| [molecular biology of sv 40, polyomavirus and adenovirus]. | | 1991 | 1650950 |
| preferential expression of the large hepatitis b virus surface antigen gene by an adenovirus-hepatitis b virus recombinant. | using an adenovirus-hepatitis b virus (hbv) recombinant, expression of the hbv surface antigen (hbsag) genes was examined in various cell lines using s1 nuclease mapping and radioimmunoassay. the steady-state level of the 2.4 kb rna encoding the large hbsag was much greater than, or the same as, that of the 2.0 kb rna, encoding the middle and major hbsags, in primate cells, but was negligible in non-primate cells, as is the case in most expression systems. according to the amount of 2.4 kb rna e ... | 1991 | 1651985 |
| [induction of unstable mutations in drosophila melanogaster by microinjection of oncogenic virus dna into the embryo polar plasma. insertional nature of mutations]. | we have demonstrated that mutations induced in drosophila melanogaster by the microinjections of adenovirus sa7 dna in early embryos are of insertional nature. the role of insertional elements is played by the drosophila transposons, but not by the virus dna. the ability of oncoviral dna to induce transpositions of mobile elements in recipient genome is the molecular basis of this system of genetic instability. | 1991 | 1652536 |
| establishment of a variety of human bone marrow stromal cell lines by the recombinant sv40-adenovirus vector. | various human bone marrow stromal cell lines were established from the adherent cell populations by introduction of the recombinant sv40-adenovirus vector with an infection or electric poration procedure. as compared with dna transfection, the vector introduction was able to immortalize the cells with more than 100 times higher efficiency. morphological and cytochemical analyses indicated that various cloned cell lines with different properties were isolated by the vector introduction. all the e ... | 1991 | 1652589 |
| vaccination of dogs with multi-component vaccines. | | 1991 | 1652929 |
| virus permeability of protective gloves used in medical practice. | from a large number of different kinds of protective gloves currently on the market, 19 were selected for virus permeability testing using a special model. most of the gloves tested offered poor mechanical protection against penetration of adenovirus and poliovirus, while vaccinia virus was found to traverse the gloves less freely. | 1991 | 1652967 |
| infection and inhibition of differentiation of human fetal skeletal myoblasts by adenovirus. | the effects of adenovirus type 5 infection on the differentiation of cultured human skeletal myoblasts and of myoblast differentiation on the replication of adenovirus were investigated. although infection of myoblasts concurrently with differentiation induction was inhibitory, myoblast differentiation was not impeded when infection was carried out 2 hr or later after induction. similar studies conducted with e1a mutant viruses (di312, pm975, and di1500) revealed that complete inhibition was dep ... | 1991 | 1653489 |
| identification and characterization of viral polypeptides from type-ii avian adenoviruses. | the polypeptides of serologically related viruses of hemorrhagic enteritis (he) in turkeys, marble spleen disease (msd) in pheasants, and splenomegaly in chickens (smc) were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and analyzed by protein immunoblotting with polyclonal antibodies to he virus (hev). the viral polypeptides ii, iii, iv, v, vi, and vii were detected on sds-page with the size range from 18 to 97 kda in hev. viral polypeptides ii, iii, v, vi, a ... | 1991 | 1654036 |
| in vivo expression of il-1 beta and il-6 genes during viral infections in human. | macrophage infiltration is a constant feature of human virus-infected tissues. however, the in situ functional status of these cells remains undetermined. in order to document an activation of macrophages in virus-infected tissues, the expression of il-1 beta and il-6 genes was analyzed using in situ hybridization. several tissues were studied, as well as infections induced by different viruses: lymph nodes infected by hiv-1 (9 cases) or ebv (one case), lungs infected by cmv (5 cases) or adenovi ... | 1991 | 1654144 |
| changes in lung mechanics and histamine responsiveness after sequential canine adenovirus 2 and canine parainfluenza 2 virus infection in beagle puppies. | we determined the effects of an immediately antecedent viral lower respiratory tract infection (lri) on the severity of clinical illness, changes in lung function and airway histamine responsiveness produced by a subsequent lri in 9-12 week old beagle puppies inoculated with canine adenovirus 2, followed in 2 weeks by inoculation with canine parainfluenza 2 virus (cav2-cp12, n = 7). we compared their acute responses to puppies infected with cp12 alone (n = 5), cav2 alone (n = 7), and no infectio ... | 1991 | 1654540 |
| isolation of adenovirus from lambs with upper respiratory syndrome. | the role of viruses in the etiology of recurrent upper respiratory disease in newly weaned lambs was studied during 1984-1985 at the north dakota sheep experiment station. serum samples collected from lambs at weaning, from lambs with signs of respiratory disease, and 3 weeks following the onset of clinical signs were tested for antibodies to ovine adenovirus (oav), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and parainfluenza type-3 virus (pi-3). virus isolation studies were performed on nasal secretion ... | 1991 | 1655060 |
| transcriptional repression by yy1, a human gli-krüppel-related protein, and relief of repression by adenovirus e1a protein. | a sequence within the transcription control region of the adeno-associated virus p5 promoter has been shown to mediate transcriptional activation by the adenovirus e1a protein. we report here that this same element mediates transcriptional repression in the absence of e1a. two cellular proteins have been found to bind to overlapping regions within this sequence element. one of these proteins, yy1, is responsible for the repression. e1a relieves repression exerted by yy1 and further activates tra ... | 1991 | 1655281 |
| inhibition of chromatin assembly in xenopus oocytes correlates with derepression of the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter. | the mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv) promoter is positively regulated by glucocorticoid hormone via binding of glucocorticoid receptor to a specific response element. upon addition of hormone, a nucleosome containing the glucocorticoid response element is removed or structurally altered, suggesting that the nucleosome interferes with transcription. accordingly, inhibition of chromatin assembly should relieve the repression and result in an increased constitutive activity. we have tested this hyp ... | 1991 | 1656227 |
| mutation of the aauaaa polyadenylation signal depresses in vitro splicing of proximal but not distal introns. | to investigate the relationship between splicing and polyadenylation during the production of vertebrate mrnas, we examined the effect of mutation of a poly(a) site on splicing of upstream introns. mutation of the aauaaa polyadenylation consensus sequence inhibited in vitro splicing of an upstream intron. the magnitude of the depression depended on the magnesium concentration. dependence of splicing on polyadenylation signals suggests the existence of interaction between polyadenylation and spli ... | 1991 | 1657710 |
| maternal-fetal transmission of siv in macaques: disseminated adenovirus infection in an offspring with congenital siv infection. | to develop a nonhuman primate model for maternal-fetal transmission of hiv infection, we have inoculated pregnant macaca nemestrina with uncloned sivmne. three animals inoculated during the third trimester delivered healthy infants. one of the three infants, a male born 31 days after the mother was inoculated with siv, became virus-positive but failed to produce siv-specific antibody and died with overt simian immunodeficiency and disseminated adenovirus (sv20) infection at age six and one-half ... | 1991 | 1658326 |
| antibody response to modified-live canine adenovirus vaccine in african hunting dogs (lycaon pictus). | nine hunting dogs were bled pre and post vaccination with modified-live virus vaccine. their antibody responses to canine adenovirus type 1 was measured by an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. the vaccine proved to be both effective and safe. | 1991 | 1659069 |
| pathogenesis of marble spleen disease in bursectomized and non-bursectomized ring-necked pheasants following oral inoculation with cell-culture-propagated virus. | seventy-two 13-week-old ring-necked pheasants were inoculated orally with 5.0 x 10(2) tissue-culture infective dose (tcid) of cell-culture-propagated marble spleen disease virus. inoculated birds exhibited neither mortality nor clinical disease. gross and histologic lesions were typical of marble spleen disease. the mean splenic weight was significantly (p less than 0.02) higher in inoculated birds than in controls between 6 and 10 days postinoculation (pi). the histologic splenic lesions, which ... | 1991 | 1659370 |
| peptide loading of empty major histocompatibility complex molecules on rma-s cells allows the induction of primary cytotoxic t lymphocyte responses. | the antigen processing-defective mutant cell line rma-s expresses at the cell surface major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules devoid of peptide that can be efficiently loaded with exogenous immunogenic peptides. we now report that viral peptide-loaded rma-s cells, unlike parental rma cells, can induce primary cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) responses in vitro, in a t helper cell-independent fashion. this was shown for an h-2kb-binding peptide of sendai virus nucleoprotein and an h- ... | 1991 | 1660811 |
| development of an immunocytochemical procedure to detect adenoviral antigens in chicken tissues. | an immunocytochemical technique utilizing an avidin-biotin peroxidase complex was developed to detect viral antigens in various tissues following oral administration of a locally isolated serotype 8 avian adenovirus (aav) in specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens. a strong color reaction was obtained with tissues from infected birds that contained a minimal amount of aav antigens as determined by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. no reaction was detected in sections of tissues obtain ... | 1991 | 1662080 |
| isolation and identification of adenovirus 127, the causative agent of egg drop syndrome (eds), from commercial laying hens in south africa. | a drop in egg production associated with loss of pigment and soft-shelled eggs was experienced on a farm in the western cape. investigations revealed high levels of antibodies against adenovirus 127, the causative agent of egg drop syndrome (eds) in chickens which were not vaccinated against eds. a cytopathic agent was subsequently isolated in chicken embryo liver cell cultures and identified as eds virus by haemagglutination inhibition and neutralization tests. | 1991 | 1664076 |
| virus-host studies in human seminal and mouse testicular cells. | virological studies were performed for male infertility and repeated abortions. it was found that in about 40% of infertile males infectious adeno- or herpes simplex virus is present in the semen, while the same viruses are present in 60% of the cells in a latent form. in the aborted fetuses the same viruses could be observed as in the father's cells. due to semen added to tissue cultures the latent presence also of other viruses could be supposed. the affinity of adeno- and herpes viruses to ur ... | 1991 | 1664628 |
| the influence of age on the response of ring-necked pheasants to infection with marble spleen disease virus. | ring-necked pheasants that were negative for maternal antibody against type ii avian adenoviruses were orally inoculated with 5.0 x 10(2) tissues-culture-infective doses of marble spleen disease (msd) virus at 1-week intervals through 6 weeks of age, and at 9 and 13 weeks of age. groups of four virus-inoculated birds and two control birds were necropsied at 4, 6, 8, and 10 days postinoculation, and the spleens were evaluated for gross and microscopic lesions. no lesions consistent with msd were ... | 1991 | 1664723 |
| [isolation of an adenovirus responsible for a case of pancreatitis in guinea fowl]. | necrotizing pancreatitis is observed in 2 to 4 week-old guinea poult. virus isolation was attempted from the pancreata of naturally affected birds. the isolate was identified as a type 1 adenovirus, and it reproduced the disease when inoculated to sensible guinea fowl. | 1991 | 1664998 |
| virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome following bone marrow transplantation. | multiple-organ infiltration by mature, benign erythrophagocytic histiocytes is the pathologic hallmark of the virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (vahs). although vahs has been described in a number of clinical settings, it has been reported following bone marrow transplantation (bmt) only once previously. our report identifies the clinical and laboratory features associated with vahs and compares the immune defects described in vahs with those known to occur following bmt. | 1991 | 1665315 |
| comparison of staphylococcal co-agglutination with other assays for rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infection in humans, calves and piglets. | co-agglutination was used for rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infection. staphylococcus aureus cowan i sensitized with rabbit antiserum to rotavirus demonstrated the presence of this virus in stools of children, calves and piglets with clinical signs of diarrhea. a total of 415 fecal samples were examined by the co-agglutination test and the results were compared with those of elisa, electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel and latex agglutination. the co-agglutination test, when compared to these thr ... | 1991 | 1666115 |
| [tropical conjunctivitis: infectious etiology and validation of its clinical features]. | 173 nontrachomatous conjunctivitis studied at the i.o.t.a. in bamako, mali, have shown a majority of bacterial aetiology, especially gram-negative. 1 out of 10 conjunctivitis was due to virus, mostly to adenovirus. 4% of the cases were due to chlamydia trachomatis. the try of validation of the clinical characters in comparison with the etiology has shown that chemosis was an indicator of a bacterial conjunctivitis (or = 2.4) and that the lack of purulent discharge was in connexion with the prese ... | 1991 | 1669652 |
| effects of antimetabolites on adenovirus replication in sensitive and resistant human melanoma cell lines. | methotrexate (mtx), 6-thioguanine (6-tg) and cytosine arabinoside (ara-c) inhibited the replication of adenovirus (viral capacity) more in drug-sensitive than in resistant human melanoma cell lines. by comparison, inhibition of cellular dna and rna synthesis after short treatment periods (less than 48 hr) was not a good predictor of cellular sensitivity. mtx, an inhibitor of de novo nucleotide synthesis, was most effective when added to cells just before infection with virus and inhibited viral ... | 1990 | 1689577 |
| construction of a recombinant adenovirus containing the denv gene from bacteriophage t4 which can partially restore the dna repair deficiency in xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts. | the denv gene from bacteriophage t4 encodes a pyrimidine dimer-specific endonuclease that has the capacity to initiate excision repair of dna. cells from excision repair-deficient xeroderma pigmentosum (xp) patients are able to carry out excision repair initiated by the denv gene product and introduction of the denv gene into xp cells results in the partial restoration of colony-forming ability after irradiation with uv light. in this work we have constructed a helper-independent recombinant hum ... | 1991 | 1704821 |
| suppression of adenovirus type 5 e1a-mediated transformation and expression of the transformed phenotype by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (cape). | viral transformation and dna-transfection assays were employed to investigate the differential toxic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (cape), an extract of the honeybee hive product propolis, on adenovirus type 5 (ad5)-transformed cloned rat embryo fibroblast (cref) cells. cape inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, both de novo and carcinogen-enhanced transformation of cref cells by h5hr1, the cold-sensitive (cs) host-range mutant of ad5. cape had a selective inhibitory effect on ad5-indu ... | 1991 | 1712205 |
| termination of transcription in an 'in vitro' system is dependent on a polyadenylation sequence. | using hela cell nuclear extract as a source of the different transcription and polyadenylation factors and reverse transcription to analyze the levels of rna 5' and 3' to the cleavage-polyadenylation site, an in vitro assay has been established to study polyadenylation coupled to transcription directed by different adenovirus promoters. the levels of transcription 5' and 3' to the cleavage site in the l3 polyadenylation region are practically the same as described previously, however, the level ... | 1991 | 1712938 |
| [the design and trial of conjugates for performing lanthanide immunofluorescence analysis]. | the possibility of using a number of complexons for labeling of antibodies to venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus and to adenovirus with europium ions was studied. the resultant conjugates, irrespective of the type of complexon, were shown to retain their immunochemical activity and could be used for lanthanide immunofluorescence analysis of virus-specific antigens. | 1991 | 1715628 |
| functional expression and rna binding analysis of the interferon-induced, double-stranded rna-activated, 68,000-mr protein kinase in a cell-free system. | eukaryotic viruses have devised numerous strategies to downregulate activity of the interferon-induced, double-stranded (dsrna)-activated protein kinase (referred to as p68 on the basis of its mr of 68,000 in human cells). viruses must exert this control to avoid extensive phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eif-2) by p68 and the resultant negative effects on protein synthesis initiation. to begin to define the molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation, ... | 1991 | 1717830 |
| ara-atp impairs 3'-end processing of pre-mrnas by inhibiting both cleavage and polyadenylation. | previous studies have demonstrated that ara-atp can inhibit poly(a) polymerase activity by competing with atp. to elucidate the mechanism of action of this compound, its effect on the cleavage and polyadenylation of two specific substrates, sv40l and adenovirus l3 pre-mrnas, was studied in hela nuclear extracts. unlike cordycepin 5' triphosphate, ara-atp inhibited both cleavage and poly(a) addition. addition of poly(a) polymerase fraction devoid of any other factors required for the processing r ... | 1991 | 1719481 |
| polyadenylation precedes splicing in vitro. | vertebrate premessenger rnas are usually spliced and polyadenylated. in vivo analysis of the relative kinetics of the two reactions is difficult. we have used in vitro processing systems to investigate the order of splicing and polyadenylation of chimeric precursor rnas containing a single intron and a poly(a) site. polyadenylated, but not spliced, intermediate rna appeared first and reached a low steady-state level early during incubation, properties consistent with its being a reaction interme ... | 1991 | 1726467 |
| the dna-binding domain of nuclear factor i is sufficient to cooperate with the adenovirus type 2 dna-binding protein in viral dna replication. | recombinant baculoviruses have been constructed which express the full-length nuclear factor i (nfi) protein or a derivative of nfi that contains only the dna-binding domain of the protein in infected insect cells. both proteins were purified from insect cells infected with the respective baculoviruses and tested for their ability to cooperate with the adenovirus type 2 (ad2) dna-binding protein during virus replication. dnase i protection experiments demonstrated that the viral dna-binding prot ... | 1991 | 1765770 |
| regulation of the extent of splicing of influenza virus ns1 mrna: role of the rates of splicing and of the nucleocytoplasmic transport of ns1 mrna. | influenza virus ns1 mrna is spliced by host nuclear enzymes to form ns2 mrna, and this splicing is regulated in infected cells such that the steady-state amount of spliced ns2 mrna is only about 10% of that of unspliced ns1 mrna. this regulation would be expected to result from a suppression in the rate of splicing coupled with the efficient transport of unspliced ns1 mrna from the nucleus. to determine whether the rate of splicing of ns1 mrna was controlled by trans factors in influenza virus-i ... | 1991 | 1824958 |
| specificity of the mouse cytotoxic t lymphocyte response to adenovirus 5. e1a is immunodominant in h-2b, but not in h-2d or h-2k mice. | the ag specificity and mhc restriction of the ctl response to adenovirus 5 (ad5) in three strains of mice, c57bl/10 (h-2b), balb/c (h-2d), and c3h/hej (h-2k), were tested. polyclonal ad5-specific ctl were prepared by priming mice in vivo with live ad5 virus followed by secondary in vitro stimulation of the spleen cells with virus-infected syngeneic cells. the ad5-specific ctl were db restricted in c57bl/10 and kk restricted in c3h/hej. in balb/c mice both kd- and dd/ld-restricted ctl were detect ... | 1991 | 1827819 |
| the e1b 19,000-molecular-weight protein of group c adenoviruses prevents tumor necrosis factor cytolysis of human cells but not of mouse cells. | tumor necrosis factor (tnf) is a multifunctional immunoregulatory protein that is secreted by activated macrophages and is believed to have antiviral activities. we reported earlier that when mouse c3ha fibroblasts are infected with human adenoviruses, the 289r and 243r proteins encoded by region e1a render the cells susceptible to lysis by tnf, and a 14,700-molecular-weight protein (14.7k protein) encoded by region e3 protects the cells against lysis by tnf. we now report that the 19,000-molecu ... | 1991 | 1827845 |
| the 10,400- and 14,500-dalton proteins encoded by region e3 of adenovirus function together to protect many but not all mouse cell lines against lysis by tumor necrosis factor. | we have reported that the e3 14,700-dalton protein (e3 14.7k protein) protects adenovirus-infected mouse c3ha fibroblasts against lysis by tumor necrosis factor (tnf) (l. r. gooding, l. w. elmore, a. e. tollefson, h. a. brady, and w. s. m. wold, cell 53:341-346, 1988). we have also observed that the e1b 19k protein protects adenovirus-infected human but not mouse cells against tnf lysis (l. r. gooding, l. aquino, p. j. duerksen-hughes, d. day, t. m. horton, s. yei, and w. s. m. wold, j. virol. 6 ... | 1991 | 1830111 |
| e1a induces phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein independently of direct physical association between the e1a and retinoblastoma products. | we have studied the initial effects of adenovirus e1a expression on the retinoblastoma (rb) gene product in normal quiescent cells. although binding of the e1a products to prb could, in theory, make prb phosphorylation unnecessary for cell cycle progression, we have found that the 12s wild-type e1a product is capable of inducing phosphorylation of prb in normal quiescent cells. the induction of prb phosphorylation correlates with e1a-mediated induction of p34cdc2 expression and kinase activity, ... | 1991 | 1830128 |
| a mutant of canine adenovirus type 2 with a duplication of the e1a region exhibits altered expression of early region 4. | the genomic dna of a vaccine strain of canine adenovirus type 2 (vaxitas; ici tasman) has been shown to contain two copies of the e1a region, the second being at the far right end of the genome. dna sequence analysis of the right terminal 2.8 kbp of this vaccine strain showed that numerous point mutations have occurred in the second copy, which would preclude the synthesis of any functional products. however, expression vectors in which the e1a promoter from the right terminus were linked to the ... | 1991 | 1832708 |
| adenovirus e1a activation domain binds the basic repeat in the tata box transcription factor. | the adenovirus large e1a protein is a potent activator of transcription. we use several different experimental approaches to demonstrate that the large e1a protein binds specifically and stably to the tata box-binding factor (tfiid), the general polymerase ii transcription factor that initiates assembly of transcription complexes. sedimentation velocity centrifugation revealed that tfiid and e1a form a heterodimer in vitro. we demonstrate that the activation domain of e1a (conserved region 3) bi ... | 1991 | 1833071 |
| transcription stimulation of the adenovirus type-12 e1a gene in vitro by a novel factor bound to a region adjacent to a tata box. | the e1a gene of adenovirus (ad) type-12 possesses two transcription start points (tsp) separated by 139 nucleotides (nt). we previously found that transcription from a tsp distal to the coding region is preferentially stimulated in a cell-free reaction by nuclear factor i (nf-i) bound to a region near the left end of the virus genome. we report here on the identification of a cis-acting dna region and a trans-acting factor for transcription initiated at the proximal tsp of the ad12 e1a gene. a d ... | 1991 | 1837279 |
| early region 4 sequence and biological comparison of two isolates of mouse adenovirus type 1. | the dna sequence of 88-100 map units of mouse adenovirus type 1 (mav-1) was determined. one translational open reading frame showed 48% sequence similarity to a human adenovirus type 2 early region 4 protein. based on the protein similarity, genome location, and transcriptional polarity, we concluded that this region of mav-1 corresponds to early region 4. a 241-bp sequence consisting of 10 imperfect direct repeats with sequence similarity to minisatellite dna was found in this region. two virus ... | 1991 | 1845825 |
| identification of an immunodominant cytotoxic t-lymphocyte recognition site in glycoprotein b of herpes simplex virus by using recombinant adenovirus vectors and synthetic peptides. | cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) responses to herpes simplex virus (hsv) polypeptides play an important role in recovery from infection and in preventing latency. we have previously shown that glycoprotein b (gb) is a major target recognized by hsv-specific ctls in c57bl/6 (h-2b) and balb/c (h-2d) mice but not in cba/j (h-2k) mice (l. a. witmer, k. l. rosenthal, f. l. graham, h. m. friedman, a. yee, and d. c. johnson, j. gen. virol. 71:387-396, 1990). in this report, we utilize adenovirus vectors ex ... | 1991 | 1847447 |
| a mouse model for investigating the molecular pathogenesis of adenovirus pneumonia. | intranasal inoculation of type 5 adenovirus (ad5) produced pneumonia in mice even though the virus did not replicate. to induce the pneumonia, however, a large viral infectious dose was required--i.e., 10(10) plaque-forming units. four strains of inbred mouse were studied (c57bl/6n, c57bl/10scn, cba/n, and c3h/n): all showed similar inflammatory responses, although the greatest infiltration occurred in the c57bl/6n mice. the pathological response to ad5 infection resembled that previously descri ... | 1991 | 1848005 |
| pathogenesis of an acute viral hepatitis: inclusion body hepatitis in the chicken. | the pathogenesis of inclusion body hepatitis was studied following the oral administration of a serotype 8 strain of avian adenovirus into 2-day-old specific pathogen free chickens. viral antigens were detected in tissues at various times post inoculation (pi) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by immunocytochemistry. viral antigens were detected in intestinal epithelium from 12h to 13 days pi and in the plasma fraction of blood by 24 h pi. a biphasic, cell-free viremia with peaks at 2 and ... | 1991 | 1848068 |
| interaction of nuclear factor ef-1a with the polyomavirus enhancer region. | enhancer factor 1a (ef-1a) is a mammalian nuclear protein that previously was shown to bind cooperatively to the repeated core enhancer element i sequence in the adenovirus e1a enhancer region. we now have characterized three binding sites for ef-1a in the polyomavirus a2 (py) enhancer region. site 1 resides in the py a enhancer domain, and sites 2 and 3 reside in the py b enhancer domain. ef-1a binding to py site 1 is independent of cooperation with other ef-1a sites or the adjacent binding sit ... | 1991 | 1848308 |
| suppressive effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on herpes simplex virus infectivity in vitro. | delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (thc) was found to reduce the infectivity of herpes simplex virus and was without effect against adenovirus type 2 or poliovirus. the effective thc concentration resulting in an 80% decrement in virus viability was dependent upon the presence or absence of serum in the incubation mixture, as a 5% serum concentration decreased the drug activity by approximately 50-fold. thc-mediated inactivation of herpes simplex virus was both time and dose dependent and did not resu ... | 1991 | 1848937 |
| adenovirus e1b 19-kilodalton protein overcomes the cytotoxicity of e1a proteins. | infection with adenovirus mutants carrying either point mutations or deletions in the coding region for the 19-kda e1b gene product (19k protein) causes degradation of host cell and viral dnas (deg phenotype) and enhanced cytopathic effect (cyt phenotype). therefore, one function of the e1b 19k protein is to protect nuclear dna integrity and preserve cytoplasmic architecture during productive adenovirus infection. when placed in the background of a virus incapable of expressing a functional e1a ... | 1991 | 1851867 |
| the causes of hospital-treated acute lower respiratory tract infection in children. | to determine the etiologic agents in children with acute lower respiratory infection. | 1991 | 1852095 |
| [immunosuppression induced by respiratory viruses (influenza virus, adenovirus) in mice]. | the influence of respiratory viruses (adenovirus, influenza virus) on humoral immune response to heterologous t-dependent and t-independent antigens was studied. it was shown that inoculation of mice by the influenza virus (a/pr8/34-a/pr/8) 3 days before sheep red blood cells administration led to the inhibition of antibody forming cell (afc) and immunoglobulin, forming cell (ifc) increase on 69% and 59% respectively. adenovirus type 6 induced the similar suppression of afc and ifc formation. th ... | 1991 | 1878568 |
| protein-priming of dna replication. | | 1991 | 1883199 |
| transcription from the adenovirus major late promoter uses redundant activating elements. | the adenovirus major late promoter (mlp) has been analyzed by constructing recombinant viral genomes containing mutations in possible promoter elements. single base pair changes in the tata box had no effect on viral replication, and mlp expression, as measured by the accumulation of late mrnas, was at wild type levels. however, a double mutation in the tata box reduced viral replication and mlp expression, demonstrating that the tata box is important, although not essential, for maximal activit ... | 1991 | 1915301 |
| dna template effect on rna splicing: two copies of the same gene in the same nucleus are processed differently. | many cellular and viral genes are parts of complex transcription units containing multiple splicing choices. during the course of an adenoviral replicative cycle, different spliced versions of a single gene predominate, depending on the stage of infection. this is true for several adenoviral genes. in this paper we show for the viral e1b transcription unit that splice site usage regulates this process. the change in alternative splicing in this system does not depend on the sequence of the trans ... | 1991 | 1915302 |
| adenovirus virus-associated rna and translation control. | | 1991 | 1920611 |
| the amino terminus of the adenovirus fiber protein encodes the nuclear localization signal. | using a recombinant vaccinia virus vector, the fiber protein from adenovirus serotype 2 has been expressed in human cells; the protein expressed was correctly assembled into trimers, glycosylated, and transported to the nucleus. deletion of amino acids 2-5 (krar) resulted in accumulation of fiber in the cytoplasm; fusion of the sequence tkrvrl, found at the beginning of ad7 fiber, to the n-terminus of this mutant restored correct targeting. changing the charge of amino acids 91 and 92 within ano ... | 1991 | 1962447 |
| pathogenesis of gut virus infection. | in summary, the pathogenesis of many gut virus infections remains uncertain. however, human and animal studies indicate that the majority of gut viruses infect villous enterocytes. viruses appear to have different affinities for enterocytes at different sites on the villus. infection of enterocytes leads to cell death, extrusion into the lumen, and villous atrophy when the rate of cell production in the crypts cannot keep pace with the rate of enterocyte loss. this results in a reduced surface a ... | 1990 | 1962725 |
| changes in lung mechanics and reactivity with age after viral bronchiolitis in beagle puppies. | we measured changes with growth in lung function and airway reactivity after acute canine parainfluenza virus type 2 (cpi2, n = 5), canine adenovirus type 2 (cav2, n = 7), and sequential cav2-cpi2 (n = 6) infections or no infection (controls, n = 6) in beagle puppies (age approximately 79 days). in the cpi2 and cav2 groups, a lower respiratory illness developed by day 3 postinfection with clinical recovery by day 14. in the cav2-cpi2 group, puppies were inoculated initially with cav2 and 12 days ... | 1990 | 1963888 |
| simian virus 40 apes cellular processes. molecular biology of sv40, polyoma and adenoviruses sponsored by cold spring harbor laboratory, cold spring harbor, ny, usa, august 15-19, 1990. | | 1990 | 1965147 |
| silencing of human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat expression by an adenovirus e1a mutant. | | 1990 | 1965157 |
| [viral infections associated with intestinal invagination]. | intestinal invagination is rather frequently associated with local tumors, adenovirus infections, and occasionally with yersinia enterocolitica. however, in many cases the etiology is not known. we have studied 88 children with intestinal invagination in whom cellular cultures of hep 2 and pulmonary fibroblasts of human embryo have been inoculated with a fecal sample. the clinical reports have been reviewed retrospectively. in 19 patients (21.59%) we obtained an adenovirus and in 12 patients (13 ... | 1990 | 1967100 |
| in vivo polyclonal b-lymphocyte activation elicited by murine viruses. | viruses such as lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus and adenovirus induce in vivo a polyclonal activation of murine b lymphocytes, followed by a marked increase in the production of immunoglobulin g2a (igg2a). the role of t lymphocytes in this phenomenon was studied by injection of an anti-cd4 monoclonal antibody able to inhibit the t-helper function. this treatment profoundly depressed the production of igg2a, whereas it had no effect on the proliferation of b cells. activated b cells obtaine ... | 1990 | 1976818 |
| [virologic diagnosis of ocular infections]. | viral infections of the anterior part of the eye are easy to diagnose as a rule: the inoculation of cell cultures with specimens collected on readily accessible and virus-rich lesions facilitates the isolation of adenoviridae, picornaviridae and herpesviridae responsible for these lesions. viral infections of the posterior part of the eye are a different matter, and they require more complex and also more invasive investigation techniques. yet an aetiological research is necessary: since effecti ... | 1991 | 2008580 |
| adenovirus-mediated transfer of a recombinant alpha 1-antitrypsin gene to the lung epithelium in vivo. | the respiratory epithelium is a potential site for somatic gene therapy for the common hereditary disorders alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1at) deficiency and cystic fibrosis. a replication-deficient adenoviral vector (ad-alpha 1at) containing an adenovirus major late promoter and a recombinant human alpha 1at gene was used to infect epithelial cells of the cotton rat respiratory tract in vitro and in vivo. freshly isolated tracheobronchial epithelial cells infected with ad-alpha 1at contained human ... | 1991 | 2017680 |
| origin of adeno-associated virus dna replication is a target of carcinogen-inducible dna amplification. | dna amplification of the helper-dependent parvovirus aav (adeno-associated virus) can be induced by a variety of genotoxic agents in the absence of coinfecting helper virus. here we investigated whether the origin of aav type 2 dna replication cloned into a plasmid is sufficient to promote replication activity in cells treated by the carcinogen n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng). a puc19-based plasmid, designated pa2y1, which contains the left terminal repeat sequences (trs) representin ... | 1991 | 2033669 |
| inverted repeats direct repair of adenovirus minichromosome ends. | adenovirus dna initiates strand-displacement replication from origins located in identical inverted terminal repetitions (itrs). panhandle structures, formed by base pairing between itrs on the displaced strands, have been proposed as replication intermediates for complementary strand synthesis. we have used a model system, which separates adenovirus replication origin sequences from those involved in panhandle formation, to study the length and sequence integrity of panhandles. by making a seri ... | 1991 | 2053294 |
| interactions between the adenovirus type 2 dna polymerase and the dna binding domain of nuclear factor i. | the adenovirus origin of dna replication is located within the terminal 51 bp of the viral genome and contains three recognizable domains: the minimal origin or "core" and binding sites for the cellular transcription factors nfi (ctf) and nfiii (oct-1, otf-i). in vivo assays with a series of plasmids containing insertions between the "core" and nfi binding site revealed that a strict spatial arrangement of the nfi binding site relative to the "core" was required for efficient dna replication. to ... | 1990 | 2088500 |
| a novel effect of adenovirus va rna1 on cytoplasmic mrna abundance. | adenovirus va rna1 is a small rna polymerase iii transcript that enhances mrna translation both in transfected cells and during a lytic virus infection. here we present evidence that va rna1 also, in length-dependent manner, increases cytoplasmic mrna abundance in transient expression assays in 293 cells. | 1990 | 2106186 |
| enhancement of viral and dna mediated transformation of cloned rat embryo fibroblast cells by 3-aminobenzamide. | we have analyzed the effect of the poly(adp-ribose) synthesis inhibitor 3 aminobenzamide (3ab) on de novo and methyl methanesulfonate (mms) and gamma irradiation enhancement of viral transformation of a cloned rat embryo fibroblast cell line, cref, by a cold-sensitive host-range mutant of type 5 adenovirus, h5hr1. additionally, we have evaluated the effect of 3ab on the transformation of cref cells following transfection with a gene conferring resistance to hygromycin (hygr) or the neomycin anal ... | 1990 | 2123109 |
| cis effect of the type 5 adenovirus e1a gene enhancer element on cellular transformation. | mutants of type 5 adenovirus that lack all or part of the early region 1a (e1a) gene enhancer element transform rodent embryo fibroblast (cref) cells at higher efficiencies than wild-type virus. an analysis of viral e1a cytoplasmic mrna levels in mutant and wild-type virus-infected cref cells revealed no differences in the levels of the e1a mrnas. this implies that a decrease in the rate of viral e1a gene expression was not responsible for the transforming properties of the enhancer-less viruses ... | 1990 | 2137130 |
| induction of sensitivity to the cytotoxic action of tumor necrosis factor alpha by adenovirus e1a is independent of transformation and transcriptional activation. | we have previously shown that expression of the adenovirus e1a 12s or 13s products in nih 3t3 fibroblasts induces susceptibility to the cytotoxic actions of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf alpha). a large number of studies have mapped the multiple biological functions of the 12s and 13s products to three highly conserved regions (cr) within the e1a sequence. here we used plasmids coding for e1a deletion and point mutants in these regions to generate target cell lines for tnf alpha cytotoxicity ... | 1990 | 2143540 |
| synergy between hiv-1 tat and adenovirus e1a is principally due to stabilization of transcriptional elongation. | we studied the combined effects of tat and general trans-activators, such as e1a and phorbol esters, on human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv-1) gene expression. interaction between these two types of trans-activators may be involved in the transition from transcriptional quiesence during viral latency to active gene expression during productive infection. e1a cooperated with tat to produce a fourfold greater increase in accumulation of full-length, cytoplasmic hiv-1-directed rna than is expected ... | 1990 | 2149119 |
| inhibition of adenovirus replication by the e1a antisense transcript initiated from hsp70 and va-1 promoters. | the e1a region of the adenoviral genome, important for initiation of virus infection and activation of other viral genes, was chosen as a target for engineering antisense rna (asrna) to inhibit adenovirus 5 (ad5) replication in cos-1 cell culture in vitro. the hsp70 promoter, taken from the appropriate heat-shock-protein gene of drosophila melanogaster, and the va-1 rna promoter, derived from the ad5 gene coding for low-molecular-mass va-1 rna and recognized by rna polymerase iii were used as re ... | 1990 | 2151750 |
| rapid quantitation of dna spot hybridization by flatbed scintillation counting. | the flatbed scintillation counting system (betaplate) was used for quantitative measurement of the radioactive hybridization signal in detection of adenovirus and papillomavirus dna in clinical specimens. in this method, 96 samples on a nylon membrane can be handled as a single entity throughout the hybridization and counting procedure. the technique is sensitive, rapid, and convenient in routine use when compared with conventionally applied methods for the numerical analysis of hybridization re ... | 1990 | 2153699 |
| analysis of adenovirus early and late gene expression in cultured epidermal keratinocytes. | previous studies have shown that expression of adenovirus type 2 (ad2) is restricted in epidermal keratinocytes in what appears to be a differentiation specific manner. we have analyzed the relationship between keratinocyte differentiation and ad2 early and late gene expression. cultured epidermal keratinocytes infected with ad2 were fractionated in density gradients of ficoll 400 to enrich for populations of nondifferentiated cells and differentiated cells. analysis of these populations reveale ... | 1990 | 2153732 |
| a viral infection causing cytomegalic inclusion disease in the renal epithelium of the platypus (ornithorhynchus anatinus). | cytomegaly and intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in the renal collecting duct epithelium in three of four wild caught platypuses (ornithorhynchus anatinus) from new south wales using light and electron microscopy during routine pathological studies. non-enveloped, spherical virions measuring about 80 nm in diameter were present in the nucleus and cytoplasm of affected cells as well as in the lumen of the renal tubule. a single enveloped virion measuring about 150 nm in diameter was fou ... | 1990 | 2154629 |
| cytotoxic t lymphocytes specific for herpes simplex virus (hsv) studied using adenovirus vectors expressing hsv glycoproteins. | in previous work, we observed that h-2k-restricted herpes simplex virus (hsv)-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) were effectively able to lyse transfected target cells expressing hsv glycoprotein c (gc), but not cells expressing gb, gd or ge. to confirm and extend our observations on the specificity of anti-hsv ctls, recombinant adenovirus (ad) vectors able to express hsv-1 gb or gc (adgb2 or adgc) were constructed. syngeneic target cells infected with adgb2 were efficiently lysed by primar ... | 1990 | 2155292 |
| resistance of human cells to the adenovirus e3 effect on class i mhc antigen expression. implications for antiviral immunity. | group c human adenovirus (ad) serotypes (e.g., ad2 and ad5) cause persistent infections in man. one proposed mechanisms to explain human adenovirus persistence is an ineffective ctl response due to reduced cell surface expression of class i mhc ag on virally infected cells, an effect mediated by the 19-kda glycoprotein encoded by ad early region 3 (e3). in the present study, the generality of this phenomenon was tested by analyzing e3 19-kda glycoprotein down-regulation of cell surface class 1 m ... | 1990 | 2156934 |
| propagation of group ii avian adenoviruses in turkey and chicken leukocytes. | an avirulent hemorrhagic enteritis virus isolate (hev-a) as well as a virulent one (hev-v), both belonging to the group ii avian adenoviruses, were successfully propagated in turkey leukocyte cell cultures. hev antigens were detected as early as 12 hr after infection of the cells, using hev-specific monoclonal antibodies in a fluorescent antibody test, and virus particles were observed by electron microscopy in the nuclei of infected cells at 18 to 24 hr after infection. electron microscopy reve ... | 1990 | 2157387 |
| efficacy of avirulent hemorrhagic enteritis virus propagated in turkey leukocyte cultures for vaccination against hemorrhagic enteritis in turkeys. | avirulent hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev-a) propagated in turkey leukocyte cell culture was tested as a vaccine to prevent hemorrhagic enteritis (he) in turkeys in experimental and field trials. immunization of turkeys with live hev-a resulted in protection against a challenge with virulent hev (hev-v) as measured by the serological response and the absence of clinical disease and hev antigen in spleens. in field trials, 19 out of 20 flocks seroconverted within 21 days after vaccination with l ... | 1990 | 2157395 |
| pathology of experimentally induced quail bronchitis. | bobwhite quails (colinus virginianus) were inoculated with 10(6) mean tissue-culture infective dose of quail bronchitis virus at 1, 3, 6, or 9 weeks of age by intratracheal, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous routes. quails developed necrotizing tracheitis, proliferative and necrotizing bronchitis and pneumonia; multifocal necrotizing hepatitis; necrotizing splenitis, with or without hyperplasia of splenic mononuclear phagocytes; bursal lymphoid necrosis; and bursal atrophy. lesions were more exte ... | 1990 | 2157396 |
| in situ hybridization studies for viral nucleic acids in heart and lung allograft biopsies. | in situ hybridization has been shown to be a useful technique for the identification of specific viruses in pathologic tissues. the authors studied 313 lung and 164 heart biopsies from 20 heart-lung recipients to assess its utility in this clinical setting, employing biotinylated probes for the cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, and adenovirus genomes. twenty-five lung biopsies and one heart biopsy had detectable cytomegalovirus dna by in situ hybridization. as compared to histopathology, in situ ... | 1990 | 2158226 |
| respiratory virus infection of monolayer cultures of human nasal epithelial cells. | the effect on nasal epithelial cells in monolayer cultures of infection with rhinovirus, coronavirus 229e, influenza type a, and adenovirus was studied. fragments (1 x 2 mm) of epithelium with adherent submucosa from nasal polyps, adenoids, or nasal turbinates were cultured in plastic dishes with media containing a serum supplement. within a week a monolayer of epithelial cells with interspersed ciliated cells surrounded each fragment. epithelial monolayers were exposed to 10(3) to 10(4) tcid50/ ... | 1990 | 2158258 |
| estramustine phosphate reversibly inhibits an early stage during adenovirus replication. | estramustine phosphate, an estradiol-mustard conjugate, was shown to reversibly inhibit a stage during the first hour of productive adenovirus 2 infection of hela cells. this drug, employed in the therapy of advanced prostatic cancer, specifically interacts with microtubule-associated proteins (maps) of the cytoskeleton. the results obtained under physiological conditions in vivo suggest a maps-interference with the microtubule-mediated vectorial migration of the virus inoculum to the nucleus. v ... | 1990 | 2158288 |
| disseminated adenovirus infection with hepatic necrosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and other immunodeficiency states. | disseminated adenovirus infection with fatal hepatic necrosis has been reported in 16 patients, 15 of whom had immunocompromising conditions. herein we report three patients with aids and fatally disseminated adenovirus infection with hepatic necrosis. the median age of these 16 patients was 4.7 years, and their illness was characterized by fever (13 of 16 patients), coagulopathy (10 of 16), lower respiratory tract disease (10 of 16), and gastrointestinal hemorrhage (five of 16) in addition to c ... | 1990 | 2158668 |
| papular and papulovesicular acrolocated eruptions and viral infections. | twenty-six children with a symmetric papular or papulovesicular acrolocated eruption were studied to evaluate a possible link with viral infection. a history of a recent immunization was present in four patients, two of whom had a polio vaccine virus isolated from their stool samples. there was serologic evidence of a recent epstein-barr virus infection in one patient, adenovirus infection in another, a concurrent epstein-barr virus and adenovirus infection in a third, and cytomegalovirus infect ... | 1990 | 2160656 |
| viral pneumonia in recipients of solid organ transplants. | viral pulmonary infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients. the herpes viruses-cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, and epstein-barr virus--cause most of the viral infections in this population. respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, and human immunodeficiency virus also cause pneumonitis in the transplant recipient. differences in the clinical and laboratory presentation of pneumonitis due to the various viral agents ... | 1990 | 2160718 |
| sarcoidosis and infections by human lymphotropic viruses. | in sera of 38 patients with sarcoidosis, assayed for antiviral antibody to rubella, measles, cytomegalovirus (cmv), adenovirus, epstein-barr virus (ebv), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), different incidence of seropositivity have been found, according to the virus assayed. interestingly all patients were seropositive to rubella virus with high titres compared to data obtained from normal age matched population. these data indicate that in sarcoidosis an altered antibody response of post-prima ... | 1990 | 2161122 |
| avian adenovirus isolated from pigeons affected with inclusion body hepatitis. | avian adenoviruses were isolated from two pigeons affected with inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) by using chicken embryo liver cell cultures. one of the isolates, designated strain s-pl1, replicated in the cell nuclei forming intranuclear inclusion bodies, showed adenovirus-like morphology by electron microscopy, and cross-reacted serologically with strain sr-48 known as serotype 2 of fowl adenovirus. the strain s-pl1 killed day-old chicks by subcutaneous inoculation, and its 50% chicken lethal do ... | 1990 | 2161475 |
| serological, bacteriological and clinical observations on an outbreak of canine infectious tracheobronchitis in norway. | during the autumn of 1988 an outbreak of canine infectious tracheobronchitis, which seemed to be more infectious than usual, occurred throughout scandinavia. paired serum samples and bacterial swabs were collected from 52 dogs with clinical signs of infectious tracheobronchitis in three districts of norway. the results revealed a fourfold or greater rise in the titre of antibodies against canine parainfluenza virus in 79 per cent of the cases, strongly suggesting that the virus was of aetiologic ... | 1990 | 2161580 |
| adeno-like virus in esophageal and tracheal mucosa of a jackson's chameleon (chamaeleo jacksoni). | | 1990 | 2162092 |
| development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect and quantify adenovirus in chicken tissues. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect and quantify avian adenovirus (aav) in various chicken tissues, including blood. a positive elisa absorbance value was obtained with suspensions of infected liver tissue that contained less than 100 mean tissue-culture infective doses per gram. a positive correlation was observed between the absorbance values and titer of infectious virus in infected liver tissue. a group-specific antigen common to the 12 serotypes of ... | 1990 | 2164383 |
| a double-antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of turkey hemorrhagic enteritis virus antibody and antigen. | a highly sensitive and specific double-antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is described for the detection of antigen and antibody of turkey hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev). the assay utilizes a virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab) to capture the antigen and turkey antiserum against hev as the second antibody. microtiter plates were first coated with a dilution of 1:3000 of the mab (300 ng immunoglobulin/well) and are used for detection of both antigen and antibody. for a ... | 1990 | 2164392 |
| evaluation of an intravenous immunoglobulin preparation for the prevention of viral infection among hospitalized low birth weight infants. | an intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) preparation was evaluated prospectively in hospitalized low birth weight infants for the prevention of respiratory virus infection. premature neonates were evaluated from october 19, 1987, through july 31, 1988. nasopharyngeal secretions were cultured weekly for viruses and clinical information was obtained daily on each infant. ninety-one infants with birth weights between 500 and 1750 g were randomized to receive either ivig, 500 mg/kg (46 infants), or 5% a ... | 1990 | 2164655 |
| herpes simplex virus igg fc receptors induced using recombinant adenovirus vectors expressing glycoproteins e and i. | evidence has been presented that herpes simplex virus (hsv) immunoglobulin (igg) fc receptors are composed of a complex of two glycoproteins, ge and gi. in previous studies, cells infected with hsv-1 mutants lacking either ge or gi bound lower levels of soluble igg than cells infected with wild-type viruses suggesting that both ge and gi were required for igg binding. we have reevaluated the fc receptor activity of these mutants using a more sensitive assay involving igg-coated erythrocytes and ... | 1990 | 2164721 |
| severe chronic active epstein-barr virus infection syndrome and adenovirus type-2 infection. | four patients from 4 to 24 years of age (3 males, 1 female) with generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and intermittent fever associated with chronic active epstein-barr virus (ebv) infection were investigated. laboratory data showed polyclonal gammopathy and a tendency for bone marrow suppression. noteworthy were the extremely elevated immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody titers to epstein-barr viral capsid antigen (vca) (range, 10,240-81,920) and early antigen (ea) (range, 1,280-40,960). ... | 1990 | 2165745 |
| other common types of viral hepatitis and exotic infections. | this chapter discusses two distinct sets of viruses which cause hepatitis. the first include common virus infections which cause mild hepatitis rarely in individuals with normal immunity but which may cause severe life-threatening hepatitis in the increasing number of patients with depressed cell mediated immune responses. the second comprise exotic virus infections which are prevalent in particular geographical areas and which frequently involve the liver with high mortality. for each of these ... | 1990 | 2165845 |
| laboratory identification of adenoviruses associated with gastroenteritis in canada from 1983 to 1986. | a retrospective analysis of adenovirus serotypes associated with gastroenteritis involved the examination of 143 stool specimens collected between 1983 and 1986 from symptomatic patients whose stools were positive for adenovirus by electron microscopy. the virus isolates obtained from 140 of the specimens were typed according to the smai cleavage pattern of the viral dna and by neutralization with specific antisera. the predominant types were adenovirus type 31 (ad31) (18%), ad40 (16.9%), and ad ... | 1990 | 2166087 |
| inhibition of simian varicella virus infection of monkeys by 1-(2-deoxy-2- fluoro-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-ethyluracil (feau) and synergistic effects of combination with human recombinant interferon-beta. | 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-ethyluracil (feau) has been shown to be a highly effective inhibitor of simian varicella virus infection in african green monkeys. administration of feau by either intravenous injection or gavage at doses as low as 1 mg/kg/day prevented the development of rash and reduced viremia. the effective dose could be further reduced to 0.2 mg/kg/day when administered in combination with a sub-effective dose of human recombinant interferon-beta. no evidence ... | 1990 | 2166466 |