| molecular marker dissection of rice (oryza sativa l.) plant architecture under temperate and tropical climates. | rice ( oryza sativa l.) plants develop vertically with shoot elongation and horizontally with tillering. the purpose of this study was to identify and characterize genomic regions influencing the rice plant architecture by quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis for the component traits: culm length (cl), panicle length (pnl), panicle number (pnn) and tiller number (tn). for this qtl analysis, 191 recombinant inbred lines (f(7)) derived from a cross of milyang 23 (m23) and akihikari (ak) were gr ... | 2003 | 12920520 |
| effect of the herbicides oxadiazon and oxyfluorfen on phosphates solubilizing microorganisms and their persistence in rice fields. | a field experiment has been conducted with two herbicides viz. oxadiazon [5-terbutyl-3-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-one] and oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene] at rates of 0.4 and 0.12 kg a.i. ha(-1), respectively, to investigate their effect on the growth and activities of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms in relation to availability of phosphorus as well as persistence of the herbicides in the rhizosphere soil of wetland ric ... | 2003 | 12919781 |
| mapping of quantitative trait loci associated with ultraviolet-b resistance in rice (oryza sativa l.). | the detection of quantitative trait loci (qtls) associated with uv-b resistance in rice should allow their practical application in breeding for such a complex trait, and may lead to the identification of gene characteristics and functions. considerable variation in uv-b resistance exists within cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.), but its detailed genetic control mechanism has not been well elucidated. we detected putative qtls associated with the resistance to enhanced uv-b radiation in rice, us ... | 2003 | 12898021 |
| 1h, 13c and 15n resonance assignments of rice telomere binding domain from oryza sativa. | | 2003 | 12878845 |
| a new mite family, pangrangja, in gramineae species. | the miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (mite) is a type of class ii transposon. we have isolated a new mite, pangrangja, from the species oryza. although pangrangja elements are present in a number of gramineae species, they are more prevalent in a genome oryza species, triticum, aegilops, hordeum, and tripsacum. the pangrangja has a 16 bp terminal inverted repeat (tir) and conserved trinucleotides 5'-ttg-3' and 5'-aaa-3' at both ends. the tir starts with 5'-cagt-3', similar to the m ... | 2003 | 12872996 |
| high-throughput functional affinity purification of mannose binding proteins from oryza sativa. | we have used affinity chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry to isolate, identify, and assign a preliminary functional annotation to a large number of both known and novel proteins from rice. rice (oryza sativa) leaf, root, and seed tissue extracts were fractionated by column affinity chromatography using alpha-d-mannose as the ligand. bound fractions were eluted and subjected to one-dimensional electrophoresis, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectro ... | 2003 | 12872227 |
| collection, mapping, and annotation of over 28,000 cdna clones from japonica rice. | we collected and completely sequenced 28,469 full-length complementary dna clones from oryza sativa l. ssp. japonica cv. nipponbare. through homology searches of publicly available sequence data, we assigned tentative protein functions to 21,596 clones (75.86%). mapping of the cdna clones to genomic dna revealed that there are 19,000 to 20,500 transcription units in the rice genome. protein informatics analysis against the interpro database revealed the existence of proteins presented in rice bu ... | 2003 | 12869764 |
| correlations between cadmium and mineral nutrients in absorption and accumulation in various genotypes of rice under cadmium stress. | the absorption and accumulation of cd2+, fe3+, zn2+, mn2+, cu2+ and mg2+ in the roots and leaves of 20 rice cultivars (oryza sativa l.) with different genotypes under cadmium (cd) stress were investigated with pot experiments. the results showed that there existed significant differences among the rice cultivars in the contents of six mineral elements in both roots and leaves at both heading and ripening periods. the statistical analysis showed that, for their contents in roots, significant and ... | 2003 | 12867177 |
| method development for the determination of iron in milligram amounts of rice plants (oryza sativa l.) from cultivation experiments using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. | the amount of sample that is available for analysis in laboratory plant cultivation experiments is usually very limited. highly sensitive analytical techniques are therefore required, even for elements that are present in the plants at mg g(-1) concentrations, and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (gfaas) was chosen in this work because of its micro-sampling capability, and its relatively simple operation. four micro-methods were investigated for the determination of iron in roots ... | 2003 | 12861434 |
| hydraulic properties of rice and the response of gas exchange to water stress. | we investigated the role of xylem cavitation, plant hydraulic conductance, and root pressure in the response of rice (oryza sativa) gas exchange to water stress. in the field (philippines), the percentage loss of xylem conductivity (plc) from cavitation exceeded 60% in leaves even in watered controls. the plc versus leaf water potential relationship indicated diurnal refilling of cavitated xylem. the leaf water potential causing 50 plc (p(50)) was -1.6 mpa and did not differ between upland versu ... | 2003 | 12857848 |
| effect of irradiance on the partitioning of assimilated carbon during the early phase of grain filling in rice. | low irradiance in the early phase of grain filling in rice often results in a low grain yield, but its effects on the partitioning of previously or recently assimilated carbon within the plant or panicle have not been seriously examined. the objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of shading during the different stages in the early phase of grain filling on the partitioning of previously or recently assimilated carbon among constituent organs and into superior and inferior spikelet ... | 2003 | 12853283 |
| production of doubled haploids through anther culture of m1 rice plants derived from mutagenized fertilized egg cells. | to produce stable mutants from mankeumbyeo, a japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) variety, we estimated the mutation efficiency of ethyl methane sulfonate (ems) and n-methyl-n-nitrosourea (mnu) on fertilized egg cells using doubled haploids (dhs) derived from anther culture of m1 plants. m1 seed production and germination were higher in 1 mm mnu than in 94.2 mm ems. a total of 68 dhs (35.4%) were regenerated by anther culture of m1 plants. twenty-one dhs (30.9%) were stable mutants, 14 dhs (20.6%) w ... | 2003 | 12845474 |
| an ap2/erebp-type transcription-factor gene from rice is cold-inducible and encodes a nuclear-localized protein. | we cloned an ap2/erebp gene by dot blotting and named it osdrebl. analysis of its deduced amino-acid sequence indicated that this protein had a potential nuclear-localization signal, a possible acidic-activation domain and an ap2 dna binding domain. northern analysis showed that the transcripts of osdrebl accumulated rapidly (within 30 min) in response to low temperature, but not in response to aba, nacl and dehydration treatments. southern analysis indicated the presence of a single-copy of the ... | 2003 | 12844217 |
| biochemical and molecular characterization of a rice glutelin allele for the glua-1 gene. | the rice ( oryza sativa l.) mutant of glu4a, lacking the glutelin alpha-2 subunit while the alpha-1 subunit increased (alpha-1h/alpha-2l), was used in this study. two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis revealed that the mutant lacked the polypeptide pi6.71/alpha-2 encoded by glu4 while forming a new polypeptide of pi6.50/alpha-1. experiments were conducted to identify the relationships between the mutated polypeptides of the mutant and to illustrate the mutation mechanism of the allele. peptid ... | 2003 | 12835929 |
| rice ubiquitin promoters: deletion analysis and potential usefulness in plant transformation systems. | strong constitutive promoters form a cornerstone for basic and applied research using transgenic plants. gus (beta-glucuronidase) expression levels from constructs containing rubq1 or rub2 rice ubiquitin promoters were 8- to 35-fold higher in transgenic rice [oryza sativa (l.)] plants, respectively, when compared to the 35s promoter. deletion analysis of the 5'-upstream region of rubq2 revealed a putative enhancer region that produced a 2.4-fold increase in transient gus expression. southern blo ... | 2003 | 12827439 |
| a snapshot of the low temperature stress transcriptome of developing rice seedlings (oryza sativa l.) via ests from subtracted cdna library. | rice (oryza sativa l.) is sensitive to chilling particularly during early seedling development. given the biochemical complexity of tolerance mechanisms, genetic potential for this trait depends on highly coordinated expression of many genes. we used a simple cdna subtraction strategy to develop expressed sequence tags (ests) that represent an important subset of cold stress-upregulated genes. the 3,084 subtracted cdna clones represent a total of 1,967 unigenes from 1,354 singletons and 613 cont ... | 2003 | 12827255 |
| family 19 chitinase from rice (oryza sativa l.): substrate-binding subsites demonstrated by kinetic and molecular modeling studies. | a family 19 chitinase (oschia1c, class i) from rice, oryza sativa l., and its chitin-binding domain-truncated mutant (oschia1c deltacbd, class ii) were produced by the pichia expression system, and the hydrolytic mechanism toward n-acetylglucosamine hexasaccharide [(glcnac)6] was investigated by hplc analysis of the reaction products. the profile of the time-course of (glcnac)6 degradation obtained by oschia1c was identical to that obtained by oschia1c deltacbd, indicating that the chitin-bindin ... | 2003 | 12825688 |
| osset1, a novel set-domain-containing gene from rice. | a novel set-domain-containing gene osset1 was isolated from rice (oryza sativa l.). its deduced protein consists of 895 amino acids. osset1 has a high degree of structure similarity to other set-domain-containing genes such as clf in higher plants and e(z) in animals. rt-pcr showed that the gene expresses throughout the entire plant. a transient expression assay in onion epidermis revealed that the osset1 protein is localized in nuclei. over-expression of the set domain of osset1 in arabidopsis ... | 2003 | 12815033 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci underlying appearance quality of rice grains (oryza sativa l.). | ninety-eight backcross inbred lines (bils) derived from a subspecific cross of nipponbare (japonica)/kasalath (indica)//nipponbare and its genetic linkage map were used to identify quantitative trait locus (qtl) controlling rice appearance quality traits such as grain length (gl), grain width (gw), length-width ratio (lwr), percentage of grains with chalkiness (pgwc), square of chalky endosperm (sce), degree of endosperm chalkiness (dec) and grain endosperm transparency (get) by composite interv ... | 2003 | 12812091 |
| qtl and epistatic interaction underlying leaf chlorophyll and h2o2 content variation in rice (oryza sativa l.). | it is meaningful to study the genetics of the traits associated with photosynthesis such as leaf chlorophyll and h2o2 contents for high yield breeding in rice. a mapping population of 98 bc1f9 lines (backcross inbred lines, bil), derived from a backcross of nipponbare (japonica)/kasalath(indica)//nipponbare by the single-seed-descent methods, was employed to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) underlying such rice traits as leaf chlorophyll and h2o2 contents. five and two qtls were detected for le ... | 2003 | 12812090 |
| [synonymous codon usage bias in the rice cultivar 93-11 (oryza sativa l. ssp. indica)]. | by using the whole genome sequences and est data from the indica rice cultivar 93-11, a detailed relative analysis is made of the effect of some impact factors on synonymous codon usage. the results showed that the gene expression level assessed by mrna abundance is positive relative to the "codon adaptation index" (cai, 0.227**), and "codon preference parameter" (cpp, 0.145**), but negative relative to "effective number of codons" (enc, -0.147**), indicating that genes with higher expression sh ... | 2003 | 12812058 |
| rice seedlings release momilactone b into the environment. | since the growth inhibitor momilactone b was found recently in root exudates of rice (oryza sativa l.), 3-day-old rice seedlings were transferred to hydroponic culture and the level of momilactone b released into the environment from the seedlings was measured. at day 15 after transfer, the level of momilactone b in the culture solution was 1.8 nmol per seedling compared with endogenous levels of 0.32 and 0.63 nmol per root and shoot, respectively, suggesting that rice seedlings actively release ... | 2003 | 12809715 |
| anoxia tolerance in rice roots acclimated by several different periods of hypoxia. | rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings were subjected to hypoxic pretreatment (h-pt; incubated in 5% o2 atmosphere) for various lengths of time followed by an anoxic stress. anoxia tolerance of rice roots was improved with increasing duration of h-pt, but longer h-pt than 12 h gave no additional improvement. concentrations of atp and ethanol, and activities of pyruvate decarboxylase (ec 4.1.1.1) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.1) in the roots were increased by h-pt, and the times and patterns of i ... | 2003 | 12806786 |
| genomic comparison of p-type atpase ion pumps in arabidopsis and rice. | members of the p-type atpase ion pump superfamily are found in all three branches of life. forty-six p-type atpase genes were identified in arabidopsis, the largest number yet identified in any organism. the recent completion of two draft sequences of the rice (oryza sativa) genome allows for comparison of the full complement of p-type atpases in two different plant species. here, we identify a similar number (43) in rice, despite the rice genome being more than three times the size of arabidops ... | 2003 | 12805592 |
| differential expression of three members of the amt1 gene family encoding putative high-affinity nh4+ transporters in roots of oryza sativa subspecies indica. | in order to investigate the molecular basis of high-affinity ammonium absorption by roots of rice plants (oryza sativa subspecies indica) the expression patterns of three members of the amt1 family of genes in rice seedling roots in response to altered nitrogen provision and diurnal changes in irradiance were examined. the 13nh4+ influx and transcript levels of osamt1.1 in roots decreased several fold within 48 h when plants acclimated to 10 micro m external nh4+ for 3 weeks were transferred to ... | 2003 | 12803618 |
| role of abscisic acid in cadmium tolerance of rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings. | changes in abscisic acid (aba) contents in cd-treated rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings of two cultivars were investigated. on treatment with cdcl2, the aba content rapidly increased in the leaves and roots of cd-tolerant cultivar (cv. tainung 67, tng67) but not in the cd-sensitive cultivar (cv. taichung native 1, tn1). the reduction of transpiration rate of tn1 caused by cd was less than that of tng67. exogenous application of aba reduced transpiration rate, decreased cd content, and enhanced cd ... | 2003 | 12803614 |
| control of water uptake by rice ( oryza sativa l.): role of the outer part of the root. | a new pressure-perfusion technique was used to measure hydraulic and osmotic properties of the outer part of roots (opr) of 30-day-old rice plants (lowland cultivar: ir64, and upland cultivar: azucena). the opr comprised rhizodermis, exodermis, sclerenchyma and one cortical cell layer. the technique involved perfusion of aerenchyma of segments from two different root zones (20-50 mm and 50-100 mm from the tip) at precise rates using aerated nutrient solution. the hydraulic conductivity of the op ... | 2003 | 12783327 |
| interaction between proliferating cell nuclear antigen and jun-activation-domain-binding protein 1 in the meristem of rice, oryza sativa l. | the eukaryotic polymerase processivity factor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna), interacts with many cell cycle-regulator proteins and with proteins involved in the mechanisms of dna replication and repair. in the present study using two-hybrid analysis with pcna from rice, oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare (ospcna), we found that ospcna interacted in vitro and in vivo with rice jun-activation-domain-binding protein 1 (osjab1), which is known as cop9/signalsome subunit 5. both ospcna and o ... | 2003 | 12783325 |
| development of a quantitative pachytene chromosome map in oryza sativa by imaging methods. | a higher gc content region of an oryza sativa chromosome can be specifically visualized by double staining with propidium iodide (pi) and 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (dapi). this procedure allows identification of chromosome 9 from the other rice chromosomes at the pachytene stage. using rice chromosome 9 as a model, an imaging method to construct a pachytene chromosomal map was developed by quantifying the fluorescence profile (fp) of each chromomere. the pachytene map of chromosome 9 consist ... | 2003 | 12773815 |
| cloning and characterization of a glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate translocator from oryza sativa. | plastids of nongreen tissues import carbon as a source of biosynthetic pathways and energy, and glucose 6-phosphate is the preferred hexose phosphate taken up by nongreen plastids. a cdna clone encoding glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate translocator (gpt) was isolated from a cdna library of immature seeds of rice and named as osgpt. the cdna has one uninterrupted open reading frame encoding a 42 kda polypeptide possessing transit peptide consisting of 70 amino acid residues. the osgpt gene maps on c ... | 2015 | 12765288 |
| alien genes introgression and development of monosomic alien addition lines from oryza latifolia desv. to rice, oryza sativa l. | oryza latifolia, a tetraploid wild relative of cultivated rice is an important source of resistance to bacterial blight (bb), the brown planthopper (bph) and the whitebacked planthopper (wbph). interspecific hybrids were obtained between an elite breeding line (ir31917-45-3-2) of oryza sativa (2n=24 aa) and o. latifolia acc. no. 100914 (2n=48 ccdd). the crossability in f1 was 7.58% and it ranged from 0.11 to 0.62 in backcross generations. the f1 hybrid showed 2-6 ii, 0-2 iii, 0-1 iv and 22-32 i; ... | 2003 | 12764581 |
| quantitative trait loci and comparative genomics of cereal cell wall composition. | quantitative trait loci (qtls) affecting sugar composition of the cell walls of maize (zea mays) pericarp were mapped as an approach to the identification of genes involved in cereal wall biosynthesis. mapping was performed using the ibm (b73 x mo17) recombinant inbred line population. there were statistically significant differences between b73 and mo17 in content of xylose (xyl), arabinose (ara), galactose (gal), and glucose. thirteen qtls were found, affecting the content of xyl (two qtls), a ... | 2003 | 12746531 |
| towards an analysis of the rice mitochondrial proteome. | purified rice (oryza sativa) mitochondrial proteins have been arrayed by isoelectric focusing/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page), by blue-native (bn) page, and by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (lc) separation (lc-mass spectrometry [ms]). from these protein arrays, we have identified a range of rice mitochondrial proteins, including hydrophilic/hydrophobic proteins (grand average of hydropathicity = -1.27 to +0.84), highly basic and acid proteins (isoelectric point = ... | 2003 | 12746528 |
| cacta transposons in triticeae. a diverse family of high-copy repetitive elements. | in comparison with retrotransposons, which comprise the majority of the triticeae genomes, very few class 2 transposons have been described in these genomes. based on the recent discovery of a local accumulation of cacta elements at the glu-a3 loci in the two wheat species triticum monococcum and triticum durum, we performed a database search for additional such elements in triticeae spp. a combination of blast search and dot-plot analysis of publicly available triticeae sequences led to the ide ... | 2003 | 12746511 |
| purification and characterization of extracellular beta-galactosidase secreted by supension cultured rice (oryza sativa l.) cells. | a beta-galactosidase was purified 1300-fold by lactosyl-sepharose 4b and sephacryl s-200 column chromatographies from the cultured medium of a rice-cell suspension. the purified enzyme appeared as 47 kd and 40 kd polypeptides on sds-page and had a specific activity of 65.1 units/mg. optimum activity was observed at ph 3.5 and 60 degrees c. the enzyme released galactose from galactoxyloglucan and pectic galactans. | 2003 | 12723614 |
| characterization of selenate removal from drainage water using rice straw. | removal of selenium (se) from agricultural drainage water is very important for protecting wildlife in wetland systems. we conducted a series of experiments on selenite [se(iv)] adsorption and selenate [se(vi)] reduction to determine se removal from drainage water amended with 1000 microg/l of se(vi) or se(iv) and 5 g of rice (oryza sativa l.) straw. under sterile conditions, the added se(iv) was not adsorbed to the rice straw within 2 d of the experiment and the added se(vi) was not reduced wit ... | 2015 | 12708666 |
| male-sterility of thermosensitive genic male-sterile rice is associated with premature programmed cell death of the tapetum. | the tapetum plays a crucial role in pollen development. this secretory tissue produces numerous nutritive proteins necessary for pollen maturation. the tapetum, whose cells undergo programmed cell death (pcd), is completely diminished by the time the pollen is fully mature. our previous studies on a thermosensitive genic male-sterile (tgms) rice (oryza sativa l.) suggested that male-sterility was due to failure in pollen development. in this paper we describe how further analysis of the tgms ric ... | 2003 | 12692728 |
| salinity tolerance of japonica and indica rice (oryza sativa l.) at the seedling stage. | in order to identify the degree of salinity tolerance of the indica and japonica rice groups, 10 varieties were tested under saline and non-saline conditions. twelve-day-old seedlings were grown in normal culture solution, then initially salinized at an electrical conductivity (ec) of 6 ds/m for 4 days, and finally salinized at an ec of 12 ds/m for the next 14 days. the growth parameters, and na and k absorption in the shoot were measured to characterize the tolerance level of the two rice group ... | 2003 | 12687373 |
| control of tillering in rice. | tillering in rice (oryza sativa l.) is an important agronomic trait for grain production, and also a model system for the study of branching in monocotyledonous plants. rice tiller is a specialized grain-bearing branch that is formed on the unelongated basal internode and grows independently of the mother stem (culm) by means of its own adventitious roots. rice tillering occurs in a two-stage process: the formation of an axillary bud at each leaf axil and its subsequent outgrowth. although the m ... | 2003 | 12687001 |
| [screening methodology for rice (oryza sativa) genotypes with high phosphorus use efficiency at their seedling stage]. | under hydroponic culture, the responses of rice (oryza sativa) genotypes to low p stress were respectively evaluated by means of relatively-higher p concentration in a controlled system with insoluble phosphate source (ca3 (po4)2) and of relatively-lower concentration with 0.5 mg p/l in which nah2po4 was the soluble phosphate. relative indices such as relative dry weight of tillers (rtw), total relative plant dry weight (rpw), relative number of tillers (rtn), relative dry weight of root (rrw), ... | 2002 | 12682961 |
| a proteomics approach to investigating promotive effects of brassinolide on lamina inclination and root growth in rice seedlings. | the application of brassinolide (bl) to the lamina joint region of rice (oryza sativa l., cv. nipponbare) seedlings caused marked bending of laminae, and bl influenced rice root growth under intact conditions. a remarkable increase in lamina inclination at bl 1 microm and an evident increase in root elongation at bl 0.01 microm were observed compared with the control. a total of 786 and 508 proteins extracted from the lamina joint and root, respectively, were detected in images of two-dimensiona ... | 2003 | 12673015 |
| genome-wide intraspecific dna-sequence variations in rice. | genome-wide comparative analysis of the dna sequences of two major cultivated rice subspecies, oryza sativa l. ssp indica and oryza sativa l. ssp japonica, have revealed their extensive microcolinearity in gene order and content. however, deviations from colinearity are frequent owing to insertions or deletions. intraspecific sequence polymorphisms commonly occur in both coding and non-coding regions. these variations often affect gene structures and may contribute to intraspecific phenotypic ad ... | 2003 | 12667869 |
| adsorption of radionuclides on silica and their uptake by rice plants from silica-multitracer solutions: the effects of ph. | we investigated the effect of solution ph on the adsorption on silica of a mixture radionuclides 83rb, 85sr, 54mn, 65zn, 88y, and 75se generated from irradiation of ag in a 135-mev/nucleon 12c beam accelerated by the riken ring cyclotron and 137cs obtained commercially. then, we related these findings to their uptake by a rice plant (oryza sativa l. cv. koshihikari) from a silica-multitracer solution at ph 4.3 +/- 0.2 and at 5.3 +/- 0.2. to evaluate both adsorption and uptake, precisely we used ... | 2002 | 12666841 |
| the redistribution of protein sulfur in transgenic rice expressing a gene for a foreign, sulfur-rich protein. | sulfur amino acid composition is an important determinant of seed protein quality. a chimeric gene encoding sunflower seed albumin (ssa), one of the most sulfur-rich seed storage proteins identified so far, was introduced into rice (oryza sativa) in order to modify cysteine and methionine content of the seed. analysis of a transgenic line expressing ssa at approximately 7% of total seed protein revealed that the mature grain showed little change in the total sulfur amino acid content compared to ... | 2003 | 12662304 |
| effect of high temperature on fine structure of amylopectin in rice endosperm by reducing the activity of the starch branching enzyme. | rice (oryza sativa l.) grain quality is affected by the environmental temperature it experiences. to investigate the physiological molecular mechanisms of the effect of high temperatures on rice grain, a non-waxy indica rice was grown under two temperature conditions, (29/35 degrees c) and (22/28 degrees c), during the ripening stage in two phytotrons. the activities and gene expression of key enzymes for the biosynthesis of amylose and amylopectin were examined. the activity and expression leve ... | 2003 | 12657298 |
| tourist c transposable elements are closely associated with genes expressed in flowers of rice (oryza sativa). | tourist elements comprise a group of transposable elements in plants. one of these elements, tourist-osacata(a tourist c element), has been found in the 5; flanking region of a catalase gene, cata, in rice (oryza sativa). using reverse transcriptase-pcr (rt-pcr) analyses of leaves, roots, flowers and developing seeds of rice, we assessed the transcription levels of ten known genes containing tourist c elements, and of three additional putative genes for which expressed sequence tags (ests) inclu ... | 2003 | 12655403 |
| formation of solo-ltrs through unequal homologous recombination counterbalances amplifications of ltr retrotransposons in rice oryza sativa l. | we studied the dynamics of hopi, retrosat1, and rire3, three gypsy-like long terminal repeat (ltr) retrotransposons, in oryza sativa l. genome. for each family, we assessed the phenetic relationships of the copies and estimated the date of insertion of the complete copies through the evaluation of their ltr divergence. we show that within each family, distinct phenetic groups have inserted at significantly different times, within the past 5 myr and that two major amplification events may have oc ... | 2003 | 12654934 |
| effects of season-dependent irradiance levels and nitrogen-deficiency on photosynthesis and photoinhibition in field-grown rice (oryza sativa). | photoinhibition and acclimation of photosynthesis in rice plants grown under n-sufficient (ns) and n-deficient (nd) field conditions were investigated during the tropical wet (ws) and dry (ds) seasons in the philippines. diurnal patterns of co2 assimilation were examined. there was a transient peak in co2 assimilation in the leaves of the ns plants in the early morning during the ds and the ws, which was not seen in the nd plants in either season. nd leaves had lower ribulose bisphosphate carbox ... | 2003 | 12654034 |
| transcription factor binding study by capillary zone electrophoretic mobility shift assay. | regulation of gene expression through interaction of proteins with specific dna sequences is a central issue in functional genomics. capillary electrophoretic mobility shift assay is an efficient novel method for the investigation of sequence specific protein-dna interactions, allowing rapid and sensitive quantification of the complex formation. in this paper, we present a pilot study on capillary zone electrophoretic mobility shift assay (czemsa) to investigate the interaction between the trans ... | 2003 | 12652578 |
| [molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci (qtl) for characters of vascular bundles in peduncle related to indica-japonica differentiation in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | a doubled-haploid population, consisting of 81 dh lines derived from the f1 hybrid of a cross between an indica cultivar and a japonica cultivar, was used to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) controlling numbers of vascular bundles in peduncle, primary rachis branches and the ratio of vascular bundles to primary rachis branches (v/r ratio). for vascular bundles, three qtl were detected. among them, the qtl qvb-8 with the largest effect individually accounted for 31.1% of the total variation. two ... | 2002 | 12645263 |
| [developmental genetic analysis of panicle dry weight of indica hybrid rice oryza sativa under different environmental conditions]. | four indica sterile lines (a) and corresponding maintainer lines (b) as well as five indica restorer lines, which varied in panicle dry weight, were used to create genetic populations of two generations according to incomplete diallel cross design (4 x 5). analysis on panicle dry weight at different developmental stages based on tow-years experimental data was conducted by using additive-dominant developmental genetic models with genotype effects and genotype x environment interaction effects. t ... | 2002 | 12624993 |
| organ-specific expressions and chromosomal locations of two mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase genes from rice (oryza sativa l.), aldh2a and aldh2b. | recent studies have suggested that mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldehyde:nad(p)(+) oxidoreductase, ec 1.2.1.3) (aldh2) plays essential roles in pollen development in plants. rice (oryza sativa l.) aldh2 is encoded by at least two aldh2 genes, one of which (aldh2a) was previously identified. in this study, to understand the roles of aldh2 in rice, we isolated and characterized a cdna clone encoding another rice aldh2 (aldh2b). an in vitro aldh assay indicated that aldh2b possesses an nad ... | 2003 | 12609740 |
| osdreb genes in rice, oryza sativa l., encode transcription activators that function in drought-, high-salt- and cold-responsive gene expression. | the transcription factors drebs/cbfs specifically interact with the dehydration-responsive element/c-repeat (dre/crt) cis-acting element (core motif: g/accgac) and control the expression of many stress-inducible genes in arabidopsis. in rice, we isolated five cdnas for dreb homologs: osdreb1a, osdreb1b, osdreb1c, osdreb1d, and osdreb2a. expression of osdreb1a and osdreb1b was induced by cold, whereas expression of osdreb2a was induced by dehydration and high-salt stresses. the osdreb1a and osdre ... | 2003 | 12609047 |
| rice mapks. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades are evolutionary conserved from unicellular to complex eukaryotic organisms, and constitute one of the major signalling pathways involved in regulating a wide range of cellular activities from growth and development to cell death. mapks of rice (oryza sativa l.), the most important of all food crops and an established monocot plant research model, have seen considerable progress mainly on their identification and characterization during the past o ... | 2003 | 12604328 |
| salinity stress-tolerant and -sensitive rice (oryza sativa l.) regulate akt1-type potassium channel transcripts differently. | in the indica rice (oryza sativa l.) a cdna was characterized that encoded osakt1 homologous to inward-rectifying potassium channels of the akt/kat subfamily. transcript analysis located osakt1 predominantly in roots with low abundance in leaves. cell-specificity of osakt expression was analyzed by in situ hybridizations. in roots, strongest signals were localized to the epidermis and the endodermis, whereas lower transcript levels were detected in cells of the vasculature and the cortex. in lea ... | 2003 | 12602892 |
| ossend-1: a new rad2 nuclease family member in higher plants. | a novel endonuclease, a new member of the rad2 nuclease family, has been identified from the higher plant, rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare), and designated as ossend-1. the open reading frame of the ossend-1 cdna encoded a predicted product of 641 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 69.9 kda. the encoded protein showed a relatively high degree of sequence homology with the rad2 nuclease family proteins, especially rad2 nuclease, but it differed markedly from fen-1, xpg or hex1/ex ... | 2003 | 12602891 |
| development and mapping of 2240 new ssr markers for rice (oryza sativa l.) (supplement). | | 2002 | 12597280 |
| development and mapping of 2240 new ssr markers for rice (oryza sativa l.). | a total of 2414 new di-, tri- and tetra-nucleotide non-redundant ssr primer pairs, representing 2240 unique marker loci, have been developed and experimentally validated for rice (oryza sativa l.). duplicate primer pairs are reported for 7% (174) of the loci. the majority (92%) of primer pairs were developed in regions flanking perfect repeats > or = 24 bp in length. using electronic pcr (e-pcr) to align primer pairs against 3284 publicly sequenced rice bac and pac clones (representing about 83% ... | 2002 | 12597276 |
| osralyase1, a putative f-box protein identified in rice, oryza sativa, with enzyme activity identical to that of wheat ralyase. | a rice gene, osralyase1, encoding a product similar to wheat ribosomal rna apurinic site specific lyase (ralyase), was isolated and expressed in vitro. an open reading frame of the gene predicted a protein of 476 amino acid residues with 75% identity to ralyase and contained an f-box-like motif in its amino terminal region. the rice gene product expressed in a wheat-germ protein expression system had the same characteristics as its wheat counterpart, cleaving a specific depurinated site of the 2 ... | 2002 | 12596877 |
| characterization of a unique genomic clone located 5' upstream of the oshsp16.9b gene on chromosome 1 in rice (oryza sativa l. cv tainung no. 67). | small heat-shock proteins (shsp) are the most abundant heat stress-induced proteins in plants. in rice, there are at least seven members of class-i shsp. a 1.6-kb dna fragment was isolated from the ecori-digested rice genomic library probed with the cdna pts1 encoding a 16.9-kda class-i shsp. this fragment was composed of 365-bp tandem direct repeats (drs) and 441-bp near perfect long terminal inverted repeats (ltirs). the drs contain 123-bp regions with 99% nucleotide identity to the 5' coding ... | 2003 | 12589551 |
| characteristics of floral organs related to reliable self-pollination in rice (oryza sativa l.). | in many varieties of rice, the length of basal pores on the thecae just after anthesis is strongly correlated both with the percentage of florets receiving adequate pollen and with the number of pollen grains deposited on the stigmata and its variation (coefficient of variation). therefore, the size of the basal pores is considered to be an important factor for the reliable self-pollination of rice. we discuss how long basal pores may facilitate self- pollination. | 2003 | 12588727 |
| esterase as molecular marker for salt tolerance in regenerated plants of rice, oryza sativa l. | esterase variation was studied in plants regenerated from callus cultures of four rice (oryza sativa) varieties, viz. pokkali, which is a moderately salt tolerant variety and three salt sensitive varieties mi 48, annapoorna and jyothi. variation was studied at tillering stage of plants regenerated from callus culture and germinated from seeds. somaclonal variants for salt tolerance could be detected using variation in esterase banding pattern and activity. | 2002 | 12587737 |
| effect of o-phenylenediamine on cu adsorption and desorption in red soil and its uptake by paddy rice (oryza sativa). | a study was carried out of cu adsorption and desorption processes in red soil as affected by o-phenylenediamine (o-pd) in the range 0-80 mg/l. the results indicated that the presence of o-pd enhanced cu adsorption in red soil in weakly acid media, meanwhile, desorption percentage of cu from soil, extracted by 1.0 m mgcl(2), also increased when cu adsorption in soil occurred in the presence of o-pd. the response of paddy rice to cu in red soil shows that cu toxicity was mitigated in the presence ... | 2003 | 12586140 |
| cmap: the comparative genetic map viewer. | cmap, a www comparative genetic map graphical utility, has a search capability and provides comparison of two genetic maps within or between species with dynamic links to data resources and text lists of the shared loci, running in a relational database environment. currently, maps from three species (maize 'zea mays l.', rice 'oryza sativa l.', and sorghum 'sorghum bicolor l.'), representing over 13,800 distinct loci, are available for comparison at http://www.agron.missouri.edu/cmapdb/cmap.htm ... | 2003 | 12584129 |
| genetic basis of hybrid breakdown in a japonica/indica cross of rice, oryza sativa l. | reproductive barriers often arise in hybrid progeny between two varietal groups of asian cultivated rice ( oryza sativa l.), japonica and indica. hybrid breakdown showing poor growth habit, and complete sterility was found in the backcrossed progeny derived from a cross between a japonica variety, asominori, and an indica variety, ir24. we employed rflp analysis in the segregating population to study the genetic basis underlying hybrid breakdown. it was found that the hybrid breakdown is caused ... | 2002 | 12582916 |
| microsatellites in starch-synthesizing genes in relation to starch physicochemical properties in waxy rice ( oryza sativa l.). | rice starch is composed of amylose and amylopectin. amylose content, an important determinant of rice starch quality, is primarily controlled by the waxy gene, encoding granule-bound starch synthase (gbss). the starch branching enzyme (sbe) and soluble starch synthase (sss) play major roles in the synthesis of amylopectin. microsatellite polymorphisms in the three genes, the wx gene encoding granule-bound starch synthase i, the sbe gene encoding starch branching enzyme i and the sss gene encodin ... | 2002 | 12582915 |
| analysis of the genetic behavior of some starch properties in indica rice ( oryza sativa l.): thermal properties, gel texture, swelling volume. | starch comprises about 90% of milled rice, so that the eating and cooking quality of rice is mainly affected by the starch properties. in the present paper, we analyzed the genetical behavior of gelatinization temperature tested by differential scanning calorimetry (dsc), gel texture, and the swelling volume (sv) of indica rice with an incomplete cross of 4x8 parents. a genetic model which can dissect the effects of triploid seed, the cytoplasm, and the maternal plant on the endosperm traits was ... | 2002 | 12582713 |
| mapping qtls for root morphology of a rice population adapted to rainfed lowland conditions. | in the rainfed lowlands, rice ( oryza sativa l.) develops roots under anaerobic soil conditions with ponded water, prior to exposure to water stress and aerobic soil conditions that arise later in the season. constitutive root system development in anaerobic soil conditions has been reported to have a positive effect on subsequent expression of adaptive root traits and water extraction during progressive water stress in aerobic soil conditions. we examined quantitative trait loci (qtls) for cons ... | 2002 | 12582650 |
| qtl mapping and introgression of yield-related traits from oryza glumaepatula to cultivated rice ( oryza sativa) using microsatellite markers. | rice ( oryza sativa) cultivar development currently faces the task of overcoming yield plateaus, which is difficult due to the narrow genetic base of breeding programs. oryza glumaepatula is a diploid wild relative of cultivated rice, native to central and south america, and is therefore a potential source of alleles of agronomic importance to rice breeding programs. we studied 11 agronomic traits in bc(2)f(2) families of the interspecific cross oryza sativa x o. glumaepatula. transgressive line ... | 2002 | 12582630 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci controlling seed longevity in rice ( oryza sativa l.). | quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling seed longevity in rice were identified using 98 backcross inbred lines (bils) derived from a cross between a japonica variety nipponbare and an indica variety kasalath. seeds of each bil were kept for 12 months at 30 degrees c in dry conditions to promote loss of viability. to measure seed longevity, we performed an additional aging-processing treatment for 2 months at 30 degrees c maintaining seeds at 15% moisture content. we measured the germination p ... | 2002 | 12582603 |
| qtl clusters reflect character associations in wild and cultivated rice. | the genetic basis of character association related to differentiation found in the primary gene pool of rice was investigated based on the genomic distribution of quantitative trait loci (qtls). major evolutionary trends in cultivated rice of asiatic origin ( oryza sativa) and its wild progenitor ( o. rufipogon) are: (1) differentiation from wild to domesticated types (domestication), (2) ecotype differentiation between the perennial and annual types in wild races, and (3) the indica versus japo ... | 2002 | 12582574 |
| fluorescent-labeled microsatellite panels useful for detecting allelic diversity in cultivated rice ( oryza sativa l.). | four multiplex panels of fluorescent-labeled rice microsatellite markers were designed to survey allelic diversity at a total of 27 simple sequence repeat loci. automated fragment detection, size calling and binning were used to identify the microsatellite alleles. the panels were tested on 72 accessions representing the diversity of ecotypes and isozyme groups in cultivated rice ( oryza sativa l.). genetic diversity was evaluated by estimating the distribution and range of allele sizes, as well ... | 2002 | 12582550 |
| a genetic and physical map of the region containing plastochron1, a heterochronic gene, in rice ( oryza sativa l.). | the rice heterochronic gene plastochron1, pla1, shows shorter plastochron and ectopic expression of the vegetative program during the rice reproductive phase resulting in aberrant panicle formation. a genetic and physical map was constructed to isolate the causal gene for the pla1 syndrome. small-scale mapping was carried out to determine the approximate map position of the pla1 locus, and then a high-resolution genetic map was made for pla1-1, one of the pla1 alleles, using an f(2) population c ... | 2002 | 12582477 |
| accelerated shoot overgrowth of rice mutant ao-1 is epistatic to gibberellin-sensitive and -insensitive dwarf mutants. | a shoot overgrowth mutant of rice ( oryza sativa l.), accelerated internode overgrowth-1 ( ao-1), is marked by accelerated longitudinal elongation of aerial parts and overgrowth of internodes at the vegetative stage. the physiological properties of ao-1 were similar to those of wild plants treated with a saturating level of exogenous gibberellins (gas), except for the internode-overgrowth phenotype, which was not mimicked by ga-treated wild plants. the ao-1 mutant was less sensitive to a ga bios ... | 2002 | 12579369 |
| oxygen stress and adaptation of a semi-aquatic plant: rice ( oryza sativa). | one of the major abiotic stresses that affects plant growth and development is anoxia or hypoxia. rice is a semi-aquatic plant bestowed with the capability of overcoming oxygen limitation for a considerable period of time. for instance, it can withstand submergence stress either by inherent metabolic adaptations (resistant type), or by keeping its leaves above the water surface by continuously elongating the stem (avoiding type). in the former case, an interplay of several metabolic pathways eng ... | 2002 | 12579355 |
| characterization of proteins responsive to gibberellin in the leaf-sheath of rice (oryza sativa l.) seedling using proteome analysis. | in plants gibberellins (gas) are responsible for triggering stem or internodal elongation. to comprehend the molecular basis of internodal elongation in rice, a proteomics approach using differentially displayed proteins on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-d page) was carried out to identify the proteins expressed during the ga controlled leaf-sheath elongation response. out of 352 protein spots detected on 2-d page, 32 proteins showed modulation in the expression levels in ... | 2003 | 12576669 |
| seed yield and plant biomass increases in rice are conferred by deregulation of endosperm adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase. | in this work we test the hypothesis that yield of rice ( oryza sativa l.) can be enhanced by increasing endosperm activity of adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase (agp), a key enzyme in starch biosynthesis. the potential for increases in yield exist because rice initiates more seeds than are taken to maturity and possesses excess photosynthetic capacity that could be utilized if there were more demand for assimilate. following an approach already shown to be successful in wheat, experiments were design ... | 2003 | 12569408 |
| molecular cloning and mrna expression analysis of a novel rice (oryzasativa l.) mapk kinase kinase, osedr1, an ortholog of arabidopsis atedr1, reveal its role in defense/stress signalling pathways and development. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascade(s) is important for plant defense/stress responses. though mapks have been identified and characterized in rice (oryza sativa l.), a monocot cereal crop research model, the first upstream component of the kinase cascade, namely mapk kinase kinase (mapkkk) has not yet been identified. here we report the cloning of a novel rice gene encoding a mapkkk, osedr1, designated based on its homology with the arabidopsis mapkkk, atedr1. osedr1, a single copy ... | 2003 | 12559953 |
| [effects of enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation on growth development and yield formation in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | effect of enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation (280-320 nm) on growth, development and yield formation in the three rice cultivars (oryza sativa l.) under pot conditions were investigated. the results showed that enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation decreased rice height, tiller number, total leaf area and biomass, but the inhibitory rate varied in different cultivars and developmental stages. plant height was decreased by 9.4%-12.2% in seedling stage, plant shoot and root of dry matter were decreased b ... | 2002 | 12557675 |
| [effect of face on competition between a c3 crop (rice, oryza sativa) and a c4 weed (barnyardgrass, echinochloa crusgalli)]. | the growth and competition of a c3 crop rice and a c4 weed, barnyardgrass under face(free-air carbon dioxide enrichment) conditions were studied by field experiment. the results showed that under face condition, the biomass and yield, leaf number, tiller number, and leaf area index of rice increased, while those of barnyardgrass decreased. both of the leaf area indexed of rice and barnyardgrass were decreased, while their net assimilation rate increased. when the ratio of planting density of ric ... | 2002 | 12557665 |
| [responses of rice (oryza sativa) growth and its c, n and p composition to face (free-air carbon dioxide enrichment) and n, p fertilization]. | face (free-air carbon dioxide enrichment) was used to study the effects of elevated co2 on rice (oryza sativa) growth, tissue c/n, n and p concentration and uptake at different development stages under two n and two p levels. results showed that elevated co2 increased dry matter accumulation in rice stem, ear and root. leaf dry matter was increased at tillering stage and no significant effect was found at jointing, heading and ripening stages. n concentration of stem and leaf was decreased. ear ... | 2002 | 12557664 |
| [effect of free-air co2 enrichment (face) on nitrogen accumulation and utilization efficiency in rice (oryza sativa)]. | effect of face, 200 mumol.mol-1 co2 elevation under field condition in this study, on nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency in rice was investigated. results showed that nitrogen content (%) in rice plant sampled at different growth stages decreased significantly under face treatment, but face had no obvious effect on nitrogen accumulation in rice plant due to the significant enhancement in dry matter production. face treatment resulted in the significant increase in nitrogen use eff ... | 2002 | 12557663 |
| [effect of free-air co2 enrichment (face) on spikelets differentiation and retrogression in rice (oryza sativa)]. | effect of free-air co2 enrichment (face), 200 mumol.mol-1co2 elevation under field condition, on the number of differentiated, retrograded, and survived primary and secondary branches and their spikelets in rice was investigated, and the percentage of retrograded branches and spikelets under face treatment were also calculated. results showed that the number of differentiated primary and secondary branches, the number and percentage of retrograded primary branches per panicle were not significan ... | 2002 | 12557662 |
| [effects of free-air co2 enrichment (face) on yield formation in rice (oryza sativa)]. | effect of free-air co2 enrichment (face, 200 mumol.mol-1 higher than ck) on rice yield and its components under field condition were studied with a japonica variety 99-15. results showed that face treatment had no obvious effect on plant height and number of leaves on main stem, but could quicken growth process of rice, shorten the whole growth duration. increment of nitrogen application rate could weaken the effect of face on whole growth duration. the number of tillers and panicles, and fulfil ... | 2002 | 12557661 |
| [ultrastructural localization of atpase activity in fertile and sterile anther of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. marxie)]. | pb3 (po4)2-precipitation was used to study the atpase activities both in fertile and sterile anthers of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. marxie). at big-vacuole pollen stage, tapetum of the fertile anthers showed high atpase activity in their nuclei. in fertile pollen, atpase was localized on the outside surface of the exine and in the nucleus both at big-vacuole and at bi-nucleate pollen stage. at late bi-nucleate pollen stage, a large amount of pb3 (po4)2 precipitated in endintine of the fertile poll ... | 2001 | 12549213 |
| rapid determination of rice seed vigour by spontaneous chemiluminescence and singlet oxygen generation during early imbibition. | using a highly sensitive single photon counter, a spontaneous chemiluminescence (cl) study on rice (oryza sativa l.) seeds stored in different years was carried out. we first observed that the degree of ageing in rice seeds was related to the intensity of spontaneous cl during early imbibition (0-30 min). rice seeds stored for a shorter time had a stronger intensity of cl in early imbibition. the germination rate of rice seeds showed an obvious positive correlation with the intensity of spontane ... | 2015 | 12536375 |
| sequence analysis, transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of the rice vdac family. | the voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (vdac) is a mitochondrial outer membrane ion channel. different isoforms exist in plants but information about their specific role remains to be established. our purpose is to find out the structural features common to three rice vdac isoforms and to investigate their (post)transcriptional regulation in response to an osmotic stress. two new cdnas encoding mitochondrial vdac from rice (oryza sativa) were isolated, sequenced and characterized: a phylo ... | 2003 | 12527425 |
| chalcone isomerase gene from rice (oryza sativa) and barley (hordeum vulgare): physical, genetic and mutation mapping. | the barley and rice chalcone flavonone isomerase (cfi) genes were isolated and identified by homology to the maize cfi gene. structure analysis indicated high similarity except that the barley gene lacked intron 3. the maize cfi gene has been mapped to three loci, but only a single locus was detected in barley and rice. this explains the lack of observed mutants in maize while a single locus anthocyanin-less 30 (ant30), with four alleles ant30-245, ant30-310, ant30-272 and ant30-287 has been des ... | 2003 | 12527208 |
| mobilization of a transposon in the rice genome. | rice (oryza sativa l.) is an important crop worldwide and, with the availability of the draft sequence, a useful model for analysing the genome structure of grasses. to practice efficient rice breeding through genetic engineering techniques, it is important to identify the economically important genes in this crop. the use of mobile transposons as gene tags in intact plants is a powerful tool for functional analysis because transposon insertions often inactivate genes. here we identify an active ... | 2003 | 12520304 |
| an active dna transposon family in rice. | the publication of draft sequences for the two subspecies of oryza sativa (rice), japonica (cv. nipponbare) and indica (cv. 93-11), provides a unique opportunity to study the dynamics of transposable elements in this important crop plant. here we report the use of these sequences in a computational approach to identify the first active dna transposons from rice and the first active miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (mite) from any organism. a sequence classified as a tourist-like mi ... | 2003 | 12520302 |
| the tigr rice genome annotation resource: annotating the rice genome and creating resources for plant biologists. | rice is not only a major food staple for the world's population but it also is a model species for a major group of flowering plants, the monocotyledonous plants. draft genomic sequence of two subspecies of rice, oryza sativa spp. japonica and indica ssp. are publicly available. to provide the community with a resource to data-mine the rice genome, we have constructed an annotation resource for rice (http://www.tigr.org/tdb/e2k1/osa1/). in this resource, we have annotated the rice genome for gen ... | 2003 | 12519988 |
| mosdb: an integrated information resource for rice genomics. | the mips rice (oryza sativa) database (mosdb; http://mips.gsf.de/proj/rice) provides a comprehensive data collection dedicated to the genome information of rice. rice (o. sativa l.) is one of the most important food crops for over half the world's population and serves as a major model system in cereal genome research. mosdb integrates data from two publicly available rice genomic sequences, o. sativa l. ssp. indica and o. sativa l. ssp. japonica. besides regularly updated rice genome sequence i ... | 2003 | 12519979 |
| aerenchyma and an inducible barrier to radial oxygen loss facilitate root aeration in upland, paddy and deep-water rice (oryza sativa l.). | the present study evaluated waterlogging tolerance, root porosity and radial o(2) loss (rol) from the adventitious roots, of seven upland, three paddy, and two deep-water genotypes of rice (oryza sativa l.). upland types, with the exception of one genotype, were as tolerant of 30 d soil waterlogging as the paddy and deep-water types. in all but one of the 12 genotypes, the number of adventitious roots per stem increased for plants grown in waterlogged, compared with drained, soil. when grown in ... | 2003 | 12509350 |
| responses by coleoptiles of intact rice seedlings to anoxia: k(+) net uptake from the external solution and translocation from the caryopses. | this study evaluated the effects of anoxia on k(+) uptake and translocation in 3-4-d-old, intact, rice seedlings (oryza sativa l. cv. calrose). rates of net k(+) uptake from the medium over 24 h by coleoptiles of anoxic seedlings were inhibited by 83-91 %, when compared with rates in aerated seedlings. similar uptake rates, and degree of inhibition due to anoxia, were found for rb(+) when supplied over 1.5-2 h, starting 22 h after imposing anoxia. the rb(+) uptake indicated that intact coleoptil ... | 2003 | 12509347 |
| regulation of submergence-induced enhanced shoot elongation in oryza sativa l. | rice (oryza sativa l.) is the only cereal that can be cultivated in the frequently flooded river deltas of south-east and south asia. the survival strategies used by rice have been studied quite extensively and the role of several phytohormones in the elongation response has been established. deep-water rice cultivars can diminish flooding stress by rapid elongation of their submerged tissues to keep up with the rising waters. other rice cultivars may react by mechanisms of submergence tolerance ... | 2003 | 12509346 |
| novel rice map kinases osmsrmk3 and oswjumk1 involved in encountering diverse environmental stresses and developmental regulation. | we report isolation of two novel rice (oryza sativa l.) mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks), osmsrmk3 (multiple stress responsive) and oswjumk1 (wound- and ja-uninducible) that most likely exist as single copy genes in its genome. osmsrmk3 and oswjumk1 encode 369 and 569 amino acid polypeptides having the mapk family signature and phosphorylation activation motifs tey and tdy, respectively. steady state mrna analyses of these mapks with constitutive expression in leaves of two-week-old see ... | 2003 | 12507518 |
| introduction of a na+/h+ antiporter gene from atriplex gmelini confers salt tolerance to rice. | we engineered a salt-sensitive rice cultivar (oryza sativa cv. kinuhikari) to express a vacuolar-type na+/h+ antiporter gene from a halophytic plant, atriplex gmelini (agnhx1). the activity of the vacuolar-type na+/h+ antiporter in the transgenic rice plants was eight-fold higher than that in wild-type rice plants. salt tolerance assays followed by non-stress treatments showed that the transgenic plants overexpressing agnhx1 could survive under conditions of 300 mm nacl for 3 days while the wild ... | 2002 | 12482579 |
| a rice mutant defective in si uptake. | rice (oryza sativa) accumulates silicon (si) in the tops to levels up to 10.0% of shoot dry weight, but the mechanism responsible for high si uptake by rice roots is not understood. we isolated a rice mutant (gr1) that is defective in active si uptake by screening m(2) seeds (64,000) of rice cv oochikara that were treated with 10(-3) m sodium azide for 6 h at 25 degrees c. there were no phenotypic differences between wild type (wt) and gr1 except that the leaf blade of gr1 remained droopy when s ... | 2002 | 12481095 |
| acclimation of rice photosynthesis to irradiance under field conditions. | acclimation to irradiance was measured in terms of light-saturated photosynthetic carbon assimilation rates (p(max)), rubisco, and pigment content in mature field-grown rice (oryza sativa) plants in tropical conditions. measurements were made at different positions within the canopy alongside irradiance and daylight spectra. these data were compared with a second experiment in which acclimation to irradiance was assessed in uppermost leaves within whole-plant shading regimes (10% low light [ll], ... | 2002 | 12481083 |
| dasheng and rire2. a nonautonomous long terminal repeat element and its putative autonomous partner in the rice genome. | dasheng is one of the highest copy number long terminal repeat elements and one of the most recent elements to amplify in the rice (oryza sativa) genome. however, the absence of any significant coding capacity for retroviral proteins, including gag and pol, suggests that dasheng is a nonautonomous element. here, we have exploited the availability of 360 mb of rice genomic sequence to identify a candidate autonomous element. rire2 is a previously described gypsy-like long terminal repeat retrotra ... | 2002 | 12481052 |