| genetic analysis of bordetella pertussis in ontario, canada reveals one predominant clone. | to characterize bordetella pertussis isolates in ontario, canada in order to understand the clonal diversity of strains present in this province. | 2013 | 23352492 |
| [pertussis in young infants: a dangerous disease with non-specific signs]. | pertussis, or whooping cough, caused by bordetella pertussis, still occurs despite vaccination. most of the cases occurring in adolescents and adults are mild or have a subclinical course, but these patients can be a source of transmission to unvaccinated or partially vaccinated infants. symptoms of infant pertussis are often not specific, but pertussis can be fatal. in this article, we present one case of unvaccinated twins who each presented with initial signs of a viral respiratory disease. w ... | 2013 | 23343739 |
| [situation of pertussis in valencian community: an epidemic revival?]. | pertussis is a highly contagious vaccine-preventable disease. an increasing incidence has been reported in several countries around the world in the last few years. the aim of this study is to analyze the situation of pertussis in the valencian community (spain), with the purpose of verifying the increased incidence of the illness. | 2013 | 23332293 |
| further evidence that the is481 target is suitable for real-time pcr detection of bordetella pertussis. | | 2013 | 23277179 |
| [serum immunoglobulin igg subclass distribution of antibody responses to pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin of bordetella pertussis in patients with whooping cough]. | the present study was aimed at determining the igg subclass distribution against pertussis toxin (pt) and filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) of bordetella pertussis in patients with whooping cough. | 2013 | 24730215 |
| [accumulation of the bvg- bordetella pertussis a virulent mutants in the process of experimental whooping cough in mice]. | the duration of the persistence and dynamics of accumulation of insertion bvg- bordetella pertussis mutants were studied in lungs of laboratory mice after intranasal and intravenous challenge by virulent bacteria of the causative agent of whooping cough. the capability of the virulent b. pertussis bacteria to long-term persistence in the body of mice was tested. using the real-time pcr approximately hundred genome equivalents of the b. pertussis dna were detected in lungs of mice in two months a ... | 2013 | 24645274 |
| development and validation of an australian in-house anti-pertussis toxin igg and iga enzyme immunoassay. | although anti-pertussis toxin (pt) immunoglobulin g (igg) is considered one of the most specific serological markers for bordetella pertussis infection, there are few commercial kits available in australia. we aimed to present the process of development, quality control and on-going clinical validation of an anti-pt igg and iga enzyme immunoassay (eia) in use since 1999, and discuss the application of such tests in the diagnosis of b. pertussis infections. | 2013 | 23250035 |
| a dynamic metabolic flux balance based model of fed-batch fermentation of bordetella pertussis. | a mathematical model based on a dynamic metabolic flux balance (dmfb) is developed for a process of fed-batch fermentation of bordetella pertussis. the model is based on the maximization of growth rate at each time interval subject to stoichiometric constraints. the model is calibrated and verified with experimental data obtained in two different bioreactor experimental systems. it was found that the model calibration was mostly sensitive to the consumption or production rates of tyrosine and, f ... | 2013 | 23225786 |
| the inhibitory g protein g(i) identified as pertussis toxin-catalyzed adp-ribosylation. | pertussis toxin (ptx) produced by bordetella pertussis was first introduced by ui and his colleagues in research on signal transduction under the name islet-activating protein in 1979, when the mechanism of toxin-induced stimulation of insulin release from pancreatic islets was reported in the rat. the stimulatory effect of ptx in vivo results from the blockage of α(2)-adrenergic receptor-mediated inhibition of insulin release. the receptor-induced inhibition of camp formation was also abolished ... | 2012 | 23207763 |
| bordetella pertussis infection induces a mucosal il-17 response and long-lived th17 and th1 immune memory cells in nonhuman primates. | despite near universal vaccine coverage, the bacterial pathogen bordetella pertussis has re-emerged as a major public health concern. we recently developed a baboon (papio anubis) model of pertussis that provides an excellent model of human pertussis. using this model, the immune response to pertussis was characterized by measuring cytokines in the nasopharyngeal mucosa of infected baboons. notably, we observed mucosal expression of interleukin-17 (il-17) as well as il-6, il-23, and several cyto ... | 2013 | 23187316 |
| [contact tracing of paediatric pertussis cases at a tertiary hospital in barcelona, spain]. | pertussis remains an important cause of morbimortality despite current vaccination strategies. this study was designed to describe the results and characteristics of close contacts of pertussis cases diagnosed in children less than 16 years in a tertiary hospital in barcelona. | 2013 | 23177310 |
| resurgence of pertussis calls for re-evaluation of pertussis animal models. | pertussis has recently re-emerged in well-vaccinated populations most likely due to a combination of pathogen adaptation and waning of vaccine-induced pertussis immunity. changes in genomic content of the etiologic agent, bordetella pertussis, observed in the postvaccination era can have a bearing on the efficacy of vaccines currently in use. moreover, protective immune responses in vaccinees wane gradually depending on their originally induced size and breadth, and memory responses may not be a ... | 2012 | 23151168 |
| ompa-mediated rickettsial adherence to and invasion of human endothelial cells is dependent upon interaction with α2β1 integrin. | rickettsia conorii, a member of the spotted fever group (sfg) of the genus rickettsia and causative agent of mediterranean spotted fever, is an obligate intracellular pathogen capable of infecting various mammalian cell types. sfg rickettsiae express two major immunodominant surface cell antigen (sca) proteins, ompb (sca5) and ompa (sca0). while ompb-mediated entry has been characterized, the contribution of ompa has not been well defined. here we show ompa expression in escherichia coli is suff ... | 2013 | 23145974 |
| utilization of multiple real-time pcr assays for the diagnosis of bordetella spp. in clinical specimens. | bordetella pertussis causes an upper respiratory infection in infants, adolescents, and adults. diagnosis of pertussis, a vaccine-preventable disease, can be difficult, but recent implementation of real-time pcr assays in laboratories has hastened the ability of clinicians to make an accurate diagnosis. in this paper we describe the method of nasopharyngeal specimen collection, extraction of dna, and real-time pcr assays that will allow the detection and identification of bordetella spp. in clin ... | 2013 | 23104287 |
| [pertussis in poland in 2010]. | pertussis is an acute infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract. it is the infection of the re-emerging character and affects infants, youth and more frequently adults. the results of the nationwide surveillance study of pertussis conducted at the department of epidemiology (niph-nih) in 2009-2011 confirmed the high incidence of pertussis in adults, among whom the only symptom of bordetella pertussis infection was prolonged cough. the emphasis should be put on the fact that the infected ... | 2012 | 23101206 |
| [modification of pertussis vaccination schedule in chile, immunization of special groups and control strategies: commentary from the consultive committee of immunizations of the chilean society of infectious diseases]. | in chile, an increased number of notifications of cases of whooping cough was detected at the beginning of october 2010, and maintained through 2012. accumulated cases during 2011 were 2,581 (15.0 per 100,000), which is greater than the number of cases registered during the period 2008-2010 (2,460 cases). on the other hand, the local sanitary authority introduced a modification of pertussis vaccination schedule (starting 2012), which consists in the replacement of the second booster of pertussis ... | 2012 | 23096469 |
| [infection by bordetella pertussis: towards its erradication?]. | | 2012 | 23096463 |
| the "how" of polymerase chain reaction testing for bordetella pertussis depends on the "why". | | 2013 | 23087394 |
| atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with bordetella pertussis infection. | | 2012 | 23069800 |
| seroprevalence of bordetella pertussis antibodies to pertussis toxin among healthy children. | pertussis or whooping cough is a highly communicable, vaccine-preventable acute respiratory tract disease, caused mainly by bordetella pertussis. in this study, serosurveillance of igg antibodies against pertussis toxin was carried out in healthy children, aged 3 months to 12 years, from the multiethnic cities of islamabad and rawalpindi, pakistan. kruskal- wallis test was applied to determine the difference among groups. the results showed that the average values of pertussis toxin igg dropped ... | 2012 | 23058160 |
| assessment of igg avidity against pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin via an adapted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using ammonium thiocyanate. | antibody avidity, defined as the strength of binding between antibody and antigen, represents a functional measure of affinity maturation of antibodies. determination of the antibody avidity is usually performed separating high and low avidity antibodies by dissociating agents, but measurement of the antibody avidity in humans is rather complicated, due to the heterogeneity of the antibodies produced in response to complex antigens, e.g. after vaccinations. the purpose of the present study was t ... | 2013 | 23022630 |
| a fortunate journey on uneven grounds. | i was surprised to be invited to write a prefatory chapter for the annual review of microbiology. indeed, i did not feel that i belonged to that class of eminent scientists who had written such chapters. perhaps it is because i am a kind of mutant: in spite of having experienced war, both german and soviet occupations, repeated bombardments, dictatorships, and a revolution, i managed nonetheless to engage in scientific research, thus realizing a childhood dream. after having obtained my doctor r ... | 2012 | 22994486 |
| differences in avidity of igg antibodies to pertussis toxin after acellular pertussis booster vaccination and natural infection. | pertussis toxin (pt) is a specific virulence factor of bordetella pertussis and it is included in all acellular pertussis vaccines (ap). although immunity after infection seems to persist longer than that after vaccination, the exact mechanism(s) is not known. primary aim of this study was to develop an elisa method for measuring avidity index (ai) of igg-anti-pt antibodies and to compare antibody responses after booster vaccination and infection. secondary aim was to evaluate if the ai-elisa ha ... | 2012 | 22981763 |
| the importance of pertussis in older adults: a growing case for reviewing vaccination strategy in the elderly. | pertussis or whooping cough is increasingly being shown to be a respiratory infection affecting the elderly and a significant percentage of older people infected with bordetella pertussis experience considerable morbidity and even mortality. however, current knowledge of burden of disease is limited largely to passive surveillance data with little well-designed active surveillance to better ascertain the true burden of pertussis in the elderly, to inform vaccination strategies. the current revie ... | 2012 | 22981762 |
| pertussis diagnoses among service members and other beneficiaries of the u.s. military health system, january 2005-june 2012. | pertussis ("whooping cough") is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by the bacterium bordetella pertussis. individuals at highest risk are infants and unvaccinated children; however, there have been recent increases in incidence among adolescent and young adult populations in the united states. during the surveillance period, there were 476 confirmed and 3,073 probable cases of pertussis among u.s. military members and other beneficiaries of the u.s. military health system. among serv ... | 2012 | 22963256 |
| positive feedback and temperature mediated molecular switch controls differential gene regulation in bordetella pertussis. | based on the phosphorelay kinetics operative within bvgas two component system we propose a mathematical framework for signal transduction and gene regulation of phenotypic phases in bordetella pertussis. the proposed model identifies a novel mechanism of transcriptional interference between two promoters present in the bvg locus. to understand the system behavior under elevated temperature, the developed model has been studied in two different ways. first, a quasi-steady state analysis has been ... | 2012 | 22960292 |
| severe bordetella pertussis infection associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome. | | 2012 | 22953627 |
| [survey of pertussis infection in infants aged under 3 months with persistent cough]. | to explore the prevalence of pertussis in hospitalized infants aged under 3 months with persistent cough. | 2012 | 22944272 |
| bordetella pertussis in a neonatal intensive care unit: identification of the mother as the likely source. | bordetella pertussis, the cause of whooping cough, is highly contagious. a female, twin 1, born at 34 weeks of gestation and present on a neonatal intensive care unit for 19 days, became apnoeic and bradycardic. a pernasal swab, sent when pertussis was clinically suspected, grew b. pertussis. twin 2 had similar symptoms. the mother admitted having a prolonged cough. polymerase chain reaction of pernasal swabs was positive for both twins, and the mother had positive pertussis serology. an inciden ... | 2012 | 22940441 |
| direct molecular typing of bordetella pertussis from clinical specimens submitted for diagnostic quantitative (real-time) pcr. | molecular typing of bordetella pertussis is routinely performed on bacterial isolates, but not on dna extracted from nasopharyngeal aspirates or pernasal swabs submitted for diagnostic real-time pcr (qpcr). we investigated whether these dna extracts were suitable for multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (mlva) and dna sequence-based typing. we analysed all the available qpcr-positive samples received by our laboratory from patients <1 year of age between january 2008 and august 2010 ... | 2012 | 22918864 |
| high heterogeneity in methods used for the laboratory confirmation of pertussis diagnosis among european countries, 2010: integration of epidemiological and laboratory surveillance must include standardisation of methodologies and quality assurance. | despite extensive childhood immunisation, pertussis remains one of the world’s leading causes of vaccine preventable deaths. the current methods used for laboratory diagnosis of pertussis include bacterial culture, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) serology. we conducted a questionnaire survey to identify variations in the laboratory methods and protocols used among participating countries included in the european surveillance network for vaccine-preve ... | 2012 | 22913939 |
| rapid detection of the recently emerged bordetella pertussis strains with the ptxp3 pertussis toxin promoter allele by real-time pcr. | bordetella pertussis strains with the pertussis toxin promoter allele ptxp3 have expanded and replaced resident ptxp1 strains in several european countries. we developed an allele-specific real-time pcr method to identify strains with the allele ptxp3, and investigated the emergence of ptxp3 strains by genotyping finnish clinical isolates (n = 524) from 1953 to 2010. the first ptxp3 strain was detected in 1994, and has become predominant since 2003. our results demonstrate that the allele-specif ... | 2012 | 22909320 |
| attenuated bordetella pertussis bpze1 protects against allergic airway inflammation and contact dermatitis in mouse models. | we previously reported that prior nasal administration of highly attenuated bordetella pertussis bpze1 provides effective and sustained protection against lethal challenge with influenza a viruses. the protective effect was mediated by suppressing the production of major pro-inflammatory mediators. to further explore the anti-inflammatory properties of bpze1, we investigated the effect of bpze1 nasal pretreatment on two mouse models of allergic disease, allergic airway inflammation, and contact ... | 2012 | 22909095 |
| development and introduction of a ready-to-use pediatric pentavalent vaccine to meet and sustain the needs of developing countries--quinvaxem®: the first 5 years. | quinvaxem(®) injection (dtwp-hepb-hib fully-liquid combined vaccine) is a ready-to-use, preservative-free, fully-liquid combined vaccine containing diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, bordetella pertussis inactivated cellular suspension, hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), and haemophilus influenzae type b conjugated oligosaccharide. the vaccine was the first ready-to-use, fully-liquid pentavalent vaccine to gain who pre-qualification status in 2006. the immunogenicity and safety of quinvaxem(®) wa ... | 2012 | 22889824 |
| apparent life-threatening events: an update. | based on strong research evidence, the most common causes of apparent life-threatening events (altes) are gastroesophageal reflux, lower respiratory tract infection, and seizure. • the minimum initial diagnostic panel for alte should include complete blood cell (cbc) count with differential; blood levels of c-reactive protein,glucose, sodium, potassium, urea, calcium,magnesium, ammonia, lactate, and pyruvate; arterial blood gas determination, urinalysis, and toxicology screen; electrocardiograph ... | 2012 | 22855928 |
| airborne transmission of bordetella pertussis demonstrated in a baboon model of whooping cough. | | 2012 | 22807522 |
| unexplained respiratory disease outbreak working group activities - worldwide, march 2007-september 2011. | the unexplained respiratory disease outbreak (urdo) working group is a multidisciplinary team composed of approximately 40 scientists from across cdc with expertise in infectious and noninfectious respiratory diseases. the urdo working group was formed in 2004 to streamline cdc response efforts to assist local, state, and international public health officials in investigations of unexplained respiratory disease outbreaks. this report summarizes urdo working group activities from march 2007 throu ... | 2012 | 22763885 |
| toll-like receptor-4 expression in infants with pertussis infection. | our aim was to evaluate the expression of toll-like receptor-4 (tlr-4) and the level of interferon-gamma (ifn-γ) and interleukin-10 (il-10) in young infants infected by bordetella pertussis and b. parapertussis. | 2013 | 22753132 |
| immunity to the respiratory pathogen bordetella pertussis. | bordetella pertussis causes whooping cough, a severe respiratory tract infection in infants and children, and also infects adults. studies in murine models have shown that innate immune mechanisms involving dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and antimicrobial peptides help to control the infection, while complete bacterial clearance requires cellular immunity mediated by t-helper type 1 (th1) and th17 cells. whole cell pertussis vaccines (wp) are effective, but reac ... | 2012 | 22718262 |
| acellular pertussis vaccine use in risk groups (adolescents, pregnant women, newborns and health care workers): a review of evidences and recommendations. | pertussis is an acute infectious illness, caused by the bacteria bordetella pertussis and commonly known as "whooping cough". waning immunity after vaccination or after natural infection contributes significantly to the increasing incidence rates in adolescents and adults. prevention of pertussis in industrialized countries is mainly based on immunization with acellular vaccines in combination with other antigens. a booster dose with an adult-formulation tetanus-diphtheria toxoid and acellular p ... | 2012 | 22709953 |
| [detection of bordetella pertussis infection by culture, real-time polymerase chain reaction and serologic tests among children with prolonged cough]. | pertussis is a respiratory infection caused by bordetella pertussis. it attacks all age groups. it has significantly higher mortality and morbidity among newborns and children. adolescents and adults with symptomatic but unrecognized pertussis are often the source of the infection for pediatric cases. therefore, it is suggested to perform laboratory diagnostic tests for b.pertussis infection in children and adolescents with prolonged cough of more than two weeks. in this study, it was aimed to i ... | 2012 | 22639310 |
| successful nanolitre real-time pcr detection of respiratory pathogens in clinical specimens. | we performed a proof-of-concept study to determine if human pathogens could be detected in clinical specimens using nanolitre-volume real-time pcr. nanolitre pcr for bordetella pertussis/b. parapertussis and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was performed on nasopharyngeal specimens and results compared with conventional methods. b. pertussis/b. parapertussis nanolitre pcr detection was 100% sensitive (20/20; 95% ci, 84-100%) and 100% specific (26/26; 95% ci, 87-100%). rsv nanolitre pcr was also ... | 2012 | 22630162 |
| serotypes and genetic profiles of bordetella pertussis strains isolated in the city of são paulo, 2006-2008. | knowledge of bordetella pertussis circulating in latin america is limited. therefore, the goal of this study was to use pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and serotyping to characterize b. pertussis strains isolated in the city of são paulo, brazil. | 2012 | 22622958 |
| the pertussis epidemic: informing strategies for prevention of severe disease. | to assess the impact of bordetella pertussis infections in south australia during an epidemic and determine vulnerable populations, data from notification reports for pertussis cases occurring between july 2008 and december 2009 were reviewed to determine the distribution of disease according to specific risk factors and examine associations with hospitalizations. although the majority (66%) of the 6230 notifications for pertussis occurred in adults aged >24 years, the highest notification and h ... | 2013 | 22595516 |
| towards selective inhibitors of adenylyl cyclase toxin from bordetella pertussis. | whooping cough is a very important medical problem that requires novel approaches for treatment. the disease is caused by bordetella pertussis, with the calmodulin (cam)-activated adenylyl cyclase (ac) toxin (also known as cyaa) being a major virulence factor. hence, cyaa inhibitors could constitute novel therapeutics, but it has been difficult to develop potent drugs with high selectivity over mammalian membranous acs (macs). recent studies have shown that bis-anthraniloyl-substituted nucleosid ... | 2012 | 22578665 |
| new pertussis vaccination approaches: en route to protect newborns? | pertussis or whooping cough is a life-threatening childhood disease, particularly severe during the first months of life, although adolescent and adult pertussis is increasingly more noted. general vaccination has tremendously reduced its incidence but has failed to bring it completely under control. in fact, it remains one of the most poorly controlled vaccine-preventable diseases in the world. new vaccination strategies are thus being explored. these include vaccination of pregnant mothers to ... | 2012 | 22574832 |
| aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia among adults in an h1n1 pandemic year: the role of respiratory viruses. | this study aimed to determine the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) by adding polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to conventional methods and to describe the clinical and laboratory features between patients with bacterial pneumonia (bp) and viral pneumonia (vp). adults with cap admitted from november 2009 to october 2010 were included. demographics, comorbidities, severity and clinical features were recorded. conventional microbiological methods included blood and sputum cultures, acu ... | 2012 | 22549730 |
| a gel-free proteomic-based method for the characterization of bordetella pertussis clinical isolates. | bordetella pertussis (bp) is the etiologic agent of pertussis or whooping cough, a highly contagious respiratory disease occurring primarily in infants and young children. although vaccine preventable, pertussis cases have increased over the years leading researchers to re-evaluate vaccine control strategies. since bacterial outer membrane proteins, comprising the surfaceome, often play roles in pathogenesis and antibody-mediated immunity, three recent bp circulating isolates were examined using ... | 2012 | 22537821 |
| bordetella pertussis toxin does not induce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human whole blood. | pertussis toxin (ptx) is one of the most important virulence factors of bordetella pertussis, the cause of whooping cough. therefore, the inactivated toxin is an obligatory constituent of acellular pertussis vaccines. it is described in the literature that both native ptx and recombinant pertussis toxin (ptg) activate human monocytes whereas others report an inhibition of mammalian monocytes during pertussis infection. b. pertussis, as a gram-negative bacterium, harbours naturally lipopolysaccha ... | 2012 | 22527330 |
| blockade of endothelial g(i) protein enhances early engraftment in intraportal cell transplant to mouse liver. | the limited availability of liver donors and recent progress in cell therapy technologies has centered interest on cell transplantation as a therapeutic alternative to orthotopic liver transplant for restoring liver function. following transplant by intraportal perfusion, the main obstacle to cell integration in the parenchyma is the endothelial barrier. transplanted cells form emboli in the portal branches, inducing ischemia and reperfusion injury, which cause disruption of endothelial impermea ... | 2012 | 22525519 |
| adhesin contribution to nanomechanical properties of the virulent bordetella pertussis envelope. | adherence to a biological surface allows bacteria to colonize and persist within the host and represents an essential first step in the pathogenesis of most bacterial diseases. consequently, the physicochemical properties of the outer membrane in bacteria play a key role for attachment to surfaces and therefore for biofilm formation. bordetella pertussis is a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the respiratory tract of humans, producing whooping cough or pertussis, a highly infectious disease ... | 2012 | 22515332 |
| empyema due to bordetella pertussis in an adult patient with lung cancer. | | 2012 | 22503592 |
| comparative seroepidemiology of pertussis, diphtheria and poliovirus antibodies in singapore: waning pertussis immunity in a highly immunized population and the need for adolescent booster doses. | we assessed the seroepidemiology of pertussis, diphtheria and poliovirus antibodies in a cohort of highly immunized children, together with the burden of these diseases in singapore. | 2012 | 22475863 |
| genotypic and phenotypic characterization of bordetella pertussis strains used in different vaccine formulations in latin america. | to characterize bordetella pertussis vaccine strains in comparison with current circulating bacteria. | 2012 | 22471652 |
| pertussis resurgence among vaccinated children in khairpur, sindh, pakistan. | to investigate the aetiology of persistent cough among vaccinated children as suspected cases of pertussis in khairpur district, sindh, pakistan. pertussis or whooping cough, caused by bordetella pertussis, is re-appearing in many countries despite vaccination coverage. in khairpur, persistent cough and symptoms similar to pertussis among vaccinated children are common but the aetiology has not been investigated previously. | 2012 | 22445714 |
| two closely related strains associated with pertussis resurgence in israel. | eighty-two isolates of bordetella pertussis analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis from the epidemic years, 2007 to 2008, revealed 4 strains with 2 closely related isolates accounting for 95% of the circulating strains. the most common israeli strain has the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis cluster as the dominant european bpsr11 strain (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis cluster ivβ) identified in the 1999 to 2004 eu pertstrain ii project. | 2012 | 22426299 |
| unexpectedly limited durability of immunity following acellular pertussis vaccination in preadolescents in a north american outbreak. | despite widespread childhood vaccination against bordetella pertussis, disease remains prevalent. it has been suggested that acellular vaccine may be less effective than previously believed. during a large outbreak, we examined the incidence of pertussis and effectiveness of vaccination in a well-vaccinated, well-defined community. | 2012 | 22423127 |
| acellular vaccines for preventing whooping cough in children. | routine use of whole-cell pertussis (wp) vaccines was suspended in some countries in the 1970s and 1980s because of concerns about adverse effects. following such action, there was a resurgence of whooping cough. acellular pertussis (ap) vaccines, containing purified or recombinant bordetella pertussis (b. pertussis) antigens, were developed in the hope that they would be as effective, but less reactogenic than the whole-cell vaccines. | 2012 | 22419280 |
| newly emerging clones of bordetella pertussis carrying prn2 and ptxp3 alleles implicated in australian pertussis epidemic in 2008-2010. | australia is experiencing a prolonged epidemic of pertussis that began in 2008. a total of 194 bordetella pertussis isolates collected from 2008 through 2010 were typed by single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) analysis, by multilocus variable number tandem repeats analysis, and by fim3, prn, and ptxp sequence analyses. strains with 2 closely related snp profiles carrying prn2 and ptxp3 from the recently emerged snp cluster i predominated. the data suggest increasing selection among the b. pertuss ... | 2012 | 22416243 |
| pathogenomics of pasteurella multocida. | the first complete genome sequence of the p. multocida avian isolate pm70 was reported in 2001. analysis of the genome identified many predicted virulence genes, including two encoding homologues of the bordetella pertussis filamentous haemagluttinins, and genes involved in iron transport and metabolism. availability of the genome sequence allowed for a range of whole-genome transcriptomic and proteomic analyses and these have helped us understand how p. multocida responds to growth in the prese ... | 2012 | 22402726 |
| seroprevalence of bordetella pertussis immunoglobulin g antibodies among children in samsun, turkey. | in this study, we aimed to investigate anti-pertussis immunoglobulin (ig) g antibodies in the serum of children in our region vaccinated against pertussis with four doses. between august 2008-2009, antibody levels to bordetella pertussis (b. pertussis) antigens were studied in 385 serum samples from healthy children aged 1.5-18 years (y) vaccinated against pertussis in samsun, turkey. the study population was divided into six groups according to ages: 1.5-3 y; 4-5 y; 6-8 y; 10-12 y; 13-15 y; and ... | 2012 | 22397036 |
| pertussis presenting as hoarseness in an adult. | pertussis is a rare condition in adults. this report describes a 65-year-old man presenting to the otolaryngology service with hoarseness secondary to pertussis. he had a history of worsening cough and hoarseness occurring over several weeks. laryngoscopy showed significant erythema at the medial edges of the vocal folds. stroboscopy demonstrated bilateral decreased amplitude and decreased mucosal wave of the vocal folds. polymerase chain reaction testing of the sputum revealed bordetella pertus ... | 2012 | 22359141 |
| an upsurge in pertussis: epidemiology and trends. | the objective of the study was to review the 2010 pertussis upsurge occurring within california and recent experiences at a large tertiary care children's hospital within california. | 2012 | 22344207 |
| a diet enriched with cocoa prevents ige synthesis in a rat allergy model. | previous studies in young rats reported the impact of cocoa intake on healthy immune status and allow suggesting it may have a role in the prevention of some immune-mediated diseases. the aim of this study was to ascertain the effect of a cocoa diet in a model of allergy in young rats. three-week-old brown norway rats were immunized by i.p. injection of ovalbumin (ova) with alum as adjuvant and bordetella pertussis toxin. during the next 4 weeks rats received either a cocoa diet (containing 0.2% ... | 2012 | 22342543 |
| the genome, evolution and diversity of mycobacterium ulcerans. | mycobacterium ulcerans (m. ulcerans) causes a devastating infection of the skin and underlying tissue commonly known as buruli ulcer (bu). genetic analyses indicate that m. ulcerans has a common ancestor with mycobacterium marinum (m. marinum) and has diverged from this fish and human pathogen perhaps around a million years ago. m. ulcerans is characterized by minimal genetic diversity and since it has a highly clonal population structure, genetic differences between individual isolates reflect ... | 2012 | 22306192 |
| a structural motif is the recognition site for a new family of bacterial protein o-glycosyltransferases. | the escherichia coli adhesin involved in diffuse adherence (aida-i) is a multifunctional protein that belongs to the family of monomeric autotransporters. this adhesin can be glycosylated by the aida-associated heptosyltransferase (aah). glycosylation appears to be restricted to the extracellular domain of aida-i, which comprises imperfect repeats of a 19-amino-acid consensus sequence and is predicted to form a β-helix. here, we show that aah homologues can be found in many gram-negative bacteri ... | 2012 | 22304382 |
| selection and emergence of pertussis toxin promoter ptxp3 allele in the evolution of bordetella pertussis. | evolutionary studies using single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) have separated bordetella pertussis isolates into six major clusters, with recent isolates forming cluster i. the expansion of cluster i isolates was characterised by changes in genes encoding antigenic components in acellular vaccines, including pertactin (prn). here, we determined the initial emergence of the pertussis toxin promoter allele, ptxp3, from an evolutionary perspective. this allele was previously shown in a study fro ... | 2012 | 22293463 |
| pertussis pseudo-outbreak linked to specimens contaminated by bordetella pertussis dna from clinic surfaces. | we investigated a pertussis outbreak characterized by atypical cases, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) alone at a single laboratory, which persisted despite high vaccine coverage and routine control measures. we aimed to determine whether bordetella pertussis was the causative agent and advise on control interventions. | 2012 | 22250029 |
| antigen-specific responses assessment for the evaluation of bordetella pertussis t cell immunity in humans. | measurement of antigen-specific t cell responses is an adjunctive parameter to evaluate protection induced by a previous bordetella pertussis infection or vaccination. the assessment of t cell responses is technically complex and usually performed on fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). the objective of this study was to identify simplified methods to assess pertussis specific t cell responses and verify if these assays could be performed using frozen/thawed (frozen) pbmc. three read ... | 2012 | 22230582 |
| antibody levels against b. pertussis in neonates measured in dried blood spots. | we designed this study to investigate if immunoglobuline g-pertussis toxin (igg-pt) against bordetella pertussis in umbilical cord blood can reliably be determined in dried blood spots on filter paper (guthrie) cards. | 2012 | 22227147 |
| effect of methyl-cyclodextrin on adenylate cyclase activity of bordetella pertussis. | the activity of bordetella pertussis extracytoplasmic adenylate cyclase (ac) decreased during decelerating growth phase in a stainer-scholte medium. neither proteolytic activity nor virulence variation (phase variation; antigenic modulation) appears to be responsible for the observed activity fall. the addition of methyl-β-cyclo-dextrin enhances ac activity and prevents the inhibition of ac activity by fatty acids. cyclodextrin could entrap inhibitors increasing in this way the ac activity. thes ... | 1991 | 24425017 |