| a pcv2 vaccine based on genotype 2b is more effective than a 2a-based vaccine to protect against pcv2b or combined pcv2a/2b viremia in pigs with concurrent pcv2, prrsv and ppv infection. | the predominant genotype of porcine circovirus (pcv) in the pig population today is pcv2b yet pcv2a-based commercial vaccines are considered effective in protecting against porcine circovirus associated disease. the objective of this study was to compare the ability of pcv2a- and pcv2b-based vaccines to control pcv2b viremia in a challenge model that mimics the u.s. field situation. sixty-three pigs were randomly assigned to one of eight groups. sixteen pigs were vaccinated with an experimental ... | 2013 | 23174198 |
| peste des petits ruminants virus, mauritania. | | 2014 | 24447781 |
| periodic screening pelvic examination: evidence report and systematic review for the us preventive services task force. | recent changes in the periodicity of cervical cancer screening have led to questions about the role of screening pelvic examinations among asymptomatic women. | 2017 | 28267861 |
| an evidence synthesis approach to estimating the proportion of influenza among influenza-like illness patients. | estimation of the national-level incidence of seasonal influenza is notoriously challenging. surveillance of influenza-like illness is carried out in many countries using a variety of data sources, and several methods have been developed to estimate influenza incidence. our aim was to obtain maximally informed estimates of the proportion of influenza-like illness that is true influenza using all available data. | 2017 | 28252453 |
| experimental and computational surface hydrophobicity analysis of a non-enveloped virus and proteins. | the physical characteristics of viruses needs to be understood in order to manipulate the interaction of viruses with host cells, as well as to create specific molecular recognition techniques to detect, purify, and remove viruses. viruses are generally believed to be positively charged at physiological ph, but there are few other defining characteristics. here, we have experimentally and computationally demonstrated that a non-enveloped virus is more hydrophobic than a panel of model proteins. ... | 2017 | 28219841 |
| antiviral activity of a novel composition of peracetic acid disinfectant on parvoviruses. | porcine parvoviruses (ppv) are known to be particularly resistant to many disinfectants used to control other non-enveloped viruses. however, effective disinfectants used against ppv are harsh and corrosive to animal health facilities and the environment. we propose a noncorrosive "green" disinfectant that generates peracetic acid in-situ and is capable of inactivating ppv completely at a 1% concentration for a 10-minute contact time. | 2017 | 28154460 |
| new highly divergent plum pox virus isolates infecting sour cherry in russia. | unusual plum pox virus (ppv) isolates (named tat isolates) were discovered on sour cherry (prunus cerasus) in russia. they failed to be recognized by rt-pcr using commonly employed primers specific to the strains c or cr (the only ones that proved able to infect sour cherry) as well as to the strains m and w. some of them can be detected by rt-pcr using the ppv-d-specific primers p1/pd or by tas-elisa with the ppv-c-specific monoclonal antibody ac. phylogenetic analysis of the 3'-terminal genomi ... | 2017 | 28006670 |
| epidemiological and immunopathological studies on porcine parvovirus infection in punjab. | the aim of this study was to get the first-hand knowledge about the seroprevalence of porcine parvovirus (ppv) in punjab and a diagnosis of ppv from abortion cases of swine using gross, histopathological, and immunohistopathological techniques to observe the tissue tropism of the virus strain. | 2016 | 27651669 |
| fighting sharka in peach: current limitations and future perspectives. | sharka, caused by plum pox virus (ppv), is by far the most important infectious disease of peach [p. persica (l.) batsch] and other prunus species. the progressive spread of the virus in many important growing areas throughout europe poses serious issues to the economic sustainability of stone fruit crops, peach in particular. the adoption of internationally agreed-upon rules for diagnostic tests, strain-specific monitoring schemes and spatial-temporal modeling of virus spread, are all essential ... | 2016 | 27625664 |
| sugars and organic acids in plum fruit affected by plum pox virus. | plum pox virus (ppv) causes severe economic losses in stone fruit production, but little is known about its effect on plum fruit composition. in this study, the influence of ppv on sugars and organic acids was evaluated in a susceptible plum (prunus domestica l.) cultivar. | 2017 | 27614092 |
| an efficient viral vector for functional genomic studies of prunus fruit trees and its induced resistance to plum pox virus via silencing of a host factor gene. | rna silencing is a powerful technology for molecular characterization of gene functions in plants. a commonly used approach to the induction of rna silencing is through genetic transformation. a potent alternative is to use a modified viral vector for virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) to degrade rna molecules sharing similar nucleotide sequence. unfortunately, genomic studies in many allogamous woody perennials such as peach are severely hindered because they have a long juvenile period and ar ... | 2017 | 27565765 |
| new insights into the history of domesticated and wild apricots and its contribution to plum pox virus resistance. | studying domesticated species and their wild relatives allows understanding of the mechanisms of population divergence and adaptation, and identifying valuable genetic resources. apricot is an important fruit in the northern hemisphere, where it is threatened by the plum pox virus (ppv), causing the sharka disease. the histories of apricot domestication and of its resistance to sharka are however still poorly understood. we used 18 microsatellite markers to genotype a collection of 230 wild tree ... | 2016 | 27480465 |
| complete genome sequence of a novel potyvirus, callistephus mottle virus, identified in callistephus chinensis. | the complete genomic sequence of a novel putative member of the genus potyvirus was detected from callistephus chinensis (china aster) in south korea. the genomic rna consists of 9,859 nucleotides (excluding the 3' poly(a) tail) and contains the typical open reading frame of potyviruses, encoding a putative large polyprotein of 3,154 amino acids. the callistephus virus is most closely related to plum pox virus and members of the apvy subgroup which showed 50-52 % polyprotein amino acid sequence ... | 2016 | 27480416 |
| genotyping by sequencing (gbs) in apricots and genetic diversity assessment with gbs-derived single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps). | genotyping by sequencing (gbs), which is a highly promising technique for molecular breeding, has been implemented in apricots, including turkish, european, and plum pox virus-resistant accessions. dna samples were digested with the apeki restriction enzyme to construct a genome-complexity-reduced 90-plex gbs library. after filtering the raw sequences, approximately 28 g of clean data were generated, and 17,842 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) loci were discovered. a total of 56 ... | 2016 | 27465591 |
| should viral load thresholds be lowered?: revisiting the who definition for virologic failure in patients on antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings. | the world health organization (who) guidelines on antiretroviral therapy (art) define treatment failure as 2 consecutive viral loads (vls) ≥1000 copies/ml. there is, however, little evidence supporting 1000 copies as an optimal threshold to define treatment failure. objective of this study was to assess the correlation of the who definition with the presence of drug-resistance mutations in patients who present with 2 consecutive unsuppressed vl in a resource-limited setting.in 10 nurse-led clini ... | 2016 | 27428189 |
| [immune response of recombinant pseudorabies virus rprv-vp2 expressing vp2 gene of porcine parvovirus in mice]. | in order to develop a combined live vaccine that will be used to prevent against porcine parvovirus (ppv) and pseudorabies virus (prv) infection, the vp2 gene of ppv was inserted into the transfer vector plasmid pg to produce the recombinant plasmid pgvp2. the plasmid pgvp2 and the genome of prv hb98 attenuated vaccine were transfected by using lipofectamine into swine testis cells for the homologous recombination. the recombinant virus rprv-vp2 was purified by selection of green fluorescence pl ... | 2016 | 27396164 |
| validity of the coding for herpes simplex encephalitis in the danish national patient registry. | large health care databases are a valuable source of infectious disease epidemiology if diagnoses are valid. the aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of the recorded diagnosis coding of herpes simplex encephalitis (hse) in the danish national patient registry (dnpr). | 2016 | 27330328 |
| plum pox virus capsid protein suppresses plant pathogen-associated molecular pattern (pamp)-triggered immunity. | the perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps) by immune receptors launches defence mechanisms referred to as pamp-triggered immunity (pti). successful pathogens must suppress pti pathways via the action of effectors to efficiently colonize their hosts. so far, plant pti has been reported to be active against most classes of pathogens, except viruses, although this defence layer has been hypothesized recently as an active part of antiviral immunity which needs to be suppressed ... | 2016 | 27301551 |
| removal process of prion and parvovirus from human platelet lysates used as clinical-grade supplement for ex vivo cell expansion. | pooled human platelet lysate (hpl) is becoming the new gold standard as supplement for ex vivo cell culture for clinical protocols. however, the risk of pathogen contamination of hpl increases with the platelet pool size. we hypothesized that hollow fiber anion exchange membrane chromatography using qyuspeed d (qsd) could remove resistant and untested bloodborne pathogens, such as parvoviruses and prions, from hpl-supplemented growth media without substantially affecting their capacity to suppor ... | 2016 | 27260210 |
| utility of keywords from chest radiograph reports for pneumonia surveillance among hospitalized patients with influenza: the cdc influenza hospitalization surveillance network, 2008-2009. | transcripts from admission chest radiographs could aid in identification of pneumonia cases for public health surveillance. we assessed the reliability of radiographic data abstraction and performance of radiographic key terms to identify pneumonia in patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infection. | 2017 | 27252568 |
| evaluation of case definitions to detect respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized children below 5 years in rural western kenya, 2009-2013. | in order to better understand respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) epidemiology and burden in tropical africa, optimal case definitions for detection of rsv cases need to be identified. | 2016 | 27207342 |
| diagnostic performance of influenza viruses and rsv rapid antigen detection tests in children in tertiary care. | rapid antigen detection tests (radts) are increasingly used to detect influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). however, their sensitivity and specificity are a matter of debate, challenging their clinical usefulness. | 2016 | 27045454 |
| plum pox virus 6k1 protein is required for viral replication and targets the viral replication complex at the early stage of infection. | the potyviral rna genome encodes two polyproteins that are proteolytically processed by three viral protease domains into 11 mature proteins. extensive molecular studies have identified functions for the majority of the viral proteins. for example, 6k2, one of the two smallest potyviral proteins, is an integral membrane protein and induces the endoplasmic reticulum (er)-originated replication vesicles that target the chloroplast for robust viral replication. however, the functional role of 6k1, ... | 2016 | 26962227 |
| incidence of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection amongst children in ontario, canada: a population-based study using validated health administrative data. | rsv is a common illness among young children that causes significant morbidity and health care costs. | 2016 | 26958849 |
| an inactivated whole-virus porcine parvovirus vaccine protects pigs against disease but does not prevent virus shedding even after homologous virus challenge. | inactivated whole-virus vaccines against porcine parvovirus (ppv) can prevent disease but not infection and virus shedding after heterologous virus challenge. here, we showed that the same is true for a homologous challenge. pregnant sows were vaccinated with an experimental inactivated vaccine based on ppv strain 27a. they were challenged on day 40 of gestation with the virulent porcine parvovirus ppv-27a from which the vaccine was prepared (homologous challenge). on day 90 of gestation, the fe ... | 2016 | 26939976 |
| porcine parvovirus as a contaminant in cell cultures and laboratory supplies. | although ppv has been described as a cellular contaminant, few recent studies about the presence of this virus in cell cultures, serum, and trypsin were found in the literature. the purpose of this study was to detect the presence of porcine parvovirus (ppv) by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in cell cultures, serum, and trypsin used in official public laboratories of educational institutes and research centers. we tested samples of cell cultures (88), batches of trypsin (10), and fetal bovine s ... | 2016 | 26811218 |
| a rapid protocol of crude rna/dna extraction for rt-qpcr detection and quantification of 'candidatus phytoplasma prunorum'. | many efforts have been made to develop a rapid and sensitive method for phytoplasma and virus detection. taking our cue from previous works, different rapid sample preparation methods have been tested and applied to candidatus phytoplasma prunorum ('ca. p. prunorum') detection by rt-qpcr. a duplex rt-qpcr has been optimized using the crude sap as a template to simultaneously amplify a fragment of 16s rrna of the pathogen and 18s rrna of the host plant. the specific plant 18s rrna internal contro ... | 2016 | 26742106 |
| genome sequence analysis of new isolates of the winona strain of plum pox virus and the first definitive evidence of intrastrain recombination events. | plum pox virus (ppv) is genetically diverse with nine different strains identified. mutations, indel events, and interstrain recombination events are known to contribute to the genetic diversity of ppv. this is the first report of intrastrain recombination events that contribute to ppv's genetic diversity. fourteen isolates of the ppv strain winona (w) were analyzed including nine new strain w isolates sequenced completely in this study. isolates of other strains of ppv with more than one isolat ... | 2016 | 26667187 |
| ppv susceptibility of commonly used peach rootstock-scion combinations. | sharka disease is one of the most devastating plant epidemics of prunus species, caused by plum pox virus (ppv). the viral infection affects the fruits by weight-loss and degradation of quality properties. breeding of resistant rootstocks and cultivars is one of the most effective disease control methods. ppv determines the peach production all over the world. on the world's fruit production list peach is in the sixth, in the mediterranean region in the fourth place. in this study new data were ... | 2015 | 26666193 |
| differentially expressed genes in healthy and plum pox virus-infected nicotiana benthamiana plants. | viruses use both material and energy sources of their hosts and redirect the production of disposable compounds in order to make viral replication more efficient. metabolism of infected organisms is modified by these enhanced requirements as well by their own defense response. resulting complex story consists of many regulation events on various gene expression levels. elucidating these processes may contribute to the knowledge on virus-host interactions and to evolving new antiviral strategies. ... | 2015 | 26666187 |
| gene expression analysis of plum pox virus (sharka) susceptibility/resistance in apricot (prunus armeniaca l.). | rna-seq has proven to be a very powerful tool in the analysis of the plum pox virus (ppv, sharka disease)/prunus interaction. this technique is an important complementary tool to other means of studying genomics. in this work an analysis of gene expression of resistance/susceptibility to ppv in apricot is performed. rna-seq has been applied to analyse the gene expression changes induced by ppv infection in leaves from two full-sib apricot genotypes, "rojo pasión" and "z506-7", resistant and susc ... | 2015 | 26658051 |
| occurrence and characterization of plum pox virus strain d isolates from european russia and crimea. | numerous plum pox virus (ppv) strain d isolates have been found in geographically distant regions of european russia and the crimean peninsula on different stone fruit hosts. phylogenetic analysis of their partial and complete genomes suggests multiple introductions of ppv-d into russia. distinct natural isolates from prunus tomentosa were found to bear unique amino acid substitutions in the n-terminus of the coat protein (cp) that may contribute to the adaptation of ppv-d to this host. serologi ... | 2016 | 26530833 |
| assessing the mismatch between incubation and latent periods for vector-borne diseases: the case of sharka. | the relative durations of the incubation period (the time between inoculation and symptom expression) and of the latent period (the time between inoculation and infectiousness of the host) are poorly documented for plant diseases. however, the extent of asynchrony between the ends of these two periods (i.e., their mismatch) can be a key determinant of the epidemic dynamics for many diseases and consequently it is of primary interest in the design of disease management strategies. in order to ass ... | 2015 | 26512749 |
| first identification of porcine parvovirus 6 in north america by viral metagenomic sequencing of serum from pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | currently, eight species in four genera of parvovirus have been described that infect swine. these include ungulate protoparvovirus 1 (classical porcine parvovirus, ppv), ungulate tetraparvovirus 2 (ppv3), ungulate tetraparvovirus 3 (which includes ppv2, porcine hokovirus, porcine partetravirus and porcine parv4), ungulate copiparvovirus 2 (which includes ppv4 and ppv5), ungulate bocaparvovirus 2 (which includes porcine bocavirus 1, 2 and 6), ungulate bocaparvovirus 3 (porcine bocavirus 5), ungu ... | 2015 | 26475593 |
| molecular epidemiology and evolution of porcine parvoviruses. | porcine parvovirus (ppv), recently named ungulate protoparvovirus 1, is considered to be one of the most important causes of reproductive failure in swine. fetal death, mummification, stillbirths and delayed return to estrus are predominant clinical signs commonly associated with ppv infection in a herd. it has recently been shown that certain parvoviruses exhibit a nucleotide substitution rate close to that commonly determined for rna viruses. however, the ppv vaccines broadly used in the last ... | 2015 | 26453771 |
| aphid transmission of the ontario isolate of plum pox virus. | utilization of timed virus acquisition access probes in studies of plum pox virus (ppv) transmission by aphids demonstrated that endemic species transmitted the virus readily from plum, prunus domestica (l.) batsch; peach, p. persica (l.); or dwarf flowering almond, p. glandulosa thunberg., to peach seedlings. the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), was shown to be the most efficient vector. acquisition of virus by green peach aphids from infected peach leaves resulted in 18-28% infected ... | 2015 | 26453705 |
| a prospective study on the predictive value of plasma bk virus-dna load for hemorrhagic cystitis in pediatric patients after stem cell transplantation. | in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct), late hemorrhagic cystitis (hc) has been associated with bk virus (bkv) infection. we assessed the value of plasma bkv load in predicting hc. | 2015 | 26407413 |
| the pathogenic role of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 and their correlations with various viral pathogens and host immunocytes in wasting pigs. | the pathogenic role of torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) in swine is controversial among different studies. the present study intended to evaluate the potential pathogenicity of ttsuv based on its correlations with the histopathological changes, various common concurrently infected viral pathogens including porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), and porcine parvovirus (ppv), as well as changes in the distribution and population of host immunocy ... | 2015 | 26390821 |
| genome-wide association links candidate genes to resistance to plum pox virus in apricot (prunus armeniaca). | in fruit tree species, many important traits have been characterized genetically by using single-family descent mapping in progenies segregating for the traits. however, most mapped loci have not been sufficiently resolved to the individual genes due to insufficient progeny sizes for high resolution mapping and the previous lack of whole-genome sequence resources of the study species. to address this problem for plum pox virus (ppv) candidate resistance gene identification in prunus species, we ... | 2016 | 26356603 |
| combining billing codes, clinical notes, and medications from electronic health records provides superior phenotyping performance. | to evaluate the phenotyping performance of three major electronic health record (ehr) components: international classification of disease (icd) diagnosis codes, primary notes, and specific medications. | 2016 | 26338219 |
| poor positive predictive value of influenza-like illness criteria in adult transplant patients: a case for multiplex respiratory virus pcr testing. | respiratory viral infections (rvis) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among transplant patients. the cdc's influenza-like illness (ili) criteria (fever ≥100°f with cough and/or sore throat) are a screening tool for influenza with unknown applicability to the transplant population. | 2015 | 26338182 |
| nucleus accumbens-associated protein 1 expression has potential as a marker for distinguishing oral epithelial dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. | oral epithelial dysplasia (oed) and carcinoma in situ (cis) are defined by dysplastic cells in the epithelium. over a third of oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) patients present with associated oed. however, accurate histopathological diagnosis of such lesions is difficult. nucleus accumbens-associated protein 1 (nac1) is a member of the pox virus and zinc finger/bric-a-brac tramtrack broad complex family of proteins, and is overexpressed in oscc. this study aimed to determine whether nac1 has ... | 2015 | 26172271 |
| persistent corneal epithelial defect after pars plana vitrectomy. | to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and clinical course of persistent corneal epithelial defects (pced) after pars plana vitrectomy (ppv). | 2016 | 26166798 |
| assorted processing of synthetic trans-acting sirnas and its activity in antiviral resistance. | the use of syn-tasirnas has been proposed as an rna interference technique alternative to those previously described: hairpin based, virus induced gene silencing or artificial mirnas. in this study we engineered the tas1c locus to impair plum pox virus (ppv) infection by replacing the five native sirnas with two 210-bp fragments from the cp and the 3´ncr regions of the ppv genome. deep sequencing analysis of the small rna species produced by both constructs in planta has shown that phased proces ... | 2015 | 26147769 |
| allelic variation at the rpv1 locus controls partial resistance to plum pox virus infection in arabidopsis thaliana. | sharka is caused by plum pox virus (ppv) in stone fruit trees. in orchards, the virus is transmitted by aphids and by grafting. in arabidopsis, ppv is transferred by mechanical inoculation, by biolistics and by agroinoculation with infectious cdna clones. partial resistance to ppv has been observed in the cvi-1 and col-0 arabidopsis accessions and is characterized by a tendency to escape systemic infection. indeed, only one third of the plants are infected following inoculation, in comparison wi ... | 2015 | 26109391 |
| biotechnological strategies and tools for plum pox virus resistance: trans-, intra-, cis-genesis, and beyond. | plum pox virus (ppv) is the etiological agent of sharka, the most devastating and economically important viral disease affecting prunus species. it is widespread in most stone fruits producing countries even though eradication and quarantine programs are in place. the development of resistant cultivars and rootstocks remains the most ecologically and economically suitable approach to achieve long-term control of sharka disease. however, the few ppv resistance genetic resources found in prunus ge ... | 2015 | 26106397 |
| sharka epidemiology and worldwide management strategies: learning lessons to optimize disease control in perennial plants. | many plant epidemics that cause major economic losses cannot be controlled with pesticides. among them, sharka epidemics severely affect prunus trees worldwide. its causal agent, plum pox virus (ppv; genus potyvirus), has been classified as a quarantine pathogen in numerous countries. as a result, various management strategies have been implemented in different regions of the world, depending on the epidemiological context and on the objective (i.e., eradication, suppression, containment, or res ... | 2015 | 26047559 |
| native electrophoresis and western blot analysis (neweb): methods and applications. | native electrophoresis and western blot analysis (neweb) has been developed for the study of plant virus characteristics, among others, virus particle-protein interactions, electrophorotype formation, and strain separation. the method is based on the property of electrophoretic mobility of virus particles (vp) and proteins and combines the analytical capacity of electrophoresis with the specificity of western blot. one of its advantages is that it deals with entire vp that can be studied in caus ... | 2015 | 26044016 |
| snapshot and ce-sscp: two simple and cost-effective methods to reveal genetic variability within a virus species. | the multiplex snapshot and the capillary electrophoresis-single-strand conformation polymorphism (ce-sscp) procedures are here used for rapid and high-throughput description of the molecular variability of viral populations. both approaches are based on (1) standard amplification of genomic sequence(s), (2) labeled primers or labeled single-stranded dna, and (3) migration of fluorescent-labeled molecules in capillary electrophoresis system. the snapshot technology was used to describe the divers ... | 2015 | 25981256 |
| respiratory viruses in airline travellers with influenza symptoms: results of an airport screening study. | there is very little known about the prevalence and distribution of respiratory viruses, other than influenza, in international air travellers and whether symptom screening would aid in the prediction of which travellers are more likely to be infected with specific respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 25959149 |
| enveloped virus flocculation and removal in osmolyte solutions. | our ability to reduce infectious disease burden throughout the world has been greatly improved by the creation of vaccines. however, worldwide immunization rates are low. the two most likely reasons are the lack of sufficient distribution in underdeveloped countries and the high cost of vaccine products. the high costs are due to the difficulties of manufacturing individual vaccine products with specialized purification trains. in this study, we propose to use virus flocculation in osmolytes, fo ... | 2015 | 25865274 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of germacrone against porcine parvovirus. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) infections can lead to significant losses to the swine industry by causing reproductive failure in pigs. germacrone has been reported to efficiently suppress the replication of influenza virus. in this report, the antiviral activity of germacrone on ppv in swine testis (st) cells was investigated. here, we show for the first time that germacrone protects cells from ppv infection and suppresses the synthesis of viral mrna and protein. furthermore, we show that germacrone ... | 2015 | 25813663 |
| clinical utility of urinary cytology to detect bk viral nephropathy. | reactivation of bk polyoma virus can result in destructive viral allograft nephropathy (bkvan) with limited treatment options. screening programs using surrogate markers of viral replication are important preventive strategies, guiding immunosuppression reduction. | 2015 | 25769077 |
| parapoxvirus (ppv) of red deer reveals subclinical infection and confirms a unique species. | parapoxvirus (ppv) infections are of worldwide importance, particularly in sheep and goat herds. owing to the zoonotic potential of all ppv species, they are a permanent threat to human health as well. the virus is also known to affect wildlife, as reported for pinnipeds, red deer and several other wild ruminants. ppvs found in red deer have been claimed as a unique species according to certain genomic features. so far infection of wildlife has been recognized because of clinical manifestation s ... | 2015 | 25701822 |
| effect of plum pox virus on chemical composition and fruit quality of plum. | the quality of fruit from ppv (plum pox virus)-infected plum (prunus domestica l.) trees was investigated during the last 3 weeks of ripening using healthy tree (t3), tree with short-term infection (t2), and tree with long-term infection (t1). the pomological variables (presence of necrosis on fruit, color of fruit, color of flesh, firmness, soluble solids content, and fruit weight) and composition of nutritive compounds (sugars and organic acids) and bioactive compounds (phenolics: anthocyanins ... | 2015 | 25495040 |
| the p25 protein of potato virus x (pvx) is the main pathogenicity determinant responsible for systemic necrosis in pvx-associated synergisms. | most plant viruses counter the rna silencing-based antiviral defense by expressing viral suppressors of rna silencing (vsrs). in this sense, vsrs may be regarded as virulence effectors that can be recognized by the host as avirulence (avr) factors to induce r-mediated resistance. we made use of agrobacterium-mediated transient coexpression of vsrs in combination with potato virus x (pvx) to recapitulate in local tissues the systemic necrosis (sn) caused by pvx-potyvirus synergistic infections in ... | 2015 | 25473046 |
| sharka: how do plants respond to plum pox virus infection? | plum pox virus (ppv), the causal agent of sharka disease, is one of the most studied plant viruses, and major advances in detection techniques, genome characterization and organization, gene expression, transmission, and the description of candidate genes involved in ppv resistance have been described. however, information concerning the plant response to ppv infection is very scarce. in this review, we provide an updated summary of the research carried out to date in order to elucidate how plan ... | 2015 | 25336685 |
| performance of rapid influenza diagnostic testing in outbreak settings. | rapid influenza diagnostic tests (ridts) may be useful during institutional respiratory disease outbreaks to identify influenza and enable antivirals to be rapidly administered to patients and for the prophylactic treatment of those exposed to the virus but not yet symptomatic. the performance of ridts at the outbreak level is not well documented in the literature. this study aimed to evaluate the performance of ridts in comparison with that of real-time reverse transcription (rrt)-pcr in the co ... | 2014 | 25320225 |
| ion-channel genosensor for the detection of specific dna sequences derived from plum pox virus in plant extracts. | a dna biosensor for detection of specific oligonucleotides sequences of plum pox virus (ppv) in plant extracts and buffer is proposed. the working principles of a genosensor are based on the ion-channel mechanism. the nh2-ssdna probe was deposited onto a glassy carbon electrode surface to form an amide bond between the carboxyl group of oxidized electrode surface and amino group from ssdna probe. the analytical signals generated as a result of hybridization were registered in osteryoung square w ... | 2014 | 25302809 |
| resistance to plum pox virus strain c in arabidopsis thaliana and chenopodium foetidum involves genome-linked viral protein and other viral determinants and might depend on compatibility with host translation initiation factors. | research performed on model herbaceous hosts has been useful to unravel the molecular mechanisms that control viral infections. the most common plum pox virus (ppv) strains are able to infect nicotiana species as well as chenopodium and arabidopsis species. however, isolates belonging to strain c (ppv-c) that have been adapted to nicotiana spp. are not infectious either in chenopodium foetidum or in arabidopsis thaliana. in order to determine the mechanism underlying this interesting host-specif ... | 2014 | 25296116 |
| complete genome sequences of two biologically distinct isolates of asparagus virus 1. | the complete genome sequences of two asparagus virus 1 (av-1) isolates differing in their ability to cause systemic infection in nicotiana benthamiana were determined. their genomes had 9,741 nucleotides excluding the 3'-terminal poly(a) tail, encoded a polyprotein of 3,112 amino acids, and shared 99.6 % nucleotide sequence identity. they differed at 37 nucleotide and 15 amino acid sequence positions (99.5 % identity) scattered over the polyprotein. the closest relatives of av-1 in amino acid se ... | 2015 | 25216774 |
| separation of porcine parvovirus from bovine serum albumin using peg-salt aqueous two-phase system. | vaccine production faces a challenge in adopting conventional downstream processing steps that can efficiently purify large viral particles. some major issues that plague vaccine purification are purity, potency, and quality. the industry currently considers 30% as an acceptable virus recovery for a vaccine purification process, including all downstream processes, whereas antibody recovery from cho cell culture is generally around 80-85%. a platform technology with an improved virus recovery wou ... | 2014 | 25086421 |
| classic nuclear localization signals and a novel nuclear localization motif are required for nuclear transport of porcine parvovirus capsid proteins. | nuclear targeting of capsid proteins (vps) is important for genome delivery and precedes assembly in the replication cycle of porcine parvovirus (ppv). clusters of basic amino acids, corresponding to potential nuclear localization signals (nls), were found only in the unique region of vp1 (vp1up, for vp1 unique part). of the five identified basic regions (br), three were important for nuclear localization of vp1up: br1 was a classic pat7 nls, and the combination of br4 and br5 was a classic bipa ... | 2014 | 25078698 |
| generation of recombinant porcine parvovirus virus-like particles in saccharomyces cerevisiae and development of virus-specific monoclonal antibodies. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) is a widespread infectious virus that causes serious reproductive diseases of swine and death of piglets. the gene coding for the major capsid protein vp2 of ppv was amplified using viral nucleic acid extract from swine serum and inserted into yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae expression plasmid. recombinant ppv vp2 protein was efficiently expressed in yeast and purified using density gradient centrifugation. electron microscopy analysis of purified ppv vp2 protein revealed ... | 2014 | 25045718 |
| virus infection of haptolina ericina and phaeocystis pouchetii implicates evolutionary conservation of programmed cell death induction in marine haptophyte-virus interactions. | the mechanisms by which phytoplankton cope with stressors in the marine environment are neither fully characterized nor understood. as viruses are the most abundant entities in the global ocean and represent a strong top-down regulator of phytoplankton abundance and diversity, we sought to characterize the cellular response of two marine haptophytes to virus infection in order to gain more knowledge about the nature and diversity of microalgal responses to this chronic biotic stressor. we infect ... | 2014 | 25013242 |
| rapid diagnostic detection of plum pox virus in prunus plants by isothermal amplifyrp(®) using reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification. | plum pox virus (ppv) causes the most destructive viral disease known as plum pox or sharka disease in stone fruit trees. as an important regulated pathogen, detection of ppv is thus of critical importance to quarantine and eradication of the spreading disease. in this study, the innovative development of two amplifyrp(®) tests is reported for a rapid isothermal detection of ppv using reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification. in an amplifyrp(®) test, all specific recombination a ... | 2014 | 25010790 |
| porcine parvovirus flocculation and removal in the presence of osmolytes. | viruses can be modified into viral vaccines or gene therapy vectors in order to treat acquired or genetic diseases. to satisfy the current market demand, an improvement in current vaccine manufacturing is needed. chromatography and nanofiltration are not suitable for all types of viruses. in this study, we propose to use virus flocculation with osmolytes, followed by microfiltration, as a potential virus purification process. we hypothesize that osmolytes strongly bind to water, thus leading to ... | 2014 | 25003646 |
| analysis of gene expression changes in peach leaves in response to plum pox virus infection using rna-seq. | differences in gene expression were studied after plum pox virus (ppv, sharka disease) infection in peach gf305 leaves with and without sharka symptoms using rna-seq. for each sample, more than 80% of 100-nucleotide paired-end (pe) illumina reads were aligned on the peach reference genome. in the symptomatic sample, a significant proportion of reads were mapped to ppv reference genomes (1.04% compared with 0.00002% in non-symptomatic leaves), allowing for the ultra-deep assembly of the complete ... | 2015 | 24989162 |
| adsorption of a non-enveloped mammalian virus to functionalized nanofibers. | in the pursuit of finding superior methods to remove pathogens from drinking water, this study examines the adsorption of a non-enveloped, mammalian virus to highly charged nanofibers. n-[(2-hydroxyl-3-trimethylammonium) propyl] chitosan (htcc) nanofibers were synthesized by the addition of a quaternary amine to chitosan. htcc was blended with polyvinyl alcohol (pva) to produce nanofibers by electrospinning. the nanofibers were stabilized against water by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. when s ... | 2014 | 24985761 |
| differential rnai responses of nicotiana benthamiana individuals transformed with a hairpin-inducing construct during plum pox virus challenge. | gene silencing and large-scale small rna analysis can be used to develop rna interference (rnai)-based resistance strategies for plum pox virus (ppv), a high impact disease of prunus spp. in this study, a pppvirna hairpin-inducing vector harboring two silencing motif-rich regions of the ppv coat protein (cp) gene was evaluated in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana (nb) plants. wild-type nb plants infected with a chimeric ppv virus (ppv::gfp) exhibited affected leaves with mosaic chlorosis congruen ... | 2014 | 24964777 |
| a novel role of the potyviral helper component proteinase contributes to enhance the yield of viral particles. | the helper component proteinase (hcpro) is an indispensable, multifunctional protein of members of the genus potyvirus and other viruses of the family potyviridae. this viral factor is directly involved in diverse steps of viral infection, such as aphid transmission, polyprotein processing, and suppression of host antiviral rna silencing. in this paper, we show that although a chimeric virus based on the potyvirus plum pox virus lacking hcpro, which was replaced by a heterologous silencing suppr ... | 2014 | 24942578 |
| virus-induced gene silencing in transgenic plants: transgene silencing and reactivation associate with two patterns of transgene body methylation. | we used bisulfite sequencing to study the methylation of a viral transgene whose expression was silenced upon plum pox virus infection of the transgenic plant and its subsequent recovery as a consequence of so-called virus-induced gene silencing (vigs). vigs was associated with a general increase in the accumulation of small rnas corresponding to the coding region of the viral transgene. after vigs, the transgene promoter was not methylated and the coding region showed uneven methylation, with t ... | 2014 | 24916614 |
| use of laboratory reports as predictors of west nile virus disease cases, texas, 2008-2012. | we evaluated laboratory reports as early indicators of west nile virus (wnv) disease cases in texas. we compared wnv laboratory results in the national electronic disease surveillance system base system (nbs) to wnv disease cases reported to the state health department from 2008 to 2012. we calculated sensitivity and positive predictive value (ppv) of nbs reports, estimated the number of disease cases expected per laboratory report, and determined lead and lag times. the sensitivity and ppv of n ... | 2015 | 24762928 |
| antiviral effect of diammonium glycyrrhizinate on cell infection by porcine parvovirus. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) can cause reproductive failure in swine, resulting in economic losses to the industry. antiviral effects of diammonium glycyrrhizinate (dg) have been reported on several animal viruses; however, to date it has yet to be tested on ppv. in this study, the antiviral activity of dg on swine testis (st) cell infection by ppv was investigated using an empirically determined, non-toxic concentration of dg and three different experimental designs: (1) pre-treatment of virus prio ... | 2014 | 24614970 |
| the hypervariable amino-terminus of p1 protease modulates potyviral replication and host defense responses. | the replication of many rna viruses involves the translation of polyproteins, whose processing by endopeptidases is a critical step for the release of functional subunits. p1 is the first protease encoded in plant potyvirus genomes; once activated by an as-yet-unknown host factor, it acts in cis on its own c-terminal end, hydrolyzing the p1-hcpro junction. earlier research suggests that p1 cooperates with hcpro to inhibit host rna silencing defenses. using plum pox virus as a model, we show that ... | 2014 | 24603811 |
| arabidopsis protein phosphatase dbp1 nucleates a protein network with a role in regulating plant defense. | arabidopsis thaliana dbp1 belongs to the plant-specific family of dna-binding protein phosphatases. although recently identified as a novel host factor mediating susceptibility to potyvirus, little is known about dbp1 targets and partners and the molecular mechanisms underlying its function. analyzing changes in the phosphoproteome of a loss-of-function dbp1 mutant enabled the identification of 14-3-3λ isoform (grf6), a previously reported dbp1 interactor, and map kinase (mapk) mpk11 as componen ... | 2014 | 24595057 |
| differential replication of two porcine parvovirus strains in bovine cell lines ensues from initial dna processing and ns1 expression. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) is a small dna virus with restricted coding capacity. the 5 kb genome expresses three major non-structural proteins (ns1, ns2 and sat), and two structural proteins (vp1 and vp2). these few viral proteins are pleiotropic and interact with cellular components throughout viral replication. in this regard, very few cell lines have been shown to replicate the virus efficiently. cell lines were established from a primary culture of bovine cells that allowed allotropic variants ... | 2014 | 24347493 |
| single amino acid changes in the 6k1-ci region can promote the alternative adaptation of prunus- and nicotiana-propagated plum pox virus c isolates to either host. | plum pox virus (ppv) c is one of the less common ppv strains and specifically infects cherry trees in nature. making use of two ppv-c isolates that display different pathogenicity features, i.e., swcmp, which had been adapted to nicotiana species, and by101, which had been isolated from cherry rootstock l2 (prunus lannesiana) and propagated only in cherry species, we have generated two infective full-length cdna clones in order to determine which viral factors are involved in the adaptation to e ... | 2014 | 24200075 |
| plum pox virus and sharka: a model potyvirus and a major disease. | plum pox virus (ppv) is a member of the genus potyvirus in the family potyviridae. ppv diversity is structured into at least eight monophyletic strains. | 2014 | 24102673 |
| epidemiology of viral respiratory tract infections in an outpatient haematology facility. | viral respiratory tract infections (vrti) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in haematology patients, particularly after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). the incidence, clinical presentation and outcome of symptomatic and asymptomatic vrti in hsct outpatient unit were prospectively evaluated during a single influenza season (january-march 2011). pharyngeal swabs were performed at the first visit and if new symptoms were present. molecular multiplex assay for 12 res ... | 2014 | 24097084 |
| fluctuating temperature leads to evolution of thermal generalism and preadaptation to novel environments. | environmental fluctuations can select for generalism, which is also hypothesized to increase organisms' ability to invade novel environments. here, we show that across a range of temperatures, opportunistic bacterial pathogen serratia marcescens that evolved in fluctuating temperature (daily variation between 24°c and 38°c, mean 31°c) outperforms the strains that evolved in constant temperature (31°c). the growth advantage was also evident in novel environments in the presence of parasitic virus ... | 2013 | 24094344 |
| non-enveloped virus reduction with quaternized chitosan nanofibers containing graphene. | membranes are an accepted technology for water purification. membrane filtration can remove pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, by size. for small viruses that can have a diameter <25nm, removal by size leads to large membrane areas, high transmembrane pressures, low water flux, and frequent changing of membranes. in this work, we discovered that electrospun nanofibers made of chitosan and functionalized with a quaternary amine (htcc) have the ability to adsorb a model non-enveloped virus ... | 2013 | 24041631 |
| plum pox virus accumulates mutations in different genome parts during a long-term maintenance in prunus host plants and passage in nicotiana benthamiana. | plum pox virus (ppv) isolates of the strain ppv-m prevalently infect peaches under natural conditions in middle europe. comparison of complete genome sequences obtained from subisolates of a ppv-m isolate maintained experimentally over a 6-year period in different prunus host species and passaged in nicotiana benthamiana was performed with the aim to highlight the mutations potentially connected with the virus-host adaptation. the results showed that the lowest number of non-silent mutations was ... | 2013 | 24020764 |
| [the development of a rapid loop-mediated indirect pcr method for detection and differentiation of highly and lowly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus]. | the aim of this study is to establish the method of loop-mediated indirect pcr assay for detection of reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) infection and differentiation of highly pathogenic prrsv (hp-prrsv) and lowly pathogenic prrsv (lp-prrsv). based on the alignments of orf2 gene sequences and orfla gene sequences of prrsv chinese isolates deposited in genbank, two pairs of specific probes were designed and labeled to both ends of the soybean lectin gene fragment by pcr, respect ... | 2013 | 23894998 |
| [proliferation characteristics of a pk-15 cell-adapted strain of porcine parvovirus]. | to study the proliferation characteristics of ppv in differently infected way and the variance of concentrations in different cells. a strain of porcine parvovirus(ppv) was adapted to pk-15 cells, and a real-time fluorescent quantitative pcr (fq-pcr) assay was developed based on the specific region of the ns1 gene of ppv to quantify the ppv. the fq-pcr was used to measure the viral concentration of virus-infected cells by simultaneous or step by step inoculation and plot one-step growth curves. ... | 2013 | 23894997 |
| complete genome sequence of a novel plum pox virus strain w isolate determined by 454 pyrosequencing. | the near-complete (99.7 %) genome sequence of a novel russian plum pox virus (ppv) isolate pk, belonging to the strain winona (w), has been determined by 454 pyrosequencing with the exception of the thirty-one 5'-terminal nucleotides. this region was amplified using 5'race kit and sequenced by the sanger method. genomic rna released from immunocaptured ppv particles was employed for generation of cdna library using transplex whole transcriptome amplification kit (wta2, sigma-aldrich). the entire ... | 2013 | 23813250 |
| population dynamics and in vitro antibody pressure of porcine parvovirus indicate a decrease in variability. | to estimate the impact of porcine parvovirus (ppv) vaccines on the emergence of new phenotypes, the population dynamic history of the virus was calculated using the bayesian markov chain monte carlo method with a bayesian skyline coalescent model. additionally, an in vitro model was performed with consecutive passages of the 'challenge' strain (a virulent field strain) and nadl2 strain (a vaccine strain) in a pk-15 cell line supplemented with polyclonal antibodies raised against the vaccine stra ... | 2013 | 23804570 |
| diverse amino acid changes at specific positions in the n-terminal region of the coat protein allow plum pox virus to adapt to new hosts. | plum pox virus (ppv)-d and ppv-r are two isolates from strain d of ppv that differ in host specificity. previous analyses of chimeras originating from ppv-r and ppv-d suggested that the n terminus of the coat protein (cp) includes host-specific pathogenicity determinants. here, these determinants were mapped precisely by analyzing the infectivity in herbaceous and woody species of chimeras containing a fragment of the 3' region of ppv-d (including the region coding for the cp) in a ppv-r backbon ... | 2013 | 23745677 |
| genomic analysis reveals math gene(s) as candidate(s) for plum pox virus (ppv) resistance in apricot (prunus armeniaca l.). | sharka disease, caused by plum pox virus (ppv), is the most important viral disease affecting prunus species. a major ppv resistance locus (ppvres) has been mapped to the upper part of apricot (prunus armeniaca) linkage group 1. in this study, a physical map of the ppvres locus in the ppv-resistant cultivar 'goldrich' was constructed. bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones belonging to the resistant haplotype contig were sequenced using 454/gs-flx titanium technology. concurrently, the who ... | 2013 | 23672686 |
| reduction of porcine parvovirus infectivity in the presence of protecting osmolytes. | osmolytes are natural compounds found in the cells of many organisms that stabilize intracellular proteins against environmental stresses. protecting osmolytes can promote protein folding, whereas denaturing osmolytes have the opposite effect. a variety of osmolytes were tested for their antiviral activity against porcine parvovirus (ppv). ppv is a non-enveloped, icosahedral, single-strand dna virus. we have discovered two protecting osmolytes, trimethylamine n-oxide (tmao) and glycine that redu ... | 2013 | 23648707 |
| o-glcnac modification of the coat protein of the potyvirus plum pox virus enhances viral infection. | o-glcnacylation is a dynamic protein modification which has been studied mainly in metazoans. we reported previously that an arabidopsis thaliana o-glcnac transferase modifies at least two threonine residues of the plum pox virus (ppv) capsid protein (cp). now, six additional residues were shown to be involved in o-glcnac modification of ppv cp. cp o-glcnacylation was abolished in the ppv cp7-t/a mutant, in which seven threonines were mutated. ppv cp7-t/a infected nicotiana clevelandii, nicotian ... | 2013 | 23639873 |
| unfolding the secrets of plum pox virus: from epidemiology to genomics. | over an approximately 80-year period since the description of the sharka disease, the plum pox virus (ppv) has been thoroughly studied on various levels of the infection cycle. world-wide distribution of the virus, severity of the disease for the fruit industry with a potential to be further increased and discovery/emergence of new strains make ppv the most epidemiologically important viral pathogen of stone fruit trees. the history of ppv research reflects the development of analytical methods ... | 2013 | 23600878 |
| characterization of sour cherry isolates of plum pox virus from the volga basin in russia reveals a new cherry strain of the virus. | plum pox virus (ppv) is the causal agent of sharka, the most detrimental virus disease of stone fruit trees worldwide. ppv isolates have been assigned into seven distinct strains, of which ppv-c regroups the genetically distinct isolates detected in several european countries on cherry hosts. here, three complete and several partial genomic sequences of ppv isolates from sour cherry trees in the volga river basin of russia have been determined. the comparison of complete genome sequences has sho ... | 2013 | 23581702 |
| influence of minor displacements in loops of the porcine parvovirus vp2 capsid on virus-like particles assembly and the induction of antibody responses. | an antigen-delivery system based on hybrid virus-like particles (vlps) formed by the self-assembly of the capsid vp2 protein of porcine parvovirus (ppv) and expressing foreign peptides offers an alternative method for vaccination. in this study, the three-dimensional structure of the ppv capsid protein and surface loops deletion mutants were analyzed to define essential domains in ppv vp2 for the assembly of vlps. electron microscopic analysis and sds-page analysis confirmed the presence of abun ... | 2013 | 23430711 |
| complete genome sequence of a novel porcine parvovirus (ppv) provisionally designated ppv5. | a new porcine parvovirus (ppv) was identified from pig lung tissues in the united states. it is most closely related to the recently identified ppv4 with overall genomic identities of 64.1 to 67.3%. unlike ppv4, this virus lacks the additional open reading frame 3 (orf3) and has a much longer orf2. the name ppv5 is provisionally proposed. | 2013 | 23405295 |
| detection and partial molecular characterization of atypical plum pox virus isolates from naturally infected sour cherry. | atypical isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) were discovered in naturally infected sour cherry in urban ornamental plantings in moscow, russia. the isolates were detected by polyclonal double antibody sandwich elisa and rt-pcr using universal primers specific for the 3'-non-coding and coat protein (cp) regions of the genome but failed to be recognized by triple antibody sandwich elisa with the universal monoclonal antibody 5b and by rt-pcr using primers specific to for ppv strains d, m, c and w. se ... | 2013 | 23404462 |
| silencing of the host factor eif(iso)4e gene confers plum pox virus resistance in plum. | plum pox virus (ppv) causes the most economically-devastating viral disease in prunus species. unfortunately, few natural resistance genes are available for the control of ppv. recessive resistance to some potyviruses is associated with mutations of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4e (eif4e) or its isoform eif(iso)4e. in this study, we used an rna silencing approach to manipulate the expression of eif4e and eif(iso)4e towards the development of ppv resistance in prunus species. the eif4 ... | 2013 | 23382802 |
| analysis of porcine parvoviruses in tonsils and hearts from healthy pigs reveals high prevalence and genetic diversity in germany. | in the present study, tonsils and hearts from 100 pigs were collected in a german slaughterhouse in 2010 and tested for porcine parvoviruses (ppv, ppv2, ppv3 and ppv4). ppv was observed in 60 of 100 hearts and 61 of 100 tonsils, and ppv2 was observed in 55 of 100 hearts and 78 of 100 tonsils. ppv3 and ppv4 were found in 20 and 7, respectively, of the 100 tonsils tested, but not in the heart samples. positive samples of ppv, ppv2 and ppv3 were analyzed by nucleotide sequencing, and phylogenetic a ... | 2013 | 23338705 |
| results of the rubella elimination program in catalonia (spain), 2002-2011. | rubella is usually a mild disease with nonspecific symptoms, but can cause congenital rubella syndrome (crs) when infection occurs during pregnancy. the objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and positive predictive value of different data sources used for surveillance purposes in the rubella elimination program of catalonia between 2002 and 2011. the urgent notification to the statutory disease reporting system, the individualized disease reporting system, screening for other v ... | 2013 | 23299566 |
| sharka: the past, the present and the future. | members the potyviridae family belong to a group of plant viruses that are causing devastating plant diseases with a significant impact on agronomy and economics. plum pox virus (ppv), as a causative agent of sharka disease, is widely discussed. the understanding of the molecular biology of potyviruses including ppv and the function of individual proteins as products of genome expression are quite necessary for the proposal the new antiviral strategies. this review brings to view the members of ... | 2012 | 23202508 |