| horizontal cells of the carp retina: golgi impregnation and procion-yellow injection. | application of two methods for the selective staining of neurons, golgi impregnation and intracellular marking with procion yellow, has revealed the anatomical arrangements of the horizontal cells in the carp retina. there are two basic horizontal-cell types, those with axons and these without. the former can be subdivided into three groups on the basis of the pattern of branching of the dendrites. these three structural groups are also functionally distinct, as shown by the electrical recording ... | 1978 | 83194 |
| synchronized rhythmic discharges of the secondary olfactory neurons in carp. | (1) rhythmic and synchronized multiunit bursts of spike discharges, which were superimposed on the peaks of the oscillatory potentials of 4--10 hz (olfactory tract waves), were induced in the olfactory tract fibers of the carp in response to olfactory stimulation. suppression of the spike discharges was observed during the interburst periods of discharges. (2) single-unit analysis revealed three types of discharge patterns in the olfactory tract fibers in response to olfactory stimulation: rhyth ... | 1978 | 709369 |
| convergence of rod and cone signals to single bipolar cells in the carp retina. | | 1978 | 755293 |
| receptive field arrangement of color-opponent bipolar and amacrine cells in the carp retina. | seven color-opponent bipolar and 50 color-opponent amacrine cells were identified in the carp retina and their spectral responses examined by using procion-dye-filled micropipets for staining and recording. four of the bipolar cells had a +r-g-and three a +y-b-type chromatic center. six of the bipolar cells showed hyperpolarizing non-color-opponent surrounds, while one +r-g-type cell had a +y-rb-type surround. this cell showed the greatest complexity of all bipolar cells identified so far, and i ... | 1978 | 755292 |
| ionic mechanisms underlying the center and surround responses of on-center bipolar cells in the carp retina. | reversal potentials were measured for the center and surround responses of on-center bipolar cells in the carp retina. in the scotopic condition, the center response showed a reversal at 29 +/- 13mv, the surround response at 38 +/- 13 mv. the result suggests that both the center and surround responses were -53 +/- 11 mv and -59 +/- 11 mv, respectively. these responses were sensitive to the red light. it is therefore suggested that both the center and surround responses contributed by rods are me ... | 1978 | 755291 |
| effects of gaba on neuronal activities in the distal retina of the carp. | when a transient depolarization was evoked in horizontal cells by a transretinal current pulse, a small hyperpolarizing deflection (probably ipsp) was detected in cones. the ipsp was abolished by superfusion of the retina with gaba-containing ringer solution, which also hyperpolarized the cones. these results suggest that, in the dark, a gaba-mediated negative feedback was operating from horizontal cells to cones, and terminated in the light. application of gaba also caused remarkable changes in ... | 1978 | 755289 |
| electrically evoked responses (e-responses) of l-and c-type horizontal cells in the carp retina. | electrically evoked responses (e-responses) of l-and c-type horizontal cells produced by transretinal stimulation were studied under chromatic illumination in the carp retina. from the examination of e-s relations (e-response verus s-potential) and of the shape of both responses the following results were obtained: (1) equilibrium potential of subsynaptic membrane is estimated as 0 to 10 mv above zero membrane potential. (2) l-cells receive signals from red-and probably from green-sensitive cone ... | 1978 | 755288 |
| [on--off impulse activity of carp retina amacrine cells]. | properties of spontaneous and light-evoked spikes of the "on--off" amacrine cells of the carp retina were studied. it was assumed that the dendrites of amacrine cells generated spike potentials and conducted them to the cell body. the data obtained suggest that the dendrites of amacrine cells have many spike-generation zones and that the transient depolarization component of the amacrine response to light is the compound spike consisting of many separate spikes generated in different parts of th ... | 1978 | 744273 |
| gas exchange in the carp gills in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. | respiratory exchange measurements in a teleost fish, cyprinus carpio, in normoxic and hypoxic conditions are presented. oxygen pressure in the dorsal aortic blood in normoxic carp was much lower than that in most of teleosts and elasmobranchs in similar conditions. the most evident physiological adjustment to the hypoxic condition was the increased ventilation due to an increased frequency of operation of the branchial pump. increased perfusion at the gills played a small role in the physiologic ... | 1978 | 741107 |
| studies on the mechanisms underlying horizontal-bipolar interaction in the carp retina. | responses of on-center bipolar cells and horizontal cells were recorded simultaneously in the carp retina, and the effect of polarization of horizontal cells on the bipolar cells was studied. hyperpolarization by extrinsic current of horizontal cells elicited in the bipolar cells a hyperpolarizing response which, unlike the electrical coupling betweeen adjacent horizontal cells, was accompanied by a change in membrane conductance. the bipolar cell responses elicited by polarization of external h ... | 1978 | 225825 |
| abnormality in body curvature of cyprinus carpio after injection of anaesthetics. | abnormalities in the body curvatures were noticed in cyprinus carpio after the injection of anaesthetics, viz. paraldehyde, tertiary butyl alcohol and butanol. these abnormalities occurred behind the dorsal fin and progressively developed over a period of four months. the abnormalities affect the locomotion and speed of swimming of the fish and appear to be due to toxic effects of the anaesthetics. | 1978 | 742410 |
| [interrelationships of the neurosecretory cells and capillaries in the preoptic nucleus of the carp]. | three layers are tentatively recognized in the wall of a blood capillary of nucleus praeopticus (np) of the carp, cyprinus carpio l: the inner layer--endothelium, the middle layer--basement membrane with pericytes, and the outer broken layer containing mostly leucocytes and fibroblast-like cells. 1). the plasmalemma of the neurosecretory cells (nsc) makes a direct contact with a capillary: (a) with the plasmalemma of a sole-like process of the endothelial cell (0.1%), (b) with the basement membr ... | 1978 | 734769 |
| [biology of khawia japonensis (caryophyllidea, cestoda), a parasite of the amur carp]. | the development of the cestode khawia japonensis (yamaguti, 1934) has been studied experimentally. at 18 to 26 c, in 12-14 days oncospheres develop in eggs, whose infective properties manifest themselves in 30-31 days. in the caudal segments of limnodrilus udekemianus they penetrate the body cavity through the intestinal wall and migrate to the anterior margin as they mature. in 55 to 60 days (at the same temperature) mature proceroids become localized in 9-12 segments. the development of embryo ... | 2007 | 733320 |
| [correlative growth of body weight and brain in carp fry]. | | 2006 | 729524 |
| olfactory neuroepithelioma in a domestic carp (cyprinus carpio). | a well-differentiated olfactory neuroepithelioma was found protruding from the left olfactory fossa of a 6-year-old domestic multicolored carp, cyprinus carpio. following diagnostic biopsy the neoplasm continued to grow. at necropsy, the tumor was found to extend beyond the olfactory chamber into the intracranial portion of the olfactory bulb, but no distant metastases could be detected. histologically, the neoplasm had a remarkably organoid appearance, being composed of imperfect reproductions ... | 1978 | 698944 |
| the effect of fenitrothion on reproduction of a teleost fish, cyprinus carpio communis linn: a biochemical study. | | 1978 | 719191 |
| afferent and efferent fiber connections of the carp torus longitudinalis. | the efferent and afferent pathways of the carp torus longitudinalis were studied by means of degeneration and retrograde hrp methods. efferent projections were only seen in the most superficial layer of the ipsilateral optic tectum (stratum fibrosum marginale). afferent pathways to the torus longitudinalis were found to originate mainly in the valvula cerebelli. degenerating fibers course in the tractus mesencephalocerebellaris posterior within the valvula, and join the tractus mesencephalocereb ... | 1978 | 690274 |
| genetic improvement of wild fish populations. | a plan for the genetic improvement of commercially exploited wild animals is presented. it consists of crossing wild with domesticated breeds to produce heterotic hybrids and to upgrade the wild stocks. empirical evidence is presented from experiments with the carp. procedures for monitoring the manipulated populations are outlined. the suggested plan is ecologically reasonable and would counteract the negative genetic changes caused by excessive commercial exploitation of many species. | 1978 | 17830305 |
| further evidence suggesting that the slow phase in protein unfolding and refolding is due to proline isomerization: a kinetic study of carp parvalbumins. | | 1978 | 30472 |
| autonomic response of the fish to pyrogen. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) applied to the anterior brainstem of the carp caused lightening of body colour. this indicates that an increase in set point temperature is responsible for increased cutaneous autonomic activity following lps-administration. | 1978 | 720514 |
| [speed of in vitro reassociation of gonadotropin subunits in a teleost fish, the carp (cyprinus carpio l.)]. | purified gonadotropin subunits of a teleost fish, the carp, reassociated in vitro, according to a second order rate reaction. the rate constant was temperature dependent. compared to ovine lh, the q10 was about three times less and the rate constant much greater (160 times for instance at 20 degrees c). the possible physiological significance of these differences is underlined. | 1978 | 102442 |
| effects of vitamin a administration upon ito's fat-storing cells of the liver in the carp. | in the normal carp livers, ito cells (fat-storing cells) could be identified with light and electron microscope within the hepatic sinusoidal wall and actually in the disse's space, but they were almost lacking lipid droplets in the cytoplasm (empty ito cells) in contrast to the majority of vertebrate species. after administration of large doses of vitamin a, fat droplets appeared in hypertrophic cytoplasm of enlarged ito cells, and their size and number increased roughly in proportion to the am ... | 1978 | 718387 |
| [instrumental conditioned reflexes to salt and acid stimuli in carp]. | in experiments on unrestrained carps, a comparative study was made of the analysis of different concentrations of nacl and hcl (starting with threshold ones) by means of instrumental conditioned reflexes, aimed at eliminating harmful chemical stuffs from water medium. salt concentrations, in response to which the formation of a conditioned reflex is possible (3--9 mm) are by an order higher than those for the acid (0.3--0.85 mm). the intensity and duration of manifestation of the defensive condi ... | 2015 | 716591 |
| occurrence of catecholamine-containing specific granules in the venous endothelia of carp. | the formaldehyde-induced fluorescence technique and the argentaffin reaction with ultra-thin sections were applied to the vessels of carp to demonstrate the presence of a catecholamine. after formaldehyde gas treatment for 30 minutes at 50 degrees c, the venous endothelia emitted a greenish-yellow fluorescence suggesting the presence of a primary catecholamine. in the endothelial cells of veins, the specific granules, consisting predominantly of spherical granules with a diameter of about 0.3 mi ... | 1978 | 707309 |
| [cytochemical studies on blood cells of 3 teleost species (carp--cyprinus carpio l., rainbow trout--salmo gairdneri richardson and pike--esox lucius l.)]. | | 1978 | 697717 |
| [reversibility of strontium-90 and metaphos action on cyprinus carpio]. | | 2013 | 693832 |
| [responses of carp olfactory receptors to different classes of chemical substances]. | | 1978 | 680284 |
| telencephalic afferent neurons identified by the retrograde hrp method in the carp diencephalon. | | 1978 | 306862 |
| effects of locally applied chemicals on transretinal potential and horizontal cells in the isolated carp retina i. amino acids. | experiments were performed on isolated retinas of teh carp (cyprinus carpio) to investigate the effects of locally applied amino acids on the transretinal potential and the membrane potential of horizontal cells. a minute quantity of each solution of an amino acid was applied locally at different layers by means of pressure-microinjection. the responses were induced by alternating central and annular stimuli of white light. amino acids applied locally at the distal layer (receptor surface or out ... | 1978 | 567342 |
| synthesis of carp proinsulin in xenopus oocytes. | total poly(a)-containing rna from brockmann boides of carp (cyprinus carpio) directs the synthesis of authentic carp proinsulin in xenopus oocytes. neither preproinsulin nor further processing of the proinsulin to insulin can be detected in the oocytes. | 1978 | 668692 |
| the effect of methallibure (i.c.i. 33,828) on the steriodogenesis in the ovary and testis of a fresh water teleost, cyprinus carpio. | methallibure treatment of mature cyprinus carpio causes a marked reduction in the steroidogenesis, as indicated by the fall in 3beta-hsd activity in the gonads. significance of these results is discussed. | 1978 | 658313 |
| effects of extrinsic horizontal cell polarization on spike discharges in the carp retina. | | 1978 | 656935 |
| an electrophysiological study on the cholinergic system in the carp retina. | the effects on spike discharges of acetylcholine chloride (ach), applied electrophoretically at the inner plexiform layer, were examined in air-exposed and superfused preparations of the isolated carp retina. most of spike-generating units examined (147 of 204 units; 72%) were sensitive to electrophoretically applied ach. among the ach-sensitive ones, 125 units (85%), including all on-center, most on-off and two-thirds of off-center units, were activated, whereas 22 units (15%), including mainly ... | 1978 | 656934 |
| dual actions of some amino acids on spike discharges in the carp retina. | the effects of some amino acids (glu, gly and gaba), applied in 3 different manners (electrophoretically, in the superfusate and by pressure-microinjection), were investigated on spontaneous and light-induced spike discharges in the isolated carp retina. when applied electrophoretically or by pressure-microinjection in the inner plexiform layer (ipl), the agents acted directly on spike-generating units. electrophoretic application of glu at ipl consistently increased while gly and gaba always de ... | 1978 | 656933 |
| lipid adaptation in liver mitochondrial membranes of carp acclimated to different environmental temperatures: phospholipid composition, fatty acid pattern and cholesterol content. | the lipid fraction of liver mitochondria has been studied in carp acclimated to high and low environmental temperatures. evidence is provided for a temperature-induced lipid adaptation which might control membrane fluidity. this supports suggestions made in a recent communication on temperature-induced changes in the arrhenius functions of mitochondrial oxidase systems from carp liver ((wodtke, e. (1976) j. comp. physiol. 110, 145--157). the results of the analysis of lipid composition are: the ... | 1978 | 656457 |
| appraisal of the pam cell effect as a diagnostic test for multiple sclerosis. | the selective reduction of pam cell yield reported by carp and associates in the presence of tissue from patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) has been attributed to replication in culture of a viral agent associated with ms (msaa). we investigated the diagnostic potential of the pam cell effect in ms and in optic neuritis (on). six serum and 7 csf samples from 7 patients with ms, 3 serum and 3 csf samples from 4 patients with idiopathic on, and 4 sera from 4 patients with on induced by ethambut ... | 1978 | 727719 |
| [experimental transmission of spring viraemia of carp through carp lice (angulus foliaceus)]. | | 1978 | 696075 |
| thermodynamic investigations of proteins. iv. calcium binding protein parvalbumin. | the conformational transitions of calcium binding protein parvalbumin iii from carp muscle were studied by scanning calorimetry, potentiometric titration and isothermal calorimetric titration. changes of gibbs energy, enthalpy and partial heat capacity were determined. the removal of calcium ions by edta is accompanied by 1) a heat absorption of 75 +/- 10 kj per mole of the protein, 2) a decrease in the gibbs energy of protein structure stabilisation of about 42 kj mol-1 and 3) a decrease in the ... | 1978 | 27259 |
| [effect of total and prolonged starvation on the acid soluble nucleotides in carp liver]. | the composition of the acid soluble nucleotide pool of carp liver was determined by column chromatography, and its changes were followed during prolonged total fast. total prolonged starvation caused substantial changes in the distribution of hepatocyte free nucleotides. eleven months of starvation caused a reduction in the concentration of di- and triphosphate nucleosides as well as a diminution of the oxido-reduction of the hepatocyte. only pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphates remained at conc ... | 1978 | 27315 |
| [diploid radiation gynogenesis in carp. iii. analysis of gynogenetic progeny by biochemical markers]. | studies have been carried out on carp gynogenetic offspring by four autosome genes: tf (transferrin), est(s) (muscle esterases, slow), est(f) (muscle esterases, fast), my (myogenes). homozygosity and phenotypical homogeneity by all the loci studied are established for carps of the second generation of the induced gynogenesis. in the first generation obtained from heterozygous females, the correlation of homozygous offspring of two classes corresponding to the theoretically expected one (1:1). he ... | 1978 | 658664 |
| the effect of chronic exposure to 238pu(iv) citrate on the embryonic development of carp and fathead minnow eggs. | | 1978 | 566735 |
| [effect of haemogregarina on the body of carp]. | | 1978 | 418561 |
| calcium sensitivity of mantle muscle of squid. | ca2+-sensitivity of squid muscle proteins was studied by competition tests between squid actin and carp myosin on squid myosin b and by cross combination tests between squid myosin and actin and between carp myosin and squid thin filament fraction. the results suggest that the regulatory system of the squid mantle muscle is actin-linked as in skeletal muscle rather than myosin-linked. this view is supported by the presence of troponin-like components on sds-disc electrophoresis of squid thin fil ... | 1978 | 149115 |
| [toxicity of lead nitrate to the carp (cyprinus carpio l.). effect on respiratory metabolism and histological structure of gill lamellae (author's transl)]. | oxygen uptake of gills was estimated after lead poisoning of the carp. histological structure of gill lamellae was also examined. oxygen uptake quickly decreased after two weeks then increased again in long term poisoning without total recovery. on the other hand, desquamation of the gill epithelium was observed as well as proliferation of mast cells probably loaded with lead. the return to clean water for eleven weeks, allowed the lamellar epithelium recovery but not the mast cells elimination. | 1978 | 741474 |
| binding of calcium by parvalbumin fragments. | parvalbumin fragments from carp pi 4.47 parvalbumin corresponding to its residues 1--75 and 76--108 bind ca2+ with affinities corresponding to kd 0.9 . 10(-4) m and kd 3 . 10(-3) m, respectively. | 1978 | 623786 |
| polymorphism of parvalbumins and tissue distribution: characterization of component i, isolated from red muscles of cyprinus carpio l. | the component i isolated from carp red muscle has been characterized as a true parvalbumin, fairly different from carp parvalbumins described so far. the protein is antigenically related to the parvalbumin iii from pike, which belongs to the so called parvalbumin lineage alpha. immunological investigations on the location of the various carp parvalbumins reveal genuine variation in the pattern of these proteins according to organ and type of muscular tissue. | 1978 | 75026 |
| the receptive field structure of visual cells from the optic tectum of the freshwater perch (perca fluviatilis). | recordings from the intrinsic tectal cells of the perch have allowed a classification of visual units on the basis of receptive field type. comparisons with retinal and tectal cells in carp, goldfish, pike, trout and in the anura were made. most striking are cells with vertical bar-shaped features forming part of the r.f. the relation between the receptive fields of units lying adjacent within the tectum, suggests that parts of the same pattern are derived from cells within the same vertical col ... | 1978 | 626899 |
| inhibition of gluconeogenesis and glucagon-induced hyperglycemia in carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | | 1978 | 631544 |
| isolation and quantitative determination of sex hormones in carps (cyprinus carpio l.). | changes in the oestrogen and progesterone level in the blood and ovarian tissue of mature carps from fish farms were examined using gas chromatographic method, before and after spawning as well as under wintering. due to the high individual variation the observations cannot be regarded as quantitative. the highest oestrogen level was found before spawning, both in the ovaries and the blood, this level was somewhat lower after spawning and did not show any further change under wintering. the rest ... | 1978 | 754414 |
| [histological and histochemical studies on the detection of the esogaster in the agastric cyprinidae aristichthys nobilis rich. (marble carp)]. | in postnatal aristichthys nobilis rich. oesogaster was proved by histological and histochemical methods. during the larval development oesogaster becomes reduced completely in cranial direction. the statement is demonstrating the secondary character of lost stomach in phylogeny of this fish species. | 1978 | 753692 |
| [experimental poisoning of carp fingerlings (cyprinus carpio l.) with the herbicidal preparation, lasagrin (alachlor)]. | the acute intoxication of k1 carp (cyprinus carpio l.) with the herbicide preparation lassagrin (alachlor) was studied under experimental conditions in a laboratory. used were a total of 360 young carps of 10 g each, measuring 9-10 cm. the experiments were carried out in 30-1 glass aquariums that were preliminary filled with water that was adequately heated and deprived of chlorine at ph = 6.9, t0c = 18-20 degrees c, o2 = 10.4 mg/1; hardness = 1.5 german degrees. the preparation was directly pla ... | 1978 | 741634 |
| cell types and glycoprotein cytochemistry in the carp adenohypophysis (cyprinus carpio l.). | | 1978 | 737674 |
| [structural and immunochemical studies on carp (cyprinus carpio l.) immunoglobulins. iv. in vitro reassociation of carp immunoglobulin]. | mildly reduced high molecular immunoglobulin and antibody of carp with tetrameric structure, carbohydrate content of 6 to 7% and absence of j-chain can reassociate to native molecules. the disulphide bonds between subunits and polypeptide chains are sensitive and can be completly splitted by treatment with only 1 mm dte. one half of the immunoglobulins retained their high molecular structure as expression of strong non-covalent bonds between subunits of the tetrameric molecule. the other half of ... | 1978 | 735618 |
| latency measurement of the color coded s-potentials in the carp retina. | | 1978 | 726289 |
| [comparative characteristics of neuronal response in the vagus and facial nerve lobes of carp medulla oblongata to chemoreceptor stimulation]. | the unit activity in the vagal lobe of medulla oblongata in response to stimulation of the mouth cavity and gills chemoreceptors with solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride was studied in immobilized carps and compared with those in the facial lobe in response to skin chemoreceptors stimulation. the firing rate in the vagal lobe is lower and the latent period is longer than in the facial lobe. the level of the chemical stimuli gradations analysis is different in two parts of the chem ... | 1978 | 724004 |
| body colour response of the carp (cyprinus carpio) during asphyxia. | the body colour of immobilized carp was photoelectrically measured simultaneously with heart rate in order to examine one of the effects of asphyxia on autonomic functions of the cutaneous region. 1) asphyxia induced marked body colour darkening and bradycardia. 2) adequate increase in cardiac vagal activity was recorded during asphyxic bradycardia. 3) after atropine injection, body colour darkening, as in intact fish, was observed during asphyxia while heart rate was not changed. 4) after trans ... | 1978 | 713179 |
| [ultrastructural and histochemical aspects of the rodlet cells from the bulbus arteriosus of cyprinus carpio l. (pisces: cyprinidae) (author's transl)]. | morphological details of the "stäbchendrüsenzellen" (plehn), rodlet cells syn. pear-shaped cells of the endothel from the bulbus arterious of carps were studied in the electron microscope. from morphological characteristics, especially from the development of desmosomes with adjacent endothelial cells, it becomes evident, that the cells in question, which are very common in teleostei, are not of parasitic nature. specific protrusions of the apical cell poles towards the arterial lumen are indica ... | 1978 | 686392 |
| uptake and accumulation of 14c-rotenone in carp. | | 1978 | 635235 |
| [action of strontium-90 and metaphos on cyprinus carpio]. | | 2013 | 635143 |
| carp connectin: amino acid composition. | an elastic protein, connectin, was prepared from carp skeletal muscle by the alkaline method with some modifications; collagen contaminations were exhaustively extracted with 1 n acetic acid and hot phenol treatment was omitted. this connectin preparation contained a considerable amount of tryptophan, but almost completely lacked hydroxyproline. | 1978 | 624709 |
| effects of starvation on the oocytes of cyprinus carpio--a cytomorphological and histochemical study. | effects of induced starvation on the morphology of the oocytic nucleus in cyprinus carpio have been studied to assess the nature of structural aberrations caused and the adaptations induced in the oocytes during the period of stress on account of inanition. an attempt has also been made to study the fate of a number of metabolites during this period. it has also been observed that the nuclear membrane undergoes partial or complete degeneration and there is a proliferation in the number of nucleo ... | 1978 | 567447 |
| [proteinase activity in the early developmental stages of the carp, cyprinus carpio]. | embryonic and early postembryonic development of the carp is associated with an increase in the content of soluble proteins and nitrogen of non-protein nitrogenous components. simultaneously, the activity of trypsin-like and chemotrypsin-like peptide hydrolases increases together with the increase in the degree of proteolysis. these data suggest that the development of carp embryos and early larva is accompanied by intensification of two opposite processes--synthesis and catabolism of proteins. ... | 2013 | 564588 |
| stimulation of the olfactory epithelium with odorants in gaseous and aqueous phases. | the olfactory epithelia of the bullfrog and the carp were stimulated with various odorants in the gaseous and/or aqueous phases. some ionic solutions were also applied. 1. by recording the induced waves in the olfactory bulb, it was shown that the bullfrog responds to odorants in the two phases, but the carp can respond only to odorants in the aqueous phase. 2. comparison of the stimulative effects of the same odorants in the two phases were made in the bullfrog. although various response patter ... | 1978 | 308566 |
| ionic stimulation of the olfactory epithelium in the bullfrog and the carp. | the stimulating effects of mono- and divalent cations and anions were studied in the olfactory epithelia of the bullfrog and the carp. the rhythmic waves induced by these ions were recorded in the olfactory bulb. 1. many mono- and divalent cations and anions showed stimulating actions in the bullfrog and the carp. 2. microelectrode studies disclosed that the olfactory receptor cells respond to different ions differently. 3. when many ions were applied with various concentrations, responses appea ... | 1978 | 308565 |
| effects of gustatory stimulants upon the olfactory epithelium of the bullfrog and the carp. | effects of various gustatory stimulants upon the olfactory spithelia were examined in the olfactory bulb of the bullfrog and the carp. 1. the olfactory epithelia of the two animals responded to the salty, bitter- and acid-tasting substances, but not to the sweet ones. 2. the olfactory epithelium of the bullfrog responded immediately to sodium solutions of high concentrations (the "initial response"), but the response to those of low concentrations showed long latency (the "delayed response"). in ... | 1978 | 308564 |
| histological, immuno- and enzyme-histochemical investigations on the adenohypophysis of the urodeles, mertensiella caucasica and triturus cristatus and the caecilian, chthonerpeton indistinctum. | the pituitary glands of two urodelan species (mertensiella caucasica, triturus cristatus) and one one caecilian species (chthonerpeton indistinctum) were examined with histological (alcian blue, brookes' trichrome stain), enzyme histochemical (acid phosphatase, alpha-naphthylacetate-esterase, acetylcholinesterase) and immunofluorescence techniques (anti-carp gth, anti-ovine prolactin, anti-synthetic alpha-msh). in the pituitary gland of mertensiella and triturus six chromophilic cell types could ... | 1977 | 340044 |
| isolation and characterization of the three light chains from carp white muscle myosin. | myosin from carp white muscle contains two mol of "dtnb" light chain (mol. wt 17 500 daltons) and two mol of "alkali" light chains (mol. wt 25 000 and 16 400 daltons). the three light chains have been isolated in pure state and characterized by electrofocusing, ultraviolet absorption, amino acid analysis and tryptic peptide mapping. our results show a great homology between the two carp alkali light chains whereas lc2 seems chemically more different. but the homology of lc1 and lc3 is not so ext ... | 1977 | 79371 |
| identification of respiratory motor neurons in the carp and determination of their firing characteristics and interconnections. | motor neurons of the respiratory muscles of the carp, located in the medulla oblongata, are identified with a signal averaging technique. analysis of the firing characteristics of these neurons provides data on their activity patterns under different circumstances. the results show that, on the one hand, the number of spikes a motor neuron fires per respiratory cycle depends on the respiratory intensity, and can even be as low as one action potential per respiration. on the other hand, with cons ... | 1977 | 200306 |
| studies on the control of igm antibody synthesis--iii. preferential formation of anti-dnp-antibodies of high functional affinity in the course of the immune response in carp. | | 2011 | 598855 |
| [inhibition of corticotropic function by administration of gaba in carp (cyprinus carpio l.)]. | the intracardiac injection (50 microgram/g) of gaba to carps clearly inhibits the rise of the plasma cortisol level which occurs usually in response to the blood sampling manipulations. the inhibition starts thirty minutes after injection and lasts till the end of the experiment two hours later. the hypothesis that this neurotransmitter has a regulatory function on the corticotrop cells, especially on the excretion of acth has to be considered. | 1977 | 200377 |
| [change in the ionic makeup of the cells in the early embryogenesis of the carp]. | | 2006 | 562279 |
| electro-mechanical noise in atrial muscle fibres of the carp. | steady membrane voltage fluctuations have been observed in atrial muscle fibres of the carp. these voltage fluctuations produce minute mechanical escillations, as revealed by an interference contrast microscope. the steady voltage fluctuations may be related to abnormal automaticity in the heart. | 1977 | 891811 |
| the effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on force development in myocardia of carp and rainbow trout: protective effects of co2/hco3. | isometrically mounted and electrically paced myocardial ventricular strips of carp have a much higher capacity to develop force during severe hypoxia and to redevelop force after it than those of rainbow trout. when the concentrations of co2 and hco3-in the solutions surrounding the strips were increased together, such that ph remained constant, the force developed during hypoxia increased. the concentration of co2 was raised from 0-4%; that of hco3-from 0-25 mm. the effect was much more pronoun ... | 1977 | 908909 |
| physiology of host parasite relationship: effects on serum alkaline phosphatase levels of fish hosts parasitized by trypanosomes. | serum alkaline phosphatase levels of five species of fresh water fish hosts were altered by trypanosome parasites. the loss in enzymatic activity ranged from 3.91% to 69.91% in the five species of infected fishes as compared to normal level in the healthy hosts. the maximal reduction in the enzymatic activity caused by trypanosomes was observed in the herbivore carp fish cirrhina mrigala and the minimal loss in the fresh water shark wallago attu. | 1977 | 906625 |
| taste responses in the facial lobe of the carp, cyprinus carpio l. | single unitary discharges in the facial lobe of carp, cyprinus carpio l., were studied electrophysiologically in response to chemical stimulation of the chemoreceptors of the facial skin. of 258 neurons recorded, 95% were facilitated by taste stimuli and 5% were inhibited. according to responsiveness to the 4 basic tasting substances, the taste neurons were classified into 5 types: type i which was activated by one stimulus (43% of total neurons), type ii by two (35%), type iii by three (12%), t ... | 1977 | 884525 |
| tectal afferent neurons identified by the retrograde hrp method in the carp telencephalon. | | 1977 | 69474 |
| supplementation of a semipurified casein diet for catfish with free amino acids and gelatin. | semipurified diets with casein as the sole protein source were supplemented with gelatin, arginine, cystine, methionine or tryptophan, and fed to channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) fingerlings. increasing the arginine level from 1.1% to 1.7% of diet by the isonitrogenous substitution of gelatin for casein resulted in a significant enhancement of growth. however, the addition of free arginine, cystine, tryptophan or methionine to casein had little effect on growth or food conversion. these dat ... | 1977 | 874559 |
| [isolation of the calcium-binding domain of carp parvalbumin]. | carp parvalbumin has two calcium-binding domains with a similar three-dimensional structure. using the tryptic hydrolysis at the arginine residue in position 75, it was possible to split off one calcium-binding domain. all lysine residues were protected by maleic groups which were removed at the final stage. the domain (with a peptide thirty-three residues) isolated by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration does not have a secondary structure in a solution and is unable to bind calcium. | 2013 | 618324 |
| interactive effect of chromium compounds and a fungal parasite on carp eggs. | a fungal parasite (saprolegniales) of carp eggs was exposed to hexavalent and trivalent chromium compounds at concentrations identical to those used in a study of the effects of the same compounds on carp eggs hatchability. comparison of data from both experiments revealed that increased egg mortality and increased fungal growth were cooupled at low concentrations of the compounds. a mechanism for the interaction of a chemical stress and a biological stress on carp egg survival in natural system ... | 1977 | 560230 |
| the use of regression methods to study genotype-environment interactions: extending griffing's model for diallel cross experiments and testing an empirical grouping method. | a model combining features of griffing's diallel cross analysis with regression analysis for genotype-environment interactions is introduced using carp data of moav et al. (1975) as an example. an analysis of variance based on this model provides information on the combining abilities of genetic effects and the interactions of these effects with environments from which inferences can readily be made on heterosis and heterosis-environment interactions. applying the empirical grouping method of li ... | 1977 | 268315 |
| organization of purpine degradation in the liver of a teleost (carp; cyprinus carpio l.). a study of its subcellular distribution. | carp liver was fractionated by differential and density gradient centrifugation and assayed for enzymes of purine catabolism. while urate oxidase is an exclusively peroxisomal enzyme, only a very small percentage of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, allantoinase and allantoicase is associated with subcellular or ganelle fractions. there is no general purine catabolizing subcellular compartment. there is some but not yet conclusive evidence for the assumption that urate oxidase is a membrane bound en ... | 1977 | 18664 |
| deep freezing of carp cyprinus carpio l. sperm. | | 1977 | 890530 |
| biotransformation and elimination of the herbicide dinitramine in carp. | | 2003 | 558237 |
| histone 5 from carp erythrocytes. | histone 5 (h5) has been isolated from carp (cyprinus carpio) erythrocytes and identified by its amino acid composition. it was found in very small relative amounts, despite the use of either 50 mm sodium bisulfite or 1.0 mm phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride to inhibit endogenous protease activity. carp h5 differed significantly from h5's of other lower vertebrates in its amino acid composition, position of elution from amberlite cg-50 ion-exchange columns, and its unusually high electrophoretic mobi ... | 1977 | 870148 |
| [examination of muscular and liver tissues of fish for the presence of aflatoxin b 1]. | a method of the determination of aflatoxin b1 in the liver and muscular tissue of carp is described, enabling the capture of 50 ng in one kilogram. extraction and purification were followed by thin-layer chromatography and by identification by means of ultraviolet light with simultaneous comparison with the standard. the examination was performed with 44 samples coming from healthy table carp from the pohorelice farm of the state fisheries national corporation. none of the 44 the pohorelice farm ... | 1977 | 408965 |
| [spring disease of the carp in the fish ponds of crimea]. | | 1977 | 145071 |
| [electron microscopic study of the peptidergic neurosecretory cells of the preoptic nucleus of carp]. | the preoptic neurosecretory cells (nsc) in sexually mature female cyprinus carpio l. have been studied with electron microscope in winter. separate weakly differentiated nsc and differentiated nsc of small and mean size are localized in the ventral part of nucleus preopticus. the big highly differentiated nsc are mostly localized in the dorsal part of nucleus preopticus. among these types of the cells are established the light and dark forms. the "picnomorphic" cells are found only in the dorsal ... | 1977 | 883023 |
| [several acoustic properties of the carp, cyprinus carpio, swimbladder]. | | 2006 | 868399 |
| toxicity of pesticides to embryonic stages of cyprinus carpio communis linn. | | 1977 | 562315 |
| spreading depression in isolated carp retina. | (1) spreading depression (sd) could be elicited in isolated carp retina by kci application, the concomitants of which were similar to those described in other vertebrates. (2) the threshold for generating sd was greatly reduced by brief immersion of the retina in low ci-ringer's solutions. the properties of sd waves were almost the same with treated and untreated retinas, except for intervals. (3) extracellular negative potential shifts during sd, averaging 4.6 mv in amplitude and 27 sec in dura ... | 1977 | 832120 |
| [brain organization of amia, lepisosteus and polypterus: comparative morphology and quantitative analysys]. | the quantitative study of the brain of amia, lepisosteus and polypterus leads to results which are compared to those previously got on the sturgeon and three species of tleosts (the rainbow trout, the carp and the ballan wrasse). the volumetric analysis has been applied at first to the whole brain (encephalization indices) and later to the main subdivision of the brain: telencephalon, diencepahlon... (relation indices and relative volumes). some result are discussed in regard to the various opin ... | 1977 | 894016 |
| [effect of prolonged cold storage and subsequent heat treatment on the fractional composition of fish muscle proteins]. | the effect of prolonged preservation at -18 degrees c and subsequent culinary heat treatment of the fractional composition of sarcoplasmatic and myofibrillar proteins in the muscles of mirror carp, pike and sheat-fish were studied by the method of gel-filtration on sephadex g-100. cold storage of the dish at -18 degrees c for 9 months was found to produce market changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of muscle proteins. after culinary heat treatment the finished products have lo ... | 2010 | 883223 |
| isolation and electron microscopy of a rhabdovirus from the acute form of infectious dropsy of carp (spring viraemia of carp). | | 1977 | 878734 |
| [size of eggs and larvae of female carp of different ages under normal conditions and following exposure to an elevated dose of zinc sulfate]. | | 1977 | 871476 |
| subcellular distribution of purine degrading enzymes in the liver of the carp (cyprinus carpio i.). | | 1977 | 855707 |
| [starvation metabolism in carp]. | | 1977 | 844756 |
| [increments of body composition in carp receiving feed of various protein contents]. | | 1977 | 844754 |
| [rhythmic activity in the retina of fish evoked by adequate stimulation]. | distribution of evoked rhythmical responses over the retinal surface and depth was investigated in carp and tench by recording the local electroretinogram and spike activity of ganglion cells. the dependence of the response amplitude-frequency characteristics upon the stimulus intensity and duration was also studied. the rhythmical responses to light "on" and "off" stimuli differed in a number of features, particularly in patterns of their distribution among cellular and synaptic retinal layers. ... | 1977 | 840330 |
| [rhythmic activity of individual elements of the isolated carp retina]. | at the level of photoreceptor, bipolar and ganglion cells of the carp isolated retina displayed intracellular oscillations of two types: with frequency of about 6-12 hz, continuously generated in darkness, suppressed by light and slowly recovering, and oscillations with frequency of about 20-50 hz, observed during swithching on and off of light. the latter are components of responses to light of bipolar, amacrine, and ganglion cells. possible role of different structures of the retina in generat ... | 1977 | 832751 |
| adaptive properties of the b-wave and the piii in the perfused isolated carp retina. | 1. perfusion of isolated carp retina with a pure oxygen saturated standard solution used in this experiment permitted several continuous hours of erg recordings showing a distinctive b-wave as well as the piii isolated by sodium aspartate. 2. the dark-adapted threshold for the piii required an absorption of 5 to 6 quanta per rod. the 'rod-cone break' in the increment threshold curve for the b-wave was induced at a background intensity of about 2.0 x 10(-2) muw/cm2. 3. both the b-wave and the pii ... | 1977 | 613094 |