| molecular analysis of the barley ( hordeum vulgare l.) gene encoding the protein kinase pkaba1 capable of suppressing gibberellin action in aleurone layers. | abscisic acid (aba) induces the expression of a gene encoding a protein kinase, pkaba1, in wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). transient expression of the cdna encoding this kinase suppresses the gibberellin (ga)-induced expression of alpha-amylase genes in barley ( hordeum vulgare l.) aleurone layers. we have cloned the cdna and genomic sequences for the barley pkaba1 (hvpkaba1) to further study its role in regulating the ga-inducible gene expression in barley seeds. the amino acid sequence deduced ... | 2002 | 12029482 |
| poultry litter ash as a potential phosphorus source for agricultural crops. | maryland will impose restrictions on poultry litter application to soils with excessive p by the year 2005. alternative uses for poultry litter are being considered, including burning as a fuel to generate electricity. the resulting ash contains high levels of total p, but the availability for crop uptake has not been reported. our objective was to compare the effectiveness of poultry litter ash (pla) and potassium phosphate (kp) as a p source for wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in acidic soils, wi ... | 2017 | 12026100 |
| wheat fkbp73 functions in vitro as a molecular chaperone independently of its peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. | peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (ppiases) catalyse protein folding by accelerating the slow step of cis-trans isomerisation of peptidyl-prolyl bonds. wheat (triticum aestivum l.) fkbp73 (wfkbp73) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase belonging to the fk506-binding protein (fkbp) family. it comprises three fkbp12-like domains, tetratricopeptide repeats and a calmodulin-binding domain (cambd). in vitro studies indicated that wfkbp73 possesses ppiase activity, binds calmodulin and forms a h ... | 2002 | 12012248 |
| a new biochemical marker for aluminium tolerance in plants. | al was shown to elicit the induction of several pathogenesis-related genes, suggesting that a common signalling pathway may be involved in the early response to al and pathogens. however, we found no evidence of oxidative burst involving either h2o2 or o2- during the first hours of al exposure distinguishing the early response to al from a common response to pathogen infection. we identified a strong superoxide dismutase insensitive nitro blue tetrazolium (nbt) reduction activity in the root tip ... | 2002 | 12010470 |
| puroindolines: the molecular genetic basis of wheat grain hardness. | the variation in grain hardness is the single most important trait that determines end-use quality of wheat. grain texture classification is based primarily on either the resistance of kernels to crushing or the particle size distribution of ground grain or flour. recently, the molecular genetic basis of grain hardness has become known, and it is the focus of this review. the puroindoline proteins a and b form the molecular basis of wheat grain hardness or texture. when both puroindolines are in ... | 2017 | 11999840 |
| detection of grain protein content qtls across environments in tetraploid wheats. | grain protein content (gpc) is an important quality factor in both durum and bread wheats. gpc is considered to be a polygenic trait influenced by environmental factors and management practice. the objectives of this study were both to compare the quantitative trait loci (qtl) for gpc in a population of 65 recombinant inbred lines of tetraploid wheats evaluated in three locations for several years (eight data sets), and to investigate the genetic relationship among gpc and grain yield. qtls were ... | 2017 | 11999838 |
| effects of aluminum on physiological metabolism and antioxidant system of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the al-tolerant cultivar tam202 and the al-sensitive cultivar tam 105 of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were exposed to 0, 50, 75, 100 or 150 microm of al. the absorption of al by wheat, the growth of root, several key enzymes concerned with c, n and p metabolism, as well as key constituents of antioxidant system, were investigated. the results showed that tam105 absorbed more al than tam202 and its root growth (presented by the length) was inhibited more severely. the root growth was most ... | 2002 | 11996140 |
| wheat grass juice in the treatment of active distal ulcerative colitis: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. | the use of wheat grass (triticum aestivum) juice for treatment of various gastrointestinal and other conditions had been suggested by its proponents for more than 30 years, but was never clinically assessed in a controlled trial. a preliminary unpublished pilot study suggested efficacy of wheat grass juice in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (uc). | 2002 | 11989836 |
| [effects of soil ph value on the bioavailability and fractionation of rare earth elements in wheat seedling (triticum aestivum l.)]. | the effect of soil ph value on the bioavailability and fractionation of rare earth elements (rees) in wheat seedling (triticum aestivum l.) were investigated. the results showed that the concentration of rees in wheat decreased with increasing ph value, and their inter-relationship was best expressed as quadratic equation, with correlation coefficients from 0.6003 to 0.9572. the response of individual elements to ph value change tended to be ce > la > nd > sm > gd > yb > eu, with ce most sensiti ... | 2002 | 11987417 |
| characterisation of mildew resistant wheat-rye substitution lines and identification of an inverted chromosome by fluorescent in situ hybridisation. | seven different mildew resistant wheat lines derived from crosses between triticale and bread wheat were examined by molecular cytogenetics and chromosome c-banding in order to determine their chromosomal composition. genomic in situ hybridisation (gish) showed the presence of rye germplasm in all the lines and identified three substitution lines, three double substitution lines and one addition-substitution line. c-banding identified rye chromosomes 1r and 4r in the addition-substitution line, ... | 2002 | 11986870 |
| [structural changes of 4v chromosome of haynaldia villosa induced by gametocidal chromosome 3c of aegilops triuncialis]. | chromosome 3c of aegilops triuncialis was discovered with ability to be transferred preferentially in the case of its monosomic status in wheat background, whereas, those gametes without 3c would result in chromosome structural changes including deletions and translocations. in the present study, triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa substitution line 4v(4d) developed in our laboratory, was crossed to t. aestivum c.v. norin 26-aegilops triuncialis 3c addition line, and the hybrids f1 were then bac ... | 2002 | 11985271 |
| [development of triticum aestivum-leymus racemosus translocation lines nau601 and nau618 and their test-cross analysis with double ditelosomic]. | two triticum aestivum-leymus racemosus disomic translocation lines were selected and identified from irradiated progenies of t. aestivum-l. racemosus addition lines lr. 2 and lr. 7 by somotic chromosome c-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization by using l. racemosus genomic dna as probe. nau618 (ms142-3), 2n = 44, is a disomic addition translocation line with a pair of translocated chromosome consisting of 5/6 length of l. racemosus chromosome lr. 7 (including centromere) and 1/3 distal p ... | 2002 | 11985270 |
| nitrate reductase from winter wheat leaves is activated at low temperature via protein dephosphorylation. | the effect of short-term low temperature treatment on nitrate reductase (nr, ec 1.6.6.1) activity, nr protein and nr transcript levels in excised leaves of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. sadovo-1) was investigated. nr activity, measured in the presence of mg2+ (nract), doubled within 2 h at 4 degrees c, whereas nr activity, measured in the presence of edta (nrmax), did not respond to the cold treatment. such an activation of nr occurred only if leaves were exposed to low temperature in t ... | 2002 | 11982936 |
| on the hormonal regulation of ovary development in wheat triticum aestivum. | | 2016 | 11977245 |
| [study of the backcross progeny of barley-wheat hybrids by the rapd and rampo methods]. | the genomes of alloplasmic wheat lines were analyzed by pcr-based methods: random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and random amplified microsatellite polymorphism (rampo). lines l-16(1) and l-17(2) were obtained by three backcrosses and line l-79(10), by four backcrosses of the barely-wheat hybrid hordeum vulgare (2n = 14) (variety nepolegayuschii) x triticum aestivum (2n = 42) (variety saratovskaya 29) with different common wheat varieties. these lines proved to be euploid (2n = 42). the aneup ... | 2002 | 11963561 |
| vernalization-induced changes of the dna methylation pattern in winter wheat. | vernalization is a cold treatment that induces or accelerates flowering and insures that temperate-zone plants will not flower until after winter. there is evidence that vernalization results in dna demethylation that induces flowering. differences in dna methylation can be determined using methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps). methylation-sensitive aflps utilize restriction enzyme isoschizomers that are differentially sensitive to methylation, producing polymorp ... | 2002 | 11962622 |
| [conjugation of the 1bl/1rs translocation with qualitative and quantitative traits in the common wheat t.aestivum]. | the review considers the effect of the rye 1bl/1rs translocation in the common wheat genome on qualitative and quantitative traits: grain quality, resistance to diseases, productivity and adaptivity, parthenogenesis, regeneration in anther culture, frequency of chromosome aberrations and frequency of cross-pollination. data on special features of transmission of the 1bl/1rs translocation through male and female gametes are presented. | 2015 | 11944320 |
| [chromosomal localization of a gamete-killing gene in a wheat line]. | monosomic analysis revealed that a gametocidal gene in a common wheat line derivative from aegilops speltoides is located on chromosome 2b. this gene induces semisterility, low level of chromosome breaks, shriveled seeds, and endosperm degeneration. the obtained data indicate that the localized gene is allelic to well known gametocidal genes gc1a and gc1b. | 2008 | 11944309 |
| changes in mass and energy transfer between the canopy and the atmosphere: model development and testing with a free-air co2 enrichment (face) experiment. | the rationale for this study is found in the probable higher temperatures and changes in rainfall patterns that are expected in the future as a result of increasing levels of co2 in the atmosphere. in particular, higher air temperatures may cause an increase in evapotranspiration demand while a reduction in rainfall could increase the severity and duration of drought in arid and semi-arid regions. representation of the water transfer scheme includes water uptake by roots and the interaction betw ... | 2002 | 11931099 |
| activation of polyphenol oxidase in extracts of bran from several wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars using organic solvents, detergents, and chaotropes. | polyphenol oxidase (ppo), known to induce browning in wheat-based products, has been shown to be activatable in wheat (triticum aestivum) bran extracts by chemical compounds. the activity in the extracts could be increased to varying degrees with acetone, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and n-butanol as additives in the extraction buffer. the most potent alcoholic activator was n-butanol (about a 3-fold increase), followed by 2-propanol and ethanol, whereas methanol had the least effect. ionic de ... | 2002 | 11929305 |
| temperature acclimation of photosynthesis and related changes in photosystem ii electron transport in winter wheat. | winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv norin no. 61) was grown at 25 degrees c until the third leaves reached about 10 cm in length and then at 15 degrees c, 25 degrees c, or 35 degrees c until full development of the third leaves (about 1 week at 25 degrees c, but 2-3 weeks at 15 degrees c or 35 degrees c). in the leaves developed at 15 degrees c, 25 degrees c, and 35 degrees c, the optimum temperature for co(2)-saturated photosynthesis was 15 degrees c to 20 degrees c, 25 degrees c to 30 degree ... | 2002 | 11891263 |
| an application of linear regression technique for predicting bulgur yield and quality of wheat cultivars. | grains of 26 turkish wheat cultivars and advanced breeding lines were used in this study. simple correlations between a number of quality parameters to predict bulgur yield and bulgur cooking quality were determined. highly significant correlations between bulgur yield and each of the thousand-kernel weight and the sum of the grain over 2.8 + 2.5 mm sieves were obtained for both durum and bread wheat samples (p < 0.01). the regression equations showed that the models involving two variables (the ... | 2002 | 11890049 |
| ecological toxicity of reactive x-3b red dye and cadmium acting on wheat (triticum aestivum). | ecological toxicity of reactive x-3b red dye and cadmium in both their single form and their combined form on wheat was studied using the experimental method of seed and root exposure. the single-factor exposure indicated that the inhibitory rate of wheat root elongation was significantly increased with the increase in the concentration of the dye in the cultural solution, although seed germination of wheat was not sensitive to the dye. the toxicity of cadmium was greatly higher than that of the ... | 2002 | 11887311 |
| synergistic action of ultraviolet-b radiation and cadmium on the growth of wheat seedlings. | the increase in ground level uv-b radiation as a result of stratospheric ozone depletion may have major deleterious effects on crop photosynthesis and productivity. plants are exposed to uv-b and other xenobiotics simultaneously in today's industrialized world. the present studies were undertaken to see the effect of dual stress of uv-b and cd2+ exposure on the growth of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. the plants grown in 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 ppm cd2+-supplemented medium were exp ... | 2002 | 11886182 |
| beneficial effects of humic acid on micronutrient availability to wheat. | humic acid (ha) is a relatively stable product of organic matter decomposition and thus accumulates in environmental systems. humic acid might benefit plant growth by chelating unavailable nutrients and buffering ph. we examined the effect of ha on growth and micronutrient uptake in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown hydroponically. four root-zone treatments were compared: (i) 25 micromoles synthetic chelate n-(4-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (c10h18n2o7) (hedta at 0.25 mm c); (ii) ... | 2015 | 11885604 |
| the sugary-type isoamylase in wheat: tissue distribution and subcellular localisation. | to gain an increased understanding of the role of isoamylase (ec 3.2.1.68) in amylopectin synthesis, we studied the tissue-specific distribution and subcellular localisation of this enzyme in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). a cdna for wheat isoamylase was isolated from an endosperm-specific library and the missing 5' end was amplified by anchored polymerase chain reaction. isoamylase transcripts were detected in reproductive and vegetative tissues, with the highest levels occurring in developing k ... | 2002 | 11882952 |
| occurrence of zearalenone-4-beta-d-glucopyranoside in wheat. | an lc-ms method was developed for the analysis of zearalenone-4-beta-d-glucopyranoside and zearalenone in wheat (triticum aestivum). the limit of determination for zearalenone-4-beta-d-glucopyranoside and zearalenone was 10 microg/kg. the recovery rates were calculated to be 69% and 89% at a concentration of 100 microg/kg for zearalenone-4-beta-d-glucopyranoside and zearalenone, respectively. twenty-four bavarian wheat samples from a 1999 harvest were analyzed. zearalenone was present in 22 of 2 ... | 2002 | 11879067 |
| free radical scavenging properties of wheat extracts. | three hard winter wheat varieties (akron, trego, and platte) were examined and compared for their free radical scavenging properties and total phenolic contents (tpc). free radical scavenging properties of wheat grain extracts were evaluated by spectrophotometric and electron spin resonance (esr) spectrometry methods against stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical (dpph*) and radical cation abts*+ (2,2'-azino-di[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate]). the results showed that the three wheat extra ... | 2002 | 11879046 |
| cadmium and zinc interactions and their transfer in soil-crop system under actual field conditions. | the transfer of cd and zn from calcareous soils nearby a non-ferrous mining and smelting bases to the spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and corn (zea mays l.) tissues and the interactions between the two metals concerned were investigated under actual field conditions. samples of soils and entire crops were randomly collected during harvest time in 1998 in the baiyin region. the soil metal contents showed that the furrows had been polluted (mean values: 3.16 mg kg(-1) for cd; 146.78 mg kg(-1) ... | 2002 | 11874041 |
| a gene encoding multidrug resistance (mdr)-like protein is induced by aluminum and inhibitors of calcium flux in wheat. | a cdna clone exclusively induced by aluminum (al) was isolated from root apices of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by the differential display method. the predicted amino acid sequence exhibited homology to the multidrug resistance (mdr) proteins that is known as a member of the atp-binding cassette (abc) protein superfamily. thus this gene was named tamdr1 (triticum aestivum mdr). tamdr1 was induced as a function of al concentration in the range from 5 to 50 microm, which is in the range of al con ... | 2002 | 11867697 |
| in-situ comparative mapping (iscm) of glu-1 loci in triticum and hordeum. | the ability to detect small low- or single-copy dna sequences by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (fish) is an important step towards physical mapping of plant genomes. in this study, the fish technique was used to physically map the glu-1 loci controlling high-molecular weight (hmw) glutenin in common wheat (triticum aestivum cv. 'chinese spring') and tritordeum (an amphiploid between t. turgidum cv. durum and hordeum chilense). the probe used was the single-copy glu-d1-1d gene coding the 1dx ... | 2002 | 11863070 |
| adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase from wheat endosperm. purification and characterization of an enzyme with novel regulatory properties. | adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase (agpase; ec 2.7.7.27) was purified and characterized from two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) tissues: leaf and endosperm. the leaf enzyme, purified over 1,300-fold, was found to be a heterotetramer composed of subunits of 51 and 54 kda and possessing regulatory properties typical of agpases from photosynthetic tissues, being mainly regulated by 3-phosphoglycerate (activator; a0.5=0.01 mm) and orthophosphate (inhibitor; i0.5=0.2 mm). conversely, the enzyme from wheat e ... | 2002 | 11855648 |
| [generation of negative air ions by wheat seedlings in a high voltage electrization of soil]. | it was shown that plantlets of wheat (triticum vulgare) are capable of generating negative aeroions during the electrization of soil by high-voltage impulses. soil electrization was carried out either from the moment of planting of seeds or from the appearance of the first seedlings. the concentration of negative ions was measured in the air at a distance of 50 cm from plants. in both variants, similar growth-related changes in the concentration of negative ions were observed. the generation of ... | 2017 | 11855283 |
| pistillody, homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures, caused by nuclear-cytoplasm interaction in wheat. | homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures (pistillody) has been observed in a cytoplasmic substitution (alloplasmic) line of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cv. norin 26, which has the cytoplasm of a wild relative species, aegilops crassa l. on the other hand, an alloplasmic line of wheat cv. chinese spring (cs) with ae. crassa cytoplasm has normal flowers. this is due to the presence in the cs nucleus of a fertility-restoring gene, rfd1. deletion mapping analysis revealed that ... | 2002 | 11851918 |
| nitrogen assimilation and growth of wheat under elevated carbon dioxide. | simultaneous measurements of co(2) and o(2) fluxes from wheat (triticum aestivum) shoots indicated that short-term exposures to elevated co(2) concentrations diverted photosynthetic reductant from no(3)(-) or no(2)(-) reduction to co(2) fixation. with longer exposures to elevated co(2), wheat leaves showed a diminished capacity for no(3)(-) photoassimilation at any co(2) concentration. moreover, high bicarbonate levels impeded no(2)(-) translocation into chloroplasts isolated from wheat or pea l ... | 2002 | 11818528 |
| dynamics of the cytokinin content in different regions of the ovary in triticum aestivum l. and taraxacum officinale web. during the preparation of the ovicell for division. | | 2017 | 11813552 |
| o-glucosyltransferase activities toward phenolic natural products and xenobiotics in wheat and herbicide-resistant and herbicide-susceptible black-grass (alopecurus myosuroides). | herbicide safeners manipulate herbicide selectivity by enhancing the activities of detoxifying enzymes, such as glutathione transferases (gsts) and cytochrome p450 mono-oxygenases (cyps) in cereal crops. as part of a study examining the importance of o-glucosyltransferases (ogts) in pesticide metabolism in hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.), seedlings were grown in the presence of dichlormid, a safener used in maize and cloquintocet mexyl, a wheat safener. the efficacy of the treatment ... | 2002 | 11809449 |
| phytosiderophores influence on cadmium mobilization and uptake by wheat and barley plants. | a constant anthropogenic release of cadmium to the environment has resulted in a continuous buildup of cd in soils. uptake and accumulation of cd in plant tissue and in grains may lead to food chain transfer to humans. application of synthetic chelates was suggested to increase metal mobilization and facilitate phytoextraction as a means for the remediation of metal-polluted soils. however, most of the chelate-extracted metal may be leached rather than mobilized to plant roots. in contrast to th ... | 2013 | 11790018 |
| the detection, cloning, and characterisation of wis 2-1a retrotransposon-like sequences in triticum aestivum l. and xtriticosecale wittmack and an examination of their evolution in related triticeae. | retrotransposons and other mobile elements are major components of the repeated dna fraction in higher-plant genomes. they have undoubtedly played an important role in higher plant genome evolution. the present work details the detection and characterisation of a wis 2-1a related sequence in direct wheat relatives, and discusses the prevalence and evolution of its copy number in their genomes. an increase in copy number is detected when following the natural hybridisation processes that gave ris ... | 2001 | 11768225 |
| genotypic variation in tetraploid wheat affecting homoeologous pairing in hybrids with aegilops peregrina. | the ph1 gene has long been considered the main factor responsible for the diploid-like meiotic behavior of polyploid wheat. this dominant gene, located on the long arm of chromosome 5b (5bl), suppresses pairing of homoeologous chromosomes in polyploid wheat and in their hybrids with related species. here we report on the discovery of genotypic variation among tetraploid wheats in the control of homoeologous pairing. compared with the level of homoeologous pairing in hybrids between aegilops pere ... | 2001 | 11768203 |
| trace elements in western canadian hard red spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.): levels and quality assurance. | a monitoring program was conducted for trace elements in western canadian hard red spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.). samples were selected from harvest survey samples submitted by producers from crop districts in manitoba, saskatchewan, and alberta for 1996, 1997, and 1998 crops. the analytical quality control measures used in these surveys are described along with the results for cd, cu, fe, mn, se, and zn. accuracy and precision for the analyses fell within the acceptable control limits. ye ... | 2008 | 11767168 |
| [pot experiment on effect of clipping at seedling stage on spring wheat]. | pot experiment on the compensatory effects of spring wheat(triticum aestivum) at different clipping intensities (simulating herbivory) at seedling stage (three leaves) was conducted in semiarid region of gansu province. under two conditions of 60% and 90% of field water-holding capacity, spring wheat growth was stimulated by clipping at seedling stage, resulting in overcompensation in biological and economic yields, and with more compensation for heavy clipping than light clipping. the overcompe ... | 2000 | 11766596 |
| [effect of plastic film mulching on crop yield and nitrogen efficiency in semiarid areas]. | the effect of plastic film mulching, water storage in soil profile before sowing, and nitrogen fertilization on crop yield and nitrogen efficiency was examined in this paper. the study site was on the cultivated lossial soil in semiarid areas with 415 mm of annual rainfall and the test crop was spring wheat, triticum aestivum. in order to study the effect of plastic film mulching, 4 levels of mulching were designed, including mulching of 0, 30 and 60 days after sowing and mulching over the whole ... | 2001 | 11757362 |
| improving intrinsic water-use efficiency and crop yield. | greater yield per unit rainfall is one of the most important challenges in dryland agriculture. improving intrinsic water-use efficiency (w(t)), the ratio of co(2) assimilation rate to transpiration rate at the stomata, may be one means of achieving this goal. carbon isotope discrimination (delta(13)c) is recognized as a reliable surrogate for w(t) and there have now been numerous studies which have examined the relationship between crop yield and w(t) (measured as delta(13)c). these studies hav ... | 2002 | 11756262 |
| biplot analysis of diallel data. | diallel crosses have been used in genetic research to determine the inheritance of important traits among a set of genotypes and to identify superior parents for hybrid or cultivar development. conventional diallel analysis is limited to partitioning the total variation of the data into general combining ability (gca) of each genotype and specific combining ability (sca) of each cross. in this paper we formulate a biplot approach for graphical diallel analysis. the biplot is constructed by the f ... | 2002 | 11756249 |
| 5-azacytidine induces chromosomal breakage in the root tips of wheat carrying the cuckoo chromosome 4s(l) from aegilops sharonensis. | the cuckoo chromosome 4s(l) from aegilops sharonensis is preferentially transmitted when introduced by hybridization into common wheat, triticum aestivum. gametocidal (gc) factors carried in 4s(l) induce chromosome breakage in meiospores not containing them, ensuring their transmission to the progeny. chromosome breakage and break-fusion-bridge (bfb) cycles can also be observed during early embryo sac development of chromosome 4s(l) addition lines to wheat, often leading to the presence of dicen ... | 2001 | 11737296 |
| role of extracellular peroxidase in the superoxide production by wheat root cells. | extracellular peroxidase has been shown to contribute to superoxide production in wounded wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. ljuba) root cells. the superoxide-synthesizing system of root cells was considerably inhibited by kcn and nan3 and activated by mncl2 and h2o2. treatment of roots with salicylic acid and a range of di- and tri-carbonic acids (malic, citric, malonic, fumaric, and succinic acids) stimulated superoxide production in both root cells and extracellular solution. the h2o2-stimulated ... | 2001 | 11732329 |
| expression of a cold-responsive lt-cor gene and development of freezing tolerance during cold acclimation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | time-courses of the development of freezing tolerance and the expression of a cold-responsive gene wlt10 were monitored during cold acclimation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). bioassay showed that cold acclimation conferred much higher freezing tolerance on a winter cultivar than a spring cultivar. northern blot analysis showed that the expression of wlt10 encoding a novel wheat member of a cereal-specific lt-cor protein family was specifically induced by low temperature. a freezing-tolerant wi ... | 2001 | 11709586 |
| stable free radicals in ozone-damaged wheat leaves. | chlorophyll fluorescence measurements were performed on attached leaves of wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. cv. nandu) that were exposed to ambient air and to air supplemented with 80 and 120 nmol mol-1 ozone. decreases in the "current photochemical capacity" were observed that were dependent on both the ozone concentration and duration of exposure. electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectra on freeze-dried samples from the same batches of plants showed the presence of an unidentified stabl ... | 2001 | 11697202 |
| genetic and physical characterization of chromosome 4dl in wheat. | the long arm of chromosome 4d in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has been shown in previous studies to harbor genes of agronomic importance. a major dominant gene conferring aluminum (al) tolerance (alt2 in 'chinese spring' and altbh in 'bh 1146'), and the knal locus controlling the k+/na+ discrimination in saline environments have been mapped to this chromosome arm. however, accurate information on the genetic and physical location of markers related to any of these genes is not available and woul ... | 2001 | 11681613 |
| silica deposition on the leaves of mir- and earth-grown super dwarf wheat. | scanning electron microscopy (sem) and energy dispersive x-ray (edx) microanalysis were used to investigate the nature of crystals deposited on leaves of mir- and earth-grown super dwarf wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants. leaves from these plants exhibited dense and uniformly distributed crystals on leaf abaxial surfaces when viewed by sem. young leaves showed that crystals initially accumulated around the stomata on the adaxial surface, but became more dense and uniformly distributed as the l ... | 2000 | 11676441 |
| [distribution of alleles of the wms261 locus, marking the gene for the dwarf gene rht8, in common wheat cultivars in southern ukraine]. | the use of codominant microsatellite molecular markers allows one to study the inheritance and distribution of alleles linked to important agronomic characters. a microsatellite locus wms261 tightly linked to a dwarfing gene rht8 was analyzed in wheat cultivars and selection material of the institute of plant breeding and genetics. pcr screening of common wheat cultivars produced in the southern ukraine showed the prevalence of a 192-bp allele at locus wms261 that indicates adaptive significance ... | 2001 | 11642107 |
| [use of genomic in situ hybridization for the genetic study of common wheat triticum aestivum l. and its close relatives]. | the literature data on use of genomic in situ hybridization (gish) for genetic studying of common wheat and its close relatives are reviewed. the conclusions as to the necessity of complex investigation of genetic material using gish and other modern methods are drawn. | 2008 | 11589060 |
| [new morphological marker for chromosomes of the fourth homologous group of triticinae]. | the character "hairy leaf sheath" was studied in two groups of introgressive common wheat lines. the first group involves lines containing genetic material of aegilops sharonensis, the second one includes lines with chromatin of triticum miguschovae. the gene controlling hairy leaf sheath, hs, was located by us on chromosomes 4s1 (ae. sharonensis) and 4d (t. miguschovae) due to its joint transfer with beta-amy-s(1)1, beta-amy-d1, acph-s(1)1 and acph-d1 genes situated on the and 4d chromosomes. t ... | 2008 | 11589040 |
| cadmium content of wheat grain from a long-term field experiment with sewage sludge. | grain cd concentrations were determined in the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars soissons, brigadier, and hereward grown in 1994,1996, and 1999, respectively, in soils of a long-term field experiment to which sewage sludges contaminated with zn, cu, ni, or cr had previously been added. soil pore water soluble cd and free cd2+ increased linearly with increasing total soil cd (r2=0.82 and 0.84, respectively; p<0.001). similarly, soil pore water free cd2+ increased linearly with increasing soi ... | 2013 | 11577862 |
| cold acclimation can induce microtubular cold stability in a manner distinct from abscisic acid. | the response of cortical microtubules to low temperature was investigated for the chinese winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar jing nong 934. microtubules in the cortex of the root elongation zone disassembled rapidly in response to a cold shock of -7 degrees c and reassembled upon rewarming to 25 degrees c. the microtubules acquired resistance against this cold shock in response to cold acclimation in chilling, but non-freezing, temperature or after a treatment with abscisic acid (aba). ... | 2001 | 11577195 |
| root growth and lignification of two wheat species differing in their sensitivity to nacl, in response to salt stress. | application of a 100-mm nacl salt stress to wheat seedlings of a salt-tolerant (triticum durum var. ben béchir) and a salt-sensitive (triticum aestivum var. tanit) species decreases the fresh and dry weights of roots especially in the salt-sensitive species, and slightly increases the ratio of dry to fresh weight, especially in the salt-resistant species. all peroxidase activities are increased by salt stress, the water-soluble peroxidase activity being increased much more in the salt-sensitive ... | 2001 | 11558333 |
| protein kinase and phosphatase activities are involved in fructan synthesis initiation mediated by sugars. | the induction of fructosylsucrose-synthesizing activity (fss) by sugars was tested using detached primary leaf blades of several wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, immersed in different sugars solutions for 24 h in the dark. the highest induction was brought about by sucrose, while glucose, fructose and maltose also caused significant induction. 5-ketofructose, 3-methylglucose and 6-deoxyglucose, which cannot be metabolized by plants, produced no induction at all. the fact that mannose also ... | 2001 | 11556797 |
| [cloning and characterization of pathogenesis-related protein 1 from wheat-h. villosa translocation lines]. | a triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa 6vs/6al translocation line contained powdery mildew resistance gene pm21 which is effective against all the current biotypes of erygsiphe gramins. cloning of the related genes for powdery mildew resistance is significance for understanding its resistance mechanism and disease resistance breeding. using rt-pcr and race technology, a wheat pathogenesis related protein 1 cdna clone (tapr-1) corresponding to a mrna differentially induced in resistant 6vs/6al tra ... | 2001 | 11554351 |
| the specific isolation of complete 5s rdna units from chromosome 1a of hexaploid, tetraploid, and diploid wheat species using pcr with head-to-head oriented primers. | the presence of 5s rdna units on chromosome 1a of triticum aestivum was shown by the development of a specific pcr test, using head-to-head oriented primers. this primer set allowed the amplification of complete 5s dna units and was used to isolate ss-rrna-a1 sequences from polyploid and diploid wheat species. multiple-alignment and parsimony analyses of the 132 sequences divided the sequences into four types. the isolates from t. aestivum and the tetraploid species (t. dicoccoides, t. dicoccum, ... | 2001 | 11550886 |
| large-scale selection of lines with deletions in chromosome 1 b in wheat and applications for fine deletion mapping. | terminal deletions of chromosome 1b in common wheat were selected on a large scale. the gametocidal gene of aegilops cylindrica was used as the inducer of chromosome breakage. first, genes for endosperm storage proteins located on both arms of chromosome 1b were used as the selection markers. however, it was found that the chromosome breakage occurred during female gametogenesis, causing genotypic inconsistency between the embryo and endosperm. thus, we isolated plants with terminal deletions in ... | 2001 | 11550882 |
| wheat response to differences in water and nutritional status between zeoponic and hydroponic growth systems. | hydroponic culture has traditionally been used for controlled environment life support systems (celss) because the optimal environment for roots supports high growth rates. recent developments in zeoponic substrate and microporous tube irrigation (zpt) also offer high control of the root environment. this study compared the effect of differences in water and nutrient status of zpt or hydroponic culture on growth and yield of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. usu-apogee). in a side-by-side test in ... | 2013 | 11543523 |
| analysis of the spaceflight effects on growth and development of super dwarf wheat grown on the space station mir. | the hypothesis being tested is that super dwarf wheat, triticum aestivum l., plants in the svet greenhouse onboard the russian space station mir will complete a life cycle in spaceflight, providing that the environmental conditions necessary for adequate growth on earth are supplied. twenty six seeds of wheat were planted in each of 2 rows of 2 root compartments for a total of 104 seeds in svet. germination rate at 7 d was 56 and 73% on mir and 75 and 90% in ground-based controls. plants were gr ... | 2000 | 11543345 |
| modeling wheat harvest index as a function of date of anthesis. | a plant growth model developed by volk and colleagues was modified to partition plant mass production after anthesis into grain and inedible biomass. using data on wheat (triticum aestivum) grown in the nasa celss biomass production chamber to supply constants for the model, we showed that delaying the date of anthesis 7 days resulted in a 20% decrease in the harvest index. multiple model components were then assembled to demonstrate the effect of an environmental system failure. | 1999 | 11543264 |
| low irradiances affect abscisic acid, indole-3-acidic acid, and cytokinin levels of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) tissues. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants were grown under four irradiance levels: 1,400, 400, 200, and 100 micromol m-2 s-1. leaves and roots were sampled before, during, and after the boot stage, and levels of abscisic acid (aba), indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), zeatin, zeatin riboside, dihydrozeatin, dihydrozeatin riboside, isopentenyl adenine, and isopentenyl adenosine were quantified using noncompetitive indirect elisa systems. levels of iaa in leaves and roots of plants exposed to 100 micromol m-2 s ... | 1999 | 11543183 |
| first flight of the astroculture (tm) experiment as a part of the u.s. shuttle/mir program. | a number of space-based experiments have been conducted to assess the impact of microgravity on plant growth and development. in general, these experiments did not identify any profound impact of microgravity on plant growth and development, though investigations to study seed development have indicated difficulty in plants completing their reproductive cycle. however, it was not clear whether the lack of seed production was due to gravity effects or some other environmental condition prevailing ... | 2000 | 11543159 |
| spatial organization of the gravitropic response in plants: applicability of the revised local curvature distribution model to triticum aestivum coleoptiles. | the revised local curvature distribution model, which provides accurate computer simulations of the gravitropic response of mushroom stems, was found to produce accurate simulations of the gravitropic reaction of wheat (triticum aestivum) coleoptiles. the key feature of the mathematical model that enables it to approach universality of application is the assumption that the stem has an autonomic straightening reaction (curvature compensation or 'autotropism'). in the model, the local bending rat ... | 1999 | 11542912 |
| crop biomass leaching for nutrient recycling in a celss. | leaching may be employed as a biomass conversion technique to minimize consumption of system resources in a celss. this study examined leaching rates and total leachability of triticum aestivum l. yecora rojo residue. total biomass reduction and phosphate concentration in the leachate were tested as a function of particle size, leaching time of solid, temperature, and sonication versus mechanical agitation. for modeling purposes, phosphate rate constants were determined experimentally via batch ... | 1999 | 11542684 |
| growing wheat in biosphere 2 under elevated co2: observations and modeling. | spring wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. yecora rojo) was grown in the intensive agricultural biome (iab) of biosphere 2 during the l995-l996 winter/spring season. environmental conditions were characterized by a day/night temperature regime of 27/17 degrees c, relative humidity (rh) levels around 45%, mean atmospheric co2 concentration of 450 ppmv, and natural light conditions with mean intensities about half of outside levels. weekly samples of above-ground plant matter were collected throughou ... | 1999 | 11542248 |
| ground-based studies with super-dwarf wheat in preparation for space flight. | several experiments were carried out to test responses of a super-dwarf cultivar of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) to various environmental parameters that were anticipated to be present in our attempts to grow the wheat in a small growth chamber on the russian space station, mir, or that proved to be present in a 1995 trial space experiment. under low photosynthetic photon flux (40-400 micromoles m-2 s-1 ppf), development (e.g. anthesis) was retarded, but heads (often sterile) always formed, even ... | 1998 | 11540590 |
| dynamic behaviour of inflorescence-bearing triticale and triticum stems. | the mechanical response of cereal plant shoots to load caused by wind and gravity in the field is swaying in flexure around the vertical or near vertical transient equilibrium position determined by the stationary component of the wind pressure. the aim of this work was to characterise the kinematic and dynamic attributes and their interrelations in freely swaying inflorescence-bearing stems of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and triticale. the fundamental natural frequency of the stems appeared to ... | 1999 | 11536897 |
| [a new micromethod for differential quantitative assay of zeatin and zeatin riboside]. | a new method is proposed for differential quantitative assay of two major endogenous cytokinin forms. it is based on determination of two effective parameters-concentrations of zeatin and zeatin riboside--with the use of appropriate antigens as standards. the method can be used for determining cytokinins in small samples of plant tissues without extract fractionation. this study pioneers in quantitation of changes in the hormonal status of ovules and ovaries of triticum aestivum l. at early stag ... | 2013 | 11530676 |
| allelochemicals in wheat (triticum aestivum l.): production and exudation of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one. | an analytical technique employing gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (gc/ms/ms) was employed to systematically screen fifty-eight wheat accessions for their differential production of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (dimboa) from three consecutive sources, i.e., the shoots, roots, and in the associated agar growth medium (collected as root exudates) of 17-day-old wheat seedlings. dimboa content differed significantly in the shoots, roots, or in the agar growth medium be ... | 2001 | 11521406 |
| the export of amino acid in the phloem is altered in wheat plants lacking the short arm of chromosome 7b. | grain protein content is one of the major determinants of the baking and nutritional quality of wheat. it has previously been reported that the ditelosomic line of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) csdt7bl, where the short arm of chromosome 7b is missing, shows a lower grain protein concentration than the normal line, but a similar grain yield. in the present paper the growth and nitrogen (n) metabolism of wheat plants cv. chinese spring (cs) and its ditelosomic line csdt7bl were compared. when plant ... | 2001 | 11520864 |
| allelochemicals in wheat (triticum aestivum l.): cultivar difference in the exudation of phenolic acids. | analysis by gc-ms/ms showed that a worldwide collection of 58 wheat accessions differed significantly in the amounts of 7 known phenolic acids exuded by the living roots of 17-day-old wheat seedlings. the quantities of exuded allelochemicals varied with the specific compound and ranged from 2.3 to 18.6, from 0.6 to 17.5, from 0.1 to 4.9, from 0.0 to 52.7, from 0.33 to 12.7, from 1.5 to 20.5, and from 1.6 to 23.4 microg/l of water/agar for p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, cis-p-coumaric, syringic, cis ... | 2001 | 11513658 |
| the nucellus degenerates by a process of programmed cell death during the early stages of wheat grain development. | the nucellus, which is the maternal tissue of the wheat grain, degenerates during the early stages of development. we have investigated whether or not this degenerative process may be considered as programmed cell death (pcd). the analysis of dna of tissues dissected from developing wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv chinese spring) grains at 5-20 days post anthesis (dpa) showed the presence of dna laddering, which is indicative of internucleosomal fragmentation of nuclear dna, in maternal tissues b ... | 2001 | 11506357 |
| growth and yield responses of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. minaret) to elevated co2 and water limitation. | spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. minaret) was grown at two different co2 concentrations (367 and 650 micromol mol(-1)) in open-top-chambers from sowing until final harvest. furthermore two different watering treatments (well watered and water stressed) and two soil types of different fertility were used. at final harvest, which took place at growth stage 92, plants were separated into different fractions. elevated atmospheric co2 caused an accelerated chlorophyll-a breakdown and increased ... | 2001 | 11504341 |
| effects of fulvic acid on the bioavailability of rare earth elements and got enzyme activity in wheat (triticum aestivum). | fulvic acid (fa) was extracted and purified from natural soil and the effects of such fa on the bioaccumulation of rare earth elements (rees, la3+, gd3+ and y3+) in wheat seedling were investigated. the results indicated that low concentration of fa (<0.4 mg c/l to root, <0.7 mg c/l to tops (stem and leaves)) could increase the bioaccumulation values of rees in wheat, but when the concentration of fa was high (>0.4 mg c/l to root, >1.5 mg c/l to tops) the bioaccumulation values were decreased. k ... | 2001 | 11482641 |
| [pyramiding and marker-assisted selection for powdery mildew resistance genes in common wheat]. | this project used the strategy of discarding susceptible individual plants and keeping resistance ones by resistance identification in breeding populations and planted resistant plants next in earlier generations (f1-f3), and performing marker-assisted selection combining resistance identification in later generation (f4 generation) for pyramiding powdery mildew resistance. f4 populations from crosses of elite parents possessing different pm genes were screened by using molecular markers tightly ... | 2001 | 11480176 |
| boron supply into wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. wilgoyne) ears whilst still enclosed within leaf sheaths. | the present study investigates whether there is significant remobilization of (10)b previously loaded in the flag and penultimate leaves into the young, actively growing ear enclosed within the sheaths of flag and penultimate leaves. it also explores whether b transport into the enclosed ear declines when air humidity in the shoot canopy increases. after 5 d (10)b labelling during the period from early to full emergence of the flag leaf, the plants were transferred into nutrient solutions contai ... | 2001 | 11479339 |
| radionuclide transport above a near-surface water table: iii. soil migration and crop uptake of three gamma-emitting radionuclides, 1990 to 1993. | this paper summarizes the vertical distributions of 22na, 137cs, and 60co above controlled water tables in deep and shallow lysimeters during a four-year experiment. the activity concentration profiles were all determined at the time of harvest of a winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. pastiche) crop. activity concentrations in different crop tissues were determined and crop uptake expressed as both an inventory ratio (ir) and a transfer factor (tfw), weighted to account for root and radionucl ... | 2006 | 11476513 |
| changes in cell-wall properties of wheat (triticum aestivum) roots during aluminum-induced growth inhibition. | the effects of aluminum (al) on root elongation, the mechanical extensibility of the cell wall, and the amount of cell-wall polysaccharides in the roots of al-resistant (atlas 66) and al-sensitive (scout 66) cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were examined. exposure to 10 &mgr;m alcl3 for 6 h inhibited root elongation in scout 66 but not in atlas 66. it also decreased the mechanical extensibility of the cell wall in the roots of both cultivars, but prominently only in the roots of scout 6 ... | 2001 | 11473692 |
| a xylosyltransferase that synthesizes beta-(1-->4)-xylans in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. | a particulate preparation from 6-day-old seedlings of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was found to contain a xylosyltransferase (xyltase) which incorporated xylose (xyl) from udp-xylose into exogenous beta-(1-->4)-xylooligosaccharides with 2-aminopyridine-derivatized reducing end groups. high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis showed that the chain elongation of pyridylaminated beta-(1-->4)-xylotriose (xyl3-pa) occurred by attachment of a series of one, two, or three xylosyl residues, depe ... | 2001 | 11469588 |
| genotype-dependent proteolytic response of spring wheat to water deficiency. | changes in proteolytic activities in response to water deficiency have been investigated in ten genotypes of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) differing in response to water deficit stress and ability to acclimate. to determine subcellular localization and the type of proteases, mesophyll protoplasts isolated from wheat leaves were purified. proteolytic activities were assayed using azocasein in the case of vacuolar proteinases at ph 5.0 and 125i-lysozyme in the case of extravacuolar atp-depen ... | 2001 | 11457905 |
| transfer of salt tolerance from aeleuropus littorulis sinensis to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) via asymmetric somatic hybridization. | protoplasts of wheat c.v. jinan 177 were fused by peg method with the uv irradiated protoplasts of a. littoralis - a salt tolerant plant intertribal to wheat. the early-formed regenerated clones were identified as hybrids by chromosome, isozyme and rapd analysis. their salt-tolerant ability was compared with both parents in relative growth, proline accumulation and na(+)/k(+) ratio under salt stress, and was proved higher than wheat, indicating some corresponding genes coding salt-tolerance had ... | 2001 | 11448756 |
| a tandem repetitive sequence located in the centromeric region of common wheat (triticum aestivum) chromosomes. | although tail-family sequences are present in the subtelomeric region of leymus racemosus, it became apparent in the present study that such sequences are also present in the centromeric region of common wheat (triticum aestivum). these sequences hybridized to all chromosomes with various degrees of signal strength. fish using tail and ty3/gypsy, a conservative sequence in cereal centromeres, revealed a complicated arrangement of both sequences in all wheat chromosomes at once. unlike the arabid ... | 2001 | 11448043 |
| production of near-isogenic lines and marked monosomic lines in common wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. chinese spring. | sixteen near-isogenic lines (nils) carrying a marker gene were produced by the recurrent backcrossing method in the genetic background of common wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. chinese spring (cs). three genes from alien species showed segregation distortion. in nils carrying a marker gene of rye (secale cereale) or aegilops caudata, the alien chromosome segments were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). the nils were grown with replications and the effect of marker genes on plan ... | 2002 | 11447241 |
| isolation of a chromosomally engineered durum wheat line carrying the aegilops ventricosa pchl gene for resistance to eyespot. | the chromosome 7dv of aegilops ventricosa (syn. triticum ventricosum, 2n = 4x = 28, genome dvdvmvmv) carries the gene pch1 for resistance to eyespot. this gene has previously been transferred to chromosome 7d of bread wheat, t. aestivum (2n = 6x = 42, genome aabbdd). to (1) enhance the level of resistance of bread wheat by increasing the copy number of pch1, and (2) create eyespot-resistant triticales, meiotically stable pch1-carrying durum lines were selected from the backcross progenies of a c ... | 2001 | 11444692 |
| [effect of rye chromosomes on features of androgenesis in wheat-rye substituted lines of triticum aestivum l. sort saratovskaya 29/secale cerale l. sort onokhoiskaia and triticale]. | the characteristic features of androgenesis in six wheat-rye substitution lines triticum aestivum l. (cv. saratovskaya 29)/secale cereale l. (cv. onokhoiskaya) and triticale (2n = 56) using anther culture at different concentrations of 2,4-d in the growth medium were studied. under variable cultivation conditions, the significant effect of genotypic diversity on the variability of such androgenesis parameters as the frequency of productive anthers, the frequency of embryoid formation, and the fr ... | 2001 | 11436553 |
| barley chromosome addition lines of wheat for screening of aflp markers on barley chromosomes. | we conducted aflp (amplified fragment length polymorphism) analysis with the six wheat-barley chromosome addition lines of common wheat cultivar chinese spring. we analyzed the aflp fingerprints generated by 36 combinations of selective-amplification primers to find 103 markers specific to the barley chromosomes (2.9 markers per combination on average). the numbers of aflp markers mapped to the barley chromosomes varied (one to 16) depending of the primer combinations. each barley chromosome had ... | 2001 | 11434455 |
| plant growth and cation composition of two cultivars of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) differing in p uptake efficiency. | phosphorus (p)-zinc (zn) interactions were investigated in two wheat cultivars (brookton versus krichauff) differing in p uptake efficiency. the experiment was done in a growth chamber. rock phosphate (rp) or cahpo4 (cap) were used as p sources, and ammonium nitrate (an) or nitrate only (no) were used as nitrogen sources. two zn levels were used, 0.22 mg x kg(-1) (lz) and 2.2 mg znso4.7h2o x kg(-1) (hz), respectively. p availability significantly affected plant biomass production, but zn supply ... | 2001 | 11432946 |
| phytosiderophore release in aegilops tauschii and triticum species under zinc and iron deficiencies. | using three diploid (triticum monococcum, aa), three tetraploid (triticum turgidum, bbaa), two hexaploid (triticum aestivum and triticum compactum, bbaadd) wheats and two aegilops tauschii (dd) genotypes, experiments were carried out under controlled environmental conditions in nutrient solution (i) to study the relationships between the rates of phytosiderophore (ps) release from the roots and the tolerance of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid wheats and ae: tauschii to zinc (zn) and iron (fe) ... | 2001 | 11432925 |
| the competence to acquire cellular desiccation tolerance is independent of seed morphological development. | acquisition of desiccation tolerance and the related changes at the cellular level in wheat (triticum aestivum cv. priokskaya) kernels during normal development and premature drying on the ear were studied using a spin probe technique and low temperature scanning electron microscopy. during normal development, the ability of embryos to germinate after rapid drying and rehydration was acquired after completion of morphological development, which is a few days before mass maturity. the acquisition ... | 2001 | 11432918 |
| effect of external potassium (k) supply on the uptake of 137cs by spring wheat (triticum aestivum cv. tonic): a large-scale hydroponic study. | a large-scale hydroponic experiment was carried out in a non-controlled greenhouse. spring wheat plants were grown to maturity at four levels of external k concentration (2, 4, 20 and 40 mgl(-1)) and one concentration of radiocaesium (8 bqml(-1)). concentrations of k and radiocaesium in the growth solution were closely monitored, and replenishments were made upon depletion. k effectively competed with radiocaesium in terms of root uptake. activity concentrations of radiocaesium in plants differe ... | 2001 | 11430677 |
| copper and zinc uptake by spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and corn (zea mays l.) grown in baiyin region. | | 2001 | 11381316 |
| procedures allowing the transformation of a range of european elite wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties via particle bombardment. | ten current european wheat varieties were transformed at efficiencies ranging from 1-17% (mean 4% across varieties) following modifications in particle bombardment and tissue culture procedures. all plants surviving phosphinothricin selection were screened for uida and bar gene activity, and for the presence of marker gene sequences by pcr analysis. a minimum of 35% plant 'escape' frequency was achieved with selection on 4 mg l(-1) gluphosinate ammonium after shoot initiation. mean co-transforma ... | 2001 | 11413224 |
| [inheritance of frost resistance and winter hardiness in distant hybrids of wheat and amphiploids]. | the data on inheritance of frost resistance and winter hardiness of bread wheat lines obtained as a result of distant hybridization of wheat-rye and wheat-elymus amphiploids with durum and bread wheat were presented. it was shown that selection of the donors of valuable traits is sensible to make in later progenies of hybrids (f6-f7). so, it is possible to obtain the new initial breeding material for winter bread wheat selection with high frost tolerance, winter hardiness and early maturity. hyp ... | 2008 | 11391895 |
| auxin distribution and transport during embryonic pattern formation in wheat. | inhibitors of auxin polar transport disrupt normal embryogenesis and thus specific spatial auxin distribution due to auxin movement may be important in establishing embryonic pattern formation in plants. in the present study, the distribution of the photoaffinity labeling agent tritiated 5-azidoindole-3-acetic acid ([3h],5-n3iaa), an analog of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), was visualized in zygotic wheat (triticum aestivum l.) embryos grown in vitro and in planta, and used to deduce auxin transpor ... | 2001 | 11389754 |
| carbon isotope discrimination and mineral composition of three organs in durum wheat genotypes grown under mediterranean conditions. | carbon isotope discrimination (delta) has been proposed as a good criterion for transpiration efficiency and grain yield improvement. its measurement, however, remains very expensive. ash content (ma) has been proposed as an alternative criterion for delta in bread wheat and barley. the aims of this study were (i) to analyse the relationships between delta and mineral composition in different durum wheat plant parts and (ii) to compare the variation of these traits between landraces and improved ... | 2001 | 11386083 |
| plant-growth inhibitory activity of cedrelanolide from cedrela salvadorensis. | the effect of cedrelanolide, the most abundant limonoid isolated from cedrela salvadorensis (meliaceae), was assayed as a plant-growth inhibitory compound against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous seeds. this compound inhibited germination, seed respiration, and seedling dry weights of some plant species (lolium multiflorum, var. hercules, triticum vulgare, var. salamanca, physalis ixocarpa, and trifolium alexandrinum). our results indicate that cedrelanolide interferes with monocot preemergen ... | 2001 | 11382059 |