| virulence of clostridium perfringens in an experimental model of poultry necrotic enteritis. | poultry necrotic enteritis (ne) has, over recent decades, been prevented and treated by addition of antimicrobials to poultry feed. recent bans of antimicrobial growth promoters in feed, as well as other factors, have led to a slow, worldwide re-emergence of ne. understanding of pathogenesis of ne has been hampered by lack of a consistent and effective experimental model in which virulence of strains can be reliably evaluated, with an endpoint yielding lesions comparable to those seen in acute n ... | 2010 | 19931323 |
| slec is essential for germination of clostridium difficile spores in nutrient-rich medium supplemented with the bile salt taurocholate. | clostridium difficile is the major cause of infectious diarrhea and a major burden to health care services. the ability of this organism to form endospores plays a pivotal role in infection and disease transmission. spores are highly resistant to many forms of disinfection and thus are able to persist on hospital surfaces and disseminate infection. in order to cause disease, the spores must germinate and the organism must grow vegetatively. spore germination in bacillus is well understood, and g ... | 2010 | 19933358 |
| spontaneous intrahepatic gas gangrene and fatal septic shock. | gas gangrene of the liver is a rare clinical syndrome associated with a high rate of mortality. it is mostly associated with malignancy and immunosuppression. we report on a male patient who presented at the department of emergency medicine with high fever but no localised complaints. ct scan revealed a cavitary lesion filled with air in the liver. clostridium perfringens was proved to be present in the hepatic lesion and the blood, and clostridium perfringens sepsis with gas gangrene of the liv ... | 2009 | 19943601 |
| in silico analysis of the potential infection mechanisms of magnaporthe grisea from horizontal gene transfer hypothesis. | horizontal gene transfer (hgt) has long been considered as a principal force for an organism to gain novel genes in genome evolution. homology search, phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide composition analysis are three major objective approaches to arguably determine the occurrence and directionality of hgt. here, 21 genes that possess the potential to horizontal transfer were acquired from the whole genome of magnaporthe grisea according to annotation, among which three candidate genes (corresp ... | 2009 | 19944380 |
| clostridium perfringens in retail chicken. | clostridium perfringens isolates were recovered by enrichment from retail grocery chicken samples (n = 88) in ontario, canada, with one sample per site. the gene associated with necrotic enteritis in chickens, netb, was found in 21% of the isolates. the tpel gene was found in 2% and the cpb2 gene in 68% (95% "atypical" genes) of isolates. this study suggests that netb-positive c. perfringens can reach people through retail chicken. | 2010 | 19961943 |
| presence of pathogens and indicator microbes at a non-point source subtropical recreational marine beach. | swimming in ocean water, including ocean water at beaches not impacted by known point sources of pollution, is an increasing health concern. this study was an initial evaluation of the presence of indicator microbes and pathogens and the association among the indicator microbes, pathogens, and environmental conditions at a subtropical, recreational marine beach in south florida impacted by non-point sources of pollution. twelve water and eight sand samples were collected during four sampling eve ... | 2010 | 19966020 |
| etfa catalyses the formation of dipicolinic acid in clostridium perfringens. | dipicolinic acid (dpa) is a major component of bacterial endospores, comprising 5-15% of the spore dry weight, and is important for spore stability and resistance properties. the biosynthetic precursor to dpa, dihydro-dipicolinic acid (dhdpa), is produced by dhdpa synthase within the lysine biosynthesis pathway. in bacillus subtilis, and most other bacilli and clostridia, dhdpa is oxidized to dpa by the products of the spovf operon. analysis of the genomes of the clostridia in cluster i, includi ... | 2010 | 19968785 |
| a live oral recombinant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine expressing clostridium perfringens antigens confers protection against necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. | necrotic enteritis (ne) in broiler chickens is caused by clostridium perfringens, and there is currently no effective vaccine for ne. we previously showed that in broiler chickens protection against ne can be achieved through intramuscular immunization with alpha toxin (at) and hypothetical protein (hp), and we subsequently identified b-cell epitopes in hp. in the present study, we identified b-cell epitopes in at recognized by chickens immune to ne. the gene fragments encoding immunodominant ep ... | 2010 | 20007363 |
| effect of dietary protein concentrates on the incidence of subclinical necrotic enteritis and growth performance of broiler chickens. | an experiment was conducted to quantify the effects of 3 nutritionally complete (similar protein and energy) corn-based diets that contained different dietary protein concentrates (potato-cp 76%, fish-cp 66%, or a mixture of soy proteins, soybean meal-cp 48%, and full-fat soy-cp 36%) on the incidence of spontaneously occurring subclinical necrotic enteritis (ne) in broiler chickens. a total of 1,260 birds were placed into 18 solid floor pens (70 birds per pen) and fed 1 of the 3 experimental die ... | 2010 | 20008800 |
| comparison of the presence and partitioning behavior of indicator organisms and salmonella spp. in an urban watershed. | the appropriateness of indicator organisms as surrogates for human pathogens in water quality modeling is dependent on similarities in both presence and transport behavior; however, very little data relating indicator and bacterial pathogen transport behavior in receiving waters is available. in this study observations of presence, partitioning behavior (i.e. association with settleable particles) and removal by upland detention basins were used to assess the suitability of six indicator organis ... | 2010 | 20009247 |
| expanding the family of collagen proteins: recombinant bacterial collagens of varying composition form triple-helices of similar stability. | the presence of the (gly-xaa-yaa)(n) open reading frames in different bacteria predicts the existence of an expanded family of collagen-like proteins. to further explore the triple-helix motif and stabilization mechanisms in the absence of hydroxyproline (hyp), predicted novel collagen-like proteins from gram-positive and -negative bacteria were expressed in escherichia coli and characterized. soluble proteins capable of successful folding and in vitro refolding were observed for collagen protei ... | 2010 | 20025291 |
| screening-based discovery of drug-like o-glcnacase inhibitor scaffolds. | o-glcnacylation is an essential posttranslational modification in metazoa. modulation of o-glcnac levels with small molecule inhibitors of o-glcnac hydrolase (oga) is a useful strategy to probe the role of this modification in a range of cellular processes. here we report the discovery of novel, low molecular weight and drug-like o-glcnacase inhibitor scaffolds by high-throughput screening. kinetic and x-ray crystallographic analyses of the binding modes with human/bacterial o-glcnacases identif ... | 2010 | 20026047 |
| preliminary report on anaerobic culture at mymensingh medical college hospital in bangladesh. | puerperal sepsis is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. this study was undertaken to isolate and identify the anaerobic bacterial agents of puerperal sepsis among the patients admitted in mymensingh medical college hospital (mmch) during the period from july 2006 to june 2007. endocervical swabs/secretions were collected from 50 cases of puerperal sepsis and were cultured anaerobically. anaerobiasis was done by using gas pack (bd gas pak tm ez) in anae ... | 2010 | 20046165 |
| bacteriological characterization of wastewater samples obtained from a primary treatment system on a small scale swine farm. | this study was carried out in order to quantify enteric bacteria and identify the presence of salmonella spp., escherichiacoli, clostridiumperfringens and erysipelothixrhusiopathiae in the liquid fraction of excreta generated from a small scale swine farm by means of a primary treatment system, consisting of the separation of solids and the sedimentation of liquids. samples were collected at the following stages of the treatment: collection basin (cb), liquid obtained from a solids separator (sl ... | 2010 | 20053557 |
| genetic diversity and prevalence of netb in clostridium perfringens isolated from a broiler flock affected by mild necrotic enteritis. | this study was undertaken to examine the genetic diversity of clostridium perfringens isolated from a single broiler flock reared without in-feed antimicrobials (antibacterial growth promoters and anticoccidials) and affected by mild necrotic enteritis (ne). we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) to investigate the genetic diversity of c. perfringens isolates from broilers of varying disease status, and from litter. the prevalence of the toxin gene netb was also investigated. altogether ... | 2010 | 20056357 |
| beta2-toxin of clostridium perfringens in a hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas) with enteritis. | an 11-yr-old female hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas) that died with a history of diarrhea and anorexia was submitted for necropsy. major pathologic changes were restricted to the gastrointestinal tract. the small intestinal contents were watery and sanguinous, with a deepening of the red color in the large intestines. the intestinal mucosa was hyperemic. microscopically, lesions consisted of surface epithelial cell necrosis in association with numerous rod-shaped bacteria and high numbers of t ... | 2009 | 20063832 |
| resistance to linezolid in a porcine clostridium perfringens strain carrying a mutation in the rpld gene encoding the ribosomal protein l4. | coresistance to human reserve antibiotics can be selected by antibiotics used in veterinary medicine. a clostridium perfringens strain isolated from pig manure was resistant to the reserve drug linezolid and, simultaneously, resistant against florfenicol and erythromycin. we detected a new mutation in a highly conserved region of rpld, encoding protein l4 of the 50s ribosomal subunit. this is the first genetic substantiation of linezolid resistance in the genus clostridium. | 2010 | 20065060 |
| [toxins of clostridium perfringens]. | clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic gram-positive spore-forming bacillus. it is one of the pathogens with larger distribution in the environment; it can be isolated from soil and water samples, which also belongs to the intestinal flora of animals and humans. however, on some occasions it can act as an opportunistic pathogen, causing diseases such as gas gangrene, enterotoxemia in sheep and goats and lamb dysentery, among others. in human beings, it is associated to diseases such as food poi ... | 2009 | 20085190 |
| in vitro production of necrotic enteritis toxin b, netb, by netb-positive and netb-negative clostridium perfringens originating from healthy and diseased broiler chickens. | the clostridium perfringens necrotic enteritis toxin b, netb, was recently proposed as a new key virulence factor for the development of necrotic enteritis (ne) in broilers. the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of the netb gene and the in vitro production of the netb toxin in a well characterized collection of 48 c. perfringens type a isolates, obtained from danish broiler flocks. the investigation revealed netb gene prevalences of approx. 50% and 60% among isolates from ... | 2010 | 20092968 |
| a claudin-4 modulator enhances the mucosal absorption of a biologically active peptide. | biologics, such as peptides, proteins and nucleic acids, are emerging pharmaceuticals. passage across the epithelium is the first step in the absorption of biologics. tight junctions (tj) function as seals between adjacent epithelial cells, preventing free movement of solutes across the epithelium. we previously found that modulation of a key tj component, claudin-4, is a potent method to enhance jejunal absorption when we used dextran as a model drug and the c-terminal fragment of clostridium p ... | 2010 | 20096266 |
| desialylation of insulin receptors and igf-1 receptors by neuraminidase-1 controls the net proliferative response of l6 myoblasts to insulin. | we recently established that the subunit of cell surface-residing elastin receptor, neuraminidase-1 (neu1), can desialylate adjacent insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (igf-1r) of arterial smooth muscle cells, thereby quenching their proliferative response to insulin-like growth factor ii. in this study, we explored whether neu1 would also desialylate the insulin receptors (ir), as well as the igf-1r on rat skeletal l6 myoblasts, and whether desialylation of ir and igf-1r would affect a net ... | 2010 | 20100694 |
| human enteric viruses in groundwater indicate offshore transport of human sewage to coral reefs of the upper florida keys. | to address the issue of human sewage reaching corals along the main reef of the florida keys, samples were collected from surface water, groundwater and coral [surface mucopolysaccharide layers (sml)] along a 10 km transect near key largo, fl. samples were collected semi-annually between july 2003 and september 2005 and processed for faecal indicator bacteria (faecal coliform bacteria, enterococci and clostridium perfringens) and human-specific enteric viruses (enterovirus rna and adenovirus dna ... | 2010 | 20105219 |
| release of glycoprotein (gp1) from the tegumental surface of taenia solium by phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens suggests a novel protein-anchor to membranes. | in order to explore how molecules are linked to the membrane surface in larval taenia solium, whole cysticerci were incubated in the presence of phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens (plc). released material was collected and analyzed in polyacrylamide gels with sodium dodecyl sulfate. two major bands with apparent molecular weights of 180 and 43 kda were observed. western blot of released material and localization assays in cysticerci tissue sections using antibodies against five known s ... | 2010 | 20130782 |
| presence of zoonotic pathogens in physico-chemically characterized manures from hog finishing houses using different production systems. | hog production has been intensified in eastern canada, by 50% over the last 20years. wastes are now managed with conventional production systems (slatted floor), litter systems or source separation systems. we studied the presence of total and fecal coliforms, campylobacter, clostridium perfringens, enterococcus, escherichia coli, salmonella, yersinia enterocolitica, giardia and cryptosporidium in the manure of all of these production systems. the concentrations of the studied zoonotic pathogens ... | 2010 | 20133124 |
| the intestine and rheumatism. | arthritis following certain salmonella infections, dysentery, and nonspecific enterocolitis exemplifies the fact that intestinal infections can elicit rheumatic reactions. recent observations indicate that in the last mentioned group specific microbes, such as clostridium perfringens and yersinia enterocolitica, may be involved. references are made to the findings of an abnormal intestinal flora, notably c. perfringens, in patients with chronic arthritis and of circulating and cell-bound antibod ... | 1987 | 20144107 |
| only two amino acids are essential for cytolytic toxin recognition of cholesterol at the membrane surface. | the recognition and binding of cholesterol is an important feature of many eukaryotic, viral, and prokaryotic proteins, but the molecular details of such interactions are understood only for a few proteins. the pore-forming cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs) contribute to the pathogenic mechanisms of a large number of gram-positive bacteria. cholesterol dependence of the cdc mechanism is a hallmark of these toxins, yet the identity of the cdc cholesterol recognition motif has remained elusi ... | 2010 | 20145114 |
| noncollagenous region of the streptococcal collagen-like protein is a trimerization domain that supports refolding of adjacent homologous and heterologous collagenous domains. | proper folding of the (gly-xaa-yaa)(n) sequence of animal collagens requires adjacent n- or c-terminal noncollagenous trimerization domains which often contain coiled-coil or beta sheet structure. collagen-like proteins have been found recently in a number of bacteria, but little is known about their folding mechanism. the scl2 collagen-like protein from streptococcus pyogenes has an n-terminal globular domain, designated v(sp), adjacent to its triple-helix domain. the v(sp) domain is required f ... | 2010 | 20162611 |
| induction of siv p27-specific multifunctional t cells in the gut following prime-boost immunization with clostridium perfringens and adenovirus vaccines expressing siv p27. | a vaccine-induced cellular immune response to simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) in the gut mucosal tissue may prevent the establishment or severity of new siv infection. an oral clostridium perfringens expressing siv p27 (cp-p27) vaccine that delivers siv p27 to the gut was evaluated for its ability to prime multifunctional cellular immunity in the gut mucosa. gut peyer's patches dendritic cells matured in response to in vitro exposure to cp-p27 and stimulated production of p27-specific ifn-ga ... | 2010 | 20163344 |
| validation of a numerical indicator of microbial contamination for karst springs. | rapid changes in spring water quality in karst areas due to rapid recharge of bacterially contaminated water are a major concern for drinking water suppliers and users. the main objective of this study was to use field experiments with fecal indicators to verify the vulnerability of a karst spring to pathogens, as determined by using a numerical modeling approach. the groundwater modeling was based on linear storage models that can be used to simulate karst water flow. the vulnerability of the k ... | 2011 | 20180864 |
| comparative genomics of virr regulons in clostridium perfringens strains. | clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium causing severe diseases such as gas gangrene and pseudomembranosus colitis, that are generally due to the secretion of powerful extracellular toxins. the expression of toxin genes is mainly regulated by virr, the response regulator of a two-component system. up to now few targets only are known for this regulator and mainly in one strain (strain 13). due to the high genomic and phenotypic variability in toxin production by different ... | 2010 | 20184757 |
| prebiotic effect of fruit and vegetable shots containing jerusalem artichoke inulin: a human intervention study. | the present study aimed to determine the prebiotic effect of fruit and vegetable shots containing inulin derived from jerusalem artichoke (ja). a three-arm parallel, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was carried out with sixty-six healthy human volunteers (thirty-three men and thirty-three women, age range: 18-50 years). subjects were randomised into three groups (n 22) assigned to consume either the test shots, pear-carrot-sea buckthorn (pcs) or plum-pear-beetroot (ppb), containing ja inul ... | 2010 | 20187995 |
| characterization of acp, a peptidoglycan hydrolase of clostridium perfringens with n-acetylglucosaminidase activity that is implicated in cell separation and stress-induced autolysis. | this work reports the characterization of the first known peptidoglycan hydrolase (acp) produced mainly during vegetative growth of clostridium perfringens. acp has a modular structure with three domains: a signal peptide domain, an n-terminal domain with repeated sequences, and a c-terminal catalytic domain. the purified recombinant catalytic domain of acp displayed lytic activity on the cell walls of several gram-positive bacterial species. its hydrolytic specificity was established by analyzi ... | 2010 | 20190047 |
| virulence for chickens of clostridium perfringens isolated from poultry and other sources. | clostridium perfringens type a is the most common cause of poultry necrotic enteritis (ne). of the four "major" toxins, type a strains produce only alpha toxin (cpa), which has long been considered a major factor in pathogenesis of ne. we investigated the virulence for poultry of type a strains from a variety of enteric sources. newly-hatched cornishxrock chicks were fed a low protein diet for one week, a high protein diet for a second week, and then challenged with log-phase cultures of c. perf ... | 2010 | 20193771 |
| detection of clostridium perfringens in yearling lamb meat (barbacoa), head, and gut tacos from public markets in mexico city. | no reports on the incidence of clostridium perfringens in popularly-consumed food from mexico city have been published; neither are there any reports that have analyzed food consumed in popular markets and less established restaurants. therefore, this study is aimed at providing data to evaluate the relevance of c. perfringens as an etiologic agent of food-borne diseases. of the 650 analyzed samples, 106 (16.3%) were positive for c. perfringens; 6.4% (16/250) isolates were from barbacoa, 19% (38 ... | 2010 | 20198526 |
| molecular cloning and expression of epsilon toxin from clostridium perfringens type d and tests of animal immunization. | epsilon toxin produced by clostridium perfringens types b and d causes enterotoxemia in sheep, goats and calves. enterotoxemia can cause acute or superacute disease, with sudden death of the affected animal. it provokes huge economic losses when large numbers of livestock are affected. therapeutic intervention is challenging, because the disease progresses very rapidly. however, it can be prevented by immunization with specific immunogenic vaccines. we cloned the etx gene, encoding epsilon toxin ... | 2010 | 20198582 |
| inhibition of clostridium perfringens spore germination and outgrowth by buffered vinegar and lemon juice concentrate during chilling of ground turkey roast containing minimal ingredients. | inhibition of clostridium perfringens spore germination and outgrowth in ground turkey roast containing minimal ingredients (salt and sugar), by buffered vinegar (mostatin v) and a blend (buffered) of lemon juice concentrate and vinegar (mostatin lv) was evaluated. ground turkey roast was formulated to contain sea salt (1.5%), turbinado sugar (0.5%), and various concentrations of mostatin v (0.75, 1.25, or 2.5%) or mostatin lv (1.5, 2.5, or 3.5%), along with a control (without mostatins). the pr ... | 2010 | 20202331 |
| claudin expression profiles in epstein-barr virus-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | claudins are a family of proteins that are structural and functional components of tight junctions and have crucial roles in the maintenance of cellular arrangement, adhesion and paracellular transport. recent studies have shown that changes and/or loss of claudin expression plays an important role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, and altered expression of claudins has been reported in various human carcinomas. non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) is a common epstein-barr virus ... | 2010 | 20204275 |
| prevalence and diversity of toxigenic clostridium perfringens and clostridium difficile among swine herds in the midwest. | clostridium perfringens and clostridium difficile are associated with scours in the neonatal piglet and are an economic concern in swine production. the objective of this study was to characterize the prevalence and diversity of c. perfringens and c. difficile isolates obtained from scouring neonatal piglets in a large integrated production system, as well as in smaller independently owned regional farms. rectal swabs were collected from 333 pigs at 11 sites in an integrated swine production sys ... | 2010 | 20208029 |
| the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin family of gram-positive bacterial toxins. | the cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs) are a family of beta-barrel pore-forming toxins secreted by gram-positive bacteria. these toxins are produced as water-soluble monomeric proteins that after binding to the target cell oligomerize on the membrane surface forming a ring-like pre-pore complex, and finally insert a large beta-barrel into the membrane (about 250 a in diameter). formation of such a large transmembrane structure requires multiple and coordinated conformational changes. the pr ... | 2010 | 20213558 |
| cholesterol-binding toxins and anti-cholesterol antibodies as structural probes for cholesterol localization. | cholesterol is one of the major constituents of mammalian cell membranes. it plays an indispensable role in regulating the structure and function of cell membranes and affects the pathology of various diseases. in recent decades much attention has been paid to the existence of membrane microdomains, generally termed lipid "rafts", and cholesterol, along with sphingolipids, is thought to play a critical role in raft structural organization and function. cholesterol-binding probes are likely to pr ... | 2010 | 20213560 |
| hemolysis induced by bacillus cereus sphingomyelinase. | bacillus cereus sphingomyelinase (bc-smase) induces hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes which contain large amounts of sphingomyelin. we investigated the mechanism of this hemolysis in comparison to that induced by clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin. pertussis toxin, a gi-specific inhibitor, n-oleoylethernolamine, a ceramidase inhibitor, and dihydrosphingosine, a sphingosine kinase inhibitor, did not inhibit the hemolysis by bc-smase, but did inhibit that by alpha-toxin. bc-smase broadly bound to w ... | 2010 | 20214877 |
| transcriptional regulation of hemo encoding heme oxygenase in clostridium perfringens. | a gram-positive anaerobic pathogen, clostridium perfringens, causes clostridial myonecrosis or gas gangrene in humans by producing numerous extracellular toxins and enzymes that act in concert to degrade host tissues. the ability of infectious bacteria to acquire sufficient iron during infection is essential for the pathogen to cause disease. in the c. perfringens strain 13 genome, a heme oxygenase gene homologue (cpe0214, hemo) was found and its role was examined. the purified recombinant hemo ... | 2010 | 20221736 |
| mucosal flora in crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis - an overview. | the intestinal flora harbors varies pathogens. clostridium perfringens (gas gangrene), enterococci (endocarditis), enterobacteriaceae (sepsis), bacteroides (abscesses) are present in the large intestine of every healthy person in high concentrations. these bacteria are, however, separated from the colonic wall by an impenetrable mucus layer and are tolerated by the host. this separation is disturbed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), where bacteria adhere to the mucosa and invade ... | 2009 | 20224153 |
| in vitro antagonistic activities of animal intestinal strains against swine-associated pathogens. | a wide range of enteropathogens cause costly diarrhoeal diseases in fattening piglets and account for food-related infections in humans. the objective of this study was to screen beneficial bacterial strains from the gastrointestinal tract of various animal sources for antagonistic activity against diverse pathogens associated with hazardous pig production times. using agar spot assays, 15 well-characterized strains belonging to lactobacillus, enterococcus, bifidobacterium and bacillus were stud ... | 2010 | 20226602 |
| claudin-4-targeting of diphtheria toxin fragment a using a c-terminal fragment of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | claudin (cl)-4, a tight junction protein, is overexpressed in some human neoplasias, including ovarian, breast, pancreatic and prostate cancers. the targeting of cl-4 is a novel strategy for tumor therapy. we previously found that the c-terminal fragment of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (c-cpe) binds to cl-4. in the present study, we genetically prepared a novel cl-4-targeting molecule (dta-c-cpe) by fusion of c-cpe and diphtheria toxin fragment a (dta). although dta is not toxic to cl-4-e ... | 2010 | 20226859 |
| removal of human enteric viruses and indicator microorganisms from domestic wastewater by aerated lagoons. | aerated lagoons offer a low-cost and simple approach to treating domestic wastewater in small municipalities. the objective of the current study was to evaluate, for each cell in the lagoons, the removal of indicator microorganisms and human enteric viruses under warm (summer) and cold (early spring) conditions. the two sites are located in southwest quebec, canada. samples were assayed for thermotolerant coliforms, enterococci, clostridium perfringens, somatic and male-specific coliphages, and ... | 2010 | 20237581 |
| uva-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in dna: a direct photochemical mechanism? | the carcinogenic action of uva radiation is commonly attributed to dna oxidation mediated by endogenous photosensitisers. yet, it was recently shown that cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (cpd), well known for their involvement in uvb genotoxicity, are produced in larger yield than oxidative lesions in uva-irradiated cells and skin. in the present work, we gathered mechanistic information on this photoreaction by comparing formation of all possible bipyrimidine photoproducts upon uva irradiation of ... | 2010 | 20237685 |
| some properties of a mucopolysaccharide isolated from a strain of clostridium perfringens. | | 1947 | 20260791 |
| studies on the dehydrogenases of clostridium perfringens. | | 1947 | 20292347 |
| crystal structures of the cbs and drtgg domains of the regulatory region of clostridiumperfringens pyrophosphatase complexed with the inhibitor, amp, and activator, diadenosine tetraphosphate. | nucleotide-binding cystathionine beta-synthase (cbs) domains serve as regulatory units in numerous proteins distributed in all kingdoms of life. however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain to be established. recently, we described a subfamily of cbs domain-containing pyrophosphatases (ppases) within family ii ppases. here, we express a novel cbs-ppase from clostridium perfringens (cpe2055) and show that the enzyme is inhibited by amp and activated by a novel effector, diadenosine 5',5-p ... | 2010 | 20303981 |
| effect of apple intake on fecal microbiota and metabolites in humans. | the effects of apple intake on the fecal flora, water content, ph, and metabolic activities in eight healthy volunteers and the utilization of apple pectin in vitro were investigated. although several isolates of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, enterococcus, and the bacteroides fragilis group utilized apple pectin, most isolates of escherichia coli, collinsela aerofaciense, eubacterium limosum, and clostridium perfringens could not. when fecal samples from healthy adults were incubated in liquid ... | 2010 | 20304079 |
| succession of the bacterial community and dynamics of hydrogen producers in a hydrogen-producing bioreactor. | variation in the hydrogen production rate was consistent with the succession of dominant bacteria during the batch fermentation process. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) of 16s rrna genes and quantitative analysis of the hyda genes at both the dna and mrna levels confirmed that clostridium perfringens was the most dominant hydrogen producer in the bioreactor. | 2010 | 20305018 |
| types of infectious outbreaks and their impact in elderly care facilities: a review of the literature. | infectious outbreaks in long-term care facilities (ltcfs) tend to have a significant impact on infection rates and mortality rates of the residents. | 2010 | 20332371 |
| fatal plasmodium falciparum, clostridium perfringens, and candida spp. coinfections in a traveler to haiti. | malaria is one of the most common causes of febrile illness in travelers. coinfections with bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens may not be suspected unless a patient fails to respond to malaria treatment. using novel immunohistochemical and molecular techniques, plasmodium falciparum, clostridium perfringens, and candida spp. coinfections were confirmed in a german traveler to haiti. plasmodium falciparum-induced ischemia may have increased this patient's susceptibility to c. perfringens and ... | 2009 | 20339463 |
| prenylated pterocarpans as bacterial neuraminidase inhibitors. | during the course of a neuraminidase inhibitor screening program on natural products, four new (6, 8, 11, and 12) and eleven known (1-5, 7, 9-10, and 13-15) pterocarpan derivatives were isolated as active principles from the etoac extract of the stem bark of erythrina abyssinica. their structures were identified by spectroscopic data analyses. all isolates exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the neuraminidases from clostridium perfringens and vibrio cholerae with ic(50) values ranging fr ... | 2010 | 20363636 |
| antibacterial effect of the bioactive compound beauvericin produced by fusarium proliferatum on solid medium of wheat. | to obtain the bioactive compound beauvericin (bea), fusarium proliferatum cect 20569 was grown on a solid medium of wheat, utilizing the technique of the solid state fermentation (ssf), being this mycotoxin purified by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) with a reverse phase semi-preparative column using as the mobile phase acetonitrile/water in gradient condition. the purity of the bea was verified by analytical hplc and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (lc/ms-ms). the p ... | 2010 | 20371252 |
| sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria are indicators of very recent human faecal pollution in streams and groundwater habitats in urban tropical lowlands. | sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria (sfb) proved to be an excellent indicator of very recent human faecal pollution (hours to days) in the investigated tropical stream and groundwater habitats. sfb were recovered from human faeces and sources potentially contaminated with human excreta. sfb were undetectable in animal faeces and environmental samples not contaminated with human faeces. microcosm studies demonstrated a rapid die-off rate in groundwater (t90 value 0.6 days) and stream water (t90 va ... | 2010 | 20375476 |
| fibronectin-binding proteins of clostridium perfringens recognize the iii1-c fragment of fibronectin. | the clostridium perfringens strain 13 genome contains two genes (fbpa, fbpb) that encode putative fbp. both rfbpa and rfbpb were purified and their reactivity with human serum fn was analyzed. to determine the region of the fn molecule recognized by rfbp, a plate binding assay using n-terminal 70-kda peptide, iii1-c peptide, and 110-kda peptide containing iii2-10 of fn was performed. both rfbp bound to the iii1-c peptide of fn but not to the other peptides. however, the iii1-c fragment of fn is ... | 2010 | 20377750 |
| enzootic outbreak of necrotic gastritis associated with clostridium perfringens in broiler chickens. | clinical morphological investigations were carried out in a flock of 22,000 ross 308 broiler chickens at the age of 38 days that experienced a sudden increase in mortality rates. morbidity and mortality rates were followed and gross anatomical examination of 150 bodies (7%) of all 1541 dead chickens was performed. in all necropsied birds, without exception, the typical macroscopic lesions were observed only in the gizzard. focal or diffuse pseudomembranous deposits were found subcuticularly and ... | 2010 | 20390530 |
| exogenous lysozyme influences clostridium perfringens colonization and intestinal barrier function in broiler chickens. | necrotic enteritis is a worldwide poultry disease caused by the overgrowth of clostridium perfringens in the small intestine. an experiment with a 2x2 factorial design (supplementation with or without 40 mg lysozyme/kg diet for chickens challenged with or without c. perfringens) was conducted to investigate the inhibitory efficacy of exogenous lysozyme against intestinal colonization by c. perfringens in chickens subject to oral inoculation of c. perfringens type a on days 17 to 20. the c. perfr ... | 2010 | 20390532 |
| the effect of commonly used anticoccidials and antibiotics in a subclinical necrotic enteritis model. | necrotic enteritis poses an important health risk to broilers. the ionophore anticoccidials lasalocid, salinomycin, maduramicin, narasin and a combination of narasin and nicarbazin were tested in feed for their prophylactic effect on the incidence of necrotic enteritis in a subclinical experimental infection model that uses coccidia as a predisposing factor. in addition, drinking water medication with the antibiotics amoxicillin, tylosin and lincomycin was evaluated as curative treatment in the ... | 2010 | 20390538 |
| control of clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis in broilers by target-released butyric acid, fatty acids and essential oils. | the efficacy of target-released butyric acid, medium-chain fatty acids (c(6) to c(12) but mainly lauric acid) and essential oils (thymol, cinnamaldehyde, essential oil of eucalyptus) micro-encapsulated in a poly-sugar matrix to control necrotic enteritis was investigated. the minimal inhibitory concentrations of the different additives were determined in vitro, showing that lauric acid, thymol, and cinnamaldehyde are very effective in inhibiting the growth of clostridium perfringens. the in vivo ... | 2010 | 20390546 |
| toxin genotyping of clostridium perfringens strains using a polymerase chain reaction protocol. | a polymerase chain reaction protocol consisting of a multiplex to identify the cpa, cpb1, cpetx, cpi genes and a duplex to identify the cpe and cpb2 genes encoding for alpha, beta1, epsilon, eta, enterotoxin and beta2 toxins, respectively, was applied to dna extracted from two collections of clostridium perfringens strains. the first collection involved 19 isolates from rabbits. the second collection of 41 isolates came from routine necropsies. the cpa gene alone, or in association with the cpb2 ... | 2010 | 20391372 |
| mucosal vaccination using claudin-4-targeting. | mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) plays pivotal roles in mucosal immune responses. efficient delivery of antigens to malt is a critical issue for the development of mucosal vaccines. although claudin-4 is preferentially expressed in malt in the gut, a claudin-4-targeting approach for mucosal vaccination has never been developed. in the present study, we found that claudin-4 is expressed in nasal malt, and we prepared a fusion protein of ovalbumin (ova) as a model antigen with a claudin-4- ... | 2010 | 20398936 |
| quantitative real-time pcr assay for clostridium septicum in poultry gangrenous dermatitis associated samples. | clostridium septicum is a spore-forming anaerobe frequently implicated in cases of gangrenous dermatitis (gd) and other spontaneously occurring myonecrotic infections of poultry. although c. septicum is readily cultured from diseased tissues it can be difficult to enumerate due to its tendency to swarm over the surface of agar plates. in this study a quantitative real-time pcr assay was developed in order to more accurately measure the levels of c. septicum in healthy as well as gd associated po ... | 2010 | 20399850 |
| rapid cytopathic effects of clostridium perfringens beta-toxin on porcine endothelial cells. | clostridium perfringens type c isolates cause fatal, segmental necro-hemorrhagic enteritis in animals and humans. typically, acute intestinal lesions result from extensive mucosal necrosis and hemorrhage in the proximal jejunum. these lesions are frequently accompanied by microvascular thrombosis in affected intestinal segments. in previous studies we demonstrated that there is endothelial localization of c. perfringens type c beta-toxin (cpb) in acute lesions of necrotizing enteritis. this led ... | 2010 | 20404076 |
| bacteriophage therapy for control of necrotic enteritis of broiler chickens experimentally infected with clostridium perfringens. | several lytic bacteriophages effective at destroying a genetically diverse population of clostridium perfringens were isolated from the environment, extensively characterized, and used to formulate a multivalent bacteriophage cocktail designated -401." two in vivo studies were conducted to determine the cocktail's efficacy in controlling necrotic enteritis (ne) caused by c. perfringens. the first study investigated the efficacy of int-401 and a bacteriophage-derived, toxoid-type vaccine in contr ... | 2010 | 20408396 |
| preliminary study on the efficacy and safety of eight individual and blended disinfectants against poultry and dairy indicator organisms. | eight individual and blended chemical disinfectants were screened for preliminary evaluation of safety, bactericidal and virucidal effectiveness against poultry and dairy organisms. the test organisms were escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus spp. and clostridium perfringens, in addition to avian influenza virus (aiv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv). viable counts of surviving bacteria were determined after 30 min contact with each disinfectant and in ... | 2007 | 20422561 |
| development of a recombinant epsilon toxoid vaccine against enterotoxemia and its use as a combination vaccine with live attenuated sheep pox virus against enterotoxemia and sheep pox. | sheep pox and enterotoxemia are important diseases of sheep, and these diseases cause severe economic losses to sheep farmers. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of formaldehyde-inactivated recombinant epsilon toxin as a vaccine candidate. the potency of the recombinant epsilon toxoid with aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant in sheep was determined. vaccinated sheep were protected against enterotoxemia, with potency values of >5 iu being protective. further, the use of this ... | 2010 | 20427629 |
| quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical molecular dynamics simulation of wild-type and seven mutants of cpnagj in complex with pugnac. | the enzyme o-glycoprotein 2-acetamino-2-deoxy-beta-d-glucopyranosidase (o-glcnacase) is responsible for the removal of n-acetylglucosamine moieties from 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-d-glucopyranose (o-glcnac) residues of serine/threonine residues of modified proteins. we herein present results of hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (qm/mm) molecular dynamics (md) simulations applied to the study of the interactions established between a bacterial clostridium perfringens homologue (cpnagj) a ... | 2010 | 20429600 |
| isolation of a clonal population of clostridium perfringens type a from a belgian blue calf with abomasal ulceration. | a case of abomasal ulceration in a 3-month-old belgian blue calf is described. microscopical examination revealed the ulcers to be demarcated by a band of neutrophilic inflammation that separated underlying healthy tissue from the superficial fibrinous necrotic material in which bacteria were present. clostridium perfringens type a was isolated from multiple ulcers and from the intestinal contents of the animal and pulsed field gel electrophoresis confirmed that the isolates comprised a genetica ... | 2010 | 20430403 |
| clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin inhibits the gastrointestinal transit in mice. | epsilon toxin produced by clostridium perfringens type b and d is a potent toxin that is responsible for a highly fatal enterotoxemia in sheep and goats. in vitro, epsilon toxin produces contraction of the rat ileum as the result of an indirect action, presumably mediated through the autonomic nervous system. to examine the impact of epsilon toxin in the intestinal transit, gastric emptying (ge) and gastrointestinal transit (git) were evaluated after intravenous and oral administration of epsilo ... | 2010 | 20434186 |
| clostridium perfringens and necrotizing enterocolitis. | | 2010 | 20434729 |
| a claudin-targeting molecule as an inhibitor of tumor metastasis. | tumor metastasis of epithelium-derived tumors is the major cause of death from malignant tumors. overexpression of claudin is observed frequently in malignant tumors. however, claudin-targeting antimetastasis therapy has never been investigated. we previously prepared a claudin-4-targeting antitumor molecule that consisted of the c-terminal fragment of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (c-cpe) fused to protein synthesis inhibitory factor (psif) derived from pseudomonas exotoxin. in the present ... | 2010 | 20442222 |
| regulation of neurotoxin production and sporulation by a putative agrbd signaling system in proteolytic clostridium botulinum. | a significant number of genome sequences of clostridium botulinum and related species have now been determined. in silico analysis of these data revealed the presence of two distinct agr loci (agr-1 and agr-2) in all group i strains, each encoding putative proteins with similarity to agrb and agrd of the well-studied staphylococcus aureus agr quorum sensing system. in s. aureus, a small diffusible autoinducing peptide is generated from agrd in a membrane-located processing event that requires ag ... | 2010 | 20453132 |
| the virsr two-component signal transduction system regulates netb toxin production in clostridium perfringens. | clostridium perfringens causes several diseases in domestic livestock, including necrotic enteritis in chickens, which is of concern to the poultry industry due to its health implications and associated economic cost. the novel pore-forming toxin netb is a critical virulence factor in the pathogenesis of this disease. in this study, we have examined the regulation of netb toxin production. in c. perfringens, the quorum sensing-dependent virsr two-component signal transduction system regulates ge ... | 2010 | 20457789 |
| mastitis in dairy buffalo and cattle in egypt due to clostridium perfringens: prevalence, incidence, risk factors and costs. | although clostridium perfringens is recognised as an important cause of clostridial enteric diseases, there is only limited knowledge about the association of particular c. perfringens toxinotypes (types a to e) with mastitis in domestic animals. in this study, mastitis was detected in 213/623 (34.12%) and 8/83 (9.64%) of the quarter milk samples collected from cases of clinical mastitis in cows and buffalo, respectively. the micro-organism was isolated in an incidence of 16/357 (4.48%) of milk ... | 2009 | 20462154 |
| clostridial myonecrosis clinically resembling black quarter in an indian elephant (elephas maximus). | an indian elephant (elephas maximus) which died of acute fatal myonecrosis was examined to determine the aetiology of the infection. the causative organism was identified as clostridium perfringens type a. out of five genes encoding for major toxins (cpa, cpb, etx, ia, and cpe genes) the isolate was found to harbour the cpa gene only, as tested by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. it flanks a 324 base pair segment in the cpa gene, indicating the presence of the alpha toxin gene. the organism ... | 2009 | 20462165 |
| effect of tannins on the in vitro growth of clostridium perfringens. | vegetable tannins are water-soluble polyphenolic compounds of varying molecular weights that occur abundantly in nature. the diet of many free-ranging wild animals contains significant amounts of tannins. also, commercial tannins are used in animal industry as food additives to improve animal performance. in order to further determine the capacity of tannins to inhibit the development of intestinal diseases produced by clostridium pefringens, we evaluated here the effect of tannins from quebrach ... | 2010 | 20471759 |
| web of ecological interactions in an experimental gut microbiota. | the dynamics of all ecosystems are dictated by intrinsic, density-dependent mechanisms and by density-independent environmental forcing. in spite of the importance of the gastrointestinal microbiota in health and disease, the ecology of this system remains largely unknown. here, we take an ecological approach to gut microbial community analysis, with statistical modelling of time series data from chemostats. this approach removes effects of host forcing, allowing us to describe a network of intr ... | 2010 | 20482738 |
| on the disposition of phospholipids in freshly isolated myelin sheath preparations from bovine brain. | the extent of availability of the four major classes of phospholipids in freshly isolated bovine brain myelin has been studied using phospholipase c (clostridium perfringens), phospholipase a (bee venom), sphingomyelase (staphalococcus aureus) and trinitrobenzenesulphonate. the results have been compared with those of a previous study (gwarsha et al., 1984). taken together, the data suggest that 47-67% of the phosphatidylcholine, 45-66% of the ethanolamine-containing phosphoglycerides, 52-55% of ... | 1984 | 20488087 |
| clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin is cytotoxic for human renal tubular epithelial cells. | clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (etx) is responsible for a fatal enterotoxemia in different animal species, producing extensive renal damage, neurological disturbance and edema of lungs, heart and kidneys. however, there is no information about the susceptibility of humans to etx. here, we report that primary cultures of human renal tubular epithelial cells (hrtec) exposed to etx showed a marked swelling with subsequent large blebs surrounding most cells. the incubation of hrtec with etx p ... | 2011 | 20488848 |
| dietary cellulose, fructooligosaccharides, and pectin modify fecal protein catabolites and microbial populations in adult cats. | twelve young adult (1.7 +/- 0.1 yr) male cats were used in a replicated 3 x 3 latin square design to determine the effects of fiber type on nutrient digestibility, fermentative end products, and fecal microbial populations. three diets containing 4% cellulose, fructooligosaccharides (fos), or pectin were evaluated. feces were scored based on the 5-point system: 1 being hard, dry pellets, and 5 being watery liquid that can be poured. no differences were observed (p > 0.100) in intake of dm, om, c ... | 2010 | 20495116 |
| pilot study on the efficacy of paromomycin as a histomonostatic feed additive in turkey poults experimentally infected with histomonas meleagridis. | paromomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with activity against protozoa. currently, paromomycin is registered for food producing animal species. in a pilot study we evaluated the efficacy of different doses of paromomycin in the feed against histomonas meleagridis in experimentally challenged turkey poults. groups consisting of 30 birds each were given feed with 100, 200 and 400 ppm paromomycin, respectively, starting on day 1 through to day 42. one group of 30 birds was left untreated. on da ... | 2010 | 20496863 |
| comparison of alternatives to in-feed antimicrobials for the prevention of clinical necrotic enteritis. | the capacity for lactobacillus johnsonii and an organic acid (oa) blend to prevent clostridium perfringens-induced clinical necrotic enteritis (ne) in chickens was studied. | 2010 | 20497278 |
| effect of phosphate and meat (pork) types on the germination and outgrowth of clostridium perfringens spores during abusive chilling. | the effect of phosphate blends and pork meat type (pale, soft, and exudative [pse]; normal; and dark, firm, and dry [dfd]) on the germination and outgrowth of clostridium perfringens during abusive exponential chilling times was evaluated. two phosphates were used: tetrasodium pyrophosphate (tspp) and sodium acid pyrophosphate (sapp; from two different sources, sapp(1) and sapp(2)). the pork loins representing each meat type were ground (1/8-in. [0.3-cm] plate), and one of the three phosphate bl ... | 2010 | 20501039 |
| effects of exogenous phospholipases on brain membrane phospholipid perturbation, (na(+) + k(+))-atpase activity and cellular swelling of brain slices. | rat brain membranes were incubated with bee venom phospholipase a(2) (pla(2)) or phospholipase c (plc) from clostridium perfringens. pla(2) caused a significant increase in free polyunsaturated fatty acids concomitant with membrane phospholipid degradation as monitored by hplc and by gas chromatography. equal concentrations of plc had a much lesser effect than pla(2). divergent and differential effects were shown on deacylation and incorporation of [(3)h]arachidonic acid in membrane phospholipid ... | 1987 | 20501100 |
| rapid detection of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens in meat samples using immunomagnetic separation polymerase chain reaction (ims-pcr). | rapid detection of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens in meat samples was accomplished with an immunomagnetic separation polymerase chain reaction (ims-pcr). first, a monoclonal antibody (mab) specific to c. perfringens was generated. the antibody showed strong binding to c. perfringens and no binding to non- clostridia bacteria, except a weak cross-reaction to staphylococcus aureus based on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). then, magnetic beads were coated with the mab, and th ... | 2010 | 20507064 |
| effects of age and region on fecal microflora in elderly subjects living in bama, guangxi, china. | intestinal microflora analysis was performed on 52 healthy elderly subjects of different ages and in different regions in bama county, guangxi, china. the participants were assigned to three groups depending on their age and location: longevous (group m; mean age = 98 years; n = 21); rural younger elderly (group s; mean age = 70 years; n = 18); and urban elderly (group c; mean age = 82 years; n = 13). ten groups of bacteria were quantified using real-time pcr. age-related differences were observ ... | 2011 | 20509028 |
| [listeria battles with sumo]. | | 2010 | 20510159 |
| spinal osteomyelitis and epidural empyema in a dog due to migrating conifer material. | | 2010 | 20511654 |
| [massive intravascular hemolysis secondary to sepsis due to clostridium perfringens]. | massive hemolysis secondary to sepsis caused by clostridium perfringens is a rare entity but appears fairly often in the literature. in nearly all published reports, the clinical course is rapid and fatal. we describe the case of a 75-year-old woman with diabetes who was admitted with symptoms consistent with acute cholecystitis. deteriorating hemodynamics and laboratory findings were consistent with intravascular hemolysis, coagulation disorder, and renal failure. gram-positive bacilli of the c ... | 2010 | 20527348 |
| identification and sequence determination of recombinant clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin by use of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. | only a few methods exist for simple, sensitive and rapid detection of alpha-toxin in clinical and biological samples. the aim of our study was to establish a procedure for the production of an antibody against a recombinant antigen with confirmed sequence identity. we applied a noble approach based on proteomics using a mass spectrometer for the conclusive identification of the recombinant alpha-toxin that was subsequently used as an antigen. the recombinant alpha-toxin was produced in escherich ... | 2009 | 20528092 |
| rapidly developing gas gangrene due to a simple puncture wound. | gas gangrene, an infection caused by clostridium perfringens, is a potentially fatal and physically disabling disease due to its sometimes incredibly rapid progression. an adolescent boy was referred to our university hospital with a history of nail puncture in the hand that occurred a few hours previously. the physical examination revealed a swollen and tender arm with crepitations up to the shoulder. gas was coming out from the puncture wound with digital pressure on the forearm. the plain rad ... | 2010 | 20531129 |
| organization of the cpe locus in cpe-positive clostridium perfringens type c and d isolates. | clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (encoded by the cpe gene) contributes to several important human, and possibly veterinary, enteric diseases. the current study investigated whether cpe locus organization in type c or d isolates resembles one of the three (one chromosomal and two plasmid-borne) cpe loci commonly found amongst type a isolates. multiplex pcr assays capable of detecting sequences in those type a cpe loci failed to amplify products from cpe-positive type c and d isolates, indicati ... | 2010 | 20532170 |
| identification of novel pathogenicity loci in clostridium perfringens strains that cause avian necrotic enteritis. | type a clostridium perfringens causes poultry necrotic enteritis (ne), an enteric disease of considerable economic importance, yet can also exist as a member of the normal intestinal microbiota. a recently discovered pore-forming toxin, netb, is associated with pathogenesis in most, but not all, ne isolates. this finding suggested that ne-causing strains may possess other virulence gene(s) not present in commensal type a isolates. we used high-throughput sequencing (hts) technologies to generate ... | 2010 | 20532244 |
| disease producing capability of netb positive isolates of c. perfringens recovered from normal chickens and a cow, and netb positive and negative isolates from chickens with necrotic enteritis. | necrotic enteritis is a serious disease of chickens and turkeys caused by clostridium perfringens. recently, a pore forming toxin of c. perfringens, called netb, was reported and suggested to be critical to the development of necrotic enteritis. to investigate further the importance of netb in the development of necrotic enteritis, toxin production and disease producing ability of (1) netb positive isolates recovered from normal chickens, (2) a netb positive isolate recovered from a cow, (3) net ... | 2010 | 20537820 |
| nucleoside phosphorylases from clostridium perfringens in the synthesis of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine. | four clostridium perfringens phosphorylases were subcloned, overexpressed and analyzed for their substrate specificity. deod(1) and puna could use a variety of purine substrates, including an antiviral drug 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddi). in one-pot synthesis using clostridium phosphorylases, 2',3'-dideoxyuridine and hypoxanthine were converted to ddi at yield of about 30%. | 2010 | 20544534 |
| growth performance, meat quality, and gut microflora of broiler chickens fed with cranberry extract. | cranberry fruit components have been reported to have antimicrobial activities against a variety of pathogenic bacteria and to be beneficial for human health. studies on their effects are very limited in animals and especially in chickens. this study investigated the effect of feed supplementation with a commercial cranberry fruit extract (cfe) on the performance, breast meat quality, and intestinal integrity of broiler chickens. twelve hundred male 1-d-old broiler chicks were allocated randomly ... | 2010 | 20548081 |
| standardized comparison of antiseptic efficacy of triclosan, pvp-iodine, octenidine dihydrochloride, polyhexanide and chlorhexidine digluconate. | this study presents a comparative investigation of the antimicrobial efficacy of the antiseptics pvp-iodine, triclosan, chlorhexidine, octenidine and polyhexanide used for pre-surgical antisepsis and antiseptic treatment of skin, wounds and mucous membranes based on internationally accepted standards. | 2010 | 20551215 |