| a comparison of aluminum levels in tea products from hong kong markets and in varieties of tea plants from hong kong and india. | this study project aimed to investigate the concentrations of aluminum (al) in tea products available in hong kong markets. tea samples consisting of 47 different tea bags and 28 samples of tea leaves were analysed for concentrations of al. all tea samples released al (0.70-5.93 mg l(-1)) during a standard infusion period. in comparison to the joint fao/who provisional tolerable weekly intake guideline of 7 mg al kg(-1) body weight, it was concluded that tea made with these tea leaves will not i ... | 2009 | 19230955 |
| regulation of cell growth through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in hpv 16 positive human cervical cancer cells by tea polyphenols. | cervical cancer is the second most common malignant neoplasm in women, in terms of both incidence and mortality rates worldwide. the polyphenolic constituents of tea (camellia sinensis) have gained considerable attention because of its anti-cancer properties against a variety of cancers. here we studied the effects of green and black tea polyphenols (gtp and btp), on cellular proliferation and cell death in the siha cells (human cervical cancer) expressing the human papilloma virus (hpv)-16. the ... | 2010 | 19271153 |
| evaluation of free radical-scavenging and antihemolytic activities of quince (cydonia oblonga) leaf: a comparative study with green tea (camellia sinensis). | this study aimed to determine the phenolic profile and to investigate the antioxidant potential of quince (cydonia oblonga) leaf, comparing it with green tea (camellia sinensis). for these purposes, methanolic extracts were prepared and phenolics content of quince leaf was determined by hplc/uv. the antioxidant properties were assessed by folin-ciocalteu reducing capacity assay and by the ability to quench the stable free radical 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) and to inhibit the 2,2'-azob ... | 2009 | 19271320 |
| protective action of aqueous black tea (camellia sinensis) extract (bte) against ovariectomy-induced oxidative stress of mononuclear cells and its associated progression of bone loss. | the protective action of aqueous black tea extract (bte) against ovariectomy-induced oxidative stress of mononuclear cells and its associated progression of bone loss was demonstrated in this study. eighteen female adult 6-month-old wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: sham-control (a), bilaterally ovariectomized (b) and bilaterally ovariectomized + bte supplemented (c). studies included the measurement of oxidative (nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation) and antioxidative (superoxide d ... | 2009 | 19277962 |
| characterization of pu-erh tea using chemical and metabolic profiling approaches. | in this study, the chemical constituents of pu-erh tea, black tea, and green tea, as well as those of pu-erh tea products of different ages, were analyzed and compared using a chemical profiling approach. differences in tea processing resulted in differences in the chemical constituents and the color of tea infusions. human biological responses to pu-erh tea ingestion were also studied by using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (uplc-qtofms) in co ... | 2009 | 19320437 |
| fluoride levels in various black tea, herbal and fruit infusions consumed in turkey. | the fluoride contents were determined by ion-selective electrode in 26 black tea samples originally produced in turkey, sri lanka, india and kenya, and in 14 herbal and seven fruit infusions originated from turkey. fluoride content in black tea infusions ranged from 0.57 to 3.72 mg/l after 5 min of brewing. higher fluoride levels were found in black teas originated from turkey when compared with teas originated from sri lanka. moreover higher fluoride levels were determined in black tea bags com ... | 2009 | 19345715 |
| effect of aqueous extracts of black and green teas in arsenic-induced toxicity in rabbits. | arsenic causes oxidative stress in the body. its administration (3 mg/kg/day) for 14 days in rabbits resulted in a significant reduction of whole blood glutathione (gsh), and elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (tbars) and the index of nitrite/nitrate (nox) levels. these are the markers of oxidative stress. both black tea (bt) and green tea (gt) (camellia sinensis), when administered to the arsenic-treated rabbits for 14 days, caused a significant elevation of the depleted gsh l ... | 2009 | 19370537 |
| phenotyping tea consumers by nutrikinetic analysis of polyphenolic end-metabolites. | an integration of metabolomics and pharmacokinetics (or nutrikinetics) is introduced as a concept to describe a human study population with different metabolic phenotypes following a nutritional intervention. the approach facilitates an unbiased analysis of the time-response of body fluid metabolites from crossover designed intervention trials without prior knowledge of the underlying metabolic pathways. the method is explained for the case of a human intervention study in which the nutrikinetic ... | 2009 | 19374449 |
| differential display mediated cloning of anthocyanidin reductase gene from tea (camellia sinensis) and its relationship with the concentration of epicatechins. | tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze] leaves are a major source of epicatechin (ec) and its gallolyl derivatives epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin and epigallocatechin gallate, collectively known as epicatechins (ecs). epicatechins are important factors determining tea quality, and they also possess many medicinal properties. to gain further information about the regulation of the biosynthesis of ecs, we cloned the gene encoding anthocyanidin reductase from tea (csanr) by first quantifying ... | 2009 | 19380395 |
| polyphenolic beverages reduce initial bacterial adherence to enamel in situ. | polyphenols are antibacterial and anti-oxidative natural agents. the present in situ study aimed to investigate the effect of different polyphenolic beverages on initial bacterial adherence to enamel in the oral cavity. | 2009 | 19394124 |
| anti-cariogenic effects of polyphenols from plant stimulant beverages (cocoa, coffee, tea). | polyphenols occurring in cocoa, coffee and tea can have a role in the prevention of cariogenic processes, due to their antibacterial action. cocoa polyphenol pentamers significantly reduce biofilm formation and acid production by streptococcus mutans and s. sanguinis. in the same way, trigonelline, caffeine and chlorogenic acid occurring in green and roasted coffee interfere with s. mutans adsorption to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads. studies carried out on green, oolong and black tea indica ... | 2009 | 19397954 |
| paenibacillus pueri sp. nov., isolated from pu'er tea. | pu'er tea is a fermented drink made from the leaves of the tea plant, camellia sinensis. two novel bacteria, designated strains b09i-3(t) and b13i-1, were isolated during the process of fermentation of this tea. these isolates were gram-positive, endospore-forming, motile rods that grew at 25-42 degrees c and ph 5.5-10.4. the dna g+c content was 56.6-58.4 mol%, the predominant isoprenoid quinone was mk-7 and the predominant cellular fatty acid was anteiso-c(15 : 0) (49.0-50 % of the total). phyl ... | 2009 | 19406782 |
| hepatoprotective and curative properties of kombucha tea against carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity. | kombucha tea (kt) is sugared black tea fermented with a symbiotic culture of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts, which is said to be tea fungus. kt is claimed to have various beneficial effects on human health, but there is very little scientific evidence available in the literature. in the present study, kt along with black tea (bt) and black tea manufactured with tea fungus enzymes (enzyme-processed tea, et) was evaluated for hepatoprotective and curative properties against ccl4-induced toxicity, ... | 2009 | 19420997 |
| effects of sri lankan black tea (camellia sinensis l.) on pregnancy of rats. | the aim of this study was to demonstrate the potential effects of black tea brew of camellia sinensis using sri lankan high grown dust grade no. 1 tea on pregnancy outcome of rats when exposed during early (days 1-7), mid (days 8-14) and late (days 15-21) pregnancy of rats. different doses of black tea brew (mg/ml/day) was orally administered daily during this period to separate groups of rats (n = 6/group): 84 (equivalent to 1.5 cups), 167 (3 cups), 501 (9 cups), and 1336 (24 cups). the results ... | 2009 | 19422356 |
| effect of black tea on histological and immunohistochemical changes in pancreatic tissues of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice (mus musculus). | the aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of hot water extract of black tea in regenerating beta cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. light microscopic examination of pancreatic sections of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice showed the acinar cells to be small, shrunken, and with deteriorated beta cells. the dose of streptozotocin not only altered the function of beta cells but also damaged the acinar region. the changes in acinar cells were coarsening of endoplasmic ret ... | 2009 | 19425072 |
| green tea catechins, alleviate hepatic lipidemic-oxidative injury in wistar rats fed an atherogenic diet. | in the present study, the efficacy of green tea catechins (gtc from the plant camellia sinensis), with epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), as the major component, was studied in relation to hepatic oxidative abnormalities in atherosclerotic rats. when male albino wistar rats were fed an atherogenic diet for 30 days and then treated with saline for 7 or 15 days, there was a significant decline in hepatic mean activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase a ... | 2009 | 19428341 |
| aspergillus acidus from puerh tea and black tea does not produce ochratoxin a and fumonisin b2. | puerh tea is a unique chinese fermented tea. unlike other teas it is stored for a long period of time. aspergillus niger is claimed to be the dominant microorganism in the puerh tea manufacturing process and also to be common on tea in general. a. niger sensu stricto is known to produce the mycotoxins ochratoxin a, fumonisins b(2) and b(4). with this in mind, we performed a preliminary study to determine if production of these mycotoxins by black aspergilli isolated from puerh and black tea can ... | 2009 | 19439385 |
| a case of kombucha tea toxicity. | kombucha "mushroom'' tea is touted to have medicinal properties. here, we present a case of hyperthermia, lactic acidosis, and acute renal failure within 15 hours of kombucha tea ingestion. | 2009 | 19460826 |
| effects of theaflavins on melanin biosynthesis in mouse b16 melanoma cells. | in this study, we examined the effects of theaflavins, polyphenols in black tea, on alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alphamsh)-induced melanogenesis in mouse b16 melanoma cells. among theaflavins, theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (tf-3) exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on melanogenesis. our results indicate that the inhibitory effect of tf-3 on melanogenesis is due to suppression of tyrosinase protein and mrna levels. | 2009 | 19502752 |
| tea polyphenols inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 expression and block activation of nuclear factor-kappa b and akt in diethylnitrosoamine induced lung tumors in swiss mice. | due to lack of validated screening methods and hence poor prognosis, treatment of lung cancer has not still improved up to the expectations. therefore, risk of lung cancer needs to be minimized by efficient preventive measures. tea (camellia sinensis) and its bioactive polyphenols have been associated with prevention of human cancer for several organs. thus, intake of tea polyphenols seems to be a viable mean to control lung cancer burden. in the present study, we studied the chemopreventive eff ... | 2010 | 19517063 |
| black tea polyphenols target matrix metalloproteinases, reck, proangiogenic molecules and histone deacetylase in a rat hepatocarcinogenesis model. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the chemopreventive effects of black tea polyphenols (polyphenon-b) on markers of invasion and angiogenesis during dimethylaminoazobenzene (dab)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. | 2009 | 19528495 |
| acylated oleanane-type triterpene saponins with acceleration of gastrointestinal transit and inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase from flower buds of chinese tea plant (camellia sinensis). | the meoh extract and its buoh-soluble fraction (crude saponin fraction) from the flower buds of chinese tea plant (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze; fujian province) were found to exhibit accelerating effects on gastrointestinal transit in mice and inhibitory effects against pancreatic lipase. from the buoh-soluble fraction, three new acylated oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycosides, chakasaponins i, ii, and iii (1-3, resp.), were isolated together with 13 known compounds. the chemical structur ... | 2009 | 19551732 |
| induction of apoptosis by tea polyphenols mediated through mitochondrial cell death pathway in mouse skin tumors. | many naturally occurring phytochemicals have shown cancer chemopreventive potential in a variety of bioassay systems. one such naturally occurring biologically active compound is tea camellia sinensis, which is the most consumed beverage in the world after water. the most abundant and active constituents of tea are polyphenols (epigallocatechin gallate and theaflavins). in the present study, cancer chemopreventive properties of both black tea polyphenols (btp) and green tea polyphenols (gtp) on ... | 2009 | 19556852 |
| inhibitory effect of tea polyphenols on local tissue damage induced by snake venoms. | the methanolic extract of fresh tea leaves of camellia sinensis l. (theaceae) (cs) was assayed for its potential to inhibit enzymes with hydrolytic activity in naja naja kaouthia lesson (elapidae) and calloselasma rhodostoma kuhl (viperidae) venoms. these snake venom enzymes are responsible for the early effects of envenomation, such as local tissue damage and inflammation. the cs extract inhibited phospholipase a(2), proteases, hyaluronidase and l-amino acid oxidase in both venoms by in vitro n ... | 2010 | 19585481 |
| role of oxidation-triggered activation of jnk and p38 mapk in black tea polyphenols induced apoptotic death of a375 cells. | theaflavins (tf) and thearubigins (tr) are the major polyphenols of black tea. our previous study revealed that tf- and tr-induced apoptosis of human malignant melanoma cells (a375) is executed via a mitochondria-mediated pathway. in our present study we observed the role of the three most important mapk (erk, jnk, and p38) in tf- and tr-induced apoptosis. tf and tr treatment of a375 cells led to sustained activation of jnk and p38 mapk but not erk, suggesting that jnk and p38 are the effector m ... | 2009 | 19594545 |
| catechin and catechin fractions as biochemical markers to study the diversity of indian tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) germplasm. | the heterogeneous indian tea germplasm includes 'china', 'assam', 'cambod', and their hybrids which were evaluated using biochemical markers viz., total catechin and their fractions, for varietal identification and characterization. principal component analysis (pca) of biochemical characters showed that the total catechin and trihydroxylated catechin has higher eigenvalues. the first two principal components (pcs) could differentiate more than 90% of the clones studied. this grouping based on f ... | 2009 | 19623550 |
| purified black tea theaflavins and theaflavins/catechin supplements did not affect serum lipids in healthy individuals with mildly to moderately elevated cholesterol concentrations. | ingestion of tea flavonoids found in both green and black tea is linked to cardiovascular health benefits such as lowering serum lipids. evidence for a cholesterol-lowering benefit of green or black tea consumption from human intervention studies is, however, conflicting and active components responsible for the effect have not yet been clearly identified. | 2010 | 19639377 |
| changes in the composition of raw tea leaves from the korean yabukida plant during high-temperature processing to pan-fried kamairi-cha green tea. | to develop a better understanding of compositional changes occurring during the production of commercial teas, we determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) changes in ingredient levels during each of several manufacturing steps used to produce kamairi-cha, a premium green tea. kamairi-cha uses pan-frying instead of the usual blanching technique to inactivate the enzymes responsible for producing traditional black tea. the resulting tea lacks the characteristic bitterness of gre ... | 2009 | 19646035 |
| green tea extract weakens the antibacterial effect of amoxicillin in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infected mice. | tea (camellia sinensis) has been known for its modulation of resistance of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) to beta-lactam antibiotics in vitro. this study aimed to confirm the in vitro effect of green tea extracts with beta-lactams and to determine whether green tea extracts can reduce the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of amoxicillin in mrsa-infected mice. the catechins in the test tea that account for the reduced resistance to beta-lactams were quantitatively deter ... | 2010 | 19653316 |
| green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits microsomal prostaglandin e(2) synthase-1. | prostaglandin (pg)e(2) is a critical lipid mediator connecting chronic inflammation to cancer. the anti-carcinogenic epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) from green tea (camellia sinensis) suppresses cellular pge(2) biosynthesis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. here, we investigated the interference of egcg with enzymes involved in pge(2) biosynthesis, namely cytosolic phospholipase (cpl)a(2), cyclooxygenase (cox)-1 and -2, and microsomal prostaglandin e(2) synthase-1 (mpges-1) ... | 2009 | 19665000 |
| fate of imidacloprid and acetamiprid residues during black tea manufacture and transfer into tea infusion. | the objective of this paper is to investigate the loss/stability of neonicotinoids (imidacloprid and acetamiprid) residues during the manufacture of black tea and to study the transfer of these pesticides from made tea to its infusion. for orthodox black tea, the manufacturing process involves leaf harvesting (plucking two leaves and a bud), withering, rolling, fermentation (oxidation), and drying. initial withering and final drying resulted in the loss of pesticide residues, but no significant ... | 2009 | 19680885 |
| health potential for functional green teas? | obesity is a major health problem in the developed and developing world. many "functional" foods and ingredients are advocated for their effects on body composition but few have consistent scientific support for their efficacy. however, an increasing amount of mechanistic and clinical evidence is building for green tea. the tea plant is naturally rich in a group of antioxidants known as catechins. unlike black tea, green tea production involves little processing and fermentation and therefore, g ... | 2008 | 19685436 |
| chromatographic examinations of tea's protection against lipid oxidative modifications. | ethanol metabolism is accompanied by generation of free radicals that damage cell components, especially lipids. the present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of the preventive effect of black tea on the lipid oxidative modifications in different tissues (plasma, liver, brain, kidney, stomach, lung, intestine, and spleen) of 12-month-old rats chronically intoxicated with ethanol. ethanol intoxication caused changes in the level/activity of antioxidants that led to the significant in ... | 2008 | 19696910 |
| changes in phospholipid composition studied by hplc and electric properties of liver cell membrane of ethanol-poisoned rats. | ethanol introduced into the organism undergoes rapid metabolism to acetaldehyde and then to acetic acid. the process is accompanied by formation of reactive oxygen species (ros), which damage mainly lipids of membrane cells. the effects of ros can be neutralized by administering preparations with antioxidant properties. the natural preparations of this kind are teas.this paper reports data on the effect of green and black tea on the surface charge density, content of phospholipids, and level of ... | 2008 | 19696939 |
| antioxidant activity of some plant extracts towards xanthine oxidase, lipoxygenase and tyrosinase. | natural products have the potential to be developed into new drugs for the treatment of various diseases. the aim of the present study was to screen the antioxidant activities of some common edible fruits, garden plants and medicinal plants indigenous to taiwan. this was performed by assessing the activities of lipoxygenase, xanthine oxidase and tyrosinase following incubation with extracts from these plants. a further aim was to use hplc-dad and tyrosinase to chromatographically identify the an ... | 2009 | 19701137 |
| black-tea polyphenols suppress postprandial hypertriacylglycerolemia by suppressing lymphatic transport of dietary fat in rats. | administration of black-tea polyphenols (btp) at 100 and 200 mg/kg of body weight in rats suppressed postprandial hypertriacylglycerolemia in a dose-dependent manner. administration of btp also suppressed lymphatic recovery of (14)c-trioleoylglycerol in rats that were cannulated in the thoracic duct. btp dose-dependently inhibited the activity of pancreatic lipase in vitro with an ic50 of 0.254 mg/ml. when purified theaflavins, which are components of btp, were used, theaflavins with galloyl moi ... | 2009 | 19722586 |
| physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of 3 polysaccharides from green tea, oolong tea, and black tea. | three polysaccharide-rich fractions named gtps, otps, and btps were isolated from green tea, oolong tea, and black tea, respectively. chemical characteristics, glycosidase inhibitory effects, and antioxidant properties of the 3 fractions were compared. monosaccharides of gtps were composed of d-rhamnose, l-arabinose, d-xylose, d-mannose, d-galactose, and d-glucose. but there were no xylose and mannose detected in otps and btps. the molecular weight distributions were decreased from 9.2 to 251.5 ... | 2009 | 19723184 |
| chlorhexidine and green tea extract reduce dentin erosion and abrasion in situ. | this in situ/ex vivo study aimed to analyse the impact of possible mmp-inhibitors (chlorhexidine and green tea extract) on dentin wear induced by erosion or erosion plus abrasion. | 2009 | 19733206 |
| an epr study on tea: identification of paramagnetic species, effect of heat and sweeteners. | tea (camellia sinensis) is the most widely consumed beverage in the world, and is known to be having therapeutic, antioxidant and nutritional effects. electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectral studies made on the tea cultivated along the shore of black sea, turkey, show mn(2+) and fe(3+) centers in green tea leaves and in black tea extract. dry black tea flakes and dry extract show additional sharp line attributed to semiquinone radical. the origins of the paramagnetic species in black tea ... | 2009 | 19733505 |
| hla-b27 subtypes in patients with spondylarthropathies, ige levels against some allergens and their relationship to the disease parameters. | in suitable genetic backgrounds, some exogenous and/or endogenous antigens may cause spa. in this study, we investigated hla b27 subtypes and its relationship to some allergens and clinical findings in a group of spa patients. forty-eight patients (19f, 29m) with spa (27 with ankylosing spondylitis, 5 with reactive arthritis, 15 undifferentiated and 1 with psoriatic arthritis) were included to the study. hla-b alleles have been assessed using the lipa (line probe assay) reverse hybridization pri ... | 2009 | 19750986 |
| green tea (camellia sinensis) catechins and vascular function. | the health benefits of green tea (camellia sinensis) catechins are becoming increasingly recognised. amongst the proposed benefits are the maintenance of endothelial function and vascular homeostasis and an associated reduction in atherogenesis and cvd risk. the mounting evidence for the influential effect of green tea catechins on vascular function from epidemiological, human intervention and animal studies is subject to review together with exploration of the potential mechanistic pathways inv ... | 2009 | 19751534 |
| l-theanine, an amino acid in green tea, attenuates beta-amyloid-induced cognitive dysfunction and neurotoxicity: reduction in oxidative damage and inactivation of erk/p38 kinase and nf-kappab pathways. | amyloid beta (abeta)-induced neurotoxicity is a major pathological mechanism of alzheimer disease (ad). in this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of l-theanine, a component of green tea (camellia sinensis), on abeta(1-42)-induced neuronal cell death and memory impairment. oral treatment of l-theanine (2 and 4 mg/kg) for 5 weeks in the drinking water of mice, followed by injection of abeta(1-42) (2 microg/mouse, icv), significantly attenuated abeta(1-42)-induced memory impairment. furt ... | 2009 | 19766184 |
| black tea theaflavins extend the lifespan of fruit flies. | black tea extract (bte) is a mixture of epicatechins and theaflavins. the present study investigated the effect of bte on the lifespan of drosophila melanogaster. results showed the mean lifespan was significantly extended from 51 to 56days upon bte treatment. gene expression of superoxide dismutase (sod1 and sod2), catalase (cat), and methuselah (mth) was characterized by an increase in young and then a decrease in aged fruit flies. higher gene expression of sod1 and cat was observed in the bte ... | 2009 | 19770032 |
| skin penetration of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and quercetin from green tea and ginkgo biloba extracts vehiculated in cosmetic formulations. | green tea (camellia sinensis) and ginkgo biloba extracts in cosmetic formulations have been suggested to protect the skin against uv-induced damage and skin ageing. thus, it is very important to assess the human skin penetration of their major flavonoids to verify if they penetrate and remain in the skin to exert their proposed effects. the aim of this study was to evaluate the human skin penetration of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) and quercetin from green tea and g. biloba extracts vehicul ... | 2009 | 19786823 |
| modulatory effects of black v. green tea aqueous extract on hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and liver dysfunction in diabetic and obese rat models. | cardiovascular complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes, obesity and the metabolic syndrome. recently, there has been an increasing interest in tea as a protective agent against cvd. here, we compared the modulatory effects of two different doses (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight given orally for 28 consecutive days) of black tea aqueous extract (bte, rich in theaflavins and thearubigins) and green tea aqueous extract (gte, rich in catechins) on experiment ... | 2009 | 19825205 |
| greeen tea extracts lower serum folates in rats at very high dietary concentrations only and do not affect plasma folates in a human pilot study. | green tea catechins (gtc) have been shown to inhibit the activities of enzymes involved in folate uptake. hence, regular green tea drinkers may be at risk of impaired folate status. the present experiments aimed at studying the impact of dietary gtc on folate concentrations and metabolism. in a human pilot study (parallel design) healthy men consumed for 3 weeks 6 capsules (approximately 670 mg gtc) per day (2 capsules with each principal meal) containing aqueous extracts of the leaves of camell ... | 2009 | 19826188 |
| antimicrobial properties of green tea catechins. | extracts of leaves from the tea plant camellia sinensis contain polyphenolic components with activity against a wide spectrum of microbes. studies conducted over the last 20 years have shown that the green tea polyphenolic catechins, in particular (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) and (-)-epicatechin gallate (ecg), can inhibit the growth of a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species with moderate potency. evidence is emerging that these molecules may be useful in the con ... | 2005 | 19844590 |
| nutritional supplements and serum lipids: does anything work? | hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease. many patients decline prescription lipid-lowering agents and opt instead for supplements. before any supplement can be routinely recommended it is crucial to examine the types of clinical trials that have been performed, the mechanism by which a supplement is felt to alter lipids, the population studied, potential adverse effects, and the possibility that investigators might be biased. clinical trial evidence strongly ... | 2009 | 19852889 |
| cloning, microbial expression and structure-activity relationship of polyphenol oxidases from camellia sinensis. | polyphenol oxidase (ppo) can be used for organic synthesis and degradation of wastes and dyes in industries. lack of enzyme sources is a major barrier for its application. a ppo gene, with a full length of 1.8kb without introns, was cloned by pcr from genomic dna of five common cultivars of camellia sinensis. they had a 98.2-99.9% degree of identity in nucleotides and 94.7-96.1% in amino acids and encoded a polypeptide of 599 amino acids with a signal peptide targeting the chloroplast and three ... | 2010 | 19857531 |
| [genetic diversity of camellia sinensis germplasm in guangdong province based on morphological parameters and srap markers]. | by the methods of phenotypic identification and srap makers amplification, the genetic diversity of twenty-five local tea cultivars in guangdong province and five contrastive cultivars from other regions was assessed and classified, and the phenotypic traits of the cultivars were clustered by pearson correlation and farthest neighbor methods. the coefficient of variation of the phenotypic traits was averagely 32.15%. fine-hair had the highest coefficient of variation (42.41%), while the growth p ... | 2009 | 19899450 |
| computational structural analysis and kinetic studies of a cytosolic glutamine synthetase from camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze. | structural analysis of a cytosolic glutamine synthetase from camellia sinensis (csgs) has been conducted employing computational techniques. this was conducted to compare its structural aspects with other known structures of gs. the disordered residues and their distribution in csgs are in close comparison to earlier reported gs. the 3-d structure of csgs also showed high degree of similarity with the only known crystal structure of gs from zea mays. the k ( m ) values observed with recombinant ... | 2009 | 19921413 |
| green tea, black tea, and epigallocatechin modify body composition, improve glucose tolerance, and differentially alter metabolic gene expression in rats fed a high-fat diet. | the mechanisms of how tea and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) lower body fat are not completely understood. this study investigated long-term administration of green tea (gt), black tea (bt), or isolated egcg (1 mg/kg per day) on body composition, glucose tolerance, and gene expression related to energy metabolism and lipid homeostasis; it was hypothesized that all treatments would improve the indicators of metabolic syndrome. rats were fed a 15% fat diet for 6 months from 4 weeks of age and w ... | 2009 | 19932867 |
| inhibitory effects of tea polyphenols by targeting cyclooxygenase-2 through regulation of nuclear factor kappa b, akt and p53 in rat mammary tumors. | breast cancer has become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. the control of this disease can be achieved through chemoprevention, which refers to the consumption of synthetic or naturally occurring agents to block, reverse, or delay the process of tumor development. tea (camellia sinensis), the most widely consumed beverage, has shown promises in the field of cancer chemoprevention. inhibition of tumorigenesis by green or black tea polyphenols has been demonstrated in va ... | 2011 | 19936622 |
| anthelmintic effects of phytogenic feed additives in ascaris suum inoculated pigs. | two experiments were performed to determine the anthelmintic effect of some phytogenic feed additives on a mild infection of ascaris suum in growing and finishing pigs. usually, an infection of a. suum is controlled by using conventional synthetic drugs. organic farmers, however, prefer a non-pharmaceutical approach to worm control. therefore, phytotherapy could be an appropriate alternative. in the first experiment, a commercial available organic starter diet was supplemented with 3% of a herb ... | 2010 | 19954891 |
| modulatory effects of black tea polyphenols on rat forestomach carcinogenesis. | abstract the present study was designed to evaluate the chemopreventive effects of black tea polyphenols (polyphenon-b) on n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng)-induced gastric carcinogenesis in wistar rats. intragastric administration of mnng induced well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas that showed diminished mitochondrial lipid and protein oxidation and an increase in antioxidants. in contrast to tumor tissue, the liver mitochondria of tumor-bearing animals showed elevated lipid ... | 2007 | 20020873 |
| comparative safety evaluation of chinese pu-erh green tea extract and pu-erh black tea extract in wistar rats. | pu-erh teas are believed to be beneficial beverages for health since they possess several pharmacological properties such as antioxidation, hypocholesterolemia, and antiobesity properties, but their potential toxicities when administered at a high dose as concentrated extracts have not been completely investigated. in this study, the chemical components in pu-erh green tea and pu-erh black tea were analyzed and compared, and the safety of tea extracts was evaluated in wistar rats. the polysaccha ... | 2010 | 20028013 |
| [effect of broken black tea on the formation of dental enamel and the contents of twelve kinds of chemical elements]. | objective: the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of broken black tea with slightly hyper-normal fluoride content which was near the level of people tea-drinking habits on enamel morphological structure and its content of chemical elements. thirty six rats were divided randomly into 3 groups: one was control group and another two groups fed with broken black tea infusion with f- content of 8.2 mg/l and 16.4 mg/l, respectively. after 360 days, collected 144 teeth, observed their morp ... | 2009 | 20047234 |
| polyphenols action against oxidative stress formation in endothelial cells. | the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), theaflavins (tfs) and black tea extract (bte) on oxidative stress formation as well as on antioxidant system of human vein endothelial cells (huvec). huvec were incubated for 0,5 h with 100 mm tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-bhp) for oxidative stress formation. the influence of egcg, tfs, and bte on oxidative stress and antioxidant system parameters was investigated by the pre-incubation for 2 h with 50 mg/m ... | 2009 | 20050525 |
| evaluation of different teas against starch digestibility by mammalian glycosidases. | current work investigated the ability of different tea (green, oolong and black teas) in inhibiting human salivary alpha-amylase (hsa) and mammalian alpha-glucosidase (agh). the inhibitory profiles were correlated to their major polyphenol content (theaflavins and catechins). the fully fermented black tea was demonstrated to be most potent in inhibiting hsa and agh (ic50 of 0.42 to 0.67 and 0.56 to 0.58 mg of tea leaves/ml respectively). its capability in retarding the digestion of a real food s ... | 2010 | 20050703 |
| seasonal variation of total phenolic, antioxidant activity and minerals in fresh tea shoots (camellia sinensis var. sinensis). | seasonal variation of total phenolics, antioxidant activity and minerals in fresh tea shoots, consisting of one apical bud and two adjoining leaves sampled from muradiye, tuglali, gundogdu, enstitu 9, hamzabey, hayrat and pazar 20 clones grown in eastern black sea region in turkey was investigated during three harvest season (may, july and september) in both 2006 and 2007 years. the total phenolics of all clones were lower in cool months of may in both years (average 33.00-90.27 mg gae/g dry wei ... | 2010 | 20067870 |
| laboratory, epidemiological, and human intervention studies show that tea (camellia sinensis) may be useful in the prevention of obesity. | tea (camellia sinensis, theaceae) and tea polyphenols have been studied for the prevention of chronic diseases, including obesity. obesity currently affects >20% of adults in the united states and is a risk factor for chronic diseases such as type ii diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. given this increasing public health concern, the use of dietary agents for the prevention of obesity would be of tremendous benefit. whereas many laboratory studies have demonstrated the potential effica ... | 2010 | 20089791 |
| antioxidant potential of tea reduces arsenite induced oxidative stress in swiss albino mice. | environmental arsenic (as) is a potent human carcinogen and groundwater as contamination is a major health concern in west bengal, india. oxidative stress has been one of the prime factors in as-induced carcinogenicity. generation of reactive oxygen species (ros), beyond the body's endogenous antioxidant balance cause a severe imbalance of the cellular antioxidant defence mechanism. tea, a popular beverage has excellent chemopreventive and antioxidant properties. in this study it was investigate ... | 2010 | 20096321 |
| increased responsiveness of human coronary artery endothelial cells in inflammation and coagulation. | the effects of anti-inflammatory plant extracts, such as black tea extract (bte) and resveratrol (rsv) could modulate cell activation leading to atherosclerosis, however there is little comparative information about how different endothelial cell types are affected by these compounds. in order to compare human endothelial cells derived from different origins (umbilical vein or huvec, coronary artery or hcaec, microvascular or hmvec) and their interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) responsiveness, il-6 eli ... | 2010 | 20107610 |
| addition of whole, semiskimmed, and skimmed bovine milk reduces the total antioxidant capacity of black tea. | epidemiological studies have shown that populations consuming fruits, vegetables, tea, cocoa, and red wine have lower incidences of cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, and eye disease. these health effects have largely been attributed to the polyphenol content of the foods and drinks studied. black tea is rich in a range of polyphenolic compounds that could potentially have health-promoting properties. the scale of consumption of tea in the united kingdom means that it could be an appropria ... | 2010 | 20116655 |
| protective role of tannin-rich fraction of camellia sinensis in tissue arsenic burden in sprague dawley rats. | the protective effect of green tea (camellia sinensis) was tested against arsenic-induced toxicity. however, the possible role of tannins in green tea in alleviating hepatic and renal oxidative injury has also been studied. administration of sodium arsenite (100 mg/kg/day) for 28 days in sprague dawley female rats resulted in significant reduction of biochemical parameters such as delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (alad), reduced glutathione (gsh), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), superoxide di ... | 2010 | 20144955 |
| merging traditional chinese medicine with modern drug discovery technologies to find novel drugs and functional foods. | traditional chinese medicines (tcm) are rapidly gaining attention in the west as sources of new drugs, dietary supplements and functional foods. however, lack of consistent manufacturing practices and quality standards, fear of adulteration, and perceived deficiencies in scientific validation of efficacy and safety impede worldwide acceptance of tcm. in addition, western pharmaceutical industries and regulatory agencies are partial toward single ingredient drugs based on synthetic molecules, and ... | 2010 | 20156139 |
| chemistry of secondary polyphenols produced during processing of tea and selected foods. | this review will discuss recent progress in the chemistry of secondary polyphenols produced during food processing. the production mechanism of the secondary polyphenols in black tea, whisky, cinnamon, and persimmon fruits will be introduced. in the process of black tea production, tea leaf catechins are enzymatically oxidized to yield a complex mixture of oxidation products, including theaflavins and thearubigins. despite the importance of the beverage, most of the chemical constituents have no ... | 2009 | 20161999 |
| therapeutic effects on murine oral candidiasis by oral administration of cassia (cinnamomum cassia) preparation. | we examined the effects of spices and herbs on candida albicans growth using in vitro assay and therapeutic activity of some selected herbal preparations against murine oral candidiasis. all tested samples: lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus), lemon balm (melissa officinalis), thyme (thymus vulgaris), rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis), roselle (hibiscus sabdariffa), green tea (camellia sinensis), and cassia (cinnamomum cassia) inhibited candida mycelial growth in vitro. the results of this assay sh ... | 2010 | 20185867 |
| effect of ethnomedicinal plants used in folklore medicine in jordan as antibiotic resistant inhibitors on escherichia coli. | escherichia coli occurs naturally in the human gut; however, certain strains that can cause infections, are becoming resistant to antibiotics. multidrug-resistant e. coli that produce extended-spectrum beta lactamases (esbls), such as the ctx-m enzymes, have emerged within the community setting as an important cause of urinary tract infections (utis) and bloodstream infections may be associated with these community-onsets. this is the first report testing the antibiotic resistance-modifying acti ... | 2010 | 20187978 |
| a novel cold-regulated gene from camellia sinensis, cscor1, enhances salt- and dehydration-tolerance in tobacco. | in present research, the full-length cdna and the genomic sequence of a novel cold-regulated gene, cscor1, were isolated from camellia sinensis l. the deduced protein cscor1 contains a hydrophobic n-terminus as a signal peptide and a hydrophilic c-terminal domain that is rich in glycine, arginine and proline. two internal repetitive tridecapeptide fragments (hsvtagrggynrg) exist in the middle of the c-terminal domain and the two nucleotide sequences encoding them are identical. cscor1 was locali ... | 2010 | 20206599 |
| effects of green tea on iron accumulation and oxidative stress in livers of iron-challenged thalassemic mice. | liver is affected by secondary iron overload in transfusions dependent b-thalassemia patients. the redox iron can generate reactive oxidants that damage biomolecules, leading to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. iron chelators are used to treat thalassemias to achieve negative iron balance and relieve oxidant-induced organ dysfunctions. green tea (gt) (camellia sinensis) catechins exhibit anti-oxidation, the inhibition of carcinogenesis, the detoxification of cyp2e1-catalyzed hepg2 cells and iron ch ... | 2010 | 20218965 |
| the tea weevil, myllocerinus aurolineatus, is attracted to volatiles induced by conspecifics. | the tea weevil, myllocerinus aurolineatus (voss) (coleoptera: curculionidae), is a leaf-feeding pest of camellia sinensis (o.ktze.) with aggregative behaviors that can seriously reduce tea yield and quality. although herbivore-induced host plant volatiles have been shown to attract conspecific individuals of some beetle pests, especially members of the chrysomelidae family, little is known about the volatiles emitted from tea plants infested by m. aurolineatus adults and their roles in mediating ... | 2010 | 20349338 |
| identifications of inhibitors of ige production by human lymphocytes isolated from 'cha chuukanbohon nou 6' tea leaves. | tea (camellia sinensis l.) is consumed all over the world and in especially large quantities in japan and china, where it has been used not only as a daily beverage but also for medicinal purposes for thousands of years. tea has been found to exhibit various bioregulatory activities, including antiallergic, anticarcinogenic, antimetastatic, antioxidative, antihypertensive, antihypercholesterolemic, anti-dental caries and antibacterial effects, and to influence intestinal flora. | 2010 | 20355027 |
| development and validation of an algorithm to establish a total antioxidant capacity database of the us diet. | estimation of total antioxidant intake is the first step to investigate the protective effects of antioxidants on oxidative stress-mediated disease. the present study was designed to develop an algorithm to estimate total antioxidant capacity (tac) of the us diet. tac of individual antioxidants and 50 popular antioxidant-rich food items in the us diet were determined by 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (abts) assay and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) assay. theoreti ... | 2010 | 20377495 |
| antiatherogenic properties of flavonoids: implications for cardiovascular health. | epidemiological studies suggest that higher flavonoid intake from fruits and vegetables is associated with decreased risk for the development of cardiovascular disease. the mechanisms explaining this observation remain unclear, but current evidence suggests that flavonoids may exert their effects through the improvement of cardiovascular risk factors. the present review summarizes data suggesting that flavonoids improve endothelial function. inhibit low-density lipoprotein oxidation, decrease bl ... | 2010 | 20386755 |
| green tea (camelia sinensis) suppresses b cell production of ige without inducing apoptosis. | green tea (camelia sinensis) is known to possess biological properties that are antioxidative and antimutagenic. recent studies demonstrated beneficial effects of green tea in inflammatory allergy. however, the effect of green tea on anti-allergic activity/ige responses in vitro has not been studied. u266 myeloma cells (2 x 10(6)/ml), which secrete ige, were cultured for 0-72 hr with or without green tea extract (1-300 ng/ml), and ige levels in the supernatants were determined (24-72 hr) by elis ... | 2010 | 20421624 |
| inhibition of three selected beverage extracts on alpha-glucosidase and rapid identification of their active compounds using hplc-dad-ms/ms and biochemical detection. | inhibition of alpha-glucosidase is a therapeutic approach for diabetes. in this study, a method based on online liquid chromatography-diode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry and biochemical detection (lc-dad-ms/ms-bcd) was developed to screen and identify alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from selected beverage extracts, including pu-erh tea ( camellia sinensis var. assamica), eagle tea ( litsea coreana levl.), and radix glycyrrhizae ( glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch.). as a result, two components ... | 2010 | 20443596 |
| tea polyphenols inhibit il-6 production in tumor necrosis factor superfamily 14-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts. | il-6 is well recognized to be a potent bone resorptive agent and thus in the development of periodontal disease. epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) and epicatechin gallate (ecg), the major catechins in green tea, and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (tfdg), polyphenol in black tea, have multiple beneficial effects, but the effects of catechins and theaflavins on il-6 production in human gingival fibroblasts (hgfs) are not known. in this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which egcg, ecg, and tfdg in ... | 2010 | 20461739 |
| cloning of a novel o-methyltransferase from camellia sinensis and synthesis of o-methylated egcg and evaluation of their bioactivity. | the gene of a novel o-methyltransferase was isolated from tea cultivars (camellia sinensis l.). using the recombinant enzyme, o-methylated (-)-epigallocatechin-3-o-gallate (egcg) in all cases were synthesized. egcg and the synthesized o-methylated egcgs including (-)-epigallocatechin-3-o-(3-o-methyl)-gallate (egcg3''me), (-)-epigallocatechin-3-o- (4-o-methyl)-gallate(egcg4''me), (-)-epigallocatechin-3-o-(3,5-o-dimethyl)-gallate (egcg3'',5''dime), and (-)-3-o-methyl-epigallocatechin-3-o-(3,5-o-di ... | 2010 | 20476742 |
| synergistic effects of tea polyphenols and ascorbic acid on human lung adenocarcinoma spc-a-1 cells. | tea polyphenols have been shown to have anticancer activity in many studies. in the present study, we investigated effects of theaflavin-3-3'-digallate (tf(3)), one of the major theaflavin monomers in black tea, in combination with ascorbic acid (aa), a reducing agent, and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), the main polyphenol presented in green tea, in combination with aa on cellular viability and cell cycles of the human lung adenocarcinoma spc-a-1 cells. the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2 ... | 2010 | 20506578 |
| black tea polyphenol (theaflavin) downregulates mmp-2 in human melanoma cell line a375 by involving multiple regulatory molecules. | the tumor-inhibiting property of black tea polyphenol, theaflavin, is well documented. matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) play a pivotal role in tumor invasion through degradation of extracellular matrix (ecm). in the present study, we observed the effect of theaflavin on mmp-2, which is upregulated in most tumor types, and its regulatory molecules, in human melanoma cell line, a375. the treatment of theaflavin downregulated the gelatinolytic activity, mrna and protein expression of mmp-2. it redu ... | 2010 | 20528747 |
| lead contamination in different varieties of tea plant (camellia sinensis l.) and factors affecting lead bioavailability. | there has been increasing concern in recent years about the concentration of lead (pb) in tea. however, little research has been done to address questions concerning the distribution of pb in different varieties of tea plant and the differences among tea plant varieties in their uptake and accumulation of pb from the soil. therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the accumulation of pb in different tea plant varieties and the factors affecting pb bioavailability. | 2010 | 20549803 |
| diversity among various forms of catechins and its synthesizing enzyme (phenylalanine ammonia lyase) in relation to quality of black tea (camellia spp.). | quality of tea depends on the cultivar and climatic conditions. biochemical pathways within the plant and climatic factors can result in noticeable changes in chemical composition, which determine the quality of tea. black tea quality attributes are influenced by various forms of catechins, namely gallated, non-gallated, dihydroxylated and trihydroxylated catechins and their ratios. hence the variations in grouped catechins and their synthesizing enzyme in relation to quality of south indian bla ... | 2010 | 20549808 |
| correlation of dispersibility of proteins with that of selenium in teas. | selenium-enriched tea was suggested as a possible source of supplemental se. the result of this study indicates that it is not practicable to make selenium-enriched tea as a beverage like traditional green tea or black tea for the supplementation of selenium in human diet. the selenium dispersibilities of fresh tea leaves, green tea, and black tea highly correlated with those of protein (r (2) = 0.998). the high protein dispersibility (85.0%) of fresh tea leaves in water solution was accompanied ... | 2010 | 20567933 |
| preventive effects of black tea theaflavins against mouse type iv allergy. | tea (camellia sinensis l.), one of the most popular beverages, contains various beneficial constituents. we investigated the preventive effects of black tea theaflavins, theaflavin-3-gallate (3-tf) and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (tfdg), on oxazolone-induced type iv allergy in male icr mice. | 2010 | 20597096 |
| coffee induces expression of glucuronosyltransferases by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and nrf2 in liver and stomach. | coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide. epidemiologic data indicate that coffee consumption protects against the progression of chronic liver disease and development of hepatocellular carcinoma and diabetes, but the mechanisms are not clear. udp glucuronosyltransferases (ugt1a) are proteins with indirect antioxidant, cytoprotective, and genoprotective capabilities; we examined ugt1a regulation in response to coffee in cultured cells and mice. | 2010 | 20600030 |
| potential mechanisms of hypocholesterolaemic effect of thai spices/dietary extracts. | several thai spices/dietary ingredients were previously shown to have hypocholesterolaemic effects. these studies were mostly conducted in animal models in which the mechanisms of action were not yet well-established. therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of hypocholesterolaemic action of 12 selected plants, namely hibiscus sabdariffa l., moringa oleifera lam., cucurbita moschata duchesne, ananas comosus (l.) merr., zingiber officinale, morus alba l., camellia sinens ... | 2011 | 20623425 |
| prevention of diet-induced obesity by dietary black tea polyphenols extract in vitro and in vivo. | the effects of certain tea components on the prevention of obesity in humans have recently been reported, although it is still unclear whether black tea consumption is beneficial. we obtained black tea extract (btpe) consisting of polyphenols specific to black tea, and from it, prepared a polymerized polyphenol fraction (btp). the effectiveness of oral administration of the btpe was examined in in vitro and in vivo experiments. | 2011 | 20627658 |
| development of cell culture techniques for assessment of the toxicity of plant products. | plant products consumed by humans contain a wide variety of both beneficial and toxic compounds. studies have been undertaken to explore the utility of cell culture techniques in testing plant products for toxicity and antitoxicity. preliminary results are reported on the cytotoxic effects of aqueous and methanol extracts of a range of conventional and herb teas and a variety of vegetables. the teas were tested in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, using lactate dehydrogenase release and inhib ... | 1996 | 20650184 |
| recent patents on camellia sinensis: source of health promoting compounds. | in recent years, the scientific community, food industry, consumers and media have revealed a growing interest regarding the potential benefits of tea consumption for human health. several studies indicate that phenolic compounds, especially flavan-3-ols (catechins), are the main components responsible for the medicinal effects of this beverage due to their recognized antioxidant properties. antioxidants are ascribed to reduce cells and biomolecules oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen/nit ... | 2009 | 20653539 |
| prokaryotic expression and purification of camellia sinensis polyphenol oxidase. | polyphenol oxidase (ppo) causes the postharvest loss of fruits and vegetables but is also a key factor in the quality development of tea. however, there are no reports on engineered active plant ppo purified from prokaryotic cells. | 2010 | 20661922 |
| effects of the black tea polyphenol theaflavin-2 on apoptotic and inflammatory pathways in vitro and in vivo. | scope: theaflavin-2 (tf-2), a major component of black tea extract, induces apoptosis of human colon cancer cells and suppresses serum-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) expression 1. here, we explored the mechanisms for activation of apoptosis, evaluated the impact on inflammatory genes in a broader panel of cells and tested whether topical anti-inflammatory effects could be observed in vivo. methods and results: tf-2 triggered apoptosis in five other transformed cancer cell lines, inducing cell ... | 2011 | 20669245 |
| sugar compositions, α-glucosidase inhibitory and amylase inhibitory activities of polysaccharides from leaves and flowers of camellia sinensis obtained by different extraction methods. | the sugar compositions, α-glucosidase inhibitory and α-amylase inhibitory activities of polysaccharides from leaves and flowers of green tea (camellia sinensis) obtained by hot water extraction (hwe), boiled water extraction (bwe) and enzymatic extraction (ee) were investigated. the yields, sugar contents and monosaccharide compositions of tea leaves polysaccharides (tlps) and tea flower polysaccharides (tfps) were all significantly affected by extraction methods. the contents of acidic polysacc ... | 2010 | 20678520 |
| black-tea polyphenols decrease micellar solubility of cholesterol in vitro and intestinal absorption of cholesterol in rats. | administration of black-tea polyphenols (btp) simultaneously reduced lymphatic recovery of both (3)h-cholesterol and (14)c-trioleoylglycerol in rats that were cannulated in the thoracic duct. btp decreased the in vitro micellar solubility of cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner. when purified theaflavins, which are components of btp, were used, theaflavin-monogallates (tfmgs), theaflavin-3-gallate (tf3g), and theaflavin-3'-gallate (tf3'g) were effective in eliminating cholesterol from bile sal ... | 2010 | 20681647 |
| hypotriacylglycerolemic and antiobesity properties of a new fermented tea product obtained by tea-rolling processing of third-crop green tea (camellia sinensis) leaves and loquat (eriobotrya japonica) leaves. | we manufactured a new fermented tea by tea-rolling processing of third-crop green tea (camellia sinensis) leaves and loquat (eriobotrya japonica) leaves. the mixed fermented tea extract inhibited pancreatic lipase activity in vitro, and effectively suppressed postprandial hypertriacylglycerolemia in rats. rats fed a diet containing 1% freeze-dried fermented tea extract for 4 weeks had a significantly lower liver triacylglycerol concentration and white adipose tissue weight than those fed the con ... | 2010 | 20699580 |
| which plant for which skin disease? part 2: dermatophytes, chronic venous insufficiency, photoprotection, actinic keratoses, vitiligo, hair loss, cosmetic indications. | this paper continues our review of scientifically evaluated plant extracts in dermatology. after plants effective against dermatophytes, botanicals with anti-edema effects in chronic venous insufficiency are discussed. there is good evidence from randomized clinical studies that plant extracts from grape vine leaves (vitis vinifera), horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum), sea pine (pinus maritima) and butcher's broom (ruscus aculeatus) can reduce edema in chronic venous insufficiency. plant ex ... | 2010 | 20707877 |
| evaluation of the anti-ulcer activity of nr-anx-c (a polyherbal formulation) in aspirin & pyloric ligature induced gastric ulcers in albino rats. | the aetiology of gastric ulcers is not completely understood and continuous use of anti-ulcer agents leads to many side effects. in this study we evaluated the anti-ulcer efficacy of a polyherbal formulation with potent antioxidant activity in aspirin and pyloric ligature induced gastric ulcers in rats. | 2010 | 20716823 |
| a novel dietary supplement containing multiple phytochemicals and vitamins elevates hepatorenal and cardiac antioxidant enzymes in the absence of significant serum chemistry and genomic changes. | a novel dietary supplement composed of three well-known phytochemicals, namely, salvia officinalis (sage) extract, camellia sinensis (oolong tea) extract, and paullinia cupana (guarana) extract, and two prominent vitamins (thiamine and niacin) was designed to provide nutritional support by enhancing metabolism and maintaining healthy weight and energy. the present study evaluated the safety of this dietary supplement (stg; s=sage; t=tea; g=guarana) and assessed changes in target organ antioxidan ... | 2010 | 20716937 |
| white and green teas (camellia sinensis var. sinensis): variation in phenolic, methylxanthine, and antioxidant profiles. | recent investigations have associated white teas with anti-carcinogenic, immune-boosting, and antioxidative properties that may impact human health in a manner comparable to green teas. an in-depth chemical analysis of white tea types was conducted to quantify polyphenols and antioxidant potential of 8 commercially available white teas, and compare them to green tea. extraction and hplc protocols were optimized and validated for the quantification of 9 phenolic and 3 methylxanthine compounds to ... | 2010 | 20722909 |
| in vitro bioconversion of polyphenols from black tea and red wine/grape juice by human intestinal microbiota displays strong interindividual variability. | dietary polyphenols in tea and wine have been associated with beneficial health effects. after ingestion, most polyphenols are metabolized by the colonic microbiota. the current study aimed at exploring the interindividual variation of gut microbial polyphenol bioconversion from 10 healthy human subjects. in vitro fecal batch fermentations simulating conditions in the distal colon were performed using polyphenols from black tea and a mixture of red wine and grape juice. microbial bioconversion w ... | 2010 | 20726519 |