| [effect of methyl viologen on the ca(2+)-atpase activities of membrane vesicles in roots of rice seedlings]. | the cold tolerance of rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings could be markedly improved by mild oxidative pretreatment (10 mumol/l methyl viologen (mv). the enhancement of chilling resistance induced by mv pretreatment could be inhibited by ca(2+)-chelate ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethylether) n,n-tetraacetic acid (egta, 10 mmol/l) and the calmodulin inhibitor chlorpromazine (cpz, 0.5 mmol/l). the ca(2+)-atpase activity of root plasmolemma and tonoplast membrane as well as the fe(cn)6(3-) reduction ... | 2004 | 15133895 |
| quantitative trait loci associated with drought tolerance at reproductive stage in rice. | drought is a major constraint to rice (oryza sativa) yield and its stability in rainfed and poorly irrigated environments. identifying genomic regions influencing the response of yield and its components to water deficits will aid in our understanding of the genetics of drought tolerance and development of more drought tolerant cultivars. quantitative trait loci (qtl) for grain yield and its components and other agronomic traits were identified using a subset of 154 doubled haploid lines derived ... | 2004 | 15122029 |
| a comparison of rice chloroplast genomes. | using high quality sequence reads extracted from our whole genome shotgun repository, we assembled two chloroplast genome sequences from two rice (oryza sativa) varieties, one from 93-11 (a typical indica variety) and the other from pa64s (an indica-like variety with maternal origin of japonica), which are both parental varieties of the super-hybrid rice, lyp9. based on the patterns of high sequence coverage, we partitioned chloroplast sequence variations into two classes, intravarietal and inte ... | 2004 | 15122023 |
| physical mapping and putative candidate gene identification of a quantitative trait locus ctb1 for cold tolerance at the booting stage of rice. | norin-pl8 is a cold-tolerant variety of rice (oryza sativa l.) that was developed by introgressing chromosomal segments from a cold-tolerant tropical japonica variety, silewah, into a template japonica variety, hokkai241. we previously identified two closely linked quantitative trait loci, ctb1 and ctb2, for cold tolerance at the booting stage of norin-pl8 in the long arm of chromosome 4. we report here the physical mapping of ctb1 and the identification of the candidate genes. a total of 2,008 ... | 2004 | 15114474 |
| the role of aquaporin rwc3 in drought avoidance in rice. | although the discovery of aquaporins in plants has resulted in a paradigm shift in the understanding of plant water relations, the relationship between aquaporins and drought resistance still remains elusive. from an agronomic viewpoint, upland rice is traditionally considered as showing drought avoidance. in the investigation of different morphological and physiological responses of upland rice (oryza sativa l. spp indica cv. zhonghan 3) and lowland rice (o. sativa l. spp japonica cv. xiushui 6 ... | 2004 | 15111723 |
| low phosphorus tolerance mechanisms: phosphorus recycling and photosynthate partitioning in the tropical forage grass, brachiaria hybrid cultivar mulato compared with rice. | the brachiaria hybrid cv. mulato is well adapted to low-fertility acid soils deficient in phosphorus (p). to study the grassy forage's mechanisms for tolerating low p supply, we compared it with rice (oryza sativa l. cv. kitaake). we tested by using nutrient solution cultures, and quantified the effects of p deficiency on the enzymatic activities of phosphohydrolases and on carbon metabolism in p-deficient leaves. while p deficiency markedly induced activity of phosphohydrolases in both crops, t ... | 2004 | 15111721 |
| expression of genes encoding the rice translation initiation factor, eif5a, is involved in developmental and environmental responses. | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5 a (eif5a) is the only cellular protein known to contain the unusual amino acid hypusine. however, the precise cellular function of eif5a is to date unknown. in the present study, we report on the characterization of two cdna clones encoding eif5a in rice (oryza sativa). sequence analysis revealed that the two cdnas share 93% amino acid sequence identity. phylogenetic analysis of the eif5a genes revealed paraphyly of oseif5a-1 and oseif5a-2. analysis at ... | 2004 | 15086817 |
| new in silico insight into the synteny between rice (oryza sativa l.) and maize (zea mays l.) highlights reshuffling and identifies new duplications in the rice genome. | a unigene set of 1411 contigs was constructed from 2629 redundant maize expressed sequence tags (ests) mapped on the maizedb genetic map. rice orthologous sequences were identified by blast alignment against the rice genomic sequence. a total of 1046 (74%) maize contigs were associated with their corresponding homologues in the rice genome and 656 (47%) defined as potential orthologous relationships. one hundred and seventeen (8%) maize est contigs mapped to two distinct loci on the maize geneti ... | 2004 | 15086801 |
| the gata family of transcription factors in arabidopsis and rice. | gata transcription factors are a group of dna binding proteins broadly distributed in eukaryotes. the gata factors dna binding domain is a class iv zinc finger motif in the form cx(2)cx(17-20)cx(2)c followed by a basic region. in plants, gata dna motifs have been implicated in light-dependent and nitrate-dependent control of transcription. herein, we show that the arabidopsis and the rice (oryza sativa) genomes present 29 and 28 loci, respectively, that encode for putative gata factors. a phylog ... | 2004 | 15084732 |
| differential activation of the rice sucrose nonfermenting1-related protein kinase2 family by hyperosmotic stress and abscisic acid. | to date, a large number of sequences of protein kinases that belong to the sucrose nonfermenting1-related protein kinase2 (snrk2) family are found in databases. however, only limited numbers of the family members have been characterized and implicated in abscisic acid (aba) and hyperosmotic stress signaling. we identified 10 snrk2 protein kinases encoded by the rice (oryza sativa) genome. each of the 10 members was expressed in cultured cell protoplasts, and its regulation was analyzed. here, we ... | 2004 | 15084714 |
| multiple loci and epistases control genetic variation for seed dormancy in weedy rice (oryza sativa). | weedy rice has much stronger seed dormancy than cultivated rice. a wild-like weedy strain ss18-2 was selected to investigate the genetic architecture underlying seed dormancy, a critical adaptive trait in plants. a framework genetic map covering the rice genome was constructed on the basis of 156 bc(1) [em93-1 (nondormant breeding line)//em93-1/ss18-2] individuals. the mapping population was replicated using a split-tiller technique to control and better estimate the environmental variation. dor ... | 2004 | 15082564 |
| an overview of gibberellin metabolism enzyme genes and their related mutants in rice. | to enhance our understanding of ga metabolism in rice (oryza sativa), we intensively screened and identified 29 candidate genes encoding the following ga metabolic enzymes using all available rice dna databases: ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase (cps), ent-kaurene synthase (ks), ent-kaurene oxidase (ko), ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase (kao), ga 20-oxidase (ga20ox), ga 3-oxidase (ga3ox), and ga 2-oxidase (ga2ox). in contrast to the arabidopsis genome, multiple cps-like, ks-like, and ko-like genes were ... | 2004 | 15075394 |
| organisation and structural evolution of the rice glutathione s-transferase gene family. | glutathione s-transferases (gsts) comprise a large family of key defence enzymes against xenobiotic toxicity. here we describe the comprehensive characterisation of this important multigene family in the model monocot species rice [ oryza sativa(l.)]. furthermore, we investigate the molecular evolution of the family based on the analysis of (1) the patterns of within-genome duplication, and (2) the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary divergence among rice, arabidopsis, maize and soybean ... | 2004 | 15069639 |
| proteomics of the rice cell: systematic identification of the protein populations in subcellular compartments. | despite recent progress in sequencing the complete genome of rice ( oryza sativa), the proteome of this species remains poorly understood. to extend our knowledge of the rice proteome, the subcellular compartments, which include plasma membranes (pm), vacuolar membranes (vm), golgi membranes (gm), mitochondria (mt), and chloroplasts (cp), were purified from rice seedlings and cultured suspension cells. the proteins of each of these compartments were then systematically analyzed using two-dimensi ... | 2004 | 15069638 |
| methods of developing core collections based on the predicted genotypic value of rice ( oryza sativa l.). | the selection of an appropriate sampling strategy and a clustering method is important in the construction of core collections based on predicted genotypic values in order to retain the greatest degree of genetic diversity of the initial collection. in this study, methods of developing rice core collections were evaluated based on the predicted genotypic values for 992 rice varieties with 13 quantitative traits. the genotypic values of the traits were predicted by the adjusted unbiased predictio ... | 2004 | 15067404 |
| development of aflp-derived sts markers for the selection of 5-methyltryptophan-resistant rice mutants. | to increase the specific free amino acid content in the japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivar donganbyeo, mutant cell lines resistant to growth inhibition by 5-methyltryptophan (5mt) were selected from embryo-cultured callus irradiated with 50 gy gamma-rays. four 5mt-resistant homozygous m4 lines, mri-40, mri-116, mrii-8, and mrii-12, were obtained. the mean content of nine free essential amino acids were 70.1, 72.5, 31.7, and 35.4% greater than the original variety in these four mutant lines ... | 2004 | 15064855 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a novel brassinolide enhanced gene osble1 in oryza sativa seedlings. | brassinosteroids (brs) are plant steroids essential for normal growth and development. to gain insight into the molecular mechanism by which brs regulate the growth and development of plants, it is necessary to identify and analyze more genes that are regulated by brs. a novel brassinolide (bl)-enhanced gene designated osble1, which was originally identified by using rice (oryza sativa l.) cdna microarray, was cloned and characterized. its cdna is 598 bp long, encoding a predicted polypeptide wi ... | 2004 | 15061077 |
| development of pcr-based codominant markers flanking the alt3 gene in rye. | aluminum (al) toxicity is considered to be a major problem for crop growth and production on acid soils. the ability of crops to overcome al toxicity varies among crop species and cultivars. rye (secale cereale l.) is the most al-tolerant species among the triticeae. our previous study showed that al tolerance in a rye f6 recombinant inbred line (ril) population was controlled by a single gene designated as the aluminum tolerance (alt3) gene on chromosome 4rl. based on the dna sequence of a rice ... | 2004 | 15060575 |
| characterization of a new member of the glutathione peroxidase gene family in oryza sativa. | a cdna encoding an oryza sativa glutathione peroxidase, osgpx1, was isolated and characterized. osgpx1 encodes a protein of 168 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of approximately 18.5 kda. the protein has 92% identity to a gpx of zea mays, but only 65% identity to rice phgpx. the deduced amino acid sequence of osgpx1 contains two gpx active site domains and one wnf(s/t)kf domain. there is no plastid transit peptide sequence, suggesting that osgpx1 may function in the cytoplasm. osgpx1 ... | 2004 | 15055522 |
| circadian regulation of rice (oryza sativa l.) constans-like gene transcripts. | we identified three rice cdna clones showing amino acid similarity to the arabidopsis constans-like proteins from a database search (s12569, s3574, and c60910), to examine if their transcript abundances were under circadian control. unlike the other two proteins, the protein encoded by the s12569 cdna contains only one constans-like zinc finger b box, and a cct region. we found that the transcript levels of these rice constans-like (col) genes were under circadian control. the oscillation phase ... | 2004 | 15055520 |
| a rice wrky gene encodes a transcriptional repressor of the gibberellin signaling pathway in aleurone cells. | the molecular mechanism by which ga regulates plant growth and development has been a subject of active research. analyses of the rice (oryza sativa) genomic sequences identified 77 wrky genes, among which oswrky71 is highly expressed in aleurone cells. transient expression of oswrky71 by particle bombardment specifically represses ga-induced amy32b alpha-amylase promoter but not abscisic acid-induced hva22 or hva1 promoter activity in aleurone cells. moreover, oswrky71 blocks the activation of ... | 2004 | 15047897 |
| rice octadecanoid pathway. | plant jasmonic acid (ja) and structurally similar animal prostaglandins play pivotal roles in regulating cellular responses against environmental cues, including the innate immune response(s). in plants, ja and its immediate precursor 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (opda) are synthesized by the octadecanoid pathway, which employs at least five enzymes (lipase, lipoxygenase, allene oxide synthase and cyclase, and opda reductase), in addition to the enzymes involved in the beta-oxidation steps. genetic, ... | 2004 | 15047141 |
| evolutionary history of oryza sativa ltr retrotransposons: a preliminary survey of the rice genome sequences. | ltr retrotransposons transpose through reverse transcription of an rna intermediate and are ubiquitous components of all eukaryotic genomes thus far examined. plant genomes, in particular, have been found to be comprised of a remarkably high number of ltr retrotransposons. there is a significant body of direct and indirect evidence that ltr retrotransposons have contributed to gene and genome evolution in plants. | 2004 | 15040813 |
| composition and structure of the centromeric region of rice chromosome 8. | understanding the organization of eukaryotic centromeres has both fundamental and applied importance because of their roles in chromosome segregation, karyotypic stability, and artificial chromosome-based cloning and expression vectors. using clone-by-clone sequencing methodology, we obtained the complete genomic sequence of the centromeric region of rice (oryza sativa) chromosome 8. analysis of 1.97 mb of contiguous nucleotide sequence revealed three large clusters of cento satellite repeats (6 ... | 2004 | 15037733 |
| development of a non-lethal selection system by using the aada marker gene for efficient recovery of transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.). | the application of aminoglycoside-3"-adenyltransferase ( aada) gene-mediated streptomycin resistance for non-lethal selection of transgenic rice resulted in plant regeneration frequencies under selection pressure as high as those in non-transformed controls without selection. since streptomycin does not kill non-transgenic cells, and allows plant regeneration from them, a selection procedure was developed that made the visual identification of transgenic calli and regenerants possible. for callu ... | 2004 | 15034748 |
| [heterosis and genetic correlation analysis of rice (oryza sativa l.) grain weight development under different environmental conditions]. | two sets of test materials were derived from diallel cross among nine different types of selected rice varieties (lines). based on the experimental data at different development stages of early and late rice, the estimation of heterosis and genetic correlation of rice grain weight at some development stages (0-->t) or at some special development phases (t--1-->t) was conducted by using additive-dominant genetic model and developmental genetic model for quantitative traits. the results indicated ... | 2003 | 15031916 |
| a new resource for cereal genomics: 22k barley genechip comes of age. | in recent years, access to complete genomic sequences, coupled with rapidly accumulating data related to rna and protein expression patterns, has made it possible to determine comprehensively how genes contribute to complex phenotypes. however, for major crop plants, publicly available, standard platforms for parallel expression analysis have been limited. we report the conception and design of the new publicly available, 22k barley1 genechip probe array, a model for plants without a fully seque ... | 2004 | 15020760 |
| identification of 20 micrornas from oryza sativa. | micrornas (mirnas) are present in both plant and animal kingdoms and represents a growing family of non-coding rnas. these tiny rnas act as small guides and direct negative regulations usually in the process of development through sequence complementarity to target mrnas. although a large number of mirnas have been identified from various animals, so far plant mirna studies have focused mainly on arabidopsis. here we describe the identification of 20 mirnas from a rice cdna library. all the mirn ... | 2004 | 15020705 |
| chromosomes associate premeiotically and in xylem vessel cells via their telomeres and centromeres in diploid rice ( oryza sativa). | studies of the meiosis of diploid plants such as arabidopsis, maize and diploid progenitors of wheat have revealed no premeiotic association of chromosomes. premeiotic and somatic association of chromosomes has only been previously observed in the anther tissues and xylem vessel cells of developing roots in polyploid plants such as hexaploid and tetraploid wheat, polyploid relatives of wheat and artificial polyploids made from the progenitor diploids of wheat. this suggested that this associatio ... | 2004 | 15007655 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel rice gene encoding a putative insect-inducible protein homologous to wheat wir1. | a full-length cdna, designated bphi008a, was cloned representing a rice (oryza sativa) mrna that accumulates after brown planthopper (bph) nilapar vata lugens stål feeding. the cdna encodes a putative 82 amino acid protein (bphi008a) exhibiting about 37% amino acid sequence identity to wir1 family of proteins that are encoded by pathogen-induced transcripts in wheat. like wir1 proteins, it consists of a hydrophobic n-terminal half and a hydrophilic c-terminal half relatively rich in glycine and ... | 2004 | 15002667 |
| aluminium-induced production of oxygen radicals, lipid peroxidation and dna damage in seedlings of rice (oryza sativa). | the effect of aluminium (al) on seedlings of two rice cultivars, pusa basmati and vikas was investigated after different hours of exposure to 80 mol/l of external al supply. with increasing time of exposure, the growing seedlings readily absorbed al and its localization was greater in roots than shoots. prolonged exposure to al intensified lipid peroxidation, changed the activities of sod and peroxidase and caused dna damage. however, differential responses were observed between the seedlings of ... | 2004 | 15002665 |
| spermine accumulation under salt stress. | polyamines have long been recognized to be linked to stress situations, and it is generally accepted that they have protective characteristics. however, little is known about their physiological relevance in plants subjected to long-term salt stress. in order to precise their importance, two rice (oryza sativa) cultivars differing in their salt tolerance were salinized for 7, 14 and 21 days. the activities of some of the enzymes involved in polyamine metabolism, free polyamines and proline conte ... | 2004 | 15002662 |
| genetic basis of heterosis and inbreeding depression in rice (oryza sativa l.). | the genetic basis of heterosis was studied through mid-parent, standard variety and better parent for 11 quantitative traits in 17 parental lines and their 10 selected hybrids in rice (oryza sativa l.). the characters were plant height, days to flag leaf initiation, days to first panicle initiation, days to 100% flowering, panicle length, flag leaf length, days to maturity, number of fertile spikelet/panicle, number of effective tillers/hill, grain yield/10-hill, and 1000-grain weight. in genera ... | 2004 | 14994428 |
| analysis of digenic epistatic effects and qe interaction effects qtl controlling grain weight in rice. | immortalized f(2) population of rice (oryza sativa l.) was developed by randomly mating f(1) among recombinant inbred (ri) lines derived from (zhenshan 97b x minghui 63), which allowed replications within and across environments. qtl (quantitative trait loci) mapping analysis on kilo-grain weight of immortalized f(2) population was performed by using newly developed software for qtl mapping, qtlmapper 2.0. eleven distinctly digenic epistatic loci included a total of 15 qtl were located on eight ... | 2004 | 14994424 |
| characterization of qtls for harvest index and source-sink characters in a dh population of rice (oryza sativa l.). | a dh population containing 81 dh lines from an indica-japonica cross of rice and an rflp linkage map consisting of 232 markers were used to map quantitative trait loci(qtls) for harvest index, biomass, grain yield, sink capacity and plant height by a computer program qtlmapper1.0 based on mixed linear models. a total of 21 significant main-effect qtls and 9 pairs of epistatic loci were detected. of these, three detected qtls for grain yield collectively accounted for 42% of the phenotypic variat ... | 2003 | 14986429 |
| evolutionary dynamics of the dna-binding domains in putative r2r3-myb genes identified from rice subspecies indica and japonica genomes. | the molecular evolution of the r2r3-myb gene family is of great interest because it is one of the most important transcription factor gene families in the plant kingdom. comparative analyses of a gene family may reveal important adaptive changes at the protein level and thereby provide insights that relate structure to function. we have performed a range of comparative and bioinformatics analyses on r2r3-myb genes identified from the rice (oryza sativa subsp. japonica and indica) and arabidopsis ... | 2004 | 14966247 |
| lipoic acid-dependent oxidative catabolism of alpha-keto acids in mitochondria provides evidence for branched-chain amino acid catabolism in arabidopsis. | lipoic acid-dependent pathways of alpha-keto acid oxidation by mitochondria were investigated in pea (pisum sativum), rice (oryza sativa), and arabidopsis. proteins containing covalently bound lipoic acid were identified on isoelectric focusing/sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis separations of mitochondrial proteins by the use of antibodies raised to this cofactor. all these proteins were identified by tandem mass spectrometry. lipoic acid-containing acyltransferases from ... | 2004 | 14764908 |
| characterization of two phosphate transporters from barley; evidence for diverse function and kinetic properties among members of the pht1 family. | putative phosphate transporters have been identified in a barley (hordeum vulgare l.) genomic library by their homology to known phosphate transporters from dicot species. the genes designated horvu;pht1;1 and horvu;pht1;6 encode proteins of 521 and 535 amino acids respectively with 12 predicted membrane-spanning domains and other motifs common to the phtl family of phosphate transporters. horvu;pht1;1 is expressed exclusively in roots and is strongly induced by phosphate deprivation. horvu;pht1 ... | 2003 | 14756304 |
| proteomic identification of alpha-amylase isoforms encoded by ramy3b/3c from germinating rice seeds. | we isolated and identified 10 alpha-amylase isoforms by using beta-cyclodextrin sepharose affinity column chromatography and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis from germinating rice (oryza sativa l.) seeds. immunoblots with anti-alpha-amylase i-1 and ii-4 antibodies indicated that 8 isoforms in 10 are distinguishable from alpha-amylase i-1 and ii-4. peptide mass fingerprinting analysis showed that there exist novel isoforms encoded by ramy3b and ramy3c genes. the optimum temperat ... | 2004 | 14745172 |
| comparative dna sequence analysis of mapped wheat ests reveals the complexity of genome relationships between rice and wheat. | the use of dna sequence-based comparative genomics for evolutionary studies and for transferring information from model species to related large-genome species has revolutionized molecular genetics and breeding strategies for improving those crops. comparative sequence analysis methods can be used to cross-reference genes between species maps, enhance the resolution of comparative maps, study patterns of gene evolution, identify conserved regions of the genomes, and facilitate interspecies gene ... | 2004 | 14740255 |
| identification and functional analysis of a locus for improvement of lodging resistance in rice. | we identified a new locus responsible for increased pushing resistance of the lower part of rice (oryza sativa) and analyzed its physiological function to understand how to improve lodging resistance in rice. quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling pushing resistance of the lower part were analyzed in a population of backcross inbred lines of japonica nipponbare x indica kasalath plants cut out at 40 cm to exclude the effect of the weight of the upper parts. five qtls for pushing resistance w ... | 2004 | 14739343 |
| expressional analysis of an erebp transcription factor gene osebp-89 in rice. | osebp-89 gene encodes an ethylene responsive element binding protein (erebp) transcription factor from rice (oryza sativa). northern blot analysis revealed that osebp-89 was expressed in root, stem, seeds, flowers and leaves of rice. histochemical assay showed that gus expressed mainly in phloem of vascular tissues of the root and stem transition region (rst), basal part of sheath roots, stem node and basal part of adventitious roots, also in endosperm of seeds in transgenic rice harboring osebp ... | 2004 | 14732870 |
| map-based cloning of a fertility restorer gene, rf-1, in rice (oryza sativa l.). | a rice nuclear gene, rf-1, restores the pollen fertility disturbed by the bt-type male sterile cytoplasm, and is widely used for commercial seed production of japonica hybrid varieties. genomic fragments carrying rf-1 were identified by conducting chromosome walking and a series of complementation tests. isolation and analysis of cdna clones corresponding to the fragments demonstrated that rf-1 encodes a mitochondrially targeted protein containing 16 repeats of the 35-aa pentatricopeptide repeat ... | 2004 | 14731253 |
| calcium sensors and their interacting protein kinases: genomics of the arabidopsis and rice cbl-cipk signaling networks. | calcium signals mediate a multitude of plant responses to external stimuli and regulate a wide range of physiological processes. calcium-binding proteins, like calcineurin b-like (cbl) proteins, represent important relays in plant calcium signaling. these proteins form a complex network with their target kinases being the cbl-interacting protein kinases (cipks). here, we present a comparative genomics analysis of the full complement of cbls and cipks in arabidopsis and rice (oryza sativa). we co ... | 2004 | 14730064 |
| differential expression of an s-adenosyl-l-methionine decarboxylase gene involved in polyamine biosynthesis under low temperature stress in japonica and indica rice genotypes. | we have investigated the regulation of the rice (oryza sativa) gene ossamdc, which encodes an s-adenosyl-l-methionine decarboxylase (samdc) involved in polyamine biosynthesis. clones representing genes differentially expressed at 5 degrees c and 20 degrees c were isolated from a cdna library prepared from the chilling-tolerant japonica-type cultivar yukihikari. the full-length ossamdc cdna consists of 1560 bp, with the longest orf encoding a polypeptide of 398 amino acids. southern analysis indi ... | 2004 | 14727183 |
| [observation amyloplasts in the gravity-insensitive mutant of rice under gravity and microgravity conditions]. | using histochemistry and optical microscope, we examined the number and the size of amyloplasts in specialized tissues of gravitropically receptive organs-tissues such as the coleoptile and sheath of rice mutant (insensitive to gravity) and wide type (oryza sativa l. subsp. japonica) (zhonghua 11). we found there was no statistical difference between the mutant and wide type, both of which grew on earth or on the clinostat respectively. on earth, it was found that amyloplasts sedimented at the d ... | 2003 | 14724941 |
| toward detoxifying mercury-polluted aquatic sediments with rice genetically engineered for mercury resistance. | mercury contamination of soil and water is a serious problem at many sites in the united states and throughout the world. plant species expressing the bacterial mercuric reductase gene, mera, convert ionic mercury, hg(ii), from growth substrates to the less toxic metallic mercury, hg(0). this activity confers mercury resistance to plants and removes mercury from the plant and substrates through volatilization. our goal is to develop plants that intercept and remove hg(ii) from polluted aquatic s ... | 2003 | 14713034 |
| a post genomic characterization of arabidopsis ferredoxins. | in higher plant plastids, ferredoxin (fd) is the unique soluble electron carrier protein located in the stroma. consequently, a wide variety of essential metabolic and signaling processes depend upon reduction by fd. the currently available plant genomes of arabidopsis and rice (oryza sativa) contain several genes encoding putative fds, although little is known about the proteins themselves. to establish whether this variety represents redundancy or specialized function, we have recombinantly ex ... | 2004 | 14684843 |
| glycosylphosphatidylinositol lipid anchoring of plant proteins. sensitive prediction from sequence- and genome-wide studies for arabidopsis and rice. | posttranslational glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) lipid anchoring is common not only for animal and fungal but also for plant proteins. the attachment of the gpi moiety to the carboxyl-terminus after proteolytic cleavage of a c-terminal propeptide is performed by the transamidase complex. its four known subunits also have obvious full-length orthologs in the arabidopsis and rice (oryza sativa) genomes; thus, the mechanism of substrate protein processing appears similar for all eukaryotes. a l ... | 2003 | 14681532 |
| simulating pesticide leaching and runoff in rice paddies with the ricewq-vadoft model. | there is a current need to simulate leaching and runoff of pesticide from rice (oryza sativa l.) paddies for assessing environmental impacts on a valuable agricultural system. the objective of this study was to develop a model for determining predicted environmental concentration (pec) in soil, runoff, and ground water through the linkage of two models, rice water quality model (ricewq) and vadose zone transport model (vadoft), to simulate pesticide fate and transport within a rice paddy and und ... | 2015 | 14674541 |
| methane emissions of rice increased by elevated carbon dioxide and temperature. | methane (ch4) effluxes by paddy-culture rice (oryza sativa l.) contribute about 16% of the total anthropogenic emissions. since radiative forcing of ch4 at current atmospheric concentrations is 21 times greater on a per mole basis than that of carbon dioxide (co2), it is imperative that the impact of global change on rice ch4 emissions be evaluated. rice (cv. ir72) was planted in sunlit, closed-circulation, controlled-environment chambers in which ch4 efflux densities were measured daily. the co ... | 2015 | 14674519 |
| [analysis of additive and ae interaction effects of qtls controlling plant height, heading date and panicle number in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | plant height (ph), heading date (hd) and productive panicle number (pn) are important agronomic trait in rice. appropriate plant height, heading date and panicle number are prerequisites for the desired high and stable yield level in rice breeding programs. a recombinant inbred line (ril) population consisting of 304 individuals was derived from a cross between indica varieties zhong156 and gumei2, from which a linkage map consisting of 168 rflp, sslp, rapd and rga markers that distribute on all ... | 2003 | 14669505 |
| mapping qtl for traits associated with resistance to ferrous iron toxicity in rice (oryza sativa l.), using japonica chromosome segment substitution lines. | a mapping population of 66 japonica chromosome segment substitution lines (cssls) in indica genetic background, derived from a cross between a japonica variety asominori and an indica variety ir24 by the single-seed descent, backcrossing and marker-assisted selection, was used to detect quantitative trait loci (qtls) for leaf bronzing index (lbi), stem dry weight (sdw), plant height (ph), root length (rl) and root dry weight (rdw) under fe2+ stress condition in rice. two parents and 66 japonica ... | 2003 | 14669504 |
| an assessment of the resistance gene analogues of oryza sativa ssp. japonica: their presence and structure. | rice is the first cereal genome of known draft sequence, and the finished sequence for it is now nearly complete. in this paper, we describe a preliminary analysis of known rice genes aimed to detect resistance gene analogues of known structural classes. putative resistance genes were identified in a dual approach--by using blastp searches to identify candidate sequences and by using hidden markov models to predict domain presence in the candidates. the set of proteins examined was obtained from ... | 2003 | 14668919 |
| monitoring expression profiles of rice genes under cold, drought, and high-salinity stresses and abscisic acid application using cdna microarray and rna gel-blot analyses. | to identify cold-, drought-, high-salinity-, and/or abscisic acid (aba)-inducible genes in rice (oryza sativa), we prepared a rice cdna microarray including about 1700 independent cdnas derived from cdna libraries prepared from drought-, cold-, and high-salinity-treated rice plants. we confirmed stress-inducible expression of the candidate genes selected by microarray analysis using rna gel-blot analysis and finally identified a total of 73 genes as stress inducible including 58 novel unreported ... | 2003 | 14645724 |
| identification of aluminium-regulated genes by cdna-aflp in rice (oryza sativa l.): aluminium-regulated genes for the metabolism of cell wall components. | aluminium (al) toxicity is the major factor limiting crop productivity in acid soils. to investigate the molecular mechanisms of al toxicity and al tolerance of rice, cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cdna-aflp) was used for identifying al-regulated genes in roots of an al-tolerant tropical upland rice, azucena, and an al-sensitive lowland rice, ir1552. nineteen function-known genes were found among 34 transcript-derived fragments (tdfs) regulated by al stress. the results indicate th ... | 2004 | 14645395 |
| transferability of microsatellite and sequence tagged site markers in oryza species. | the genus oryza comprises 22 species which are potentially useful as a source of genetic variability that can be introgressed into the worldwide cultivated rice, oryza sativa. molecular markers are useful tools for monitoring gene introgressions and for detecting polymorphism among species. in this study, cross-amplification was estimated among 28 accessions of 16 oryza species, representing the genomes aa, bb, cc, bbcc and ccdd, using 59 microsatellite (og, os and rm series) and 15 sts (sequenc ... | 2003 | 14641482 |
| cloning and characterization of a novel hsp100/clp gene (osclpd) from oryza sativa. | a novel osclpd gene, encoding a highly conservative clpd subfamily member, was first isolated and characterized from oryza sativa. the full-length cdna of osclpd gene was 3140 bp and contained a 2884 bp open reading frame encoding a 938 amino acid protein. the phylogenetic tree and blast search showed that osclpd belonged to the clpd subfamily of the hsp100/clp family, and contained all protein motifs characteristic for the clpd subfamily of hsp100/clp proteins. the real-time quantitative pcr an ... | 2003 | 14640074 |
| growth and cell wall changes in rice roots during spaceflight. | we analyzed the changes in growth and cell wall properties of roots of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. koshihikari) grown for 68.5, 91.5, and 136 h during the space shuttle sts-95 mission. in space, most of rice roots elongated in a direction forming a constant mean angle of about 55 degrees with the perpendicular base line away from the caryopsis in the early phase of growth, but later the roots grew in various directions, including away from the agar medium. in space, elongation growth of roots was ... | 2003 | 14631940 |
| temperature modulates the cell wall mechanical properties of rice coleoptiles by altering the molecular mass of hemicellulosic polysaccharides. | the present study was conducted to investigate the mechanism inducing the difference in the cell wall extensibility of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. koshihikari) coleoptiles grown under various temperature (10-50 degrees c) conditions. the growth rate and the cell wall extensibility of rice coleoptiles exhibited the maximum value at 30-40 degrees c, and became smaller as the growth temperature rose or dropped from this temperature range. the amounts of cell wall polysaccharides per unit length of co ... | 2003 | 14631937 |
| cdna cloning and expression analysis of the rice (oryza sativa l.) rnase l inhibitor. | a subtractive cdna library was constructed using rice (oryza sativa l.) callus cdna as driver and differentiating callus cdna as tester. a novel cdna fragment encoding rnase l inhibitor (rli) was isolated by screening the subtractive library, which had a higher expression level in differentiating callus than in callus. the full-length cdna of rice-rli was obtained by the method of rapid amplification of cdna ends, which contained a 1812-bp open reading frame encoding a 604 amino acid polypeptide ... | 2003 | 14631652 |
| auxin responsiveness of a novel cytochrome p450 in rice coleoptiles. | an early auxin-induced gene was isolated from rice (oryza sativa l. subsp. japonica cv nihonmasari) coleoptiles by a fluorescent-labeled differential display screen. the full-length gene contains conserved domains characteristic for the cytochrome p450 superfamily. this gene, designated as cyp87a3, was weakly expressed in dark-grown coleoptiles but was up-regulated rapidly and transiently when coleoptile segments were incubated in 5 microm indole-3-acetic acid. this induction by auxin could not ... | 2003 | 14630954 |
| introns are key regulatory elements of rice tubulin expression. | the genomic clones containing elements that regulate transcription of the three known rice ( oryza sativa l.) alpha-tubulin isotypes ( ostua1, ostua2 and ostua3) have been isolated. we have used these genomic regions to identify the regulatory elements that contribute to the expression of a marker gene ( gusa) in transient assays performed on rice calli derived from mature embryos. in all cases, we found that the first intron was required to achieve high levels of expression. this is consistent ... | 2004 | 14625773 |
| mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling low-temperature germinability in rice (oryza sativa l.). | low-temperature germination is one of the major determinants for stable stand establishment in the direct seeding method in temperate regions, and at high altitudes of tropical regions. quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling low-temperature germinability in rice were identified using 122 backcross inbred lines (bils) derived from a cross between temperate japonica varieties, italica livorno and hayamasari. the germination rate at 15 degrees c was measured to represent low-temperature germina ... | 2004 | 14624339 |
| interaction between two auxin-resistant mutants and their effects on lateral root formation in rice (oryza sativa l.). | since root elongation is very sensitive to auxin, screening for reduced inhibition in root elongation has been an important method for the detection of auxin-resistant mutants. two recessive auxin-resistant lines of rice (oryza sativa l. ssp. indica cv. ir8), arm1 and arm2, have been isolated by screening for resistance to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d). arm1 displays a variety of morphological defects including reduced lateral root formation, increased seminal root elongation, reduced r ... | 2003 | 14623941 |
| oshap3 genes regulate chloroplast biogenesis in rice. | we have isolated three genes that potentially encode a hap3/nuclear factor-yb (nf-yb)/ccaat binding factor-a (cbf-a) subunit of a ccaat-box binding complex in rice (oryza sativa), and named them oshap3a, oshap3b and oshap3c. these genes were expressed in various organs including leaves. in the transgenic rice plants with antisense or rnai construct of oshap3a, reduced expression of not only oshap3a but also oshap3b and oshap3c was observed. these plants had pale green leaves, in which the amount ... | 2003 | 14617083 |
| delimitation of the chromosomal region for a quantitative trait locus, quvr- 10, conferring resistance to ultraviolet-b radiation in rice (oryza sativa l.). | wide variation in ultraviolet-b (uvb) resistance is observed among rice varieties. in a previous study, three quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling uvb resistance were detected by qtl analysis, using backcross inbred lines (bils) derived from a cross between a japonica cultivar, 'nipponbare', and an indica cultivar, 'kasalath'. among them, quvr- 10, a qtl for uvb resistance on chromosome 10, showed the largest effect. plants homozygous for the nipponbare allele at quvr- 10 were resistant to ... | 2004 | 14614563 |
| accumulation of lea proteins in salt (nacl) stressed young seedlings of rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivar bura rata and their degradation during recovery from salinity stress. | germination and subsequent hydroponic growth under salt stress (100 mmol/l nacl) triggered an accumulation of six major stress proteins and resulted in a growth arrest of young seedlings of rice (oryza sativa l.) cv. bura rata. based on two-dimensional electrophoretic resolution, partial amino acid sequencing and immunodetection techniques, four of the salt stress-induced polypeptides were identified as lea proteins. under all experimental conditions wherein seedlings exhibited superior halotole ... | 2003 | 14610885 |
| impaired induction of the jasmonate pathway in the rice mutant hebiba. | the elongation of rice (oryza sativa) coleoptiles is inhibited by light, and this photoinhibition was used to screen for mutants with impaired light response. in one of the isolated mutants, hebiba, coleoptile elongation was stimulated in the presence of red light, but inhibited in the dark. light responses of endogenous indolyl-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid were identical between the wild type and the mutant. in contrast, the wild type showed a dramatic increase of jasmonate heralded by corre ... | 2003 | 14605232 |
| how do plants achieve tolerance to phosphorus deficiency? small causes with big effects. | genotypic differences in phosphorus (p) uptake from p-deficient soils may be due to higher root growth or higher external root efficiency (micrograms of p taken up per square centimeter of root surface area). both factors are highly interrelated because any additional p provided by externally efficient roots will also stimulate root growth. it will be necessary to separate both factors to identify a primary mechanism to formulate hypotheses on pathways and genes causing genotypic differences in ... | 2003 | 14605228 |
| conserved subgroups and developmental regulation in the monocot rop gene family. | rop small gtpases are plant-specific signaling proteins with roles in pollen and vegetative cell growth, abscisic acid signal transduction, stress responses, and pathogen resistance. we have characterized the rop family in the monocots maize (zea mays) and rice (oryza sativa). the maize genome contains at least nine expressed rops, and the fully sequenced rice genome has seven. based on phylogenetic analyses of all available rops, the family can be subdivided into four groups that predate the di ... | 2003 | 14605221 |
| enhancement of transpiration by ethylene is responsible for absence of internodal elongation in floating rice at low humidity. | internodal elongation in floating rice (oryza sativa) is known to be enhanced by treatment with ethylene or gibberellic acid (ga3) at high relative humidity (rh). however, ethylene-induced internodal elongation is inhibited at low rh, while ga3-induced internodal elongation is hardly affected by humidity. we examined the effects of ethylene and ga3 on the rate of transpiration in stem segments incubated at 30% or 100% rh. ethylene promoted the transpiration of stem segments at 30% rh, but not at ... | 2003 | 14593815 |
| development of a system for the study of protein-protein interactions in planta: characterization of a tata-box binding protein complex in oryza sativa. | we describe a simple, rapid method for protein complex purification in planta. using a biotin peptide as an affinity tag with tata-box binding protein (tbp), 86 unique proteins present in the purified complex were identified by tandem mass spectrometry. we identified proteins known to be associated with tbp, and many other proteins involved in pre-mrna processing and chromatin remodeling. the identification of these novel protein-protein associations will upon further investigations provide new ... | 2015 | 14582648 |
| [qtl analysis for percentage of exserted stigma in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | percentage of exserted stigmas (pes) was investigated in hainan by using a population of 127 dh population derived from a cross between a high-pes indica variety zaiyeqing 8 (zyq 8) and a low-pes japonica variety jingxi 17(jx 17) and its molecular linkage map of 234 markers. two qtls (qpes-2, qpes-3) for pes were located on chromosome 2 and 3, respectively. there is no difference between the qtls for single stigma exsertation and total pes, but the only qtl for dual stigma exsertation located on ... | 2003 | 14579532 |
| [towards the positional cloning of a spikelet identity gene frizzle panicle (fzp) in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | fzp is a key gene for spikelet differentiation in rice. mutation of the gene blocks the differentiation of spikelets and makes rachis branches develop unlimitedly. a mutant of the gene named frizzle panicle (fzp) was previously found from the high-generation progeny of a cross between two oryza sativa ssp. indica rice varieties, v20b and hua1b. with the mutant, fzp had been mapped to a chromosomal region of about 26.4 cm in width between two ssr (simple sequence repeat) markers, rm172 and rm18, ... | 2003 | 14577371 |
| [analysis of photoperiod-sensitivity genes in minghui63, an restorer line of indica rice(oryza sativa l.)]. | hybrid rice is very important in agriculture production in china. its selecting property makes it significant to study the genetic performance of f1's date to heading (dh). minghui63, an indica rice restorer line, has been widdly applied to hybrid rice seed production in china, but the photoperiod-sensitivity gene of heading date in this restorer line is still unknown. this definitely limited the further use of this restorer line in breeding practice and re-production of hybrid seeds. to solve t ... | 2003 | 14577370 |
| identification of a locus increasing rice yield and physiological analysis of its function. | i identified a new locus responsible for increased yield potential and evaluated its physiological function to understand how to improve potential yield in rice (oryza sativa) plants. quantitative trait loci (qtls) for 1,000-grain weight (tgw) were analyzed under different environments over 3 years in backcross inbred lines of rice japonica cv nipponbare x indica cv kasalath. four qtls for this trait were detected across environments; rice cv kasalath had a positive allele only at one qtl on chr ... | 2003 | 14576284 |
| population structure and its effect on haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium surrounding the xa5 locus of rice (oryza sativa l.). | to assess the usefulness of linkage disequilibrium mapping in an autogamous, domesticated species, we have characterized linkage disequilibrium in the candidate region for xa5, a recessive gene conferring race-specific resistance to bacterial blight in rice. this trait and locus have good mapping information, a tractable phenotype, and available sequence data, but no cloned gene. we sampled 13 short segments from the 70-kb candidate region in 114 accessions of oryza sativa. five additional segme ... | 2003 | 14573486 |
| sequence variations of simple sequence repeats on chromosome-4 in two subspecies of the asian cultivated rice. | computational screening of the chromosome-4 sequence of the rice cultivar nipponbare ( oryza sativa l. japonica) revealed 1,844 tandem simple sequence repeats (ssrs) or microsatellites with ssr motifs >/=20 bp and repeated unit length of 1-6 base pairs. thus ssrs occur once in every 18.8 kb, on the average, on the chromosome with one ssr per 23.8 kb and 16 kb on the short and long arms, respectively. no ssr was detected in the core region of the centromere. poly(at)(n) repeats represented the mo ... | 2004 | 14564393 |
| diverse environmental cues transiently regulate osopr1 of the "octadecanoid pathway" revealing its importance in rice defense/stress and development. | previously, we reported rice (oryza sativa l. japonica type cv. nipponbare) allene oxide synthase (osaos) and cyclase (osaoc) genes of the octadecanoid pathway. here we have isolated a 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase gene, called osopr1, encoding the last committed enzymatic step on the octadecanoid pathway leading to jasmonic acid (ja) biosynthesis. osopr1 encodes a 380 amino acid long polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 42465.02 and pi of 5.79, and belongs to a gene family in the ... | 2003 | 14559225 |
| sensitivity of wheat and rice to low levels of atmospheric ethylene. | ethylene (c2h4) gas is produced throughout the life cycle of plants and can accumulate in closed growth chambers to levels 100 times higher than in outside environments. elevated atmospheric c2h4 can cause a variety of abnormal responses, but the sensitivity to elevated c2h4 is not well characterized. we evaluated the c2h4 sensitivity of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rice (oryza sativa l.) in five studies. the first three studies compared the effects of continuous c2h4 levels ranging from 0 t ... | 2016 | 14552359 |
| anaerobic conditions improve germination of a gibberellic acid deficient rice. | dwarf plants are useful in research because multiple plants can be grown in a small area. rice (oryza sativa l.) is especially important since its relatively simple genome has recently been sequenced. we are characterizing a gibberellic acid (ga) mutant of rice (japonica cv 'shiokari,' line n-71) that is extremely dwarf (20 cm tall). unfortunately, this ga mutation is associated with poor germination (70%) under aerobic conditions. neither exogenous ga nor a dormancy-breaking heat treatment impr ... | 2016 | 14552358 |
| stable transformation of rice (oryza sativa l.) via microprojectile bombardment of highly regenerative, green tissues derived from mature seed. | a highly efficient and reproducible transformation system for rice ( oryza sativa l. cv. taipei 309) was developed using microprojectile bombardment of highly regenerative, green tissues. these tissues were induced from mature seeds on nb-based medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d), 6-benzylaminopurine (bap) and high concentrations of cupric sulfate under dim light conditions; germinating shoots and roots were completely removed. highly regenerative, green tissues were prolife ... | 2004 | 14551731 |
| a semidwarf phenotype of barley uzu results from a nucleotide substitution in the gene encoding a putative brassinosteroid receptor. | brassinosteroids (brs) play important roles throughout plant growth and development. despite the importance of clarifying the mechanism of br-related growth regulation in cereal crops, br-related cereal mutants have been identified only in rice (oryza sativa). we previously found that semidwarf barley (hordeum vulgare) accessions carrying the "uzu" gene, called "uzu" barley in japan, are non-responding for brassinolide (bl). we then performed chemical and molecular analyses to clarify the mechan ... | 2003 | 14551335 |
| removal of selenate in simulated agricultural drainage water by a rice straw bioreactor channel system. | removal of selenium (se) from agricultural drainage water is important in protecting wetland wildlife. three flow-through bioreactor channel systems (bcss), each with three channels filled with rice (oryza sativa l.) straw, were set in the laboratory to determine removal of selenate [se(vi)] (1020 microg l(-1)) from drainage water with a salinity of 10.4 ds m(-1), a ph of 8.1, and a nitrate (no3-) range of 0 to 100 mg l(-1). results showed that the rice straw effectively reduced se(vi) during 12 ... | 2015 | 14535305 |
| identification of a new gene controlling plant height in rice using the candidate-gene strategy. | a gene underlying a quantitative trait locus (qtl) controlling plant height on chromosome 1 (qtlph1) in rice ( oryza sativa l.) was identified using the candidate-gene strategy. first, the function of a targeted gene was analyzed using near isogenic lines (nils) in which the chromosomal region of a targeted qtl was substituted with that of another line. second, for physiological information, the candidate gene was selected in the annotation data by the genome sequencing. physiological analyses o ... | 2004 | 14534788 |
| starch-branching enzyme i-deficient mutation specifically affects the structure and properties of starch in rice endosperm. | we have isolated a starch mutant that was deficient in starch-branching enzyme i (bei) from the endosperm mutant stocks of rice (oryza sativa) induced by the treatment of fertilized egg cells with n-methyl-n-nitrosourea. the deficiency of bei in this mutant was controlled by a single recessive gene, tentatively designated as starch-branching enzyme mutant 1 (sbe1). the mutant endosperm exhibited the normal phenotype and contained the same amount of starch as the wild type. however, the mutation ... | 2003 | 14526120 |
| cell-cycle-related variation in proteins in suspension-cultured rice cells. | to understand the cell cycle process in plants, we searched for proteins that quantitatively change during the cell cycle in suspension-cultured rice ( oryza sativa l.) cells. the proteins were analyzed by a two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis image-analysis system. we detected 11 proteins that quantitatively changed during the cell cycle, among which beta-tubulins and a calreticulin-like protein were identified. the amounts of beta-tubulin proteins were low in the m phase and hig ... | 2003 | 14523618 |
| characterization of two rice dna methyltransferase genes and rnai-mediated reactivation of a silenced transgene in rice callus. | two genomic clones ( osmet1-1, af 462029 and osmet1-2, tpa bk001405), each encoding a cytosine-5 dna methyltransferase (mtase), were isolated from rice ( oryza sativa l.) bac libraries. osmet1-1 has an open reading frame of 4,566 nucleotides with 12 exons and 11 introns while osmet1-2 has an open reading frame of 4,491 nucleotides with 11 exons and 10 introns. although osmet1-1 and osmet1-2 have high sequence similarity overall, they share only 24% identity in exon 1, and intron 3 of osmet1-1 is ... | 2004 | 14513380 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci for yield and yield components in an advanced backcross population derived from the oryza sativa variety ir64 and the wild relative o. rufipogon. | a bc(2)f(2) population developed from an interspecific cross between oryza sativa (cv ir64) and o. rufipogon (irgc 105491) was used in an advanced backcross qtl analysis to identify and introduce agronomically useful genes from this wild relative into the cultivated gene pool. the objectives of this study were: (1) to identify putative yield and yield component qtls that can be useful to improve the elite cultivar ir64; (2) to compare the qtls within this study with previously reported qtls in r ... | 2003 | 14513215 |
| ds tagging of branched floretless 1 (bfl1) that mediates the transition from spikelet to floret meristem in rice (oryza sativa l). | the genetics of spikelet formation, a feature unique to grasses such as rice and maize, is yet to be fully understood, although a number of meristem and organ identity mutants have been isolated and investigated in arabidopsis and maize. using a two-element ac/ds transposon tagging system we have isolated a rice mutant, designated branched floretless 1 (bfl1) which is defective in the transition from spikelet meristem to floret meristem. | 2003 | 14503923 |
| environmental stress-induced extracellular isoperoxidase rc3 from rice. | effects of various environmental stresses such as heavy metals, salts and low (high) temperature on the secretion of peroxidase isozyme into the medium were examined in rice (oryza sativa cv. nak-dong) suspension culture. the major extracellular peroxidases secreted into the medium by various stresses were cationic isoperoxidases. a far migrating cationic isoperoxidase rc3 was isolated from the medium after application of cacl2, the effective stimulator for peroxidase secretion. isolation of ext ... | 2003 | 12974407 |
| [molecular responses of rice (oryza sativa l.) to the stress of lowly enhanced uv-b radiation]. | the approach of mrna differential display (dd) was used to analyze the gene differential expression of rice seedling subjected to lowly enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation. the results showed that of the eighteen differential fragments, fifteen ones were different in expressional levels, another one was depressed, and the other two, named as ruvb1 and ruvb2 respectively, which could be recovered and re-amplified, were specifically induced. sequence analysis for ruvb2 through internet blast searchin ... | 2003 | 12974001 |
| three distinct rice cellulose synthase catalytic subunit genes required for cellulose synthesis in the secondary wall. | several brittle culm mutations of rice (oryza sativa) causing fragility of plant tissues have been identified genetically but not characterized at a molecular level. we show here that the genes responsible for three distinct brittle mutations of rice, induced by the insertion of the endogenous retrotransposon tos17, correspond to cesa (cellulose synthase catalytic subunit) genes, oscesa4, oscesa7 and oscesa9. three cesa genes were expressed in seedlings, culms, premature panicles, and roots but ... | 2003 | 12970476 |
| [changes in the cadmium content of rice during the milling process]. | milled rice and bran were prepared from brown rice (oryza sativa japonica) using a commercial scale rice-mill to investigate the changes in cadmium (cd) content caused by the milling process. rice sample solution was prepared by microwave digestion using hno3 and hf, then analyzed by icp-ms. cd was measured at m/z 114 in interference correction with moo and sn. the digestion method was validated with 4 kinds of certified reference material of "rice flour". we found that the cd content was reduce ... | 2003 | 12968468 |
| mapping of qtls associated with cold tolerance during the vegetative stage in rice. | low-temperature stress is an important factor affecting the growth and development of rice (oryza sativa l.) in temperate and high-elevation areas. cold stress may cause various seedling injuries, delayed heading and yield reduction due to spikelet sterility. in this study, 181 microsatellite marker loci were used to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) associated with cold tolerance at the vegetative stage in 191 recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from a cross of a cold-tolerant tempera ... | 2003 | 12966040 |
| splicing-site recognition of rice (oryza sativa l.) dna sequences by support vector machines. | it was found that high accuracy splicing-site recognition of rice (oryza sativa l.) dna sequence is especially difficult. we described a new method for the splicing-site recognition of rice dna sequences. | 2015 | 12958717 |
| enhanced pesticide sorption by soils containing particulate matter from crop residue burns. | lack of proper techniques to isolate black carbon (bc) from soils has hindered the understanding of their roles in the sorption and environmental fate of organic contaminants in soils and sediments. the burning of crop residues may be the primary source of bc in agricultural soils. in this study, wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rice (oryza sativa l.) residues were burned, and the resulting particulate matter (ashes) along with a soil were used to sorb diuron from water. calculations indicated t ... | 2003 | 12953876 |
| [detection and analysis of qtl for seed dormancy in rice (oryza sativa l.) using ril and cssl population]. | a recombinant inbred line (ril) population and two chromosome segment substitution line (cssl) population derived from the cross of asominori (japonica) and ir24 (indica) were used to detect qtl controlling seed dormancy. cssl1 were a series of ir24 chromosome segment substitution lines in asominori background, and cssl2 were a series of introgression lines of asominori in the background of ir24. three qtl were detected on chromosome 3, 6 and 9 in ril population, and individual qtl accounted for ... | 2003 | 12924160 |
| [rice allelopathy to barnyardgrass]. | 138 rice (oryza sativa) germplasms were identified to study the allelopathy to barnyardgrass (echinochloa crusgalli), using the relay seeding technique. the results showed that qingkun 2 from jiangxi province, xiayitiao from jiangsu province, jizaoxian from anhui province, ganzaoxian 37 from jiangxi province, shangnuo 1, ir68465-2-3-2 from irri, and shuiyuan 2 from korea had a strongly excellent inhibition effect on barnyardgrass. results from pot culture showed that gumei 2 and zhong 156 had a ... | 2003 | 12924130 |