| [the nutritive effect of bacillus cereus as a probiotic in the raising of piglets. 2. effect and microbial count, composition and resistance determination of gastrointestinal and fecal microflora]. | after a feeding trial of 42 days with 4 x 12 piglets 4 x 6 piglets were slaughtered and the influence of spores of the bacillus cereus strain fh 1457 s added to the feed on the microorganism counts of lactobacillus/bifidobacterium, eubacteria, bacteroidaceae, e. coli, enterococcus and passants (bacillus cereus) in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon was investigated. beside a negative control the feed was supplemented with 10(7), 10(8) and 10(9) cfu bacillus cereus/kg. the feeding trial i ... | 1993 | 8215895 |
| polyclonal antibody generation in rabbit by administration of an organophosphorus acid anhydrolase (opaa) from squid. | when a nerve gas hydrolyzing enzyme [organophosphorus acid anhydrolase (opaa), formerly dfpase] purified from squid hepatopancreas was injected into rabbits, the resulting sera (ras) inhibited opaa purified from either squid hepatopancreas or squid optic ganglia. the inhibition was non-competitive, with 50% inhibition at a 1:1,000 serum dilution, and with the limit of inhibition (in effect, a "titer") at approximately 1:10,000. this ras did not inhibit the distinctly different opaas from a mamma ... | 1993 | 8216373 |
| escherichia coli producing cnf1 and cnf2 cytotoxins in animals with different disorders. | two dna probes were used for the detection of cnf1- and cnf2-positive e coli strains in a collection of 553 e coli isolates from cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, dogs, cats and poultry. cnf-positive e coli were frequently associated with septicaemia in cattle, dogs, and cats, with diarrhoea in calves, cats and dogs, and with abortion in bovine and porcine species. cnf2-positive strains were observed among adult healthy cattle. they were also found in cases of pneumonia, metritis, mastitis in ... | 1993 | 8220498 |
| gene sequence, cdna construction, expression in escherichia coli and genetically approached purification of porcine interleukin-1 beta. | a genomic clone (pil3) covering the 8.8-kb prointerleukin-1 beta ('catabolin') gene of the domesticated swine (sus scrofa domestica) was isolated from a genomic library and characterized by nucleotide sequencing. typical features of the gene include a seven-exon structure, with the highest degree of nucleotide and amino acid conservation among human and porcine genes being found in the receptor-binding portion encoded by exons six and seven. three 250-bp repetitive elements with a > 75% similari ... | 1993 | 8223584 |
| ependymal cells of the choroid plexus express tumour necrosis factor-alpha. | tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha) is a major proinflammatory cytokine which appears in the cerebrospinal fluid very early after endotoxin challenge, and is likely to be produced locally. following in vivo and in vitro challenge with endotoxin, we have demonstrated immunocytochemically and by in situ hybridization that pig and guinea-pig choroid plexus ependymal cells can produce tnf alpha. immuno-electron microscopy shows that this protein is localized within ependymal cells to the cytopl ... | 1993 | 8232752 |
| characterisation of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli isolated from pigs and cattle in northern italy. | | 1993 | 8236671 |
| mapping and sequence of the gene encoding the african swine fever virion protein of m(r) 11500. | the gene encoding the african swine fever virus protein of m(r) 11,500, present in the virus particle, has been mapped and sequenced in the genome of the vero cell-adapted virus strain ba71v. a serum raised against virion proteins of m(r) 12,000 to 13,000 isolated from polyacrylamide gels was used to screen a plasmid expression library, containing viral dna random fragments, that expresses viral polypeptides fused to beta-galactosidase. using this method, we have identified and sequenced the ope ... | 1993 | 8245848 |
| a cdna derived from pig bone marrow cells predicts a sequence identical to the intestinal antibacterial peptide pr-39. | we have recently shown that a group of antimicrobial peptides of bovine neutrophils share highly identical pro-sequences. in this paper we report the cdna sequence of a 172 amino acid residue pig myeloid protein showing a similar pro-sequence of 101 residues. the carboxyl-moiety of the predicted protein is identical to the mature form of the proline- and arginine-rich antibacterial peptide named pr-39, isolated from pig intestine. | 1993 | 8250863 |
| sequence studies on pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes. | the amino acid sequences of two pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes, namely glutamate decarboxylase and 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, were solved by a combination of direct protein sequencing and cdna sequencing. in the case of glutamate decarboxylase from escherichia coli, correct ordering of three internal peptides was achieved by sequencing a fragment of dna generated by pcr. in the case of 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase from pig liver, chemical studies on the reaction of the enzyme w ... | 1993 | 8251112 |
| site-specific mutagenesis of the metal binding sites of porcine fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. | mutations in the metal binding sites of porcine fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase were carried out by site-specific mutagenesis based on the crystal structure of the enzyme. the mutant and wild-type enzymes have been characterized by circular dichroism spectrometry and initial-rate kinetics. one of the mutant forms of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (glu280gln) is associated with a single metal site, whereas two other mutants (glu97gln and asp118asn) ligate two metal ions. the mutant enzymes exhibit very ... | 1993 | 8274021 |
| active site mutants of escherichia coli citrate synthase. effects of mutations on catalytic and allosteric properties. | we report properties of five active site mutants of escherichia coli citrate synthase, in which histidine 264, aspartate 362, and phenylalanine 383 were replaced by alanines, and arginines 387 and 407 by leucines. all mutants have much lower turnover numbers than wild type enzyme; the strongest effect was with the arginine 387 mutant, perhaps because the substrate, oxaloacetate, binds in a different orientation. the arginine 407 mutant has lost most of its ability to distinguish alpha-ketoglutar ... | 1994 | 8276829 |
| site-directed mutagenesis studies on the iron-binding domain and the determinant for the substrate oxygenation site of porcine leukocyte arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase. | cdna for arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase of porcine leukocytes was expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant 12-lipoxygenase was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography to near homogeneity with a specific activity of about 1.5 mumol/min per mg protein. each of eight histidine residues, which were well-conserved among various mammalian lipoxygenases and presumed as ligands for non-heme iron, was substituted with leucine by site-directed mutagenesis. each mutant enzyme was immunoaffinity-purif ... | 1994 | 8305485 |
| synthesis of mammalian prolylendopeptidase in escherichia coli and analysis of the recombinant protein. | prolylendopeptidase is a cytoplasmic serine proteinase which hydrolyses peptide bonds at the c-terminal side of prolines. here, the expression in escherichia coli of the cdna coding for the enzyme from porcine brain is reported. furthermore, the purification of active prolylendopeptidase from the extract of recombinant bacterial cells is described. the large amounts of protein obtained were used to gain insight in the substrate specificity of recombinant prolylendopeptidase, by using internally ... | 1993 | 8318538 |
| detection of passage and absorption of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs by use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fluorescent antibody testing. | chicken egg yolk igg can be absorbed and transferred as efficiently as colostral antibodies in the blood of neonatal pigs. egg yolk igg has a half-life of 1.85 days in newborn pig serum. this is shorter than the reported half-life (12 to 14 days) of homologous igg in serum of pigs. similar to colostral antibodies, egg yolk igg absorption from intestine ceased at about 34 hours of age, after a logarithmic decrease in absorption rate from birth. egg yolk igg absorption inhibition time in the gastr ... | 1993 | 8323054 |
| experimental infection of neonatal pigs with cnf toxin-producing strains of escherichia coli. | to examine and compare the pathogenicity of cytotoxic necrotising factor (cnf)-producing escherichia coli, two litters of piglets were infected orally with 10(10) e coli o88 or 10(10) e coli o32 strains. of the six piglets infected with e coli o88, two died within 24 hours and three developed blood-stained diarrhoea. the other piglets were killed one, five, six and eight days after infection, when bacterial cultures indicated an overwhelming bacteraemic infection with e coli o88 in the early sta ... | 1993 | 8337478 |
| characterization of two dna probes specific for serpulina hyodysenteriae. | two dna probes, one 1.1- and one 0.75-kb probe, specific for serpulina hyodysenteriae were isolated from a genomic library generated from virulent s. hyodysenteriae 5380. these probes are highly specific and react with all s. hyodysenteriae strains tested. under stringent conditions, the dna probes did not react with the nonpathogenic species serpulina innocens or with other species of enteric bacteria, including escherichia coli. both probes are able to detect s. hyodysenteriae in colony blot h ... | 1993 | 8349750 |
| the major iron-containing protein of legionella pneumophila is an aconitase homologous with the human iron-responsive element-binding protein. | legionella pneumophila has high iron requirements, and its intracellular growth in human monocytes is dependent on the availability of intracellular iron. to learn more about iron metabolism in l. pneumophila, we have undertaken an analysis of the iron proteins of the bacterium. we first developed an assay to identify proteins by 59fe labelling and nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the assay revealed seven iron proteins (ips) with apparent molecular weights of 500, 450, 250, 210, ... | 1993 | 8366052 |
| copper-resistant enteric bacteria from united kingdom and australian piggeries. | thirty-three enteric isolates from australian (escherichia coli only) and united kingdom (u.k.) (salmonella sp., citrobacter spp., and e. coli) piggeries were characterized with respect to their copper resistance. the copper resistance phenotypes of four new australian e. coli isolates were comparable with that of the previously studied e. coli k-12 strain ed8739(prj1004), in that the resistance level in rich media was high (up to 18 mm cuso4) and resistance was inducible. copper resistance was ... | 1993 | 8368840 |
| isolation of three antibacterial peptides from pig intestine: gastric inhibitory polypeptide (7-42), diazepam-binding inhibitor (32-86) and a novel factor, peptide 3910. | two antibacterial peptides, cecropin p1 and pr-39 (39-residue proline/arginine-rich peptide), from the upper part of pig small intestine have previously been isolated and characterized. we have now continued our search for antibacterial peptides in different side fractions generated during the isolation of intestinal hormones. starting from one such fraction and monitoring activity against bacillus megaterium, we isolated three homogeneous peptides by three consecutive chromatographic steps. ami ... | 1993 | 8375398 |
| pore-forming bacterial toxins potently induce release of nitric oxide in porcine endothelial cells. | nitric oxide (no) is believed to play an important role in sepsis-related hypotension. we examined the effects of two pore-forming bacterial exotoxins, escherichia coli hemolysin and staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin, on no formation in cultured porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. no was quantified using a difference-spectrophotometric method based on the rapid and stoichiometric reaction of no with oxyhemoglobin. endothelial cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels were also monitored. bot ... | 1993 | 8391061 |
| transposon mutagenesis in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae with a tn10 derivative. | a transposon mutagenesis procedure functional in the gram-negative swine pathogen actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was developed for the first time. the technique involved the use of a suicide conjugative plasmid, plof/km, carrying a mini-tn10 with an isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside (iptg)-inducible transposase located outside the mobile element (m. herrero, v. de lorenzo, and k. n. timmis, j. bacteriol. 172:6557-6567, 1990). the plasmid was mobilized from escherichia coli to a. pleuropneu ... | 1993 | 8396122 |
| prevalence and some properties of verotoxin (shiga-like toxin)-producing escherichia coli in seven different species of healthy domestic animals. | fecal samples from 720 healthy, domestic animals representing seven different species (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens, dogs, and cats) were investigated for verotoxin (vt [shiga-like toxin])-producing escherichia coli (vtec). vtec were isolated from 208 animals (28.9%), most frequently from sheep (66.6% vtec carriers), goats (56.1%), and cattle (21.1%). vtec were isolated less frequently from pigs (7.5%), cats (13.8%), and dogs (4.8%) and were not found in chickens (< 0.7%). forty-one diff ... | 1993 | 8408571 |
| high-level expression in escherichia coli of the gene coding for the major structural protein (p72) of african swine fever virus. | the gene encoding the major structural protein (p72) of african swine fever virus (asfv) has been expressed in escherichia coli using a t7 rna polymerase system. the use of a recombinant plasmid which contains the entire gene inserted between the t7 promoter and the transcription terminator of the expression vector allowed us to obtain a high expression level of the intact viral protein. this polypeptide, which appears in the insoluble fraction of the bacterial extracts, showed an intense reacti ... | 1993 | 8428668 |
| african swine fever virus encodes a dna ligase. | sequencing of the ecori n' fragment of african swine fever virus (asfv) dna revealed an open reading frame encoding a protein similar to atp-dependent dna ligases. when the gene encoding this protein was expressed in escherichia coli, a protein of the expected molecular mass was labeled in bacterial extracts upon incubation with [alpha-32p]atp. the recombinant protein comigrated in sds-page with the putative viral dna ligase detected in extracts of infected cells. we demonstrate that the recombi ... | 1993 | 8438592 |
| inhibition of adhesion of escherichia coli k88 to piglet ileal mucus by lactobacillus spp. | enteropathogenic escherichia coli k88 colonizing the piglet ileum adhere to the mucosa by k88 fimbrial appendages. a recent study in our laboratory has implicated indigenous lactobacilli in the suppression of the colonization potential of enteropathogenic e. coli as measured by adhesion to ileal mucus. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lactobacillus spp. of porcine origin on the adhesion of k88 fimbriae of e. coli. with an in vitro assay, the adhesion of e. coli k88ab strain ... | 1993 | 8439162 |
| trimethoprim resistance arising in animal bacteria and transferring into human pathogens. | | 1993 | 8440954 |
| expression in escherichia coli of the cloned flavin-containing monooxygenase from pig liver. | the amino acid sequence of pig liver flavin-containing monooxygenase (pglfmo) was determined by nucleotide analysis of cdna clones isolated using synthetic oligonucleotide probes. most of the clones isolated were missing the 5'-noncoding region and the first seven codons including the putative initiation codon atg. a full-length cdna clone, pglfmo1, was obtained by extending the 5'-end sequence to include an atg initiation codon and the codons corresponding to the 5'-end using the polymerase cha ... | 1993 | 8444881 |
| [the role of bacterial adhesion in urinary tract infections]. | bacteria adhere to and colonize almost any surface. the mechanism by which bacteria interact with the mucosal surface appears to involve specific molecular ligands or adhesins on the surface of the bacteria that interlock with specific receptor molecules on the surface to be colonized. material adhesion allows the microorganisms to resist being washed away by the fluids and secretions that bathe mucosal surfaces and is a necessary prerequisite to growth, colonization, and subsequent infection. m ... | 1993 | 8447048 |
| further characterization of pasteurella haemolytica-like bacteria isolated from swine enteritis. | dna-dna hybridization studies were conducted on six pasteurella haemolytica-like (phl) organisms recovered from cases of swine enteritis. chromosomal-enriched fractions of phl organisms served as the source of dna for southern blots or as whole-chromosomal dna probes. under stringent hybridization conditions, chromosomal dna probes of a prototype phl (strain 6213a) organism distinguished other phl organisms from pasteurella haemolytica types a1 and t3, pasteurella multiocida types a:1 and a:3, e ... | 1993 | 8460470 |
| toxicity of bordetella avium beta-cystathionase toward mc3t3-e1 osteogenic cells. | bordetella avium is the etiological agent of an upper respiratory disease in birds which, symptomatically and pathologically, resembles bordetellosis in humans. studies of the virulence of this organism revealed a novel cytotoxic protein, designated osteotoxin, that was lethal for mc3t3-e1 osteogenic cells, fetal bovine trabecular cells, umr106-01(bsp) rat osteosarcoma cells, and embryonic bovine tracheal cells. the osteotoxin lacked dermonecrotic toxin activity, exhibited no cross-reactivity wi ... | 1993 | 8463265 |
| a review and update on adult syphilis, with particular reference to its treatment. | syphilis has become less common in europe in the last decade, but has once again become a major problem in the usa, and remains so in many developing countries. several treponemal genes have now been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, allowing study of treponemal proteins. the importance of cell mediated immunity in syphilis has been demonstrated in animal models. a diagnosis of syphilis is usually confirmed by dark-field microscopy or serological tests. seroconversion may be delayed in h ... | 1993 | 8476969 |
| the synergistic effect of trauma and infection on interleukin-1 but not tumor necrosis factor liberation during posttraumatic gram-negative septicemia. | the release profiles of interleukin 1 (il-1) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) were studied during experimental escherichia coli septicemia and peritonitis with and without a preceding (-48 h) moderate trauma (femur marrow nailing). the trauma alone did not induce significant il-1 or tnf liberation to plasma. during septicemia, a rapid il-1-rise (+30 min) and subsequent normalization (+120 min) was seen. a previous trauma delayed (30 min), but accentuated (2x) and prolonged (> 4 h) the il-1 respon ... | 1993 | 8482300 |
| sequence of the streptomyces thermoviolaceus cub74 alpha-amylase-encoding gene and its transcription analysis in streptomyces lividans. | the alpha-amylase (amy)-encoding gene (amy) of streptomyces thermoviolaceus cub74, previously cloned in escherichia coli and s. lividans and localised on a 1.7-kb bamhi-sphi genomic dna fragment, has been sequenced. a single open reading frame of 1380 bp, which could encode an amy protein of 460 amino acids (aa), was identified. the deduced aa sequence of the thermophilic amy is similar (up to 69.5%) to the mesophilic amy of s. griseus, s. limosus, s. venezuelae and s. hygroscopicus. a 40% seque ... | 1993 | 8486279 |
| structure and expression in e. coli of the gene coding for protein p10 of african swine fever virus. | the gene encoding protein p10, a structural protein of african swine fever (asf) virus, has been mapped, sequenced and expressed in e. coli. protein p10 was purified from dissociated virus by reverse-phase hplc, and its nh2-terminal end identified by automated edman degradation. to map the gene encoding protein p10, a mixture of 20-mer oligonucleotides based upon a part of the amino acid sequence was hybridized to cloned asf virus restriction fragments. this allowed the localization of the gene ... | 1993 | 8503790 |
| adjuvant activity of the escherichia coli wf table l-form cytoplasmic membranes. | it was established that the stable e. coli wf+ l-form cytoplasmic membranes (cm) increase the antibody response in rabbit during experimental hyperimmunization with cells of streptococcus pyogenes a49 and proteus mirabilis d52. using the skin-induration test and the reaction for aggregation of macrophages in presence of homologous antigens it was established that cm increase the cell-mediated immunity of guinea-pigs to protein antigens of the same bacterial strains. | 1993 | 8511999 |
| genetic analysis of escherichia coli from porcine postweaning diarrhoea. | a total of 79 australian isolates of beta-haemolytic escherichia coli from cases of porcine postweaning diarrhoea (pwd), and 18 isolates of serotype o 149:k91:k88 (f4) from unweaned pigs from australia, indonesia and denmark, were examined by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. these were divided into 57 electrophoretic types (ets), with an overall mean genetic diversity per enzyme locus of 0.466. this value closely resembled that previously recorded for the whole species. not only was the collec ... | 1993 | 8519322 |
| bacterial expression and refolding of single-chain fv fragments with c-terminal cysteines. | two antibody single-chain fv (scfv) fragments carrying five c-terminal histidine residues were expressed in escherichia coli as periplasmic inclusion bodies. their variable heavy (vh) and light (vl) domains are derived from the mouse monoclonal antibody 215 (mab215), specific for the largest subunit of rna polymerase ii of drosophila melanogaster and rat mab yol1/34, specific for pig brain alpha-tubulin. scfv-215 contains an additional cysteine residue near to its c-terminus. after solubilizatio ... | 1995 | 8521451 |
| increased mannose-specific adherence and colonizing ability of escherichia coli 083 in breast-fed infants. | | 1995 | 8525957 |
| factors influencing the fate of escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium in germ-free piglets and rats. | | 1995 | 8525970 |
| efficacy of meropenem in experimental meningitis. | meropenem and comparator antibiotics, including ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, benzyl penicillin and a combination of ampicillin plus gentamicin, were evaluated in a model of bacterial meningitis in the guinea-pig. the model is an acute infection in which challenge with each organism, if untreated, causes an increase in numbers of white blood cells, elevation of protein concentrations and 6-8 log10 cfu/ml of bacteria in the csf. infections caused by haemophilus influenzae, neisseria meningitidis, thr ... | 1995 | 8543501 |
| veterinary use of new quinolones in japan. | five new quinolones are used as veterinary medicines in japan. benofloxacin and ofloxacin are orally given in feed or in drinking water for respiratory diseases due to mycoplasma spp. and escherichia coli in poultry. enrofloxacin is subcutaneously, intramuscularly or orally administered to cattle and swine for pneumonia due to pasteurella spp., mycoplasma spp. and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and diarrhoea due to e. coli, and is used orally for respiratory diseases in poultry. danofloxacin is ... | 1995 | 8549286 |
| transferrin associated with the porcine intestinal mucosa is a receptor specific for k88ab fimbriae of escherichia coli. | putative receptors of escherichia coli k88 fimbriae are either tightly membrane bound or an integral part of membranes. thus, proteins associated with piglet small intestinal mucosae were solubilized by a detergent (deoxycholate). a 74-kda glycoprotein (gp74) purified from enterocyte and brush border membrane preparations was specifically detected in vitro by k88ab fimbriae. gp74 was recognized only in the mucosae of phenotypically adhesive animals. metaperiodate treatment abolished the recognit ... | 1996 | 8550214 |
| aggregation-promoting factor in pig intestinal lactobacillus strains. | autoaggregation was frequently encountered among intestinal lactobacilli isolated from weaned pigs. the aggregation mechanism was shown to be mediated by the production of a proteinaceous aggregation-promoting factor in two strains of lactobacillus reuteri. a 32 kda aggregation-promoting protein was detected in these strains by cross-reaction with rabbit polyclonal antibodies for aggregation-promoting factor produced by the human isolate lact. plantarum 4b2. coaggregation reactions of lact. reut ... | 1995 | 8554760 |
| molecular characterization of a common 48-kilodalton outer membrane protein of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. | previous studies have shown that a vaccine prepared from outer membranes of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 can elicit protective immunity in swine against challenge with either serotype 5 or serotype 1. these results suggest the presence of common subcapsular surface antigens, such as outer membrane proteins, that contribute to cross-protective immunity. we have identified a 48-kda outer membrane protein that is common to all 12 capsular serotypes of a. pleuropneumoniae but is not pr ... | 1996 | 8557378 |
| study of hemagglutinating property of enteroinvasive escherichia coli from various geographical locations. | thirty-four strains of enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec) were examined for their ability to agglutinate erythrocytes from different animal species. all strains cultured in casamino acid-yeast extract medium in the presence of 1 mm cacl2 at 37 c for 16-22 hr induced maximal expression of hemagglutination (ha) of broad spectrum erythrocytes. the strongest ha was observed with guinea-pig erythrocytes followed by human (o type), rat, mouse, rabbit and sheep erythrocytes. all the strains failed ... | 1995 | 8569044 |
| unusual evolution of 11beta- and 17beta-hydroxysteroid and retinol dehydrogenases. | 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases regulate glucocorticoid concentrations and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases regulate estrogen and androgen concentrations in mammals. phylogenetic analysis of the sequences from two 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and four mammalian 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases indicates unusual evolution in these enzymes. type 1 11beta- and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are on the same branch; type 2 enzymes cluster on another branch with beta-hydroxy ... | 1996 | 8593166 |
| liposomal cefoxitin in a porcine model of intra-abdominal sepsis: bactericidal efficacy. | the bactericidal effect of free versus liposomal cefoxitin was evaluated in the major reticuloendothelial organs in a porcine model of intra-abdominal sepsis. yorkshire landrace pigs were inoculated with 3.2 x 10(10) (n = 5) or 1.4 x 10(11) (n = 7) cfu of escherichia coli mixed in sterile feces/animal. two treatment groups inoculated with 1.4 x 10(11) cfu were established: free cefoxitin (n = 9) and liposomal cefoxitin (n = 9). all animals were maintained under anesthesia and euthanized after 24 ... | 1995 | 8595526 |
| molecular cloning of a cdna encoding diacylglycerol kinase (dgk) in arabidopsis thaliana. | diacylglycerol kinase (dgk) synthesizes phosphatidic acid from diacylglycerol, an activator of protein kinase c (pkc), to resynthesize phosphatidylinositols. the structure of dgk has not been characterized in plants. we report the cloning of a cdna, catdgk1, encoding dgk from arabidopsis thaliana. the catdgk1 cdna contains an open reading frame of 2184 bp, and encodes a putative protein of 728 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 79.4 kda. the deduced atdgk1 amino acid sequence exhibit ... | 1996 | 8605313 |
| interaction of verotoxin 2e with pig intestine. | in pigs with edema disease, verotoxin 2e (vt2e) is produced in the intestine and transported to tissues, but neither the mechanism by which toxin passes through the intestine nor its failure to induce an enterotoxic reaction is understood. binding of vt2e to pig intestine was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay involving microvillus membranes (mvm) and crude mucus; thin-layer chromatographic overlay immunoassay with total lipids extracted from mvm; and indirect immunofluorescence of to ... | 1996 | 8613382 |
| expression of soluble cloned porcine pepsinogen a in escherichia coli. | a system for the production of soluble porcine pepsinogen a (ec 3.4.23.1) was developed by fusing the pepsinogen and thioredoxin genes and then expressing the fused product (trx-pg) in escherichia coli. the expressed fusion protein was purified using a combination of ion-exchange and hydrophobic chromatography. trypsin digestion of the fusion protein yielded pepsinogen which was one residue longer than the intrinsic length. acidification of either the fusion protein or pepsinogen (tryptic digest ... | 1996 | 8615812 |
| nucleotide sequence and expression in e. coli of the complete p4 type vp4 from a g2 serotype human rotavirus. | the complete sequence of a p4 type vp4 gene from a g2 serotype human rotavirus, is2, isolated in india has been determined. although the is2 vp4 is highly homologous to the other p4 type alleles, it contained acidic amino acid substitutions at several positions that make it acidic among the p4 type alleles that are basic. moreover, comparative sequence analysis revealed unusual polymorphism in members of the p4 type at amino acid position 393 which is highly conserved in members of other vp4 typ ... | 1996 | 8634023 |
| removal of map4 from microtubules in vivo produces no observable phenotype at the cellular level. | microtubule-associated protein 4 (map4) promotes mt assembly in vitro and is localized along mts in vivo. these results and the fact that map4 is the major map in nonneuronal cells suggest that map4's normal functions may include the stabilization of mts in situ. to understand map4 function in vivo, we produced a blocking antibody (ab) to prevent map4 binding to mts. the cooh-terminal mt binding domain of map4 was expressed in escherichia coli as a glutathione transferase fusion protein and was ... | 1996 | 8636213 |
| development and evaluation of an elisa to detect escherichia coli k88 (f4) fimbrial antibody levels. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to determine igg antibody levels against k88 (f4) fimbrial antigen from porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) has been developed. the elisa method was checked with serum samples obtained from rabbits and pigs, and the parameters affecting the method were also analysed. elisa plates were optimally coated with k88 antigen 0.5 microgram/ml for testing rabbit antiserum or with 1.25 microgram/ml for testing pig serum. optimal concentrations of h2 ... | 1996 | 8636963 |
| glycans of bovine lactoferrin function as receptors for the type 1 fimbrial lectin of escherichia coli. | bovine lactoferrin strongly inhibited the hemagglutination activity of type 1 fimbriated escherichia coli. in addition, it agglutinated these bacteria. the agglutination reaction was specifically inhibited by glycopeptides derived from bovine lactoferrin or alpha-methyl-d-mannoside. these observations indicate that the glycans of bovine lactoferrin can serve as receptors for type 1 fimbrial lectin. | 1996 | 8641764 |
| role of the ceramide-signaling pathway in cytokine responses to p-fimbriated escherichia coli. | escherichia coli express fimbriae-associated adhesins through which they attach to mucosal cells and activate a cytokine response. the receptors for e. coli p fimbriae are the globoseries of glycosphingolipids; gal alpha 1-->4gal beta-containing oligosaccharides bound to ceramide in the outer leaflet of the lipid bilayer. the receptors for type 1 fimbriae are mannosylated glycoproteins rather than glycolipids. this study tested the hypothesis that p-fimbriated e. coli elicit a cytokine response ... | 1996 | 8642245 |
| inhibition of interleukin-6 synthesis in an animal model of septic shock by anti-c5a monoclonal antibodies. | the complement activation fragment c5a was recently shown to induce interleukin (il)-6 synthesis by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. to understand better the role of c5a in cytokine regulation in vivo, we investigated the effects of complement depletion by cobra venom factor (cvf) or of anti-c5a monoclonal antibodies (mab) on il-6 generation in an animal model of septic shock. complement-depleted pigs which were subsequently challenged with escherichia coli generated significantly (p < 0.05) ... | 1996 | 8647174 |
| a new approach to the treatment of experimental septic shock. | previous work has shown that disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic) may produce multiple organ failure, including adult respiratory distress syndrome, by obstruction of visceral micro circulation by microclots dic can be produced by sepsis. this study tests the ability of a plasminogen activator to prevent death from an intravenous injection of killed escherichia coli by causing lysis of the microclots. subjects were two groups of 8 pigs each with body weight of 60-70 lbs. killed escherich ... | 1996 | 8656601 |
| cloning and expression of pig kidney dopa decarboxylase: comparison of the naturally occurring and recombinant enzymes. | l-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (dopa decarboxylase; ddc) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp)-dependent homodimeric enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of l-dopa and other l-aromatic amino acids. to advance structure-function studies with the enzyme, a cdna that codes for the protein from pig kidney has been cloned by joining a partial cdna obtained by library screening with a synthetic portion constructed by the annealing and extension of long oligonucleotides. the hybrid cdna was then ... | 1996 | 8670114 |
| production of a human epidermal growth factor fusion protein and its degradation in rat gastrointestinal flushings. | this study describes the biosynthesis of a human epidermal growth factor fusion protein, long egf, that has a 53 amino acid extension peptide derived from the 46 n-terminal amino acids of porcine gh. the approach allowed the production of long egf at high efficiency due to the expression of the fusion protein in high yield as inclusion bodies in escherichia coli. long egf had a slightly lower potency compared with native egf in a range of assays, including binding to anti-egf antibodies or the e ... | 1996 | 8672237 |
| truncated enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 intimin (eaea) fusion proteins promote adherence of ehec strains to hep-2 cells. | intimin, the product of the eaea gene in enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 (ehec), is required for intimate adherence of these organisms to tissue culture cells and formation of the attaching and effacing lesion in the gnotobiotic pig. because of the importance of intimin in the pathogenesis of ehec o157:h7 infection in this animal model, we began a structure-function analysis of eaea. for this purpose, we constructed amino-terminal fusions of the intimin protein with six histidine resi ... | 1996 | 8675331 |
| acute ethanol intoxication and endotoxemia after trauma. | to determine actions of acute intoxication on pathophysiologic responses to trauma, anesthetized and ventilated mongrel pigs received a 20% solution of ethanol (etoh) by an intravenous (iv group; 2 g/kg, n = 8) or an oral (po group; 3 g/kg, n = 12 x 60 minutes) route of administration, or the lactated ringer's vehicle (lr group; n = 12). after 60 minutes, all were subjected to soft tissue injury and 30 to 35% hemorrhage, 60-minute shock, and then resuscitation, with shed blood plus supplemental ... | 1996 | 8676425 |
| cloning and expression of dipeptidase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus atcc 23055. | the gene encoding dipeptidase was cloned from acinetobacter calcoaceticus atc 23055. determination of the nucleotide sequence revealed that the gene had an open reading flame of 1,050 bp coding a protein of 350 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence showed 48.8% similarity to human renal dipeptidases and conserved two amino acid residues identified in human and pig renal dipeptidases as essential ones for the catalytic activity. purified recombinant enzyme expressed in escherichia coli did ... | 1995 | 8690717 |
| survival of model bacterial strains and helminth eggs in the course of mesophilic anaerobic digestion of pig slurry. | the effect of methanogenesis on the survival of model bacterial strains (escherichia coli ec 5, staphylococcus aureus sa 11, enterococcus faecium ccm 4231) and non-embryonated helminth eggs (ascaris suum) was investigated in pig slurry. two pilot-plant experiments were carried out in two anaerobic digesters (800 and 1,000 litre) in a mesophilic thermal range (35-37 degrees c). the mean hydraulic retention time of the digesters was 20 days. the methanogenesis process was monitored by determining ... | 1996 | 8693668 |
| single-amino acid substitutions eliminate lysine inhibition of maize dihydrodipicolinate synthase. | dihydrodipicolinate synthase (dhps; ec 4.2.1.52) catalyzes the first step in biosynthesis of lysine in plants and bacteria. dhps in plants is highly sensitive to end-product inhibition by lysine and, therefore, has an important role in regulating metabolite flux into lysine. to better understand the feedback inhibition properties of the plant enzyme, we transformed a maize cdna for lysine-sensitive dhps into an escherichia coli strain lacking dhps activity. cells were mutagenized with ethylmetha ... | 1996 | 8700867 |
| serogroups of escherichia coli isolated from piglets in spain. | serogroups of 1334 e. coli colonies isolated in spain between 1986 and 1991 from piglets with diarrhoea, oedema disease and from healthy piglets, were determined. the serogroups determined in e. coli from diarrhoea were: o1, o2, o4, o5, o7, o8, o9, o12, o20, o21, o23, o25, o26, o32, o39, o45, o54, o75, o78, o80, o83, o91, o92, o101, o103, o113, o115, o116, o118, o125, o127, o138, o139, o141, o149, o153 and o157; from pigs with oedema disease: o8, o101, o138, o149 and o157; and from healthy pigle ... | 1996 | 8701567 |
| endotoxic shock alters distribution of blood flow within the intestinal wall. | to investigate whether a redistribution of blood flow from the mucosa to the muscular layer of the intestinal wall contributes to the observed increased arterial-mucosal pco2 gradient and the decreased mucosal tonometric ph during endotoxic shock. | 1996 | 8706490 |
| effects of oil adjuvant on systemic response to escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide in swine. | intramuscular injection of 0.1 mg/kg of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) mixed with freund's complete adjuvant (lps+fca) in piglets mitigated the leukopenia and tnf-alpha and cortisol levels in the serum compared with that of lps suspended in lps-free saline. the endotoxin level in the serum of the lps+fca was remarkably reduced. these results suggest that the addition of oil adjuvant mitigate the systemic toxicity of lps. | 1995 | 8720054 |
| pulmonary surfactant function following endotoxin: effects of exogenous surfactant treatment. | in a porcine model of endotoxin-induced adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) we tested the hypothesis that the severity of lung injury would vary with the concentration of endotoxin and that reestablishment of normal surfactant function with exogenous surfactant would vary with the severity of lung injury. the therapeutic effects of exogenous surfactant treatment on pulmonary surfactant function have varied greatly in animal models of ards. this has created discrepancies in the literature ... | 1996 | 8721392 |
| a continuous epitope from transmissible gastroenteritis virus s protein fused to e. coli heat-labile toxin b subunit expressed by attenuated salmonella induces serum and secretory immunity. | antigenic site d from the spike protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), which is a continuous epitope critical in neutralization, has been expressed as a fusion protein with e. coli heat-labile toxin b subunit (lt-b) in attenuated s. typhimurium. synthetic peptides containing the sequence of site d induced tgev neutralizing antibodies when inoculated subcutaneously in both rabbits and swine. a synthetic oligonucleotide encoding residues 373-398 of tgev s protein, including antigen ... | 1996 | 8725098 |
| bacterial adherence and biofilm formation on latex and silicone t-tubes in relation to bacterial contamination of bile. | t-tube-related bacteriobilia causes infectious complications and obstruction. to prevent these, the choice of t-tube material may be of importance. | 1996 | 8726310 |
| bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on various double-j stents in vivo and in vitro. | the aim of this study was to determine whether bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation occur on various ureteric stent materials in vivo and in vitro and whether there is any correlation between biofilm formation and urinary tract infection. using an open surgical procedure, 23 double-j stents of 8 different types were inserted in the ureters of 13 piglets. after 6 weeks intubation, 2 (9%) of the 23 stented renal units yielded positive urine culture. scanning electron microscopy (sem) showed sp ... | 1996 | 8727860 |
| antigenic variability among north american and european strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus as defined by monoclonal antibodies to the matrix protein. | two hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the 19-kda matrix (m) protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) were obtained from balb/c mice that were immunized with a reference quebec tissue culture-adapted strain (strain iaf-klop). the polypeptide specificities of the mabs were determined by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation tests with concentrated and purified preparations of the virus and by determining their reactivities with the escher ... | 1996 | 8735103 |
| genotypic and phenotypic characterization of escherichia coli isolates from dogs manifesting attaching and effacing lesions. | thirteen escherichia coli isolates from dogs manifesting attaching and effacing lesions were characterized genetically with respect to the presence of the following virulence determinants associated with human enteropathogenic e. coli (epec): eaea, encoding the outer membrane protein intimin; eaeb, which is necessary for inducing signal transduction; bfpa, encoding the bundle-forming pilus; and the eaf (stands for epec adherence factor) plasmid. these isolates were also analyzed phenotypically w ... | 1996 | 8748291 |
| antimicrobial resistance of escherichia coli isolates from the faecal flora of veterinarians with different professional specialties. | the prevalence of antibiotic resistant escherichia coli isolates from faecal samples from 110 veterinarians with different specialties (predominantly working with cattle, swine, poultry, or small animals or working as a non-practitioner, e.g. in government or industry) was investigated. in 22% and 13% of the veterinarians e. coli isolates showed a high level of resistance to oxytetracycline and ampicillin respectively. a significantly higher percentage of cattle practitioners had a high level of ... | 1995 | 8751277 |
| pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binding of a recombinant rat serine: pyruvate/alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase. | serine: pyruvate/alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase in the liver is a class iv amino-transferase. the present study was undertaken to characterize the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp) binding to a recombinant rat serine: pyruvate/alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase (spt10), which is a homodimer of 44.4 kda subunits. purified spt10 exhibited absorption maxima at approximately 330 nm in addition to a 278 nm protein peak and a approximately 420 nm peak of plp bound via schiff base, and contained 0.5 ... | 1996 | 8797099 |
| molecular epidemiology of escherichia coli o157:h7 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and comparison with that by bacteriophage typing. | one hundred twenty-four escherichia coli o157:h7 isolates were characterized by pulse-field gel electrophoresis, bacteriophage typing, and pcr of verotoxin genes. diversity indices obtained--0.786 for phage types and 0.987 for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types--demonstrated that phage typing falls below the critical value (0.9) required for confident interpretation of results. | 1996 | 8815116 |
| effect of supplementary feeding during the sucking period on net absorption from the small intestine of weaned pigs. | an intestinal perfusion technique was used to measure the effects of supplementary feeding (experiment 1) and temporary weaning (experiment 2) during the sucking period on the net absorption of fluid, sodium, chloride and potassium from the small intestine of pigs after weaning. the technique was also applied to control pigs which did not receive supplementary feed and were not temporarily weaned during the sucking period. paired intestinal segments were prepared at five sites along the small in ... | 1996 | 8819198 |
| late cut silage suspected of causing milk taint. | | 1996 | 8825324 |
| evaluation of a pcr for detection of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in mixed bacterial cultures from tonsils. | a pcr for the detection of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was evaluated. all of 102 field, isolates of a, pleuropneumoniae reacted in the pcr by amplification of a 985 bp product. no pcr amplification product was observed when examining strains of a. ureae, a. capsulatus, a. hominis, a. equuli, a, rossii, a. suis, escherichia coli, bordetella bronchiseptica. streptococcus suis, pasteurella haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, haemophilus parasuis, haemophilus taxon minor group, haemophilus taxon ... | 1996 | 8828126 |
| mapping of epitopes on porcine zona pellucida-3 alpha by monoclonal antibodies inhibiting oocyte-sperm interaction. | zona pellucida glycoprotein 3 alpha (zp3 alpha) has been designated as the primary sperm receptor ligand in porcine gamete interaction. in this study, epitopes were mapped on porcine zp3 alpha (pzp3 alpha) by using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) possessing in vitro contraceptive efficacy. using western blots, we tested recombinant pzp3 alpha fragments expressed as fusion proteins in escherichia coli and corresponding to pzp3 alpha precursor protein amino acid residues 18-142 (f1), 140-243 (f2), 23 ... | 1996 | 8828847 |
| purification and characterization of a component produced by lactobacillus fermentum that inhibits the adhesion of k88 expressing escherichia coli to porcine ileal mucus. | it has previously been shown that lactobacillus fermentum strain 104r releases compounds into its culture fluid that inhibit the adhesion of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli k88. the aim of the present study was to purify and identify this compound. judged by gel filtration, the compound was found to be approximately 1700 kda. the amount of active compound increased upon prolonged incubation, while the number of viable cells reduced, suggesting that the activity was coming from dead cells. as th ... | 1996 | 8852678 |
| three-dimensional structure of porcine kidney d-amino acid oxidase at 3.0 a resolution. | the x-ray crystallographic structure of porcine kidney d-amino acid oxidase, which had been expressed in escherichia coli transformed with a vector containing dao cdna, was determined by the isomorphous replacement method for the complex form with benzoate. the known amino acid sequence, fad and benzoate were fitted to an electron density map of 3.0 a resolution with an r-factor of 21.0%. the overall dimeric structure exhibits an elongated ellipsoidal framework. the prosthetic group, fad, was fo ... | 1996 | 8864836 |
| isotype and antibody specificity of spontaneously formed immunoglobulins in pig fetuses and germ-free piglets: production by cd5- b cells. | pig fetuses, colostrum-deprived newborns and germ-free (gf) piglets, animals in which b-cell development is not influenced by maternal regulatory factors, were employed to study the occurrence and specificity of natural antibodies (nab). serum immunoglobulins of all isotypes were found in 44-day-old fetuses (the gestation period in pigs lasts 114 days) and their level, with predominating igm, was increased during fetal ontogeny. in sera of fetuses at the end of embryonic life as well as of newbo ... | 1996 | 8881765 |
| splanchnic homeostasis during endotoxin challenge in the pig as assessed by microdialysis and tonometry. | the splanchnic region is particularly susceptible to shock. the purpose of this study was to evaluate microdialysis of the liver and small intestine as a monitor of splanchnic metabolic deterioration (elevation of lactate and hypoxanthine) in porcine endotoxic shock. tonometry of the small intestine was used as a reference. microdialysis probes (liver, ileum, and artery), tonometer, and pulmonary artery catheter were inserted. eight animals were given escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide endotoxi ... | 1996 | 8885084 |
| synthesis, processing, and oligomerization of bovine herpesvirus 1 ge and gi membrane proteins. | this study reports the identification and initial characterization of the precursors, modified forms, and oligomers of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) gi and ge proteins with polyvalent rabbit serum specific for gi or ge. our experiments used the colorado strain of bhv-1 and mutant viruses with insertions of the escherichia coli lacz gene into the predicted ge and gi reading frames. we also translated the ge and gi open reading frames in vitro and expressed them in uninfected cells using eukaryotic ... | 1996 | 8892910 |
| oedema disease caused by o-rough escherichia coli. | | 1996 | 8903022 |
| effects of immune challenge, dietary energy density, and source of energy on performance and immunity in weanling pigs. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrient density and dietary energy source on performance and immune function of weanling pigs that were either challenged or not challenged with escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps). a basal diet was formulated to contain 14 g cp/mj de and 7 g lysine/100 g cp. sulfur amino acids, threonine and tryptophan were kept constant relative to lysine. experimental diets were mixed using 70 parts basal diet and either 30 parts starch or a ... | 1996 | 8904712 |
| induction of interleukin (il)-1beta and il-8 mrna expression in porcine macrophages by lipopolysaccharide from serpulina hyodysenteriae. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is a classic inducer of inflammatory cytokines and is a key virulence factor for most gram-negative pathogens. the effect of phenol-water (lps) and butanol-water (endotoxin) extracts from serpulina hyodysenteriae on inflammatory cytokine mrna expression from porcine alveolar macrophages was investigated. the lps and endotoxin extracts from s. hyodysenteriae induced a dose-dependent expression of interleukin 1beta (il-1beta) and il-8 which was weak compared with the respo ... | 1996 | 8926114 |
| identification of ligand recognition sites in heat-stable enterotoxin receptor, membrane-associated guanylyl cyclase c by site-directed mutational analysis. | guanylyl cyclase c (star), a receptor protein for heat-stable enterotoxin (sta) elaborated by escherichia coli, is associated with and spans the plasma membrane of mammalian intestinal cells. the extracellular domain functions in the binding of sta and the association of each domain to an oligomeric form. two amino acid residues, arg-136 and asp-347, were identified as the residues binding to sta in the extracellular domain of pig star by site-directed mutagenesis and analysis of expression on 2 ... | 1996 | 8945558 |
| modulation of the activity of human 17 alpha-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase (cyp17) by cytochrome b5: endocrinological and mechanistic implications. | using nadph-cytochrome p-450 reductase as electron donor the homogeneous pig 17 alpha-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase (cyp17) was shown to catalyse the conversion of delta 5, as well as delta 4, steroids (pregnenolone and progesterone respectively) predominantly into the corresponding 17 alpha-hydroxylated products. the latter were then cleaved by the lyase (desmolase) activity of the enzyme into androgens. cytochrome b5 stimulated both these activities, but its most noticeable effect was on the formati ... | 1995 | 8948449 |
| interpretive criteria for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of ceftiofur against bacteria associated with swine respiratory disease. | ceftiofur, an extended-spectrum cephalosporin, is active against a variety of animal pathogens, including organisms associated with swine respiratory disease. however, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) breakpoint and disk diffusion interpretive criteria have not been established for swine pathogens. susceptibility tests were performed by broth microdilution mic and disk diffusion methods on 246 bacterial species that cause swine respiratory disease. ceftiofur was active against salmonella s ... | 1996 | 8953533 |
| probing the presumed catalytic triad of selenium-containing peroxidases by mutational analysis of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (phgpx). | single and double site mutants affecting the presumed catalytic centre of the selenoenzyme phgpx were subjected to functional analysis. the rate constants k+1 and k'+2, for the oxidation and the regeneration of the ground state enzyme were estimated, respectively. moreover, the alkylation rate of the reactive centre by iodoacetate (kinact.) was also analysed. the substitution of the catalytically competent selenocysteine 46 by cysteine (phgpxcys46) decreased k+1 and k'+2 by about three orders of ... | 1995 | 8962674 |
| molecular characterization of escherichia coli strains isolated from pigs with edema disease. | the present study was conducted to investigate the epidemiological relationship of isolates of escherichia coli causing edema disease. classical edema disease has not previously been described in denmark, but between february 1994 and november 1995 cases appeared in 51 pig herds, among which direct or indirect trading contacts were confirmed for 36 of the herds. a total of 213 isolates from pigs with edema disease in denmark and other countries and 23 e. coli o139 isolates from pigs with diarrhe ... | 1997 | 8968875 |
| circuit factors in the high cardiac output of sepsis. | the increase of cardiac output (co) in sepsis must be matched by an increase in venous return. our goal was to determine which of the determinants of venous return are responsible in volume-loaded and nonvolume-loaded pigs with endotoxemia. the determinants include stressed volume, venous compliance (cv), venous resistance (rvr) and right atrial pressure (pra). we also tested the effect of the nitric oxide (no) synthase inhibitor, n omega-nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (l-name) after the hemodyna ... | 1996 | 8977991 |
| strategies for designing an immunocontraceptive vaccine based on zona pellucida synthetic peptides and recombinant antigen. | immunization of female bonnet monkeys (macaca radiata) with pig zona pellucida glycoprotein zp3 using adjuvants permissible for human use leads to infertility. fifty per cent of the animals conceived after antibody titres declined. animals that failed to regain their fertility did not show any obvious ovarian changes. as part of the attempt to design an effective immunocontraceptive vaccine based on synthetic peptides, the epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies (mab) against pig zp3 alpha ... | 1996 | 8984175 |
| binding of recombinant pig zona pellucida protein 1 (zp1) to acrosome-reacted spermatozoa. | in an immunofluorescent study, recombinant pig zona pellucida protein 1 (pzp1) produced in escherichia coli bound to acrosome-reacted spermatozoa from five different mammals. the location of the binding site moved from the equatorial region to the midpiece and tail regions during the incubation. this finding suggests that pig zp1 acts as a secondary sperm-binding receptor in an interspecies manner and assists penetration of the spermatozoa through the zona pellucida. the recombinant pzp1 bound t ... | 1996 | 8984189 |
| in vivo and in vitro phosphorylation of rotavirus nsp5 correlates with its localization in viroplasms. | nsp5 (ns26), the product of rotavirus gene 11, is a phosphoprotein whose role in the virus replication cycle is unknown. to gain further insight into its function, we obtained monoclonal antibodies against the baculovirus-expressed protein. by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting experiments, we showed that (i) nsp5 appears in many different phosphorylated forms in rotavirus-infected cells; (ii) immunoprecipitated nsp5 from rotavirus-infected cells can be phosphorylated in vitro by incubation ... | 1997 | 8985320 |
| characterization of coronavirus rna polymerase gene products. | | 1996 | 9026661 |
| glucosylation of small gtp-binding rho proteins disrupts endothelial barrier function. | the endothelial cytoskeleton is important for the regulation of endothelial barrier function. small gtp-binding rho proteins play a central role in the organization of the microfilament system. clostridium difficile toxin b (tcdb) inactivates rho proteins by glucosylation at thr-37. we used tcdb as a probe to study the role of rho proteins in the regulation of endothelial barrier function. tcdb time (50-170 min) and dose (10-100 ng/ml) dependently increased the hydraulic conductivity of cultured ... | 1997 | 9038900 |
| studies on the development and use of a monoclonal sandwich elisa for the detection of verotoxic escherichia coli in animal faeces. | a sandwich elisa using monoclonal antibodies to escherichia coli verocytotoxins 1 and 2 for capture and detection was developed for detection of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) in animal faeces. for optimal toxin detection, the faeces were cultured in macconkey broth before subculture on to trypticase soy agar containing mitomycin c. it was possible to detect between 10 and 10(3) vti-producing and 1 to 10 vt2-producing e coli/g faeces, and overall the sensitivity and specificity ... | 1997 | 9042694 |