| life table and consumption capacity of corn earworm, helicoverpa armigera, fed asparagus, asparagus officinalis. | the life table and consumption rate of helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) reared on asparagus, asparagus officinalis l. (asparagales: asparagaceae) were studied under laboratory conditions to assess their interaction. development, survival, fecundity, and consumption data were analyzed by the age-stage, twosex life table. this study indicated that asparagus is a natural host of h. armigera. however, the poor nutritional content in asparagus foliage and the poor fitness of h. ... | 2014 | 25373181 |
| 6beta-hydroxygedunin from azadirachta indica. its potentiation effects with some non-azadirachtin limonoids in neem against lepidopteran larvae. | the biological activity of 6beta-hydroxygedunin isolated from azadirachta indica a. juss. was assessed using the gram pod borer, helicoverpa armigera (hubner), and asian armyworm, spodoptera litura (fabricius) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), alone and in combination with other limonoids, gedunin, salannin, nimbinene, and azadirachtin. the compound exhibited growth inhibitory activity in artificial diet bioassays, with 24.2 and 21.5 ppm, respectively, inhibiting growth by 50%. this efficacy was higher ... | 2003 | 12720374 |
| [the effects of transgenic cry1ac+cry2ab cotton on cotton bollworm control and functional response of predators on whitefly]. | in this study, we detected and clarified the roles of transgenic cry1ac+cry2ab cotton "639020" in controlling cotton bollworm (helicoverpa armigera) during critical periods of bud stage (second generation of bollworm), flowering stage (third generation of bollworm) and bolling stage (fourth generation of bollworm) as well as the influences of 639020 cotton on functional response of the main predators (chrysopa sinica larvae, propylaea japonica, orius and erigonidium graminicola ) on whitefly usi ... | 2015 | 26351054 |
| transgenic plants expressing the aait/gna fusion protein show increased resistance and toxicity to both chewing and sucking pests. | the adoption of pest-resistant transgenic plants to reduce yield losses and decrease pesticide use has been successful. to achieve the goal of controlling both chewing and sucking pests in a given transgenic plant, we generated transgenic tobacco, arabidopsis, and rice plants expressing the fusion protein, aait/gna, in which an insecticidal scorpion venom neurotoxin (androctonus australis toxin, aait) is fused to snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin, gna). compared with transgenic tobac ... | 2016 | 25641865 |
| comparative studies on the effects of bt-transgenic and nontransgenic cotton on arthropod diversity, seedcotton yield and bollworms control. | the effectiveness of commercial bt-cotton in pest management, influence on arthropod diversity, natural enemies, and toxin flow in the insect fauna under field conditions were studied keeping in view the need to assess bioefficacy and biosafety of bt-transgenic cotton. there were no significant differences in oviposition by helicoverpa armigera on bt-transgenic and non-transgenic cottons (9.2 versus 9.6 eggs plants(-100)), while the numbers of h. armigera larvae were significantly more on non-tr ... | 2013 | 24006809 |
| insect resistance in tomato accessions and their hybrid derivatives in tamil nadu, india. | host plant resistance offers a viable alternative to the use of chemical insecticides for managing insects infesting tomato. hence, a study was carried out in tamil nadu, india during 1996 to 2004. an exhaustive germplasm comprising 321 tomato accessions including cultivars, wild lines, land races, tribal/native tomatoes was gathered from various sources and screened for resistance against the major pest namely fruit worm, helicoverpa armigera hubner (noctuidae: lepidoptera). in the field screen ... | 2005 | 16628895 |
| effect of pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide on pyrethroid efficacy against insecticide-resistant helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and bemisia tabaci (sternorrhyncha: aleyrodidae). | pyrethroid resistance in b-type bemisia tabaci gennadius and australian helicoverpa armigera hübner field populations is primarily conferred by esterase isoenzymes which metabolise and sequester pyrethroid insecticides. it has been shown previously that pyrethroid resistance-associated esterases in h. armigera are inhibited by the insecticide synergist piperonyl butoxide (pbo) over a 22-h period. it is demonstrated here that similar inhibition can be obtained against b-type b. tabaci. small-scal ... | 2006 | 16235269 |
| biorational agents--mechanism and importance in ipm and irm programs for controlling agricultural pests. | among the new approaches for controlling agricultural pests is the development of novel compounds affecting specific processes in insects such as chitin synthesis inhibitors, juvenile hormone mimics and ecdysone agonists. in addition, efforts have been made to develop compounds acting selectively on groups of insects by inhibiting or enhancing biochemical sites such as respiration (diafenthiuron), the nicotinyl acetylcholine receptors (imidacloprid and acetamiprid), the gaba receptors (avermecti ... | 2001 | 12425057 |
| differential immunosuppression by campoletis chlorideae eggs and ichnovirus in larvae of helicoverpa armigera and spodoptera exigua. | the ichneumonid wasp, campoletis chlorideae uchida, successfully develops in the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera (hübner), but rarely survives in the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua (hübner) due to the encapsulation by host immunity. in this study, we investigated the role of c. chlorideae ichnovirus (cciv) and eggs in the evasion of the host immune system. washed eggs of different types, immature, mature, newly laid, or pretreated with protease k, were injected alone or with the calyx flui ... | 2015 | 26183795 |
| improvement of pest resistance in transgenic tobacco plants expressing dsrna of an insect-associated gene ecr. | the adoption of pest-resistant transgenic plants to reduce yield loss and pesticide utilization has been successful in the past three decades. recently, transgenic plant expressing double-stranded rna (dsrna) targeting pest genes emerges as a promising strategy for improving pest resistance in crops. the steroid hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e), predominately controls insect molting via its nuclear receptor complex, ecr-usp. here we report that pest resistance is improved in transgenic tobacco ... | 2012 | 22685585 |
| defensive role of tomato polyphenol oxidases against cotton bollworm (helicoverpa armigera) and beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua). | tomato (solanum lycopersicum) polyphenol oxidases (ppos), enzymes that oxidize phenolics to quinones, have been implicated in plant resistance to insects. the role of ppo in resistance to cotton bollworm [helicoverpa armigera (hübner)] and beet armyworm [spodoptera exigua (hübner)] (lepidoptera: noctuidae) was evaluated. consumption, weight gains, and mortality of larvae feeding on foliage of transgenic tomato lines overexpressing ppo (op lines) and of larvae feeding on foliage of transgenic tom ... | 2009 | 19050959 |
| molecular characterization and developmental expression of the gene encoding the prothoracicotropic hormone in the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | prothoracicotropic hormone (ptth), a neuropeptide hormone stimulating the prothoracic glands to synthesize ecdysone, plays an important role in regulating postembryonic development in insects. the cdna encoding ptth was isolated and sequenced from the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (spe). the deduced amino acid sequence is composed of a signal peptide, a peptide (65 amino acids) of unknown function, and a mature ptth molecule (111 amino acids). the spe-ptth shows similarities (45.5%-70.3%) to ... | 2007 | 17653666 |
| cloning and expression of the gene encoding the diapause hormone and pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | diapause hormone (dh) and pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban), two important insect neuropeptides, regulate insect development and sex pheromone biosynthesis, respectively. dh-like immunoreactivity has been detected in the suboesophageal ganglion (sg) of pharate adult of spodoptera exigua (spe) by using an antiserum against helicoverpa armigera dh. a full-length of spe-dh-pban cdna was obtained based on reverse transcription-pcr and rapid amplification of cdna ends strategies. ... | 2007 | 17364826 |
| molecular basis of the remarkable species selectivity of an insecticidal sodium channel toxin from the african spider augacephalus ezendami. | the inexorable decline in the armament of registered chemical insecticides has stimulated research into environmentally-friendly alternatives. insecticidal spider-venom peptides are promising candidates for bioinsecticide development but it is challenging to find peptides that are specific for targeted pests. in the present study, we isolated an insecticidal peptide (ae1a) from venom of the african spider augacephalus ezendami (family theraphosidae). injection of ae1a into sheep blowflies (lucil ... | 2016 | 27383378 |
| safety assessment and detection method of genetically modified chinese kale (brassica oleracea cv. alboglabra ). | sporamins are tuberous storage proteins and account for 80% of soluble protein in sweet potato tubers with trypsin-inhibitory activity. the expression of sporamin protein in transgenic chinese kale (line boa 3-1) conferred insecticidal activity toward corn earworm [ helicoverpa armigera (hubner)] in a previous report. in this study, we present a preliminary safety assessment of transgenic chinese kale boa 3-1. bioinformatic and simulated gastric fluid (sgf) analyses were performed to evaluate th ... | 2009 | 19216530 |
| characterization of the viral fibroblast growth factor homolog of helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus. | fibroblast growth factor (fgf) is found throughout multicellular organisms; however, fgf homologs (vfgf) have only been identified among viruses in lepidopteran baculoviruses. the function of vfgfs from group i alphabaculoviruses, including autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) and bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (bmnpv), involves accelerated killing of infected larvae by both viruses. the vfgf of group ii alphabaculovirus is structurally different from that of group i a ... | 2016 | 27142667 |
| plant phenolics are detoxified by prophenoloxidase in the insect gut. | plant phenolics are a group of important secondary metabolites that are toxic to many animals and insects if ingested at high concentrations. because most insects consume plant phenolics daily, they have likely evolved the capacity to detoxify these compounds. here, we used drosophila melanogaster, bombyx mori and helicoverpa armigera as models to study the metabolism of plant phenolics by prophenoloxidases. we found that insect foreguts release prophenoloxidases into the lumen, and that the sur ... | 2015 | 26592948 |
| construction of silkworm midgut cdna library for screen and sequence analysis of peritrophic membrane protein genes. | silkworm is an important economic insect and the model species for lepidoptera. the midgut of silkworm is an important physiological barrier, as its peritrophic membrane (pm) can resist pathogen invasion. in this study, a silkworm midgut cdna library was constructed in order to identify silkworm pm genes. the capacity of the initial library was 6.92 × 10(6) pfu/ml, along with a recombination rate of 92.14% and a postamplification titer of 4.10 × 10(9) pfu/ml. three silkworm pm protein genes were ... | 2016 | 26472595 |
| pc, a novel oral insecticidal toxin from bacillus bombysepticus involved in host lethality via apn and btr-175. | insect pests have developed resistance to chemical insecticides, insecticidal toxins as bioinsecticides or genetic protection built into crops. consequently, novel, orally active insecticidal toxins would be valuable biological alternatives for pest control. here, we identified a novel insecticidal toxin, parasporal crystal toxin (pc), from bacillus bombysepticus (bb). pc shows oral pathogenic activity and lethality towards silkworms and cry1ac-resistant helicoverpa armigera strains. in vitro as ... | 2015 | 26057951 |
| conserved rna cis-elements regulate alternative splicing of lepidopteran doublesex. | doublesex (dsx) is a downstream key regulator in insect sex determination pathway. in drosophila, alternative splicing of dm-dsx gene is sex-specifically regulated by transformer (tra), in which the functional tra promotes female-specific dm-dsx. however, the sex determination pathway in lepidoptera is not well understood; here we focused on alternative splicing of doublesex (dsx) in two agricultural pests, asian corn borer (ostrinia furnacalis) and cotton bollworm (helicoverpa armigera), as wel ... | 2014 | 24239545 |
| changes in the activity and the expression of detoxification enzymes in silkworms (bombyx mori) after phoxim feeding. | silkworm (bombyx mori) is an economically important insect. however, non-cocoon caused by chemical insecticide poisoning has largely hindered the development of sericulture. to explore the roles of detoxification enzymes in b. mori after insecticide poisoning, we monitored the activity changes of cytochrome p450 monooxygenase, glutathione-s-transferase, and carboxylesterase in b. mori midgut and fatbody after phoxim feeding. at the same time, the expression levels of detoxification enzyme-relate ... | 2013 | 24238284 |
| comparisons of contact chemoreception and food acceptance by larvae of polyphagous helicoverpa armigera and oligophagous bombyx mori. | we compared food choice and the initial response to deterrent treated diet between fifth instars of helicoverpa armigera, a polyphagous generalist pest, and bombyx mori, an oligophagous specialist beneficial. bombyx mori was more behaviorally sensitive to salicin than to caffeine. the relative sensitivities were reversed for h. armigera, which was tolerant to the highest levels of salicin found in natural sources but sensitive to caffeine. a single gustatory receptor neuron (grn) in the medial s ... | 2013 | 23779267 |
| fish identification of helicoverpa armigera and mamestra brassicae chromosomes by bac and fosmid probes. | since the bombyx mori genome sequence was published, conserved synteny between b. mori and some other lepidopteran species has been revealed by either fish (fluorescence in situ hybridization) with bac (bacterial artificial chromosome) probes or linkage analysis. however, no species belonging to the noctuidae, the largest lepidopteran family which includes serious polyphagous pests, has been analyzed so far with respect to genome-wide conserved synteny and gene order. for that purpose, we select ... | 2013 | 23628856 |
| evolutionary history of x-tox genes in three lepidopteran species: origin, evolution of primary and secondary structure and alternative splicing, generating a repertoire of immune-related proteins. | the proteins of the x-tox family have imperfectly conserved tandem repeats of several defensin-like motifs known as cysteine-stabilized αβ (cs-αβ) motifs. these immune-related proteins are inducible and expressed principally in hemocytes, but they have lost the antimicrobial properties of the ancestral defensins from which they evolved. we compared x-tox gene structure and expression in three lepidopteran species (spodoptera frugiperda, helicoverpa armigera and bombyx mori). synteny and phylogen ... | 2013 | 23142192 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of an alkaline trypsin from the digestive juice of bombyx mori larvae against nucleopolyhedrovirus. | alkaline trypsin protein of molecular mass 25,436 da purified from the digestive juice of bombyx mori larvae indicated strong antiviral activity against bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (bmnpv) under in vitro conditions. partial n-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein was determined and the cdna was cloned based on the amino acid sequence. a homology search of the deduced amino acid sequence of the cdna showed 55% identity with helicoverpa armigera trypsin and the active site of this prote ... | 2012 | 22898997 |
| gene identification and proteomic analysis of the esterases of the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | some of the resistance of helicoverpa armigera to conventional insecticides such as organophosphates and synthetic pyrethroids appears to be due to metabolic detoxification by carboxylesterases. to investigate the h. armigera carboxyl/cholinesterases, we created a data set of 39 putative paralogous h. armigera carboxyl/cholinesterase sequences from cdna libraries and other sources. phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between these sequences and 70 carboxyl/cholinesterases from th ... | 2010 | 20005949 |
| identification of a novel gene encoding the trehalose phosphate synthase in the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | trehalose and trehalose metabolism are crucial for insect development. we measured the content of polyhydric compounds in the hemolymph of diapause- and nondiapause-destined individuals of helicoverpa armigera. we found that the trehalose content is much higher in diapause-destined individuals than that in nondiapause individuals. the activity of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (tps) during h. armigera larval-pupal development is significantly higher in diapause-type individuals and is closely co ... | 2009 | 19004876 |
| molecular cloning and expression profiles of the acyl-coa-binding protein gene from the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera. | acyl-coa-binding protein (acbp), also known as the diazepam-binding inhibitor (dbi), has been identified in diverse species and is evolutionarily conserved in plants and animals. in a recent study, an acbp cdna (haacbp) encoding 85 amino acids was isolated from the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera. the isolated protein is highly homologous to the acbp present in the bombyx mori midgut, where it is highly expressed. northern and western blot analyses revealed that haacbp is expressed predomin ... | 2008 | 18481302 |
| immunolocalization of general odorant-binding protein in antennal sensilla of moth caterpillars. | antennae of bombyx mori and helicoverpa armigera larvae were immunolabelled with antisera raised against the pheromone-binding protein or the general odorant-binding protein 2 of antheraea polyphemus to assign the expression of these proteins to individual sensilla and to compare the localization pattern with that in sensilla of adult moths. specific labelling of antennal sensilla was only obtained with the antiserum against general odorant-binding protein 2. among the few sensilla present on th ... | 2000 | 18088914 |
| cloning and characterization of the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide receptor gene in spodoptera littoralis larvae. | in noctuid moths cuticular pigmentation is regulated by the pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pk/pban) family, which also mediates a variety of other functions in moths and other insects. numerous studies have shown that these neuropeptides exert their functions through activation of the pban receptor (pban-r), with subsequent ca(2+) influx, followed by either activation of camp or direct activation of downstream kinases. recently, several pban-rs have been identified, al ... | 2007 | 17379458 |
| structural characterization and transcriptional regulation of the gene encoding diapause hormone and pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide in the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | we have cloned the gene encoding the diapause hormone and the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide in helicoverpa armigera (har-dh-pban). the har-dh-pban gene contains six exons and five introns that fall in the same positions as in the bombyx mori dh-pban gene (bom-dh-pban). the transcription initiation site lays 29 bp upstream of the translation initiation site. southern blot analysis suggests that a single copy of this gene is present per haploid genome. a structural comparison of d ... | 2005 | 15777675 |
| the diapause hormone-pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide gene of helicoverpa armigera encodes multiple peptides that break, rather than induce, diapause. | fxprlamide peptides encoded by the dh-pban (diapause hormone-pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide) gene induce embryonic diapause in bombyx mori, but terminate pupal diapause in helicoverpa armigera (har). here, we explore the mechanisms of terminating pupal diapause by the fxprlamide peptides. using quantitative rt-pcr, we observed that expression of har-dh-pban mrna in the sg of nondiapause-type pupae was significantly higher than in diapause-type pupae. immunocytochemical results in ... | 2004 | 15183284 |
| cloning and expression of the cdna encoding the fxprl family of peptides and a functional analysis of their effect on breaking pupal diapause in helicoverpa armigera. | diapause hormone (dh) and pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban) are encoded by a single mrna in the suboesophegeal ganglion (sg) and are responsible for induction of embryonic diapause in bombyx mori and sex pheromone biosynthesis in lepidopteran insects. pban cdna analyses revealed that the dh-like peptide is present in several species that have a pupal diapause. however, the function of the dh-like peptide remains unknown. in the present study, we cloned the cdna encoding dh-pb ... | 2004 | 15037090 |
| pyrokinin/pban-like peptides in the central nervous system of drosophila melanogaster. | the pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban) family of peptides found in insects is characterized by a 5-amino-acid c-terminal sequence, fxprlamide. the pentapeptide is the active core required for diverse physiological functions, including stimulation of pheromone biosynthesis in female moths, stimulation of muscle contraction, induction of embryonic diapause in bombyx mori, and stimulation of melanization in some larval moths. recently, this family of peptides has been i ... | 2001 | 11735047 |
| comparison of bombyx mori and helicoverpa armigera cytoplasmic actin genes provides clues to the evolution of actin genes in insects. | the cytoplasmic actin genes bma3 and bma4 of bombyx mori were found clustered in a single genomic clone in the same orientation. as a similar clustering of the two cytoplasmic actin genes ha3a and ha3b also occurs in another lepidopteran, helicoverpa armigera, we analyzed the sequence of the pair of genes from each species. due to the high conservation of cytoplasmic actins, the coding sequence of the four genes was easily aligned, allowing the detection of similarities in noncoding exon and int ... | 1999 | 10028284 |
| evidence for gene conversion between tandemly duplicated cytoplasmic actin genes of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera:noctuidae) | tandemly duplicated actin genes have been isolated from a helicoverpa armigera genomic library. sequence comparisons with actin genes from other species suggest they encode cytoplasmic actins, being most closely related to the bombyx mori a3 actin gene. the duplicated h. armigera actin genes, termed a3a and a3b, share 98.3% nucleotide sequence identity over their entire putative coding region. analysis of the distribution of nucleotide differences shows the first 763 bp are identical between the ... | 1997 | 9069177 |
| the influence of a 21 kda kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor from nonhost madras thorn, pithecellobium dulce, seeds on h. armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | a trypsin inhibitor purified from the seeds of the manila tamarind, pithecellobium dulce (pdti), was studied for its effects on growth parameters and developmental stages of helicoverpa armigera. pdti exhibited inhibitory activity against bovine trypsin (∼86%; ∼1.33 ug/ml ic50). the inhibitory activity of pdti was unaltered over a wide range of temperature, ph, and in the presence of dithiothreitol. larval midgut proteases were unable to digest pdti for up to 12 h of incubation. dixon and linewe ... | 2015 | 25580830 |
| bio-potency of a 21 kda kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor from tamarindus indica seeds on the developmental physiology of h. armigera. | a trypsin inhibitor purified from the seeds of tamarindus indica by sephadex g-75, deae-sepharose and trypsin-sepharose cl-4b columns was studied for its antifeedant, larvicidal, pupicidal and growth inhibitory activities against helicoverpa armigera larvae. tamarindus trypsin inhibitor (tti) exhibited inhibitory activity towards total gut proteolytic enzymes of h. armigera (~87%) and bovine trypsin (~84%). lethal doses which caused mortality and weight reduction by 50% were 1% w/w and 0.50% w/w ... | 2014 | 25454525 |
| a nonhost peptidase inhibitor of ~14 kda from butea monosperma (lam.) taub. seeds affects negatively the growth and developmental physiology of helicoverpa armigera. | helicoverpa armigera is one of the major devastating pests of crop plants. in this context a serine peptidase inhibitor purified from the seeds of butea monosperma was evaluated for its effect on developmental physiology of h. armigera larvae. b. monosperma peptidase inhibitor on 12% denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis exhibited a single protein band of ~14 kda with or without reduction. in vitro studies towards total gut proteolytic enzymes of h. armigera and bovine trypsin indicated ... | 2014 | 24860667 |
| aldehyde reductase activity in the antennae of helicoverpa armigera. | in the present study, we identified two aldehyde reductase activities in the antennae of helicoverpa species, nadh and nadph-dependent activity. we expressed one of these proteins of h. armigera, aldo-keto reductase (akr), which bears 56% identity to bovine aldose reductase, displays a nadph-dependent activity and is mainly expressed in the antennae of adults. whole-mount immunostaining showed that the enzyme is concentrated in the cells at the base of chemosensilla and in the nerves. the enzyme ... | 2014 | 24580848 |
| nitrate reductase and nitrite as additional components of defense system in pigeonpea (cajanus cajan l.) against helicoverpa armigera herbivory. | amylase inhibitors serve as attractive candidates of defense mechanisms against insect attack. therefore, the impediment of helicoverpa armigera digestion can be the effective way of controlling this pest population. nitrite was found to be a potent mixed non-competitive competitive inhibitor of partially purified α-amylase of h. armigera gut. this observation impelled us to determine the response of nitrite and nitrate reductase (nr) towards h. armigera infestation in nine pigeonpea genotypes ( ... | 2014 | 25307464 |
| pigeonpea genotypes influence parasitization preference and survival and development of the helicoverpa armigera larval parasitoid, campoletis chlorideae. | studies were undertaken to identify pigeonpea, cajanus cajan (l.) millspaugh and the wild relative of pigeonpea, cajanus scarabaeoides (l.) (accession icpw 125,) genotypes that are hospitable to the pod borer, helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larval parasitoid, campoletis chlorideae uchida (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae) for the management of this pest in pigeonpea based cropping systems. percentage parasitization of the h. armigera larvae by the c. chlorideae females was grea ... | 2014 | 25110629 |
| induced resistance by oxidative shifts in pigeonpea (cajanus cajan l.) following helicoverpa armigera (hübner) herbivory. | oxidative responses in leaves, developing seeds and the pod wall of nine pigeonpea genotypes were investigated against helicoverpa armigera feeding. out of nine genotypes, four were moderately resistant, three were intermediate and two were moderately susceptible genotypes. | 2015 | 24974811 |
| wound and methyl jasmonate induced pigeon pea defensive proteinase inhibitor has potency to inhibit insect digestive proteinases. | wounding of plants by chewing insects or other damage induces the synthesis of defensive proteinase inhibitors (pi) in both wounded and distal unwounded leaves. in the present paper we report the characterization of inducible defensive pi from pigeon pea (cajanus cajan) and its in vitro interaction with helicoverpa armigera gut proteinases (hgp). we found that pi activity was induced in local as well as systemic leaves of pigeon pea by the wounding and methyl jasmonate (meja) application. consis ... | 2012 | 22721949 |
| in vivo inhibition of helicoverpa armigera gut pro-proteinase activation by non-host plant protease inhibitors. | we evaluated 22 different host and non-host plant protease inhibitors (pis) for in vivo inhibition of helicoverpa armigera gut pro- and proteinases, and their biological activity against the pod borer, h. armigera, the most important pest of agriculture and horticultural crops worldwide. in vitro activation of h. armigera gut pro-proteinases (hagpps) in larvae fed on non-host plant pis showed significant in vivo inhibition of hagpps activation in solution as well as in gel assays. the larvae fed ... | 2010 | 20416317 |
| differential inhibition of helicoverpa armigera gut proteinases by proteinase inhibitors of pigeonpea (cajanus cajan) and its wild relatives. | the seeds of 36 pigeonpea [cajanus cajan (l) millsp.] cultivars, resistant and susceptible to pests and pathogens and 17 of its wild relatives were analysed for inhibitors of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and insect gut proteinases to identify potential inhibitors of insect (helicoverpa armigera) gut enzymes. proteinase inhibitors (pis) of pigeonpea cultivars showed total inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin, and moderate inhibition potential towards h. armigera proteinases (hgp). pis of wild relativ ... | 2003 | 13679090 |
| phenolic compounds on the pod-surface of pigeonpea, cajanus cajan, mediate feeding behavior of helicoverpa armigera larvae. | a methanol extract of the pod surfaces of cajanus cajan, a feeding stimulant for fifth-instar helicoverpa armigera, was shown to contain four main phenolic compounds. three of these were identified as isoquercitrin, quercetin, and quercetin-3-methyl ether, by comparing uv spectra and hplc retention times with authentic standards. the fourth compound was isolated by semipreparative hplc and determined to be 3-hydroxy-4-prenyl-5-methoxystilbene-2-carboxylic acid (stilbene) by nmr spectroscopy and ... | 2003 | 12775145 |
| can larvae of the pod-borer, helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae), select between wild and cultivated pigeonpea cajanus sp. (fabaceae)? | experiments were conducted to observe the feeding and food selection-behaviour of different instars of the pod-borer helicoverpa armigera (hübner) in response to choices between the cultivated and a wild species of cajanus. first and second instars fed upon a cultivated variety of cajanus cajan in preference to a wild species, c. scarabaeoides and on flowers of c. cajan, rather than pods or leaves of c. cajan. first and second instars preferred pods of c. scarabaeoides with trichomes removed to ... | 2002 | 12020361 |
| behavioral response of femalehelicoverpa (heliothis)armigera hb. (lepidoptera: noctuidae) moths to synthetic pigeonpea (cajanus cajan l.) kairomone. | femaleh. armigera moths are highly attracted by a steam distillate from pigeonpea plants, one of their main hosts. a mixture of six compounds, all sesquiterpenes (β-caryophyllene,α-humulene,α-guajene,α-muurolene,γ-muurolene, andα-bulnesene), mixed in the proportions as found in the steam distillate, elicited the same behavioral responses (oriented upwind flights and contacts with the odor source) as the steam distillate. onlyα-bulnesene was attractive by itself, but still less than the whole mix ... | 1996 | 24227588 |
| cdna cloning and molecular characterization of a cysteine-rich gene from campoletis chlorideae polydnavirus. | polydnavirus (pdv) of campoletis chlorideae (cciv) is very important for the successful development of the parasitoid progenies. previous study revealed that the persistence and expression of cciv in parasitized helicoverpa armigera larvae continued for 5 days, and the 1.0 kb gene (cciv 1.0) was most abundantly expressed. in this report, a cdna library was constructed using the smart cdna synthesis method, and the cciv 1.0 was cloned and identified by pcr, southern blot hybridization and 5' end ... | 2003 | 15018350 |
| bio-physical evaluation and in vivo delivery of plant proteinase inhibitor immobilized on silica nanospheres. | recombinant expression of capsicum annuum proteinase inhibitors (canpi-13) and its application via synthetic carrier for the crop protection is the prime objective of our study. herein, we explored proteinase inhibitor peptide immobilization on silica based nanospheres and rods followed by its ph mediated release in vitro and in vivo. initial studies suggested silica nanospheres to be a suitable candidate for peptide immobilization. furthermore, the interactions were characterized biophysically ... | 2015 | 25909183 |
| identification and expression profiling of helicoverpa armigera micrornas and their possible role in the regulation of digestive protease genes. | the present investigation is an effort to determine the possible roles of micrornas (mirnas) in the regulation of protease gene expression in helicoverpa armigera upon exposure to plant protease inhibitors (pis). using illumina platform, deep sequencing of 12 small rna libraries was performed from h. armigera larvae fed on artificial diet (ad) or recombinant capsicum annuum pi-7 (rcanpi-7) incorporated diet, at various time intervals (0.5, 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h). sequencing data were analyzed w ... | 2014 | 25263090 |
| differential antibiosis against helicoverpa armigera exerted by distinct inhibitory repeat domains of capsicum annuum proteinase inhibitors. | plant defensive serine proteinase inhibitors (pis) are known to have negative impact on digestive physiology of herbivore insects and thus have a crucial role in plant protection. here, we have assessed the efficacy and specificity of three previously characterized inhibitory repeat domain (ird) variants from capsicum annuum pis viz., ird-7, -9 and -12 against gut proteinases from helicoverpa armigera. comparative study of in silico binding energy revealed that ird-9 possesses higher affinity to ... | 2014 | 24559910 |
| plasticity of protease gene expression in helicoverpa armigera upon exposure to multi-domain capsicum annuum protease inhibitor. | a multi-domain pin-ii type protease inhibitor from capsicum annuum (canpi-7) is known to be effective against the insect pest, helicoverpa armigera. the present study is an attempt to investigate the optimal dose of recombinant canpi-7 (rcanpi-7) for effective antibiosis to h. armigera and further to characterize the responses of digestive proteases upon rcanpi-7 ingestion. | 2013 | 23528893 |
| the remarkable efficiency of a pin-ii proteinase inhibitor sans two conserved disulfide bonds is due to enhanced flexibility and hydrogen bond density in the reactive site loop. | capsicum annuum (l.) expresses diverse potato type ii family proteinase inhibitors comprising of inhibitory repeat domain (ird) as basic functional unit. most irds contain eight conserved cysteines forming four disulfide bonds, which are indispensible for their stability and activity. we investigated the functional significance of evolutionary variations in irds and their role in mediating interaction between the inhibitor and cognate proteinase. among the 18 irds encoded by c. annuum, ird-7, -9 ... | 2014 | 23256852 |
| stress inducible proteinase inhibitor diversity in capsicum annuum. | wound-inducible pin-ii proteinase inhibitors (pis) are one of the important plant serine pis which have been studied extensively for their structural and functional diversity and relevance in plant defense against insect pests. to explore the functional specialization of an array of capsicum annuum (l.) proteinase inhibitor (canpis) genes, we studied their expression, processing and tissue-specific distribution under steady-state and induced conditions. inductions were performed by subjecting c. ... | 2012 | 23153298 |
| antifeedant and larvicidal activities of rhein isolated from the flowers of cassia fistula l. | antifeedant and larvicidal activities of rhein (1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone-3-carboxylic acid) isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of cassia fistula flower were studied against lepidopteron pests spodoptera litura and helicoverpa armigera. significant antifeedant activity was observed against h. armigera (76.13%) at 1000 ppm concentration. rhein exhibited larvicidal activity against h. armigera (67.5), s. litura (36.25%) and the lc50 values was 606.50 ppm for h. armigera and 1192.55 ppm for s ... | 2011 | 23961115 |
| growth inhibitory activity of fatty acid methyl esters in the whole seed oil of madagascar periwinkle (apocyanaceae) against helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | crude hexane and water extracts of catharanthus roseus linn. (syn: vinca rosea) (apocyanaceae) stem, leaf, and seed exhibited pesticidal activity against helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera noctuidae). the extracts differed significantly in their efficacy, with the crude hexane extract of whole seed being the most effective in curtailing pupal survivorship to 18% followed by the hexane extracts of leaf (21%) and stem (24%). average pupal weight (68.2 mg) and length (1.5 cm) in the whole s ... | 2009 | 19610438 |
| tranosema rostrale ichnovirus repeat element genes display distinct transcriptional patterns in caterpillar and wasp hosts. | the endoparasitic wasp tranosema rostrale transmits an ichnovirus to its lepidopteran host, choristoneura fumiferana, during parasitization. as shown for other ichnoviruses, the segmented dsdna genome of the t. rostrale ichnovirus (triv) features several multi-gene families, including the repeat element (rep) family, whose products display no known similarity to non-ichnovirus proteins, except for a homologue encoded by the genome of the helicoverpa armigera granulovirus; their functions remain ... | 2009 | 19264643 |
| whole genome re-sequencing reveals genome-wide variations among parental lines of 16 mapping populations in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). | chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is the second most important grain legume cultivated by resource poor farmers in south asia and sub-saharan africa. in order to harness the untapped genetic potential available for chickpea improvement, we re-sequenced 35 chickpea genotypes representing parental lines of 16 mapping populations segregating for abiotic (drought, heat, salinity), biotic stresses (fusarium wilt, ascochyta blight, botrytis grey mould, helicoverpa armigera) and nutritionally important (pr ... | 2016 | 26822060 |
| differential transcript accumulation in cicer arietinum l. in response to a chewing insect helicoverpa armigera and defence regulators correlate with reduced insect performance. | monitoring transcriptional reorganization triggered in response to a particular stress is an essential first step for the functional analysis of genes involved in the process. to characterize cicer arietinum l. defence responses against helicoverpa armigera feeding, transcript patterns elicited by both herbivore and mechanical wounding were profiled and compared, and the application of defence regulators was assessed. a combination of approaches was employed to develop transcript profiles, inclu ... | 2008 | 18544610 |
| quantitative genetics of preference and performance on chickpeas in the noctuid moth, helicoverpa armigera. | if a novel, resistant host-plant genotype arises in the environment, insect populations utilising that host must be able to overcome that resistance in order that they can maintain their ability to feed on that host. the ability to evolve resistance to host-plant defences depends upon additive genetic variation in larval performance and adult host-choice preference. to investigate the potential of a generalist herbivore to respond to a novel resistant host, we estimated the heritability of larva ... | 2006 | 16570068 |
| podborer (helicoverpa armigera hübn.) does not show specific adaptations in gut proteinases to dietary cicer arietinum kunitz proteinase inhibitor. | we investigated the response of helicoverpa armigera larvae towards ingestion of cicer arietinum kunitz proteinase inhibitor (cakpi), which caused antagonistic effects on developing h. armigera larvae. cakpi-degrading proteinases were not detectable in either control or sensitized larvae. there were negligible increases in total proteinase activity, as well as in trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like activities of h. armigera gut proteinases (hgps). decrease in sensitivity of hgps to inhibition by ... | 2005 | 16140320 |
| standardization of cage techniques to screen chickpeas for resistance to helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in greenhouse and field conditions. | because of variations in insect populations and staggered flowering of chickpea, cicer arietinum l., genotypes, it is difficult to compare the genotypic performance across seasons and locations. we standardized a cage technique to screen chickpeas for resistance to helicoverpa armigera (hübner). leaf feeding by the larvae was significantly lower on icc 506 than on iccc 37 when the seedlings were infested with 20 neonates per five plants at 15 d after seedling emergence or 10 neonates per three p ... | 2005 | 15765685 |
| diversity in inhibitors of trypsin and helicoverpa armigera gut proteinases in chickpea (cicer arietinum) and its wild relatives. | developing seeds of eight chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) cultivars (12-60 days after flowering) showed a significant variation in the trypsin inhibitor (ti) and the helicoverpa armigera gut proteinase inhibitor (hgpi) content. for example, the highest ti (198 units/g) and hgpi (23 units/g) activities were exhibited by mature seeds of cv iccv-2, whereas the lowest inhibitor activities were observed in cv pg8505-7 (96.1 ti units/g) and cv vijay (5 hgpi units/g). electrophoretic patterns showed a va ... | 1999 | 22665210 |
| baited traps may be an alternative to conventional pesticides in integrated crop management of chicory (compositae) in south africa. | chicory, chicorium intybus l. (compositae), is a major field crop in the eastern cape province of south africa. several pests feed on the leaves of the plant, resulting in reduced yield. the most important of these are the noctuid moths helicoverpa armigera (hübner), chrysodeixis acuta (walker), and trichoplusia orichalcea (f.). the use of attract-and-kill traps offers an alternative to broad-based insecticides in the control of these species. three fields were treated with normal insecticides a ... | 2008 | 18330122 |
| toxicity of cinnamomin--a new type ii ribosome-inactivating protein to bollworm and mosquito. | the toxicity of cinnamomin, a new type ii ribosome-inactivating protein purified from the seeds of camphor tree (cinnamomum camphora), to bollworm (helicoverpa armigera) and mosquito (culex pipines pallens) during larval stage was tested. the lc50 of cinnamomin to bollworm larvae fed on diet containing cinnamomin was 1839 ppm and the lc50 to larvae of mosquito was 168 ppm. the gut extract of bollworm larvae could apparently hydrolyze cinnamomin. the inhibition of protein synthesis by cinnamomin ... | 2000 | 10732994 |
| the effect of temperature and humidity on the bionomics of six african egg parasitoids (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae). | the life table statistics of six native kenyan species/strains of trichogramma and trichogrammatoidea were established using a factitious host corcyra cephalonica, stainton (lepidoptera: pyralidae), at eight different temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 28, 30, 32 and 35 degrees c) and two humidity levels (40-50 and 70-80%). the objective was to select insects with superior attributes for augmentative release against lepidopteran pests in horticultural crops. both temperature and humidity affected dev ... | 2006 | 16768819 |
| relative fitness of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) on seven host plants: a perspective for ipm in brazil. | the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) is a widespread pest of many cultivated and wild plants in europe, africa, asia, and australia. in 2013, this species was reported in brazil, attacking various host crops in the midwestern and northeastern regions of the country and is now found countrywide. aiming to understand the effects of different host plants on the life cycle of h. armigera, we selected seven species of host plants that mature in different seasons ... | 2016 | 26798139 |
| silicon enhances natural enemy attraction and biological control through induced plant defences. | silicon (si) is known to have a role in constitutive plant defence against arthropod pests, and recent work has illustrated involvement in induced plant defences. the present tri-trophic study tested the hypothesis that si increases natural enemy attraction to pest-infested plants and improves biological control. cucumber plants treated with potassium silicate (si+) and untreated control plants (si-) were maintained in separately vented glasshouse compartments. y-tube olfactometer studies showed ... | 2010 | 19737442 |
| novel hydrazone derivatives containing pyridine amide moiety: design, synthesis, and insecticidal activity. | a series of novel hydrazone derivatives containing pyridine amide moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their insecticidal activity. bioassays indicated that some of the target compounds exhibited good insecticidal activities against nilaparvata lugens (n. lugens), plutella xylostella (p. xylostella), mythimna separata (m. separata), helicoverpa armigera (h. armigera), pyrausta nubilalis (p. nubilalis), and culex pipiens pallens (c. pipiens pallens). in particular, compound 5j rev ... | 2016 | 26832221 |
| synthesis and antiviral, insecticidal, and fungicidal activities of gossypol derivatives containing alkylimine, oxime or hydrazine moiety. | gossypol is a part of the cotton plant's defense system against pathogens and herbivorous insects. to discover gossypol analogs with broad spectrum and high activity, a series of gossypol alkylamine schiff base, oxime and hydrazone derivatives were synthesised and bioassayed. the biological results indicated that most of these derivatives exhibited higher anti-tmv activity than gossypol. interestingly, the activities of compounds 10, 15, 18, 20, 23 and 26 were much higher than that of ribavirin. ... | 2016 | 26337022 |
| modulatory effects of natural curcuminoids on p-glycoprotein atpase of insecticide-resistant pest helicoverpa armigera (lepidopetera: noctüidae). | three major curcuminoids (i, ii and iii) were purified from turmeric and tested for their ability to modulate the function of p-glycoprotein atpase of the insecticide-resistant pest helicoverpa armigera (ha-pgp). the curcumin mixture inhibited the activity of ha-pgp atpase by 80-90% at 100 μm concentration. along with curcuminoids i, ii and iii, it inhibited the verapamil- and ethylparaoxon-stimulated ha-pgp atpase activity. curcuminoid binding was quantitated by quenching the intrinsic trp fluo ... | 2010 | 20821002 |
| improving the application of vertebrate trait-based frameworks to the study of ecosystem services. | 1. examining the consequences of environmental change for the provision of ecosystem services can be facilitated through trait-based frameworks that consider linkages between traits that influence a species' response to change and traits that determine its effect on ecosystem services. 2. developing these frameworks requires a systematic approach to trait selection and addressing the interrelationships among the scale of the environmental change, area of ecosystem service provision and the most ... | 2012 | 22435774 |
| cysteine protease enhances plant-mediated bollworm rna interference. | oral ingestion of plant-expressed double stranded rna (dsrna) triggers target gene suppression in insect. an important step of this process is the transmission of dsrna from plant to midgut cells. insect peritrophic matrix (pm) presents a barrier that prevents large molecules from entering midgut cells. here, we show that uptake of plant cysteine proteases, such as ghcp1 from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and atcp2 from arabidopsis, by cotton bollworm (helicoverpa armigera) larvae resulted in atte ... | 2013 | 23460027 |
| mannose-binding lectin from yam (dioscorea batatas) tubers with insecticidal properties against helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the amino acid sequence of mannose-binding lectin, named db1, from the yam (dioscorea batatas, synonym dioscorea polystachya) tubers was determined. the lectin was composed of two isoforms db1(cys86) and db1(leu86) consisting of 108 amino acid residues with 90% sequence homology between them. db1 showed a high sequence similarity to snowdrop (galanthus nivalis) bulb lectin, gna; especially, the carbohydrate-binding sites of gna were highly conserved in db1. db1 interacted with d-mannose residues ... | 2009 | 19271711 |
| carbon dioxide receptor genes in cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera. | carbon dioxide (co2) is important in insect ecology, eliciting a range of behaviours across different species. interestingly, the numbers of co2 gustatory receptors (grs) vary among insect species. in the model organism drosophila melanogaster, two grs (dmelgr21a and dmelgr63a) have been shown to detect co2. in the butterfly, moth, beetle and mosquito species studied so far, three co2 gr genes have been identified, while in tsetse flies, four co2 gr genes have been identified. in other species i ... | 2015 | 25724420 |
| identification and characterization of a sex peptide receptor-like transcript from the western tarnished plant bug lygus hesperus. | lygus hesperus females exhibit a post-mating behavioural switch that triggers increased egg laying and decreased sexual interest. in drosophila melanogaster, these changes are controlled by sex peptide (sp) and the sex peptide receptor (dmspr). in helicoverpa armigera, spr (haspr) also regulates some post-mating behaviour; however, myoinhibiting peptides (mips) have been identified as the spr ancestral ligand, indicating that spr is a pleiotropic receptor. in the present study, we identified a t ... | 2014 | 24467643 |
| molecular cloning and mrna expression of a ryanodine receptor gene in the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | ryanodine receptors (ryrs) are the targets of novel diamide insecticides. the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera, is one of the most important cotton pests in the world. in this study, we report the full-length ryr cdna sequence (named as haryr) of h. armigera. the 16,083-bp contiguous sequence encoded 5, 142 amino acid residues, which shares 80% and 78% overall identities with its homologues in nilaparvata lugens (nlryr) and drosophila melanogaster (dmryr), respectively. all hallmarks of ryr ... | 2013 | 24267694 |
| functional impact of silencing the helicoverpa armigera sex-peptide receptor on female reproductive behaviour. | female helicoverpa armigera sex pheromone production is under the control of pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (pban). after mating, females undergo suppression of sex pheromone production and enhanced oviposition as a result of the transfer of male-derived seminal peptides. in a previous study we identified a putative h. armigera sex-peptide receptor (heasp-r) and demonstrated a significant up-regulation in gene expression levels of this receptor in brains and pheromone glands of m ... | 2012 | 22171674 |
| identification and differential expression of a sex-peptide receptor in helicoverpa armigera. | sex-pheromone production in the night flying female moth, helicoverpa armigera is under neuroendocrine control due to the timely release of pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (pban). males orient to the females by upwind anemotaxis which usually leads to a successful mating. during copulation insect males transfer seminal peptides, produced in male accessory glands (mags) which are implicated in post-mating behavioral changes of the females. these changes include the termination of p ... | 2011 | 21426940 |
| cloning and characterization of two campoletis chlorideae ichnovirus vankyrin genes expressed in parasitized host helicoverpa armigera. | polydnaviruses, symbionts of parasitic ichneumonid (ichnoviruses, ivs) and braconid (bracoviruses, bvs), are injected into hosts along with wasp eggs. within the host, pdv genes are expressed and their products function to alter lepidopteran host physiology and enable endoparasitoid development. in the present study, we describe two campoletis chlorideae ichnovirus (cciv) viral ankyrin (vankyrin) genes and their transcription. the cciv vankyrin genes possess ankyrin repeat domains that resemble ... | 2007 | 17512002 |
| female sex pheromone suppression and the fate of sex-peptide-like peptides in mated moths of helicoverpa armigera. | insect males produce accessory gland (mag) factors that are transferred in the seminal fluid to females during copulation, and elicit changes in the mated female's behavior and physiology. our previous studies showed that the injection of synthetic drosophila melanogaster sex-peptide (drmsp) into virgin females of the moth helicoverpa armigera causes a significant inhibition of pheromone production. in this and other moth species, pheromone production, correlated with female receptivity, is unde ... | 2007 | 17294422 |
| the presence of drosophila melanogaster sex peptide-like immunoreactivity in the accessory glands of male helicoverpa armigera. | in this study a highly specific polyclonal antibody to drmsp was produced and used to develop and standardize a sensitive direct elisa. structure-activity studies revealed that the antiserum is specific to the n-terminal of drmsp. this elisa was used for the detection of drmsp-like immunoreactivity in the reproductive tissues of male helicoverpa armigera moths at femtomole levels. two positive immunoreactive peaks were found in hplc purified extracts of male accessory glands. the immunoreactive ... | 2006 | 15019527 |
| inhibition of pheromone biosynthesis in helicoverpa armigera by pheromonostatic peptides. | male insect accessory glands contain factors that are transferred during mating to the female, some inducing post-mating behavior, including the cessation of pheromone production, non-receptivity and the initiation of oviposition. one such factor is the drosophila melanogaster sex-peptide (drmsp). a pheromone suppression peptide, termed hezpsp, was identified in the moth helicoverpa zea, isolated by hplc and the active peak sequenced, but the activity of the synthesized peptide has not been repo ... | 2003 | 12804716 |
| molecular cloning and genomic organization of an allatostatin preprohormone from drosophila melanogaster. | the insect allatostatins are neurohormones, acting on the corpora allata (where they block the release of juvenile hormone) and on the insect gut (where they block smooth muscle contraction). we screened the "drosophila genome project" database with electronic sequences corresponding to various insect allatostatins. this resulted in alignment with a dna sequence coding for some drosophila allatostatins (drostatins). using pcr with oligonucleotide primers directed against the presumed exons of th ... | 2000 | 10891383 |
| common functional elements of drosophila melanogaster seminal peptides involved in reproduction of drosophila melanogaster and helicoverpa armigera females. | sex peptide (sp) and ductus ejaculatorius peptide (dup) 99b are synthesized in the retrogonadal complex of adult male drosophila melanogaster, and are transferred in the male seminal fluid to the female genital tract during mating. they have been sequenced and shown to exhibit a high degree of homology in the c-terminal region. both affect subsequent mating and oviposition by female d. melanogaster. sp also increases in vitro juvenile hormone (jh) biosynthesis in excised corpora allata (ca) of d ... | 2006 | 10876124 |
| identification of novel serine proteinase gene transcripts in the midguts of two tropical insect pests, scirpophaga incertulas (wk.) and helicoverpa armigera (hb.). | we have used rt pcr and 3'race to identify diverse serine proteinase genes expressed in the midguts of the rice yellow stem borer (scirpophaga incertulas) and asian corn borer (helicoverpa armigera). the rt-pcr primers encoded the conserved regions around the active site histidine57 and serine195 of drosophila melanogaster alpha trypsin, including aspartate189 of the specificity pocket. these primers amplified three transcripts (sip1-3) from midguts of s. incertulas, and two transcripts (hap1-2) ... | 2000 | 10646971 |
| mobility of hat transposable elements in the old world bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | the p, hobo, hermes, minos and mariner transposable elements have been successfully used as gene vectors to achieve genetic transformation of drosophila melanogaster. the hobo transposable element of d. melanogaster, a member of the hat family of transposable elements, can also transpose in other dipteran species including the house fly musca domestica and the queensland fruit fly, bactrocera tryoni. another hat element, hermes, can also transpose in a wide range of insect species. we report her ... | 1996 | 8933173 |
| adaptation of habrobracon hebetor (hymenoptera: braconidae) to rearing on ephestia kuehniella (lepidoptera: pyralidae) and helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | food characteristics strongly regulate digestive enzymatic activity of insects through direct influences on their midgut mechanisms. insect performance is better on diets that contain nutrients in proportions that fit its digestive enzymes. little is known about the influences of rearing history on parasitism success of habrobracon hebetor say. this research focused on the effect of nutrient regulation on survival, development, and parasitism of h. hebetor. life history and digestive enzyme acti ... | 2016 | 26839317 |
| galactolipase, phospholipase and triacylglycerol lipase activities in the midgut of six species of lepidopteran larvae feeding on different lipid diets. | galactolipase, phospholipase and triacylglycerol lipase activities were measured from the midgut of six species of lepidopteran larvae, two folivores, epiphyas postvittana (tortricidae) and helicoverpa armigera (noctuidae); two granivores, plodia interpunctella (pyralidae) and ephestia kuehniella (pyrallidae); a presumptive carnivore, galleria mellonella (pyralidae); and a keratinophage, tineola bisselliella (tineidae). galactolipase has not been previously reported in insects. galactolipase and ... | 2011 | 21704634 |
| effect of host change on demographic fitness of the parasitoid, trichogramma brassicae. | trichogramma brassicae (bezdenko) is the most important species of trichogramma parasitoids in iran. the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (hubner) is a polyphagous insect pest that attacks many crops including cotton, maize, soybean, tomato, etc. the bollworm egg is a suitable target for many trichogramma species. factitious hosts such as eggs of the flour moth, anagasta kuehniella (zeller) and cereal moth, sitotroga cerealella (hubner) are used for mass rearing purposes. but a problem that ... | 2010 | 20673197 |
| new cell lines from ephestia kuehniella: characterization and susceptibility to baculoviruses. | new cell lines from embryos of ephestia kuehniella were recently developed. primary cultures were initiated in september 2002 from 2 to 4 day old eggs in either modified tc-100 or excell 400 medium. from these initial cultures, one, originally isolated in the ex-cell medium, produced sufficient cell growth to allow subcultivation and eventually led to the establishment of two cell strains, one that forms multicellular vesicles in suspension and one consisting of tightly attached epithelial-like ... | 2004 | 15861225 |
| effects of infected insects on secondary invasion of steinernematid entomopathogenic nematodes. | factors affecting 'invasion efficiency' of steinernematid entomopathogenic nematodes into hosts were elucidated. the phenomenon that only part (10-40%) of the nematode population invades the target host has been recorded in many studies. it has been mainly ascribed to differences in the ability of individual nematodes to infect. in the present study the effect of an infected host, the wax moth galleria mellonella, on subsequent infection of the entomopathogenic nematodes steinernema carpocapsae ... | 1997 | 9172429 |
| mitochondrial dna and trade data support multiple origins of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera, noctuidae) in brazil. | the old world bollworm helicoverpa armigera is now established in brazil but efforts to identify incursion origin(s) and pathway(s) have met with limited success due to the patchiness of available data. using international agricultural/horticultural commodity trade data and mitochondrial dna (mtdna) cytochrome oxidase i (coi) and cytochrome b (cyt b) gene markers, we inferred the origins and incursion pathways into brazil. we detected 20 mtdna haplotypes from six brazilian states, eight of which ... | 2017 | 28350004 |
| beauveria medogensis sp. nov., a new fungus of the entomopathogenic genus from china. | beauveria is among the most ubiquitous genera of entomopathogenic fungi throughout the world. a previously unknown species of the genus was recently discovered from a soil sample collected from tibetan plateau, china and is here described as new to science, b. medogensis sp. nov. the new species is distinguished from its closest relatives based on both morphological characterization and molecular phylogenetic analyses. beauveria medogensis is characterized by globose to subglobose conidia, morph ... | 2016 | 27449678 |
| bioefficacy and persistence of acephate in mungbean vigna radiata (l.) wilczek. | the bioefficacy, persistence and metabolism of foliar application of acephate 75 sp at the respective recommended and double doses of 1500 and 3000 g a.i. ha(-1) were studied on kharif mungbean crop. acephate gave a very effective control of the pod borer, helicoverpa armigera (hubner) at the tested doses on mungbean crop throughout the cropping season, besides recording lower percent pod damage and higher grain yield. the recommended dose of acephate also recorded higher net returns and thus in ... | 2016 | 27262970 |
| cross-species amplification and polymorphism of microsatellite loci in helicoverpa armigera and helicoverpa zea (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in brazilian cropping systems. | the old world bollworm helicoverpa armigera (hübner) was recently discovered in brazil. this species is closely related to the new world bollworm h. zea (boddie), and mating between these species has already been reported under laboratory conditions. here, we tested the cross-species amplification of 20 microsatellite (ssr) loci in field populations of h. armigera and h. zea collected from brazilian cropping systems. seven ssr loci were successfully amplified and polymorphic in both species exce ... | 2016 | 27173200 |
| insecticidal activity of a novel fatty acid amide derivative from streptomyces species against helicoverpa armigera. | helicoverpa armigera, an important pest causes serious damage to grain legumes. the main objective of this study was to isolate and identify the metabolite against h. armigera from a previously characterised streptomyces sp. cai-155. the culture filtrate of cai-155 was extracted using diaion hp-20 and the active fractions were fractionated on silica and c18 column chromatography. the c18 active fraction was further fractionated on silica gel 60 f254 thin layer chromatography (tlc). the most acti ... | 2016 | 26956775 |
| draft genome sequence of the paenibacillus sp. strain icgeb2008 (mtcc 5639) isolated from the gut of helicoverpa armigera. | paenibacillus sp. strain icgeb2008 (mtcc 5639) is a gram-positive cellulolytic bacterium, isolated from the gut of helicoverpa armigera. here, we report the draft genome sequence of paenibacillus sp. icgeb2008. the annotation of the ~5.7-mb sequence indicated a cluster of genes related to the glycosyl hydrolase family and the butanediol biosynthesis pathway. | 2013 | 23405362 |