical manifestations of hepes zoster in hiv-infected patients. we describe the development of prolonged herpes zoster in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) over the course of 104 days. viral isolates at the three different clinical stages of the skin lesions ... | 2001 | 11804069 |
| characterization of glnk1 from methanosarcina mazei strain gö1: complementation of an escherichia coli glnk mutant strain by glnk1. | trimeric pii-like signal proteins are known to be involved in bacterial regulation of ammonium assimilation and nitrogen fixation. we report here the first biochemical characterization of an archaeal glnk protein from the diazotrophic methanogenic archaeon methanosarcina mazei strain gö1 and show that m. mazei glnk1 is able to functionally complement an escherichia coli glnk mutant for growth on arginine. this indicates that the archaeal glnk protein substitutes for the regulatory function of e. ... | 2002 | 11807063 |
| incidence and polymerase chain reaction assay of listeria monocytogenes from raw milk in gyeongnam province of korea. | a total of 50 raw milk samples from gyeongnam province of korea were examined for the incidence of listeria monocytogenes between july 1998 and august 1998. l. monocytogenes isolated by biochemical test was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with two sets of primers designed from the invasion-associated protein (iap) gene. after standard pcr with external primers, the amplified dna was confirmed by a second round of pcr with internal primers (nested pcr). both the external and internal ... | 2002 | 11808781 |
| a novel methodology employing corynebacterium glutamicum genome information to generate a new l-lysine-producing mutant. | classical whole-cell mutagenesis has achieved great success in development of many industrial fermentation strains, but has the serious disadvantage of accumulation of uncharacterized secondary mutations that are detrimental to their performance. in the post-genomic era, a novel methodology which avoids this drawback presents itself. this "genome-based strain reconstruction" involves identifying mutations by comparative genomic analysis, defining mutations beneficial for production, and assembli ... | 2002 | 11876415 |
| the p23 co-chaperone facilitates dioxin receptor signaling in a yeast model system. | hsp90, p23 and other chaperosome proteins are critical for the function of several enzymes and steroid hormone receptors. the dioxin receptor (dr) is an hsp90-regulated transcription factor that binds numerous toxic ligands, including the environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo(p)dioxin. we used a yeast model system that expressed human dr and arnt proteins to test whether p23 affected dr signaling. deletion of the sba1 gene (yeast p23 homolog) in this model system reduced ligand-me ... | 2002 | 11879970 |
| randomized, controlled human challenge study of the safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of a single dose of peru-15, a live attenuated oral cholera vaccine. | peru-15 is a live attenuated oral vaccine derived from a vibrio cholerae o1 el tor inaba strain by a series of deletions and modifications, including deletion of the entire ct genetic element. peru-15 is also a stable, motility-defective strain and is unable to recombine with homologous dna. we wished to determine whether a single oral dose of peru-15 was safe and immunogenic and whether it would provide significant protection against moderate and severe diarrhea in a randomized, double-blind, p ... | 2002 | 11895960 |
| electrophoretic karyotyping of candida albicans strains isolated from premature infants and hospital personnel in a neonatal intensive care unit. | electrophoretic karyotyping was used to compare dna probes of yeasts isolated from blood of preterm neonates (n = 66) in a neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) and from the hands of healthy hospital personnel (n = 10). the yeasts were identified as candida albicans using standard laboratory methods. dna was extracted from yeasts and isolation of identical dna strains from the pairs nurse-neonate suggested that one nurse transmitted one yeast strain by her hands to three neonates. four neonates ha ... | 2001 | 11899481 |
| effect of laczy-marking of the 2,4-diacetyl-phloroglucinol producing pseudomonas fluorescens-strain 5-2/4 on its physiological performance and root colonization ability. | transgenic pseudomonas fluorescens 5-2/4 with reinforced 2,4-diacetyl phloroglucinol (phl) production had shown increased biocontrol ability towards pythium ultimum (pu), but inferior root colonization ability compared to its wild type 5.014. therefore, enhanced root colonization ability of the transgenic strain by repeated inoculation and reisolation on tomato plants was suggested. as a preparation for repeated inoculation and reisolation cycles, the construction of a negative control of the tr ... | 2002 | 11911613 |
| virulence analysis of a salmonella gallinarum strain by oral inoculation of 20-day-old chickens. | in order to know the effect of in vitro passages on the pathogenicity of the salmonella gallinarum strain inta 91, a lyophilized culture was compared with the same strain recently isolated from a sick bird. the mean lethal dose (ld50) of the orally administered lyophilized culture was determined as 2.04 x 10(8) colony-forming units (cfu)/chicken. there was no correlation between the ld50 dose and the degree of disease produced; doses 10 or 100 times higher than the calculated ld50 did not produc ... | 2002 | 11922332 |
| helicobacter nemestrinae atcc 49396t is a strain of helicobacter pylori (marshall et al. 1985) goodwin et al. 1989, and helicobacter nemestrinae bronsdon et al. 1991 is therefore a junior heterotypic synonym of helicobacter pylori. | helicobacter nemestrinae bronsdon et al. 1991, a gastric helicobacter species isolated from a pigtailed macaque, is thought to be the species most closely related to the important human pathogen helicobacter pylori. the only available strain of this taxon is the type strain, atcc 49396t. we sequenced seven housekeeping genes and two flagellin genes for h. nemestrinae atcc 49396t. if atcc 49396t were a separate species, these sequences should have been distinct from those of h. pylori. instead, a ... | 2002 | 11931154 |
| pseudomonas lini sp. nov., a novel species from bulk and rhizospheric soils. | the taxonomic position of eight fluorescent pseudomonas strains isolated from bulk and rhizospheric soils, and from water was examined. these eight strains clustered in one phenon together with pseudomomas mandelii (cfbp 4844t), but could still be differentiated from this type strain by four phenotypic features. the eight stains exhibited internal dna-dna hybridization values ranging from 60 to 100%, with deltatm below 5 degrees c (3.9 and 4.3 degrees c) for the lowest values (60 and 66%). the p ... | 2002 | 11931164 |
| modulation of epothilone analog production through media design. | recently, the epothilone polyketide synthase (pks) was successfully introduced into a heterologous production host for the large-scale production of epothilone d. we have found that at least three other epothilones can also be produced as the major fermentation product of this recombinant strain by supplementation of specific substrates to the production media. addition of acetate or propionate to the media results in modulation of the epothilone d:c ratio, whereas addition of l-serine with eith ... | 2002 | 11938466 |
| phase contrast mri of myocardial 3d strain by encoding contiguous slices in a single shot. | quantitative measurements of inherently three-dimensional (3d) cardiac strain and strain rate require 3d data; mri provides uniquely high sensitivity to material strain by combining phase contrast with single-shot acquisition methods, such as echo-planar imaging (epi). previous mri methods applied to 3d strain used multiple two-dimensional (2d) acquisitions and suffered loss of sensitivity due to magnification within the strain calculation of physiologic noise related to cardiac beat-to-beat var ... | 2002 | 11948727 |
| evidence for the emergence of non-o1 and non-o139 vibrio cholerae strains with pathogenic potential by exchange of o-antigen biosynthesis regions. | the novel epidemic strain vibrio cholerae o139 bengal originated from a seventh-pandemic o1 el tor strain by antigenic shift resulting from homologous recombination-mediated exchange of o-antigen biosynthesis (wb*) clusters. conservation of the genetic organization of wb* regions seen in other serogroups raised the possibility of the existence of pathogenic non-o1 and non-o139 v. cholerae strains that emerged by similar events. to test this hypothesis, 300 v. cholerae isolates of non-o1 and non- ... | 2002 | 11953381 |
| production of biogenic amines and divercin v41 in cold smoked salmon inoculated with carnobacterium divergens v41, and specific detection of this strain by multiplex-pcr. | the objective of this study was to determine the technological behaviour (implantation and biogenic amines production) of carnobacterium divergens v41, an anti-listeria bacteriocin producer (divercin v41), after inoculation in cold smoked salmon (css). | 2002 | 11966900 |
| the rigidity of repaired flexor tendons increases following ex vivo cyclic loading. | transected flexor tendons are typically treated by suture repair followed by rehabilitation that generates repetitive tendon loading. recent results in an in vivo canine model indicate that during the first 10 days after injury and repair, there is an increase in the rigidity of the tendon repair site. our objective was to determine whether or not ex vivo cyclic loading of repaired flexor tendons causes a similar increase in repair-site rigidity. we simulated 10 days of rehabilitation by applyin ... | 2002 | 12021007 |
| purification and characterization of a novel polysaccharide involved in the pellicle produced by a thermotolerant acetobacter strain. | acetobacter strains able to produce a thick pellicle at 37 degrees c were screened among many thermotolerant strains isolated from fruits in thailand. as a result, acetobacter sp. sku 1100 was selected as the producer of a relatively thick pellicle even when cultured at higher temperatures such as 37 degrees c or 40 degrees c. this strain could produce a pellicle polysaccharide in a shaking submerged culture as well as under static culture conditions. the polysaccharide was found to be attached ... | 2002 | 12036050 |
| identification of bluetongue virus serotype 2 (corsican strain) by reverse-transcriptase pcr reaction analysis of segment 2 of the genome. | in october 2000, bluetongue virus was detected on the french island of corsica. the disease was also reported in sardinia, calabria, sicily and on the spanish islands of majorca and minorca. this paper describes the use of molecular techniques for a rapid identification and serotype determination of serotype 2 of the virus. the nucleotide sequences of segments 2 and 7 of the genome of the corsican strain were determined and its phylogenetic relationships are described. | 2002 | 12036242 |
| [newly isolated mink parvovirus strain]. | a new mink enteritis virus (mev) strain, called cherepanovo, was isolated in the novosibirsk region (west siberia). the level of this strain's accumulation in cell culture is lower than that of commercial mev strains rodniki or beregovoi. identification of cherepanovo strain by hemagglutination inhibition test, protein electrophoresis in denaturing polyacrylamide gel, and pcr showed its similarity to the previously described mev strains. comparative analysis of this strain's 5' and 3' nucleotide ... | 2002 | 12046466 |
| location of increased serum survival gene and selected virulence traits on a conjugative r plasmid in an avian escherichia coli isolate. | avian colibacillosis is a costly disease for the poultry industry. the mechanisms of virulence employed by the etiologic agent of this disease remain ill defined. however, accumulated evidence suggests that complement resistance and the presence of the increased serum survival gene (iss) in an avian escherichia coli isolate may be indicative of its ability to cause disease. this association of iss with the e. coli implicated in avian disease may mean that iss and/or, perhaps, the genes associate ... | 2002 | 12061643 |
| identification of escherichia coli genes that are specifically expressed in a murine model of septicemic infection. | identification and characterization of bacterial genes that are induced during the disease process are important in understanding the molecular mechanism of disease and can be useful in designing antimicrobial drugs to control the disease. the identification of in vivo induced (ivi) genes of an escherichia coli septicemia strain by using antibiotic-based in vivo expression technology is described. bacterial clones resistant to chloramphenicol in vivo were recovered from the livers of infected mi ... | 2002 | 12065479 |
| molecular heterogeneity of fluconazole-resistant and -susceptible oral candida albicans isolates within a single geographic locale. | the emergence of drug-resistant candida albicans in immunocompromised patients is common. a disconcerting aspect of this phenomenon is the rapid emergence of c. albicans strains that are resistant to a widely used azole drug, fluconazole (flz). to understand the origin of flz-resistant yeast isolates, we investigated molecular profiles of 20 geographically related oral c. albicans isolates using three genotyping methods: randomly amplified polymorphic dna-pcr, with six different primers (obu1, o ... | 2002 | 12076267 |
| growth characteristics of a highly virulent, a moderately virulent, and an avirulent strain of equine arteritis virus in primary equine endothelial cells are predictive of their virulence to horses. | equine viral arteritis (eva) is an endotheliotropic viral disease of horses caused by equine arteritis virus (eav). although there is only one serotype of eav, there is marked variation in the virulence of different strains of the virus. the replication and cytopathogenicity of three well-characterized strains of eav of different virulence to horses were compared in rabbit kidney (rk-13) and primary equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (ecs). viral protein expression, plaque size, and cytop ... | 2002 | 12093171 |
| a multistate outbreak of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o26:h11 infections in germany, detected by molecular subtyping surveillance. | in the spring of 2000, a cluster of indistinguishable shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) o26:h11 was identified in germany by molecular subtyping surveillance. an investigation was prompted to identify a common source of exposure. a case subject was defined as a person having a polymerase chain reaction-confirmed stec o26 infection between march and april 2000, irrespective of clinical signs, and whose isolate was indistinguishable from the index strain by use of pulsed-field gel elec ... | 2002 | 12134240 |
| intrafamilial transmission of salmonella oranienburg. | there were diffuse outbreaks of salmonella oranienburg in japan since march 1999 which included 1505 patients. the outbreak was caused through ingestion of a dried squid snack contaminated with s. oranienburg. such a large number of cases has not been previously recorded in japan or other countries. | 2002 | 12139563 |
| final classification of bisgaard taxon 9 as actinobacillus arthritidis sp. nov. and recognition of a novel genomospecies for equine strains of actinobacillus lignieresii. | phenotypic characterization of bacteria from diseased and healthy horses identified 18 isolates as bisgaard taxon 9 and 11 isolates as actinobacillus lignieresii. all strains of taxon 9 were alpha-galactosidase- and raffinose-positive and showed variable fermentation of (+)l-arabinose and (-)d-sorbitol. strains of a. lignieresii were negative for these characteristics, with the exception of raffinose. two strains from the (-)d-sorbitol-negative group of taxon 9 showed a 16s rrna similarity of 99 ... | 2002 | 12148635 |
| clinical and laboratory features of mycobacterium mageritense. | six clinical isolates of the nonpigmented, rapidly growing species mycobacterium mageritense were recovered from sputum, bronchial wash, blood, sinus drainage, and two surgical wound infections from separate patients in texas, new york, louisiana, and florida. the isolates matched the atcc type strain by pcr restriction enzyme analysis of the 65-kda hsp gene sequence of telenti, high-performance liquid chromatography, biochemical reactions, and partial 16s rrna gene sequencing. these are the fir ... | 2002 | 12149354 |
| improved bone structure and strength after long-term mechanical loading is greatest if loading is separated into short bouts. | mechanical loading presents a potent osteogenic stimulus to bone cells, but bone cells desensitize rapidly to mechanical stimulation. resensitization must occur before the cells can transduce future mechanical signals effectively. previous experiments show that mechanical loading protocols are more osteogenic if the load cycles are divided into several discrete bouts, separated by several hours, than if the cycles are applied in a single uninterrupted bout. we investigated the effect of discrete ... | 2002 | 12162508 |
| 17-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases of mycobacterium sp. vkm ac-1815d mutant strain. | whole cells and crude extract of mycobacterium sp. vkm ac-1815d mutant strain et1 were shown to carry out 17beta-reduction, 17beta-dehydrogenation and 1(2)-reduction of 3-keto-c(19)-steroids. two 17-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenases (17-oh sdh) were partially purified from the strain by ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion-exchange chromatography on deae-sephacel and gel-filtration on bio-gel a. the enzymes differed in chromatographic properties and specific activities. one enzyme--17-oh sdh (2) (te ... | 2002 | 12163139 |
| bfpu, a soluble protein essential for type iv pilus biogenesis in enteropathogenic escherichia coli. | a cluster of 14 genes located on the large plasmid of enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) strains is sufficient to direct the biogenesis of the type iv bundle-forming pilus (bfp) in a recombinant e. coli host. the fifth gene in the cluster, bfpu, encodes a protein that is predicted to be localized to the periplasmic space. to determine whether bfpu is necessary for pilus biogenesis, the authors constructed a non-polar bfpu mutant epec strain by allelic exchange. the mutant strain was unable ... | 2002 | 12177344 |
| the hexose transporters of saccharomyces cerevisiae play different roles during enological fermentation. | we investigated the role of hexose transporters in a saccharomyces cerevisiae strain derived from an industrial wine strain by carrying out a functional analysis of hxt genes 1-7 under enological conditions. a strain in which the sugar carrier genes hxt1-hxt7 were deleted was constructed and the hxt genes were expressed individually or in combination to evaluate their role under wine alcoholic fermentation conditions. no growth or fermentation was observed in winemaking conditions for the hxt1-7 ... | 2002 | 12185841 |
| [overexpression and detection of the mutated glucose isomerase gig138p and gig138p-g247d in streptomyces lividans]. | the shuttle expression vectors phzgi1 and phzgi2 were successfully constructed by inserting structural genes of gi containing single mutated site g138p and double mutated site g138p-g247d into e. coli-streptomyces shuttle vector phz-1272, respectively. then they were transformed into s. lividans tk54 strain by protoplast transformation. sds-page indicated that two shuttle vectors in tk54 strain expressed obviously specific bands at 42.5 kd after inducted by 2 micrograms/ml thiostrepton. optical ... | 2002 | 12192862 |
| a heritable structural alteration of the yeast mitochondrion. | prions have revived interest in hereditary change that is due to change in cellular structure. how pervasive is structural inheritance and what are its mechanisms? described here is the initial characterization of [leu(p)], a heritable structural change of the mitochondrion of saccharomyces cerevisiae that often but not always accompanies the loss of all or part of the mitochondrial genome. three phenotypes are reported in [leu(p)] vs. [leu(+)] strains: twofold slower growth, threefold slower gr ... | 2002 | 12196390 |
| direct evidence for gb virus c/hepatitis g virus (gbv-c/hgv) superinfection: elimination of resident viral strain by donor strain in a patient undergoing liver transplantation. | the viral genome of gb virus c/hepatitis g virus (gbv-c/hgv), a single-strand rna virus, is subject to considerable variability and at least four genotypes have been suggested based on phylogenetic analysis. while co-infection of gbv-c/hgv with other infectious agents such as hepatitis c virus (hcv) has been frequently observed, there is no report whether or not co-infection and/or superinfection occurs among different gbv-c/hgv strains. by studying a gbv-c/hgv positive recipient/donor pair in t ... | 2002 | 12210433 |
| neisseria gonorrhoeae strain pid2 simultaneously expresses six chemically related lipooligosaccharide structures. | neisseria gonorrhoeae strain pid2 was isolated from a woman suffering from pelvic inflammatory disease. when los expressed by this strain is analyzed on sds-page gels, at least six different lipooligosaccharide (los) components are visualized. we characterized the loss made by this strain by exoglycosidase digestion, sugar composition analysis, mass spectrometry, and analysis of the genes needed for its synthesis. dna sequence analysis showed that the lgt gene cluster in this strain has undergon ... | 2002 | 12213785 |
| vitamin a metabolism is altered in brown norway and long-evans rats infused with naftidrofuryl or erythromycin intravenously. | enzymatic retinyl ester hydrolysis is a key reaction for maintaining cellular retinol homeostasis. the ability of naftidrofuryl and erythromycin to inhibit retinol liberation by retinyl ester hydrolase (reh) in vitro suggests an ability to interfere with vitamin a metabolism in vivo, particularly during hepatic processing. to address this question, systemic and local response to these agents were studied in brown norway (bn) and long-evans (le) rats. the study was conducted in two parts: a drug- ... | 2002 | 12214558 |
| crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in albania, 2001. | during the spring and summer of 2001, an outbreak of eight cases of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) occurred in albania. the epidemiological investigation, the clinical presentation of the cases, and the course of the disease are described. seven of the cases were laboratory confirmed. a nosocomial infection and a cluster of cases within a family were observed. genetic analysis of the cchf virus strain that caused the outbreak showed that it was clustered together with other european cchf ... | 2002 | 12226691 |
| the alternative sigma factor sigma(e) plays an important role in intestinal survival and virulence in vibrio cholerae. | the alternative sigma factor sigma(e) (rpoe) is involved in the response to extracytoplasmic stress and plays a role in the virulence of a variety of different bacteria. to assess the role of sigma(e) in vibrio cholerae pathogenesis, a deltarpoe mutant was constructed and analyzed using the infant mouse model. the results here show that sigma(e) contributes significantly to the virulence of v. cholerae. the deltarpoe mutant was highly attenuated with a 50% lethal dose more than 3 logs higher tha ... | 2002 | 12228259 |
| improvement of recombinant protein yield by a combination of transcriptional amplification and stabilization of gene expression. | we explored the use of a cascade circuit for heterologous gene expression that consists of a regulatory module with a salicylate-inducible system that controls the expression of a second regulator, xyls2, whose product is activated by common inducers. activation and increasing the concentration of the second regulator synergistically induced heterologous genes downstream of the pm promoter in the expression module. this module can be placed in multicopy vectors or in the chromosome of a host str ... | 2002 | 12324354 |
| direct and efficient production of ethanol from cellulosic material with a yeast strain displaying cellulolytic enzymes. | for direct and efficient ethanol production from cellulosic materials, we constructed a novel cellulose-degrading yeast strain by genetically codisplaying two cellulolytic enzymes on the cell surface of saccharomyces cerevisiae. by using a cell surface engineering system based on alpha-agglutinin, endoglucanase ii (egii) from the filamentous fungus trichoderma reesei qm9414 was displayed on the cell surface as a fusion protein containing an rgshis6 (arg-gly-ser-his(6)) peptide tag in the n-termi ... | 2002 | 12324364 |
| equine herpesvirus-1-induced encephalomyelitis in mice: a comparative study of neuroadapted virus and its parental strain. | little is known about the neuropathogenicity of equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) in mice. no neurological signs were observed in 6-day-old mice inoculated intracerebrally with the hh1 strain (hh1) of ehv-1. however,6-day-old mice inoculated intracerebrally with a variant derived by serial passage of hh1 in mouse brain showed severe neurological symptoms and eventually died. histological analyses were performed on 6-day-old mice inoculated with the neuroadapted hh1 (nhh1) and the parental hh1 strain ... | 2002 | 12354522 |
| mycobacterial infection in natural killer t cell knockout mice. | to gain a better understanding of the pathological role of natural killer (nk) t cells in murine tuberculosis, nkt knockout (ko) mice (j(alpha)281(-/-)mice) were utilized. eight-week-old nkt ko mice of balb/c origin and wild-type (wt) mice were infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis kurono strain by the airborne route using an airborne infection apparatus, and their capacity to control mycobacterial growth, granuloma formation, and cytokine production were examined. the nkt ko mice developed g ... | 2002 | 12356461 |
| a polymorphic region in mycobacterium abscessus contains a novel insertion sequence element. | a polymorphic region was discovered in the genetically uncharacterized opportunistic pathogen mycobacterium abscessus. the region contains a novel 1.7 kb insertion sequence (is) named ismab1. ismab1 contains two complete orfs and one partial orf located in segments with over 80% nucleotide identity to mycobacterium avium is1601 and is999 and to previously unreported is-like elements from mycobacterium smegmatis. the marked similarity within this family of elements is supportive of horizontal tra ... | 2002 | 12368432 |
| experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the wistar rat: dependence of mbp-specific t cell responsiveness on b7 costimulation. | experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) is an animal model of human multiple sclerosis that requires the activation of autoreactive t cells for the expression of pathology. eae has been most frequently studied in the lewis rat model as well as in several murine models of eae including the plj and b10pl strains. in the present study we describe a novel model of eae induced in the wistar rat strain by immunization with guinea pig spinal cord antigens and pertussis toxin (pt). t cell respon ... | 2002 | 12389644 |
| genotypic and phenotypic characterization of the thymidine kinase of acv-resistant hsv-1 derived from an acyclovir-sensitive herpes simplex virus type 1 strain. | twenty-four strains of acyclovir (acv)-resistant (acv(r)) herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) were generated from the hsv-1 tas strain by exposure to acv, and the genotype and phenotype of the thymidine kinase (tk) from these mutants were analyzed. the tk polypeptide of the acv(r) hsv-1 strains was examined by western blot using an anti-hsv-1 tk rabbit serum. the sensitivity of each strain to acv, foscarnet and cidofovir (cdv) was also determined. a single guanine (g) insertion or a single cytos ... | 2002 | 12406508 |