| [review of 105 cases of isolation of rhodococcus equi in humans]. | rhodococcus equi (formerly corynebacterium) has been long considered an exclusively zoopathogenic microbe causing mainly granulomatous pneumonias and lung abscesses in young foals. the aim of this paper was to analyse substantial features of r, equi infections hitherto reported in man. | 1997 | 9147854 |
| a stereoselective cobalt-containing nitrile hydratase. | nitrile hydratase from pseudomonas putida nrrl-18668 has been purified and characterized. the purified enzyme catalyzes the hydration of 2(s)-(4'-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyronitrile at least fifty times faster than that of 2(r)-(4'-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyronitrile. this enzyme is a member of the class of nitrile hydratase that contains cobalt. visible absorption and cd spectra suggest the cobalt exists as a non-corrin low-spin co3+ ion in a tetragonally-distorted octahedral ligand field. chem ... | 1997 | 9154927 |
| rapid identification of clinically significant species and taxa of aerobic actinomycetes, including actinomadura, gordona, nocardia, rhodococcus, streptomyces, and tsukamurella isolates, by dna amplification and restriction endonuclease analysis. | a previously described pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) identification schema for nocardia that used an amplified 439-bp segment (amplicon) of the 65-kda heat shock protein gene was evaluated for potential use with isolates of all clinically significant aerobic actinomycetes. the study included 28 reference (american type culture collection) strains and 198 clinical isolates belonging to 20 taxonomic groups. of these 198 isolates, 188 could be differentiated by this pcr-rflp m ... | 1997 | 9157134 |
| prevalence of the virulence-associated gene of rhodococcus equi in isolates from infected foals. | the prevalence of the plasmid-encoded virulence-associated gene (vapa) of rhodococcus equi, as determined by pcr, was found to be 98% in isolates from 154 foals with pneumonia, confirming the strong association of vapa with virulence. the vapa genes from 60 representative isolates were compared by digestion with the restriction endonuclease hinfi, and no evidence of sequence variation was detected. | 1997 | 9163507 |
| optimal treatment regimen for capd peritonitis caused by rhodococcus species. | | 1997 | 9175079 |
| rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with occult hiv infection: successful therapy. | we report a case of rhodococcus equi cavitary pneumonia in a 37-year-old patient with occult hiv infection. because of his good immune status, the patient was given oral erythromycin and rifampin which rapidly resolved the infection. this modality of treatment may be sufficient in hiv-positive selected patients fur the resolution of rhodococcus equi pneumonia. | 1997 | 9175424 |
| preparation of 3-ketodesogestrel metabolites by microbial transformation and chemical synthesis. | specific microbial reactions were used for the preparation of metabolites of 3-ketodesogestrel (13-ethyl-17 beta-hydroxy-11-methylene-18,19-dinor-17 alpha-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one, the active from of the progestagen desogestrel. clostridium paraputrificum transformed 3-ketodesogestrel (kdg) to the 5 beta-dihydro and tetrahydro metabolites 13-ethyl-17 beta-hydroxy-11-methylene-18,19-dinor-5 beta, 17 alpha-pregnan-20-yn-3-one and 13-ethyl-11-methylene-18,19-dinor-5 beta, 17 alpha-pregnan-20-yne-3 al ... | 1997 | 9178431 |
| crystal structure of nitrile hydratase reveals a novel iron centre in a novel fold. | nitrile hydratases are unusual metalloenzymes that catalyze the hydration of nitriles to their corresponding amides. they are used as biocatalysts in acrylamide production, one of the few commercial scale bioprocesses, as well as in environmental remediation for the removal of nitriles from waste streams. nitrile hydratases are composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, and they contain one iron atom per alphabeta unit. we have determined the crystal structure of photoactivated iron-containing ni ... | 1997 | 9195885 |
| emergence of rifampin-resistant rhodococcus equi in an infected foal. | to investigate the emergence of rifampin resistance in rhodococcus equi strains isolated from foals and their environment in japan, we compared the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities to rifampin of 640 isolates from 64 infected foals and 98 soil isolates from their horse-breeding farms. as a control, 39 human isolates from patients with and without aids were also tested for susceptibility to rifampin. all of the isolates showed rifampin sensitivity, except isolates from one infected foal an ... | 1997 | 9196223 |
| highly efficient control of iron-containing nitrile hydratases by stoichiometric amounts of nitric oxide and light. | the reaction of two iron-containing nitrile hydratases (nhase) with no has been studied: nhase from rhodococcus sp. r312, which is probably similar to the photosensitive n771 nhase, and the new nhase from comamonas testosteroni ni1 whose aminoacid sequence is quite different from those of br312 and n771 nhases. both enzymes are equally inactivated after addition of stoichiometric amounts of no added as an anaerobic solution or produced in situ under physiological conditions by a rat brain no-syn ... | 1997 | 9202148 |
| rhodococcus equi and arcanobacterium haemolyticum: two "coryneform" bacteria increasingly recognized as agents of human infection. | rhodococcus equi and arcanobacterium haemolyticum, formerly classified in the genus corynebacterium, are members of the loosely defined taxon "coryneform" bacteria. although they are the etiologic agents of distinct human infections, both organisms are frequently overlooked, which results in missed or delayed diagnoses. r. equi, long known as an important pathogen of immature horses, has become in the past three decades an opportunistic pathogen of severely immunosuppressed humans. most cases ar ... | 1997 | 9204295 |
| cell-linked and extracellular cholesterol oxidase activities from rhodococcus erythropolis. isolation and physiological characterization. | rhodococcus erythropolis cells growing in a cholesterol-free glycerol-containing mineral medium displayed very low levels of a cell-wall-bound cholesterol oxidase activity. addition of cholesterol induced a marked increase in the synthesis of this enzyme, which reached a maximum within 6 days and was subsequently followed by the appearance of extracellular cholesterol oxidase in the culture broth. significant levels of induction were only achieved when cholesterol emulsified with tween 80. the p ... | 1997 | 9210347 |
| conservation of plasmid-encoded dibenzothiophene desulfurization genes in several rhodococci. | the cloned sulfur oxidation (desulfurization) genes (sox) for dibenzothiophene (dbt) from the prototype rhodococcus sp. strain igts8 were used in southern hybridization and pcr experiments to establish the dna relatedness in six new rhodococcal isolates which are capable of utilizing dbt as a sole sulfur source for growth. the ability of these strains to desulfurize appears to be an exclusive property of a 4-kb gene locus on a large plasmid of ca. 150 kb in igts8 and ca. 100 kb in the other stra ... | 1997 | 9212438 |
| transposition of the is21-related element is1415 in rhodococcus erythropolis. | three copies of the is21-related transposable element is1415 were identified in rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21. adjacent to one of the is1415 copies, a 47-bp sequence nearly identical to the conserved 5' end of integrons was found. accurate transposition of is1415 carrying a chloramphenicol resistance gene (tn5561) was demonstrated following delivery from a suicide vector to r. erythropolis sq1. | 1997 | 9226278 |
| epidemiology of rhodococcus equi infections: a review. | an overview of epidemiology of r. equi infection in foals is presented, emphasizing the importance of the virulence-associated antigens and plasmids as epidemiological markers. the monoclonal antibody-based colony blot test has been developed to identify rapidly and accurately virulent r. equi. epidemiological studies conducted during the recent 5 years have revealed that: (1) avirulent r. equi are widespread in the feces of horses and their environment on every farm; (2) the feces of horses and ... | 1997 | 9226831 |
| immunity to rhodococcus equi. | rhodococcal pneumonia is an important, life threatening disease of foals and immunosuppressed humans. increased knowledge of the mechanisms of protective immunity are required in order to develop an effective immunoprophylaxis strategy for horses and immunotherapeutic regiments for people. both humoral and cellular components of the immune system may be involved in immune clearance of r. equi. the susceptibility of foals less than 4-6 months of age is postulated to reflect waning maternal antibo ... | 1997 | 9226832 |
| protective effect against rhodococcus equi infection in mice of igg purified from horses vaccinated with virulence associated protein (vapa)-enriched antigens. | igg was purified from horses immunized with repeated doses of virulence associated (vapa) enriched antigens extracted with triton x-114 from the surface of a virulent strain of r. equi. this igg were administered to mice immunosuppressed by prior treatment with indomethacin. mice administered the higher dose were completely protected against intraperitoneal infection with r. equi; mice given the lower dose were partially protected. by contrast, mice administered concentrated nonimmune equine igg ... | 1997 | 9226833 |
| immunoprophylaxis of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. | an immunoprophylaxis program for r. equi infection of foals has been established on a number of thoroughbred breeding farms in argentina over the past 4 years. nearly 800 mares annually were immunized subcutaneously during the last 2 months of pregnancy with 2-3 doses of a vaccine containing soluble antigens of r. equi, including the virulence associated protein (vapa) and 'equi factors' exoenzymes. the mortality from r. equi pneumonia in the foals from vaccinated dams dropped from an average of ... | 1997 | 9226834 |
| prevention of rhodococcus equi pneumonia of foals using two different inactivated vaccines. | two different, inactivated, aluminium salt adsorbed vaccines, one containing a r. equi strain (serotype 1, 10(9) cfu/ml and equine herpesvirus 2 (ehv-2) (1.5 x 10(7) pfu/ml) and another containing r. equi only were used on three studfarms to determine whether the disease can be prevented by vaccination of both pregnant mares and their foals. pregnant mares received two 3 ml doses of vaccine intramuscularly 6 and 2 weeks before parturition and their foals were vaccinated on two or three occasions ... | 1997 | 9226835 |
| assessment of the immunogenic potential of rhodococcus equi virulence associated protein (vapa) in mice. | the development of immunity to rhodococcus equi, particularly to a virulence-associated protein (vapa) based antigen preparation, was examined in cd1 and balb/c mice after intraperitoneal vaccination. immunization with vapa based antigen without adjuvant markedly enhanced organ clearance in cd1 mice but not in balb/c mice. delayed type hypersensitivity response and antibody titres in vapa based antigen immunized balb/c mice were less than in cd1 mice. by contrast also to cd1 mice, sera from immu ... | 1997 | 9226836 |
| antigenic analysis of rhodococcus equi preparations using different horse sera. | an r. equi vaccine, prepared under conditions which induce the expression of many antigens, and which has given encouraging results in field trials, was analyzed by sds-page and immunoblots and compared with other r. equi preparations: a preparation made in with the same technique from a nonvirulent isolate (virulence associated protein negative, vapa-negative); a whole cell preparation of a vapa-positive r. equi, prepared as a standard bacterin; and a semipurified vapa preparation (aptx). the a ... | 1997 | 9226839 |
| pathogenesis and virulence of rhodococcus equi. | inhalation of the soil-borne organism, rhodococcus equi, can lead to a chronic and severe pyogranulomatous pneumonia in young horses and immunocompromised people. in addition, ulcerative colitis is a common sequela to infection in foals, and dissemination from the lung to other body sites is not uncommon in either the horse or man. although the facultative intracellular bacterium is susceptible to neutrophil-mediated killing, it is able to resist innate macrophage defenses and establish residenc ... | 1997 | 9226840 |
| oxidation of macrophage membrane cholesterol by intracellular rhodococcus equi. | phagocytic uptake by cultured mouse macrophages (pd388d1) of a virulent strain (atcc 33701) of rhodococcus equi producing substantial cholesterol oxidase was accompanied by intracellular survival of the bacteria, and enzymatic oxidation of macrophage membrane cholesterol. a non-virulent strain (4219) lacking cholesterol oxidase was largely eliminated from the macrophages and did not bring about oxidation of membrane cholesterol. when r. equi 33701 was co-phagocytosed with corynebacterium pseudot ... | 1997 | 9226841 |
| in vitro production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 from normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by rhodococcus equi. | the capability of heat-killed rhodococcus equi organisms to induce in vitro release of tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha, interleukin (il)-6 and il-8 from normal human mononuclear cells as well as the secretion kinetics of these inflammatory cytokines over a 48 h period were evaluated. results show that normal human mononuclear cells are efficiently triggered to secrete tnf-alpha, il-6 and il-8 following r. equi stimulation according to a different kinetics. in particular, release of il-b was al ... | 1997 | 9226842 |
| macroamphiphilic cell envelope components of rhodococcus equi and closely related bacteria. | recent progress towards an understanding of the architecture of the mycobacterial cell envelope (p.j. brennan and h. nikaido, annual review of biochemistry 64 (1995) 29-63) provides a model with features more generally applicable to cell envelope organisation in other mycolic acid-containing bacteria. using this archetype, a model for the organisation of the rhodococcal cell envelope is presented here, with particular reference to cell envelope composition in rhodococcus equi. the likelihood tha ... | 1997 | 9226843 |
| pathogenicity and virulence of rhodococcus equi in foals following intratracheal challenge. | twelve foals, between 27 and 83 days old, were infected with 2 strains of rhodococcus equi by intratracheal administration. ten of the 12 foals were inoculated with 10(4)-10(10) colony forming units (cfu) of atcc 33701 strain. the other 2 foals were inoculated with 10(9) cfu of a plasmid-cured derivative of the atcc 33701 strain (atcc 33701p-). all of the 10 foals challenged with the atcc 33701 strain showed clinical signs of pulmonary disease within 5-13 days, such as gross lesions associated w ... | 1997 | 9226844 |
| clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of rhodococcus equi infections in foals. | since the 1986 rhodococcus equi workshop, there have been major breakthroughs in understanding the epidemiology of, the virulence of, and the immune response to, this intriguing pathogen. however, with the exception of the use of hyperimmune plasma for the prevention of the disease (martens et al., 1989; madigan et al., 1991) the clinical aspects of r. equi infections have essentially remained unchanged. this article reviews the various clinical manifestations and summarizes recent advances in d ... | 1997 | 9226845 |
| comparison of tracheal aspiration with other tests for diagnosis of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. | the diagnostic value of tracheal aspiration was evaluated through comparison with other diagnostic methods using an experimental model of rhodococcus equi (r. equi) pneumonia in foals. pneumonia was induced by spraying of the virulent r. equi strain atcc 33701 into the trachea of foals. all foals developed fever from 11 to 16 days after bacterial inoculation. one foal was euthanized on day 26 due to its poor prognosis, and other foals euthanized on day 43. during the experiment, some tests for d ... | 1997 | 9226846 |
| reclassification of nocardioides simplex atcc 13260, atcc 19565, and atcc 19566 as rhodococcus erythropolis. | our phylogenetic analysis based on 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) sequences and chemotaxonomic analyses showed that nocardioides simplex atcc 13260, atcc 19565, and atcc 19566 are more closely related to the genus rhodococcus, especially rhodococcus erythropolis, than to the genus nocardioides. n. simplex atcc 13260 and n. simplex atcc 19565 and atcc 19566 exhibited levels of 16s rdna similarity of 99.4 and 100%, respectively, to r. erythropolis dsm 43066t. strains atcc 13260, atcc 19565, and atcc 195 ... | 1997 | 9226927 |
| molecular cloning, expression, and sequence analysis of the endoglycoceramidase ii gene from rhodococcus species strain m-777. | endoglycoceramidase (egcase (ec 3.2.1.123)) is a hydrolase that hydrolyzes the linkage between the oligosaccharide and ceramide of various glycosphingolipids. this paper describes the molecular cloning and expression of egcase ii, one of the isoforms of egcases. the gene encoding egcase ii was obtained by screening of a genomic dna library from rhodococcus sp. strain m-777 constructed in puc19 with oligonucleotide probes deduced from a partial amino acid sequence of the enzyme protein. recombina ... | 1997 | 9242646 |
| new method for rna isolation from actinomycetes: application to the transcriptional analysis of the alcohol oxidoreductase gene thce in rhodococcus and mycobacterium. | a new protocol for the isolation of rna from rhodococcus and other actinomycetes such as mycobacterium and amycolatopsis was developed. the method is based on rapid lysis of cells in a high-speed reciprocal shaker using small abrasive particles followed by spin column purification of the lysate. this quick procedure yields rna preparations suitable for functional studies. this was shown for the thce gene of r. erythropolis ni86/21, which encodes a n,n'-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline-dependent alcohol ... | 1997 | 9248086 |
| genetic identification of members of the genus corynebacterium at genus and species levels with 16s rdna-targeted probes. | 16s rrna gene-targeted probes were designed for the identification of corynebacteria at the genus and species levels. the genus-specific probe hybridized all clinically important members of the genus corynebacterium and could distinguish them from other coryneform bacteria and phylogenetically related high g+c% gram-positive bacteria, including actinomyces, rhodococcus, gordona, nocardia, streptomyces, brevibacterium and mycobacterium. the species-specific probes for c. jeikeium and c. diphtheri ... | 1997 | 9251056 |
| three of the seven bphc genes of rhodococcus erythropolis ta421, isolated from a termite ecosystem, are located on an indigenous plasmid associated with biphenyl degradation. | rhodococcus erythropolis ta421, a polychlorinated biphenyl and biphenyl degrader isolated from a termite ecosystem, has seven bphc genes expressing 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase activity. r. erythropolis ta421 harbored a large and probably linear plasmid on which three (bphc2, bphc3, and bphc4) of the seven bphc genes were located. a non-biphenyl-degrading mutant, designated strain ta422, was obtained spontaneously from r. erythropolis ta421. ta422 lacked the plasmid, suggesting that the thr ... | 1997 | 9251216 |
| further sequence analysis of the dna regions with the rhodococcus 20s proteasome structural genes reveals extensive homology with mycobacterium leprae. | the sequence of the respective dna regions downstream of the 20s proteasome structural genes prcb1a1 (6 kb) and prcb2a2 (3.3 kb) of rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21 were determined. a highly conserved gene organization was observed between the two clusters which differed significantly in g + c content (68.8% versus 62.6%). several orfs were homologues of putative genes previously identified by genomic sequencing of the equivalent dna in the related nocardioform actinomycete, mycobacterium leprae ... | 1997 | 9254018 |
| spontaneous resolution of rhodococcal pulmonary infection in a liver transplant recipient. | pulmonary infection by rhodococcus equi is characterized by indolent infection in an immunocompromised host with a propensity to form cavitary lesions. mortality can be greater than 50%; treatment involves prolonged therapy with multiple antibiotics and, occasionally, surgical resection. recurrence is common. we report a case of a liver transplant patient with a pulmonary nodule caused by r equi; the nodule followed a benign clinical course and resolved spontaneously. this case illustrates that ... | 1997 | 9258318 |
| some biochemical properties and the classification of a range of bacterial haloalkane dehalogenases. | multivariate analyses and experimental data have been used to evaluate the relationships between eight bacterial hydrolytic haloalkane dehalogenases. the results indicate that seven of the dehalogenases investigated can confidently be placed into two classes [sensu slater, bull and hardman (1995) biodegradation 6, 181-189] according to their substrate profiles. the remaining enzyme, isolated from rhodococcus erythropolis cp9, appears to represent a third class of haloalkane dehalogenases. | 1997 | 9261999 |
| [rhodococcus equi--a newly recognized opportunistic pathogen in man]. | the review informs about substantial features of rhodococcus equi with emphasis on the analysis of 115 as yet published and still expanding reports on the isolation of this zoopathogenic nocardioform actinomycete from man. microbiological laboratories of human medicine have to learn not only how to identify r. equi but also recognize it as an opportunistic pathogen in particular in persons with the deficient immunity. r. equi is a gram-positive, encapsulated diphtheroid coccobacillus, partially ... | 1997 | 9264795 |
| studies on the rod-coccus life cycle of rhodococcus equi. | in the present study all 19 rhodococcus equi cultures isolated from horses and 19 of 22 r. equi cultures isolated from human patients displayed a rod-coccus life cycle after cultivation under defined growth conditions. a bacillary growth could be observed after cultivation of the bacteria in fluid media for 4 h at 37 degrees c, a coccoid morphology after cultivation of the bacteria for 24 h either on sheep blood agar plates or in fluid media. the different morphological features did not signific ... | 1997 | 9270351 |
| dense rhodococcus cerebral abscesses in an hiv-positive patient. | rhodococcus equi, formerly known as corynebacterium equi, an aerobic, gram-positive, pleomorphic coccobacillus, is a well-known pathogen for domestic livestock. we present a biopsy- and culture-proven case of rhodococcus equi brain abscesses in a patient seropositive for hiv, having an appearance not described previously. | 1997 | 9272496 |
| improvement of lysine production by analog-sensitive and auxotroph mutants of the acetylene-utilizing bacterium gordona bronchialis (rhodococcus bronchialis). | an acetylene utilizing gordona (rhodococcus) bronchialis strain, screened for the production of fine chemicals, was found to be capable of producing small amounts of lysine. attempts to produce amino-acid analog-resistant and/or sensitive mutants and auxotrophs of this strain with increased lysine production were made following uv-irradiation or n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng) treatment. the bacterium exhibited surprisingly high resistance levels to the aforementioned mutagens which ... | 1997 | 9276926 |
| cryptic plasmid pka22 isolated from the naphthalene degrading derivative of rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb13064. | cryptic plasmids were found in rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb13064 derivatives which had lost the ability to utilize short-chain 1-chloroalkanes (chain length c3-c10) and had acquired the ability to degrade naphthalene. the reversions of these derivatives to the original phenotype were accompanied by the loss of the cryptic plasmids. the 4969-bp pka22 plasmid was cloned in escherichia coli and sequenced. this plasmid encodes a putative 33,200-da protein which contains motifs typical of theta repl ... | 1997 | 9281496 |
| a novel approach to preventing insect-borne diseases. | | 1997 | 9287238 |
| purification and characterization of limonoate dehydrogenase from rhodococcus fascians. | limonoate dehydrogenase from rhodococcus fascians has been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by a procedure that consists of ion-exchange, hydrophobic, and affinity chromatography. the native enzyme has a molecular mass of around 128,000 da and appears to be composed of four similar subunits (30,000 da each). the isoelectric point is 4.9 as determined by isoelectric focusing. the homogeneous enzyme was used to determine the nh2-terminal amino acid sequence. the enzyme was purified from cel ... | 1997 | 9292989 |
| recalcitrance of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (dde) to cometabolic degradation by pure cultures of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | pure cultures of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria capable of oxidation and reductive dehalogenation of chloroethylenes, and aerobic bacteria involved in biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) were screened for their ability to cometabolize the persistent pollutant 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (dde). bacterial cultures expressing methane monooxygenase (methylosinus trichosporium), propane monooxygenase (mycobacterium vaccae) and biphenyl 2,3-dioxygenase enzymes (pseudomo ... | 1997 | 9294241 |
| identification and characterization of is-like elements in mycobacterium gordonae. | a new insertion sequence, is1512, from mycobacterium gordonae was cloned and sequenced. this element is present in up to 10 copies which provides a high diversity for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. we have also identified truncated is1512-like elements, including a truncated is1512 and another truncated insertion sequence which displays homology with is1512 and was designated is1511. sequences homologous to the previously described transposon tn554 are inserted into these tru ... | 1997 | 9297826 |
| biosynthesis of a cyclic tautomer of (3-methylmaleyl)acetone from 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzoate by pseudomonas sp. hh35 but not by rhodococcus rhodochrous n75. | here we report that the bacterial catabolism of 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid 1 takes a different course in rhodococcus rhodochrous n75 and pseudomonas sp. strain hh35. the former organism accumulates a degradation metabolite of the acid which we isolated and identified as 2,6-dimethylhydroquinone 2. the latter bacterial strain converts the acid and the hydroquinone into a dead-end metabolite. this novel compound was characterised unequivocally by mass spectrometry and 1h and 18c nmr and uv ... | 1997 | 9299478 |
| sepsis from rhodococcus equi successfully treated in a kidney transplant recipient. | | 1997 | 9306362 |
| elucidation of the metabolic pathway for dibenzothiophene desulphurization by rhodococcus sp. strain igts8 (atcc 53968). | rhodococcus sp. strain igts8 (atcc 53968) is able to utilize dibenzothiophene (dbt) as a sole source of sulphur. the carbon skeleton of dbt is not metabolized and is conserved as 2-hydroxybiphenyl (hbp), which accumulates in the medium. this phenotype is due to the expression of the plasmid-encoded dbt-desulphurization (dsz) operon, which encodes three proteins, dsza, b and c. in this paper it is shown, using [35s]dbt radiolabelling studies, that sulphur is released in the form of inorganic sulp ... | 1997 | 9308179 |
| a rhodococcus species that thrives on medium saturated with liquid benzene. | a bacterium isolated from a contaminated site in sydney, australia, utilized benzene in the liquid phase as a sole carbon source at levels toxic to other micro-organisms. the organism was a short gram-positive rod which grew at 6% nacl, 0-37 degrees c and ph 2-10. biochemical tests, fatty acid analysis, and 16s rdna sequencing identified the organism as a member of the genus rhodococcus. vapour-phase addition of benzene to the medium in batch and continuous systems resulted in initial concentrat ... | 1997 | 9308180 |
| a 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid catabolic pathway in rhodococcus globerulus pwd1: cloning and characterization of the hpp operon. | rhodococcus globerulus pwd1, a soil isolate from a polluted site in the netherlands, is able to degrade a broad range of aromatic compounds. a novel gene cluster which appears to encode a pathway for the degradation of phenolic acids such as 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionate (3hpp) has been cloned from the chromosome of this organism. sequence analysis of a 7-kb region identified five open reading frames (orfs). analysis of mrna showed that the genes were expressed during growth on 3hpp and 3-hydrox ... | 1997 | 9324265 |
| active site-directed inhibitors of rhodococcus 20 s proteasome. kinetics and mechanism. | we have studied the mechanism of inhibition of the recombinant rhodococcus proteasome by four different chemical classes of active site-directed small molecule inhibitors. clasto-lactacystin beta-lactone is a time-dependent inhibitor of the rhodococcus proteasome's ability to hydrolyze suc-leu-leu-val-tyr-amc, a substrate for this proteasome's single type of active site, and proceeds with a kinact/[i] of 1,700 m-1 s-1. using peptide mapping of tryptic digests, lc/ms, and amino acid sequence anal ... | 1997 | 9334174 |
| biodegradation of groundwater pollutants by a combined culture of mycobacterium vaccae and a rhodococcus sp. | the catabolism of selected groundwater pollutants by a combined culture of mycobacterium vaccae and a rhodococcus sp. (strain r-22) was investigated. the m. vaccae-r-22 combined culture was five times more effective in mineralizing benzene than either organism alone. mycobacterium vaccae oxidized benzene to phenol, and r-22 catabolized the phenol to cellular components and co2. benzene did not support growth of m. vaccae, r-22, or the combined culture. optimization of ratios of the two species i ... | 1997 | 9336947 |
| identification of active sites in amidase: evolutionary relationship between amide bond- and peptide bond-cleaving enzymes. | mainly based on various inhibitor studies previously performed, amidases came to be regarded as sulfhydryl enzymes. not completely satisfied with this generally accepted interpretation, we performed a series of site-directed mutagenesis studies on one particular amidase of rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 that was involved in its nitrile metabolism. for these experiments, the recombinant amidase was produced as the inclusion body in escherichia coli to greatly facilitate its recovery and subsequent pu ... | 1997 | 9342349 |
| purulent meningitis due to rhodococcus equi. a case of posttraumatic infection. | opportunistic infections due to rhodococcus equi have been increasingly reported in the immunocompromised population, especially in patients with aids. in this report, we present an unusual case of purulent meningitis that developed in an immunocompetent six-year-old child through direct inoculation of r. equi. | 1997 | 9350214 |
| rapid physiological characterization of microorganisms by biosensor technique. | eleven microorganisms, arxula adeninivorans ls3, candida boidinii dsm 70034, candida lactis-condensi dsm 70635, pichia jadinii dsm 2361, pichia minuta dsm 7018, kluyveromyces lactis dsm 4394, pseudomonas putida dsm 50026, alcaligenes sp. dsm 30002, arthrobacter nicotianae dsm 20123 as well as issatchenkia orientalis dsm 70077 and rhodococcus erythropolis dsm 311 were characterized by the sensor technique by injection of 30 different substrates and substrate mixtures. the obtained data which are ... | 1997 | 9352658 |
| structural analysis of the 6 kb cryptic plasmid pfaj2600 from rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21 and construction of escherichia coli-rhodococcus shuttle vectors. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the 5936 bp cryptic plasmid pfaj2600 from rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21 was determined. based on the characteristics of its putative replication genes, repa and repb, pfaj2600 was assigned to the family of pal5000-related small replicons identified in mycobacterium (pal5000), corynebacterium (pxz10142), brevibacterium (prbl1), bifidobacterium (pmb1) and neisseria (pjd1). the replication systems of these plasmids show striking similarities to the ones used b ... | 1997 | 9353918 |
| microsporidium species in pulmonary cavitary lesions of aids patients infected with rhodococcus equi. | | 1997 | 9356815 |
| site-specific endonucleases rsplki and rsplkii from rhodococcus species lk2 are isoschizomers of sphi and bamhi. | two site-specific endonucleases, rsplki and rsplkii, have been isolated and purified to functional homogeneity from the soil bacterium rhodococcus species lk2. rsplki recognizes the 5'-gcatg decreases c-3' dna sequence and rsplkii recognizes the 5'-g decreases gatcc-3' sequence (arrows indicate dna cleavage sites). the isolated enzymes are class ii site specific endonucleases and are isoschizomers of endonucleases sphi and bamhi, respectively. | 1997 | 9360299 |
| biodegradation of the gasoline oxygenates methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether, and tert-amyl methyl ether by propane-oxidizing bacteria. | several propane-oxidizing bacteria were tested for their ability to degrade gasoline oxygenates, including methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe), ethyl tert-butyl ether (etbe), and tert-amyl methyl ether (tame). both a laboratory strain and natural isolates were able to degrade each compound after growth on propane. when propane-grown strain env425 was incubated with 20 mg of uniformly labeled [14c]mtbe per liter, the strain converted > 60% of the added mtbe to 14co2 in < 30 h. the initial oxidation of ... | 1997 | 9361407 |
| nucleic acid amplification for rapid detection of rhodococcus equi in equine blood and tracheal wash fluids. | to evaluate the ability of nucleic acid amplification techniques to detect rhodococcus equi in equine buffy coat, blood, and tracheal wash fluid and to differentiate between virulent and avirulent strains of the bacteria. | 1997 | 9361884 |
| identification and characterization of an aliphatic amidase in helicobacter pylori. | we report, for the first time, the presence in helicobacter pylori of an aliphatic amidase that, like urease, contributes to ammonia production. aliphatic amidases are cytoplasmic acylamide amidohydrolases (ec 3.5.1.4) hydrolysing short-chain aliphatic amides to produce ammonia and the corresponding organic acid. the finding of an aliphatic amidase in h. pylori was unexpected as this enzyme has only previously been described in bacteria of environmental (soil or water) origin. the h. pylori amid ... | 1997 | 9364923 |
| structure of the photoreactive iron center of the nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-771. evidence of a novel post-translational modification in the cysteine ligand. | nitrile hydratase (nhase) from rhodococcus sp. n-771 is a photoreactive enzyme that is inactivated by nitrosylation of the non-heme iron center and activated by photodissociation of nitric oxide (no). to obtain structural information on the iron center, we isolated peptide complexes containing the iron center by proteolysis. when the tryptic digest of the alpha subunit isolated from the inactive form was analyzed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, the absorbance characteri ... | 1997 | 9368004 |
| designing recombinant pseudomonas strains to enhance biodesulfurization. | the dsz biodesulfurization cluster from rhodococcus erythropolis igts8 has been engineered under the control of heterologous broad-host-range regulatory signals to alleviate the mechanism of sulfur repression, and it was stably inserted into the chromosomes of different pseudomonas strains. the recombinant bacteria were able to desulfurize dibenzothiophene more efficiently than the native host. furthermore, these new biocatalysts combine relevant industrial and environmental traits, such as prod ... | 1997 | 9371464 |
| [pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi in patients with aids: difficulty in defining the most appropriate initial treatment]. | | 1997 | 9376391 |
| [isolation of nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus rhodochrous m8 cells and determination of the n-terminal amino acid sequence of its subunits]. | nitrile hydratase was isolated and purified to homogeneity from cells of rhodococcus rhodochrous m8. this enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of acrylic acid nitrile to acrylamide. nitrile hydratase content in the cell was shown to be 17% of total soluble protein. the molecular weight of the native enzyme was 510 kda. the enzyme consisted of two subunits with molecular weights of 23.5 kda and 28.0 kda. the n-terminal amino acid sequences of these subunits were estimated. | 1997 | 9380650 |
| pulmonary malakoplakia diagnosed by fine needle aspiration. a case report. | pulmonary malakoplakia is an uncommon disorder, with 24 previously reported cases, only 4 of which were diagnosed by bronchial washings, bronchial brushings or aspiration cytology. we report a case that was diagnosed initially by computed tomography (ct)-guided fine needle aspiration (fna) cytology. | 1997 | 9390153 |
| two-component flavin-dependent pyrrole-2-carboxylate monooxygenase from rhodococcus sp. | pyrrole-2-carboxylate can serve as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy for a strain tentatively identified to belong to the genus rhodococcus. an nadh-dependent oxygenase activity was detected in cell extracts that initiated the degradation of the substrate. during purification of the enzyme, this activity was separated into two protein components which were both purified to apparent homogeneity. a small monomeric 18.7-kda protein designated as reductase, catalyzed in vitro the nadh ... | 1997 | 9395321 |
| cloning and expression of a gene from streptomyces scabies encoding a putative pathogenicity factor. | we cloned a 9.4-kb dna fragment from streptomyces scabies atcc 41973 that allows the nonpathogen streptomyces lividans 66 tk24 to necrotize and colonize potato tuber slices and produce scab-like symptoms on potato minitubers. deletion analysis demonstrated that activity was conferred by a 1.6-kb dna region. sequence analysis of a 2.4-kb dna fragment spanning the dna region necessary for activity revealed three open reading frames (orfs). the deduced amino acid sequence of orf1, designated orftnp ... | 1997 | 9401037 |
| [meropenem: microbiologic perspective]. | meropenem is a beta-lactamic carbapenem derived from thienamycin and is structurally characterized by the presence of a beta-methyl group in position c1 which confers stability to the molecule versus renal dehydropeptidase 1 (dhp-1), thereby making the coadministration of an enzyme inhibitor unnecessary. its esterochemical configuration of the lateral chain in c2 (dimethyl carbomoilpyrrolidenethium) increases the activity versus gram negative bacteria (enterobacteria and pseudomonas) and moreove ... | 1997 | 9410064 |
| dissecting the assembly pathway of the 20s proteasome. | proteasomes reach their mature active state via a complex cascade of folding, assembly and processing events. the rhodococcus proteasome offers a means to dissect the assembly pathway and to characterize intermediates; its four subunits (alpha1, alpha2, beta1, beta2) assemble efficiently in vitro with any combination of alpha and beta. assembly studies with wild-type and n-terminally truncated beta-subunits in conjunction with refolding studies allowed to define the role of the propeptide which ... | 1997 | 9414124 |
| nutritional factors that affect the production of cholesterol oxidase by rhodococcus equi no. 23. | some nutritional factors affecting the production of cholesterol oxidase (cox) by rhodococcus equi no. 23 were investigated. cholesterol and yeast extract respectively were the best carbon source and nitrogen source for the cox production. the optimum concentration of cholesterol and yeast extract was found to be about 0.1% and 0.4-0.5% (w/v) respectively. in addition, nh4cl, nacl and tween 80 also exhibited enhancing effects on cox production, being maximal at 0.1% (w/v), 0.2% (w/v) and 1.0% (v ... | 1997 | 9428154 |
| detection of orbital implant infection with technetium 99m-labeled leukocytes. | orbital implant infection is a rare cause of anophthalmic socket pain. because of the potential danger of infection spreading to nearby structures, it is of paramount importance to diagnose the condition as soon as possible. scintigraphy is a method for diagnosis of graft infections by radioisotopic imaging of inflammatory sites. we report on a patient with socket pain 3 months after implantation of an acrylic implant. the socket appearance was normal and there were no signs of infection other t ... | 1997 | 9430302 |
| community-acquired lobar pneumonia in an hiv-infected patient. | | 1997 | 9433956 |
| development of a rhodococcus equi-escherichia coli plasmid shuttle vector. | isolates of rhodococcus equi from pneumonic foals possess an 85- or 90-kb virulence-associated plasmid. a prominent, thermoregulated surface antigen, vapa, encoded by these plasmids is thought to be important in virulence. a 135-kb fragment containing the origin of replication of r. equi strain 103 virulence-associated plasmid (pots) was identified, sequenced, and its location identified. a simple r. equi-escherichia coli shuttle plasmid (pre-1) derived from the e. coli plasmid pacyc177 and the ... | 1997 | 9435020 |
| identification and epidemiological relationship of rhodococcus equi isolated from cases of lymphadenitis in cattle. | the present study was designed to comparatively investigate 10 rhodococcus equi isolates from cases of lymphadenitis in cattle. the isolates could be identified by cultural and biochemical properties. by serotyping the r. equi isolates 9 and 1, cultures could be classified as nakazawa's serotypes 15 and 8, respectively. the isolates did not agglutinate rabbit erythrocytes, were uniformly susceptible to most of the antibiotics tested, did not contain plasmids nor expressed virulence-associated pr ... | 1997 | 9440194 |
| [emergence of gram-positive organisms: causes, clinical significance and possibilities of control]. | | 1997 | 9441320 |
| t-cell response during rhodococcus equi infection in a murine experimental model. | rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular bacterium that can cause pneumonia in both young horses and immunocompromised humans. in this study, we have tried to determine the t-cell populations that recognize this pathogen during murine infection, as well as the bacterial antigens recognized by these cells. when balb/c mice were hyperimmunized with a virulent r. equi strain, we did not observe preferential expansion of a particular t-cell subset in their spleens. however, when the splenic t ... | 1997 | 9443578 |
| isolation of virulent rhodococcus equi from transtracheal aspirates of foals serodiagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | although isolation of rhodococcus equi from tracheobronchial aspirates is thought to be a definitive diagnosis of r. equi pneumonia in foals, virulence of isolates from the aspirates of infected foals remains obscure. in the present study, transtracheal aspirates were collected from thirty-one 1- to 6-month-old foals, which showed clinical signs of respiratory tract infection, and r. equi isolates were analyzed for the presence of virulence plasmids and virulence-associated antigens. moreover, t ... | 1997 | 9450238 |
| microbial degradation and treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and plasticizers. | rhodococcus erytropolis and pseudomonas sp. rapidly degrade many kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) compounds such as phenanthrene and phthalate esters such as di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, used as plasticizers. these compounds were efficiently removed from wastewater by inoculating viable cells of rhodococcus erythropolis and pseudomonas sp. into activated sludge as a biological treatment system. the rapid pcr method and fluorescent antibody techniques were successfully applied for tr ... | 1997 | 9472317 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in transplant recipients: case report and review of the literature. | rhodococcus equi is an opportunistic pathogen that usually causes infection in immunocompromised hosts, mainly human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients, yet solid organ transplant recipients may be affected as well. infections in this group of patients have not been sufficiently analyzed. | 1998 | 9484772 |
| bacterial degradation of homo- and heterocyclic aromatic compounds in the presence of soluble/colloidal humic acid. | aqueous association of several organic compounds to aldrich humic acid (aha) was determined by equilibrium dialysis or solubility enhancement. the effect of varying concentrations of aha on chemical degradation was also determined in batch experiments. atrazine and glucose mineralization was greater in the presence of aha and the enhancement was attributed to enhanced cellular uptake. no aha inhibition on naphthalene or quinoline biodegradation was observed. | 1998 | 9491567 |
| characterization of a protocatechuate catabolic gene cluster from rhodococcus opacus 1cp: evidence for a merged enzyme with 4-carboxymuconolactone-decarboxylating and 3-oxoadipate enol-lactone-hydrolyzing activity. | the catechol and protocatechuate branches of the 3-oxoadipate pathway, which are important for the bacterial degradation of aromatic compounds, converge at the common intermediate 3-oxoadipate enol-lactone. a 3-oxoadipate enol-lactone-hydrolyzing enzyme, purified from benzoate-grown cells of rhodococcus opacus (erythropolis) 1cp, was found to have a larger molecular mass under denaturing conditions than the corresponding enzymes previously purified from gamma-proteobacteria. sequencing of the n ... | 1998 | 9495744 |
| evolutionary relationship between chlorocatechol catabolic enzymes from rhodococcus opacus 1cp and their counterparts in proteobacteria: sequence divergence and functional convergence. | biochemical investigations of the muconate and chloromuconate cycloisomerases from the chlorophenol-utilizing strain rhodococcus opacus (erythropolis) 1cp had previously indicated that the chlorocatechol catabolic pathway of this strain may have developed independently from the corresponding pathways of proteobacteria. to test this hypothesis, we cloned the chlorocatechol catabolic gene cluster of strain 1cp by using pcr with primers derived from sequences of n termini and peptides of purified c ... | 1998 | 9495745 |
| thyroid abscess due to rhodococcus equi in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | a case of thyroid abscess due to rhodococcus equi in an hiv-positive patient with previous pulmonary abscess is reported. rhodococcus equi is a gram-positive rod that can cause infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, though it occurs more frequently in patients with dysfunctional cellular immune systems. several cases of rhodococcus equi infection in persons infected with hiv have been reported. in these patients rhodococcus equi usually invades the lungs, producing pn ... | 1998 | 9512186 |
| characterization of arc, a divergent member of the aaa atpase family from rhodococcus erythropolis. | a gene encoding a aaa atpase was discovered in the 5' region of the second operon of 20 s proteasome subunits in the nocardioform actinomycete rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21. the gene was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the protein, arc (aaa atpase forming ring-shaped complexes), is a divergent member of the aaa family. the deduced product of the arc gene is 591 residues long (66 kda). the purified protein possesses a low, n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive atpase activity and forms rings of ... | 1998 | 9514743 |
| disseminated rhodococcus equi and nocardia farcinica infection in a patient with sarcoidosis. | | 1998 | 9515692 |
| vertebral osteomyelitis due to rhodococcus equi in a liver transplant recipient. | rhodococcus equi is a rare but well-documented cause of cavitary pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. in this report the first case of r. equi infection manifesting as vertebral osteomyelitis is described. a 39-year-old liver transplant recipient presented with recurrent pneumonia and a pleura-based lung abscess and subsequently developed osteomyelitis of the lower thoracic spine. surgical debridement and prolonged treatment with rifabutin and clarithromycin resulted in clinical cure. in the ... | 1998 | 9524854 |
| improved electroporation of rhodococcus equi. | the condition of an electroporation method was re-evaluated for the introduction of foreign plasmid dna into rhodococcus equi. the method is based on an electroporation of the bacteria made competent by culturing in a broth containing glycine and by heat shock at 50 degrees c. transformation of r. equi could be achieved with a chloramphenicol-resistant shuttle vector originating from rhodococcus fascians at an efficiency of about 10(4) transformants/microgram dna. the bacteria were also shown to ... | 1998 | 9524960 |
| hydrogen evolution by direct electron transfer from photosystem i to hydrogenases. | h2 evolution by direct electron transfer from the dithionite-reduced photosystem i (psi) complex to both hydrogenase i and hydrogenase ii from clostridium pasteurianum was observed. evidence indicates that the electron carriers on psi that transfer electrons to hydrogenase in this system are the fa/fb iron-sulfur clusters on the psac polypeptide, the terminal bound electron acceptors in psi. light-dependent h2 evolution was also observed, using high potential electron donors to psi, from a combi ... | 1998 | 9538256 |
| physical and serologic examinations of foals at 30 and 45 days of age for early diagnosis of rhodococcus equi infection on endemically infected farms. | to evaluate results of physical and serologic examinations of foals at 30 and 45 days of age on 3 types of farms with various prevalences of clinical disease (endemic, sporadic, none) caused by rhodococcus equi and to determine whether evaluations were helpful in early diagnosis and control of the disease. | 1998 | 9540867 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of the genome of rhodococcus fascians: genome size and linear and circular replicon composition in virulent and avirulent strains. | total dna of virulent and avirulent strains of rhodococcus fascians was resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) into a discrete number of fragments by digestion with the endonucleases asei and drai. restriction endonucleases paci, pmei, and swai yielded no fragments upon digestion of r. fascians genome, and all the other tested endonucleases recognizing 6 bp released too many fragments. the genome size was 5.6 megabases for the type strain r. fascians dsm 20669, and 5.8 megabases for ... | 1998 | 9541568 |
| characterization of the rrnb operon of the plant pathogen rhodococcus fascians and targeted integrations of exogenous genes at rrn loci. | a 6.0-kb sali dna fragment containing an entire rrna operon (rrnb) was cloned from a cosmid gene bank of the phytopathogenic strain rhodococcus fascians d188. the nucleotide sequence of the 6-kb fragment was determined and had the organization 16s rrna-spacer-23s rrna-spacer-5s rrna without trna-encoding genes in the spacer regions. the 5' and 3' ends of the mature 16s, 23s, and 5s rrnas were determined by alignment with the rrn operons of bacillus subtilis and other gram-positive bacteria. four ... | 1998 | 9546162 |
| [a pulmonary mass with a raging fever]. | | 1998 | 9551161 |
| degradation of geosmin-like compounds by selected species of gram-positive bacteria. | biodegradation of geosmin produced by streptomyces halstedii (a-1 strain) was investigated using seven gram-positive bacteria. bacterial action on the a-1 extract was followed at 15, 45 and 120 min. bacillus cereus ssp. thuringiensis hd-1, b. cereus 3711 and b. cereus ssp. mycoides 4379 showed no effect. however, arthrobacter atrocyaneus, arth. globiformis, chlorophenolicus n-1053 and rhodococcus maris caused a colour change from blue to yellow (positive reaction). these data suggest that geosmi ... | 1998 | 9569688 |
| rhodococcus equi pneumonia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. report of 2 cases and review of the literature. | rhodococcus equi is a cause of lung infection in immunosuppressed hosts. since the start of the hiv epidemic, 76 cases of r. equi lung infection (medline 1985-96) affecting this population have been described. we report 2 additional cases and review the clinical data, radiological findings, treatment and outcome of these 78 patients. the mean age of these patients was 33 y; 69 were male. 71 met the criteria for aids (cdc 1993). fever and cough were the presenting complaints in the majority of pa ... | 1997 | 9571730 |
| cytokine induction in murine macrophages infected with virulent and avirulent rhodococcus equi. | to look for a possible correlation between the virulence of rhodococcus equi and its cytokine-inducing capacity, we evaluated intracellular survival and measured cytokine induction by mouse macrophages infected with a virulent strain containing an 85-kb plasmid and expressing vapa (103+), its avirulent plasmid-cured derivative (103-), and heat-killed 103+ (hk). after incubation with similar numbers of bacteria, macrophages infected with 103- contained significantly more organisms than those infe ... | 1998 | 9573060 |
| chemically emulsified crude oil as substrate for bacterial oxidation: differences in species response. | four bacterial species were tested for their abilities to oxidize alkanes in crude oil in water emulsions. the emulsions were prepared by nonionic sorbitan ester and polyoxyethylene ether surfactants. the oxidation rates were measured as initial attack on the emulsions by resting cells pregrown in crude oil media. the bacteria responded differently and both positive and negative effects of surfactant amendment were observed. the same surfactant affected various bacteria differently and the respo ... | 1998 | 9575027 |
| cloning of new rhodococcus extradiol dioxygenase genes and study of their distribution in different rhodococcus strains. | four extradiol dioxygenase genes which encode enzymes active against catechol and substituted catechols were cloned from two different rhodococcus strains, and their nucleotide sequences were determined. a catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene (edoc) was shown to be identical to the previously described ipbc gene from the isopropylbenzene operon of rhodococcus erythropolis. amino acid sequences deduced from the three other genes (edoa, edob and edod) were shown to have various degrees of homology to dif ... | 1998 | 9579069 |
| recalcitrance of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene to degradation by pure cultures of 1,1-diphenylethylene-degrading aerobic bacteria. | 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (dde) is the peri-chlorinated derivative of 1,1-diphenylethylene (dpe). biodegradation of dde and dpe by bacteria has so far not been shown. pure cultures of aerobic bacteria involved in biodegradation of styrene and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) were therefore screened for their ability to degrade or cometabolize dpe and dde. styrene-metabolizing bacteria (rho-dococcus strains s5 and vlb150) grew with dpe as their sole source of carbon and energy. ... | 1998 | 9581297 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of aerobic and facultative non-spore-forming gram-positive bacilli to hmr 3647 (ru 66647) and 14 other antimicrobials. | the comparative in vitro activity of the ketolide hmr 3647 (ru 66647) and those of structurally related macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin compounds (erythromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, josamycin, lincomycin, pristinamycin, and quinupristin-dalfopristin) as well as those of benzylpenicillin, doxycycline, vancomycin, teicoplanin, levofloxacin, and rifapentine against 247 aerobic and facultative non-spore-forming gram-positive bacilli were determined by an agar dilution met ... | 1998 | 9593121 |