| allelochemicals in wheat (triticum aestivum l.): variation of phenolic acids in shoot tissues. | seven known phenolic acids implicated in wheat allelopathy were analyzed in a worldwide collection of 58 wheat accessions by gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (gc-ms-ms). chemical analysis showed that accessions differed significantly in the production of p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, syringic, trans-p-coumaric, cis-p-coumaric, trans-ferulic, and cis-ferulic acids in the shoots of 17-day-old wheat seedlings. the concentrations of p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, cis-p-coumaric, and cis-fe ... | 2001 | 11382058 |
| characterization of the rbcs multigene family in wheat: subfamily classification, determination of chromosomal location and evolutionary analysis. | to elucidate the evolution of a multigene family in plants, nucleotide sequences of members of the rbcs multigene family encoding the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in wheat were determined. five genomic clones containing rbcs sequences were isolated. the known members of the rbcs family of common wheat, including the clones reported here, were categorized into two classes (i and ii), which, in turn, were classified into three (a, b and e) and two (c and d) subt ... | 2001 | 11370863 |
| high temperature stress increases the expression of wheat leaf ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase protein. | the effect of high temperature stress on the expression of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) activase was examined in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves, which normally possess 46- and 42-kda activase forms. heat stress at 38 degrees c significantly reduced total activase mrna levels compared to controls, and recovery of activase transcription was only marginal 24 h after alleviating heat stress. in contrast to transcript abundance, immunoblot analysis indicated that hea ... | 2001 | 11368350 |
| accumulation of cd and pb in spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in calcareous soil irrigated with wastewater. | | 2001 | 11353377 |
| possible involvement of protein phosphorylation in aluminum-responsive malate efflux from wheat root apex. | in many plants, efflux of organic anions from roots has been proposed as one of the major al resistance mechanisms. however it remains unknown how plants regulate efflux of organic anions in response to al. in this study, the regulatory mechanisms of al-responsive malate efflux in wheat (triticum aestivum) were characterized focusing on the role of protein phosphorylation. al-resistant wheat (cv atlas) initiated malate efflux at 5 min after addition of al, and this response was sensitive to temp ... | 2001 | 11351103 |
| physiological basis of reduced al tolerance in ditelosomic lines of chinese spring wheat. | aluminum tolerance was assessed in the moderately al-tolerant wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar chinese spring and a set of ditelosomic lines derived from chinese spring. three ditelosomic lines lacking chromosome arms 4dl, 5as and 7as, respectively, exhibited decreased al tolerance relative to the euploid parent chinese spring based on reduced root growth in al-containing solutions. the physiological basis of the reduced al tolerance was investigated. measurements by inductively coupled arg ... | 2001 | 11346958 |
| identification of wheat flour allergens by means of 2-dimensional immunoblotting. | wheat flour proteins are allergens for 60% to 70% of bakers with workplace-related respiratory symptoms. | 2001 | 11344361 |
| production of wheat doubled haploids by pollination with job's tears (coix lachryma-jobi. l.). | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) haploids were produced by crossing with job's tears (coix lachryma-jobi l.) as the pollen parent. pollination was followed by 2,4-d treatment, detached tiller culture, and embryo culture, as described for maize pollination. the frequency of embryo formation was similar to that obtained by crossing wheat with maize pollen. job's tears is a perennial plant which forms several stalks and its pollen can be collected throughout the year when the plant is maintained in a c ... | 2002 | 11336235 |
| categories of resistance to greenbug (homoptera: aphididae) biotype i in aegilops tauschii germplasm. | categories of resistance to greenbug, schizaphisgraminum (rondani), biotype i, were determined in goatgrass, aegilops tauschii (coss.) schmal., accession 1675 (resistant donor parent), 'wichita' wheat, triticum aestivum l., (susceptible parent), and an ae. tauschii-derived resistant line, '97-85-3'. antibiosis was assessed using the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of greenbugs confined to each of the three genotypes. neither parent nor the resistant progeny expressed antibiosis. mean rm values f ... | 2001 | 11332854 |
| chromosome healing by addition of telomeric repeats in wheat occurs during the first mitotic divisions of the sporophyte and is a gradual process. | alien gametocidal chromosomes cause extensive chromosome breakage prior to s-phase in the first mitotic division of gametophytes lacking the alien chromosome. the broken chromosomes may be healed either by addition of telomeric repeats in the gametophyte or undergo fusions to form dicentric or translocation chromosomes. we show that dicentric chromosomes undergo breakage fusion-bridge (bfb) cycles in the first few mitotic divisions of the sporophyte, are partially healed before the germ line dif ... | 2001 | 11321369 |
| induction of vacuolar atpase and mitochondrial atp synthase by aluminum in an aluminum-resistant cultivar of wheat. | two 51-kd aluminum (al)-induced proteins (rmp51, root membrane proteins of 51 kd) were recently discovered in an aluminum-resistant cultivar of wheat (triticum aestivum) cv pt741 (basu et al., 1994a). these proteins segregate with the aluminum resistance phenotype in a segregating population arising from a cross between al-resistant cv pt741 and al-sensitive cv katepwa (taylor et al., 1997). the proteins have been purified by continuous elution electrophoresis and analyzed by peptide microsequen ... | 2001 | 11299386 |
| pea legumin overexpressed in wheat endosperm assembles into an ordered paracrystalline matrix. | legumin, a major component of pea seed storage vacuoles, is synthesized by a number of paralogous genes. the polypeptides are cleaved posttranslationally and can form mixed hexamers. this heterogeneity hampers structural studies, based on the production of hexamer crystals in vitro. to study a single type of homogenous legumin we produced pea legumin a in transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm where prolamins are predominant and only small amounts of globulins accumulate in separate incl ... | 2001 | 11299354 |
| targeted development of informative microsatellite (ssr) markers. | we describe a novel approach, selectively amplified microsatellite (sam) analysis, for the targeted development of informative simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. a modified selectively amplified microsatellite polymorphic loci assay is used to generate multi-locus ssr fingerprints that provide a source of polymorphic dna markers (sams) for use in genetic studies. these polymorphisms capture the repeat length variation associated with ssrs and allow their chromosomal location to be determined ... | 2001 | 11292858 |
| sequence-tagged microsatellite profiling (stmp): a rapid technique for developing ssr markers. | we describe a technique, sequence-tagged microsatellite profiling (stmp), to rapidly generate large numbers of simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers from genomic or cdna. this technique eliminates the need for library screening to identify ssr-containing clones and provides an approximately 25-fold increase in sequencing throughput compared to traditional methods. stmp generates short but characteristic nucleotide sequence tags for fragments that are present within a pool of ssr amplicons. these ... | 2001 | 11292857 |
| [prospective research on the duality between morphological traits and plant competitive capacity: the case of weed species and wheat]. | competitive abilities of plants were interpreted by measuring their morphological traits in interspecific competitive cultivation conditions. measurements were realised by a comparative approach with interspecific cultivation of fourteen arable weeds growing with a domestic species cultivated at a large scale: the winter wheat (triticum aestivum var darius). results show that arable weeds characterised by an important biomass and allocation of biomass to the stems are responsible for a decrease ... | 2001 | 11291313 |
| identification of barley and rye varieties using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry with neural networks. | cereal varieties are normally identified using time-consuming methods such as visual examination of either the intact grain or one-dimensional electrophoretic patterns of the grain storage proteins. a fast method for identification of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties has previously been developed, which combines analysis of alcohol-soluble wheat proteins (gliadins) using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry with neural networks. here we have applied ... | 2001 | 11291123 |
| endosperm-specific activity of a storage protein gene promoter in transgenic wheat seed. | the characterization of the promoter of a wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. cheyenne high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw subunit) gene, glu-1d-1 is reported. the nucleotide sequence of the promoter from position -1191 to -650 with respect to the transcription start site was determined, to add to that already determined. analysis of this region of the promoter revealed the presence of an additional copy of part of the primary enhancer sequence and sequences related to regulatory elements pres ... | 2001 | 11283168 |
| molecular cytogenetic analysis of dna sequences with flanking telomeric repeats in triticum aestivum cv. begra. | a cloned genomic dna fragment (pta241) formerly derived from a dna fraction obtained from isolated nuclei of embryos of a polish cultivar of wheat (triticum aestivum cv. begra) comprises a tandem repeat of the telomeric array ccctaaa, and hybridizes in situ exclusively to the telomeres of all chromosome arms of the somatic chromosome complement of wheat. a second cloned fragment (pta637) derived from the same fraction is 637 bp long, flanked by 28 bp of the same telomeric repeat unit, and hybrid ... | 2001 | 11269348 |
| characterization of oxalate oxidase and cell death in al-sensitive and tolerant wheat roots. | several genes including oxalate oxidase (oxo) are up-regulated in triticum aestivum l. root tips exposed to al. to better understand the function of oxo during al exposure, the protein level and enzyme activity were measured. the data indicate that both oxo protein and activity are increased proportionally to the level of root growth inhibition (rgi). a high level of oxo expression may result in excess h(2)o(2) production which could become toxic and induce cell death. however, the timing of h(2 ... | 2001 | 11266584 |
| malate-permeable channels and cation channels activated by aluminum in the apical cells of wheat roots. | aluminum (al(3+))-dependent efflux of malate from root apices is a mechanism for al(3+) tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum). the malate anions protect the sensitive root tips by chelating the toxic al(3+) cations in the rhizosphere to form non-toxic complexes. activation of malate-permeable channels in the plasma membrane could be critical in regulating this malate efflux. we examined this by investigating al(3+)-activated channels in protoplasts from root apices of near-isogenic wheat differ ... | 2001 | 11244125 |
| comparison of starch-branching enzyme genes reveals evolutionary relationships among isoforms. characterization of a gene for starch-branching enzyme iia from the wheat genome donor aegilops tauschii. | genes and cdnas for starch-branching enzyme ii (sbeii) have been isolated from libraries constructed from aegilops tauschii and wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm, respectively. one class of genes has been termed wsbeii-da1 and encodes the n terminus reported for an sbeii from wheat endosperm. on the basis of phylogenetic comparisons with other branching enzyme sequences, wsbeii-da1 is considered to be a member of the sbeiia class. the wsbeii-da1 gene consists of 22 exons with exons 4 to 21 bei ... | 2001 | 11244112 |
| differential response of antioxidant enzymes in leaves of necrotic wheat hybrids and their parents. | the leaves of necrotic hybrid of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) exhibited high superoxide content associated with increased lipid peroxidation and membrane damage in earlier studies (khanna-chopra et al. 1998, biochem biophys res commun 248: 712-715; dalal and khanna-chopra 1999, biochem biophys res commun 262: 109-112). in the present study, we investigated the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of necrotic wheat hybrids, kalyansonaxc306 (kxc) and wl711xc306 (wlxc) and their pare ... | 2001 | 11240913 |
| physical location of homoeologous groups 5 and 6 molecular markers mapped in triticum aestivum l. | in situ hybridization was used to map 21 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) probes to linkage groups 5 and 6 of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell.) in order to compare physical distances and genetic distances between adjacent markers. all 21 probes hybridized to the corresponding homoeologous chromosome arms. the linear order and linkage relationships among the dna probes on the in situ-based physical maps were generally the same as those on the rflp-based genetic maps. ... | 2006 | 11218081 |
| tracking individual wheat microspores in vitro: identification of embryogenic microspores and body axis formation in the embryo. | the development of isolated, defined wheat microspores undergoing in vitro embryogenesis has been followed by cell tracking. isolated wheat (triticum aestivum l.). microspores were immobilized in sea plaque agarose supported by a polypropylene mesh at a low cell density and cultured in a hormone-free, maltose-containing medium in the presence of ovaries serving as a conditioning factor. embryogenesis was followed in microspores isolated from immature anthers of freshly cut tillers or from heat- ... | 2001 | 11216836 |
| alfalfa rapidly remediates excess inorganic nitrogen at a fertilizer spill site. | by 19%, standard remediation techniques had significantly reduced the concentration of nitrate nitrogen (no3- -n) in local ground water at the site of a 1989 anhydrous ammonia spill, but no3- -n concentrations in portions of the site still exceeded the public drinking water standard. our objective was to determine whether local soil and ground water quality could be improved with alfalfa (medicago sativa l.). a 3-yr study was conducted in replicated plots (24 by 30 m) located hydrologically upgr ... | 2013 | 11215664 |
| [development of triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa 6vs ditelosomic substitution line via phlb mutant]. | chinese spring phlb mutant (c s phlbphlb) was crossed to triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa 6v (6a) alien substitution line and f1 back was crossed with c. s phlbphlb. one lv 02 with varied h. villosa 6v chromosome and one lv 02-01 with 40 t. aestivum chromosome, one h. villosa 6v and 6vs chromosome were screened in bc1f1 and bc1f2 respectively by c-banding and the fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). in segregated generation of lv 02-01, eight t. aestivum-h. villosa 6vs ditelosomic subst ... | 2001 | 11209712 |
| [purification and biochemical characterization of high-molecular-weight-glutenin subunits 14 and 15]. | the high molecular weight glutenin subunits 14 and 15 were purified from cultivars of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) xiaoyan 6 by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) appled a new method for visualizing protein in gels. n-terminal amino acid sequences were homologous comparing with other high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits. the result suggested that they were basic protein analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis of ief(isoelectric focussing) x ... | 2001 | 11209711 |
| [studies of biochemical markers of four isonucleus-alloplasmic lines of common wheat]. | the peroxidase isozyme and the soluble peoteins of four isonucleus-alloplasmic lines of common wheat--d2-ca8057 (fertile, bc14), cms line msd2-ca8057(bc11), cms line msa-ca8057(bc12), ca8057 (nucleus donor) in different developmental stages were studies by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) and gradient sds-page respectively. the peroxidase isozyme of bionucleus-stage anther, milk-stage endosperm and the soluble proteins of bionucleus-stage anther, leaf (the beginning and ending overwinte ... | 2001 | 11209710 |
| [identification of the barley chromosome in wheat by gish and rflp]. | the barley chromosome in wheat was identified by genomic in situ hybridization (gish) in which biotin labelled total genomic dna of barley betzes was used as probe and the unlabelled total dna of common wheat chinese spring (cs) as blocking dna. a series of wheat materials were tested as follows: two disomic alien substitution and monosomic alien addition lines, 2n = 43; two monosomic alien substitution lines, 2n = 42; seven disomic alien substitution lines, 2n = 42. rflp probe psr131 on the sho ... | 2000 | 11209700 |
| effect of potassium (k) supply on the uptake of 137cs by spring wheat (triticum aestivum cv. tonic): a lysimeter study. | a lysimeter experiment was carried out on a relatively infertile soil to examine the effect of potassium fertiliser application on the uptake of radiocaesium by spring wheat. porous ceramic cups were used to obtain samples of soil solution. results showed that the uptake of radiocaesium by spring wheat was reduced by the addition of potassium. however this inhibitory effect was less marked at later stages of plant growth due to factors such as the spatial variability of potassium within the soil ... | 2000 | 11200972 |
| production and meiotic pairing behaviour of new hybrids of winter wheat (triticum aestivum) x winter barley (hordeum vulgare). | new winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) x winter barley (hordeum vulgare l.) hybrids produced using cultivated varieties (wheat 'martonvásári 9 krl'(mv9 krl) x barley 'igri', mv9 krl x 'osnova', 'asakazekomugi' x 'manas') were multiplied in tissue culture because of the high degree of sterility and then pollinated with wheat to obtain backcross progenies. meiotic analysis of the hybrids mv9 krl x 'igri' and 'asakazekomugi' x 'manas' and their in vitro regenerated progenies with the feulgen metho ... | 2000 | 11195337 |
| visualization of a- and b-genome chromosomes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) x jointed goatgrass (aegilops cylindrica host) backcross progenies. | wheat (triticum aestivum) and jointed goatgrass (aegilops cylindrica) can cross with each other, and their self-fertile backcross progenies frequently have extra chromosomes and chromosome segments, presumably retained from wheat, raising the possibility that a herbicide resistance gene might transfer from wheat to jointed goatgrass. genomic in situ hybridization (gish) was used to clarify the origin of these extra chromosomes. by using t. durum dna (aabb genome) as a probe and jointed goatgrass ... | 2000 | 11195336 |
| [characterization of a wheat-agropyron intermedium translocation line by sequential gish and fish]. | the chromosome constitution on h96276-2, which is a stable line derived from a sterile wheat-agropyron intermedium partial amphiploid zhong 3 cross to common wheat hui 75, was analyzed by sequential gish and fish. the results of gish using genomic dna of agropyron intermedium as probe showed that h96276-2 possessed 20 pairs of wheat chromosomes and one pair of translocation chromosomes of wheat and ag. intermedium. the translocated alien chromosome fragments located on the terminals of one pair ... | 2000 | 11192431 |
| [direct embryogenesis from protoplast of winter wheat]. | friable embryogenic calli were obtained on a modified n6 medium (nbd medium) from a winter wheat cultivar "jinghua no. 1" (triticum aestivum l. cv. jinghua no. 1) and were transferred to a modified ms liquid medium (msdl medium) to initiate embryogenic suspension cultures. protoplasts were isolated from the suspensions and cultured on a modified ms medium (msdp medium). the somatic embryoids were formed directly from the protoplasts and germinated into entire plants. the development of the somat ... | 2000 | 11191768 |
| [cytogenetic analysis of hybrids resistant to yellow rust and powdery mildew obtained by crossing common wheat (triticum aestivum l., aabbdd) with wheat of the timopheevi group (atatgg)]. | the karyotypes of 47 hybrid lines obtained from crosses of common wheat triticum aestivum l. (cv. rodina and line 353) with triticum timopheevii zhuk, (atatgg) and related species t. militinae zhuk. et migusch. (atatgg) and t. kiharae dorof. et migusch. (atatggdsqdsq) were analyzed by c-banding. most lines were resistant to yellow rust and powdery mildew. the introgression of alien genetic material to the common wheat genome was realized via substitutions of complete at-, g-, and d-genome chromo ... | 2000 | 11190474 |
| safe storage time of high moisture wheat. | deterioration rates were determined for 15-19% moisture content (m.c., wet basis) wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. 'barrie') stored at constant temperatures or with a step decrease in storage temperatures. deterioration rates were determined by measuring germination capacity of the grain and respiration rates of grain and microorganisms. safe storage time was defined as the time for germination to decrease to 90%. safe storage times of 19% m.c. wheat stored at constant temperatures ranged from 2. ... | 2001 | 11172866 |
| effect of spelt wheat flour and kernel on bread composition and nutritional characteristics. | spelt wheat seeds (triticum aestivum subsp. spelta cv. ostro) were used to obtain white spelt flour (64.5% yield), wholemeal spelt flour (100% yield), and scalded spelt wheat kernels. from these materials, white spelt wheat bread (wsb), wholemeal spelt wheat bread (wmsb), and spelt wheat bread with scalded spelt wheat kernels (sskb) were made and were compared to the reference white wheat bread (wwb). the spelt wheat flours and breads contained more proteins in comparison to wheat flour and brea ... | 2001 | 11170617 |
| prolamin aggregation, gluten viscoelasticity, and mixing properties of transgenic wheat lines expressing 1ax and 1dx high molecular weight glutenin subunit transgenes. | the composition of high molecular weight (hmw) subunits of glutenin determines the gluten strength and influences the baking quality of bread wheat. here, the effect of transgenes coding for subunits 1ax1 and 1dx5 was studied in two near-isogenic wheat lines differing in their hmw subunit compositions and mixing properties. the subunits encoded by the transgenes were overexpressed in the transformed lines and accounted for 50-70% of hmw subunits. overexpression of 1ax1 and 1dx5 subunits modified ... | 2001 | 11170604 |
| cloning and expression analyses of cdna encoding an adp-ribosylation factor from wheat: tissue-specific expression of wheat arf. | we isolated and characterized a cdna clone encoding a small gtp-binding protein, which has a high similarity to mammalian adp-ribosylation factor (arf), from a cdna library prepared from immature spikes of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the cdna contained an open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide of 181 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 20.7 kda. the deduced amino acid sequence showed a quite high homology to known arfs from other organisms. in particular, the wheat arf was c ... | 2001 | 11166441 |
| potassium/sodium selectivity in wheat and the amphiploid cross wheat x lophopyrum elongatum. | the early response of k(+) and na(+) net fluxes to different external nacl and kcl levels has been studied in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and the amphiploid cross wheat x lophopyrum elongatum (host) löve in culture solution experiments. we found that during the first 24 h of exposure to 100 or 200 mm nacl, at low k(+) levels, the amphiploid absorbed, translocated and allocated to the youngest leaf less na(+) than the wheat parental line. during that period, the amphiploid retained more k(+) tha ... | 2001 | 11166440 |
| high- and low-affinity zinc transport systems and their possible role in zinc efficiency in bread wheat. | there is considerable variability among wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars in their ability to grow and yield well in soils that contain very low levels of available zn. the physiological basis for this tolerance, termed zn efficiency, is unknown. we investigated the possible role of zn(2+) influx across the root cell plasma membrane in conferring zn efficiency by measuring short-term (65)zn(2+) uptake in two contrasting wheat cultivars, zn-efficient cv dagdas and zn-inefficient cv bdme-10. ... | 2001 | 11154353 |
| regulation of a wheat actin-depolymerizing factor during cold acclimation. | we have previously shown that the wheat (triticum aestivum) taadf gene expression level is correlated with the plants capacity to tolerate freezing. sequence analysis revealed that this gene encodes a protein homologous to members of the actin-depolymerizing factor (adf)/cofilin family. we report here on the characterization of the recombinant taadf protein. assays for adf activity showed that taadf is capable of sequestering actin, preventing nucleotide exchange, and inducing actin depolymeriza ... | 2001 | 11154343 |
| [studies of salt tolerance of alloplasmic wheat]. | using aegilops crassa cytoplasm wheat as test material, salt tolerance of alloplasmic wheat was identified by tissue culture, nutrient solution culture and artificial saline pond, from calli, seeding stage, recovering stage and mature period. the results showed ae. crassa cytoplasm lines indicated the difference of salt tolerance in varying degree; the difference of cytoplasm effect among different nucleoplasm combinations showed certain nucleoplasm interaction relation. the salt tolerance of (a ... | 2000 | 11147351 |
| [fluorescence in situ hybridization applied to the meiotic analysis and spontaneous chromosome translocation in the pollen mother cells of hybrids of triticum-haynaldia]. | fluorescence in situ hybridization was applied to the meiotic analysis and chromosome pairing in the pollen mother cells of hybrids of triticum-haynaldia. the results indicated that most (90.5%-93.2%) of the pmcs of two triticum-haynaldia hybrids contained two univalents involving one haynaldia chromosome at metaphase i, and only 1 of 320 pmcs with homologous pairing between one wheat chromosome and one haynaldia chromosome was observed in the hybrid of guinong 22 x common wheat chinese spring, ... | 2000 | 11147350 |
| temperature-dependent translational regulation of the er omega-3 fatty acid desaturase gene in wheat root tips. | the proportion of alpha-linolenic acid (18:3) among the total fatty acids in root tissue increases as the growth temperature decreases. endoplasmic reticulum omega-3 fatty acid desaturase is responsible for the production of most of the 18:3 in root tissue. in this study, the effect of temperature on expression of the tafad3 gene, which encodes endoplasmic reticulum omega-3 desaturase in wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. chihoku), was analysed at the mrna and protein levels. in wheat root tips gro ... | 2000 | 11135114 |
| new members of a cold-responsive group-3 lea/rab-related cor gene family from common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a cor (cold-responsive) cdna that belongs to the group-3 lea (late embryogenesis abundant)/rab (responsive to abscisic acid, aba) family was isolated from a winter-hardy cultivar of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). screening of a cold-acclimated cdna library was performed using an aba- and other stress-responsive barley cdna clone, hva1, as a probe. a wheat cdna clone (designated as wrab19) putatively encoded a basic (pi = 10.3) and hydrophobic protein with 179 amino acids. the deduced prote ... | 2000 | 11126566 |
| the strategy of the wheat plant in acclimating growth and grain production to nitrogen availability. | two cultivars of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were grown to maturity in hydroponic cultures. nitrogen accumulation was controlled by daily growth-limiting additions of nitrate together with all other nutrients in excess. six different curves of n accumulation were used, with the same relative changes from day to day, but with different amplitudes. these curves were obtained by using the same mathematic formula of the n accumulation curves but varying the value of initial n content. the to ... | 2000 | 11113170 |
| flow sorting of mitotic chromosomes in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the aim of this study was to develop an improved procedure for preparation of chromosome suspensions, and to evaluate the potential of flow cytometry for chromosome sorting in wheat. suspensions of intact chromosomes were prepared by mechanical homogenization of synchronized root tips after mild fixation with formaldehyde. histograms of relative fluorescence intensity (flow karyotypes) obtained after the analysis of dapi-stained chromosomes were characterized and the chromosome content of all pe ... | 2000 | 11102393 |
| changes of microsomal membrane properties in spring wheat leaves (triticum aestivum l.) exposed to enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation. | the properties of microsomal membranes in spring wheat leaves (triticum aestivum l. cv. ganlong no. 92-005) exposed to (0) control, 8.64 (t1) and 11.2 kj m(-2) day(-1) (t2) biologically effective uv-b irradiation (uv-b(be)) were studied under greenhouse conditions. these irradiance levels correspond to a decrease in the stratospheric ozone of approximately 12.5 and 20%, respectively, for a clear solstice day at lanzhou (36.04 degrees n, 1550 m), china. compared with controls, the content of malo ... | 2000 | 11100838 |
| occurrence and characterization of a udp-glucose:hydroxamic acid glucosyltransferase isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings. | cyclic hydroxamic acid glucosides are present at high concentrations immediately after germination in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). changes in the activity of udp-glucose:cyclic hydroxamic acid glucosyltransferase (ec 2.4.1.-) in wheat were investigated using the cyclic hydroxamic acids 2.4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (diboa) and its 7-methoxy derivative (dimboa) as sugar acceptors. glucosyltransferase activity on both substrates was detected in dry seeds, with activity increasing after imbib ... | 2009 | 11098819 |
| [analysis of isogenic lines of the soft wheat carrying dominant alleles of bg, hg, and rg1 genes using microsatellite and protein markers]. | to determine tight linkage between morphological and molecular markers of the first homologous group of chromosomes of common wheat, microsatellite analysis of six near-isogenic lines with marker dominant alleles controlling back color (bg; 1as) and hairy glume (hg; 1as) and two lines bearing the dominant alleles of the gene for red glume color (rgl; 1bs) was conducted. the component composition of gliadins in these lines was studied. tight linkage of bg, hg, and gli-a1 genes with a microsatelli ... | 2000 | 11094750 |
| [comparative genetic analysis of the hexaploid wheat triticum petropavlovskyi udasz. et migusch. and triticum aestivum l]. | a poorly studied species of hexaploid wheat triticum petropavlovskyi udacz. et migusch. was compared with common wheat triticum aestivum l. by means of monosomic and genetic analyses of f2 hybrids. triticum petropavlovskyi was found to carry 13 dominant genes determining its morphological and physiological characters and regular bivalent conjugation of chromosomes. these genes were allelic to the respective genes of common wheat and were located in the same chromosomes. the modes of gene interac ... | 2000 | 11094748 |
| activation of latent nucleolus organizers induced by experimental polyploidization in cells of hexaploid wheat triticum aestivum l. | the effect of prolonged colchicine-induced polyploidization on activation of latent nucleolus-organizing regions (nor) of chromosomes was studied in diploid meristematic cells and polyploid root cells of triticum aestivum l. it has been shown that control diploid and tetraploid cells have maximal number of nucleoli equal to four, which corresponds to the number of nucleolar chromosomes (nc) with active (visualized by staining with agno3) nor (two pairs of homologous chromosomes 1b and 6b). treat ... | 2000 | 11093578 |
| molecular cytogenetic analysis of intergeneric chromosomal translocations between wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and dasypyrum villosum arising from tissue culture. | fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) was applied with total genomic dna extracted from dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy as a probe to characterize chromosome translocations arising from tissue culture in hybrids of triticum aestivum x (t. durum - d. villosum, amphiploid). chromosome translocations between wheat and d. villosum occurred in callus cells at an average frequency of 1.9%. translocations existed not only in callus cells but also in regenerants. three plants with translocation chr ... | 2000 | 11081964 |
| identification of aflp markers on the satellite region of chromosome 1bs in wheat. | the satellite region on the short arm of chromosome 1b in wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6x = 42) carries many agronomically important genes; i.e., genes conferring fungal disease resistance, seed storage proteins, and fertility restoration. to find molecular markers located on the satellite region, we applied the fluorescent aflp (amplified fragment length polymorphism) technique to aneuploids and deletion stocks of the cultivar t. aestivum 'chinese spring'. out of 6017 fragments amplified w ... | 2000 | 11081961 |
| subgenome chromosome walking in wheat: a 450-kb physical contig in triticum monococcum l. spans the lr10 resistance locus in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | for many agronomically important plant genes, only their position on a genetic map is known. in the absence of an efficient transposon tagging system, such genes have to be isolated by map-based cloning. in bread wheat triticum aestivum, the genome is hexaploid, has a size of 1.6 x 10(10) bp, and contains more than 80% of repetitive sequences. so far, this genome complexity has not allowed chromosome walking and positional cloning. here, we demonstrate that chromosome walking using bacterial art ... | 2000 | 11078510 |
| [the effect of extracts from rhododendron aureum georgi and artemisia yacutica drod. on wheat root meristem cells division]. | a study was made of the action of extracts from two yakutian plant species in the course of mitosis in the rootlet meristemic tissue in germs of the local variety of common wheat. the examined extracts contain a large amount of biologically active substances and colchicine-like compounds causing (at certain dilutions) the increase in mitotic activity of the meristemic tissue in wheat germs, with simultaneous augmentation of the number of abnormal cells in mitosis, which well compares with the ac ... | 2000 | 11077680 |
| desiccation stress of entomopathogenic nematodes induces the accumulation of a novel heat-stable protein. | the present study describes a novel heat-stable, water-stress-related protein with a molecular mass of 47 kda (designated desc47) in the entomopathogenic nematode steinernemafeltiae (is-6). the protein was accumulated about 10-fold (from 7.84 +/- 1.85 to 74.09 +/- 4.35 % relative content level [rcl]) in dehydrated clumps of infective juveniles (ijs), which had lost 344.% of their initial water content (from 65.1 +/- 1.7% to 427 +/- 0.72%) in a desiccation-tolerance-inducing treatment (97% relati ... | 2000 | 11072904 |
| recombination in an isochromosome preferentially occurs between cis isochromatids. | an isochromosome has identical arms attached to the same centromere. at the pachytene stage of meiosis, it has four isochromatids and recombination can occur either between cis isochromatids (attached to the same half-centromere) or trans isochromatids (attached to different half-centromeres). normally such recombination cannot be detected because all four chromatids are homogenetic (arose from misdivision of a centromere to which genetically identical sister chromatids were attached). we isolat ... | 2000 | 11072794 |
| [high efficient intergeneric chromosomal translocations between wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and dasypyrum villosum arising from tissue culture and irradiation]. | intergeneric chromosomal translocations were discernable both in callus cells and in regenerants arising from crosses between triticum aestivum and t. durum-dasypyrum villosum amphiploid c.v. th1 and th1w by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization. there were not only reciprocal translocations, but small fragment translocations. the results proved again the feasibility of creating intergeneric translocations via tissue culture. irradiation facilitated numerical and structural chromosome chan ... | 2000 | 11057047 |
| [studies of development of disomic addition lines of triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa via aabbdddd octaploid]. | hexaploid hybrid between triticum aestivum-aegilops squarrosa (2n = 8x = 56, aabbdddd) octaploid and triticum durum-haynaldia villosa (2n = 6x = 42, aabbvv) was self pollinated. the putitative t. aestivum-h. villosa 6v and 2v addition lines were creened by c-banding in f4 and chromosome configurations of pmc at mi were 0.14i + 20.42ii + 1.50ii and 0.10 i + 20.07ii + 1.82ii, respectively. genomic dna of 95-7 and 26-7 were digested by ecori, and southern bloting was employed using group 6 probe ps ... | 2000 | 11057046 |
| [the chromosome-specific pcr marker's screening and identification of barley 6h chromosome]. | two barley 6h chromosome specific rapd markers were obtained by screening dna of barley hordeum vulgare (betzes) and wheat-barley 6h addition line with 200 primers, then the rapd markers were changed into specific pcr markers. checking different plant materials by the pcr markers, it revealed that there was a specific band in those materials containing 6h chromosome such as betzes, igri, cs6h, and there was no specific band if the material did not contain 6h chromosome, such as triticum aestivum ... | 2000 | 11055124 |
| dynamics of structural and functional association of nucleolar chromosomes in cells of the hexaploid wheat triticum aestivum l. at different stages of the cell cycle and during genome polyploidization. | quantitative analysis of interphase association of the nucleolar chromosomes at different stages of the cell cycle and during genome polyploidization was carried out. cells of various tissues of hexaploid wheat triticum aestivum l. (moskovskaya-35) were used, including diploid root meristematic cells, endopolyploid root cells, triploid endosperm cells and antipodal cells with polytene chromosomes. interphase nucleoli impregnated with silver or stained with autoimmune antibodies to 53 kda nucleol ... | 2000 | 11051079 |
| [change in the reaction of the antioxidant system of wheat sprouts after uv-irradiation of seeds]. | the response of the antioxidant system of sprouts of wheat triticum aestivum l. to preliminary irradiation of seeds with uv light was studied. the dependence of lipid peroxidation and the extent of antioxidant activity on the duration of irradiation was studied. it was shown that low doses of uv radiation (5-15 min) stimulate the antioxidant protection of green wheat sprouts grown for eight days. increasing the irradiation time to 30-60 min leads to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation by the an ... | 2013 | 11040985 |
| [rapd-pcr analysis of the variability of spring common wheat cultivar genomes and their androclinal double haploid form]. | based on rapd-pcr analysis with 15 primers including those homologous to particular loci, the level of genetic polymorphism in the collection of spring common wheat genotypes and their androclinal double haploid (adh) lines was determined. intraspecific polymorphism of the original wheat forms was 20%. by the absence of polymorphism in the molecular patterns of adh lines and original forms, it was shown that, under the conditions used, no genetic changes in the genomic dna of spring common wheat ... | 2000 | 11033779 |
| [effect of fusococcin on the genome of common wheat]. | the effect of fusicoccin on the common wheat genome (cv. mironovskaya 808) during early phases of seed germination was studied. it was shown that fusicoccin: (1) increased the number of cells with one or two nucleoli and decreased the proportion of cells containing three and four nucleoli; (2) enhanced the total volume of nucleoli per nucleus at a concentration of 0.68 mg/l; (3) did not activate additional rrna genes on chromosomes 1b and 6b; (4) did not activate the latent nucleolus organizer r ... | 2000 | 11033778 |
| gametocidal factor-induced structural rearrangements in rye chromosomes added to common wheat. | the gametocidal factor on the aegilops cylindrica chromosome 2cc was used to induce and analyze the nature of chromosomal rearrangements in rye chromosomes added to wheat. for this purpose we isolated plants disomic for a given rye chromosome and monosomic for 2cc and analyzed their progenies cytologically. rearranged rye chromosomes were identified in 7% of the progenies and consisted of rye deficiencies (4.6%), wheat rye dicentric and rye ring chromosomes (1.8%), and terminal translocations (0 ... | 2000 | 11032320 |
| isolation and characterization of cdnas encoding mitochondrial uncoupling proteins in wheat: wheat ucp genes are not regulated by low temperature. | uncoupling proteins (ucp) found in the inner mitochondrial membrane of mammals dissipate the proton electrochemical gradient across the inner membrane to produce heat rather than synthesize atp. using pcr-based methods, we isolated two novel cdna clones, whucp1a and whucp1b, that encode the mitochondrial uncoupling protein of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the cdna clones each contain one orf which can code for a protein of 286 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of about 30.5 kda, althou ... | 2000 | 11016840 |
| genetic induction of chromosomal rearrangements in barley chromosome 7h added to common wheat. | chromosome 2c of aegilops cylindrica induces chromosomal rearrangements in alien chromosome addition lines, as well as in euploid lines, of common wheat. to induce chromosomal rearrangements in barley chromosome 7h, reciprocal crosses were made between a mutation-inducing common wheat line that carries a pair of 7h chromosomes and one 2c chromosome and a 7h disomic addition line of common wheat. many shrivelled seeds were included in the progeny, which was an indication of the occurrence of chro ... | 2000 | 11007495 |
| the chromosomal distribution of phosphorylated histone h3 differs between plants and animals at meiosis. | plant (secale cereale, triticum aestivum) and animal (eyprepocnemis plorans) meiocytes were analyzed by indirect immunostaining with an antibody recognizing histone h3 phosphorylated at serine 10, to study the relationship between h3 phosphorylation and chromosome condensation at meiosis. to investigate whether the dynamics of histone h3 phosphorylation differs between chromosomes with a different mode of segregation, we included in this study mitotic cells and also meiotic cells of individuals ... | 2000 | 11007489 |
| intraspecific differences in physiological response of 20 wheat cultivars to enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation under field conditions. | field studies were conducted to determine the potential for alterations in physiology and the intraspecific variation in sensitivity of 20 wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars to enhanced ultraviolet-b (uv-b, 280-315 nm) radiation. the supplemental uv-b radiation was 5 kj m(-2), simulating a depletion of 20% stratospheric ozone. out of 20 wheat cultivars (from south china, north china and mexico) tested, 13 showed significant changes in total chlorophyll content. in most of these sensitive specie ... | 2000 | 10996362 |
| specific expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pdh) gene by salt stress in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | we isolated three kinds of full-length cdna clones for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pdh) from wheat. they showed over 80% sequence homology with potato and alfalfa at the amino acid level, suggesting that the genes are highly conserved in angiosperms. the lack of a plastidic signal sequence, as well as a higher transcript accumulation level in roots than leaves, suggested that the wheat cdna sequences encode the cytosolic isoform of the enzyme. genomic southern analysis revealed that the ... | 2000 | 10996244 |
| ph1 gene derived from aegilops speltoides induces homoeologous chromosome pairing in wide crosses of triticum aestivum. | the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the phi gene transferred from aegilops speltoides into bread wheat cultivar chinese spring (cs) in inducing homoeologous chromosome pairing in interspecific crosses using the chinese spring line, cs(phi), carrying the gene. chinese spring, as well as cs(phi), were crossed as female parents with three accessions of ae. kotschyi (uuss), one accession of secale cereale (rr), two amphiploids of triticum durum-ae. caudata (aabbcc), a ... | 2006 | 10994715 |
| antifungal compound, feruloylagmatine, induced in winter wheat exposed to a low temperature. | an antifungal compound, feruloylagmatine [1-(trans -4'-hydroxy-3'- methoxycinnamoylamino)-4-guanidinobutanel, was isolated from crowns of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv chihokukomugi). its structure was identified by nmr, ms and uv spectral analyses. it was also confirmed by an hplc analysis that the compound was induced in wheat by a low temperature. | 2000 | 10993146 |
| aeration management for stored hard red winter wheat: simulated impact on rusty grain beetle (coleoptera: cucujidae) populations. | simulation studies were conducted to determine temperature accumulations below defined thresholds and to show the impact of controlled aeration on populations of the rusty grain beetle, cryptolestes ferrigineus (stephens), a major secondary pest of stored wheat, triticum aestivum (l.). recorded data from weather stations in texas, oklahoma, kansas, eastern new mexico, and eastern colorado (356 total) were used to determine hours of temperature accumulation below 23.9 degrees c in june and july, ... | 2000 | 10985054 |
| barley allele-specific amplicons useful for identifying wheat-barley recombinant chromosomes. | barley (hordeum vulgare l.) is potentially a new source of genes for wheat (triticum aestivum l.) improvement. wheat-barley chromosome recombinant lines provide a means for introgressing barley genes to wheat genome by chromosome engineering, and since these are expected to occur only rarely in special cytogenetic stocks, an efficient selection skill is necessary to identify them. to convert rflp markers to barley allele-specific pcr markers useful for effective production of wheat-barley recomb ... | 2000 | 10984837 |
| phylogenetic relationships of five morphological groups of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell.) based on rapd analysis. | the genetic relationships among the five groups of hexaploid wheat: common, spelta, macha, vavilovii, and semi-wild wheat (sww) are not clear. random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was used to assess phylogenetic relationships among these five morphological groups of hexaploid wheat. rapd data were analyzed using the ntsys-pc computer program to generate jaccard genetic similarity coefficients. a dendrogram based on rapd analysis grouped 15 accessions into five distinct clusters. thes ... | 2000 | 10984187 |
| photosynthetic carbohydrate metabolism in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves: optimization of methods for determination of fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate. | the accurate measurement of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate from plants such as wheat is fraught with difficulty. extraction and assay methods for fructose 2,6-bisphosphate that give near 100% recovery of the metabolite, and a linear response with volume have therefore been developed for extracts prepared from wheat leaves of different ages. amounts of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in different regions of leaves generally showed a positive correlation with chlorophyll content. measurements of sucrose and ... | 2000 | 10948231 |
| two-dimensional electrophoresis of soluble leaf proteins, isolated from two wheat species (triticum durum and triticum aestivum) differing in sensitivity towards nacl. | plants of two wheat species (triticum aestivum cv. tanit and t. durum cv. ben bachir), differing in their sensitivity to nacl were cultivated in the presence or absence of 100 mm nacl for 21 days. soluble proteins extracted from leaves were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis in order to detect nacl-induced changes in the polypeptide patterns. in all, 500 spots were detected. results showed species-dependent differences. the greatest alterations in the polypeptide profiles following salt ... | 2000 | 10939462 |
| is there scope for improving balance between rubp-regeneration and carboxylation capacities in wheat at elevated co2? | carboxylation and rubp-regeneration capacities, which determine light-saturated photosynthetic rate, were analysed in leaves of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. minaret) grown under different atmospheric co2 partial pressure (pca) and n supply regimes. capacities were estimated from a large number of gas exchange, rubisco and atp-synthase content measurements, and from these, the pca at which the two capacities are equal was derived, to allow direct comparison with growth pca. acclimation ... | 2000 | 10938847 |
| uptake and retranslocation of leaf-applied cadmium (109cd) in diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheats. | uptake and retranslocation of leaf-applied radiolabeled cadmium (109cd) was studied in three diploid (triticum monococcum, aa), four tetraploid (triticum turgidum, bbaa) and two hexaploid (triticum aestivum, bbaadd) wheat genotypes grown for 9 d under controlled environmental conditions in nutrient solution. among the tetraploid wheats, two genotypes were primitive (ssp. dicoccum) and two genotypes modern wheats (ssp. durum). radiolabelled cd was applied by immersing the tips (3 cm) of mature le ... | 2000 | 10938828 |
| cytodifferentiation and transformation of embryogenic callus lines derived from anther culture of wheat. | three types of callus tissues established from anther culture of eleven doubled haploid (dh) lines of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were evaluated for their ability in enhancing friable embryogenic (type ii) culture differentiation and genetic transformation. differences between types of callus inocula were highly significant (p < 0.001), suggesting that the quality of the initial callus explant is of profound importance in encouraging the proliferation of type ii cultures. other factors found to ... | 2000 | 10938825 |
| pattern of aluminum-induced secretion of organic acids differs between rye and wheat. | al-induced secretion of organic acids from the roots has been considered as a mechanism of al tolerance, but the processes leading to the secretion of organic acids are still unknown. in this study, the secretion pattern and alteration in the metabolism of organic acids under al stress were examined in rye (secale cereale l. cv king) and wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv atlas 66). al induced rapid secretion of malate in the wheat, but a lag (6 and 10 h for malic and citric acids, respectively) bet ... | 2000 | 10938369 |
| a new flavone o-glycoside and other constituents from wheat leaves (triticum aestivum l.). | from leaves of triticum aestivum a new o-glycosylflavone has been isolated together with chlorogenic acid and its 3'-methyl ether and 6 c-glycosylflavones. the structure of the new flavonoid was determined by 1d and 2d nmr techniques and other spectral evidence as 5,7-dihydroxy-3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavone-7-o-beta-rutinoside. | 2009 | 10928543 |
| zinc deficiency-induced phytosiderophore release by the triticaceae is not consistently expressed in solution culture. | the effects of zinc (zn) and iron (fe) deficiencies on phytosiderophore (ps) exudation by three barley (hordeum vulgare l.) cultivars differing in zn efficiency were assessed using chelator-buffered nutrient solutions. a similar study was carried out with four wheat (triticum aestivum l. and t. durum desf.) cultivars, including the zn-efficient aroona and zn-inefficient durati. despite severe zn deficiency, none of the barley or wheat cultivars studied exhibited significantly elevated ps release ... | 2000 | 10923712 |
| molecular analyses of a repetitive dna sequence in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a repetitive sequence designated we35 was isolated from wheat genomic dna. this sequence consists of a 320-bp repeat unit and represents approximately 0.002% of the total wheat dna. it is unidirectionally distributed either continuously or discretely in the genome. ladder-like banding patterns were observed in southern blots when the wheat genomic dna was restricted with endonuclease enzymes ecori, hincii, ncii, and ndei, which is characteristic for tandemly organized sequences. two dna fragment ... | 2000 | 10902721 |
| a matrix attachment region is located upstream from the high-molecular-weight glutenin gene bx7 in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a 2.2-kb nucleotide sequence rich in at, located upstream from the bx7 allele of the high-molecular-weight glutenin glu-b1 locus in wheat (triticum aestivum cv. glenlea) was cloned following amplification by pcr. the 5' region of this sequence contains motifs typically found in matrix attachment regions (mars) in other plants. we have shown that part of the 2.2-kb dna binds to wheat nuclear matrix (nm) in vitro, at least as strongly as a known mar (adh1) from maize suggesting that there is a mar ... | 2000 | 10902712 |
| identification of rflp markers for resistance to wheat spindle streak mosaic bymovirus (wssmv) disease. | wheat spindle streak mosaic bymovirus (wssmv) causes an economically important disease of winter wheat in europe and north america. artificial inoculation with this virus to identify resistant wheat genotypes is difficult. this study was conducted to identify restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers associated with resistance to this disease. a population, consisting of 104 f5 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between hexaploid triticum aestivum cultivars 'geneva' (resistant) ... | 2000 | 10902711 |
| plant resistance components of two greenbug (homoptera: aphididae) resistant wheats. | several biotypes of the greenbug, schizaphis graminum (rondani), attack winter wheat, triticum aestivum l., on the southern plains every year. two wheat germplasm sources of resistance ('largo' and 'grs 1201') have been developed that provide protection against the three predominant greenbug biotypes (e, i, and k). each source has agronomic and end-use quality advantages and disadvantages for the breeder to consider in choosing a greenbug-resistant breeding line. we compared these two germplasms ... | 2000 | 10902362 |
| alterations in the genome of wheat seedlings grown under drought stress and the effect of gibberellic acid on these alterations. | the changes in the amount of nuclear, chloroplast and mithocondrial nucleic acids of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings in relation with drought stress and the effect of gibberellic acid (ga3) on these changes were investigated by spectrophotometric method. it was found that drought stress caused decrease in the amount of nucleic acids. in the seedlings to which ga3 was applied following drought stress, increase in the amount of nuclear nucleic acids (especially in the amount of labile dna, ... | 2015 | 10901062 |
| synthesis and herbicidal activity of n-oxide derivatives. | as part of an ongoing program on the chemistry and biological activity of n-oxide-containing molecules, a number of novel 1,2, 5-oxadiazole n-oxide, benzo[1,2-c]1,2,5-oxadiazole n-oxide, and quinoxaline n,n'-dioxide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their herbicidal activity. many of these compounds exhibited moderate to good herbicidal pre-emergence activity against triticum aestivum. dose-response studies were done on the more representative compounds (12, 20, and 26). the most ac ... | 2000 | 10898655 |
| [isolation and verification of triticum aestivum-eremopyrum orientale addition lines and substitution lines by gish]. | eremopyrum is a potential genus in wheat improvement. to breed t. aestivum-er. orientale additional and substitutional lines, chromosome number of 96 bc2f3 individuals were accounted. fifteen plants with 2n = 43 and eight plants with 2n = 44 were checked out. gish results of the individuals with 43 chromosomes showed that they blonged to three different monosomic additions. two disomic additions, one double-monosomic addition, one trible-monosomic addition and one monosomic addition were found i ... | 2000 | 10883540 |
| [studies of the development of triticum aestivum-leymus racemosus translocation lines by pollen irradiation]. | pollens of 94g15 and 94g45, two wheat lines added to chromosome lr.14 and lr.2 of leymus racemosus respectively were irradiated via 60co-gamma rays and then used to hybridize with two common wheat varieties--yangmai 5 and mianyang 11. the five plants showing chromosome pairing between t. aestivum and l. racemosus at pmc mi stage were selected from seventeen examined plants of m1 progeny as the result of meiosis configuration analysis of chromosomes treated with giemsa c-banding and fluorescent i ... | 2000 | 10883539 |
| [genetical effect of different rye chromosomes on the acid phosphatase (acph) secretion of common wheat roots under phosphorus starvation conditions]. | the effects of different rye chromosomes on acph secretion of common wheat roots under p starvation conditions were studied by using a set of chinese spring-imperial (cs-imp) alien addition lines as materials. the acph activity measurement results showed that p starvation is an induction factor for acph gene expression; different chromosomes of imperial rye in chinese spring background has different effects on the secretion of acph by corresponding addition line roots. among them, chromosome 1r ... | 2000 | 10883538 |
| the pathway of dephosphorylation of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate by phytases from wheat bran of triticum aestivum l. cv. nourin #61. | phytases are the primary enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of phytic acid, myo-inositol-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-hexakisphosphate (insp6). the pathway of hydrolysis of insp6 by phytase from wheat bran of triticum aestivum l. cv. nourin #61 is proved in this study. structures of the intermediates were established by a variety of nuclear magnetic resonance techniques (1h-, two-dimensional 1h-1h coupling-correlation spectra and two-dimensional 31p-1h correlation spectra), gas chromatography, and bioas ... | 2000 | 10879469 |
| [chromosomal location of the genes conferring the tolerance to phosphorus deficiency stress in lophopyrum elongatum genome] [in process citation] | identification and genetic analysis were conducted on the tolerance to phosphorus deficiency stress by using a set of alien disomic addition lines (da lines) and disomic substitution lines (ds lines) of common wheat chinese spring-lophopyrum elongatum (2n = 2x = 14, ee), a closely related wheat species. the results indicated that chromosomes 4e and 6e in l. elongatum may carry the genes conferring the tolerance to phosphorus deficiency stress with much stronger effect over the background parent ... | 1999 | 10876673 |
| [effects of a, d-genome chromosomes on photosynthetic carbonassimilation in common wheat] [in process citation] | photosynthetic traits of ditelosomic lines with a, d-genome in cs (chinese spring) were investigated in this paper. the both arms of 4a-chromosome have the positive effects on photosynthetic rate, active photosynthetic duration(apd), chlorophyll content and mesophyll conductance. the short arms of 1a and both arms of 6d also have positive effects on photosynthetic rate and apd. but the long arms of 4d have negative effects on photosynthetic rate, apd and rubpcase activity. the short arms of 2a, ... | 1999 | 10876670 |
| [molecular identification and marker-assisted selection of pm21 gene conferring resistance to powdery mildew in wheat] [in process citation] | rapd marker (oph17(1400)) and scar markers (scar1400 and scar1265) as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) technique were used to detect wheat powdery mildew resistance gene pm21 derived from haynaldia villosa (6al/6vs) in different genetic background of wheat breeding program. among a total of 372 rapd amplification reactions, 28 reactions (7.53%) yield no amplification products, and the amplification products of 21 reactions (5.64%) were difficult to interpret the presence or abse ... | 1999 | 10876669 |
| [studies of the genetic characters of four isonucleus-alloplasmic lines of common wheat] [in process citation] | nc-hybird d2-ca8057 with d2-type cytoplasm and the nucleus of common wheat ca8057, cytoplasmic male-sterile (cms) line msd2-ca8057 resulting from the variation of d2-type cytoplasm and cms line msa-ca8057 resulting from the variation of ca8057 cytoplasm were bred. the genetic characters of the four isonucleus-alloplasmic line were studied, and the main results are as follows: (1) there were good genetic effects of cytoplasms on productive and qualitative characters of common wheat, the alloplasm ... | 1999 | 10876667 |
| [effect of salt stress on respiration metabolism in higher plants]. | we studied the activity of nadp-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, catalase, and peroxidase as well as the rate of 14co2 release after introduction of labeled substrates for glycolysis and citrate acid cycle within 24 h after salt stress (1% nacl) in 10-14 days old germinants of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and maize (zea mays l.) as well as thallus of small duckweed (wolffia arrhiza (l.) hork ex wimmer). oscillations in the enzymes activity with 4 ... | 2016 | 10868056 |