| mutualistic interaction between salmonella enterica and aspergillus niger and its effects on zea mays colonization. | salmonella typhimurium inhabits a variety of environments and is able to infect a broad range of hosts. throughout its life cycle, some hosts can act as intermediates in the path to the infection of others. aspergillus niger is a ubiquitous fungus that can often be found in soil or associated to plants and microbial consortia. recently, s. typhimurium was shown to establish biofilms on the hyphae of a. niger. in this work, we have found that this interaction is stable for weeks without a noticea ... | 2014 | 25351041 |
| [determination of the antimicrobial capacity of green tea (camellia sinensis) against the potentially pathogenic microorganisms escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, candida albicans and aspergillus niger]. | many studies can be found in scientific literature demonstrating the antimicrobial capacity of different herbs, including green tea. never-theless, many results are divergent or cannot be compared. several green tea formulations may be found in market, but there is scarce or non-information about its activity. in this work, the potential antimicrobial effect of 50 samples of dry green tea and in 10% infusion against escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus au ... | 2013 | 25362825 |
| antibacterial/antifungal activity and synergistic interactions between polyprenols and other lipids isolated from ginkgo biloba l. leaves. | polyprenols separated from lipids are promising new components from ginkgo biloba l. leaves (gbl). in this paper, ginkgo lipids were isolated by extraction with petroleum ether, saponification, and molecular distillation. eight known compounds: isophytol (1), nerolidol (2), linalool (3), β-sitosterol acetate (4), β-sitosterol (5), stigmasterol (6), ergosterol (7), β-sitosterol-3-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (8) and ginkgo biloba polyprenols (gbp) were separated from gbl by chromatography and identified ... | 2013 | 23434869 |
| antimicrobial and synergistic effects of silver nanoparticles synthesized using soil fungi of high altitudes of eastern himalaya. | fifty three fungi isolated from soils of different microhabitats of eastern himalayan range (3,400~3,600 msl) were screened for mycosynthesis of silver nanaoparticles (agnps) and their efficacy as antimicrobials were assessed in combination with commonly used antibiotics. three isolates aspergillus terreus sp5, paecilomyces lilacinus sf1 and fusarium sp. mp5 identified based on morphological and 18s rrna gene sequences were found to synthesize agnps. these nanoparticles were characterized by vis ... | 2012 | 22783131 |
| a serosurvey of greater sage-grouse ( centrocercus urophasianus ) in nevada, usa. | to better understand the potential avian diseases in greater sage-grouse ( centrocercus urophasianus ) in the great basin in nevada, us, we collected 31 blood samples march-april 2014 and tested for antibodies to eight viruses and two bacteria. specifically, sera were tested for antibodies to avian leukosis virus type a, b, and j (alv-a, alv-b, and alv-j, respectively), infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, reticuloendothelial virus, avian influenza virus (aiv), west nile ... | 2017 | 27705104 |
| development of an acid-resistant salmonella typhi ty21a attenuated vector for improved oral vaccine delivery. | the licensed oral, live-attenuated bacterial vaccine for typhoid fever, salmonella enterica serovar typhi strain ty21a, has also been utilized as a vaccine delivery platform for expression of diverse foreign antigens that stimulate protection against shigellosis, anthrax, plague, or human papilloma virus. however, ty21a is acid-labile and, for effective oral immunization, stomach acidity has to be either neutralized with buffer or by-passed with ty21a in an enteric-coated capsule (ecc). several ... | 2017 | 27673328 |
| stable expression of shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 o-antigen genes integrated into the chromosome of live salmonella oral vaccine vector ty21a. | typhoid fever and shigellosis cause high morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet no anti-shigella vaccine is currently available. however, to protect against typhoid fever, an approved vaccine, based on the attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhi strain ty21a is available. we have investigated ty21a as a live oral vaccine vector for expression of heterologous foreign antigens to protect against other diseases (e.g. shigellosis, anthrax, and plague). shigella lps is a potent vaccine antigen f ... | 2016 | 27655911 |
| extracellular synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles by sporosarcina koreensis dc4 and their biological applications. | the present study highlights the microbial synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles by sporosarcina koreensis dc4 strain, in an efficient way. the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, which displayed maximum absorbance at 424nm and 531nm for silver and gold nanoparticles, respectively. the spherical shape of nanoparticles was characterized by field emission transmission electron microscopy. the energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and elemental ... | 2016 | 26992796 |
| a strategic approach for rapid synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles by panax ginseng leaves. | the study highlights the synthesis of gold nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles by fresh leaves of panax ginseng, an herbal medicinal plant. the reduction of auric chloride and silver nitrate led to the formation of gold and silver nanoparticles within 3 and 45 min, at 80°c, respectively. the developed methodology was rapid, facile, ecofriendly and the utmost significant is quite economical, which did not require subsequent processing for reduction or stabilization of nanoparticles. the nanopa ... | 2016 | 26698271 |
| characterization and antimicrobial application of biosynthesized gold and silver nanoparticles by using microbacterium resistens. | various microorganisms were found to be cable of synthesizing gold and silver nanoparticles when gold and silver salts were supplied in the reaction system. the main objective of this study was to evaluate the extracellular synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles by the type strain microbacterium resistens(t) [kacc14505]. the biosynthesized gold and silver nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (uv-vis), field emission transmission electron micrograph (fe-tem), e ... | 2016 | 26597594 |
| biosynthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial applications of silver nanoparticles. | in the present study, the strain brevibacterium frigoritolerans dc2 was explored for the efficient and extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles. these biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, which detected the formation of silver nanoparticles in the reaction mixture and showed a maximum absorbance at 420 nm. in addition, field emission transmission electron microscopy revealed the spherical shape of the nanoparticles. the dynamic l ... | 2015 | 25848272 |
| targeting dxp synthase in human pathogens: enzyme inhibition and antimicrobial activity of butylacetylphosphonate. | the unique methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis is essential in most bacterial pathogens. the first enzyme in this pathway, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate (dxp) synthase, catalyzes a distinct thiamin diphosphate (thdp)-dependent reaction to form dxp from d-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (d-gap) and pyruvate and represents a potential anti-infective drug target. we have previously demonstrated that the unnatural bisubstrate analog, butylacetylphosphonate (bap), exhibits sele ... | 2014 | 24169798 |
| kinneretia thg-sqi4 mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and its antimicrobial efficacy. | simple, facile, effective approach for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using kinneretia species and its antimicrobial activity against human pathogens has been demonstrated in this study. kinneretia thg-sqi4 has been isolated from soil sample collected from shangqui, china. the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (uv-vis), field emission transmission electron microscopy (fe-tem), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (edx), elemental mapp ... | 2017 | 28211298 |
| epidihydropinidine, the main piperidine alkaloid compound of norway spruce (picea abies) shows promising antibacterial and anti-candida activity. | this study reports for the first time promising antibacterial and antifungal effects of epidihydropinidine, the major piperidine alkaloid in the needles and bark of norway spruce, picea abies (l.) karsten. epidihydropinidine was growth inhibitory against all bacterial and fungal strains used in our investigation, showing the lowest mic value of 5.37μg/ml against pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococcus faecalis, candida glabrata and c. albicans. epidihydropinidine was nearly three times more active ... | 2017 | 28163074 |
| bioactivity of a novel glycolipid produced by a halophilic buttiauxella sp. and improving submerged fermentation using a response surface method. | an antimicrobial glycolipid biosurfactant (gbs), extracted and identified from a marine bacterium, was studied to inhibit pathogenic microorganisms. production of the gbs was optimized using a statistical method, a response surface method (rsm) with a central composite design (ccd) for obtaining maximum yields on a cost-effective substrate, molasses. the gbs-producing bacterium was identified as buttiauxella species in terms of biochemical and molecular characteristics. this compound showed a de ... | 2016 | 27669197 |
| the impact of oxygen on bacterial enteric pathogens. | bacterial enteric pathogens are responsible for a tremendous amount of foodborne illnesses every year through the consumption of contaminated food products. during their transit from contaminated food sources to the host gastrointestinal tract, these pathogens are exposed and must adapt to fluctuating oxygen levels to successfully colonize the host and cause diseases. however, the majority of enteric infection research has been conducted under aerobic conditions. to raise awareness of the import ... | 2016 | 27261784 |
| biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by novosphingobium sp. thg-c3 and their antimicrobial potential. | the present study described biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) using a bacterial strain novosphingobium sp. thg-c3, isolated from soil, and their application in antibacterial activity. the maximum absorbance values of the synthesized agnps was measured at 406 nm in ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and were mostly spherical in shape with particle size in range of 8-25 nm by field emission transmission electron microscopy analysis. x-ray diffraction pattern corresponding to planes ( ... | 2017 | 27145847 |
| preparation and biological activity of new collagen composites, part i: collagen/zinc titanate nanocomposites. | the aim of this investigation was to develop new antimicrobial collagen/zinc titanate (zntio3) biomaterials using a sol-gel cryogenic draying technology in keeping the native collagen activity. broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity was demonstrated against firmicutes (staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus cereus, and candida lusitaniae) and gracilicutes (escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, and pseudomonas putida) microorganisms. the antimicrobial activity as well as the cytotoxicity were speci ... | 2016 | 27138724 |
| potential antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of autochthonous starter cultures and protease epg222 in dry-fermented sausages. | this work studied the presence of nitrogen compounds with bioactive properties in iberian pork sausages that were manufactured using different autochthonous starter cultures (pediococcus acidilactici ms200 and staphylococcus vitulus rs34) and protease epg222. nitrogen compounds were extracted and evaluated for their antimicrobial effect against spoilage and pathogenic bacteria, such as bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, salmonella choleraesuis, staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes, a ... | 2016 | 27112426 |
| antimicrobial effects of marine algal extracts and cyanobacterial pure compounds against five foodborne pathogens. | the marine environment is a proven source of structurally complex and biologically active compounds. in this study, the antimicrobial effects of a small collection of marine-derived extracts and isolates, were evaluated against 5 foodborne pathogens using a broth dilution assay. results demonstrated that algal extracts from padina and ulva species and cyanobacterial compounds antillatoxin b, laxaphycins a, b and b3, isomalyngamide a, and malyngamides c, i and j showed antimicrobial activity agai ... | 2016 | 26775951 |
| safety of street-vended soy wara in nigeria. | soy wara is a common ready-to-eat food whose production and sale are currently unregulated. microbiological sampling indicated that 21% of the samples had standard plate counts exceeding 100,000 cfu/g, and 14% had staphylococcus aureus counts higher than 100,000 cfu/g. the occurrence of s. aureus at these levels can result in food poisoning. listeria monocytogenes was isolated in 14.4% of the samples, although the counts were generally low, typically <1,000 cfu/g. although counts of l. monocytog ... | 2016 | 26735046 |
| the effects of citrus extract (citrox©) on the naturally occurring microflora and inoculated pathogens, bacillus cereus and salmonella enterica, in a model food system and the traditional greek yogurt-based salad tzatziki. | the antimicrobial effect of citrus extract (at 1 ml/kg [tc1] and 2 ml/kg [tc2]) on the naturally occurring microflora and inoculated pathogens (bacillus cereus and salmonella enterica, at ca. 6 log cfu/g) in the traditional greek yogurt-based salad tzatziki during storage under vacuum at 4 or 10 °c was examined. we also examined the effect of citrus extract (citrox(©)) against the two aforementioned pathogens in tryptic soy broth (tsb). of the two treatments, tc2 yielded the lowest yeast counts, ... | 2016 | 26678142 |
| purification and characterization of a novel plantaricin, kl-1y, from lactobacillus plantarum kl-1. | three bacteriocins from lactobacillus plantarum kl-1 were successfully purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation, cation-exchange chromatography and reverse-phase hplc. the bacteriocin peptides kl-1x, -1y and -1z had molecular masses of 3053.82, 3498.16 and 3533.16 da, respectively. all three peptides were stable at ph 2-12 and 25 °c and at high temperatures of 80 and 100 °c for 30 min and 121 °c for 15 min. however, they differed in their susceptibility to proteolytic enzymes and their inhi ... | 2015 | 25862353 |
| antibiotic-resistant bacteria: prevalence in food and inactivation by food-compatible compounds and plant extracts. | foodborne antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria such as campylobacter jejuni, bacillus cereus, clostridium perfringens, escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, staphylococcus aureus, vibrio cholerae, and vibrio parahemolyticus can adversely affect animal and human health, but a better understanding of the factors involved in their pathogenesis is needed. to help meet this need, this overview surveys and interprets much of our current knowledge of antibiotic (multidrug)-resistant bacteria in th ... | 2015 | 25856120 |
| antimicrobial activities of active component isolated from lawsonia inermis leaves and structure-activity relationships of its analogues against food-borne bacteria. | the antimicrobial activities of lawsonia inermis leaf extract and 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone analogues against food-borne bacteria. the antimicrobial activities of five fractions derived from the methanol extract of lawsonia inermis leaves were evaluated against 7 food-borne bacteria. 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone was isolated by chromatographic analyses. 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone showed the strong activities against bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica, shigella sonn ... | 2015 | 25829631 |
| improved in vitro assay for determining the mucin adherence of bacteria sensitive to triton x-100 treatment. | mucin-associated microbiota are in relatively close contact with the intestinal epithelium and may thus have a more pronounced effect on host health. we have previously developed a simple mucin agar assay to simulate initial mucus colonization by intestinal microbial communities. adherence of microbiota was estimated using flow cytometry after detachment with triton x-100. in this study, the effect of this detergent on the cultivability of both virulent and commensal strains was investigated. mu ... | 2015 | 25702162 |
| pyrosequencing analysis of microbial community and food-borne bacteria on restaurant cutting boards collected in seri kembangan, malaysia, and their correlation with grades of food premises. | this study adopts the pyrosequencing technique to identify bacteria present on 26 kitchen cutting boards collected from different grades of food premises around seri kembangan, a city in malaysia. pyrosequencing generated 452,401 of total reads of otus with an average of 1.4×10(7) bacterial cells/cm(2). proteobacteria, firmicutes and bacteroides were identified as the most abundant phyla in the samples. taxonomic richness was generally high with >1000 operational taxonomic units (otus) observed ... | 2015 | 25679309 |
| antimicrobial potential of cauliflower, broccoli, and okara byproducts against foodborne bacteria. | the antimicrobial potential of cauliflower, broccoli, and okara byproducts was assessed against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, escherichia coli o157:h7, bacillus cereus, and listeria monocytogenes serovar 4b growth behavior was assessed under exposure to 5% vegetable byproducts added to the reference medium, buffered peptone water (0.1% [wt/vol]), at 37°c. although the byproducts were not effective against l. monocytogenes, they were bactericid ... | 2015 | 25587927 |
| propidium monoazide combined with real-time pcr for selective detection of viable staphylococcus aureus in milk powder and meat products. | staphylococcus aureus is a spherical, gram-positive, pathogenic bacterium commonly associated with bovine mastitis and clinical infections. it is also recognized as a pathogen that causes outbreaks of food poisoning. the objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a rapid and reliable technique that combines propidium monoazide (pma) staining with real-time quantitative (q)pcr to detect and quantify viable cells of staph. aureus in milk powder and meat products. the inclusivity and exclu ... | 2015 | 25582587 |
| effect of white mustard essential oil on the growth of foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms and the effect of food components on its efficacy. | antimicrobial preservative compounds are added to foods to target specific pathogens and spoilage organisms. white mustard essential oil (wmeo) is an extract that contains 4-hydroxybenzyl isothiocyanate, a compound which has been demonstrated to have antimicrobial activity in limited studies. the objective of this research was to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of wmeo against gram-positive and gram-negative spoilage and pathogenic bacteria and determine the effect of food componen ... | 2014 | 25474051 |
| synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of biodegradable films prepared from schiff bases of zein. | pure zein is known to be very hydrophobic, but is still inappropriate for coating and film applications because of their brittle nature. in an attempt to improve the flexibility and the antimicrobial activity of these coatings and films, chemical modification of zein through forming schiff bases with different phenolic aldhydes was tried. influence of this modifications on mechanical, topographical, wetting properties and antimicrobial activity of zein films were evaluated. the chemical structur ... | 2014 | 25328181 |
| enhancement of mechanical properties, microstructure, and antimicrobial activities of zein films cross-linked using succinic anhydride, eugenol, and citric acid. | zein constitutes about half of the endosperm proteins in corn. recently, attempts have been made to utilize zein for food coatings and biodegradable materials, which require better physical properties, using chemical modification of zein. in this study, zein proteins were modified using citric acid, succinic anhydride, and eugenol as natural cross-linking agents in the wet state. the cross-linkers were added either separately or combined in increment concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4%). the ... | 2015 | 25036665 |
| unsaturated fatty acid, cis-2-decenoic acid, in combination with disinfectants or antibiotics removes pre-established biofilms formed by food-related bacteria. | biofilm formation by food-related bacteria and food-related pathogenesis are significant problems in the food industry. even though much disinfection and mechanical procedure exist for removal of biofilms, they may fail to eliminate pre-established biofilms. cis-2 decenoic acid (cda), an unsaturated fatty acid messenger produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa, is reportedly capable of inducing the dispersion of established biofilms by multiple types of microorganisms. however, whether cda has potenti ... | 2014 | 25000301 |
| antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties of wines and winery byproducts in relation to their flavonoid content. | grapes produce organic compounds that may be involved in the defense of the plants against invading phytopathogens. these metabolites include numerous phenolic compounds that are also active against human pathogens. grapes are used to produce a variety of wines, grape juices, and raisins. grape pomace, seeds, and skins, the remains of the grapes that are a byproduct of winemaking, also contain numerous bioactive compounds that differ from those found in grapes and wines. this overview surveys an ... | 2014 | 24945318 |
| development of 23 individual taqman® real-time pcr assays for identifying common foodborne pathogens using a single set of amplification conditions. | most of the acute intestinal diseases are caused by foodborne pathogens with infants and elderly people being at major risk. the aim of this study was to develop a procedure to simultaneously detect 20 foodborne pathogens in complex alimentary matrices such as milk, cheese and meat. the list of targets include, among the others, listeria spp., salmonella spp., shigella spp., escherichia coli spp., campylobacter spp., clostridium spp. and staphylococcus aureus. the accuracy of detection was deter ... | 2014 | 24929880 |
| radiation-treated ready-to-eat (rte) chicken breast adobo for immuno-compromised patients. | usually in hospitals low-bacterial diets are served to immuno-compromised patients (icps). however, low-bacterial diets still pose a high risk of microbial infections and limit the food selection of the patients. thus, pathogen-free dishes must be made available. this study presents the development of pathogen-free ready-to-eat (rte) filipino ethnic food chicken breast adobo, sterilized by exposure to high-dose gamma rays (25 kgy) in combination with conventional treatments. frozen vacuum-packed ... | 2014 | 24912709 |
| phytochemistry and preliminary assessment of the antibacterial activity of chloroform extract of amburana cearensis (allemão) a.c. sm. against klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing strains. | the chloroform extract of the stem bark of amburana cearensis was chemically characterized and tested for antibacterial activity.the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. the main compounds identified were 4-methoxy-3-methylphenol (76.7%), triciclene (3.9%), α -pinene (1.0%), β -pinene (2.2%), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (3.1%). preliminary antibacterial tests were carried out against species of distinct morphophysiological characteristics: escherichia coli, salmonella ... | 2014 | 24772183 |
| survival of foodborne pathogenic bacteria (bacillus cereus, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, staphylococcus aureus, and listeria monocytogenes) and bacillus cereus spores in fermented alcoholic beverages (beer and refined rice wine). | only limited information is available on the microbiological safety of fermented alcoholic beverages because it is still a common belief that such beverages do not provide a favorable environment for bacterial growth and survival. thus, in this study, we examined the survival of major foodborne pathogens and spores in fermented alcoholic beverages. foodborne pathogens (bacillus cereus, escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, and staphylococcus a ... | 2014 | 24674433 |
| antibacterial activity of different natural honeys from transylvania, romania. | honey is used in food industry and medicine due to its nutritive, therapeutic and dietetic qualities. the microbiological characteristics of 10 unpasteurized honey samples of known origin, collected from transylvania beekeepers (romania) were determined. the antibacterial activity of these types of honey against escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, salmonella enteritidis, salmonella anatum, salmonella choleraesuis, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis subsp. spizize ... | 2014 | 24380618 |
| a large outbreak of salmonellosis associated with sandwiches contaminated with multiple bacterial pathogens purchased via an online shopping service. | food sold over the internet is an emerging business that also presents a concern with regard to food safety. a nationwide foodborne disease outbreak associated with sandwiches purchased from an online shop in july 2010 is reported. consumers were telephone interviewed with a structured questionnaire and specimens were collected for etiological examination. a total of 886 consumers were successfully contacted and completed the questionnaires; 36.6% had become ill, with a median incubation period ... | 2014 | 24313786 |
| effect of the temperature of the dipping solution on the antimicrobial effectiveness of various chemical decontaminants against pathogenic and spoilage bacteria on poultry. | the influence of the temperature of the dipping solution on the antimicrobial effectiveness of several chemical poultry decontaminants was assessed. a total of 765 poultry legs were inoculated with gram-positive bacteria (listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, or brochothrix thermosphacta) or gram-negative bacteria (salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis, escherichia coli, yersinia enterocolitica, or pseudomonas fluorescens). samples were dipped for 15 min in solutions ... | 2013 | 23643125 |
| in vitro assessment of functional properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from faecal microbiota of healthy dogs for potential use as probiotics. | lactic acid bacteria were isolated and identified in the faeces of chinese crested and yorkshire terrier pups and their probiotic features were investigated in vitro. thirty seven isolates were identified as lactobacillus or enterococcus. out of these isolates, 31 were lactic acid bacteria (lab) and belonged to the species lactobacillus reuteri (16/37; 43.3%), lactobacillus animalis (7/37; 18.9%), lactobacillus acidophilus (3/37; 8.1%), lactobacillus sanfranciscensis (2/37; 5.4%), lactobacillus ... | 2013 | 23538205 |
| selection of dna aptamers for capture and detection of salmonella typhimurium using a whole-cell selex approach in conjunction with cell sorting. | alternative ligands such as nucleic acid aptamers can be used for pathogen capture and detection and offer advantages over antibodies, including reduced cost, ease of production and modification, and improved stability. dna aptamers demonstrating binding specificity to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium were identified by whole-cell-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (selex) beginning with a combinatorial library of biotin-labeled single stranded dna molecules. aptame ... | 2013 | 23494620 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oils from mediterranean aromatic plants against several foodborne and spoilage bacteria. | the antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from a variety of aromatic plants, often used in the portuguese gastronomy was studied in vitro by the agar diffusion method. the essential oils of thyme, oregano, rosemary, verbena, basil, peppermint, pennyroyal and mint were tested against gram-positive (listeria monocytogenes, clostridium perfringens, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecium, enterococcus faecalis, and staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative stra ... | 2013 | 23444311 |
| inhibitory effect of cinnamon powder on pathogen growth in laboratory media and oriental-style rice cakes (sulgidduk). | there has been an increasing interest in the use of natural plant materials as alternative food preservatives. we examined the antimicrobial effects of natural plant materials used as additives against foodborne pathogens in laboratory media and sulgidduk, oriental-style rice cakes. cinnamon, mugwort, and garlic powder solutions (3%) were tested for their antimicrobial activities against pathogens in laboratory media. sulgidduk prepared with different amounts of cinnamon powder (1, 3, and 6%) wa ... | 2013 | 23317869 |
| characterization of lactic acid bacteria from naturally-fermented manzanilla aloreña green table olives. | manzanilla aloreña (or aloreña) table olives are naturally fermented traditional green olives with a denomination of protection (dop). the aim of this study was to search for lactic acid bacteria (lab) with technological properties of interest for possible inclusion in a starter or protective culture preparation or also as probiotics. a collection of 144 lab obtained from aloreña green table olives naturally-fermented by four small-medium enterprises (smes) from málaga (spain), including lactoba ... | 2012 | 22986194 |
| antibacterial effect of phosphates and polyphosphates with different chain length. | the aim of this study was to monitor the antibacterial effect of seven phosphate salts on selected strains of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, which could be considered responsible for food-borne diseases (bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, micrococcus luteus, staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter freundii, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, salmonella enterica ser. enteritidis and pseudomonas aeruginosa). for these purposes, phosphates differing in chain length w ... | 2012 | 22934995 |
| probiotic activity of a bacterial strain isolated from ancient permafrost against salmonella infection in mice. | bacillus cereus strain f, collected from relict permafrost located in siberia, was analyzed for probiotic activity in the mouse salmonella enterica model. viable bacterial cells were found in frozen soils taken at mammoth mountain in yakutia from a depth below the level of seasonal thawing. geological data indicated the absence of a thawing within millions of years of deposited soils, which helped to ensure the ancient origin of our sample. according to dna analysis, bacterial cells collected fr ... | 2012 | 26782040 |
| antibiotic resistance and probiotic properties of dominant lactic microflora from tungrymbai, an ethnic fermented soybean food of india. | the present investigation was conducted to assess lactic acid bacteria present in traditionally fermented food of ethnic tribes in india for probiotic properties, antibacterial activity, and antibiotic tolerance behavior. enterococcus sp., lactobacillus sp., and lactococcus sp. showed antibacterial activity against bacillus cereus mtcc 430, staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus mtcc 740, and salmonella enterica ser. paratyphi a mtcc 735. lactococcus sp. and lactobacillus sp. could tolerate acidic ... | 2012 | 22752919 |
| identification of a new bacillus licheniformis strain producing a bacteriocin-like substance. | the emergence of antibiotic resistance has spurred a great number of studies for development of new antimicrobials in the past decade. the purpose of this study was to screen environmental samples for bacillus strains producing potent antimicrobial agents. a new strain, which showed strong antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus aureus and salmonella enterica ser. pullorum, was isolated from soil and designated as b116. this new isolate was identified as bacillus licheniformis by morpholog ... | 2012 | 22752909 |
| antimicrobial effects of silver nanoparticles against bacterial cells adhered to stainless steel surfaces. | given the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the need to synthesize new antimicrobials, silver has attracted interest in the scientific community because of its recognized antimicrobial activity. this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of silver nanoparticles (np) obtained by a new method and tested at concentrations of 6 μg/ml and 60 μg/ml against the species staphylococcus aureus, listeria innocua, salmonella choleraesuis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia ... | 2012 | 22488058 |
| potential probiotic attributes of a new strain of bacillus coagulans cgmcc 9951 isolated from healthy piglet feces. | a new strain of bacillus coagulans cgmcc 9551, which has a broad range of antibacterial activities against six main pathogenic bacteria including escherichia coli o8, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis, streptococcus suis, listeria monocytogenes and pasteurella multocida, was isolated from healthy piglet feces. in adhesion assay, the isolate exhibited a stronger adhesion to pig intestinal mucus than that of b. subtilis jt143 and l. acidophilus ly24 res ... | 2015 | 25752235 |
| a bioactivity guided study on the antibacterial activity of hertia cheirifolia l. extracts. | this study was carried out with the objective to investigate the antibacterial activity of hertia cheirifolia l. extracts against gram-positive and gram-negative strains including staphylococcus aureus (atcc 6538), bacillus subtilis (atcc 6633), bacillus licheniformis, esherichia coli (atcc 8739), pseudomonas aeruginosa (atcc 9027), salmonella enterica (cip 8039) and salmonella typhimirium. the results of this antibacterial screening showed that the ethyl acetate (etoac) extracts had the best ac ... | 2016 | 27769938 |
| controlling salmonella infection in weanling pigs through water delivery of direct-fed microbials or organic acids: part ii. effects on intestinal histology and active nutrient transport. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of water-delivered, direct-fed microbials (dfm) or organic acids on intestinal morphology and active nutrient absorption in weanling pigs after deliberate salmonella infection. pigs (n = 88) were weaned at 19 ± 2 d of age and assigned to 1 of the following treatments, which were administered for 14 d: 1) control diet; 2) control diet + dfm (enterococcus faecium, bacillus subtilis, and bacillus licheniformis) in drinking water at 10(9) cfu/l ... | 2012 | 22344321 |
| biocontrol of the internalization of salmonella enterica and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli in mung bean sprouts with an endophytic bacillus subtilis. | internalization of salmonella enterica and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) in seed sprouts poses a health risk to consumers, and the conventional sanitization methods are not always effective to reduce this risk. this study initiated a biocontrol approach to limit the internalization using endophytic bacillus subtilis strains, which were isolated from the inner tissue of mung bean seeds or lettuce stems. by using the deferred agar method, 12 strains of b. subtilis out of 94 putative b ... | 2017 | 28364624 |
| preliminary assessment on potentials of probiotic b. subtilis rx7 and b. methylotrophicus c14 strains as an immune modulator in salmonella-challenged weaned pigs. | a total of 40 crossbred weaned piglets (28 days old; [landrace × yorkshire] × duroc) were used for preliminary assessment on potentials of bacillus-based probiotics as an immune modulator in a salmonella typhimurium challenge model in a 3-week experiment. pigs were randomly allotted to four experimental diets according to their initial body weight (9.21 ± 1.1 kg) and sex (10 pigs per treatment; 5 barrows and 5 gilts). the dietary treatments were basal diet (con), basal diet + oral administration ... | 2017 | 28326485 |
| bacterial protein meta-interactomes predict cross-species interactions and protein function. | protein-protein interactions (ppis) can offer compelling evidence for protein function, especially when viewed in the context of proteome-wide interactomes. bacteria have been popular subjects of interactome studies: more than six different bacterial species have been the subjects of comprehensive interactome studies while several more have had substantial segments of their proteomes screened for interactions. the protein interactomes of several bacterial species have been completed, including s ... | 2017 | 28298180 |
| lactobacillus pentosus expressing porcine lactoferrin elevates antibacterial activity and improves the efficacy of vaccination against aujeszky's disease. | in this study, lactobacillus pentosus expressing porcine lactoferrin (plf) was tested for in vitro antibacterial activity and for its ability to enhance immunity induced by an orally administered aujeszky's disease virus (adv) vaccine. the cdna encoding n-terminus of plf was cloned into a lactobacillus-specific plasmid to produce l. pentosus plf expressing transformants (ppg612.1-plfn/ l. pentosus). the antimicrobial activity of the recombinant plf protein inhibited bacterial growth in vitro. th ... | 2016 | 27653426 |
| cellulolytic potential of probiotic bacillus subtilis ams6 isolated from traditional fermented soybean (churpi): an in-vitro study with regards to application as an animal feed additive. | the aim of the present study is to evaluate the probiotic attributes of bacillus subtilis ams6 isolated from fermented soybean (churpi). this isolate exhibited tolerance to low ph (ph 2.0) and bile salt (0.3%), capability to autoaggregate and coaggregate. ams6 also showed highest antibacterial activity against the pathogenic indicator strain salmonella enterica typhimurium (mtcc 1252) and susceptibility towards different antibiotics tested. the isolate was effective in inhibiting the adherence o ... | 2017 | 27242144 |
| screening of probiotic activities of lactobacilli strains isolated from traditional tibetan qula, a raw yak milk cheese. | in this study, 69 lactobacilli isolated from tibetan qula, a raw yak milk cheese, were screened for their potential use as probiotics. the isolates were tested in terms of: their ability to survive at ph 2.0, ph 3.0, and in the presence of 0.3% bile salts; tolerance of simulated gastric and intestinal juices; antimicrobial activity; sensitivity against 11 specific antibiotics; and their cell surface hydrophobicity. the results show that out of the 69 strains, 29 strains (42%) had survival rates ... | 2016 | 26954218 |
| gut-colonizing bacteria promote c. elegans innate immunity by producing nitric oxide. | many commensal bacteria in the gut are beneficial to the host immune system, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unclear. using culture-independent illumina miseq sequencing of the bacterial 16s rrna gene amplicons, we show that bacterial diversity in the intestine of caenorhabditis elegans, the free-living nematode, is distinct from that in soil. of these bacteria, bacillus subtilis is the most prominent species in the worm gut. we demonstrate that b. subtilis confers worm resistance to i ... | 2016 | 26854225 |
| compounds in a particular production lot of tryptic soy broth inhibit staphylococcus aureus cell growth. | staphylococcus aureus newman strain and several methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) clinical isolates were grown on agar plates prepared with conventional lots of tryptic soy broth (tsb). cell growth of these strains was inhibited on agar plates containing tsb of a particular product lot (lot a), whereas the cell growth of s. aureus rn4220 strain and several other mrsa clinical isolates was not inhibited. the cell growth of a strain of s. epidermidis was also inhibited on agar plates containi ... | 2015 | 26193939 |
| crystal structure of β-n-acetylglucosaminidase cbsa from thermotoga neapolitana. | cbsa from the thermophilic marine bacteria thermotoga neapolitana is a chitinolyitc enzyme that can cleave a glycosidic bond of the polymer n-acetylglucosamine at the non-reducing end. this enzyme has particularly high activity on di-n-acetylchitobiose. cbsa consists of a family of 3 glycoside hydrolase (gh3)-type catalytic domains and a unique c-terminal domain. the c-terminal domain distinguishes cbsa from other gh3-type enzymes. sequence analyses have suggested that cbsa has the asp-his dyad ... | 2015 | 26187666 |
| near-infrared spectroscopy for the detection and quantification of bacterial contaminations in pharmaceutical products. | accurate detection and quantification of microbiological contaminations remains an issue mainly due the lack of rapid and precise analytical techniques. standard methods are expensive and time-consuming being associated to high economic losses and public health threats. in the context of pharmaceutical industry, the development of fast analytical techniques able to overcome these limitations is crucial and spectroscopic techniques might constitute a reliable alternative. in this work we proved t ... | 2015 | 26151105 |
| tracking the elusive function of bacillus subtilis hfq. | rna-binding protein hfq is a key component of the adaptive responses of many proteobacterial species including escherichia coli, salmonella enterica and vibrio cholera. in these organisms, the importance of hfq largely stems from its participation to regulatory mechanisms involving small non-coding rnas. in contrast, the function of hfq in gram-positive bacteria has remained elusive and somewhat controversial. in the present study, we have further addressed this point by comparing growth phenoty ... | 2015 | 25915524 |
| chemical assessment and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi extracts isolated from costus spiralis (jacq.) roscoe (costaceae). | costus spiralis (costaceae) is a species native to the amazon region and is used in traditional medicine. the endophytic fungi used in this study were obtained from leaves of this plant. 13 strains were selected to obtain hydroethanolic extracts and were submitted to hydroalcoholic extraction and evaluated for antioxidant activity by dpph (2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil) and frap (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and all of the fungi had positive results. the antimicrobial action of crude extra ... | 2014 | 25587339 |
| proteome-wide lysine acetylation profiling of the human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis. | n(ɛ)-acetylation of lysine residues represents a pivotal post-translational modification used by both eukaryotes and prokaryotes to modulate diverse biological processes. mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis, one of the most formidable public health threats. many aspects of the biology of m. tuberculosis remain elusive, in particular the extent and function of n(ɛ)-lysine acetylation. with a combination of anti-acetyllysine antibody-based immunoaffinity enrichment wi ... | 2015 | 25456444 |
| bacterial virulence analysis using brine shrimp as an infection model in relation to the importance of quorum sensing and proteases. | brine shrimp are aquatic crustaceans belonging to a genus of artemia. this organism is widely used for testing the toxicity of chemicals. in this study, brine shrimp were evaluated as an infection model organism to study bacterial virulence. artemia nauplii were infected with various pathogenic bacteria, such as vibrio vulnificus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, burkholderia vietnamiensis, staphylococcus aureus, and escherichia coli, and the susceptibility to these bacteria was investigated by counting ... | 2014 | 25420421 |
| immune response of salmonella challenged broiler chickens fed diets containing gallipro®, a bacillus subtilis probiotic. | this study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding a probiotic, bacillus subtilis, on antibody titers against newcastle and infectious bursal viruses in broiler chickens challenged with salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. one hundred and sixty 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments in a completely randomized design. the treatments were negative control, probiotic-treated group, challenged group, and challenged probiotic treated group. salmonella chall ... | 2015 | 25344127 |
| flgm is secreted by the flagellar export apparatus in bacillus subtilis. | the bacterial flagellum is assembled from over 20 structural components, and flagellar gene regulation is morphogenetically coupled to the assembly state by control of the anti-sigma factor flgm. in the gram-negative bacterium salmonella enterica, flgm inhibits late-class flagellar gene expression until the hook-basal body structural intermediate is completed and flgm is inhibited by secretion from the cytoplasm. here we demonstrate that flgm is also secreted in the gram-positive bacterium bacil ... | 2015 | 25313396 |
| antimicrobial activity of fermented theobroma cacao pod husk extract. | theobroma cacao l. contains more than 500 different chemical compounds some of which have been traditionally used for their antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, immunomodulatory, vasodilatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial activities. spontaneous aerobic fermentation of cacao husks yields a crude husk extract (che) with antimicrobial activity. che was fractioned by solvent partition with polar solvent extraction or by silica gel chromatography and a total of 12 sub-fractions were analyzed for chemical ... | 2014 | 25299086 |
| genome-scale co-expression network comparison across escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium reveals significant conservation at the regulon level of local regulators despite their dissimilar lifestyles. | availability of genome-wide gene expression datasets provides the opportunity to study gene expression across different organisms under a plethora of experimental conditions. in our previous work, we developed an algorithm called comodo (conserved modules across organisms) that identifies conserved expression modules between two species. in the present study, we expanded comodo to detect the co-expression conservation across three organisms by adapting the statistics behind it. we applied comodo ... | 2014 | 25101984 |
| flgn is required for flagellum-based motility by bacillus subtilis. | the assembly of the bacterial flagellum is exquisitely controlled. flagellar biosynthesis is underpinned by a specialized type iii secretion system that allows export of proteins from the cytoplasm to the nascent structure. bacillus subtilis regulates flagellar assembly using both conserved and species-specific mechanisms. here, we show that yvyg is essential for flagellar filament assembly. we define yvyg as an orthologue of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium type iii secretion system ... | 2014 | 24706744 |
| regulation of bacterial physiology by lysine acetylation of proteins. | post-translational modification of proteins is a reversible mechanism of cellular adaptation to changing environmental conditions. in eukaryotes, the physiological relevance of n-ɛ-lysine protein acetylation is well demonstrated. in recent times, important roles in the regulation of metabolic processes in bacteria are being uncovered, adding complexity to cellular regulatory networks. the aim of this mini-review is to sum up the current state-of-the-art in the regulation of bacterial physiology ... | 2014 | 24636882 |
| high-level expression, purification and characterisation of porcine β-defensin 2 in pichia pastoris and its potential as a cost-efficient growth promoter in porcine feed. | porcine β-defensin 2 (pbd2), a recently discovered porcine defensin that is produced by the intestine, exerts antimicrobial activities and innate immune effects that are linked to intestinal diseases in pigs. here, we report a codon-optimised protein corresponding to mature pbd2 cdna that was expressed and purified in pichia pastoris yeast. the highest amount of secreted protein (3,694.0 mg/l) was reached 144 h into a 150-h induction during high-density cultivation. precipitation followed by gel ... | 2014 | 24515729 |
| antimicrobial function of shβap, a novel hemoglobin β chain-related antimicrobial peptide, isolated from the liver of skipjack tuna, katsuwonus pelamis. | a 2.3 kda of antimicrobial peptide was purified from an acidified liver extract of skipjack tuna, katsuwonus pelamis, by preparative acid-urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and c18 reversed-phase hplc. a comparison of the amino acid sequence of the purified peptide with those of other known polypeptides revealed high homology with the c-terminus of hemoglobin β-chain; thus, this peptide was designated as the skipjack hemoglobin β chain-related antimicrobial peptide (shβap). shβap showed pot ... | 2014 | 24495783 |
| novel kojic acid-polymer-based magnetic nanocomposites for medical applications. | iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (mnps) were synthesized by the coprecipitation of iron salts in sodium hydroxide followed by coating separately with chitosan (cs) and polyethylene glycol (peg) to form cs-mnps and peg-mnps nanoparticles, respectively. they were then loaded with kojic acid (ka), a pharmacologically bioactive natural compound, to form ka-cs-mnps and ka-peg-mnps nanocomposites, respectively. the mnps and their nanocomposites were characterized using powder x-ray diffraction, fouri ... | 2014 | 24453486 |
| use of metagenomics and isolation of actinobacteria in brazil's atlantic rainforest soil for antimicrobial prospecting. | modern techniques involving molecular biology, such as metagenomics, have the advantage of exploiting a higher number of microorganisms; however, classic isolation and culture methods used to obtain antimicrobials continue to be promising, especially in the isolation of actinobacteria, which are responsible for the production of many of these compounds. in this work, two methodologies were used to search for antimicrobial substances-isolation of actinobacteria and metagenomics of the atlantic ra ... | 2014 | 25937991 |
| synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial properties of copper nanoparticles. | copper nanoparticle synthesis has been gaining attention due to its availability. however, factors such as agglomeration and rapid oxidation have made it a difficult research area. in the present work, pure copper nanoparticles were prepared in the presence of a chitosan stabilizer through chemical means. the purity of the nanoparticles was authenticated using different characterization techniques, including ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, f ... | 2013 | 24293998 |
| comparison of 3m petrifilm aerobic count plates to standard plating methodology for use with aoac antimicrobial efficacy methods 955.14, 955.15, 964.02, and 966.04 as an alternative enumeration procedure: collaborative study. | a multilaboratory study was conducted to determine the equivalence of the 3m petrifilm aerobic count plate and standard plating methodology for measuring viable bacteria and spores recovered from hard-surface carriers (stainless steel and porcelain), also known as "control carrier counts," used in aoac antimicrobial efficacy test methods. six laboratories participated in the study in which carriers inoculated with staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella enterica, and spores of ... | 2013 | 24000742 |
| conducting nanosponge electroporation for affordable and high-efficiency disinfection of bacteria and viruses in water. | high-efficiency, affordable, and low energy water disinfection methods are in great need to prevent diarrheal illness, which is one of the top five leading causes of death over the world. traditional water disinfection methods have drawbacks including carcinogenic disinfection byproducts formation, energy and time intensiveness, and pathogen recovery. here, we report an innovative method that achieves high-efficiency water disinfection by introducing nanomaterial-assisted electroporation impleme ... | 2013 | 23987737 |
| cgmolluscidin, a novel dibasic residue repeat rich antimicrobial peptide, purified from the gill of the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas. | a 5.5 kda antimicrobial peptide consisting of 55 amino acids, cgmolluscidin, was purified from the acidified gill extract of the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas, by ion-exchange and c18 reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. by comparing the n-terminal amino acid sequences and the molecular weight of this peptide with those of other known antimicrobial peptides, it has been revealed that this peptide had no homology with any known peptides. cgmolluscidin showed potent antimicro ... | 2013 | 23711469 |
| the acetylproteome of gram-positive model bacterium bacillus subtilis. | n(ε) -lysine acetylation, a reversible and highly regulated ptm, has been shown to occur in the model gram-negative bacteria escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. here, we extend this acetylproteome analysis to bacillus subtilis, a model gram-positive bacterium. through anti-acetyllysine antibody-based immunoseparation of acetylpeptides followed by nano-hplc/ms/ms analysis, we identified 332 unique lysine-acetylated sites on 185 proteins. these proteins are mainly involved in cellular housek ... | 2013 | 23468065 |
| evaluation antibacterial activity of quaternary-based chitin/chitosan derivatives in vitro. | total of 3 water-soluble quaternary-based chitin/chitosan derivatives, which have an identical molecular weight and anion, were synthesized and characterized. their antibacterial activities against salmonella cholerae-suis and bacillus subtilis were evaluated in vitro. the polysaccharides exhibited the antibacterial efficiency. their minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values vary from 0.02 to 20.48 mg/ml, and their minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) values vary from 0.08 to 40.96 mg/ml ... | 2013 | 23301607 |
| synthesis and characterization of vo(ii), co(ii), ni(ii), cu(ii) and zn(ii) complexes of chromone based azo-linked schiff base ligand. | azo-schiff-base complexes of vo(ii), co(ii), ni(ii), cu(ii) and zn(ii) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, ir, uv-vis, (1)h nmr, mass spectra, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurement, electron spin resonance (epr), cv, fluorescence, nlo and sem. the conductance data indicate the nonelectrolytic nature of the complexes, except vo(ii) complex which is electrolytic in nature. on the basis of electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility octahedral geometry ... | 2012 | 22982386 |
| molecular characterization of the flagellar hook in bacillus subtilis. | the structure of the gram-positive flagellum is poorly understood, and bacillus subtilis encodes three proteins homologous to the flagellar hook protein from salmonella enterica. here we generated a modified b. subtilis hook protein that could be fluorescently stained using a cysteine-reactive dye. we used the fluorescently labeled hook to demonstrate that flge is the hook structural protein and that flik regulated hook length. we further demonstrate that two proteins of unknown function, flho a ... | 2012 | 22730131 |
| caenorhabditis elegans immune conditioning with the probiotic bacterium lactobacillus acidophilus strain ncfm enhances gram-positive immune responses. | although the immune response of caenorhabditis elegans to microbial infections is well established, very little is known about the effects of health-promoting probiotic bacteria on evolutionarily conserved c. elegans host responses. we found that the probiotic gram-positive bacterium lactobacillus acidophilus ncfm is not harmful to c. elegans and that l. acidophilus ncfm is unable to colonize the c. elegans intestine. conditioning with l. acidophilus ncfm significantly decreased the burden of a ... | 2012 | 22585961 |
| biosynthesis of arginine and polyamines. | early investigations on arginine biosynthesis brought to light basic features of metabolic regulation. the most significant advances of the last 10 to 15 years concern the arginine repressor, its structure and mode of action in both e. coli and salmonella typhimurium, the sequence analysis of all arg structural genes in e. coli and salmonella typhimurium, the resulting evolutionary inferences, and the dual regulation of the carab operon. this review provides an overall picture of the pathways, t ... | 2004 | 26443366 |
| green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by bacillus methylotrophicus, and their antimicrobial activity. | the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) by microorganisms is an area attracting growing interest in nanobiotechnology, due to the applications of these nanoparticles in various products including cosmetics and biosensors, and in the biomedical, clinical, and bioimaging fields as well. various microorganisms have been found to be able to synthesize agnps when silver salts are supplied in the reaction system. the main objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficiency of synthesis of a ... | 2016 | 25749281 |
| respiration of microbiota-derived 1,2-propanediol drives salmonella expansion during colitis. | intestinal inflammation caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium increases the availability of electron acceptors that fuel a respiratory growth of the pathogen in the intestinal lumen. here we show that one of the carbon sources driving this respiratory expansion in the mouse model is 1,2-propanediol, a microbial fermentation product. 1,2-propanediol utilization required intestinal inflammation induced by virulence factors of the pathogen. s. typhimurium used both aerobic and anaerobic ... | 2017 | 28056091 |
| collateral damage: insights into bacterial mechanisms that predispose host cells to cancer. | infections are estimated to contribute to 20% of all human tumours. viruses are known to induce cell transformation, but evidence has also linked bacteria, such as helicobacter pylori and salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi, to different cancer types. in addition, chlamydia trachomatis, fusobacterium nucleatum and bacteroides fragilis are associated with the development of cancer, although a causal relationship has not yet been established. bacterial effectors such as colibactin an ... | 2017 | 28045107 |
| growth-inhibiting and morphostructural effects of constituents identified in asarum heterotropoides root on human intestinal bacteria. | the growth-inhibiting and morphostructural effects of seven constituents identified in asarum heterotropoides root on 14 intestinal bacteria were compared with those of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin. | 2013 | 24083511 |
| evaluation of colonisation resistance in stool of human donors using ex vivo, in vitro and in vivo assays. | the indigenous microbiota is the population of microorganisms normally present on the surface and mucosa of an individual, where it performs essential health functions, including the colonisation resistance (cr) against pathogens. to identify the bacteria responsible and the mechanisms involved in the cr, the germ-free (gf) animal model has been used, because in vitro studies cannot always be extrapolated to what occurs in vivo. in this study, ex vivo antagonism assays against seven enteropathog ... | 2017 | 28116929 |
| photoinactivation of eight health-relevant bacterial species: determining the importance of the exogenous indirect mechanism. | it is presently unknown to what extent the endogenous direct, endogenous indirect, and exogenous indirect mechanisms contribute to bacterial photoinactivation in natural surface waters. in this study, we investigated the importance of the exogenous indirect mechanism by conducting photoinactivation experiments with eight health-relevant bacterial species (bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, campylobacter jejuni, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli k12, e. coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica serovar ... | 2016 | 27121126 |
| alternative fecal indicators and their empirical relationships with enteric viruses, salmonella enterica, and pseudomonas aeruginosa in surface waters of a tropical urban catchment. | the suitability of traditional microbial indicators (i.e., escherichia coli and enterococci) has been challenged due to the lack of correlation with pathogens and evidence of possible regrowth in the natural environment. in this study, the relationships between alternative microbial indicators of potential human fecal contamination (bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, methanobrevibacter smithii, human polyomaviruses [hpyvs], and f+ and somatic coliphages) and pathogens (salmonella spp., pseudomonas ae ... | 2015 | 25416765 |
| discovery of selective inhibitors of the clostridium difficile dehydroquinate dehydratase. | a vibrant and healthy gut flora is essential for preventing the proliferation of clostridium difficile, a pathogenic bacterium that causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms. in fact, most c. difficile infections (cdis) occur after broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, which, by eradicating the commensal gut bacteria, allows its spores to proliferate. hence, a c. difficile specific antibiotic that spares the gut flora would be highly beneficial in treating cdi. towards this goal, we set out to disc ... | 2014 | 24586713 |
| microbiota-liberated host sugars facilitate post-antibiotic expansion of enteric pathogens. | the human intestine, colonized by a dense community of resident microbes, is a frequent target of bacterial pathogens. undisturbed, this intestinal microbiota provides protection from bacterial infections. conversely, disruption of the microbiota with oral antibiotics often precedes the emergence of several enteric pathogens. how pathogens capitalize upon the failure of microbiota-afforded protection is largely unknown. here we show that two antibiotic-associated pathogens, salmonella enterica s ... | 2013 | 23995682 |
| health survey of free-ranging raccoons (procyon lotor) in central park, new york, new york, usa: implications for human and domestic animal health. | we conducted health assessments on 113 free-ranging raccoons ( procyon lotor ) in central park, new york city, us, in february 2010, september 2010, and november 2011 in conjunction with a trap-vaccinate-release program to control a raccoon rabies epizootic. five individuals were sampled at two time points for 118 raccoon examinations in total. we tested 13 of 13 and 8 of 13 euthanized raccoons for rabies and canine distemper virus (cdv), respectively, by antigen testing on brain tissue; all wer ... | 2017 | 28135131 |
| influence of 6 different intestinal bacteria on beltsville small white turkey semen. | the turkey industry relies totally on artificial insemination to continue and improve production. if something compromises the insemination process, such as contaminated semen, it becomes a detrimental loss to the industry. bacteria have been found in broiler breeder males to reduce sperm motility. the sperm quality index (sqi) is a quick method to determine avian sperm motility using the sperm quality analyzer (sqa). therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if bacteria have an ef ... | 2016 | 27081196 |
| assessing the effects of exposure to environmental stress on some functional properties of bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis. | this study assessed the effects of exposing a strain of bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis to acid, bile and osmotic stresses on antagonistic properties, biofilm formation and antibiotic susceptibility/resistance profile. exposure to each stress factor appeared to have no significant effect on the antagonism against escherichia coli nctc 12900 and salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis pt4. no suppression in biofilm formation due to exposure to stress was observed. bile and osmotic stresses r ... | 2014 | 25097108 |