| [evaluation of larvicidal effects of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (serotype h-14) and bacillus sphaericus preparations and the susceptibility of adult mosquitoes to malarial plasmodia]. | | 1987 | 3553885 |
| five-month oral (diet) toxicity/infectivity study of bacillus thuringiensis insecticides in sheep. | bacillus thuringiensis insecticides (bt) [dipel (test substance d or thuricide-hp (test substance t)] were administered in the diet for 5 months to castrated mixed rambouillet/merino sheep (24-34 kg at the beginning of the study) at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day (approximately 10(12) spores per day). no treatment-related effect was seen on weight gain or clinical chemistry parameters nor were significant gross clinical changes observed. several blood and tissue samples taken just prior to the time the ... | 1987 | 3556835 |
| the hypervariable region in the genes coding for entomopathogenic crystal proteins of bacillus thuringiensis: nucleotide sequence of the kurhd1 gene of subsp. kurstaki hd1. | one of the genes for the entomophatogenic crystal protein of bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. kurstaki strain hd1) has been cloned in escherichia coli, and its nucleotide sequence determined completely. the gene is contained within a 4360-bp-long hpai-psti dna restriction fragment and codes for a polypeptide of 1,155 amino acid residues. the protoxin protein has a predicted mr of 130,625. the e. coli-derived protoxin gene product is biologically active against heliothis virescens larvae in a biote ... | 1986 | 3557124 |
| [bacillus thuringiensis plasmids]. | several b. thuringiensis serotypes are used for the production of bacterial insecticides. the important ingradient of bacterial insecticide produced by b. thuringiensis is a parasporal crystal protein formed during sporulation. the bioinsecticide containing several b. thuringiensis serotypes have great potential in the control of certain insects, because of their high selectivity and the absense of any harmful effect on humans, plants, animals, polinators and predators. but the generation of cry ... | 1986 | 3561283 |
| cell membrane interaction of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis cytolytic toxins. | two toxic polypeptides of 24 and 25 kilodaltons (kda) were purified from parasporal proteinaceous crystals of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. both of these polypeptides, which are antigenically similar and have identical n terminals, lysed human erythrocytes and cultured mosquito cells. although the 24-kda peptide was more toxic than the 25-kda peptide, both were less toxic than the crude alkali-solubilized crystal toxin. however, a 1:1 mixture of these 24- and 25-kda proteins was mor ... | 1987 | 3570465 |
| presence of inducible dna repair in bacillus thuringiensis. | weigle reactivation of ultraviolet-irradiated luminal diameter 8 bacteriophage was observed after ultraviolet treatment of bacillus thuringiensis cells. a slight increased frequency of clear plaque mutants was detected among the survivors. the kinetics of induction of the phage reactivation and phage mutagenesis have been determined. the presence of chloramphenicol before and after irradiation abolished the induction of repair and mutagenesis. these experiments suggest that, in spite of the rela ... | 1987 | 3574329 |
| bacillus thuringiensis var. morrisoni strain pg14: nucleotide sequence of a gene encoding a 27kda crystal protein. | | 1987 | 3575104 |
| studies on the culicine mosquito host range of bacillus sphaericus and bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis with notes on the effects of temperature and instar on bacterial efficacy. | | 1987 | 3585050 |
| structural disulfide bonds in the bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis protein crystal. | we examined disulfide bonds in mosquito larvicidal crystals produced by bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. intact crystals contained 2.01 x 10(-8) mol of free sulfhydryls and 3.24 x 10(-8) mol of disulfides per mg of protein. reduced samples of alkali-solubilized crystals resolved into several proteins, the most prominent having apparent molecular sizes of 28, 70, 135, and 140 kilodaltons (kda). nonreduced samples contained two new proteins of 52 and 26 kda. when reduced, both the 52- an ... | 1987 | 3597322 |
| purification of the mosquitocidal and cytolytic proteins of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | two proteins from parasporal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis were purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by gel filtration and anion-exchange chromatography. the larger of the two proteins (molecular weight, 68,000) was not cytolytic, whereas the smaller protein (molecular weight, 28,000) was highly cytolytic when assayed against rat erythrocytes. when these proteins were assayed against larvae of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, the larger protein was at least 10 ... | 1987 | 3606108 |
| large scale multiplication of bacillus thuringiensis h. 14 asporogenic mutants & b. sphaericus strains for mosquito control. | | 1987 | 3610270 |
| cytolytic activity of bacillus thuringiensis proteins to insect and mammalian cell lines. | | 1987 | 3611828 |
| [comparative characteristics of extrachromosomal dna in cultures of bacillus thuringiensis serotype h-14]. | the extrachromosomal dnas from different strains of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis were comparatively analysed. within the serotype studied, two groups of strains have been revealed. these are characterised by a certain plasmid composition as well as by specific physiological, biochemical and insecticide properties. | 1987 | 3613996 |
| mesocyclops aspericornis (copepoda) and bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis for the biological control of aedes and culex vectors (diptera: culicidae) breeding in crab holes, tree holes, and artificial containers. | | 1987 | 3625718 |
| [the construction of a plasmid genomic library from bacillus thuringiensis hd-1]. | | 1987 | 3630137 |
| safety of the entomopathogen bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis for mammals. | | 1987 | 3655084 |
| lethal synergism between benzimidazoles and bacillus thuringiensis israelensis toxin for trichostrongylus colubriformis eggs. | | 1987 | 3656002 |
| preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of crystals of bacillus thuringiensis toxin, a cell membrane disrupting protein. | crystals suitable for high resolution x-ray diffraction analysis have been reproducibly grown of the 24,000 mr protein insect toxin from bacillus thuringiensis. this protein, which demonstrates substantial insecticidal activity by inserting into phospholipid membranes, crystallizes as long square needles from polyethylene glycol 4000 at neutral ph. the crystals are of space group p4(1) and have cell dimensions of a = b = 33 a and c = 235 a, which suggests to us a predominantly helical motif for ... | 1987 | 3656433 |
| nucleotide sequence of a gene encoding an insecticidal protein of bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis toxic against coleoptera. | | 1987 | 3658680 |
| the use of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis in the biological control of blackflies in czechoslovakia. | | 1986 | 3660829 |
| similarities between crystal protein subunits of bacillus thuringiensis strain 1884 serotype h14 and strain pg14 serotype h8a,8b, and their relationship with mosquitocidal activity. | bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis strain 1884 and b. thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni strain pg14 have the same toxicity toward mosquito larvae. their protein crystal contents were compared either on native electrophoretic systems or on gel filtration. analysis of electroeluted native proteins in sds-page showed that the 28-kd protein alone, without the 68- or 130-kd protein, was not larvicidal; however, toxicity was recorded as soon as 28- and 68-kd proteins were associated. after gel fil ... | 1987 | 3663389 |
| facile autoplast generation and transformation in bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. | we describe a method for maximizing the rate of conversion of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki vegetative cells to osmotically fragile forms in the absence of exogenously added enzymes. optimal generation of autoplasts occurred in 50 mm sodium acetate buffer (ph 7.0) at 37 degrees c with 10% (wt/vol) polyethylene glycol as an osmotic stabilizer. the maximum autolytic rate resulted in a conversion of greater than 90% of bacilli to spherical autoplasts in 6 min. autoplasts regained bacillary ... | 1987 | 3680166 |
| selection for resistance to bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis in field and laboratory populations of the mosquito aedes aegypti. | | 1986 | 3701104 |
| [comparative study of the physicochemical and biological properties of bacillus thuringiensis phages]. | two phages of the polylysogenic bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae 1-97 culture differ in the morphology of their particles. a comparative study of their antigenic properties has shown the possibility of cross serological reactions of neutralization with antiphagal sera. the results imply that there is an antigenic relationship between these phages. the data indicate that the nucleic acid component of the both phages is dna. the sensitivity of phage 1-97 a to some physical factors has been ... | 1986 | 3702777 |
| susceptibility of poultry biting lice (mallophaga) to dipel and bacilan (bacillus thuringiensis). | dipel (abbott laboratories, n. chicago, u.s.a.) and bacilan (ppr, wałcz, poland), commercial preparation of bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, containing 16,000 iu/mg were tested in vitro on menopon gallinae (l.) and eomenacanthus stramineus (nitzsch). the insects were placed in feathers, in petri plates, and sprayed with 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 4 and 10% solutions of insecticides. each concentration was tested on a group of 10 insects, in three replications. the viability was observed after 1 ... | 1986 | 3717688 |
| breeding water and mosquito strain as factors influencing susceptibility of culex pipiens l. to bacillus thuringiensis serotype h-14. | | 1986 | 3722891 |
| settling of larvicidal material in bacillus thuringiensis israelensis serotype h-14 formulations sprayed on water surface. | | 1986 | 3722892 |
| biochemical and immunological characterization of the cloned crystal toxin of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis. | the protein components of the cloned crystal toxin of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. using an antiserum to the solubilized b. thuringiensis var. israelensis crystal protein as a probe, immunological homology between the crystal protein components of b. thuringiensis var. israelensis and those of the recombinant b. megaterium strain vb131 was tested. the results from this study indicate that the crystal inc ... | 1986 | 3729936 |
| pilot scale production & evaluation of bacillus thuringiensis h-14. | | 1986 | 3733200 |
| bacillus thuringiensis entomocidal protoxin gene sequence and gene product analysis. | a 3778-bp dna sequence of the insecticidal protoxin gene coding sequence and flanking regions from bacillus thuringiensis subspecies berliner 1715 has been determined. the protoxin is composed of 1155 amino acids, deduced from the nucleotide sequence, and has a calculated molecular mass of 130,615 daltons. to determine the dna portion that encodes toxicity, sequential deletions were constructed from the 3' end of the coding region using nuclease bal-31. using these mutants in an insect bioassay, ... | 1986 | 3743328 |
| trichostrongylus colubriformis: isolation and characterization of ovicidal activity from bacillus thuringiensis israelensis. | bioassay of media fractions from cultivation of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis revealed that ovicidal activity for eggs of the ruminant nematode trichostrongylus colubriformis was found in microbial crystals, but was not released into culture medium. the purified delta-endotoxin of b. t. israelensis, composed of two 25 kda proteins, had no effect on nematode eggs. a fraction that had high ovicidal activity for eggs of t. colubriformis was isolated by high performance liquid chromatography fr ... | 1986 | 3743716 |
| new bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated in israel are highly toxic to mosquito larvae. | | 1986 | 3745929 |
| [effect of mineral salts on exotoxin formation and productivity of a bacillus thuringiensis culture]. | the effect of ten mineral salts on the productivity and toxin synthesis was studied in bacillus thuringiensis ipm-1140. exotoxin synthesis was stimulated by zn2+, mn2+ and nh4+ ions as well as by potassium phosphates. the direct correlation between the number of viable spores and the exotoxin accumulation was disordered at extreme salt concentrations. optimal salt concentrations in the yeast-polysaccharide medium were found using the method of a fractional factor experiment, which made it possib ... | 1986 | 3747869 |
| [levels of sensitivity of anopheles gambiae s.l. to traditional insecticides and evaluation of the efficiency of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis and bacillus sphaericus]. | | 1986 | 3752796 |
| [effectiveness of using bactoculicde for controlling mosquito larvae in the crimea]. | | 1986 | 3754303 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies to a crystal protein of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. | ten monoclonal antibodies were produced against a k-1-type crystal protein of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. eight of the antibodies belong to the immunoglobulin g1 (igg1) subclass, with pi values ranging from 5.5 to 8.6, one could be assigned to the igg2b subclass, and one could be assigned to the igm class. competitive antibody-binding assays and analysis of antibody specificity indicated that the 10 antibodies recognized at least nine distinct antigenic determinants. eight antibodies ... | 1986 | 3759236 |
| development of an improved elisa for antibody detection and use in production of a hybridoma secreting a monoclonal antibody specific for crystal protein of bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis. | | 1986 | 3771910 |
| analysis of mosquito larvicidal potential exhibited by vegetative cells of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | vegetative bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis cells (6 x 10(5)/ml) achieved 100% mortality of aedes aegypti larvae within 24 h. this larvicidal potential was localized within the cells; the cell-free supernatants did not kill mosquito larvae. however, they did contain a heat-labile hemolysin which was immunologically distinct from the general cytolytic (hemolytic) factor released during solubilization of b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis crystals. the larvicidal potential of the vegetat ... | 1986 | 3777922 |
| amino sugars in the glycoprotein toxin from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | the carbohydrate content of purified bacillus thuriniensis subsp. israelensis crystal toxin was determined by six biochemical tests, column chromatography on an amino acid analyzer, and the binding of 11 fluorescent lectins. the crystals contained approximately 1.0% neutral sugars and 1.7% amino sugars. the amino sugars consisted of 70% glucosamine and 30% galactosamine. no n-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid) was detected. the presence of amino sugars was confirmed by the strong binding of flu ... | 1987 | 3804977 |
| effect of removal of the cytolytic factor of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis on mosquito toxicity. | solubilized crystal protein of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis was fractionated by affinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody directed against the crystal's 28 kda peptide. the 28 kda peptide was found to be relatively nontoxic to mosquito larvae although it does contain the hemolytic activity of the crystals. the crystal protein fraction depleted of the 28 kda peptide was found to be nonhemolytic and to retain nearly full toxicity to mosquito larvae. these results suggest tha ... | 1986 | 3814127 |
| transformation of vegetative cells of bacillus thuringiensis by plasmid dna. | plasmid dna-mediated transformation of vegetative cells of bacillus thuringiensis was studied with the following two plasmids: pbc16 coding for tetracycline resistance and pc194 expressing chloramphenicol resistance. a key step was the induction of competence by treatment of the bacteria with 50 mm tris hydrochloride buffer (ph 8.9) containing 30% sucrose. transformation frequency was strongly influenced by culture density during the uptake of dna and required the presence of polyethylene glycol ... | 1987 | 3818543 |
| [structural characteristics of dna of bacillus thuringiensis phages]. | the spectral characteristics of dna from two phages of the polylysogenic bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae culture 1-97 were studied. the typical parameters of melting and the negative reaction with formaldehyde are indicative of the double-helical structure of these dnas. the phage dnas differ in the molar content of nitrogen bases (32 and 38 mole% of gc) and in their distribution along the molecule. this distribution is uniform in the dna of one phage whereas the other phage dna is compo ... | 1986 | 3821593 |
| evidence that n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine induces adaptive response in bacillus thuringiensis. | bacillus thuringiensis is shown to have an inducible error-free repair system for alkylation damage as found in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis. growth of cells in the presence of low concentrations of n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng) induces an adaptive response which is characterized by an increase in resistance to killing and mutagenesis by challenge with higher concentrations of mnng. in addition, we have noted with interest that adaptive low doses seem to produce lesions a ... | 1987 | 3821776 |
| [open solid plate medium cultured bacillus thuringiensis and its mosquitocidal effect in field application]. | | 1985 | 3837708 |
| [effect of the pc194 plasmid on the development of bacillus thuringiensis phages]. | bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae strains were transformed by plasmid pc194, coding for chloramphenicol resistance (cmr). efficiency of plating and the yields of bacteriophages tg13 and tg27 maturating in cmr transformant cells were decreased for 2-3 orders as compared with the ones in parental strains. the cmr transformants are characterized by the increased level of spontaneous induction of bacteriophage tg22. | 1985 | 3842748 |
| [characteristics of bacillus thuringiensis phages with circular permutation in the dna molecule]. | bacteriophages tm2 and tg27 of different origins but identical in biological properties have been compared. physicochemical characteristics of bacteriophages have revealed the existence of end repeats and circular permutation of phage dna. phages tm2 and tg27 share the same dimensions of incapsulated dna, differing in the sizes of phage genome and end repeats. bacteriophage tm2 genome is 45.2 kb. long with the end repeats containing 5.7%. the genome of tg27 is 42.53 kb and 11.8% of end repeat. t ... | 1985 | 3842750 |
| efficacy of granular formulations of bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) for the control of anopheles larvae in rice fields. | three granular formulations of bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) were applied to dense stands of maturing and mature rice for control of anopheles crucians and an. quadrimaculatus. aerial applications of the vectobac granule (200 itu/mg) at 5.6, 11.2 and 22.4 kg/ha to 0.4 ha plots resulted in 92, 94 and 96% reduction 48 hr after application, respectively, in populations predominantly consisting of late instars. the bactimos granule (175 itu/mg) was applied by aircraft to 0.4 ha plots and by a cyclon ... | 1985 | 3880212 |
| efficacy of bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) for larval aedes mosquito control in intermountain meadows in wyoming. | one square meter field enclosures made of steel flashing, and natural ponds were used to determine the efficacy of bactimos formulations of bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) for control of late instar aedes dorsalis, ae. fitchii and ae. melanimon mosquito larvae in intermountain meadows. low temperatures caused decreased efficacy of the formulations tested in the laboratory, and spring temperature extremes lowered efficacy in field tests. adequate control of fourth instar larvae was obtained in fiel ... | 1985 | 3880213 |
| a chironomid (diptera: chironomidae) midge population study and laboratory evaluation of larvicides against midges inhabiting the lagoon of venice, italy. | chironomid larval densities in the saltwater lagoon of venice, italy, were assessed in the spring of 1984. four organophosphates; chlorpyrifos, temephos, fenthion and fenitrothion, and three pyrethroids; cypermethrin, permethrin and deltamethrin, were tested in the laboratory against field-collected larvae. three industrial formulations of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (b.t.i.) were also tested as midge larvicides. only chironomus salinarius occurred in the benthic samples taken from d ... | 1985 | 3880214 |
| control of snow pool mosquitoes with bacillus thuringiensis serotype h-14 in mountain environments in california and oregon. | studies were conducted in mountainous areas of california and oregon to test the effectiveness of bacillus thuringiensis serotype h-14 in controlling larvae of snow pool aedes mosquitoes, and also the effect of such larval control on the density of adult mosquitoes. california and oregon studies showed that a wettable powder formulation of b.t.i. was effective in controlling mosquito larvae. in oregon, treatment was effective even at water temperatures as low as 5 degrees c. sampling of adult mo ... | 1985 | 3880215 |
| solubilized crystal of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis: effect on adult house flies, stable flies (diptera: muscidae), and green lacewings (neuroptera: chrysopidae). | | 1985 | 3880220 |
| evaluation of beecomist-applied bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) against anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae in rice fields. | the beecomist spray head was evaluated for aerial application of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (serotype h-14; bti) at various ultra low volume (ulv) rates against natural populations of anopheles quadrimaculatus larvae in rice fields. deposits on kromekote cards indicated that 0.54 liter/ha of neat bti penetrated the dense canopy of the rice field. mean number of droplets 65 cm below canopy level was 4.9 +/- 5.0/100 cm2. at 1 day posttreatment, applications of 0.54, 0.27, 0.11, 0.07 a ... | 1985 | 3880248 |
| efficacy of flowable concentrate formulations of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis against black flies (diptera:simuliidae). | seven flowable concentrate formulations of bacillus thuringiensis (h-14), teknar wdc, auto-dispersible teknar, teknar 2x aqueous concentrate, teknar 2x oil base concentrate, vectobac as, bactimos fc and skeetal f, were evaluated in small streams against simulium vittatum. there was no significant difference in efficacy among the formulations with the exception of the teknar 2x aqueous concentrate, which required considerably less formulation (5 mg/liter/1 min) than the others to produce 95% mort ... | 1985 | 3880264 |
| feeding rate of larval aedes vexans stimulated by food substances. | feeding rates of fourth instar larvae of aedes vexans were compared by counting substrate filled gut segments after exposure to food or inert particles. food particles (wheat flour, fishmeal or yeast) were ingested approximately 3 times faster than inert particles (kaolin, pumice or synthetic cellulose). aqueous fishmeal extract accelerated ingestion of inert particles to the level of ingestion of food particles, demonstrating gustatory stimulation of larvae. absolute amounts of ingested materia ... | 1985 | 3880266 |
| new answers to malaria problems through vector control? | | 1985 | 3886422 |
| only part of the protoxin gene of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. berliner 1715 is necessary for insecticidal activity. | escherichia coli strains harboring deletion mutations of the insecticidal protoxin gene of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. berliner 1715 were constructed. although these strains did not produce intact protoxin, cell extracts from one of the mutants were extremely toxic to tobacco hornworm (manduca sexta) larvae, indicating that only a part of the protoxin gene is required for insecticidal activity. | 1985 | 3888110 |
| delineation of a toxin-encoding segment of a bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein gene. | crystals of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-1-dipel contain a mr 134,000 protoxin which can be cleaved by proteolysis to a peptide of mr approximately 70,000; this peptide is lethal to lepidopteran larvae. we have analyzed the peptides produced by recombinant escherichia coli strains bearing deletions and fusions of the protoxin gene in order to delineate the portion of the gene which encodes the toxic peptide. the recombinant strains produced the toxic peptide as well as larger peptid ... | 1985 | 3888979 |
| [amino acid and mineral element content and the activity of various enzymes in germinating spores of bacillus thuringiensis]. | changes in the content of dipicolinic acid and mineral elements were studied in the process of bacillus thuringiensis spore germination. the spores released up to 28% of dipicolinic acid and 18% of calcium at the activation stage, and 93 and 91%, respectively, at the initiation stage. at the same time, the content of mg, mn, zn and p decreased while k, na and fe accumulated in the spores. the activities of total and serine proteases, alkaline phosphatase, nadh dehydrogenase and aldolase increase ... | 1985 | 3892244 |
| [determination, by the electro-optical method, of the number of undamaged bacterial cells after extreme exposures]. | the results of electro-optical measurements can be used to determine rapidly how the number of intact cells decreases before and after the action of certain extreme factors. the experiments were conducted with suspensions of escherichia coli and bacillus thuringiensis cells subjected to the action of heat, toluene, ethanol, and freezing. electro-optical measurements can make it possible to assay the relative number of cells with both lethal and sublethal damages. | 1985 | 3903444 |
| protease activation of the entomocidal protoxin of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. | two isolates of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki were examined which produced different levels of intracellular proteases. although the crystals from both strains had comparable toxicity, one of the strains, lb1, had a strong polypeptide band at 68,000 molecular weight in the protein from the crystal; in the other, hd251, no such band was evident. when the intracellular proteases in both strains were measured, strain hd251 produced less than 10% of the proteolytic activity found in lb1. th ... | 1985 | 3909962 |
| demonstration of a capsule plasmid in bacillus anthracis. | virulent and certain avirulent strains of bacillus anthracis harbor a plasmid, designated pxo2, which is involved in the synthesis of capsules. two classes of rough, noncapsulated (cap-) variants were isolated from the capsule-producing (cap+) pasteur vaccine strains atcc 6602 and atcc 4229. one class was cured of pxo2, and the other class still carried it. reversion to cap+ was demonstrable only in rough variants which had retained pxo2. proof that pxo2 is involved in capsule synthesis came fro ... | 1985 | 3926644 |
| [the activity of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis against black fly larvae under field conditions in south bohemia]. | the effectiveness of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis spore suspension against black fly larvae was tested in two regulated brooks in the ceské budĕjovice district, south bohemia. the sites under study were small, regulated, paved brooks of trapezoidal profile, with vegetation of different density, and with stream flow rates ranging from 40 to 90 cm/sec. lyophilized spores (produced by roger belon) at a final concentration of 1 x 10(5) spores per ml were used. the spore efficacy was deter ... | 1985 | 3927567 |
| prophage induction and filamentation in bacillus thuringiensis caused by the genotoxic mycotoxin aflatoxin b1. | cultures of the lysogenic strain of bacillus thuringiensis var. tolworthi were made in the presence of various drugs. the determination of bacterial size and plaque forming units (by using an indicator strain of b. thuringiensis var. galleriae) as well as colony forming units were then performed. treatment of lysogenic cells by aflatoxin b1: provokes the formation of elongated cells (filamentation); induces a pathway that leads to the induction of prophage. results of the present study indicated ... | 1985 | 3932860 |
| production, isolation, physico-chemical and biological properties of angiolam a, a new antibiotic from angiococcus disciformis (myxobacterales). | angiolam a, a new lactone-lactam antibiotic, was isolated from the culture broth of the myxobacterium angiococcus disciformis strain an d30. it was active against a few gram-positive bacteria and mutant strains of escherichia coli with increased permeability. it appears to interfere with protein synthesis. | 1985 | 3937837 |
| isolation of a relatively nontoxic 65-kilodalton protein inclusion from the parasporal body of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | ultrastructural studies of the mosquitocidal bacterium bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis revealed that the parasporal body contained three major inclusion types, designated types 1, 2, and 3, which could be differentiated on the basis of electron opacity and size and, to some extent, shape. the type-2 inclusion, which was of moderate electron density and often appeared as a bar-shaped polyhedral body, was isolated on nabr gradients from purified parasporal bodies and characterized by sod ... | 1986 | 3944061 |
| a field evaluation of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis as a biological control agent for simulium chutteri (diptera:nematocera) in the middle orange river. | bacillus thuringiensis berliner var. israelensis de barjac (serotype h-14) (b.t.i.) at a concentration of 1.6 ppm/10 min and a toxicity of 1500 aau/mg was tested against simulium chutteri lewis larvae in the orange river near prieska, south africa. samples of benthic fauna from the stones-in-current biotope were collected before application of the product and at various intervals up to 80 h afterwards at 4 stations from 200 m to 11 km downstream of the application site. fauna drift increased sli ... | 1986 | 3960491 |
| germination of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis spores in the gut of aedes larvae (diptera: culicidae). | | 1985 | 3968442 |
| mating system for transfer of plasmids among bacillus anthracis, bacillus cereus, and bacillus thuringiensis. | to facilitate the analysis of genetic determinants carried by large resident plasmids of bacillus anthracis, a mating system was developed which promotes plasmid transfer among strains of b. anthracis, b. cereus, and b. thuringiensis. transfer of the selectable tetracycline resistance plasmid pbc16 and other plasmids from b. thuringiensis to b. anthracis and b. cereus recipients occurred during mixed incubation in broth. two plasmids, pxo11 and pxo12, found in b. thuringiensis were responsible f ... | 1985 | 3988702 |
| physiological actions of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus thuringiensis on kb iii cells: alkaline phosphatase release and growth inhibition. | phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c of bacillus thuringiensis caused the release of alkaline phosphatase from kb iii cells and plasma membrane preparations prepared from the cells. phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c added to the culture of kb iii cells inhibited cell growth by 30%. the release of alkaline phosphatase induced by phospholipase c was dependent on, or proportional to, the reaction time and the concentrations of the phospholipase c, kb iii cells and plasma membra ... | 1985 | 3992597 |
| laboratory evaluation of an exotoxin from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni to horn fly larvae (diptera: muscidae) and mice. | | 1985 | 4008744 |
| enhancement of intrinsic antitumor activity in spore-endotoxin mixtures of bacillus thuringiensis by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. | | 1985 | 4011697 |
| effect of sublethal bacillus thuringiensis crystal endotoxin treatment on the larval midgut of a moth, manduca: sem study. | the effect of a single, sublethal dose of b. thuringiensis crystal endotoxin on the midgut of the moth manduca sexta larvae was monitored during acute and recovery stages. initially both goblet and columnar cells swelled. many columnar cells produced membrane extrusions. in some cases the affected cells ruptured, extruding cellular debris into the midgut lumen. following the acute stage, the midgut tissue recovered, the damaged cells being extruded into the midgut lumen apparently as newly regen ... | 1985 | 4012768 |
| conjugal plasmid transfer in bacillus thuringiensis. | | 1985 | 4015577 |
| in vivo mobility of fatty acid end groups of bacillus thuringiensis plasma membrane lipids during growth and sporulation. | the mobility of 13c specifically labeled branched chain end groups of iso-even fatty acids in intact, live bacillus thuringiensis cells was studied by 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. this study apparently represents the first direct observation of branched chain carbon atoms in living cells. end groups were labeled using dl-[beta, delta, delta'-13c]valine as a precursor chain initiator for iso-even fatty acid synthesis after using l-[delta, delta'-14c]l-valine to determine optimal c ... | 1985 | 4019495 |
| nematoda: susceptibility of the egg to bacillus thuringiensis toxins. | crystalline toxins from bacillus thuringiensis israelensis and b.t. kurstaki were lethal in vitro to eggs of the nematode trichostrongylus colubriformis. the ld50 values for the two toxins were 0.38 ng and 37.5 micrograms total protein/ml, respectively. after 1 week at ambient temperature, the ld50 of b.t. kurstaki decreased to less than 4 micrograms/ml. toxin from b.t. israelensis had no effect within 48 hr on survival of adult nematodes or on their feeding in vitro. third-stage larvae of t. co ... | 1985 | 4029351 |
| study on the pathogenecity of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis h-14 strain against silkworm, bombyx mori under laboratory conditions. | | 1985 | 4031438 |
| [effect of the concentration and number of anopheles stephensi larvae on their mortality as affected by bacillus thuringiensis]. | | 1985 | 4033543 |
| [changes in the cellular reactivity of guinea pigs sensitized with bacillus thuringiensis]. | changes in the cell-mediated responsiveness of the body under the action of different variants of b. thuringiensis have been studied in experiments on guinea pigs. the data thus obtained indicate that the development of sensitization occurs in the animals, which is manifested by the increase of the sensitivity of leukocytes to the specific allergen and by the increase of the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages. the most pronounced changes in the immune responsiveness of guinea pigs hav ... | 1985 | 4036418 |
| the efficacy of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis against larvae of the blackfly odagmia ornata (meig.) (simuliidae) at low temperatures. | the effect of the suspension of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis spores on larvae of the blackfly odagmia ornata was studied in the laboratory and under field conditions of a natural biotope in southern bohemia. the preparation moskitur was used and its effect was tested in laboratory at temperatures 0.1-2.9 degrees c and 17-19 degrees c. although o. ornata larvae were able to filter feed on a lethal dose of the preparation even at a lower temperature than 2.9 degrees c, no marked manifes ... | 1985 | 4043865 |
| susceptibility of larval and adult simulium vittatum (diptera: simuliidae) to the solubilized parasporal crystal of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis. | | 1985 | 4045942 |
| [growth and development kinetics of bacillus thuringiensis in batch culture]. | the kinetics of bacillus thuringiensis growth and its assimilation of nutrient substances were studied under the conditions of batch cultivation in a complex medium containing yeast extract and in a chemically defined medium with amino acids. the growth of b. thuringiensis can be divided into five phases: exponential growth; decelerated growth; stationary phase when protein crystals are formed; stationary phase when spores are formed; lysis of sporangia releasing spores. the first phase may in t ... | 1985 | 4058325 |
| [biological characteristics of the variants of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae formed during continuous culture]. | bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae s. variants formed during continuous cultivation differ from the parent culture in certain properties. in contrast to the parent r form, their growth in the chemostat does not yield virulent mutants which can cause their lysis on solid media. the chemostat s forms are resistant against virulent phage mutants produced when the r variants are grown under the conditions of continuous cultivation and against a virulent phage obtained from the parent culture 69 ... | 1985 | 4058330 |
| molecular cloning and the nucleotide sequence of the mr 28 000 crystal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | the mr 28.000 crystal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis has been cloned into pbr322 as part of a 9.7 kb hindiii fragment. from hybridization experiments of recombinant p425 dna with b.t. subspecies israelensis rna from different stages of growth it was concluded that transcription of the gene is restricted to early sporulation stages. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the presence of a large open reading frame with a coding capacity of 249 amino acids (mr 27.340). ... | 1985 | 4070003 |
| trichostrongylus colubriformis: egg lethality due to bacillus thuringiensis crystal toxin. | a toxin from crystals of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis was lethal in vitro to eggs of the ruminant nematode trichostrongylus colubriformis, with an ld50 of 1.8 ng/ml. larval viability declined after a 2-hr exposure to b. t. israelensis and was dependent on the development period of eggs prior to exposure. alkaline solubilization suggested that the insecticidal delta-endotoxin of b. t. israelensis was not responsible for nematicidal activity. filtration of the toxin through 0.2- or 0.45-micr ... | 1985 | 4076387 |
| bacitracin increases size of parasporal crystals and spores in bacillus thuringiensis. | the effect of bacitracin on bacillus thuringiensis is described. when added after the end of the exponential phase, it produces a marked increase in the size of spores and parasporal crystals. the cultures to which the antibiotic was added are able to produce more crystal proteins than non-treated cultures. the protein composition of crystals from bacitracin-treated cultures is the same as that of crystals purified from control cultures. | 1985 | 4079914 |
| [possible means for increasing exotoxin synthesis by a bacillus thuringiensis culture--the producer of bitoxibacillin]. | various procedures were studied for obtaining bacillus thuringiensis strains of serotype i which synthesized exotoxins. mutant clones with elevated exotoxin synthesis could be selected by treating the cells with n-methyl-n-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. the frequency of (+) variant selection was from 17 to 12 x 10(-2). the clones of s and r types differed in the insecticide activity of the exotoxin. its yield could be increased by optimizing the composition of growth media. the strain specificity of ... | 1985 | 4088103 |
| detection on polyacrylamide gels of l-glutamic acid decarboxylase activities from bacillus thuringiensis. | | 1971 | 4101991 |
| structure of two phages of bacillus thuringiensis and b. cereus. | | 1974 | 4132606 |
| postflight analysis of bacillus thuringiensis organisms exposed to spaceflight conditions on apollo 16. | | 1974 | 4154705 |
| association of the crystalline inclusion of bacillus thuringiensis with the exosporium. | thin sections of sporulating cells of bacillus thuringiensis show a marked association between the crystalline inclusion and the exosporium. | 1970 | 4192566 |
| comparison of bacillus thuringiensis with other bacillus species based on enzymoserological examinations of their proteolytic enzymes. | | 1973 | 4199697 |
| biosynthesis of the crystal protein of bacillus thuringiensis var. tolworth. 1. kinetics of formation of the polypeptide components of the crystal protein in vivo. | | 1973 | 4204718 |
| biosynthesis of the crystal protein of bacillus thuringiensis var. tolworth. 2. on the relation of transcriptional and translational events in the growth cycle. | | 1973 | 4204719 |
| [bacillus thuringiensis var. berliner 1715: sporulation of a crystal--mutant; participation of mesosomes in the formation of the sporular envelopes (exosporium and tunic)]. | | 1974 | 4210677 |
| [comparison of thermostable exotoxins of different serotypes of bacillus thuringiensis]. | | 1974 | 4212591 |
| [study of colonies of a stable variant of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) resistant to aflatoxin b 1]. | | 1974 | 4212826 |
| [some properties of a stable variant of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) resistant to b1 aflatoxin]. | | 1974 | 4215582 |
| evidence in favour of the modification in vivo of rna polymerase subunits during sporogenesis in bacillus thuringiensis. | | 1974 | 4215650 |
| [description of 12 bacteriophages isolated from bacillus thuringiensis]. | | 1974 | 4219334 |
| method for determining bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis berliner in soil. | | 1969 | 4313427 |