| discovery and initial analysis of novel viral genomes in the soybean cyst nematode. | nematodes are the most abundant multi-cellular animals on earth, yet little is known about their natural viral pathogens. to date, only two nematode virus genomes have been reported. consequently, nematode viruses have been overlooked as important biotic factors in the study of nematode ecology. here we show that one plant parasitic nematode species, heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode (scn), harbors four different rna viruses. the nematode virus genomes were discovered in the scn tra ... | 2011 | 21490246 |
| [biological and phylogenetic analysis of first isolate of tahyna virus in china]. | in 2006, the first chinese tahyna virus isolate (xj0625) was obtained in xinjiang province and human infection were found in the same region. in this study, cell culture, animal experiments, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence assay and cross neutralization tests were performed to see the cell susceptibility, animal pathogenicity, morphology and antigenic and other biological characteristics of xj0625. in addition, molecular biology software was used to analyze the characteristics of molecul ... | 2011 | 21528532 |
| molecular epidemiology of oropouche virus, brazil. | oropouche virus (orov) is the causative agent of oropouche fever, an urban febrile arboviral disease widespread in south america, with >30 epidemics reported in brazil and other latin american countries during 1960-2009. to describe the molecular epidemiology of orov, we analyzed the entire n gene sequences (small rna) of 66 strains and 35 partial gn (medium rna) and large rna gene sequences. distinct patterns of orov strain clustered according to n, gn, and large gene sequences, which suggests ... | 2011 | 21529387 |
| a dna vaccine encoding ubiquitinated rift valley fever virus nucleoprotein provides consistent immunity and protects ifnar(-/-) mice upon lethal virus challenge. | current vaccine candidates against rift valley fever virus (rvfv) incorporate the viral structural glycoproteins as antigens, since triggering antibody responses against them usually correlates with protection. here, we have focused solely on the nucleoprotein of rvfv as a potential target for vaccine development. previous studies in mouse models have already demonstrated that rvfv nucleoprotein can elicit partial protection when administered by means of a dna vaccine or in recombinant, soluble, ... | 2011 | 21549790 |
| inhibition of hazara nairovirus replication by small interfering rnas and their combination with ribavirin. | abstract: background: the genus nairovirus in the family bunyaviridae contains 34 tick-borne viruses classified into seven serogroups. hazara virus (hazv) belongs to the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) serogroup that also includes cchf virus (cchfv) a major pathogen for humans. hazv is an interesting model to study cchfv due to a close serological and phylogenetical relationship and a classification which allows handling in a bsl2 laboratory. nairoviruses are characterized by a tripartite ... | 2011 | 21600011 |
| human jamestown canyon virus infection --- montana, 2009. | jamestown canyon virus (jcv) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen belonging to the california serogroup of bunyaviruses. although jcv is widely distributed throughout temperate north america, reports of human jcv infection in the united states are rare. this is the first report of human jcv infection detected in montana, one of only 15 cases reported in the united states since 2004, when jcv became reportable. on may 26, 2009, a man aged 51 years with no travel history outside of montana went t ... | 2011 | 21617630 |
| medical microbiology | bunyaviridae is a family of arthropod-borne or rodent-borne, spherical, enveloped rna viruses. bunyaviruses are responsible for a number of febrile diseases in humans and other vertebrates. they have either a rodent host or an arthropod vector and a vertebrate host. | 1996 | 21413286 |
| class ii enveloped viruses. | a number of viruses transport their genomic material from cell to cell enclosed within a lipid bilayer that is in turn encased within a symmetric protein shell. this review focuses in a group of rna viruses that have this type of virions. this group includes several of important human pathogenic viruses, such as the hepatitis c virus, dengue virus, chikungunya virus, rubella virus, and the bunyaviruses. the best studied are the flaviviruses and the alphaviruses, which have a ß-sheet rich class i ... | 2011 | 21790946 |
| [arborviruses of the california encephalitis serogroup 1n russia and their contribution to infectious pathology]. | this review focuses on arborviral infections associated with california serocomplex (bunyaviridae, orthobunyavirus). results of relevant eco-epidemiological and clinical studies in russia are presented suggesting the ubiquitious nature of diseases caused by viruses of the california encephalitis serocomplex (inko, tahyna, snowshoe hare). the etiologic structure of these diseases in taiga and mixed woods of the european part and western siberia is dominated by the inco virus and in southern regio ... | 2011 | 21786596 |
| dc-sign as a receptor for phleboviruses. | during natural transmission, bunyaviruses are introduced into the skin through arthropod bites, and dermal dendritic cells (dcs) are the first to encounter incoming viruses. dc-sign is a c-type lectin highly expressed on the surface of dermal dcs. we found that several arthropod-borne phleboviruses (bunyaviridae), including rift valley fever and uukuniemi viruses, exploit dc-sign to infect dcs and other dc-sign-expressing cells. dc-sign binds the virus directly via interactions with high-mannose ... | 2011 | 21767814 |
| dengue virus seroprevalence among febrile patients in bamako, mali: results of a 2006 surveillance study. | abstract background: dengue viruses (denv) are endemic in over 100 countries worldwide, and annually 50 to 100 million people are infected by one of the four denv serotypes, whereas over 2.5 billion people are at risk for infection. west african countries lack the surveillance to determine the true incidence of dengue; hence, this disease is likely significantly underestimated. in mali, ~14 million people are potentially at risk of acquiring a dengue infection. methods and findings: a serosurvey ... | 2011 | 21767159 |
| [insect-borne diseases and insect bites in finland]. | clinically significant endemic, arthropod-borne infectious diseases in finland include lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis, tularemia and karelian fever. the diagnosis of early borreliosis or tularemia is clinical and the treatment is initiated already before the results of eventual blood tests. the diagnosis of late stage borreliosis, tick-borne encephalitis or karelian fever is confirmed mainly with serologic tests. the clinical significance of endemic anaplasmosis, rickettsia helvetica, ink ... | 2011 | 21834346 |
| gouleako virus isolated from west african mosquitoes constitutes a proposed novel genus in the family bunyaviridae. | the family bunyaviridae is the most diversified family of rna viruses. we describe a novel prototypic bunyavirus, tentatively named goul+®ako virus, isolated from various mosquito species trapped in c+¦te d'ivoire. the s segment comprised 1,087 nucleotides (nt), the m segment 3,188 nt, and the l segment 6,358 nt, constituting the shortest bunyavirus genome known so far. the virus had shorter genome termini than phleboviruses and showed no evidence of encoded nss and nsm proteins. an uncharacteri ... | 2011 | 21715500 |
| broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics. | currently there are relatively few antiviral therapeutics, and most which do exist are highly pathogen-specific or have other disadvantages. we have developed a new broad-spectrum antiviral approach, dubbed double-stranded rna (dsrna) activated caspase oligomerizer (draco) that selectively induces apoptosis in cells containing viral dsrna, rapidly killing infected cells without harming uninfected cells. we have created dracos and shown that they are nontoxic in 11 mammalian cell types and effect ... | 2011 | 21818340 |
| Recent advances in the molecular and cellular biology of bunyaviruses. | The family Bunyaviridae of segmented, negative-stranded RNA viruses includes over 350 members that infect a bewildering variety of animals and plants. Many of these bunyaviruses are the causative agents of serious disease in their respective hosts, and are classified as emerging viruses because of their increased incidence in new populations and geographical locations throughout the world. Emerging bunyaviruses, such as Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, tomato spotted wilt virus and Rift Va ... | 2011 | 21865443 |
| creation of a nonspreading rift valley fever virus. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic bunyavirus of the genus phlebovirus and a serious human and veterinary pathogen. rvfv contains a three-segmented rna genome, which is comprised of the large (l), medium (m), and small (s) segments. the proteins that are essential for genome replication are encoded by the l and s segments, whereas the structural glycoproteins are encoded by the m segment. we have produced bhk replicon cell lines (bhk-rep) that maintain replicating l and ... | 2011 | 21957302 |
| A novel bunyavirus in China. | | 2011 | 21879913 |
| [fever with thrombocytopenia associated with a novel bunyavirus in china]. | | 2011 | 21863623 |
| a family cluster of infections by a newly recognized bunyavirus in eastern china, 2007: further evidence of person-to-person transmission. | seven persons in one family living in eastern china developed fever and thrombocytopenia during may 2007, but the initial investigation failed to identify an infectious etiology. in december 2009, a novel bunyavirus (designated severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus [sftsv]) was identified as the cause of illness in patients with similar clinical manifestations in china. we reexamined this family cluster for sftsv infection. | 2011 | 22028437 |
| [pyrexia and thrombocytopenia syndrome: a novel bunyavirus infectious disease]. | | 2011 | 22176956 |
| Person-to-Person Transmission of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus. | Abstract Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a newly discovered bunyavirus, SFTS virus (SFTSV), and causes high fatality (12% on average and as high as 30%). The objective of this study was to determine whether SFTSV could be transmitted from person to person. We analyzed sera of 13 patients from two clusters of unknown infectious diseases that occurred between September and November of 2006 in Anhui Province of China for SFTSV antibod ... | 2011 | 21955213 |
| person-to-person transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus through blood contact. | severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus is a newly discovered bunyavirus with high pathogenicity to human. the transmission model has been largely uncharacterized. investigation on a cluster of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cases provided evidence of person-to-person transmission through blood contact to the index patient with high serum virus load. | 2012 | 22095565 |
| iquitos virus: a novel reassortant orthobunyavirus associated with human illness in peru. | oropouche (oro) virus, a member of the simbu serogroup, is one of the few human pathogens in the orthobunyavirus genus in the family bunyaviridae. genetic analyses of oro-like strains from iquitos, peru, identified a novel reassortant containing the s and l segments of oro virus and the m segment of a novel simbu serogroup virus. this new pathogen, which we named iquitos (iqt) virus, was first isolated during 1999 from a febrile patient in iquitos, an amazonian city in peru. subsequently, the vi ... | 2011 | 21949892 |
| a novel bunyavirus in china. | | 2011 | 21879911 |
| rift valley fever virus inhibits a pro-inflammatory response in experimentally infected human monocyte derived macrophages and a pro-inflammatory cytokine response may be associated with patient survival during natural infection. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv) causes significant morbidity and mortality in humans and livestock throughout africa and the middle east. the clinical disease ranges from mild febrile illness, to hepatitis, retinitis, encephalitis and fatal hemorrhagic fever. rvfv nss protein has previously been shown to interfere in vitro with the interferon response, and rvfv lacking the nss protein is attenuated in several animal models. monocytes and macrophages are key players in the innate immune response v ... | 2012 | 22018491 |
| early diagnosis of novel sfts bunyavirus infection by quantitative real-time rt-pcr assay. | severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging infectious disease recently identified to be caused by a novel bunyavirus (sftsv). the clinical diagnosis is urgently needed to differentiate the disease from other infections. | 2012 | 22024488 |
| Antiviral escape strategies developed by bunyaviruses pathogenic for humans. | New or re-emerging pathogens for humans have emerged outside of their usual endemic range during the last decade originating severe public health concern and economical losses. Climate changes have played a significant role in the emergence or re-emergence of arboviruses. Among these pathogens, several viruses belong to the Bunyaviridae family. This family is composed of RNA viruses grouped into five genera Orthobunyavirus, Hantavirus, Nairovirus, Phlebovirus and Tospovirus characterized by thei ... | 2012 | 22202109 |
| A Recombinant Chimeric La Crosse Virus Expressing the Surface Glycoproteins of Jamestown Canyon Virus Is Immunogenic and Protective against Challenge with either Parental Virus in Mice or Monkeys. | La Crosse virus (LACV) and Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV), family Bunyaviridae, are mosquito-borne viruses that are endemic in North America and recognized as etiologic agents of encephalitis in humans. Both viruses belong to the California encephalitis virus serogroup, which causes 70 to 100 cases of encephalitis a year. As a first step in creating live attenuated viral vaccine candidates for this serogroup, we have generated a recombinant LACV expressing the attachment/fusion glycoproteins of JC ... | 2012 | 22013033 |
| Interference in plant defense and development by non-structural protein NSs of Groundnut bud necrosis virus. | Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) infects a large number of leguminous and solanaceous plants. To elucidate the biological function of the non-structural protein encoded by the S RNA of GBNV (NSs), we studied its role in RNA silencing suppression and in viral pathogenesis. Our results demonstrated that GBNV NSs functions as a suppressor of RNA silencing using the agroinfiltration patch assay. An in silico analysis suggested the presence of pro-apoptotic protein Reaper-like sequences in the GBN ... | 2011 | 21924303 |
| Metagenomic analysis of fever, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia syndrome (FTLS) in Henan Province, China: discovery of a new bunyavirus. | Since 2007, many cases of fever, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia syndrome (FTLS) have emerged in Henan Province, China. Patient reports of tick bites suggested that infection could contribute to FTLS. Many tick-transmitted microbial pathogens were tested for by PCR/RT-PCR and/or indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). However, only 8% (24/285) of samples collected from 2007 to 2010 tested positive for human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), suggesting that other pathogens could be involved. Here ... | 2011 | 22114553 |
| a novel bunyavirus in china. | | 2011 | 21879912 |
| Histone deacetylase 8 is required for centrosome cohesion and influenza A virus entry. | Influenza A virus (IAV) enters host cells by endocytosis followed by acid-activated penetration from late endosomes (LEs). Using siRNA silencing, we found that histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8), a cytoplasmic enzyme, efficiently promoted productive entry of IAV into tissue culture cells, whereas HDAC1 suppressed it. HDAC8 enhanced endocytosis, acidification, and penetration of the incoming virus. In contrast, HDAC1 inhibited acidification and penetration. The effects were connected with dramatic alt ... | 2011 | 22046129 |
| hemorrhagic fever caused by a novel bunyavirus in china: pathogenesis and correlates of fatal outcome. | background. hemorrhagic fever-like illness caused by a novel bunyavirus, huaiyangshan virus (hysv, also known as severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus [sftsv] and fever, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia syndrome [ftls]), has recently been described in china.methods. patients with laboratory-confirmed hysv infection who were admitted to union hospital or zhongnan hospital between april 2010 and october 2010 were included in this study. clinical and routine laboratory data were collected and blo ... | 2011 | 22144540 |
| bunyaviruses and the type i interferon system. | the family bunyaviridae contains more than 350 viruses that are distributed throughout the world. most members of the family are transmitted by arthopods, and several cause disease in man, domesticated animals and crop plants. despite being recognized as an emerging threat, details of the virulence mechanisms employed by bunyaviruses are scant. in this article we summarise the information currently available on how these viruses are able to establish infection when confronted with a powerful ant ... | 2009 | 21994579 |
| a novel bunyavirus causing fever and thrombocytopenia: more questions than answers. | | 2011 | 22220348 |