| differentiation of newly isolated strains of trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi by agglutination and precipitation reactions. | serological relationships between new isolates of trypanosoma cruzi from a single locality have been examined by direct agglutination and immunodiffusion, and compared with established strains. the strains were divided into three groups according to the absorption properties of their precipitinogens. the three groups were defined by the same characteristics as those in which strains of wide-ranging provenance and long laboratory history have been placed by previous workers. a lack of corresponde ... | 1975 | 1982 |
| presence and properties of thymidylate synthase in trypanosomatids. | high speed centrifugal supernatant fractions of homogenates of a number of trypanosomatids were assayed for thymidylate synthase (5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate: dump c-methyltransferase, ec 2.1.1.45) activity using the method of lomax and greenberg (1967) j. biol. chem. 242, 109-113). similar activities were detected in crithidia fasciculata, crithidia oncopelti, the blood forms of trypanosoma brucei, trypansoma congolense and trypanosoma lewisi and the blood, intracellular and culture forms o ... | 1977 | 14696 |
| characterization of an adenylyl cyclase activity in particulate preparations from epimastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi. | particulate preparations from epimastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi contain an adenylyl cyclase (atp pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), ec 4.6.1.1) which could be stored at --20 degree c and resisted 5 cycles of freezing and thawing over 10 days without significant loss of activity. the enzyme reaction strictly required mn2+, had a ph optimum of 7.7 and was not inhibited or stimulated by naf. particles prepared in the presence of 10 mm mn2+ or mg2+ were 3--4 times more active than particles prep ... | 1977 | 15618 |
| observations on the feeding and defecation patterns of three triatomine species (hemiptera: reduviidae). | a comparative laboratory study of feeding and defecation behavior of three species of tritomines (rhodnius prolixus, triatoma infestans and t. dimidiata) indicated evident differences among the species and among the different stages of same species. time required for a full blood meal was related to the size of the specimen. insects required an average of 11-28 min for engorgement although some finished within 10 min. t. dimidata frequently interrupted the act of feeding, a probable explanation ... | 1977 | 16468 |
| factors affecting transmission of vector-borne blood parasites. | | 1977 | 16469 |
| comparison of infectivity of trypanosoma cruzi blood stream trypomastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigotes from rhodnius prolixus. | four strains of trypanosoma cruzi (y, bg, m and peru) retain their ability to infect rhodnius prolixus and to produce virulent infections in mice for from 12 to 39 years. about 60 or more metacyclic trypomastigotes were consistently lethal to mice. the mean number of metacyclics per bug ranged from 1.2 to 17.3 x 10(3). comparative studies of virulence of metacyclics and blood trypomastigotes showed the blood forms to be slightly more virulent. the route of injection was shown to be more signific ... | 1977 | 16470 |
| immunization against trypanosoma cruzi using killed antigens and with saponin as adjuvant. | the immunization of mice with killed epimastigotes or trypomastigotes with saponin spl as adjuvant was challenged by inoculation of blood or metacyclic trypomastigotes of t. cruzi. immunogenic preparations were obtained by freeze-thawing of formalin treatment. the protection was effective against homologous and heterologous challenge, and lasted up to 12 weeks after the last immunization. the immunization was also effective against metacyclic trypomastigote challenge. the immunogenicity of the k ... | 1977 | 16471 |
| the malic enzyme from trypanosoma cruzi. | | 1977 | 16984 |
| hydrogen peroxide generation in trypanosoma cruzi. | homogenates from t. cruzi epimastigotes produced 3.4 pmoles h2o2/min 10(6) cells, as detected by the cytochrome c peroxidase assay. addition of nadh or nadph increased h2o2 production by a factor of 3 and 5, respectively. when supplemented with nadh and nadph, the mitochondrial, microsomal and supernatant fractions produced h2o2, the soluble fraction and the mitochondrial membranes being apparently the main generators of h2o2. the epimastigote homogenates showed cyanide-sensitive superoxide dism ... | 1977 | 20323 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: kinetic properties of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. | | 1977 | 23304 |
| effect of beta-lapachone on hydrogen peroxide production in trypanosoma cruzi. | beta-lapachone, an antimicrobial agent, markedly increase the generation of h2o2 in intact trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes (y strain). increase in h2o2 was determined by the horseradish peroxidase-h2o2 compound ii formation as well as by a cytochemical technique. | 1978 | 24995 |
| purification and some properties of the nadp-linked glutamate dehydrogenase from trypanosoma cruzi. | | 1978 | 27404 |
| concanavalin a receptors on the cell membrane of trypanosoma cruzi. | epimastigotes and trypomastigotes of t. cruzi obtained from acellular culture as well as bloodstream trypomastigotes agglutinate with concanavalin a (con a). con a-binding sites were also localized on the cell membrane by using the con a-horseradish peroxidase-diaminobenzidine method. passage of epimastigotes and trypomastigotes from acellular culture through deae-cellulose column did not affect con a-binding sites as detected by agglutination and electron miscroscopy. | 1978 | 28652 |
| ivth annual meeting on basic research in chagas disease (biology of trypanosoma cruzi). minas gerais, brazil, 5--7 november 1977. abstracts. | | 1978 | 31667 |
| the in vitro interaction of trypanosoma cruzi bloodstream forms and mouse peritoneal macrophages. | the uptake and further development of bloodstream forms from t. cruzi y and cl strains in mouse peritoneal macrophages have been investigated. parasites from the y strain (which present predominance of slender forms) are 20 to 30-fold more infective to macrophages than those from cl strain in which stout forms highly predominate. a complete amastigote-trypomastigote cycle is observed in normal or thioglycollate-induced macrophages infected with parasites from both strains.--opsonization signific ... | 1978 | 31774 |
| generation of free radicals from phenazine methosulfate in trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. | a significant growth inhibition of trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes by phenazine methosulfate (pms) was observed in warren's medium. this toxic activity could be related to the following parameters: a) formation of phenazinium free radical, b) generation of superoxide anion in intact cells incubated with pms, and c) pms also increased significantly the rate of o2- generation in epimastigotes mitochondrial and microsomal fractions using nadh as electron donor. | 1978 | 31775 |
| the influence of hydroxyurea and colchicine on growth and morphology of trypanosoma cruzi. | cultures of trypanosoma cruzi have been exposed to the drugs hydroxyurea and colchicine. we found that hydroxyurea (200 microgram/ml) completely inhibited growth and differentiation of t. cruzi y strain. colchicine (200 microgram/ml) reduced the growth of t. cruzi 30% and stimulated cell differentiation from epimastigotes to trypomastigotes. furthermore it caused anuclear cells with apparently intact kinetoplasts. the possible use of these anuclear forms in studies on kinetoplast dna organizatio ... | 1978 | 31776 |
| development of trypanosoma cruzi in the vector in the absence of blood. | first stage nymphs of triatoma infestans and dipetalogaster maximus which had never fed after egg hatching, were allowed to ingest by artificial feeding a blood-free suspension of trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes collected from experimentally infected mice. a high percentage of the vectors acquired a normal infection and produced infective stages. the parasite's development in the vector did not require blood but may have needed the presence of unknown factors secreted and/or excreted in the in ... | 1978 | 32750 |
| superoxide anion production and trypanocidal action of naphthoquinones on trypanosoma cruzi. | | 1978 | 33002 |
| trypanosoma cruzi, leishmania donovani, and l. mexicana: extract factor that lyses mammalian cells. | | 1979 | 35361 |
| type i interferon induced in mice by infection with trypanosoma equiperdum. | type ii interferon is known to be produced in mice infected with trypanosoma cruzi. therefore, interferon production was investigated in mice infected with trypanosoma equiperdum. interferon was found in the sera of mice infected with t. equiperdum from day 1 after infection until death on day 5. the maximal level of interferon appeared before parasitemia was detected, a finding showing that the endogenous interferon probably had no significant influence on the course of infection. unexpectedly, ... | 1979 | 35574 |
| inhibition of the nadp-linked glutamate dehydrogenase from trypanosoma cruzi by silver nitrate. | the purified nadp-linked glutamate dehydrogenase from trypanosoma cruzi was strongly inhibited by silver nitrate. the inhibition was reversed by reduced glutathione, and was modified by the presence of the substrates during preincubation of the enzyme with the inhibitor. | 1979 | 39772 |
| acid and neutral hydrolases in trypanosoma cruzi. characterization and assay. | twelve acid hydrolases, 4 near-neutral hydrolases, and alkaline phosphatase were demonstrated in 0.34 m sucrose homogenates of trypanosoma cruzi strain y: p-nitrophenylphosphatase and alpha-naphthylphosphatase, with optimum ph at approximately 6.0; alpha=ga;actpsodase. beta=ga;actpsodase. beta=g;icpsodase, n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, cathepsin a and peptidase i and iii, with optimum ph between 5.0 and 6.0; and arylsulfatase, cathepsin d, alpha-arabinase and alpha-mannosidase with optimum ph a ... | 1979 | 40019 |
| the presence of basic proteins associated to the kinetoplast-dna of trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. short communication. | | 1979 | 43088 |
| growth and differentiation of trypanosoma cruzi cultivated with a triatoma infestans embryo cell line. | trypanosoma cruzi strain peru was cultivated in the presence of an established cell line of triatoma infestans embryo cells (ti- 32). bloodstream trypomastigotes differentiated into amastigote-like cells (first differentiation phase) which multiplied to form large clusters of cells. because of their clustering nature, a new term, "staphylomastigotes," has been proposed for this stage. after 10 days of cultivation, 90% of the staphylomastigotes underwent differentiation (2nd differentiation phase ... | 1979 | 43891 |
| acid hydrolases of trypanosomatid flagellates. | homogenates from 5 species of trypanosomatids were screened for the presence of a series of acid hydrolases. the insect flagellae, crithidia sp., contains 5 enzymes reminiscent of plant parasitism, which were absent from or of very low specific activity in parasites of the genera, trypanosoma and leishmania. the latter mammalian parasites, on the other hand, exhibited higher acid proteinase and alpha-d-mannosidase activity levels. | 1979 | 44097 |
| evidence for nadh- and nadph-linked glutamate dehydrogenases in trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. | two glutamate dehydrogenases, nadh-linked (ec 1.2.1.2) and nadph-linked (ec 1.2.1.4) were isolated from the epimastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi and purified. both enzymes exist as hexamers. the molecular weights of the native nadh-and nadph-linked glutamate dehydrogenases were estimated to be 360,000 and 265,000, respectively, and those of the subunits to be 58,000 and 43,000, respectively. the isoelectric point of the nadh-linked dehydrogenase is at ph 5.25 and that of the nadph-linked enzy ... | 1979 | 44525 |
| the effect of toxoplasma cell fractions and mycobacterial immunostimulants against virulent toxoplasma gondii in mice. | toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were disrupted in a ribi cell fractionator and separated into cell walls and protoplasm by differential centrifugation. these products were used alone or combined with a mycobacterial glycolipid (p3) and injected either as oil-in-water emulsions or incorporated in freund's incomplete adjuvant. mice were vaccinated by intravenous or intradermal routes and challenged intraperitoneally with a highly virulent strain of toxoplasma gondii. a local granuloma formation was ... | 1979 | 44793 |
| creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes and trypanosoma cruzi infections. | 1. substantial increases in total creatine phosphokinase (cpk) and in isoenzymes from heart (cpk-mb) and skeletal muscle (cpk-mm) were observed during acute infections with the house 510 and house 11 strains of trypanosoma cruzi. 2. in infections with the reticulotropic tulahuen strain total cpk levels were lower and the isoenzyme pattern was essentially normal. 3. gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was considerably increased in the tulahuen but not in the house 510 and house 11 infections. 4. these ... | 1979 | 45531 |
| nad-linked glutamate dehydrogenase in trypanosoma cruzi. | 1. epimastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi, tulahuén strain, contained a nad-linked glutamate dehydrogenase (ec 1.4.1.3), in addition to the already known nadp-linked enzyme enzyme (ec 1.4.1.4). 2. the partially purified nad-linked enzyme had a higher molecular weight and was much more labile than the nadp-linked enzyme, and was inhibited by purine nucleotides. 3. these results further emphasize the difference in glutamate metabolism between the parasite and its mammalian host. | 1979 | 45532 |
| [immunoglobulins in the chronic phase of chagas disease]. | since divergent results were obtained by different authors about immunoglobulins concentration in sera from acute and chronic cases of chagas disease, the problem was submitted to statistical approach in field conditions in the endemic zone of bambui, state of minas gerais, brazil. positives cases were considered in all individuals presenting evidences in parasitological, immunological or electrocardiographical examination living exactly in the same conditions, but without any evidence of infect ... | 1976 | 45711 |
| immunophyletic relationships between actinomycetales and eubacteriales determined by examinations of their cytoplasmic antigens. | cytoplasms obtained from a total of 205 different strains of actinomycetales, eubacteriales, lower fungi, and protozoa were examined against selected anti-cytoplasm antisera using the immunodiffusion and counterimmunoelectrophoresis procedures. immunological relationships between the different genera have been revealed and, in respect to eubacteriales, the possible immunophyletic determinants have been discerned. cytoplasms of enterobacter, clostridium, staphylococcus, and diplococcus were found ... | 1975 | 46178 |
| effects of complement depletion in experimental chagas disease: immune lysis of virulent blood forms of trypanosoma cruzi. | in mice infected with virulent blood (trypomastigote) forms of trypanosoma cruzi, complement depletion with cobra venom factor caused a marked exacerbation of the disease evidenced by significantly increased parasitemia levels and early mortality as compared with those of untreated infected animals. the effect was greater in mice receiving cobra venom factor on day 7 postinfection, i.e., at the time when the parasites had had time to localize and multiply in the tissues and appeared in the circu ... | 1975 | 46840 |
| microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for chagas' disease. | a microscale immunosorbent assay (e.l.i.s.a.) for the measurement of antibody in chagas' disease (american trypanosomiasis) is described. the test was assessed on plasma samples from people living in bahia, brazil. 98% of the individuals with positive trypanosoma cruzi immunofluorescent-antibody (i.f.a.) tests gave e.l.i.s.a. reading considered as positive. less than 2% of those with negative i.f.a. tests had positive e.l.i.s.a. reactions. this simple test may be suitable for use in large seroep ... | 1975 | 48613 |
| leishmaniasis in brazil: x. some observations of intradermal reactions to different trypanosomatid antigens of patients suffering from cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. | in spite of the difficulty of antigen standardization, paired intradermal skin tests demonstrated qualitative differences between leishmanin and in vitro exo-antigen. some of these differences may be due to the destruction of certain antigens by phenol, while others seem to reflect basic antigenic differences. leishmania mexicana amazonensis in vitro exo-antigen produced immediate anaphylactic reponses in 74.4% of the patients with parasitologically proven cutaneous leishmaniasis. although more ... | 1975 | 52214 |
| ablastin in trypanosoma lewisi and related phenomena in other species of trypanosomes. | | 1975 | 54264 |
| preparation of carbon-14-labelled whole short ragweed pollen antigens. | a new method of labelling short ragweed pollen antigens with carbon-14 is described. the known ragweed antigens age, ra3, ra5 and several other antigens are radiolabelled. these components are biologically active, have a high specific radioactivity and a long half-life. | 1976 | 54344 |
| [antigens of the subcellular fractions of trypanosoma cruzi. i. localization of antigens and proteins in the subcellular fractions]. | | 1975 | 55942 |
| germicidal activity of a polyenzymic system on pathogenic protozoa in vitro. | | 1975 | 58631 |
| lipoprotein lipase in the fat body of triatoma brasiliensis. | lipoprotein lipase activity was detected and characterized in the fat body of triatoma brasiliensis one of the vector of chagas' disease. the enzyme activity was close to a free fatty acid production of 47 mumol ffa mg protein-1-h-1 when assayed in the complete system. 2. the enzyme presented maximum activity at ph 8.5. it appeared to be activated by heparin (2 u/ml) and to require a cofactor (rat serum lipoproteins) when assayed with simple triglyceride emulsions. the requirement for a ffa acc ... | 1976 | 60918 |
| chagas' disease and left-axis deviation. | | 1976 | 61469 |
| the ultrastructural localization of peroxisomes in the blood forms of trypanosoma cruzi (chagas, 1909) using 3,3'-diaminobenzidine. | | 1976 | 65204 |
| a complement-fixing antigen from trypanosoma cruzi grown in cell cultures. | a complement-fixing (cf) antigen was prepared from amastigotes and trypomastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi (ernestina strain) grown in beef embryo cell cultures. multiple lots of the antigen, which consisted of a supernate of washed and disrupted organisms, required material from 10(6) to 10(7) total organism per ml for optimum cf activity. antibody at dilutions up to 1:256 was demonstrable in various sera from infected animals or patients. contaminating beef cells from infected cultures were shown ... | 1977 | 65921 |
| comparison of cell culture with epimastigote antigens of trypanosoma cruzi. | various epimastigote antigens of trypanosoma cruzi were compared with an amastigote-trypomastigote antigen from infected cell cultures by complement fixation (cf) and gel diffusion (ouchterlony). cf results with human chagasic sera showed that the amastigote-trypomastigote antigen was usually more sensitive than epimastigote antigens tested. in addition, cross-reactions with normal and other sera were no greater and perhaps less frequent than with crude epimastigote antigens. specificity of the ... | 1977 | 65922 |
| in search of anti-trypanosoma cruzi drugs: new leads from a mouse model. | nine of 25 carefully selected compounds (from a stock of more than 200 000 chemical species amassed principally as a result of testing against other parasitic diseases) were found to have significant suppressive activity against the parasites in the blood of a trypanosoma cruzi mouse model. eight of these compounds evaluated in this model had suppressive activity equal to or greater than the reference compound, nifurtimox. for the first time, suppressive activity against t. cruzi is reported for ... | 1977 | 69024 |
| a carbohydrate-containing antigen from trypanosoma cruzi and its detection in the circulation of infected mice. | a polysaccharide-containing fraction has been prepared from the water-soluble material of a phenol-water extract of epimastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi. sera from rabbits immunized with this material have been used to detect trypanosome-derived polysaccharide in plasma of mice acutely infected with this parasite. the polysaccharide nature of the circulating antigen is suggested by its heat stability, resistance to proteinase and nucleases, and destruction by sodium metaperiodate, as well as ... | 1977 | 69661 |
| ultrastructural localization of basic proteins in trypanosoma cruzi. | the postformalin ammoniacal silver (as) and the ethanolic phosphotungstic acid (epta) techniques were applied in epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of the pathogenic protozoa trypanosoma cruzi to detect basic proteins at the ultrastructural level. with both techniques, reaction was observed in the nucleus and in some cytoplasmic vacuoles. in the kinetoplast of epimastigotes, reaction was observed only at its periphery. in trypomastigotes, however, an intense reaction was observed in the spher ... | 1978 | 77871 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: immunosuppressed response to different antigens in the infected mouse. | | 1978 | 79498 |
| new leads for trypanosomiasis chemotherapy. | | 1978 | 82152 |
| trypanosoma cruzi-sensitized t-lymphocyte mediated 51cr release from human heart cells in chagas' disease. | cytotoxicity of t-lymphocytes from patients with chagas' disease to parasitized and non-parasitized human heart cells labelled with 51cr was demonstrated. the highest ratio of 51cr released from the normal, non-parasitized heart cells was observed when the t-lymphocytes were collected from patients with acute chagas' disease. the quantity of 51cr released from the normal heart cells that were destroyed by t-lymphocytes collected from patients with chronic chagas' disease was also significantly h ... | 1978 | 83110 |
| inhibitory action of a 5-nitrofuran (sq 18506) against nucleic acid synthesis in trypanosoma cruzi. | | 1978 | 83869 |
| histological and histochemical changes of the skeletal muscle in human chronic chagas' disease. | gastrocnemius muscle biopsies were performed in 7 subjects with chronic chagas' disease. on clinical and laboratory grounds the selected patients were judged to be healthy, being the only abnormality found the presence of positive serum tests for chagas' disease. fibre type grouping of either type i or type ii was observed in 5 of the 7 patients. furthermore, in 2 of the 5 patients showing muscle fibre groupings, angular fibres reacting with nadh and non-specific sterase were also found. these o ... | 1978 | 87186 |
| mode of action of a 5-nitrofuran drug (sq 18506) against trypanosoma cruzi. | | 1979 | 87384 |
| isolation and characterization of a new serodeme of trypanosoma rhodesiense. | the isolation and characterization of a new serodeme of trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense is described. a clone of organisms derived from a human infection produced chronic infections in mice. additional clones of differing antigenic specificities were isolated from peaks of parasitemia which occurred in these mice. the variable antigen types (vats) of these clones were determined by agglutination, immunofluorescence, and protection of actively immunized mice. thirteen distinct vats were isolated a ... | 1979 | 92203 |
| antigenic make-up of trypanosoma cruzi culture forms: identification of a specific component. | a comparison of trypanosoma cruzi water soluble antigens with those of stercorarian and salivarian trypanosomes, and leishmania using immunoprecipitation in gels and immunoelectrophoresis, with the aid of hyperimmune rabbit serum and heterologous adsorptions showed the following. 1) there is a high complexity of soluble antigens of t. cruzi and t. rangeli. 2) at the intraspecific level our results demonstrated the antigenic stability of t. cruzi when maintained in vitro, and that there was quant ... | 1979 | 92559 |
| cytochemical analysis at the fine-structural level of trypanosomatids stained with phosphotungstic acid. | the ethanolic phosphotungstic acid (pta) technic was used to detect, at the fine-structural level, basic proteins in various developmental stages of pathogenic trypanosoma cruzi, and nonpathogenic herpetomonas samuelpessoai, leptomonas samueli, and crithidia deanei, trypanosomatids. reactions were observed in the nucleus of all stages. in the kinetoplast of epimastigote and promastigote forms reactions were noted mainly at the periphery. in trypomastigotes and choanomastigotes forms, however, an ... | 1979 | 94607 |
| field trials of slow-release formulations of chlorpyrifos and malathion for the control of chagas's disease vectors. | | 1979 | 95561 |
| tissue tropism of different trypanosoma cruzi strains. | a systematic study of the distribution of intracellular parasites in the organs and tissues was performed in groups of mice inoculated with 4 different trypanosoma cruzi strains. an extremely high parasitism of spleen, liver, and bone marrow was observed in mice inoculated with y and berenice strains; with cl strain, however, parasites were almost absent in those organs. bloodstream forms apparently present differences which facilitate or prevent their uptake by macrophages from the mononuclear ... | 1978 | 96243 |
| american trypanosomiasis (chagas' disease) in the caribbean. | chagas' disease (american trypanosomiasis) is endemic in nearly all central and south american countries facing the caribbean basin. since 1960, reports from the islands of aruba, curaçao, jamaica, and trinidad have confirmed the presence of trypanosoma cruzi, blood-sucking triatomine bugs, and wild animals infected with the parasite. it was also established that t. cruzi, triatomine bugs, infected wild animal reservoirs, and people with a positive serologic test for t. cruzi antibodies are to b ... | 1978 | 96895 |
| suppression of cellular responses in mice during trypanosoma cruzi infections. | immunosuppression has been reported to occur in several protozoan parasitic infections. the significance of this suppression on host resistance or on parasite avoidance of immune destruction has not, however, been determined. in the present study two strains of mice that differ with respect to resistance to trypanosoma cruzi were examined during the course of infection for differences in expression of suppression of blastogenic responses to phytohemagglutinin and an antigen preparation of these ... | 1978 | 97228 |
| induction of capping in blood-stage trypomastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi by human anti-trypanosoma cruzi antibodies. | the effect of human-specific antibody on surface membrane antigens of trypomastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi was studied in vitro by using immunofluorescence methods. immune sera induced aggregation of surface antigens in trypomastigotes to form polar cell caps. | 1978 | 97230 |
| [reservoirs and wild vectors of trypanosoma cruzi. lxviii: infection of mammals by oral route]. | | 1978 | 97735 |
| post-mortem diagnosis of chronic chagas's disease comparative evaluation of three serological tests on pericardial fluid. | in an attempt to improve the post-mortem diagnosis of chagas's disease the authors performed haemagglutination tests (hat), fluorescent trypanosoma cruzi antibody tests (fat), and complement fixation tests (cft) on the pericardial fluid obtained at autopsy of 50 individuals with chagas's heart disease, and 93 patients in whom this disease was not thought to be present. the results demonstrate that all three tests are efficient for the post-mortem diagnosis of chagas's disease but suggest that th ... | 1978 | 97817 |
| congenital chagas's disease in an urban population: investigation of infected twins. | in the nordeste de amaralina suburb of salvador bahia, brazil, 47 of 285 pregnant women surveyed had complement fixing antibodies to trypanosoma cruzi. at delivery t. cruzi was detected in one of 17 placentas from the sero-positive women. the offspring of this case were premature twins and t. cruzi was detected in the peripheral blood of each before death. at autopsy the gastro-intestinal tract and urinary bladder of both were severely affected. immunofluorescence tests on cord sera, including t ... | 1978 | 97818 |
| immunoglobulin concentration in treated human acute chagas disease. a follow-up study. | immunoglobulin m, g, and a concentrations were studied by radial immunodiffusion technique in 16 individuals (two were 16 and 14 yr of age, respectively, while the remaining 14 uere 15 yr of age or less) with acute trypanosoma cruzi infection. serum samples were obtained from these patients beginning with the onset of symptoms and continuing until several months after treatment with nifurtimox was completed. soon after infection the concentration of igm was higher than the average found in healt ... | 1978 | 98063 |
| purification of a specific antigen of trypanosoma cruzi from culture forms. | a monospecific rabbit antiserum was prepared against a specific component of tryanosoma cruzi epimastigote culture forms (designated antigen 5). rabbits were immunized intradermally in 30-50 sites with the zone of agarose gel in which the component 5:anti-5 complex was visualized after two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. with this appropriate antiserum and the total epimastigote soluble extracts, the specific component of t. cruzi was purified by immunoadsorption. purity and specificity contr ... | 1978 | 98064 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: effect of olivacine on macromolecular synthesis, ultrastructure, and respiration of epimastigotes. | | 1978 | 98344 |
| tissue reacting antibodies in a rhesus monkey with long-term trypanosoma cruzi infection. | immunoglobulins (igs) reacting against endothelial and vascular structures and striated muscle cells as well as against cells from a peripheral nerve were detected by indirect immunofluorescent test (iif) in a rhesus monkey infected for 29 yr with trypanosoma cruzi. anti-t. cruzi antibodies in this monkey showed a titer of 1:128 in the iif test and the direct agglutination test. tissue-reacting igs were bound in vivo to the tissues, as was established by direct treatment of a biopsy of the delto ... | 1978 | 99060 |
| comparative study of kinetoplast dna in culture, blood and intracellular forms of trypanosoma cruzi. | a comparative study has been made on the kinetoplast dna (kdna) from i in culture epimastigote, blood trypomastigote and intracellular amastigote stages of trypanosoma cruzi. the basic properties of the kdna in all 3 forms were identical. thus the dna was in the form of networks of density 1.698-9 g/cm3 and with sedimentation coefficients (s20w) of approximately 5500, the networks being composed of large complexes of minicircular and apparently linear molecules, the former having contour lengths ... | 1978 | 99179 |
| [reservoirs and vectors of trypanosoma cruzi. lxix. preliminary survey of wild triatominae in the region of triangulo mineiro, mg, brazil]. | | 1978 | 99771 |
| domestic triatomines (reduviidae) and insect trypanosome infections in el salvador, c.a. | twenty-five salvadoran communities have been surveyed to learn more about the distribution of chagas' disease vectors and trypanosome parasites in that country. the results indicate that each of several factors--local variations in housing construction, insecticide applications, geographic elevation, and the vector species involved--can have a critical effect on transmission of the disease agent. | 1978 | 100163 |
| tissue-reacting antibodies (evi antibodies) in nifurtimox-treated patients with chagas's disease. | antibodies reacting against endothelial cells, vascular structures, and heart and skeletal muscle cells (evi antibodies) were studied in 10 patients (one to 14 years of age) treated with nifurtimox. the patients were observed for several months to two years after the onset of symptoms of acute infection with trypanosoma cruzi. although these 10 patients were selected because after treatment their sera became negative for antibodies to t. cruzi as detected by the immunofluorescence test, sera fro ... | 1978 | 100564 |
| case for diagnosis: nonsuppurative myocarditis from infection by trypanosoma cruzi (chagas' disease). | | 1978 | 100723 |
| flagellar antigens and the leucocyte migration-inhibition test in chagas patients. | | 1978 | 100910 |
| [immunology of chagas' disease]. | american trypanosoniasis or chagas' disease is a serious health problem in latin america. schizotrypanum (trypanosome) cruzi infection produce an inmune response, cellular and humoral well identified in all mammals so far studied, including man. the initial parasistemic disease is brought promptly under control, maybe as result of such inmune response. chronical disease result of individual responses, through inmune aberration as main pathogenic factor. there is not, and there is no probability ... | 1978 | 101156 |
| serum ige levels in chagas' disease. | elevated levels of serum immunoglobulin e are found in many parasitic diseases caused by helminths. we have previously demonstrated that giardiasis was not associated with hyperimmunoglobulinaemia e. in order to determine the influence of trypanosoma cruzi on ige levels of clinically symptomatic patients, a controlled study was performed. there was no difference between the serum ige values from brazilian patients with chagas' disease and those from matched healthy brazilian controls. we suggest ... | 1978 | 101314 |
| palm trees and chagas' disease in panama. | an ecological survey of triatomines in the sylvan ecosystem of the canal zone and selected sites in panama disclosed for the first time a close association of rhodnius pullescens and triatoma dimidiata, the two most important vector species of chagas' disease in panama, with a single species of a widely distributed palm tree, scheelea zonensis. this association may explain why chagas' disease is prevalent in certain rural communities in central panama and rare in others. an immense focus of zoon ... | 1978 | 102210 |
| [preliminary study on the use of dipetalogaster maximus (uhler, 1894) (triatominae) in the xenodiagnostic technic in the chronic form of chagas' disease]. | | 1978 | 103171 |
| a stable polysaccharide-hemagglutination reagent for the diagnosis of acute or recent trypanosoma cruzi infections. | | 1978 | 103172 |
| [possibility of incorporation of the host proteins by trypanosoma cruzi (experimental research)]. | | 1978 | 103173 |
| histopathology of experimental chagas disease in nmri-mice. a long term study following paw infection. | nmri-mice were infected subcutaneously with t. cruzi brazil and the pathohistological findings in 17 organs at different times after infection are described. the paw was chosen as injection site, for, due to the great variety of tissues found in a single histological section, the first reactions between host and parasite are best studied here. for this purpose the complete paw was embedded in plastic and sectioned longitudinally. after infection with 5 x 10(4) parasites a shift of parasitism fro ... | 1978 | 103265 |
| transplacental transmission and fetal parasitosis of trypanosoma cruzi in outbred white swiss mice. | two strains of trypanosoma cruzi, isolated from humans and assayed for their biological capacity to kill outbred white swiss mice (ham/cr-cd) following reticuloendothelial system blockade with thorium dioxide, were used in these experiments: the maria cristina strain, which killed all blocked mice at a rate following a rectangular dose-response curve, and the josé cardoso strain, which did not kill blocked mice at comparable dosages. when inoculated into pregnant ham/cr-cd mice, the non-pathogen ... | 1978 | 103444 |
| house construction, triatomine distribution, and household distribution of seroreactivity to trypanosoma cruzi in a rural community in northeast brazil. | household distribution of seroreactivity to trypanosoma cruzi in inhabitants was analyzed in relation to house construction and the distribution of panstrongylus megistus, the principal domestic vector of chagas' disease in a rural area in northeast brazil. no children residing in mud-brick houses were seroreactive to t. cruzi. the highest rates of seroreactivity occurred in residents of unplastered mud-stick houses, and were twice as high as those found in persons living in mud-brick houses or ... | 1978 | 103445 |
| trypanosoma cruzi infection in dogs and cats and household seroreactivity to t. cruzi in a rural community in northeast brazil. | the prevalence of trypanosoma cruzi parasitemia as determined by xenodiagnosis on domestic dogs and cats was correlated with household rates of seroreactivity to t. cruzi and household panstrongylus megistus infestation in a rural area in northeast brazil where p. megistus was the only domiciliary triatomine vector. t. cruzi infection was present in about 18% of domestic dogs and cats. two-thirds of seroreactive children below age 10 resided in houses with t. cruzi-infected animals. in houses wi ... | 1978 | 103446 |
| [role of macrophages in the genetic control of the susceptibility and resistance to experimental infection by trypanosoma cruzi (proceedings)]. | | 1978 | 103472 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: ultrastructure of morphogenesis in vitro and in vivo. | | 1978 | 103746 |
| suppression of humoral responses during trypanosoma cruzi infections in mice. | c57bl/6 mice exhibit low parasitemias and often survive trypanosoma cruzi infections, whereas c3h(he) mice die during the acute phase with relatively high parasitemias. the present study showed that both strains of mice develop nonspecific immunosuppression to challenge with sheep erythrocytes during the course of infection. several major differences in immunosuppression-related phenomena between the two strains of mice were determined, yet there is no apparent relationship between immunosuppres ... | 1978 | 103824 |
| contact sensitivity responses in mice infected with trypanosoma cruzi. | mechanisms of depression of contact sensitivity responses in c57bl/10 mice infected with trypanosoma cruzi were studied. cellular involvement during sensitization with oxazolone was investigated in mice acutely infected with t. cruzi. contact sensitivity was not expressed in mice during the latter stages of the acute infection. spleen cells from sensitized, infected mice which were unable to respond to oxazolone could confer contact sensitivity upon normal syngenic mice as effectively as spleen ... | 1978 | 103835 |
| the course of infection of trypanosoma cruzi in gamma-irradiated rats. | the course of infection of both blood and tissues by the sonya strain of trypanosoma cruzi in gamma-irradiated rats has been investigated. the blood infection was dimorphic; slender and broad forms were present throughout, though broad forms predominated at high parasitaemias. both total blood parasitaemia and numbers of slender forms increased progressively in a series of waves with a periodicity of about four days. the rate of increase in the numbers of intracellular parasites corresponded wit ... | 1978 | 104411 |
| [epidemiology of chagas disease in chile. housing conditions related to the presence of triatoma infestans and the rate of humans and animals infected by trypanosoma cruzi (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 104721 |
| hematotropic parasites of translocated raccoons in the southeast. | ninety-four raccoons (procyon lotor) from 6 southeastern states were examined for hematotropic parasites, to evaluate the carrier potential of these animals as they relate to translocation and release for hunting purposes. four species of hematotropic parasites were identified, viz, babesia procyonis, haemobartonella procyoni, hepatozoon procyonis, and trypanosoma cruzi. lesions in infected raccoons were associated only with h procyonis. babesia procyonis was enzootic in populations of raccoons ... | 1978 | 104938 |
| reduction of complement levels in mice infected with trypanosoma cruzi. | | 1978 | 105116 |
| [experimental infection of the rabbit by trypanosoma cruzi]. | | 1978 | 105224 |
| active entry of bloodstream forms of trypanosoma cruzi into macrophages. | the uptake of bloodstream forms of trypanosoma cruzi, y and cl stocks, by mouse peritoneal macrophages and their intracellular differentiation and multiplication has been compared in vitro. after 48 h the number of macrophages showing intracellular amastigote forms was higher when the y stock was used. the number of parasitized cells increased with the time of contact between parasites and macrophages. prior treatment of the parasites with anti-t. cruzi antibodies and/or complement increased the ... | 1979 | 105337 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: acetylcholine content and cholinergic innervation of the heart in rats. | | 1979 | 105922 |
| the lysis of trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes by eosinophils and neutrophils. | | 1978 | 107139 |
| acquired cell-mediated immunodepression in acute chagas' disease. | in this study two groups of patients with acute chagas' disease were identified. group one consisted of five patients with apparent acute chagas' disease. these patients showed symptoms and signals of an acute illness, such as high fever and enlarged spleen. one of these patients developed severe myocarditis and heart failure. group two consisted of seven patients with inapparent acute chagas' disease. this was a nonclinical entity, not perceived by the patient who did not seek medical care. the ... | 1978 | 107195 |
| chemotherapeutically acitve nitro compounds. 4. 5-nitroimidazoles (part iii). | more than 100 1-methyl-5-nitroimidazoles substituted in the 2-position via an oxymethyl group were synthesized and their structure-activity relationship toward various protozoa was investigated. among the derivatives substituted with an aromatic radical there are most of the compounds which are highly effective against trichomonads; 9 preparations are superior to tinidazole and 29 are superior to metronidazole in mice infected with trichomonas fetus, and 9 compounds exhibit a better effect than ... | 1978 | 107955 |
| immunology of chagas' disease. iii--absorption of human chagasic sera with epimastigotes of different strains of trypanosoma cruzi. | | 1978 | 108797 |
| electromyographical findings in human chronic chagas' disease. | an electromyographical investigation of 80 patients with chronic chagas' disease was made. it was found that 79% of the studied patients had emg manifestations of old and chronic denervation of the upper and lower limbs without clinical features of nervous system involvement. | 1978 | 109065 |